Peanut harvester cleaning mechanism with adaptive adjustment function and adjustment method

Abstract

The application discloses a peanut harvester cleaning mechanism with self-adaptive adjusting function and an adjusting method. The peanut harvester cleaning mechanism comprises a vibrating screen, a vibrating driving mechanism, a fan mechanism, a return mechanism, a sensor group and a controller. The front side of the vibrating screen is hingedly connected to a rack through a front connecting rod. The rear side of the rack is connected with the vibrating driving mechanism. An angle adjusting mechanism is installed on the rack. The angle adjusting mechanism comprises a guide rail mechanism, a sliding block and a first oil cylinder connected with the sliding block. The rear side of the vibrating screen is connected with the sliding block through a rear connecting rod. The fan mechanism comprises a fan body, a corrugated pipe and an air outlet component at the end of the corrugated pipe. The air outlet component can rotate and translate relative to the rack under the driving of an air outlet adjusting device. The controller can obtain the angle data of the vibrating screen and the air outlet component and the material distribution data on the screen surface through the sensor group, and can drive the first oil cylinder, the air outlet adjusting device, the vibrating driving mechanism and the fan body to operate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of peanut harvesting and cleaning technology, and in particular to a peanut harvester cleaning mechanism and adjustment method with adaptive adjustment function. Background Technology

[0002] When peanut harvesters are used for combined harvesting in the field, they face the challenge of uneven peanut feeding. As the core working component of the harvester, the cleaning mechanism needs to dynamically and adaptively adjust the screen angle, vibration frequency, and cleaning airflow according to real-time operating conditions to control the flow rate and residence time of the material on the screen surface, thereby reducing the impurity content and avoiding peanut loss during cleaning.

[0003] In the prior art, patent CN117898128A discloses an adaptive adjustment cleaning device and its control method, as well as a combine harvester. This patent proposes adding a perforated screen above a vibrating screen and adjusting the tilt angle of the perforated screen through a complex drive assembly. The tilt angle adjustment mechanism in this patent employs a combination drive form consisting of multiple sliding motors, lifting motors, and multiple sets of lead screws, slide rails, and connecting rods. This mechanical structure, driven by multiple motors in parallel and relying on lead screw transmission, is extremely large and complex, resulting in high manufacturing costs, large space occupancy, and slow linear motion due to the inherent characteristics of the lead screw transmission mechanism. When faced with the sudden and rapid changes in feeding volume during peanut harvesting, this device cannot achieve agile and rapid adjustment of the screen tilt angle, easily missing the adjustment opportunity and causing screen blockage.

[0004] Patent CN204733622U discloses an adaptive cleaning control device for a combine harvester. This patent proposes installing a deflector plate at the outlet of the cleaning centrifugal fan and controlling a stepper motor to rotate forward and backward, thereby pivoting the deflector plate to achieve online automatic adjustment of the airflow angle. However, this patent relies solely on moving the deflector plate in place within the fixed outlet, resulting in a very limited physical adjustment range for the airflow angle. Furthermore, simply changing the pitch angle of the deflector plate causes a shift in the effective center of force of the airflow on the vibrating screen surface. This shift in the center of force disrupts the original cleaning flow field balance, leading to unstable cleaning quality. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Purpose of the invention: In order to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a peanut harvester cleaning mechanism and adjustment method with adaptive adjustment function, which has a simple and reliable adjustment structure, fast response speed, and large and stable wind field adjustment range.

[0006] Technical Solution: To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a peanut harvester cleaning mechanism with adaptive adjustment function, comprising a vibrating screen, a vibration drive mechanism, a fan mechanism, a return mechanism, a sensor group, and a controller mounted on the frame of the harvester; the return mechanism is located above the rear half of the vibrating screen; the front side of the vibrating screen is hinged to the frame via a front connecting rod; the vibration drive mechanism is connected to the rear side of the frame; the fan mechanism is located below the vibrating screen and includes a fan body;

[0007] An angle adjustment mechanism is installed on the frame. The angle adjustment mechanism includes a vertically arranged guide rail mechanism, a slider that can slide along the guide rail mechanism, and a first hydraulic cylinder installed on the top of the guide rail mechanism and connected to the slider. The telescopic rod of the first hydraulic cylinder can drive the slider to move vertically. The rear side of the vibrating screen is connected to the slider through a rear connecting rod.

[0008] The fan mechanism also includes a bellows connected to the fan body and an air outlet component located at the end of the bellows. The air outlet component can rotate and translate relative to the frame under the drive of the air outlet adjustment device.

[0009] The controller can acquire angle data of the vibrating screen and the air outlet component, as well as material distribution data on the screen surface, through the sensor group. It can also drive the first oil cylinder, the air outlet adjustment device, the vibration drive mechanism, and the fan body to operate, thereby changing the basic tilt angle of the vibrating screen, the airflow blowing angle acting on the vibrating screen, the vibration frequency of the vibrating screen, and the airflow intensity.

[0010] Furthermore, the air outlet adjustment device includes a slide and a second hydraulic cylinder; the slide is slidably mounted on the frame, the air outlet component is rotatably mounted on the slide, and the second hydraulic cylinder connects the slide and the frame;

[0011] The air outlet adjustment device further includes a reference rod, which connects the frame and the slider, such that when the vibrating screen is in the middle vibration position in a side view, the line connecting the hinge centers of the reference rod and the front and rear connecting rods is parallel to the main rod portion of the reference rod. An adjustment rod connects the reference rod to the air outlet component. The adjustment rod is fixed relative to the air outlet component, and its extension direction is parallel to the air outlet direction of the air outlet component. The reference rod has a reference shaft, and the adjustment rod can rotate and slide relative to the reference shaft. Specifically, the adjustment rod has a strip-shaped hole, and the reference shaft is placed within the strip-shaped hole.

[0012] Furthermore, the sensor group includes a first wire displacement sensor and a second wire displacement sensor respectively installed on the first hydraulic cylinder and the second hydraulic cylinder; the controller calculates the basic tilt angle of the vibrating screen and the tilt angle of the air outlet component based on the displacement data generated by the first wire displacement sensor and the second wire displacement sensor, according to geometric relationships.

[0013] Furthermore, the vibration drive mechanism includes a vibrating screen motor, an eccentric wheel, and a drive arm. The two ends of the drive arm are rotatably connected to the eccentric wheel and the vibrating screen, respectively. The hinge axis between the drive arm and the eccentric wheel is offset from the rotation center of the eccentric wheel. The vibrating screen motor establishes a drive connection with the eccentric wheel through a chain transmission mechanism.

[0014] Furthermore, the material distribution data on the screen surface is acquired by multiple material detection devices installed below the return mechanism; each material detection device includes a swing arm with its upper end hinged to the frame of the return mechanism, and a detection sensor is located between the swing arm and the frame. The data collected by the detection sensor can reflect the angle change of the swing arm. The detection sensor can be an angle sensor or a linear sensor connecting the swing arm and the frame. A roller is rotatably mounted on the lower end of the swing arm, and the roller can contact the material on the screen surface of the vibrating screen. An elastic device is also connected between the swing arm and the frame, and the elastic device prevents the roller from bouncing when it comes into contact with the screen surface or the material on it.

[0015] An adjustment method for a peanut harvester cleaning mechanism with adaptive adjustment function as described above, implemented by the controller, includes:

[0016] Step 1: Collect data on the basic tilt angle of the vibrating screen, the tilt angle of the air outlet component, and the material distribution on the screen surface using the sensor group.

[0017] Step 2: Based on the material distribution data on the screen surface, drive the first oil cylinder to adjust the basic tilt angle of the vibrating screen via the rear connecting rod, and simultaneously adjust the vibration frequency of the vibration drive mechanism to change the flow rate and residence time of the material on the screen surface.

[0018] Step 3: Based on the basic inclination angle of the vibrating screen and the material distribution data on the screen surface, adjust the outlet angle of the outlet component using the outlet adjustment device, and adjust the rotational speed of the fan body according to the material distribution data on the screen surface. When the outlet angle of the outlet component increases, the component of the airflow along the material movement direction on the vibrating screen surface decreases, and the forward pushing effect on the material on the screen surface weakens. The rotational speed of the fan body determines the intensity of the airflow acting on the vibrating screen. Simultaneously, while adjusting the outlet angle of the outlet component, the outlet adjustment device also changes the front and rear position of the outlet component to keep the center of the screen surface area affected by the airflow unchanged.

[0019] Further, in step two, when the material distribution data on the screen surface indicates that the material accumulation position on the screen surface has shifted backward or the accumulation amount has increased, the basic tilt angle of the vibrating screen is increased and / or the vibration frequency of the vibration drive mechanism is increased; in step three, the air outlet angle of the air outlet component is actively adjusted according to the material distribution data on the screen surface. The larger the air outlet angle of the air outlet component, the smaller the component of the airflow along the material movement direction on the screen surface of the vibrating screen, and the smaller the forward pushing effect on the material on the screen surface. When the material distribution data on the screen surface indicates that the accumulation amount of material on the screen surface has increased, the air outlet angle of the air outlet component is decreased to accelerate the forward movement of the material on the screen surface. When the accumulation amount of material on the screen surface has decreased, the air outlet angle of the air outlet component is increased.

[0020] Beneficial effects: The peanut harvester cleaning mechanism and adjustment method with adaptive adjustment function of the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0021] (1) In this invention, on the one hand, the tilt angle of the vibrating screen can be adjusted by setting an angle adjustment mechanism. The structure of the angle adjustment mechanism is simple. Compared with the prior art, this invention can achieve reliable adjustment and fast real-time response. By adjusting the angle of the vibrating screen and simultaneously adjusting the vibration frequency of the vibrating screen, it can adapt to different field conditions, control the material flow rate and residence time, improve the screening effect, and reduce peanut loss. On the other hand, the angle and front and rear position of the air outlet component can be adjusted by the air outlet adjustment device. Combined with the adjustment of the fan blade speed, the cleaning airflow field can be precisely controlled. The lateral component of the airflow velocity can be adjusted to ensure the removal of light impurities while avoiding fruit loss, thereby improving the cleaning quality and adaptability to working conditions.

[0022] (2) The structural design of the air outlet adjustment device allows the front and rear positions of the air outlet component to be changed in a coordinated manner through the linkage of the reference rod, the adjusting rod, and the slide block when adjusting the angle of the air outlet component. This ensures that the center of the vibrating screen range affected by the airflow from the air outlet component remains unchanged, and the position of the vibrating screen range affected by the air outlet component will not shift due to the adjustment of the air outlet component's angle. Furthermore, the aforementioned linkage structure eliminates the need for an independent hydraulic cylinder to drive the front and rear position adjustment of the air outlet component, thus avoiding additional control costs and difficulties.

[0023] (3) The material detection device is installed below the return mechanism, which can avoid affecting the peanut falling and also avoid the peanut falling affecting the detection data. The roller contacts the material on the vibrating screen and drives the swing arm to swing with the change of the material layer thickness. The detection sensor outputs the angle change of the swing arm accordingly, and obtains the material accumulation distribution on the screen surface along the front and back directions.

[0024] (4) Using the above method, the controller adjusts the basic tilt angle of the vibrating screen, the vibration frequency of the vibration drive mechanism, the air outlet angle and front and rear position of the air outlet component, and the speed of the blower body based on the material distribution data of the screen surface. Adjusting the air outlet angle of the air outlet component changes the component of the airflow along the material movement direction to adjust the forward movement of the material on the screen surface. When the air outlet component is adjusted, its effective range center remains unchanged. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the cleaning mechanism of a peanut harvester with adaptive adjustment function;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the fan mechanism;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a layout and structural diagram of the material detection device.

[0028] In the diagram: 1-Frame; 2-Vibrating screen; 3-Vibration drive mechanism; 31-Vibrating screen motor; 32-Eccentric wheel; 33-Vibration drive arm; 34-Chain drive mechanism; 4-Fan mechanism; 41-Fan body; 42-Bellpipe; 43-Outlet component; 44-Outlet adjustment device; 441-Slide seat; 442-Second oil cylinder; 443-Adjusting rod; 444-Reference rod; 445-Reference shaft; 446-Connecting rod; 5-Front connecting rod; 6-Angle adjustment mechanism; 61-Guide rail mechanism; 62-Slider; 63-First oil cylinder; 7-Rear connecting rod; 8-Return mechanism; 9-Material detection device; 91-Swing arm; 92-Drum; 93-Detection sensor; 94-Elastic device. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0030] like Figure 1The peanut harvester cleaning mechanism shown includes a vibrating screen 2, a vibration drive mechanism 3, a fan mechanism 4, a return mechanism 8, a sensor group, and a controller, all mounted on the frame 1 of the harvester. The return mechanism 8 is located above the rear half of the vibrating screen 2. The front side of the vibrating screen 2 is hinged to the frame 1 via a front connecting rod 5. The vibration drive mechanism 3 is connected to the rear side of the frame 1. The fan mechanism 4 is located below the vibrating screen 2 and includes a fan body 41.

[0031] An angle adjustment mechanism 6 is installed on the frame 1. The angle adjustment mechanism 6 includes a vertically arranged guide rail mechanism 61, a slider 62 that can slide along the guide rail mechanism 61, and a first hydraulic cylinder 63 installed on the top of the guide rail mechanism 61 and connected to the slider 62. The telescopic rod of the first hydraulic cylinder 63 can drive the slider 62 to move vertically. The rear side of the vibrating screen 2 is connected to the slider 62 through a rear connecting rod 7.

[0032] The fan mechanism 4 also includes a bellows 42 connected to the fan body 41 and an air outlet component 43 located at the end of the bellows 42. The air outlet component 43 can rotate and translate relative to the frame 1 under the drive of the air outlet adjustment device 44.

[0033] The controller can acquire angle data of the vibrating screen 2 and the air outlet component 43, as well as material distribution data on the screen surface, through the sensor group. It can also drive the first oil cylinder 63, the air outlet adjustment device 44, the vibration drive mechanism 3, and the fan body 41 to change the basic tilt angle of the vibrating screen 2, the airflow blowing angle acting on the vibrating screen 2, the vibration frequency of the vibrating screen, and the airflow intensity.

[0034] In this invention, on the one hand, the tilt angle of the vibrating screen 2 can be adjusted by setting the angle adjustment mechanism 6. The angle adjustment mechanism 6 has a simple structure. Compared with the prior art, this invention can achieve reliable adjustment and fast real-time response. By adjusting the angle of the vibrating screen in conjunction with the synchronous adjustment of the vibration frequency of the vibrating screen 2, it can adapt to different field conditions, control the material flow rate and residence time, improve the screening effect, and reduce peanut loss. On the other hand, the air outlet adjustment device 44 can adjust the angle and front-back position of the air outlet component 43. Combined with the adjustment of the fan blade speed, it can precisely control the cleaning airflow field and adjust the lateral component of the airflow velocity, ensuring the removal of light impurities while avoiding fruit loss, thus improving the cleaning quality and adaptability to working conditions.

[0035] like Figure 2As shown, the air outlet adjustment device 44 includes a slide 441 and a second hydraulic cylinder 442; the slide 441 is slidably mounted on the frame 1, the air outlet component 43 is rotatably mounted on the slide 441, and the second hydraulic cylinder 442 connects the slide 441 and the frame 1.

[0036] The air outlet adjustment device 44 also includes a reference rod 444, which connects the frame 1 and the slider 62. This is such that, in a side view, when the vibrating screen 2 is in the middle vibration position, the line connecting its hinge center with the front connecting rod 5 and the rear connecting rod 7 is parallel to the main rod of the reference rod 444. The middle vibration position is also the center plane of the material movement surface within its movement angle range in the vibrating screen 2. The reference rod 444 is L-shaped and, in addition to the main rod, has a short rod at one end of the main rod. The end of the short rod is coaxially hinged to point A of the frame 1 with the front connecting rod 5. The other end is connected to the slider 62 via a connecting rod 446. The connecting rod 446, the reference rod 444, and the slider 62 are all rotatably connected. The hinge center of the connecting rod 446 and the rear connecting rod 7 relative to the slider 62 is point B. An adjusting rod 443 is connected between the reference rod 444 and the air outlet component 43. The adjusting rod 443 is fixed relative to the air outlet component 43, and its extension direction is parallel to the air outlet direction of the air outlet component 43. The reference rod 444 has a reference shaft 445, and the adjusting rod 443 can rotate and slide relative to the reference shaft 445. Specifically, the adjusting rod 443 has a strip-shaped hole, and the reference shaft 445 is placed in the strip-shaped hole.

[0037] In the structure of the air outlet adjustment device 44, the inclination of the reference rod 444 can reflect the basic inclination of the vibrating screen 2, and the reference rod 444 does not vibrate with the vibrating screen 2. In addition, when adjusting the angle of the air outlet component 43, the front and rear positions of the air outlet component 43 can be changed in a coordinated manner through the linkage of the reference rod 444, the adjustment rod 443, and the slide 441, so that the center of the vibrating screen range affected by the airflow blown by the air outlet component 43 remains unchanged, and the position of the vibrating screen range affected by the air outlet component 43 will not shift due to the adjustment of the angle of the air outlet component 43. Moreover, the above-mentioned linkage structure means that the adjustment of the front and rear position of the air outlet component 43 does not require independent hydraulic cylinder drive, and will not increase additional control costs and difficulties.

[0038] Preferably, the sensor group includes a first wire displacement sensor and a second wire displacement sensor respectively installed on the first hydraulic cylinder 63 and the second hydraulic cylinder 442; the controller calculates the basic tilt angle of the vibrating screen 2 and the tilt angle of the air outlet component 43 based on the displacement data generated by the first wire displacement sensor and the second wire displacement sensor, according to the geometric relationship.

[0039] Preferably, the vibration drive mechanism 3 includes a vibrating screen motor 31, an eccentric wheel 32, and a drive arm 33. The two ends of the drive arm 33 are rotatably connected to the eccentric wheel 32 and the vibrating screen 2, respectively. The hinge axis between the drive arm 33 and the eccentric wheel 32 is offset from the rotation center of the eccentric wheel 32. The vibrating screen motor 31 establishes a drive connection with the eccentric wheel 32 through a chain transmission mechanism 34.

[0040] Preferably, the material distribution data on the screen surface is acquired by multiple material detection devices 9 installed below the return mechanism 8; for example... Figure 3 As shown, the material detection device 9 includes a swing arm 91 hinged at its upper end to the frame of the return mechanism 8. A detection sensor 93 is located between the swing arm 91 and the frame. The data collected by the detection sensor 93 reflects the angle change of the swing arm 91. The detection sensor 93 can be an angle sensor or a linear sensor connecting the swing arm 91 and the frame. A roller 92 is rotatably mounted at the lower end of the swing arm 91, and the roller 92 can contact the material on the screen surface of the vibrating screen 2. An elastic device 94 is also connected between the swing arm 91 and the frame. The elastic device 94 prevents the roller 92 from bouncing when it contacts the screen surface or the material on it. To avoid the basic tilt angle of the vibrating screen 2 affecting the detection value of the material detection device 9, the frame of the return mechanism 8 is connected to a reference rod 444, which can change its tilt angle with the reference rod 444. Since the tilt angle of the reference rod 444 reflects the reference tilt angle of the vibrating screen 2, the detection value data of the material detection device 9 will not be affected by frequent adjustments to the reference tilt angle of the vibrating screen 2. When acquiring material thickness information, considering that the reciprocating vibration of the vibrating screen 2 during operation causes periodic fluctuations in the real-time signal collected by the angle sensor, the controller employs an average comparison strategy for data processing. Specifically, the system pre-calibrates the average data value of the angle sensor during at least one complete vibration cycle when the machine is unloaded and the vibrating screen 2 is running stably, using this as the empty screen reference value when there is no material. During actual harvesting operations, the controller calculates the average angle sensor data value within the same vibration cycle in real time and obtains the difference between this real-time average value and the empty screen reference value. Based on this difference, the actual thickness of the material layer can be calculated.

[0041] The material detection device 9 is installed below the return mechanism 8, which can avoid affecting the peanut falling and also prevent the peanut falling from affecting the detection data. The drum 92 contacts the material on the screen surface of the vibrating screen 2 and drives the swing arm 91 to swing as the material layer thickness changes. The detection sensor 93 outputs the angle change of the swing arm 91 accordingly, thereby obtaining the material accumulation distribution on the screen surface along the front and back directions.

[0042] An adjustment method for a peanut harvester cleaning mechanism with adaptive adjustment function as described above, implemented by the controller, includes:

[0043] Step 1: Collect the basic tilt angle of the vibrating screen 2, the tilt angle of the air outlet component 43, and the material distribution data on the screen surface through the sensor group;

[0044] Step 2: Based on the material distribution data on the screen surface, drive the first oil cylinder 63 to adjust the basic tilt angle of the vibrating screen 2 via the rear connecting rod 7, and simultaneously adjust the vibration frequency of the vibration drive mechanism 3 to change the flow rate and residence time of the material on the screen surface.

[0045] Step 3: Based on the basic inclination angle of the vibrating screen 2 and the material distribution data on the screen surface, the air outlet angle of the air outlet component 43 is adjusted by the air outlet adjustment device 44, and the rotational speed of the fan body 41 is adjusted according to the material distribution data on the screen surface. When the air outlet angle of the air outlet component 43 increases, the component of the airflow along the material movement direction on the screen surface of the vibrating screen 2 decreases, and the forward pushing effect on the material on the screen surface weakens. The rotational speed of the fan body 41 determines the airflow intensity acting on the vibrating screen 2. At the same time, while adjusting the air outlet angle of the air outlet component 43, the air outlet adjustment device 44 also changes the front and rear positions of the air outlet component 43 to keep the center of the screen surface area affected by the airflow unchanged.

[0046] Using the above method, the controller adjusts the basic tilt angle of the vibrating screen 2, the vibration frequency of the vibration drive mechanism 3, the air outlet angle and front-to-back position of the air outlet component 43, and the rotation speed of the blower body 41 in a coordinated manner based on the material distribution data on the screen surface. Adjusting the air outlet angle of the air outlet component 43 changes the component of the airflow along the material movement direction to adjust the forward movement of the material on the screen surface. When the air outlet component 43 is adjusted, the center of its range of action remains unchanged.

[0047] Preferably, in step two, when the material distribution data indicates that the material accumulation position on the screen surface has shifted backward or the accumulation amount has increased, the basic tilt angle of the vibrating screen 2 is increased and / or the vibration frequency of the vibration drive mechanism 3 is increased; in step three, the air outlet angle of the air outlet component 43 is actively adjusted according to the material distribution data on the screen surface. The larger the air outlet angle of the air outlet component 43, the smaller the component of the airflow along the material movement direction on the screen surface of the vibrating screen 2, and the smaller the forward pushing effect on the material on the screen surface. When the material distribution data indicates that the accumulation amount of the material on the screen surface has increased, the air outlet angle of the air outlet component 43 is decreased to accelerate the forward movement of the material on the screen surface. When the accumulation amount of the material on the screen surface has decreased, the air outlet angle of the air outlet component 43 is increased.

[0048] Through the above adjustments, the conveying and residence time of the vibrating screen 2 is adjusted according to the material accumulation state on the screen surface; the air outlet angle of the air outlet component 43 is actively adjusted according to the material accumulation state on the screen surface. When the accumulation increases, the air outlet angle is smaller, and the component of the airflow along the material movement direction increases accordingly, which enhances the forward pushing effect on the material on the screen surface and speeds up the material movement to relieve the accumulation.

[0049] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A peanut harvester cleaning mechanism with adaptive adjustment function, comprising a vibrating screen (2), a vibration drive mechanism (3), a fan mechanism (4), a return mechanism (8), a sensor group, and a controller mounted on the frame (1) of the harvester; the return mechanism (8) is located above the rear half of the vibrating screen (2); the front side of the vibrating screen (2) is hinged to the frame (1) via a front connecting rod (5); the vibration drive mechanism (3) is connected to the rear side of the frame (1); the fan mechanism (4) is located below the vibrating screen (2) and includes a fan body (41); characterized in that: An angle adjustment mechanism (6) is installed on the frame (1). The angle adjustment mechanism (6) includes a vertically arranged guide rail mechanism (61), a slider (62) that can slide along the guide rail mechanism (61), and a first oil cylinder (63) installed on the top of the guide rail mechanism (61) and connected to the slider (62). The rear side of the vibrating screen (2) is connected to the slider (62) through a rear connecting rod (7). The fan mechanism (4) also includes a bellows (42) connected to the fan body (41) and an air outlet component (43) located at the end of the bellows (42). The air outlet component (43) can rotate and translate relative to the frame (1) under the drive of the air outlet adjustment device (44). The controller can acquire angle data of the vibrating screen (2), the air outlet component (43) and the material distribution data of the screen surface through the sensor group, and can drive the first oil cylinder (63), the air outlet adjustment device (44), the vibration drive mechanism (3) and the fan body (41) to operate.

2. The peanut harvester cleaning mechanism with adaptive adjustment function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air outlet regulating device (44) includes a slide (441) and a second hydraulic cylinder (442); the slide (441) is slidably mounted on the frame (1), the air outlet component (43) is rotatably mounted on the slide (441), and the second hydraulic cylinder (442) connects the slide (441) and the frame (1). The air outlet regulating device (44) further includes a reference rod (444), which connects the frame (1) and the slider (62) so that when the vibrating screen (2) is in the middle position of vibration in the side view, the line connecting the hinge center of the screen (2) with the front connecting rod (5) and the rear connecting rod (7) is parallel to the main rod of the reference rod (444); an adjusting rod (443) is connected between the reference rod (444) and the air outlet component (43); the adjusting rod (443) is fixed relative to the air outlet component (43), and its extension direction is parallel to the air outlet direction of the air outlet component (43); the reference rod (444) has a reference shaft (445), and the adjusting rod (443) can rotate and slide relative to the reference shaft (445).

3. The peanut harvester cleaning mechanism with adaptive adjustment function according to claim 2, characterized in that, The sensor group includes a first wire displacement sensor and a second wire displacement sensor respectively installed on the first oil cylinder (63) and the second oil cylinder (442); the controller calculates the basic tilt angle of the vibrating screen (2) and the tilt angle of the air outlet component (43) based on the displacement data generated by the first wire displacement sensor and the second wire displacement sensor, according to the geometric relationship.

4. The peanut harvester cleaning mechanism with adaptive adjustment function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vibration drive mechanism (3) includes a vibrating screen motor (31), an eccentric wheel (32), and a drive arm (33). The two ends of the drive arm (33) are rotatably connected to the eccentric wheel (32) and the vibrating screen (2), respectively. The hinge axis between the drive arm (33) and the eccentric wheel (32) is offset from the rotation center of the eccentric wheel (32). The vibrating screen motor (31) establishes a drive connection with the eccentric wheel (32) through a chain transmission mechanism (34).

5. The peanut harvester cleaning mechanism with adaptive adjustment function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The material distribution data on the screen surface is obtained by multiple material detection devices (9) installed below the return mechanism (8); the material detection device (9) includes a swing rod (91) with its upper end hinged to the frame of the return mechanism (8), and a detection sensor (93) is provided between the swing rod (91) and the frame. The data collected by the detection sensor (93) can reflect the angle change of the swing rod (91); a roller (92) is rotatably installed at the lower end of the swing rod (91), and the roller (92) can contact the material on the screen surface of the vibrating screen (2); an elastic device (94) is also connected between the swing rod (91) and the frame.

6. An adjustment method for a peanut harvester cleaning mechanism with adaptive adjustment function as described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, Implemented by the controller, including: Step 1: Collect the basic tilt angle of the vibrating screen (2), the tilt angle of the air outlet component (43), and the material distribution data on the screen surface through the sensor group; Step 2: Based on the material distribution data on the screen surface, drive the first oil cylinder (63) to adjust the basic tilt angle of the vibrating screen (2) via the rear connecting rod (7), and simultaneously adjust the vibration frequency of the vibration drive mechanism (3); Step 3: Based on the basic tilt angle of the vibrating screen (2) and the material distribution data on the screen surface, adjust the air outlet angle of the air outlet component (43) based on the air outlet adjustment device (44), and adjust the rotation speed of the fan body (41) based on the material distribution data on the screen surface.

7. The adjustment method according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step two, when the material distribution data of the screen surface indicates that the material accumulation position of the screen surface has shifted backward or the accumulation amount has increased, the basic tilt angle of the vibrating screen (2) is increased and / or the vibration frequency of the vibration drive mechanism (3) is increased; in step three, the air outlet angle of the air outlet component (43) is actively adjusted according to the material distribution data of the screen surface: when the material distribution data of the screen surface indicates that the material accumulation amount of the screen surface has increased, the air outlet angle of the air outlet component (43) is decreased to accelerate the forward movement of the material on the screen surface, and when the material accumulation amount of the screen surface has decreased, the air outlet angle of the air outlet component (43) is increased.

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