Environment-friendly classification processing system for fireworks residues

Abstract

The application discloses an environment-friendly classification processing system for fireworks residues, and particularly relates to the technical field of fireworks residue processing, and comprises a humidity component sensing module, a humidity distribution map and a drug-containing component information are acquired; an anti-humidity sorting module, material agglomeration is separated according to the humidity distribution signal; a dynamic adjustment module, a humidity change rate is calculated and output; an escape interception module, a drug-containing component signal and a change rate are received, the drug-containing component is intercepted, and an interception residual error signal is output; a cause-and-effect feedback module, downstream abnormal signals and interception residual error signals are received, and a feedback correction value is generated; the humidity change rate is calculated through humidity component sensing and dynamic adjustment, the escape interception module actively intercepts high-risk components, and cross-process escape is reduced; the cause-and-effect feedback module comprehensively generates a feedback correction value by combining downstream abnormalities and interception residual errors, simultaneously adjusts a humidity discrimination threshold and a change rate response threshold, and forms closed-loop stable control.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fireworks residue treatment technology, and more specifically, to an environmentally friendly sorting and treatment system for fireworks residue. Background Technology

[0002] The residues produced after fireworks displays include paper scraps, plastics, metal particles, and unburned components such as perchlorates and aluminum powder containing pharmaceuticals. If these residues are directly discharged, perchlorates can migrate into water bodies and interfere with human thyroid function, while aluminum powder may slowly react in humid environments, releasing heat and producing hydrogen gas, posing safety and environmental risks. Therefore, environmentally friendly classification and treatment of fireworks residues, separating harmless from hazardous components, is a crucial issue in the field of solid waste management.

[0003] Various sorting and processing systems for fireworks residues have been disclosed in the prior art. Typical systems employ unit operations such as physical sieving, air separation, and chemical decomposition. Some systems also introduce dynamic adjustment technology, using sensors to detect the material state in real time and adjust sorting parameters to cope with changes in material composition.

[0004] In actual operation scenarios, the humidity of fireworks residue often changes drastically and unevenly due to uncontrollable factors such as sudden rain showers, morning dew, and sanitation washing. When humidity rises or falls rapidly, the adhesion and agglomeration of materials exhibit non-linear abrupt changes: fine explosive particles that could be separated by air separation at low humidity quickly clump together with paper scraps and plastic films when humidity exceeds a certain threshold, causing the dynamic adjustment system to fail to track this change in time, resulting in a significant decrease in sorting accuracy. Therefore, this invention proposes an environmentally friendly classification and processing system for fireworks residue to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: An environmentally friendly sorting and processing system for fireworks residue includes: The humidity component sensing module is used to acquire the real-time humidity distribution map and drug component information of the fireworks residue, and output the humidity distribution signal and drug component signal. The humidity component sensing module is initially set with a humidity discrimination threshold. The moisture-resistant sorting module physically separates materials that agglomerate due to humidity based on humidity distribution signals. The dynamic adjustment module is used to calculate the rate of change of the humidity distribution signal over time and output the rate of change. The dynamic adjustment module is initially set with a rate of change response threshold. The escape interception module receives the drug-containing component signal and the rate of change, respectively. Based on the combination of the two, it judges whether to actively intercept the transfer of the drug-containing component to the subsequent processing step, and outputs the interception residual signal. The interception residual signal indicates the amount of drug-containing component that was not intercepted and entered the subsequent processing step. The causal feedback module receives downstream abnormal signals and interception residual signals generated by subsequent processing steps. The downstream abnormal signals are generated by the monitoring unit built into the subsequent processing steps based on its own operating status. The causal feedback module generates a feedback correction value based on the comprehensive calculation of the downstream abnormal signals and the interception residual signals. The feedback correction value is used to simultaneously adjust the preset humidity discrimination threshold in the humidity component sensing module and the preset change rate response threshold in the dynamic adjustment module, thereby forming a closed-loop stable control.

[0006] In a preferred embodiment, the humidity component sensing module includes a microwave humidity sensor array and a spectral sensor array. The microwave humidity sensor array is used to generate a real-time humidity distribution map, and the spectral sensor array identifies the drug-containing component information by comparing the characteristic absorption peaks corresponding to pre-stored fireworks residues that cause environmental pollution and safety hazards.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment, the moisture-resistant sorting module includes a variable amplitude vibrating screen, a hydrophobic coated screen, and intermittent hot air nozzles. The surface contact angle of the hydrophobic coated screen is preset and fixed. The moisture-resistant sorting module dynamically adjusts the spray frequency of the hot air nozzles and the amplitude of the variable amplitude vibrating screen using a piecewise nonlinear proportional control function based on the proportion of the area where the humidity exceeds the humidity discrimination threshold in the humidity distribution signal. When the area proportion is less than the preset proportion, the spray frequency and the amplitude remain at the basic value. For every certain increase in the proportion, the spray frequency increases by a first proportion of the basic value and the amplitude increases by a second proportion of the basic amplitude.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment, the dynamic adjustment module calculates the rate of change of the humidity distribution signal over time using the following steps: Convert the real-time humidity distribution map into a grayscale matrix, and calculate the standard deviation of all elements in the grayscale matrix as the spatial dispersion. Calculate the difference in spatial dispersion between the current time and the previous sampling time, and divide the difference by the sampling time interval to obtain the rate of change of dispersion; The difference between the maximum and minimum humidity values ​​in the real-time humidity distribution map is calculated as the humidity range. The difference between the current humidity range and the humidity range at the previous sampling time is recorded. The difference is divided by the sampling time interval to obtain the range change rate. The square root of the sum of the squares of the rate of change of dispersion and the rate of change of range is taken as the rate of change.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, the escape interception module includes an air curtain generator and an electrostatic adsorption plate. The air curtain generator activates the airflow curtain when the intensity of the drug-containing component signal exceeds a preset quantitative threshold. The electrostatic adsorption plate applies a static voltage when the rate of change exceeds a rate of change response threshold to enhance the adsorption and interception of drug-containing particles under rapidly changing humidity. The interception residual signal is generated by a light scattering particle counter located at the entrance of the subsequent processing step, which measures the number of unintercepted drug-containing particles in real time.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, the monitoring unit built into the subsequent processing step includes a platinum resistance temperature sensor and a dual-electrode conductivity sensor. The downstream abnormal signal is the sum of the integral value of the measured temperature exceeding the preset upper temperature limit and the integral value of the measured conductivity exceeding the preset upper conductivity limit.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the causal feedback module generates a feedback correction value based on a comprehensive calculation of the downstream abnormal signal and the intercepted residual signal using the following steps: The first step is to subtract the preset target value of the downstream abnormal signal from the measured value of the downstream abnormal signal to obtain the signed abnormal deviation. The signed abnormal deviation is then divided by the first alarm threshold to obtain the abnormal intensity ratio. The abnormal intensity ratio is positive when the measured value is greater than the target value and negative when the measured value is less than the target value. The second step is to subtract the preset target value of the interception residual signal from the measured value of the interception residual signal to obtain the signed interception deviation. The signed interception deviation is then divided by the second alarm threshold to obtain the escape intensity ratio. The escape intensity ratio is positive when the measured value is greater than the target value and negative when the measured value is less than the target value. The third step is to multiply the anomaly intensity ratio by the escape intensity ratio to obtain a product term. When the product term is positive, it means that the anomaly and the escape direction are in the same direction and the feedback correction value needs to be increased. When it is negative, it means that the direction is opposite and the feedback correction value needs to be decreased. The fourth step is to multiply the product term by the feedback gain coefficient to obtain the preliminary correction value; The fifth step is to limit the initial correction value to between the preset minimum negative value and maximum positive value, and output it as the feedback correction value.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, the humidity discrimination threshold is based on a pre-trained piecewise linear table of temperature, which takes ambient temperature as input and outputs the corresponding upper limit of humidity; the rate of change response threshold includes two independent values: an upper limit of the rate of increase and a lower limit of the rate of decrease. The feedback correction value simultaneously adjusts the upper limit of humidity, the upper limit of the rate of increase, and the lower limit of the rate of decrease for each temperature point in the temperature piecewise linear table. The adjustment method is to multiply the feedback correction value by the corresponding proportional coefficient and then add it to the original threshold. The corresponding proportional coefficients take different constant values ​​for the upper limit of humidity, the upper limit of the rate of increase, and the lower limit of the rate of decrease. When the feedback correction value is positive, the threshold increases; when it is negative, the threshold decreases; and when it is zero, the threshold remains unchanged.

[0013] The technical effects and advantages of this invention are as follows: This invention acquires real-time humidity distribution maps and drug-containing component information through a humidity component sensing module, and calculates the humidity change rate using a dynamic adjustment module. This enables the escape interception module to actively intercept high-risk components based on both the drug-containing component signal and the change rate, thereby effectively suppressing separation failures caused by drastic humidity fluctuations. Compared with existing technologies, this invention can identify abrupt changes in the adhesion and agglomeration states of materials in advance, preventing drug-containing components from entering downstream processes with incorrectly sorted materials, and significantly reducing the cross-process escape of hazardous substances such as perchlorate and aluminum powder.

[0014] In this invention, the causal feedback module receives downstream abnormal signals generated by subsequent processing steps and interception residual signals output by the escape interception module. Based on the comprehensive calculation of these two signals, a feedback correction value is generated. This feedback correction value simultaneously adjusts the preset humidity discrimination threshold in the humidity component sensing module and the preset rate of change response threshold in the dynamic adjustment module, forming a closed-loop stable control. This mechanism overcomes the hysteresis defect of traditional systems that rely solely on single-point threshold alarms. It links downstream abnormal states such as excessive temperature and high conductivity with the local interception residual, and achieves cross-process causal compensation by adaptively correcting upstream sensing and adjustment parameters.

[0015] In this invention, the anti-humidity sorting module physically separates materials agglomerated due to humidity based on humidity distribution signals, while the escape interception module actively intercepts materials based on a combination of drug component signals and change rates. The two modules work together to maintain stable sorting efficiency across the entire humidity range. This invention intervenes in localized moist agglomerates through the spatial resolution of the humidity distribution map and the temporal prediction capability of the change rate, reducing blind spots in material perception. Simultaneously, continuous adjustment via closed-loop feedback allows the system to adapt to the characteristics of fireworks residues in different regions, seasons, and intensities, eliminating the need for frequent manual calibration and significantly reducing maintenance costs. Furthermore, it ensures that the effluent quality and exhaust emissions consistently meet environmental standards during long-term operation. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings; Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an environmentally friendly sorting and treatment system for fireworks residues according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] Reference Figure 1 The following examples were obtained: Example 1: An environmentally friendly sorting and processing system for fireworks residue, comprising: The humidity component sensing module is used to acquire the real-time humidity distribution map and drug component information of the fireworks residue, and output the humidity distribution signal and drug component signal. The humidity component sensing module is initially set with a humidity discrimination threshold. The moisture-resistant sorting module physically separates materials that agglomerate due to humidity based on humidity distribution signals. The dynamic adjustment module is used to calculate the rate of change of the humidity distribution signal over time and adjust the separation parameters of the humidity-resistant sorting module according to the rate of change. At the same time, it outputs the rate of change. The dynamic adjustment module is initially set with a rate of change response threshold. The escape interception module receives the drug-containing component signal and the rate of change, respectively. Based on the combination of the two, it judges whether to actively intercept the transfer of the drug-containing component to the subsequent processing step, and outputs the interception residual signal. The interception residual signal indicates the amount of drug-containing component that was not intercepted and entered the subsequent processing step. The causal feedback module receives downstream abnormal signals and interception residual signals generated by subsequent processing steps. The downstream abnormal signals are generated by the monitoring unit built into the subsequent processing steps based on its own operating status. The causal feedback module generates a feedback correction value based on the comprehensive calculation of the downstream abnormal signals and the interception residual signals. The feedback correction value is used to simultaneously adjust the preset humidity discrimination threshold in the humidity component sensing module and the preset change rate response threshold in the dynamic adjustment module, thereby forming a closed-loop stable control.

[0019] The humidity component sensing module includes a microwave humidity sensor array and a spectral sensor array. The microwave humidity sensor array is used to generate a real-time humidity distribution map. The sampling frequency of the microwave humidity sensor array can be set to ten times per second according to the equipment manual to form a two-dimensional grid-like humidity distribution map. For example, in the mixed garbage after a concentrated fireworks display, if the array detects that the humidity in the left area is 40% and the humidity in the right area is 12%, then the corresponding grayscale distribution map will be generated.

[0020] The spectral sensor array identifies the explosive components by comparing them with pre-stored characteristic absorption peaks corresponding to fireworks residues that cause environmental pollution and safety hazards. The operating wavelength range of the spectral sensor array can be set from 900 nanometers to 1700 nanometers based on experimental data. Pre-stored characteristic absorption peaks include, for example, the absorption peak of perchlorate at 1120 nanometers and the reflection peak of aluminum powder at 1350 nanometers. For instance, if the spectral sensor array detects an absorption peak at 1120 nanometers, it identifies the explosive component as perchlorate; if it detects a reflection peak at 1350 nanometers, it identifies the explosive component as aluminum powder. The actual fireworks residues causing environmental pollution and safety hazards are determined based on the components produced during the fireworks manufacturing process.

[0021] The moisture-resistant sorting module uses humidity distribution signals to physically separate materials that agglomerate due to humidity. The moisture-resistant sorting module includes a variable amplitude vibrating screen, a hydrophobic coated screen, and intermittent hot air nozzles. The surface contact angle of the hydrophobic coated screen is preset and fixed. The surface contact angle can be set to 15 degrees based on empirical values, for example, when the humidity is below 30%, the material will not adhere to the screen surface.

[0022] The humidity-resistant sorting module dynamically adjusts the spray frequency of the hot air nozzles and the amplitude of the variable-amplitude vibrating screen using a piecewise nonlinear proportional control function based on the proportion of areas with humidity exceeding the humidity discrimination threshold in the humidity distribution signal. The humidity discrimination threshold is set according to experimental data as an upper limit of 30% when the ambient temperature is 20 degrees Celsius. For example, if the humidity distribution map shows that the area with humidity exceeding 30% accounts for 12% of the total area of ​​the map at a certain moment, then the area proportion is 12%.

[0023] When the area occupies less than a preset percentage, the spray frequency and amplitude remain at the baseline values. The preset percentage is set to 10% based on experience, and the baseline values ​​are set according to the equipment manual: a hot air nozzle spray frequency of 30 times per minute and a baseline amplitude of 2 millimeters. For example, if the area occupies 8% of the area, the spray frequency remains at 30 times per minute and the amplitude remains at 2 millimeters.

[0024] When the area percentage increases by a certain percentage, the spray frequency increases by a first percentage of the base value, and the amplitude increases by a second percentage of the base amplitude. The first percentage is set to 5% based on experimental data, the second percentage is set to 20% based on experience, and the third percentage is set to 10% based on experience. For example, if the area percentage increases from 8% to 13%, the spray frequency increases by 20% of the base value, i.e., six times per minute, becoming 36 times per minute; the amplitude increases by 10% of the base amplitude, i.e., 0.2 mm, becoming 2.2 mm. If the percentage continues to increase by 5% to reach 18%, another increase is made, and the spray frequency becomes 42 times per minute, and the amplitude becomes 2.4 mm. The piecewise nonlinear proportional control function uses different gains in different percentage ranges. For example, the gain is 20% in the 10% to 15% range, and can be adjusted to 15% in the 15% to 20% range, specifically calibrated based on experimental data.

[0025] The dynamic adjustment module calculates the rate of change of humidity distribution signal over time using the following steps: The real-time humidity distribution map is converted into a grayscale matrix. Each element of the grayscale matrix corresponds to the normalized grayscale value of the humidity value at a location in the real-time humidity distribution map. For example, zero percent humidity corresponds to a grayscale value of zero, and one hundred percent humidity corresponds to a grayscale value of two hundred and fifty-five.

[0026] The standard deviation of all elements in a grayscale matrix is ​​calculated as the spatial dispersion. The standard deviation reflects the degree of spatial non-uniformity of humidity and is calculated according to the definition in statistical mathematics. For example, the element values ​​of a 3x3 grayscale matrix are [10,12,11;9,13,10;11,10,12]. Its mean is 10.88, the sum of the squares of the differences between each element and the mean is approximately 10.22, the variance is approximately 1.14 after dividing by 9, and the standard deviation after taking the square root is approximately 1.07.

[0027] Calculate the difference in spatial dispersion between the current time and the previous sampling time, and divide the difference by the sampling time interval to obtain the rate of change of dispersion. The sampling time interval is set according to the sampling frequency of the humidity component sensing module, which is ten times per second according to the equipment manual; therefore, the sampling time interval is 0.1 seconds. If the standard deviation at the current time is 1.07 and the standard deviation at the previous sampling time is 0.95, the difference is 0.12, and the rate of change of dispersion is 0.12 divided by 0.1, which gives 1.2 per second.

[0028] The difference between the maximum and minimum humidity values ​​on the real-time humidity distribution map is calculated as the humidity range, which represents the magnitude of humidity variation throughout the detection area. For example, if the maximum humidity value on the current real-time humidity distribution map is 45% and the minimum humidity value is 12%, then the humidity range is 33%.

[0029] Record the difference between the current humidity range and the humidity range at the previous sampling time. Divide the difference by the sampling time interval to obtain the range change rate. If the current range is 33 percent and the previous range is 30 percent, then the difference is 3 percent. Divide the difference by 0.1 seconds to get the range change rate of 30 percent per second.

[0030] The square root of the sum of the squares of the rate of change of dispersion and the rate of change of range is taken as the rate of change. Continuing with the previous example, the rate of change of dispersion is 1.2 per second, and its square is 1.44; the rate of change of range is 30 percent per second, or 0.3, and its square is 0.09; the sum of squares is 1.53, and the square root is approximately 1.24. Therefore, the rate of change is 1.24 per second. The rate of change is dimensionless and is used by the escape interception module to determine whether to apply static voltage.

[0031] The escape interception module includes an air curtain generator and an electrostatic adsorption plate. The air curtain generator activates the airflow curtain when the intensity of the drug-containing component signal exceeds a preset quantitative threshold. The preset quantitative threshold is set according to experimental data as 10 milligrams per cubic meter corresponding to the drug-containing component signal intensity. For example, when the spectral sensor array identifies an aluminum powder signal intensity of 15 milligrams per cubic meter, the air curtain generator sprays compressed air to form an airflow curtain spanning the conveyor belt, blocking the forward movement of the drug-containing particles.

[0032] When the rate of change is below the lower limit of the rate of decrease response threshold, an electrostatic voltage is applied to the electrostatic adsorption plate to enhance the adsorption and interception of drug-containing particles under dry conditions. The lower limit of the rate of decrease is set empirically to -3% per minute (approximately -0.0005 per second). For example, when humidity decreases rapidly, the dry particle surface is prone to charging; applying a 10,000-volt electrostatic voltage can adsorb charged particles onto the plate surface. When the rate of change exceeds the upper limit of the rate of increase response threshold, it indicates a rapid increase in humidity. At this time, the electrostatic adsorption plate is not activated; instead, a secondary correction is performed on the spray frequency of the hot air nozzles in the anti-humidity sorting module. Specifically: Based on piecewise nonlinear proportional control according to the proportion of area where humidity exceeds the humidity threshold, a third proportionality is linearly added according to the absolute value of the difference between the rate of change and the upper limit of the rate of increase. The third proportionality is calibrated based on experimental data as follows: The third proportional coefficient K3 is set to be equal to the absolute value of the difference divided by the maximum allowable rate deviation, and then multiplied by the maximum additional proportion. The maximum allowable rate deviation is set to 20% per minute according to the equipment manual, and the maximum additional proportion is set to 50% of the base value based on experience. For example, when the rate of change is 10% per minute and the upper limit of the rising rate is 5% per minute, the difference is 5% per minute. K3 is 5% divided by 20% and then multiplied by 50%, which equals 12.5%, meaning the spray frequency is increased by 12.5% ​​of the base value. During calibration, the residual signal can be intercepted downstream, and the K3 value that minimizes the residual can be selected as the final value. The typical K3 value range is 5% to 30% of the base value. Correction is triggered only when the rate of change exceeds the upper limit of the rising rate and does not change the original triggering logic of the electrostatic adsorption plate.

[0033] The interception residual signal is generated in real time by a light scattering particle counter located at the entrance of the subsequent processing step, which measures the number of unintercepted drug-containing particles. The light scattering particle counter is set to detect particle size range greater than one micrometer according to the equipment manual. For example, if the counter detects fifty drug-containing particles passing through its detection area within one minute, the interception residual signal value is fifty particles per minute.

[0034] The monitoring units built into the subsequent processing steps include a platinum resistance temperature sensor and a dual-electrode conductivity sensor. The platinum resistance temperature sensor, according to the equipment manual, has a measurement range of -50°C to +200°C and is used to monitor the temperature of the solution in the subsequent processing steps in real time. The dual-electrode conductivity sensor, according to the equipment manual, has an electrode constant of 1.0 per centimeter and is used to monitor the conductivity of the solution in real time.

[0035] The downstream abnormal signal is the sum of the integral of the measured temperature exceeding the preset upper temperature limit and the integral of the measured conductivity exceeding the preset upper conductivity limit. The preset upper temperature limit is set at 60 degrees Celsius according to the equipment safety manual. For example, if the measured temperature is 65 degrees Celsius and lasts for 10 seconds, the excess value is 5 degrees Celsius. The integral of the excess value over time is 5 degrees Celsius multiplied by 10 seconds, which equals 50 degrees Celsius per second. The preset upper conductivity limit is set at 5,000 microsiemens per centimeter according to environmental emission standards. For example, if the measured conductivity is 6,000 microsiemens per centimeter and lasts for 5 seconds, the excess value is 1,000 microsiemens per centimeter. The integral of the excess value over time is 1,000 microsiemens per centimeter multiplied by 5 seconds, which equals 5,000 microsiemens per centimeter per second. Therefore, the downstream abnormal signal value is 50 degrees Celsius per second plus 5,000 microsiemens per centimeter per second, which is 5050 (units are combined and dimensionless or composite units are retained). If the measured temperature does not exceed the preset upper temperature limit, the integral value is partially zero; similarly, the conductivity part is also zero.

[0036] The causal feedback module generates feedback correction values ​​based on a comprehensive calculation of downstream abnormal signals and intercepted residual signals using the following steps: The first step is to subtract the preset target value of the downstream abnormal signal from the measured value of the downstream abnormal signal to obtain the signed abnormal deviation. The preset target value is set to zero based on the statistical results of normal operating conditions, for example, under ideal conditions, the temperature and conductivity are not exceeded. If the measured value of the downstream abnormal signal is fifty, then the abnormal deviation is fifty. The signed abnormal deviation is divided by the first alarm threshold to obtain the abnormal intensity ratio. The first alarm threshold is set to one hundred based on the environmental emission limit, so the abnormal intensity ratio is fifty divided by one hundred, which equals 0.5. When the measured value is greater than the target value, the abnormal intensity ratio is positive; when the measured value is less than the target value, the abnormal intensity ratio is negative.

[0037] The second step involves subtracting the preset target value of the intercepted residual signal from the measured value of the intercepted residual signal to obtain the signed interception deviation. The preset target value of the intercepted residual signal is set to zero according to process requirements, for example, ideally, no drug-containing particles escape. If the measured value of the intercepted residual signal is thirty, then the interception deviation is thirty. Dividing the signed interception deviation by the second alarm threshold yields the escape intensity ratio. The second alarm threshold is set to one hundred according to safety standards, so the escape intensity ratio is thirty divided by one hundred, resulting in 0.3. When the measured value is greater than the target value, the escape intensity ratio is positive; when the measured value is less than the target value, the escape intensity ratio is negative.

[0038] The third step is to multiply the anomaly intensity ratio by the escape intensity ratio to obtain a product term. When the product term is positive, it means that the anomaly and escape directions are in the same direction and the feedback correction value needs to be increased. When it is negative, it means that the directions are opposite and the feedback correction value needs to be decreased. Continuing with the previous example, the product term is 0.5 multiplied by 0.3 to get 0.15, which is positive.

[0039] The fourth step is to multiply the product term by the feedback gain coefficient to obtain the preliminary correction value. The feedback gain coefficient is set based on experimental data that compromises between the system's closed-loop stability requirements and response speed. Specifically, through step response testing, when the gain coefficient is two, the system overshoot is less than 15%, the settling time is less than 30 seconds, and no oscillation occurs. The typical value range is 1.5 to 2.5. In this embodiment, a value of two is used, so the preliminary correction value is 0.15 multiplied by two, which equals 0.3.

[0040] The fifth step involves limiting the initial correction value to between a preset minimum negative value and a preset maximum positive value, and outputting this as the feedback correction value. The preset minimum negative value is set to -10 based on the system's allowed reverse adjustment range, and the maximum positive value is set to 10, for example, determined based on the physical limit of the actuator (threshold adjustment step size). Since 0.3 is within the range, the feedback correction value is 0.3. If the initial correction value is -15, then -10 is used; if it is +12, then 10 is used.

[0041] The humidity discrimination threshold is based on a pre-trained piecewise linear table of temperature. The table takes the ambient temperature as input and outputs the corresponding upper limit value of humidity. The pre-training process of the piecewise linear table of temperature is as follows: Critical adhesion humidity data of fireworks residues were collected under different ambient temperatures. Critical adhesion humidity is defined as the humidity value at which the material begins to show obvious agglomeration, and this was obtained experimentally. For example, the critical adhesion humidity was 40% at 10 degrees Celsius, 30% at 20 degrees Celsius, 20% at 30 degrees Celsius, and 15% at 35 degrees Celsius. These discrete points were connected using piecewise linear interpolation to form a piecewise linear temperature table. When the ambient temperature was 25 degrees Celsius, the upper limit of humidity was calculated to be 25% through interpolation. The temperature range of the table was set from -10 degrees Celsius to 50 degrees Celsius based on the equipment's operating environment; values ​​outside this range were taken as boundary values.

[0042] The rate of change response threshold includes two independent values: an upper limit for the rate of increase and a lower limit for the rate of decrease. The upper limit for the rate of increase is set to 5% per minute based on experience, and the lower limit for the rate of decrease is set to -3% per minute. For example, when the rate of change of humidity is 6% per minute, it exceeds the upper limit for the rate of increase, and when it is -4% per minute, it is below the lower limit for the rate of decrease.

[0043] The feedback correction value simultaneously adjusts the upper limit of humidity, the upper limit of the rate of increase, and the lower limit of the rate of decrease for each temperature point in the piecewise linear temperature table. The adjustment method involves multiplying the feedback correction value by the corresponding proportional coefficient and then adding it to the original threshold. The corresponding proportional coefficient takes different constant values ​​for the upper limit of humidity, the upper limit of the rate of increase, and the lower limit of the rate of decrease. The corresponding proportional coefficients are determined experimentally based on the sensitivity of each threshold to system stability. The proportional coefficient for the upper limit of humidity is set to 0.1 based on experimental data; that is, for every 1 unit change in the feedback correction value, the upper limit of humidity changes by 0.1. The corresponding proportional coefficient for the upper limit of the rate of increase is set to 0.05 based on empirical values, and the corresponding proportional coefficient for the lower limit of the rate of decrease is set to 0.02. When the feedback correction value is positive, the threshold increases; when it is negative, the threshold decreases; and when it is zero, the threshold remains unchanged.

[0044] For example, the initial upper limit of humidity at 20 degrees Celsius is 30%, the feedback correction value is 0.3, multiplied by the corresponding proportional coefficient 0.1, resulting in 0.03. After summing, the new upper limit of humidity is 30.03%. The initial upper limit of the rate of increase is 5% per minute, the feedback correction value of 0.3 multiplied by 0.05 equals 0.015, and the new upper limit is 5.015% per minute. The initial lower limit of the rate of decrease is -3% per minute, the feedback correction value of 0.3 multiplied by 0.02 equals 0.006, and the new lower limit is -2.994% per minute. If the feedback correction value is -0.5, then each threshold will decrease accordingly. Through closed-loop adjustment, the system can adaptively maintain stable classification processing.

[0045] The above-mentioned models or function formulas are all dimensionless and numerical calculations. The models or function formulas are obtained by software simulation based on a large amount of collected data to obtain the most recent real situation. The preset parameters in the models or function formulas are set by those skilled in the art according to the actual situation.

[0046] It should be understood that in the various embodiments of this application, the order of the above-mentioned processes does not imply the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of this application.

[0047] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0048] Those skilled in the art will understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the systems, devices, and units described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0049] The above are merely specific embodiments of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An environmentally friendly sorting and processing system for fireworks residue, characterized in that, include: The humidity component sensing module is used to acquire the real-time humidity distribution map and drug component information of the fireworks residue, and output the humidity distribution signal and drug component signal. The humidity component sensing module is initially set with a humidity discrimination threshold. The moisture-resistant sorting module physically separates materials that agglomerate due to humidity based on humidity distribution signals. The dynamic adjustment module is used to calculate the rate of change of the humidity distribution signal over time and output the rate of change. The dynamic adjustment module is initially set with a rate of change response threshold. The escape interception module receives the drug-containing component signal and the rate of change, respectively. Based on the combination of the two, it judges the transfer of the drug-containing component to the subsequent processing step and outputs the interception residual signal, which indicates the amount of drug-containing component that was not intercepted and entered the subsequent processing step. The causal feedback module receives downstream abnormal signals and interception residual signals generated by subsequent processing steps. The downstream abnormal signals are generated by the monitoring unit built into the subsequent processing steps based on its own operating status. The causal feedback module generates a feedback correction value based on the comprehensive calculation of the downstream abnormal signals and the interception residual signals. The feedback correction value is used to simultaneously adjust the humidity discrimination threshold in the humidity component sensing module and the change rate response threshold in the dynamic adjustment module, thereby forming a closed-loop stable control.

2. The environmentally friendly sorting and treatment system for fireworks residue according to claim 1, characterized in that, The humidity component sensing module includes a microwave humidity sensor array and a spectral sensor array. The microwave humidity sensor array is used to generate a real-time humidity distribution map, and the spectral sensor array identifies the drug-containing component information by comparing the characteristic absorption peaks corresponding to fireworks residues that cause environmental pollution and safety hazards with pre-stored data.

3. The environmentally friendly sorting and treatment system for fireworks residue according to claim 2, characterized in that, The moisture-resistant sorting module includes a variable amplitude vibrating screen, a hydrophobic coated screen, and intermittent hot air nozzles. The surface contact angle of the hydrophobic coated screen is preset and fixed. The moisture-resistant sorting module dynamically adjusts the spray frequency of the hot air nozzles and the amplitude of the variable amplitude vibrating screen using a piecewise nonlinear proportional control function based on the proportion of the area where the humidity exceeds the humidity discrimination threshold in the humidity distribution signal. When the area proportion is less than the preset proportion, the spray frequency and amplitude remain at the base value. For every increase in the proportion, the spray frequency increases by the first proportion of the base value and the amplitude increases by the second proportion of the base amplitude.

4. The environmentally friendly sorting and treatment system for fireworks residues according to claim 3, characterized in that, The dynamic adjustment module calculates the rate of change of humidity distribution signal over time using the following steps: Convert the real-time humidity distribution map into a grayscale matrix, and calculate the standard deviation of all elements in the grayscale matrix as the spatial dispersion. Calculate the difference in spatial dispersion between the current time and the previous sampling time, and divide the difference by the sampling time interval to obtain the rate of change of dispersion; The difference between the maximum and minimum humidity values ​​in the real-time humidity distribution map is calculated as the humidity range. The difference between the current humidity range and the humidity range at the previous sampling time is recorded. The difference is divided by the sampling time interval to obtain the range change rate. The square root of the sum of the squares of the rate of change of dispersion and the rate of change of range is taken as the rate of change.

5. The environmentally friendly sorting and treatment system for fireworks residues according to claim 4, characterized in that, The escape interception module includes an air curtain generator and an electrostatic adsorption plate. The air curtain generator activates the airflow curtain when the intensity of the drug-containing component signal exceeds a preset quantitative threshold. The electrostatic adsorption plate applies static voltage when the rate of change exceeds the rate of change response threshold. The interception residual signal is generated by measuring the number of unintercepted drug-containing particles in real time at the inlet of the subsequent processing step.

6. The environmentally friendly sorting and treatment system for fireworks residue according to claim 5, characterized in that, The downstream abnormal signal generated by the subsequent processing steps refers to the sum of the integral value of the measured temperature exceeding the preset upper temperature limit and the integral value of the measured conductivity exceeding the preset upper conductivity limit.

7. The environmentally friendly sorting and treatment system for fireworks residues according to claim 6, characterized in that, The causal feedback module generates feedback correction values ​​based on a comprehensive calculation of downstream abnormal signals and intercepted residual signals using the following steps: The first step is to subtract the preset target value of the downstream abnormal signal from the measured value of the downstream abnormal signal to obtain the signed abnormal deviation, and then divide the signed abnormal deviation by the first alarm threshold to obtain the abnormal intensity ratio. The second step is to subtract the preset target value of the interception residual signal from the measured value of the interception residual signal to obtain the signed interception deviation, and then divide the signed interception deviation by the second alarm threshold to obtain the escape intensity ratio. The third step is to multiply the anomaly intensity ratio by the escape intensity ratio to obtain the product term; The fourth step is to multiply the product term by the feedback gain coefficient to obtain the preliminary correction value; The fifth step is to limit the initial correction value to between the preset minimum negative value and maximum positive value, and output it as the feedback correction value.

8. The environmentally friendly sorting and treatment system for fireworks residues according to claim 7, characterized in that, The humidity discrimination threshold is based on a pre-trained piecewise linear table of temperature, which takes ambient temperature as input and outputs the corresponding upper limit of humidity; the rate of change response threshold includes two independent values: the upper limit of the rate of increase and the lower limit of the rate of decrease. The feedback correction value simultaneously adjusts the upper limit of humidity, the upper limit of the rate of increase, and the lower limit of the rate of decrease for each temperature point in the temperature piecewise linear table. The adjustment method is to multiply the feedback correction value by the corresponding proportional coefficient and then add it to the original threshold. The corresponding proportional coefficients take different constant values ​​for the upper limit of humidity, the upper limit of the rate of increase, and the lower limit of the rate of decrease. When the feedback correction value is positive, the threshold increases; when it is negative, the threshold decreases; and when it is zero, the threshold remains unchanged.

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