Automatic cleaning device for solar photovoltaic module

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic module cleaning device, in particular to a solar photovoltaic module automatic cleaning device, which comprises a driving part and a cleaning part, the driving part comprises a self-walking vehicle body, the cleaning part comprises a shell, the self-walking vehicle body and the shell are fixedly connected through a connecting rod, and a spraying and soaking assembly, a layer-by-layer scraping assembly and a cleaning assembly are sequentially installed on the bottom of the shell along the advancing direction of the self-walking vehicle body; through the cooperation of the spraying and soaking assembly, the layer-by-layer scraping assembly and the cleaning assembly, multiple cleaning of the surface stains of the photovoltaic module is realized, that is, spraying removes floating dust, and at the same time, soaking removes stubborn stains; then, the stubborn stains are scraped layer by layer, so as to avoid scratching the surface of the photovoltaic module due to direct scraping; finally, the photovoltaic module is deeply cleaned through a rolling brush, so that the complex cleaning condition of the photovoltaic module surface existing with multiple different impurities is adapted, and the photovoltaic module is protected from being damaged while being cleaned.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic module cleaning devices, specifically an automatic cleaning device for solar photovoltaic modules. Background Technology

[0002] The photoelectric conversion efficiency of solar photovoltaic (PV) modules directly affects the power generation of a power station. Because PV modules are exposed to the outdoor environment for a long time, impurities such as dust, bird droppings, pollen, and industrial pollutants in the air will continuously accumulate on the surface of the modules. These surface stains will block sunlight, thus significantly reducing the power generation of the modules. At the same time, local dust blockage may lead to hot spot effects, causing permanent damage such as local burn-out of PV cells, melting of solder joints, and aging of encapsulation materials, posing safety hazards. Therefore, regular and effective cleaning of PV modules is a key link in ensuring the stable and efficient operation of PV power stations.

[0003] Currently, there are already automated cleaning devices for photovoltaic modules. Most of these devices use a combination of mechanical structures such as roller brushes and scrapers with a spray system. This type of automated cleaning equipment significantly improves cleaning efficiency and reduces manual operation. However, these existing technologies still have many shortcomings: for stubborn stains such as bird droppings and dried mud, conventional roller brush and scraper cleaning methods are difficult to remove them effectively. Existing technologies do not have effective means of judging these stains. If they are forcibly scraped off, the stain particles are easily rolled into the roller brush and scraper. At this time, there are a large number of particles between the roller brush / scraper and the photovoltaic module. When the roller brush and scraper move again, they will carry the particles to scratch the surface of the photovoltaic module, causing damage to the photovoltaic module.

[0004] Therefore, the present invention provides an automatic cleaning device for solar photovoltaic modules. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, at least one technical problem raised in the background art is solved.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is as follows: The automatic cleaning device for solar photovoltaic modules of the present invention includes a driving unit and a cleaning unit. The driving unit includes a self-propelled vehicle body, and the cleaning unit includes a housing. The self-propelled vehicle body and the housing are fixedly connected by a connecting rod. A spray wetting component, a layer-by-layer scraping component, and a cleaning component are sequentially installed on the bottom of the housing along the forward direction of the self-propelled vehicle body. The spray wetting component is used to spray clean water to clean the photovoltaic module and to wet the stains. The layer-by-layer scraping component is used to scrape the stains from the photovoltaic module layer by layer. The cleaning component is used to perform a secondary cleaning of the photovoltaic module after the stains have been scraped off. Through the combined use of the spray wetting component, the layer-by-layer scraping component, and the cleaning component, multiple cleaning of the stains on the surface of the photovoltaic module is achieved, namely, spraying to remove floating dust and wetting stubborn stains.

[0007] Preferably, the spray wetting assembly includes a water spray plate, a sponge block is fixedly attached to the bottom surface of the water spray plate, and multiple water supply pipes are fixedly attached to the top surface of the water spray plate. A water supply assembly is installed at the top of the multiple water supply pipes. The water supply assembly is used to intermittently supply water to the inside of the water supply pipes. An angle adjustment assembly is also installed on both sides of the water spray plate. The angle adjustment assembly is used to adjust the angle of the water spray plate and improve the applicability of the device.

[0008] Preferably, the angle adjustment assembly includes transmission rods fixedly connected to both sides of the spray plate, and a rotating seat is rotatably connected to the side of each of the two transmission rods that are close to each other. A limit shaft is slidably connected inside the end of the transmission rod away from the spray plate. An electric telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the limit shaft. The rotating seat and the electric telescopic rod are both fixedly connected to the housing.

[0009] Preferably, the water supply assembly includes a diversion pipe, the bottom end of which is fixedly connected to the top ends of multiple water supply pipes and the housing. The housing has a flow channel inside, and the diversion pipe communicates with the multiple water supply pipes through the flow channel. A plate valve is fixedly connected to the end of the diversion pipe away from the housing. An infusion pipe is fixedly connected to the side of the plate valve away from the diversion pipe, and the infusion pipe is connected to an external water supply tether. A transmission assembly is installed at the bottom end of the plate valve, and the transmission assembly is connected to a transmission rod. The transmission assembly is used to synchronously adjust the opening and closing degree of the plate valve when the transmission rod drives the water spray plate to adjust the angle.

[0010] Preferably, the transmission assembly includes a guide rod fixed between a pair of transmission rods, a lifting rod rotatably connected to the middle of the guide rod, a connecting block rotatably connected to the top of the lifting rod, and the connecting block being fixedly connected to the valve plate inside the plate valve.

[0011] Preferably, the layer-by-layer scraping assembly includes a pair of limiting rollers, one of which has an externally mounted drive structure, and a rotating belt is jointly mounted on the outside of the pair of limiting rollers. Multiple mounting blocks are fixedly connected to the outside of the rotating belt, and a liftable scraper is mounted on the bottom end of each mounting block.

[0012] Preferably, a support rod is fixedly connected to the top of the scraper, and a connecting rod is threadedly connected to the top of the support rod.

[0013] Preferably, the connecting rod is rotatably connected to the inside of the mounting block by a torsion spring. The top end of the connecting rod has a groove, and the top end of the connecting rod and both sides of the groove have chamfers. The top end of the connecting rod is provided with a limit block, and the top end of the limit block is equipped with a limit force adjustment component. Contact switches are installed inside the mounting block and on both sides of the top end of the connecting rod.

[0014] Preferably, the limiting force adjustment component includes a squeezing block, a pressure spring is installed between the squeezing block and the limiting block, a sliding groove is provided inside the mounting block, the squeezing block and the limiting block are slidably connected inside the sliding groove, and an adjustment knob is fixedly connected to the top of the squeezing block, the adjustment knob is threadedly connected to the mounting block.

[0015] Preferably, a camera assembly is rotatably connected to the side of the self-propelled vehicle body near the housing.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. The automatic cleaning device for solar photovoltaic modules described in this invention achieves multiple cleaning processes for surface stains of photovoltaic modules through the combined use of spraying and wetting the modules, scraping the modules layer by layer, and cleaning the modules. Specifically, spraying removes floating dust while wetting stubborn stains; then scraping away stubborn stains layer by layer, avoiding direct scraping that could cause stain particles to scratch the surface of the photovoltaic modules; finally, a roller brush completes a deep cleaning of the photovoltaic modules, thus adapting to complex cleaning situations where multiple different impurities exist on the surface of the photovoltaic modules, while protecting the photovoltaic modules from damage during cleaning.

[0017] 2. The automatic cleaning device for solar photovoltaic modules described in this invention addresses the issue that when stubborn stains appear, simply relying on pre-spraying is insufficient to effectively wet the stains. In this case, the angle adjustment component operates, causing the spray plate to move downwards until the sponge block adheres to the surface of the photovoltaic module. At this point, the moistened sponge block will cover the stubborn stains, providing a complete enveloping wettability. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the shell structure in this invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the water spray plate in this invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sponge block in this invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating belt structure in this invention; Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the mounting block in this invention; In the diagram: 1. Self-propelled vehicle body; 2. Shell; 3. Spray immersion assembly; 301. Spray plate; 302. Sponge block; 303. Water supply pipe; 304. Transmission rod; 305. Rotating seat; 306. Electric telescopic rod; 307. Limiting shaft; 308. Diverter pipe; 309. Plate valve; 310. Infusion pipe; 311. Guide rod; 312. Lifting rod; 313. Connecting block; 4. Layer-by-layer scraping assembly; 401. Limiting roller; 402. Rotating belt; 403. Mounting block; 404. Scraper; 405. Support rod; 406. Connecting rod; 407. Limiting block; 408. Contact switch; 409. Pressure spring; 410. Squeezing block; 411. Adjusting knob; 5. Cleaning assembly; 6. Camera assembly. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of this invention easier to understand, the invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0021] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown in the embodiment of the present invention, an automatic cleaning device for solar photovoltaic modules includes a drive unit and a cleaning unit. The drive unit includes a self-propelled vehicle body 1, and the cleaning unit includes a housing 2. The self-propelled vehicle body 1 and the housing 2 are fixedly connected by a connecting rod. At the bottom of the housing 2, along the forward direction of the self-propelled vehicle body 1, a spray wetting component 3, a layer-by-layer scraping component 4, and a cleaning component 5 are sequentially installed. The spray wetting component 3 is used to spray clean water to clean the photovoltaic module and wet the stains. The layer-by-layer scraping component 4 is used to scrape the stains off the photovoltaic module layer by layer. The cleaning component 5 is used to perform a secondary cleaning on the photovoltaic module after the stains have been scraped off. In practical use, the cleaning component 5 can be configured as a roller with bristles or other rollers with cleaning capabilities. It is rotatably connected to the bottom of the housing 2, with a drive source installed at one end. The drive source can be a stepper motor or servo motor, etc. The self-propelled vehicle 1 can be a tracked remote-controlled vehicle or other vehicle with remote control and programming path functions. Both the self-propelled vehicle 1 and the cleaning component 5 are mature existing technologies. Different models can be selected according to the actual situation, which will not be elaborated further. When cleaning a large area of ​​photovoltaic modules, the device is first placed manually on the surface of the photovoltaic modules. Then, the self-propelled vehicle 1 is driven to move, thereby pushing the housing 2 through the connecting rod. During the movement of the housing 2, the spray wetting component 3 first operates, spraying clean water outwards to rinse the surface of the photovoltaic panels. This effectively removes floating dust and other easily cleanable impurities from the surface of the photovoltaic modules. After rinsing by the spray wetting component 3, most of the remaining stains on the surface of the photovoltaic modules are stubborn stains that are difficult to clean by rinsing alone. At this time, the rinsing by the spray wetting component 3 can soften these stains by wetting. In this way, when the self-propelled vehicle 1 drives the layer-by-layer scraping component 4 to the surface of these stains, the layer-by-layer scraping component 4 operates, scraping away stubborn stains layer by layer, avoiding scratches on the photovoltaic module surface caused by directly scraping away stubborn stains. While ensuring cleaning effectiveness, it can also effectively protect the photovoltaic module. After the layer-by-layer scraping component 4 removes the stubborn stains, there will be no granular stains remaining on the surface of the photovoltaic module. At this time, the self-propelled vehicle 1 will drive the cleaning component 5 to the location, and then the cleaning component 5 will roll, continuously cleaning the surface of the photovoltaic module. The invention utilizes a roller brush for deep cleaning. In this embodiment, the combined use of the spray-wetting component 3, the layer-by-layer scraping component 4, and the cleaning component 5 achieves multiple cleaning processes for the surface stains of the photovoltaic module. Spraying removes floating dust while simultaneously wetting stubborn stains; then, layer-by-layer scraping removes stubborn stains, avoiding direct scraping that could scratch the photovoltaic module surface; finally, the roller brush completes the deep cleaning of the photovoltaic module. This adapts to complex cleaning situations where multiple different impurities exist on the photovoltaic module surface, protecting the photovoltaic module from damage during cleaning.

[0022] Furthermore, the spray wetting assembly 3 includes a water spray plate 301, a sponge block 302 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the water spray plate 301, and a plurality of water supply pipes 303 are fixedly connected to the top surface of the water spray plate 301. A water supply assembly is installed at the top of the plurality of water supply pipes 303. The water supply assembly is used to intermittently supply water to the inside of the water supply pipes 303. Angle adjustment assemblies are also installed on both sides of the water spray plate 301. The angle adjustment assemblies are used to adjust the angle of the water spray plate 301. See attached document Figure 4As shown, both the spray plate 301 and the sponge block 302 have multiple through holes inside, and some of these through holes are interconnected. In actual use, the water supply component supplies water to the spray plate 301 through the water supply pipe 303. The water flow is sprayed out from the interconnected through holes between the spray plate 301 and the sponge block 302. Since some through holes are not interconnected, some water flow is blocked by the sponge block 302, thus wetting the sponge block 302. When there is too much water inside the sponge block 302, it will naturally drip down. This ensures that there is always water at the bottom of the scraping component 4 during the movement of the self-propelled vehicle 1. The water assists the scraping component 4 during operation, further reducing friction with dirt and preventing scratches to the photovoltaic modules. The dripping water also effectively helps clean the dirt scraped by the scraping component 4, washing it away from the surface of the photovoltaic modules, facilitating subsequent roller brushing operations. The angle adjustment component moves the water spray plate 301, adjusting its angle and thus the angle of the water sprayed from within. When stubborn stains appear, simply pre-spraying is insufficient to effectively wet them. The angle adjustment component then moves the water spray plate 301 downwards until the sponge block 302 contacts the photovoltaic module surface. The moistened sponge block 302 then completely covers and wets the stubborn stains. After 3-5 minutes of wetting, the stains become lubricated. The angle adjustment component then resets, and the self-propelled vehicle 1 can continue its cleaning operation. It is important to note that when the water spray plate 301 moves downwards and the sponge block 302 contacts the photovoltaic module surface, the water supply component stops supplying water. The water inside the sponge block 302 is sufficient for wetting, effectively preventing water waste.

[0023] Furthermore, the angle adjustment assembly includes transmission rods 304 fixedly connected to both sides of the spray plate 301. A rotating seat 305 is rotatably connected to the side of the two transmission rods 304 that are close to each other. A limiting shaft 307 is slidably connected inside the end of the transmission rod 304 away from the spray plate 301. An electric telescopic rod 306 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the limiting shaft 307. The rotating seat 305 and the electric telescopic rod 306 are both fixedly connected to the housing 2. In practical use, by activating the electric telescopic rod 306, the limiting shaft 307 moves upward. At this time, the limiting shaft 307 slides inside the transmission rod 304 and applies a thrust to the transmission rod 304, thereby causing the transmission rod 304 to rotate around the rotating seat 305. The rotation of the transmission rod 304 causes the spray plate 301 to rotate, thereby realizing the angle adjustment of the spray plate 301 and achieving the effect of automatically adjusting the spray angle.

[0024] Furthermore, the water supply assembly includes a diversion pipe 308, the bottom end of which and the top ends of multiple water supply pipes 303 are fixedly connected to the housing 2. The housing 2 has a flow channel inside, and the diversion pipe 308 communicates with the multiple water supply pipes 303 through the flow channel. A plate valve 309 is fixedly connected to the end of the diversion pipe 308 away from the housing 2. An infusion pipe 310 is fixedly connected to the side of the plate valve 309 away from the diversion pipe 308. A transmission assembly is installed at the bottom end of the plate valve 309. The transmission assembly is connected to a transmission rod 304. The transmission assembly is used to synchronously adjust the opening and closing degree of the plate valve 309 when the transmission rod 304 drives the water spray plate 301 to adjust the angle. In practical use, the infusion pipe 310 is connected to an external water supply tether pipe, which in turn connects to a water pump structure that pumps clean water. This part is existing technology and will not be described in detail. The water pump structure sends water into the infusion pipe 310 through the tether pipe, and then through the plate valve 309 and the diversion pipe 308 into the flow channel inside the housing 2, and finally into the diversion pipe 308 through the flow channel to achieve water supply. When the spray plate 301 drives the sponge block 302 to move downward until it is in contact with the surface of the photovoltaic module, the transmission rod 304 drives the transmission component to move, thereby pushing the valve plate inside the plate valve 309 to close, thus blocking the water flow and achieving the effect of automatic flow interruption during immersion.

[0025] Furthermore, the transmission assembly includes a guide rod 311 fixedly connected between a pair of transmission rods 304, a lifting rod 312 rotatably connected to the middle of the guide rod 311, a connecting block 313 rotatably connected to the top of the lifting rod 312, and the connecting block 313 fixedly connected to the valve plate inside the plate valve 309. In practical use, when the transmission rod 304 moves upward, it will push the water spray plate 301 downward. At this time, the transmission rod 304 will simultaneously drive the guide rod 311 to rise upward, which in turn will drive the lifting rod 312 to push the connecting block 313 to slide upward. At this time, the connecting block 313 will push the valve plate to move upward. When the water spray plate 301 moves downward and drives the sponge block 302 to fit against the surface of the photovoltaic module, the valve plate will completely close the valve 309, thereby achieving the effect of automatically blocking water supply and avoiding water waste.

[0026] Furthermore, the layer-by-layer scraping assembly 4 includes a pair of limiting rollers 401, and a rotating belt 402 is mounted on the outside of the pair of limiting rollers 401. Multiple mounting blocks 403 are fixed to the outside of the rotating belt 402, and a liftable scraper 404 is mounted on the bottom end of the mounting block 403. One of the limiting rollers 401 has an externally mounted drive structure, which can be a stepper motor or a servo motor. This part is existing technology and will not be described in detail. Taking a group of four scrapers 404 as an example, in actual use, the height of the four scrapers 404 in each group is adjusted so that the adjacent four scrapers 404 have a stepped height difference. Then the drive structure drives the limiting roller 401 to rotate. The rotation of the limiting roller 401 drives the rotating belt 402 to rotate. The rotating belt 402 drives the mounting block 403 and the scrapers 404 to move. Since the height of the scrapers 404 in a group changes in a stepped manner, the rotating belt 402 will drive the scrapers 404 to scrape the surface of the stains layer by layer when rotating. Through multiple layer-by-layer scraping, stubborn stains on the surface of the photovoltaic module can be effectively removed. At the same time, layer-by-layer scraping can effectively avoid the situation in existing technology where too much stain is rolled into the scraper when directly scraping at once, causing scratches and wear on the surface of the photovoltaic module.

[0027] Furthermore, a support rod 405 is fixedly connected to the top of the scraper 404, and a connecting rod 406 is threadedly connected to the top of the support rod 405. In practical use, rotating the support rod 405 will cause it to move up and down inside the connecting rod 406, thereby adjusting the height of the scraper 404. It should be noted that during use, it is necessary to ensure that the support rod 405 and the connecting rod 406 are aligned after each adjustment, i.e., the number of adjustments should be an integer number of turns. In actual application, after adjusting the height of the scraper 404, the connecting rod 406 and the limiting block 407 can be locked by forming pin holes inside the connecting rod 406 and the limiting block 407 and using a pin to prevent the scraper 404 from being misaligned during use. This part of the technology is existing technology and will not be described in detail.

[0028] Furthermore, the connecting rod 406 is rotatably connected to the inside of the mounting block 403 by a torsion spring. The top end of the connecting rod 406 has a groove, and the top end of the connecting rod 406 and both sides of the groove have chamfers. The top end of the connecting rod 406 is provided with a limit block 407, and the top end of the limit block 407 is equipped with a limit force adjustment component. Contact switches 408 are installed inside the mounting block 403 and on both sides of the top end of the connecting rod 406. In practical use, when encountering stains, the scraper 404 will first contact the stain and scrape it off. If the stain is stubborn, such as bird droppings that have not been cleaned for a long time and have become stuck together, the spraying of the water spray plate 301 alone will not be enough to completely wet it. The stain will still stick firmly to the photovoltaic module. When the scraper 404 comes into contact with the stain, the reaction force of the stain will act on the connecting rod 406 through the scraper 404, thereby pushing the torsion spring to rotate. During this process, the connecting rod 406 will push the limit block 407 at its top to move upward synchronously. After the connecting rod 406 rotates to a certain angle, it will contact the contact switch 408, thereby sending a signal to the control system or operator of the self-propelled vehicle body 1, reminding the system or operator to perform the sponge block 302 wetting operation. At the same time, the limit roller 401 will immediately stop rotating to avoid directly scraping off the stubborn stains, thereby achieving the effect of automatically detecting stubborn stains.

[0029] Furthermore, the limiting force adjustment component includes a squeezing block 410, a pressure spring 409 is installed between the squeezing block 410 and the limiting block 407, a sliding groove is provided inside the mounting block 403, the squeezing block 410 and the limiting block 407 are slidably connected inside the sliding groove, and an adjustment knob 411 is fixedly connected to the top of the squeezing block 410, the adjustment knob 411 is threadedly connected to the mounting block 403; When the scraper 404 comes into contact with stubborn stains, the reaction force of the stain needs to overcome the torque of the torsion spring, and at the same time, a thrust is needed to push the limit block 407 upward. In actual use, when the limit block 407 moves upward, it will compress the pressure spring 409. In the initial state, the position of the pressure spring 409 remains unchanged. At this time, the squeezing block 410 can be slid in the groove by turning the adjusting knob 411, thereby squeezing or releasing the pressure spring 409. This adjusts the thrust required for the scraper 404 to push the limit block 407, so that the stains can be effectively distinguished. When the adhesion between the stain and the photovoltaic module is less than the torque of the torsion spring and the thrust of pushing the limit block 407, it will be directly removed. When it is greater, it will be coated and soaked before scraping, adapting to different stain cleaning situations.

[0030] Furthermore, a camera assembly 6 is rotatably connected to the side of the self-propelled vehicle body 1 near the housing 2; By setting up camera component 6, the cleaning status of the photovoltaic module surface can be fed back to the operator in real time. At the same time, the position of the device can also be effectively determined through image transmission. When the device reaches the edge of the photovoltaic module, the operator can better turn the device through camera component 6 to avoid it falling.

[0031] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An automatic cleaning device for solar photovoltaic modules, characterized in that: The device includes a drive unit and a cleaning unit. The drive unit includes a self-propelled vehicle body (1), and the cleaning unit includes a housing (2). The self-propelled vehicle body (1) and the housing (2) are fixedly connected by a connecting rod. The bottom of the housing (2) is sequentially equipped with a spray wetting component (3), a layer-by-layer scraping component (4), and a cleaning component (5) along the forward direction of the self-propelled vehicle body (1). The spray wetting component (3) is used to spray clean water to clean the photovoltaic module and to wet the stains. The layer-by-layer scraping component (4) is used to scrape the stains off the photovoltaic module layer by layer. The cleaning component (5) is used to perform secondary cleaning on the photovoltaic module after the stains have been scraped off.

2. The automatic cleaning device for solar photovoltaic modules according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spray immersion assembly (3) includes a spray plate (301), a sponge block (302) is fixedly attached to the bottom surface of the spray plate (301), and multiple water supply pipes (303) are fixedly attached to the top surface of the spray plate (301). A water supply assembly is installed at the top of the multiple water supply pipes (303). The water supply assembly is used to intermittently supply water to the inside of the water supply pipes (303). Angle adjustment assemblies are also installed on both sides of the spray plate (301). The angle adjustment assemblies are used to adjust the angle of the spray plate (301).

3. The automatic cleaning device for solar photovoltaic modules according to claim 2, characterized in that: The angle adjustment assembly includes transmission rods (304) fixedly connected to both sides of the spray plate (301). The two transmission rods (304) are rotatably connected to a rotating seat (305) on the side that is close to each other. The end of the transmission rod (304) away from the spray plate (301) is internally connected to a limiting shaft (307). The bottom end of the limiting shaft (307) is fixedly connected to an electric telescopic rod (306). The rotating seat (305) and the electric telescopic rod (306) are both fixedly connected to the housing (2).

4. The automatic cleaning device for solar photovoltaic modules according to claim 3, characterized in that: The water supply assembly includes a diversion pipe (308), the bottom end of which and the top ends of multiple water supply pipes (303) are fixedly connected to the housing (2). The housing (2) has a flow channel inside, and the diversion pipe (308) is connected to multiple water supply pipes (303) through the flow channel. A plate valve (309) is fixedly connected to the end of the diversion pipe (308) away from the housing (2). An infusion pipe (310) is fixedly connected to the side of the plate valve (309) away from the diversion pipe (308). A transmission assembly is installed at the bottom end of the plate valve (309). The transmission assembly is connected to a transmission rod (304). The transmission assembly is used to synchronously adjust the opening and closing degree of the plate valve (309) when the transmission rod (304) drives the water spray plate (301) to adjust the angle.

5. The automatic cleaning device for solar photovoltaic modules according to claim 4, characterized in that: The transmission assembly includes a guide rod (311) fixed between a pair of transmission rods (304), a lifting rod (312) rotatably connected to the middle of the guide rod (311), a connecting block (313) rotatably connected to the top of the lifting rod (312), and the connecting block (313) fixedly connected to the valve plate inside the plate valve (309).

6. The automatic cleaning device for solar photovoltaic modules according to claim 1, characterized in that: The layer-by-layer scraping assembly (4) includes a pair of limiting rollers (401), and a rotating belt (402) is installed on the outside of the pair of limiting rollers (401). Multiple mounting blocks (403) are fixed to the outside of the rotating belt (402), and a liftable scraper (404) is installed at the bottom of the mounting block (403).

7. The automatic cleaning device for solar photovoltaic modules according to claim 6, characterized in that: The top end of the scraper (404) is fixedly connected to a support rod (405), and the top end of the support rod (405) is connected to a connecting rod (406) by a thread.

8. The automatic cleaning device for solar photovoltaic modules according to claim 7, characterized in that: The connecting rod (406) is rotatably connected to the inside of the mounting block (403) by a torsion spring. The top of the connecting rod (406) is provided with a groove, and the top of the connecting rod (406) and both sides of the groove are provided with chamfers. The top of the connecting rod (406) is provided with a limit block (407), and the top of the limit block (407) is provided with a limit force adjustment component. The mounting block (403) is provided with contact switches (408) on both sides of the top of the connecting rod (406).

9. An automatic cleaning device for solar photovoltaic modules according to claim 8, characterized in that: The limiting force adjustment component includes a squeezing block (410), a pressure spring (409) is installed between the squeezing block (410) and the limiting block (407), a sliding groove is provided inside the mounting block (403), the squeezing block (410) and the limiting block (407) are slidably connected inside the sliding groove, and an adjustment knob (411) is fixedly connected to the top of the squeezing block (410), the adjustment knob (411) is threadedly connected to the mounting block (403).

10. The automatic cleaning device for solar photovoltaic modules according to claim 1, characterized in that: The self-propelled vehicle body (1) is rotatably connected to a camera assembly (6) on the side near the housing (2).

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