An internal stress releasing and shaping device for precision casting machine castings

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of casting follow-up processing, and particularly relates to an internal stress releasing and shaping device for precision casting machine tool castings, which solves the problem that the castings rebound easily after shaping due to the failure to release the internal additional stress in time, and the follow-up transfer for stress release reduces the shaping accuracy and increases the process time, the present application limits the profile of the box body casting by the outer mold shell, uses the electric telescopic rod to drive the stress relieving assembly and the shaping assembly into the casting inner cavity, and makes the two assemblies work alternately, the shaping plate expands step by step, the box walls with different deformation amounts are shaped in batches, the high-frequency vibration cylinder knocks the box wall between shaping rounds to release the original stress and the shaping additional stress, and the lubricating conveying structure reduces the shaping friction and the inner wall damage, so that the grading shaping and stress release are completed in the same clamping, the casting rebound is reduced, and the shaping efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of post-processing technology for castings, and more particularly to an internal stress relief and shaping device for castings used in precision casting machine tools. Background Technology

[0002] Existing forming devices are mainly used to repair metal workpieces that have been bent, uneven, or have dimensional deviations during casting, processing, or use. They typically apply force to the deformed parts through methods such as support, clamping, pressing, or internal bracing to restore them to the specified geometric shape and size, thereby meeting the requirements for subsequent processing or continued use.

[0003] Chinese patent CN221313252U discloses a forming and processing device for motor housing castings, including a base plate, a support frame above the base plate, a top plate on top of the support frame, a cylinder one at the center of the top of the base plate with a placement platform at the output end of the cylinder one, a cylinder two at the center of the bottom of the top plate with a working arm at the output end of the cylinder two, and a displacement structure inside the support frame, the displacement structure including an outer ring and an inner ring, the outer ring and the inner ring rotatingly engaging, the rotating shafts at both symmetrical ends of the outer ring rotatingly engaging with through holes on the crossbeam of the support frame, and multiple limiting platforms inside the inner ring. This device enables multi-angle adjustment of the motor housing during processing and can handle multi-directional and multi-angle processing of the internal mating structure of the motor housing.

[0004] The aforementioned and existing related technologies often have the following drawbacks: Existing forming devices typically apply pressure directly after fixing the casting to restore the deformed parts to the target position. However, during the pressure forming process, the degree of deformation varies in different areas of the casting, which can easily create new additional stress inside. When the forming pressure is released, the casting is prone to springback, causing the restored shape or size to deviate again. In addition, if stress relief is performed separately afterward, the casting needs to be transferred and clamped again. This not only increases the process flow time but also makes it difficult to maintain the original forming state due to repeated positioning errors, thus seriously affecting the final accuracy of the casting after forming and the overall processing efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the existing technology has the disadvantage that the casting is prone to springback after the internal additional stress is not released in time, and the subsequent stress release will reduce the forming accuracy and increase the process time. To this end, we propose an internal stress release forming device for castings of precision casting machine tools.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this application adopts the following technical solution: a stress relief and shaping device for castings of precision casting machine tools, including a worktable, an outer mold shell inside the worktable, a box casting inside the outer mold shell, a column fixedly installed on one side of the worktable, a crossbeam fixedly installed on the outer surface of the column, an electric telescopic rod fixedly installed on the lower surface of the crossbeam, a stress relief component for relieving internal stress of the box casting fixedly installed on the lower surface of the electric telescopic rod, and a shaping component for processing the box casting fixedly installed on the lower surface of the stress relief component; The stress relief assembly includes a cover plate fixedly installed at one end of the electric telescopic rod. An upper pressure plate and a bottom support plate are provided on the lower surface of the cover plate, and a high-frequency vibration cylinder is provided inside the upper pressure plate and the bottom support plate. The shaping assembly includes a base plate fixedly installed on the lower surface of the stress relief assembly. A distribution box is fixedly installed on the surface of the base plate. A shaping plate is provided on the outer surface of the distribution box. There are four sets of shaping plates. A second electric push rod is provided between each set of shaping plates and the distribution box.

[0007] Preferably, a battery box is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the bottom support plate, and a rectangular groove is opened on the surface of the battery box. Multiple sets of high-frequency vibration cylinders are electrically connected to the battery box. A battery groove adapted to the battery box is opened on the surface of the upper pressure plate. The battery box and the battery groove are adapted to each other. The upper pressure plate, the bottom support plate, and the cover plate are installed by bolts.

[0008] Preferably, multiple sets of high-frequency vibration cylinders are spaced apart around the bottom support plate, and the multiple sets of high-frequency vibration cylinders correspond to the inner wall of the box casting.

[0009] Preferably, the base plate is bolted to the bottom load plate via mounting columns, and the four sets of shaping plates are respectively arranged around the distribution box and correspond to the four inner walls of the box casting.

[0010] Preferably, one end of the shaping plate has an installation groove, the surface of the installation groove is provided with a silicone pad, the surface of the silicone pad has multiple sets of discharge ports, multiple sets of oil outlet pipes are fixedly installed inside the shaping plate, one end of the oil outlet pipe is connected to a flexible hose, and the multiple sets of oil outlet pipes are connected to the multiple sets of discharge ports.

[0011] Preferably, the end of the hose furthest from the oil outlet is connected to the distribution box. A thin pipe is provided on the upper surface of the distribution box. Both the cover plate and the upper pressure plate have openings that are compatible with the thin pipe. An opening is provided at the end of the electric telescopic rod near the stress relief component. A thick pipe is provided on the outer surface of the thin pipe. One end of the thin pipe is in a sealed sliding connection with the inside of the thick pipe. A pressure check valve is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the thick pipe. Two sets of pressure check valves are provided. One set is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the thick pipe, and the other set is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the thin pipe. One end of the thick pipe is connected to the temporary storage box, which is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the crossbeam.

[0012] Preferably, a conveying platform is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the workbench, an outer mold groove is opened on the upper surface of the workbench, the outer mold shell is located directly above the outer mold groove, and multiple sets of No. 1 electric push rods are fixedly installed inside the workbench, with one end of the No. 1 electric push rod fixedly installed on the lower surface of the outer mold shell.

[0013] Preferably, the inner wall of the outer mold shell is provided with a vertical sliding groove and a through groove, the inner wall of the outer mold shell is provided with a bottom frame, and sliding rods are fixedly installed on both sides of the bottom frame. The sliding rods are slidably connected to the vertical sliding groove and the through groove respectively. A conveyor belt is installed inside the bottom frame, and the upper surface of the conveyor belt is in contact with the lower surface of the box casting.

[0014] Preferably, a support plate is fixedly installed at the end of the outer mold shell near the conveying platform, and an inclined plate is fixedly installed at the end of the outer mold shell away from the support plate. Rollers are provided inside the inclined plate, and multiple sets of rollers are provided.

[0015] Preferably, a vertical rod is fixedly installed at the bottom of the outer mold groove, and a top ball is fixedly installed at the upper end of the vertical rod, with the top ball located below one side of the bottom frame.

[0016] The technical effects and advantages of this invention are as follows: This invention combines a shaping component and a stress-relief component along the extension direction of an electric telescopic rod. This allows the box casting, with its outer contour defined by the outer mold shell, to have its shape restored from the inside by a shaping plate. Additional stress generated during the shaping process is released by high-frequency vibration cylinders distributed at corresponding positions on the box wall, reducing the possibility of springback after constraint release. It eliminates the need for repeated transfers and clamping between the shaping and stress-relief processes. A silicone pad and discharge port are provided on the outer side of the shaping plate to deliver lubricating medium to the shaping contact area, reducing friction between the shaping plate and the inner wall of the box casting and minimizing scratches. The outer mold shell, bottom frame, conveyor belt, and top ball work together to provide external support, conveying, and unloading space for the box casting, thereby improving the efficiency of casting shaping. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The disclosure of this invention is illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this invention. In the drawings, the same reference numerals are used to refer to the same parts: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the combined structure of the electric telescopic rod, stress relief component, and shaping component of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the stress relief component and the shaping component of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the stress relief component of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the shaping component of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the shaping plate of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the workbench of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembled outer mold shell structure of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the outer mold shell blanking structure of the present invention.

[0018] Legend: 1. Workbench; 11. Conveying platform; 12. Outer mold groove; 13. Electric push rod No. 1; 14. Upright pole; 15. Top ball; 16. Outer mold shell; 161. Vertical slide groove; 162. Through groove; 163. Support plate; 164. Inclined plate; 165. Roller; 166. Base frame; 167. Slide rod; 168. Conveyor belt; 2. Box casting; 3. Column; 4. Crossbeam; 5. Electric telescopic rod; 51. Opening; 6. Stress relief assembly; 61. Bottom support plate 62. Battery box; 63. Rectangular groove; 64. High-frequency vibration cylinder; 65. Upper pressure plate; 66. Battery slot; 67. Pipe opening; 68. Cover plate; 7. Shaping assembly; 71. Base plate; 72. Mounting column; 73. Distribution box; 74. No. 2 electric push rod; 75. Shaping plate; 751. Mounting groove; 752. Silicone pad; 753. Discharge port; 76. Thin pipe; 77. Coarse pipe; 78. Pressure check valve; 79. Oil outlet pipe; 791. Hose; 8. Temporary storage box. Detailed Implementation

[0019] It is readily understood that, based on the technical solution of this invention, those skilled in the art can propose various interchangeable structural methods and implementations without altering the essential spirit of the invention. Therefore, the following detailed embodiments and accompanying drawings are merely illustrative examples of the technical solution of this invention and should not be considered as the entirety of the invention or as limitations or restrictions on the technical solution of this invention.

[0020] Reference Figure 1 - Figure 9 As shown, the present invention provides a technical solution: an internal stress relief and shaping device for precision casting machine tool castings, including a worktable 1, the worktable 1 constituting the main bearing structure of the device, an outer mold shell 16 disposed inside the worktable 1 for accommodating and restricting the box casting 2 to be processed, a column 3 fixedly disposed on one side of the worktable 1, a crossbeam 4 installed on the outside of the column 3 and extending above the outer mold shell 16, an electric telescopic rod 5 vertically installed on the lower surface of the crossbeam 4, a stress relief component 6 fixed at the lower end of the electric telescopic rod 5, and a shaping component 7 installed below the stress relief component 6, so that the stress relief component 6 and the shaping component 7 are arranged sequentially along the inner cavity direction of the box casting 2, and the outer mold shell 16 is used to provide contour restriction and support space from its outside.

[0021] The stress relief assembly 6 uses a cover plate 68 as the upper connecting structure. The cover plate 68 is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the electric telescopic rod 5. The upper pressure plate 65 and the bottom support plate 61 are installed below the cover plate 68 and are detachably connected by bolts. A battery box 62 is installed on the upper surface of the bottom support plate 61. A rectangular groove 63 is opened on the surface of the battery box 62. The upper pressure plate 65 is provided with a battery groove 66 that matches the shape of the battery box 62, so that the battery box 62 is located on the upper surface of the upper pressure plate 65. The high-frequency vibration cylinder 64 is installed at intervals around the bottom support plate 61 and is electrically connected to the battery box 62. The high-frequency vibration cylinder 64 is positioned facing the inner wall of each side of the box casting 2 to transmit the vibration to the corresponding area of ​​the box wall. The pipe openings 67 on the surfaces of the cover plate 68 and the upper pressure plate 65 are vertically aligned to provide an installation channel for the thin pipe 76 to pass through the stress relief assembly 6.

[0022] The base plate 71 of the shaping assembly 7 is detachably mounted below the bottom support plate 61 via mounting posts 72. The distribution box 73 is fixed to the surface of the base plate 71. Four sets of shaping plates 75 are respectively arranged on different sides of the distribution box 73, with their outer surfaces facing the corresponding inner walls of the box casting 2. A second electric push rod 74 is installed between the distribution box 73 and the shaping plates 75 to adjust the distance between the outer surfaces of the shaping plates 75 and the corresponding inner walls of the box casting 2, thereby enabling batch shaping to prevent damage to the box casting. 2. The inner wall of the shaping plate 75 has an installation groove 751 at one end facing the box wall. The silicone pad 752 is embedded in the installation groove 751 to form a flexible contact layer between the shaping plate 75 and the inner wall of the box casting 2. The surface of the silicone pad 752 has discharge ports 753. The shaping plate 75 is equipped with an oil outlet pipe 79 that corresponds to and communicates with the discharge port 753. The other end of the oil outlet pipe 79 is connected to a hose 791 so as to maintain the continuity of the lubricating medium delivery channel when the position of the shaping plate 75 changes.

[0023] The end of the hose 791 away from the oil outlet pipe 79 is connected to the distribution box 73. The upper part of the distribution box 73 is connected to the thin pipe 76. The thin pipe 76 passes through the pipe opening 67 on the upper pressure plate 65 and the cover plate 68 in sequence, and extends upward through the opening 51 at the end of the electric telescopic rod 5. The thick pipe 77 is sleeved on the outside of the thin pipe 76. One end of the thin pipe 76 is slidably set inside the thick pipe 77, so that the pipeline can adapt to the position changes of the stress relief component 6 and the shaping component 7. The pressure check valve 78 is respectively set on the outer surface of the thick pipe 77 and the outer surface of the thin pipe 76 to restrict the flow direction of the lubricating medium. The upper end of the thick pipe 77 is connected to the temporary storage box 8 fixed on the upper surface of the crossbeam 4. The temporary storage box 8 is used to store the lubricating medium. The thick pipe 77, the thin pipe 76, the distribution box 73, the hose 791 and the oil outlet pipe 79 together form the lubricating medium delivery channel leading to each discharge port 753.

[0024] A conveyor platform 11 is installed on the upper surface of the workbench 1, and an outer mold groove 12 corresponding to the position of the outer mold shell 16 is opened. The outer mold shell 16 is located directly above the outer mold groove 12. An electric push rod 13 is installed inside the workbench 1. The telescopic end of the electric push rod 13 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the outer mold shell 16 to provide power for vertical movement of the outer mold shell 16. A support plate 163 is provided at one end of the outer mold shell 16 near the conveyor platform 11. The support plate 163 is used to connect the conveyor platform 11 and the internal bearing area of ​​the outer mold shell 16. An outwardly extending inclined plate 164 is provided at the other end of the outer mold shell 16. Rollers 165 are installed at intervals inside the inclined plate 164 to reduce the resistance encountered by the box casting 2 when passing through the inclined plate 164 and to provide an inclined bearing surface for the box casting 2 to leave the outer mold shell 16.

[0025] The inner wall of the outer mold shell 16 is provided with vertical sliding grooves 161 and through grooves 162. The bottom frame 166 is located in the bottom area of ​​the outer mold shell 16. The sliding rods 167 on both sides of the bottom frame 166 are inserted into the corresponding vertical sliding grooves 161 and through grooves 162, so that the bottom frame 166 is both laterally restricted by the outer mold shell 16 and has the necessary space for vertical movement and tilting. The conveyor belt 168 is installed inside the bottom frame 166, and its upper surface forms a bearing that contacts the bottom of the box casting 2. On the outer mold groove 12, a vertical rod 14 is fixedly installed at the bottom. A top ball 15 is installed on the upper end of the vertical rod 14 and located below the bottom frame 166 on the side near the support plate 163. The arc-shaped surface of the top ball 15 is used to form a point abutment with the bottom of the bottom frame 166. The through groove 162 reserves tilting space for the corresponding sliding rod 167. The vertical sliding groove 161 guides the sliding rod 167 on the other side vertically, so that the bottom frame 166 has the structural conditions to change the bearing angle inside the outer mold shell 16.

[0026] Working principle: First, the first electric push rod 13 holds the outer mold shell 16 in the loading position. At this time, the bottom frame 166 abuts against the top ball 15, making the upper part of the outer mold shell 16, the conveyor belt 168, and the worktable 1 level. Then, the external feeding equipment sends the box casting 2 into the outer mold shell 16 via the conveyor platform 11, and it is carried by the conveyor belt 168. Subsequently, the first electric push rod 13 drives the outer mold shell 16 and the box casting 2 to rise. The electric telescopic rod 5 drives the stress relief component 6 and the shaping component 7 to extend into the box casting 2 until the upper surface of the box casting 2 is level with the lower surface of the bottom plate 71. Then, because lubricating oil has been pre-filled into the fine pipe 76 and the distribution box 73, when... During the first round of lifting and lowering of the electric telescopic rod 5, the high-frequency vibration cylinder 64 repeatedly strikes the inner wall of the box casting 2 to release the original stress on the inner wall of the box casting 2. Subsequently, during the second round of lifting and lowering, the second electric push rod 74 drives the shaping plate 75 to move outward, so that the shaping plate 75 first squeezes the area with a larger inward protrusion, avoiding damage to the box wall by one-time expansion. As the electric telescopic rod 5 descends, the pressure check valve 78 on the thin pipe 76 closes and the pressure check valve 78 on the thick pipe 77 opens, so that the thick pipe 77 forms a negative pressure and draws out the lubricating oil in the temporary storage box 8. Then, when the electric telescopic rod 5 rises, the two sets of pressure check valves 78 switch, so that the thin pipe 76 squeezes outward. The lubricating oil in the coarse-pressing pipe 77 is then distributed through the distribution box 73, hose 791, and oil outlet pipe 79 to be applied to the inner wall of the box casting 2 from the discharge port 753. During the first shaping of the inner wall, the intervention of the silicone pad 752 and the lubricating oil can prevent damage to the inner wall of the box casting 2 during the compression shaping process. Subsequently, during the third round of lifting, the vibration of the stress relief component 6 will release the additional stress generated by the previous shaping to reduce the rebound of the box wall. During the fourth round of lifting, the second electric push rod 74 will further increase the extension distance of the shaping plate 75, allowing the shaping plate 75 to handle areas with smaller remaining deformation. Thereafter, stress release and step-by-step shaping alternate sequentially, and finally... The additional stress generated during the final shaping is released in one round until the box casting 2 reaches the target contour and the internal stress tends to stabilize. Then, the first electric push rod 13 drives the outer mold shell 16 to descend. The bottom frame 166 is pushed by the top ball 15 and rises along the vertical slide groove 161 and the through groove 162. After the conveyor belt 168 is flush with the table surface 1, the outer mold shell 16 continues to descend, causing the slide rod 167 in the through groove 162 to disengage from the through groove 162. The bottom frame 166 tilts around the other slide rod 167 as the center. Finally, the box casting 2 is discharged along the roller 165 on the surface of the inclined plate 164, thus completing the graded shaping and stress stabilization treatment, thereby improving the efficiency of casting shaping.

[0027] The technical scope of this invention is not limited to the content described above. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to the above embodiments without departing from the technical concept of this invention, and all such modifications and variations should fall within the protection scope of this invention.

Claims

1. A stress-relieving and shaping device for castings used in precision casting machine tools, characterized in that, The device includes a workbench, an outer mold shell inside the workbench, a box casting inside the outer mold shell, a column fixedly installed on one side of the workbench, a crossbeam fixedly installed on the outer surface of the column, an electric telescopic rod fixedly installed on the lower surface of the crossbeam, a stress relief component for relieving internal stress of the box casting fixedly installed on the lower surface of the electric telescopic rod, and a shaping component for processing the box casting fixedly installed on the lower surface of the stress relief component. The stress relief assembly includes a cover plate fixedly installed at one end of the electric telescopic rod. An upper pressure plate and a bottom support plate are provided on the lower surface of the cover plate. A high-frequency vibration cylinder is provided inside the upper pressure plate and the bottom support plate. The shaping component includes a base plate fixedly installed on the lower surface of the stress relief component. A distribution box is fixedly installed on the surface of the base plate. A shaping plate is provided on the outer surface of the distribution box. There are four sets of shaping plates. A second electric push rod is provided between each set of shaping plates and the distribution box.

2. The internal stress relief and shaping device for precision casting machine tool castings according to claim 1, characterized in that: A battery box is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the bottom support plate. A rectangular groove is opened on the surface of the battery box. Multiple sets of high-frequency vibration cylinders are electrically connected to the battery box. A battery groove adapted to the battery box is opened on the surface of the upper pressure plate. The battery box is adapted to the battery groove. The upper pressure plate, the bottom support plate, and the cover plate are installed by bolts.

3. The internal stress relief and shaping device for precision casting machine tool castings according to claim 2, characterized in that: Multiple sets of the high-frequency vibration cylinders are spaced apart around the bottom support plate, and the multiple sets of the high-frequency vibration cylinders correspond to the inner wall of the box casting.

4. The internal stress relief and shaping device for precision casting machine tool castings according to claim 3, characterized in that: The base plate is bolted to the bottom load plate via mounting columns. The four sets of shaping plates are respectively arranged around the distribution box and correspond to the four inner walls of the box casting.

5. The internal stress relief and shaping device for precision casting machine tool castings according to claim 4, characterized in that: The shaping plate has an installation groove at one end, and a silicone pad is provided on the surface of the installation groove. Multiple sets of discharge ports are provided on the surface of the silicone pad. Multiple sets of oil outlet pipes are fixedly installed inside the shaping plate. One end of each oil outlet pipe is connected to a flexible hose, and the multiple sets of oil outlet pipes are connected to the multiple sets of discharge ports.

6. The internal stress relief and shaping device for precision casting machine tool castings according to claim 5, characterized in that: The end of the hose furthest from the oil outlet is connected to the distribution box. A thin pipe is provided on the upper surface of the distribution box. Both the cover plate and the upper pressure plate have openings that are adapted to the thin pipe. An opening is provided at the end of the electric telescopic rod near the stress relief component. A thick pipe is provided on the outer surface of the thin pipe. One end of the thin pipe is in a sealed sliding connection with the inside of the thick pipe. A pressure check valve is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the thick pipe. Two sets of pressure check valves are provided. One set is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the thick pipe, and the other set is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the thin pipe. One end of the thick pipe is connected to the temporary storage box, which is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the crossbeam.

7. The internal stress relief and shaping device for precision casting machine tool castings according to claim 1, characterized in that: A conveying platform is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the workbench. An outer mold groove is opened on the upper surface of the workbench. The outer mold shell is located directly above the outer mold groove. Multiple sets of No. 1 electric push rods are fixedly installed inside the workbench. One end of the No. 1 electric push rod is fixedly installed to the lower surface of the outer mold shell.

8. The internal stress relief and shaping device for precision casting machine tool castings according to claim 7, characterized in that: The inner wall of the outer mold shell is provided with a vertical sliding groove and a through groove. A bottom frame is provided on the inner wall of the outer mold shell. Sliding rods are fixedly installed on both sides of the bottom frame. The sliding rods are slidably connected to the vertical sliding groove and the through groove respectively. A conveyor belt is installed inside the bottom frame. The upper surface of the conveyor belt is in contact with the lower surface of the box casting.

9. The internal stress relief and shaping device for precision casting machine tool castings according to claim 8, characterized in that: A support plate is fixedly installed at one end of the outer mold shell near the conveying platform, and an inclined plate is fixedly installed at the other end of the outer mold shell away from the support plate. Rollers are provided inside the inclined plate, and multiple sets of rollers are provided.

10. The internal stress relief and shaping device for precision casting machine tool castings according to claim 9, characterized in that: A vertical rod is fixedly installed at the bottom of the outer mold groove, and a top ball is fixedly installed at the upper end of the vertical rod. The top ball is located below one side of the bottom frame.

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