Disc type tunnel inverted arch steel bar bending device

Abstract

The application discloses a disc type tunnel inverted arch steel bar bending device and belongs to the technical field of tunnel lining construction, which comprises a box body, a fixed column fixedly connected to the box body, a rotating disc rotatably connected to the box body and fixedly connected with a blocking column, a plurality of bending columns detachably connected to the rotating disc, the plurality of bending columns being arranged in an arc shape to limit the shape of the bent steel bar, a recording paper connected to the box body, and a dotting needle connected to the bending column, wherein the dotting needle dots on the recording paper when the bending column rotates through the recording paper along with the rotating disc, so as to record the bending time and diameter specification of the steel bar. The device can realize one-time accurate bending forming of the inverted arch large-radius arc main reinforcement, the curvature of the device is consistent with the design radius, the bending angle is accurately controllable, and the quality of the finished product is stable. The device does not need to be repeatedly adjusted and positioned during the processing process, the labor intensity is low, the efficiency is high, the device can be used by relying on the existing bending equipment, is suitable for various bending specifications, has high universality, and is convenient for on-site popularization and application.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of tunnel lining construction technology, specifically relating to a disc-type tunnel invert arch steel bar bending device. Background Technology

[0002] In the construction of highway tunnel inverts, the main reinforcing bars of the invert are usually curved. Currently, the construction process of on-site processing and simultaneous installation is commonly adopted. The bending and shaping mainly takes the following two forms: Firstly, a bending machine is used to bend the reinforcing bars into place in one go. This method can achieve a small bending radius, which cannot meet the requirements of the large radius arc forming of the inverted arch, resulting in a large curvature deviation after forming. At the same time, it is difficult to precisely control the bending angle of the upper and lower layers of main reinforcing bars. If the bending angle of the lower layer of reinforcing bars is too small, the reserved reinforcing bars are prone to inward bending, resulting in insufficient spacing between the upper and lower layers of reinforcing bars. If the bending angle of the lower layer of reinforcing bars is too large, the upper layer of reinforcing bars will be close to the initial support surface, encroaching on the space for laying the waterproof membrane and installing the longitudinal drainage pipes, affecting the normal construction of subsequent processes.

[0003] Secondly, the steel bars are segmented using a bending machine and gradually bent into shape after multiple adjustments to their positioning. While this method can improve curvature control to some extent, it requires repeated positioning adjustments, resulting in low processing accuracy, unstable finished product quality, high scrap rate, high labor intensity for workers, and long processing time per piece, leading to low overall construction efficiency.

[0004] Furthermore, the existing bending process lacks methods for recording processing information. Information such as bending time and diameter specifications of the reinforcing bars relies on manual record-keeping, which is prone to omissions and errors. This makes it difficult to trace back quality issues and hinders construction quality control. In summary, the existing bending technology for main reinforcing bars in inverted arches has significant shortcomings in terms of bending radius adaptability, bending angle control accuracy, processing efficiency, finished product stability, and processing information traceability, and urgently needs further improvement. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the problems existing in the prior art, a disc-type tunnel invert reinforcement bending device is provided. This device can achieve precise bending and forming of large-radius arc-shaped main reinforcement bars of the invert arch in one step, with the curvature consistent with the design arc, the bending angle precisely controllable, and the finished product quality stable. The processing does not require repeated positioning adjustments, resulting in low labor intensity, high efficiency, and compatibility with existing bending equipment. It is also adaptable to various bending specifications, has strong versatility, and is easy to promote and apply in the field.

[0006] This invention provides a disc-type tunnel invert reinforcement bending device, comprising: The box body is fixedly connected to a fixed column, which is used to withstand the reaction force when the steel bar bends; A turntable is rotatably connected to the housing and is fixedly connected to a stop post. When the stop post rotates with the turntable, it causes the steel bars to bend. A plurality of bent columns are detachably connected to the turntable, and the plurality of bent columns are arranged in an arc shape to define the shape of the steel bars after bending. Recording paper, which is connected to the housing; A dotting needle, which is connected to the bent column; As the bending column rotates with the turntable and passes over the recording paper, the dotting needle marks dots on the recording paper to record the bending time and diameter specifications of the reinforcing bar.

[0007] Furthermore, the bending column is slidably connected to a pressure block, one end of which protrudes from the bending column and a pressure spring abuts against the bending column.

[0008] Furthermore, the pressure block is fixedly connected to a sliding rod, which slides through the bending column. The dotting needle is slidably connected to the other end of the sliding rod and a first spring abuts against the sliding rod.

[0009] Furthermore, the bending post is slidably connected to a ratchet bar, and the bottom end of the pressure block is connected to a ratchet tooth that cooperates with the ratchet bar to achieve one-way locking of the pressure block. A second spring abuts between the ratchet bar and the bending post.

[0010] Furthermore, the housing is connected to a first electromagnet, and the ratchet is fixedly connected to a release rod; The first electromagnet forms a magnetic induction zone to attract the release rod, which in turn drives the ratchet to move, thereby releasing the one-way locking restriction on the pressure block.

[0011] Furthermore, the housing is connected to a micro switch that controls the energization of the first electromagnet, and the turntable is connected to a protrusion that can touch the micro switch.

[0012] Furthermore, the housing is connected to an adjustment plate, which is rotatably connected to a paper roller and a take-up roller. One end of the recording paper is wound around the paper roller, and the other end is wound around the take-up roller. The take-up roller is connected to a take-up motor that drives its rotation.

[0013] Furthermore, the adjusting plate is slidably connected to a pressure plate located above the dotting needle, a third spring abuts between the pressure plate and the adjusting plate, and the adjusting plate is connected to a second electromagnet that attracts the pressure plate.

[0014] Furthermore, the adjustment plate is connected to a photoelectric switch that controls the second electromagnet to be de-energized, and an induction plate that cooperates with the photoelectric switch is connected above the bending column.

[0015] Furthermore, the adjusting plate is slidably connected to a swing plate, the swing plate is rotatably connected to a column, and the column is threadedly connected to the housing. The adjusting plate is fixedly connected to a screw rod, the screw rod is threadedly connected to a nut that abuts against the swing plate, and the swing plate is threadedly connected to a screw that abuts against the column.

[0016] In the above technical solution, the disc-type tunnel invert reinforcement bending device provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention uses a turntable in conjunction with an arc-shaped bending column structure to achieve precise bending and forming of the large-radius arc-shaped main reinforcement of the invert arch in one step. The curvature is completely consistent with the design arc, and the bending angle is precisely controllable. This effectively avoids the problems of large curvature deviation and unstable finished product quality caused by multiple positioning adjustments in traditional processes, and significantly improves the finished product qualification rate and quality consistency of the invert arch reinforcement processing.

[0017] 2. This invention features an automatic recording mechanism that combines a dotting needle with recording paper. As the bending column rotates with the turntable and passes over the recording paper, it automatically makes dots, recording the bending time and diameter of each steel bar in real time. This replaces manual record-keeping, eliminates omissions and errors, and allows for accurate traceability in case of quality issues, significantly improving the level of construction quality control and traceability efficiency.

[0018] 3. The dotting triggering mechanism of the present invention adopts a transmission design of pressure block, pressure spring and slide bar, and is combined with a one-way locking structure composed of ratchet and ratchet to ensure that the pressure block is locked in one direction after being pressed and will not rebound. The dotting action is stable and reliable, the dotting force is uniform and consistent each time, and the recorded traces are clear and distinguishable, avoiding the problem of blurred dotting or repeated dotting caused by the rebound of the mechanism.

[0019] 4. The present invention is equipped with an automatic release mechanism that links the first electromagnet with a micro switch. When the turntable rotates to the set position, the protrusion touches the micro switch, the electromagnet is energized to attract the release rod and drive the ratchet to move, automatically releasing the one-way locking of the pressure block, so that the pressure block is reset to prepare for the next marking. The whole process does not require manual intervention, has a high degree of automation, and the timing of the action is precise.

[0020] 5. The recording paper of the present invention adopts an automatic paper feeding structure with paper roller and take-up roller. Before dotting, after the photoelectric switch detects the signal of the induction plate, the second electromagnet is de-energized, the third spring drives the pressure plate to move, the pressure plate drives the dotting needle to dot, and the recording paper only automatically rewinds, ensuring that the paper surface is flat and without deviation when dotting, the dotting position is accurate, and the recording process is fully automatic.

[0021] 6. This invention features a two-dimensional adjustment mechanism consisting of a swing plate and an adjustment plate. The vertical height of the adjustment plate is adjusted by a column, and the horizontal position of the adjustment plate is adjusted by a screw and a nut. This allows for flexible adjustment of the relative position between the recording paper and the turntable, adapting to the processing requirements of steel bars with different diameters and different bending radii. The device is highly versatile, easy to adjust, and has a wide range of applications. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the overall structure disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional view of the overall structure disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention (excluding the bent column); Figure 3 This is a top view of the overall structure disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a top view of the magnetic induction zone structure disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is an enlarged view of the paper roller and dotting needle structure disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a perspective view of the adjustment plate portion structure disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a perspective view of the bent column structure disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the dot marking on the recording paper under standard conditions as disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the dot marking on the recording paper under abnormal conditions as disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Housing; 2. Turntable; 3. Fixed column; 4. Stop column; 5. Bending column; 6. Upright column; 7. Insertion hole; 8. Protrusion; 9. Micro switch; 10. Rotating shaft; 11. Magnetic induction zone; 12. First electromagnet; 13. Swing plate; 14. Adjustment plate; 15. Photoelectric switch; 16. Induction plate; 17. Second electromagnet; 18. Pressure plate; 19. Dotting needle; 20. Paper roller; 21. Pressure block; 22. Ratchet; 23. Release rod; 24. Pressure shaft; 25. Rewinding roller; 26. Rewinding motor. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the technical solutions of this application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with specific embodiments and corresponding drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0025] like Figures 1-9 As shown, this embodiment discloses a rebar bending device for a disc-type tunnel invert, comprising: The box 1 has a bending motor fixedly connected inside it. The output shaft of the bending motor is connected to a rotating shaft 10, which is rotatably connected to the box 1. The upper end of the rotating shaft 10 passes through the box 1 and is fixedly connected to a turntable 2. The bending motor drives the turntable 2 to rotate via the rotating shaft 10. The transmission chain is short and the structure is compact. The bending motor has a built-in encoder that records the rotation angle of the turntable 2 in real time, providing a data basis for the precise control of the bending angle and the verification of subsequent processing information. The radius of the turntable 2 is larger than the design bending radius of the inverted arch steel bar to ensure the forming space of the large radius arc. The housing 1 is rotatably connected with several traveling wheels, which facilitates the overall movement of the housing 1.

[0026] The turntable 2 has several rows of insertion holes 7, each row of insertion holes 7 is arranged in an arc shape, and the arc radius of each row of insertion holes 7 corresponds to the design bending radius of the inverted arch steel bars of different specifications; the inner wall of the insertion hole 7 has a keyway, when the bent column 5 is inserted into the insertion hole 7, the keyway guides the bent column 5 and restricts its circumferential rotation, ensuring that the bent column 5 has a unique position after installation and does not deflect when subjected to force, thereby ensuring the stability of the forming curvature; The bent column 5 can be detachably connected to the turntable 2 via the insertion hole 7. When processing inverted arch steel bars of different curvatures and specifications, it is only necessary to insert the bent column 5 into the corresponding row of insertion holes 7. It is easy to replace and the device is highly versatile. The fixed column 3, the stop column 4 and the bent column 5 can all be made of φ42×4 small guide tubes, which are easy to obtain, low in cost and convenient for on-site processing and replacement.

[0027] Meanwhile, to ensure that the bent columns 5 have sufficient structural strength when subjected to bending forces, an arc-shaped reinforcing steel bar with the same curvature as the bent columns 5 is welded above the bent columns 5. The arc-shaped reinforcing steel bar is connected with each bent column 5 to form an integral load-bearing frame, which enhances the overall structural rigidity of the bent columns 5 and prevents the bent columns 5 from tilting or deforming under the action of lateral bending forces during the bending process of the steel bar. This ensures the stability of the curvature of the bent columns 5 and further ensures the forming curvature accuracy of the inverted arch steel bars.

[0028] The box body 1 is fixedly connected to a fixed column 3. The fixed column 3 is used to bear the reaction force when the steel bar is bent, so as to avoid the bending reaction force being transmitted to the box body 1 and causing the box body 1 to shake, thus ensuring the stability of the bending process.

[0029] Turntable 2 is fixedly connected to a stop post 4. The reinforcing bars are placed between the fixed post 3, the stop post 4 and the bending post 5. When turntable 2 rotates, the stop post 4 drives the reinforcing bars to bend around the curved bending post 5, realizing the one-time precise bending and forming of the large-radius arc-shaped main reinforcing bar of the inverted arch. The forming curvature is completely consistent with the design curvature, and the bending angle is precise and controllable. It effectively eliminates the problem of the lower layer reinforcing bars being cut inward or encroaching on the installation space of the waterproof board and longitudinal drainage pipe in the traditional process. The finished product has a high qualification rate and stable quality.

[0030] It also includes a recording paper. The bending column 5 is connected to a dotting needle 19. When the bending column 5 rotates with the turntable 2 and passes the recording paper, the dotting needle 19 makes dots on the recording paper to record the bending time and diameter specifications of the steel bars. This replaces manual filling in of ledgers, eliminates omissions and errors, and allows for accurate traceability when quality problems occur, greatly improving the level of construction quality control.

[0031] The bending column 5 is slidably connected to a pressure block 21. A pressure spring abuts between the pressure block 21 and the bending column 5. One end of the pressure spring is connected to the bending column 5, and the other end of the pressure spring is connected to the pressure block 21. The elastic force of the pressure spring causes one end of the pressure block 21 to protrude from the bending column 5.

[0032] The trajectory of the stop post 4 as the turntable 2 rotates is fixed, and the position of the bending post 5 after being inserted into the insertion hole 7 is fixed. Therefore, the gap between the stop post 4 and the bending post 5 for the steel bar to pass through is determined. When the steel bar is driven by the stop post 4 to press against the bending post 5; The surface of the reinforcing bar presses the pressure block 21 into the bending column 5. The larger the diameter of the reinforcing bar, the more the part exceeds the fixed gap, the greater the depth of the pressure block 21 being pressed in, and the greater the compression of the spring. The smaller the diameter of the reinforcing bar, the smaller the pressing depth. The pressing amount of the pressure block 21 corresponds one-to-one with the diameter of the reinforcing bar, thereby converting the diameter specification of the reinforcing bar into a measurable mechanical displacement, providing a sensing basis for the automatic recording of the diameter specification.

[0033] The pressure block 21 is fixedly connected to a slide rod, which is set in the horizontal direction. The slide rod slides through the bending column 5. The dotting needle 19 is slidably connected to the other end of the slide rod, and a first spring abuts between the dotting needle 19 and the slide rod. The dotting needle 19 can only slide in the vertical direction. One end of the first spring is connected to the dotting needle 19, and the other end is connected to the slide rod. The first spring realizes the reset of the dotting needle 19 after dotting.

[0034] The pressing displacement of the pressure block 21 is synchronously transmitted to the dotting needle 19 via the slide bar, so that the needle tip position of the dotting needle 19 corresponds to the current pressing amount in real time; the first spring makes the dotting needle 19 float elastically relative to the slide bar, and the pressure plate 18 forms a buffer when pressing down on the dotting needle 19, which not only ensures that the dotting marks are clear and uniform, but also avoids the dotting needle 19 rigidly hitting the recording paper, causing needle breakage or paper damage, thus extending the service life of the dotting mechanism.

[0035] The bending post 5 is slidably connected to a ratchet 22, and the bottom end of the pressure block 21 is connected to a ratchet tooth that cooperates with the ratchet 22. A second spring is abutting between the ratchet 22 and the bending post 5. The upper end of the second spring is connected to the ratchet 22, and the lower end is connected to the bending post 5. The elastic force of the second spring keeps the ratchet 22 and the ratchet tooth in a cooperative state. After the pressure block 21 is pressed into the steel bar, the second spring pushes the ratchet 22 to engage with the ratchet teeth, forming a one-way lock. The pressure block 21 cannot spring back after being pressed in, and the maximum pressing amount is mechanically maintained to ensure that the pressing amount data is not lost or attenuated when marking. When the pressure plate 18 presses down on the marking needle 19 to mark on the recording paper, the offset of the marking mark relative to the reference position is the pressing amount, thereby indirectly and accurately recording the actual diameter specification of the steel bar.

[0036] The housing 1 is connected to a first electromagnet 12, and a release rod 23 is fixedly connected to a ratchet 22. When the first electromagnet 12 is energized, it forms a magnetic induction zone 11. When the release rod 23 enters the magnetic induction zone 11 as the turntable 2 rotates, the first electromagnet 12 attracts the release rod 23. The release rod 23 drives the ratchet 22 to move and disengage from the ratchet, releasing the one-way locking restriction on the pressure block 21. The pressure spring pushes the pressure block 21 to reset, preparing for the processing of the next steel bar. The reset process does not require manual intervention and has a high degree of automation.

[0037] The housing 1 is connected to a micro switch 9 that controls the energization of the first electromagnet 12. The turntable 2 is connected to a protrusion 8 that can touch the micro switch 9. When the turntable 2 rotates to the set position, the protrusion 8 touches the micro switch 9, the first electromagnet 12 is energized, and the release action is strictly synchronized with the rotation angle of the turntable 2, with precise timing.

[0038] The micro switch 9 is fixed on the housing 1 and corresponds to the position of the protrusion 8 when the turntable 2 is in the initial position, that is, the starting position of the stop post 4 when the steel bar is clamped; the micro switch 9 is a mechanical contact switch, which has a normally open contact and a reset spring inside. When the external contact is pressed, the normally open contact closes and the circuit is connected. When the pressing force is removed, the reset spring pushes the contact to automatically open. It has the advantages of sensitive action, short trigger stroke and reliable switching. After the bending operation begins, the turntable 2 rotates in the forward direction, and the protrusion 8 moves away from the micro switch 9 along with the turntable 2. The micro switch 9 is in the open state, the first electromagnet 12 is de-energized, and the ratchet 22 remains engaged with the ratchet under the action of the second spring, ensuring that the locking of the pressure block 21 is reliable throughout the bending and dotting process. When the bending is completed and the turntable 2 returns to its initial position, the protrusion 8 touches and presses the contact of the micro switch 9, the micro switch 9 closes, the first electromagnet 12 is energized to form a magnetic induction zone 11, which attracts the release rod 23 into the magnetic induction zone 11. The release rod 23 drives the ratchet 22 to disengage from the ratchet teeth, and the compression spring pushes the pressure block 21 to reset. The first electromagnet 12 is energized only for a fixed set time each time. This time is limited to the release rod 23 action and the pressure block 21 reset. After the energizing time reaches the set value, the first electromagnet 12 is automatically de-energized to prepare for the bending and locking of the next steel bar.

[0039] The energization of the first electromagnet 12 is controlled by a time relay. The micro switch 9, the time relay, and the first electromagnet 12 are electrically connected in sequence. When the micro switch 9 is closed by the protrusion 8, it only outputs a trigger signal to the time relay. After receiving the trigger signal, the internal contacts of the time relay connect the power supply circuit of the first electromagnet 12, energizing the first electromagnet 12. At the same time, the time relay starts timing. When the energization time reaches the set value of the time relay, its internal contacts automatically open, cutting off the power supply circuit of the first electromagnet 12, and the first electromagnet 12 is de-energized. The energizing duration of the first electromagnet 12 is determined by the setting value of the time relay and is independent of the contact duration of the protrusion 8 touching the micro switch 9. Even if the protrusion 8 immediately moves away from the micro switch 9, the first electromagnet 12 can still be energized for the set duration, thereby ensuring that the release rod 23 is stably attracted and the pressure block 21 is reset before being de-energized. The action process is not affected by the rotation speed of the turntable 2. This setting value can be pre-adjusted according to the actual action time required for the pressure block 21 to reset, which is convenient to adjust and highly adaptable.

[0040] The housing 1 is connected to an adjustment plate 14, which is rotatably connected to a paper roller 20, a take-up roller 25, and a pressure shaft 24. One end of the recording paper is wound around the paper roller 20, and the other end is wound around the take-up roller 25. The pressure shaft 24 is used to press the paper, which presses the recording paper tightly at the dot position to ensure that the paper surface at the dot position is flat and taut, the paper feed is smooth, and the dot position is accurate and does not deviate.

[0041] The take-up roller 25 is connected to a take-up motor 26 that drives its rotation. The take-up motor 26 is linked with the bending motor. When the bending motor starts, the take-up motor 26 starts synchronously. The recording paper moves from the paper roller 20 to the take-up roller 25 at a constant speed. Since the displacement of the recording paper is proportional to time, the length direction of the paper surface forms a time axis. The same row of bending columns 5 passes through the dotting position and marks the dot in sequence with the turntable 2. The distribution position of each dot along the paper surface corresponds one-to-one with the bending time, realizing the automatic recording of bending time.

[0042] The adjusting plate 14 is slidably connected to the pressure plate 18 located above the dotting needle 19. A third spring abuts between the pressure plate 18 and the adjusting plate 14. The adjusting plate 14 is connected to a second electromagnet 17 that attracts the pressure plate 18. The adjusting plate 14 is connected to a photoelectric switch 15 that controls the second electromagnet 17 to be de-energized. A sensing plate 16 that cooperates with the photoelectric switch 15 is connected above the bending column 5. Under normal conditions, the second electromagnet 17 is energized to attract the pressure plate 18, and the third spring is in a compressed and energy-storing state. When the bending column 5 rotates with the turntable 2 to the recording paper, the induction plate 16 triggers the photoelectric switch 15, the second electromagnet 17 is de-energized, and the third spring drives the pressure plate 18 to press down the dotting needle 19 to complete the dotting. The dotting trigger and the bending column 5 are strictly synchronized. The dotting action is crisp and clean, and the recorded traces are clearly identifiable.

[0043] The power supply to the second electromagnet 17 is controlled by a time relay. The photoelectric switch 15, the time relay, and the second electromagnet 17 are connected in sequence. Under normal conditions, the normally closed contact of the time relay remains closed, the second electromagnet 17 is energized, the attracting plate 18 overcomes the elastic force of the third spring, the third spring is in a compressed and energy-storing state, and the dotting needle 19 remains separated from the recording paper. When the bending column 5 rotates with the turntable 2 to the dotting position, the sensing plate 16 triggers the photoelectric switch 15. The photoelectric switch 15 outputs a trigger signal to the time relay. After receiving the trigger signal, the normally closed contact of the time relay opens, cutting off the power supply circuit of the second electromagnet 17. The second electromagnet 17 is de-energized, and the attraction force on the pressure plate 18 disappears. The third spring releases its elastic potential energy and drives the pressure plate 18 to press down the dotting needle 19, completing the dotting action. At the same time, the time relay starts timing. When the power outage time reaches the set value of the time relay, its normally closed contact automatically returns to closed, the power supply circuit of the second electromagnet 17 is turned on, the second electromagnet 17 is automatically re-energized, the pressure plate 18 is re-attracted to rise and reset, the third spring is compressed and stored again, and the dotting needle 19 is removed from the recording paper to prepare for the next dotting. The duration of each power-off of the second electromagnet 17 is determined by the setting value of the time relay. This duration is limited to the time required for the pressure plate 18 to press down the dotting needle 19 to complete the dotting action and leave a stable dotting mark. It is independent of the duration of the induction plate 16 passing through the photoelectric switch 15, ensuring that the pressing time of each dotting is consistent, the dotting force is uniform, the recorded mark is clear and uniform, and the pressure plate 18 can automatically reset after dotting. The action sequence strictly corresponds to the rotation stroke of the turntable 2, and no manual operation is required throughout the process.

[0044] The adjusting plate 14 is slidably connected to the swing plate 13, the swing plate 13 is rotatably connected to the column 6, and the column 6 is threadedly connected to the housing 1; the adjusting plate 14 is fixedly connected to the screw rod, and the screw rod is threadedly connected to the nut that abuts against the swing plate 13 to lock the relative position of the adjusting plate 14 and the swing plate 13; the swing plate 13 has a sliding hole, and the screw rod is slidably disposed in the sliding hole. The swing plate 13 is threadedly connected to a screw that abuts against the column 6 to lock the rotation position of the swing plate 13. Rotating the column 6 can adjust the height of the adjustment plate 14, and the nut on the adjusting screw can adjust the horizontal position of the adjustment plate 14, thereby flexibly adjusting the relative position between the recording paper and the turntable 2 and the dotting needle 19. It is suitable for processing steel bars of different diameters and different bending radii, and is easy to adjust and has a wide range of applications.

[0045] Based on the above structure, this device can also identify abnormal steel bar specifications: when processing steel bars of the same batch, the same row of insertion holes 7 are used. Under normal circumstances, the offset of each dot relative to the reference position is consistent and the dot spacing is uniform. When the diameter of a steel bar is larger than the standard model, the pressing amount of its pressure block 21 increases, the offset of the corresponding marking point increases, and the bending resistance increases, which increases the load on the bending motor and reduces the speed. The time interval between adjacent bending columns 5 passing through the marking point position becomes longer, and the marking point spacing on the paper becomes larger. When the diameter of the steel bar is smaller than the standard model, the pressing amount decreases, the marking point offset decreases, and the marking point spacing becomes smaller.

[0046] Therefore, the offset and spacing of the marking points corresponding to incorrectly sized rebars will simultaneously exhibit abnormal abrupt changes, creating a clear contrast with the preceding and following normal records. This allows for rapid location of the abnormal rebars and their processing time, enabling precise traceability. It should be noted that the change in marking point spacing is based on the premise that the bending motor speed varies with the load. In practical applications, the judgment is primarily based on the pressing amount (marking point offset), supplemented by the marking point spacing verification. Furthermore, combining this with the encoder-recorded rotation angle and time of turntable 2 can further corroborate the results, making the judgment more reliable.

[0047] As another implementation method, a positioning hole can be opened in the center of the turntable 2, which can be directly fitted onto the center limiting column of the working plate of an ordinary steel bar bending machine. The turntable 2 is driven to rotate synchronously by the original center limiting column of the bending machine, and the column 6 is screwed into the threaded hole opened in the working plate to fix the marking mechanism. No modification to the existing bending machine is required, which further reduces the application threshold of the device and makes it highly applicable on site.

[0048] A method for bending the reinforcing bars of a disc-shaped tunnel invert, using the aforementioned disc-shaped tunnel invert reinforcing bar bending device, includes the following steps: S1: According to the design curvature and diameter specifications of the inverted arch steel bars to be processed, insert several bent columns 5 into a row of insertion holes 7 with corresponding curvature along the keyway guide, rotate the column 6 to adjust the height of the adjustment plate 14, adjust the nut on the screw to adjust the horizontal position of the adjustment plate 14, so that the recording paper and the dotting needle 19 are aligned, tighten the nut and screw, and lock the position of the adjustment plate 14 and the swing plate 13. S2: Place the reinforcing bar between the fixed column 3, the stop column 4 and the bent column 5, with the front end of the reinforcing bar against the first bent column 5, and reserve the exposed length of the end as required by the design. S3: Start the bending motor, which drives the turntable 2 to rotate via the rotating shaft 10. The encoder synchronously records the rotation angle of the turntable 2. The winding motor 26 starts in conjunction with the motor. The recording paper feeds from the paper roller 20 to the winding roller 25 at a uniform speed. The pressure shaft 24 presses the recording paper tightly at the dotted position. The stop column 4 drives the steel bars to gradually bend around the curved bending column 5. The fixed column 3 bears the bending reaction force. The steel bars are bent into shape in one go along the arc of the bending column 5. S4: During the bending process, the steel bar presses against the pressure block 21 on the surface of each bending column 5. The pressure block 21 is pressed in and compressed by the spring. The ratchet 22 engages with the ratchet tooth in one direction to lock it. The maximum pressing amount of the pressure block 21 is maintained. The pressing amount is transmitted to the dotting needle 19 through the slide rod. The needle tip position of the dotting needle 19 corresponds to the pressing amount one by one. S5: When each bending column 5 passes through the recording paper in sequence, the sensor 16 triggers the photoelectric switch 15, the second electromagnet 17 is de-energized, and the third spring drives the pressure plate 18 to press down the dotting needle 19 to make dots on the recording paper. The distribution of each dot along the length of the paper records the bending time, and the offset of the dot relative to the reference position records the pressing amount, i.e. the diameter specification of the steel bar. S6: When the encoder detects that the turntable 2 has rotated to the set bending angle, the bending motor and the winding motor 26 stop, the formed steel bar is removed, and the offset of each dot on the recording paper is consistent and the spacing is uniform, which is the complete processing file of the qualified batch; if the diameter of a steel bar is larger than the standard model, the offset of its corresponding dot increases and the dot spacing increases, and if the diameter is smaller than the standard model, the offset decreases and the dot spacing decreases. Based on this abnormal change, the abnormal steel bar and its processing time can be quickly located, so as to achieve accurate quality traceability; S7: When the turntable 2 rotates back to the initial position, the protrusion 8 touches the micro switch 9, the first electromagnet 12 is energized to form a magnetic induction zone 11, attracting the release rod 23 to drive the ratchet 22 to disengage from the ratchet, releasing the one-way lock on the pressure block 21, and the pressure spring pushes the pressure block 21 to reset, preparing for the processing of the next steel bar.

[0049] Formulas and principles for calculating the injection amount P and time interval T: The trajectory of the stop post 4 as the turntable 2 rotates is fixed, the position of the bent post 5 after being inserted into the insertion hole 7 is fixed, and the gap between the two for the steel bar to pass through is a fixed value, which is designed according to the standard steel bar diameter. Let the standard steel bar diameter be D0 (unit: mm), and the actual steel bar diameter be D (unit: mm). When a steel bar with diameter D0 is bent, the pressing amount of the pressure block 21 is the standard pressing amount P0 (unit: mm), and the actual pressing amount is P (unit: mm). One end of the pressure block 21 protrudes from the surface of the bending column 5. When the steel bar passes through, it is pressed into the bending column 5. The pressing amount of the pressure block 21 corresponds one-to-one with the steel bar diameter, thereby converting the steel bar diameter specification into a measurable mechanical displacement.

[0050] Calculation of the injection amount P (two cases): When D < D0 (the diameter of the steel bar is less than the standard value), there is radial excess space in the steel bar within the fixed gap. When bending, the degree of pressure of the steel bar on the pressure block 21 decreases proportionally with the diameter, and the amount of pressure is approximately proportional to the diameter: P = P0·(D / D0). When D > D0 (the diameter of the steel bar is greater than the standard value), the portion of the steel bar diameter that exceeds the fixed gap must be accommodated by the inward retraction of the pressure block 21. The excess radius is (D-D0) / 2. Since the cylindrical surface of the steel bar and the protruding end of the pressure block 21 are in point contact, the radial excess is reduced after being transmitted through contact geometry. Therefore, a contact transmission coefficient k (0 < k < 1, calibrated by the standard test bar) is introduced: P = P0 + k·(D-D0) / 2. Calculation of time interval T (two cases): The winding motor 26 winds the paper at a constant speed. Assume the paper feed speed is... v (Unit: mm / s) v As a constant, the displacement of the recording paper is proportional to time, and the length direction of the paper forms the time axis; When processing steel bars with a diameter of D0, the time interval between two adjacent bent columns 5 passing through the marked position is the standard time interval T0 (in seconds), and the actual time interval is T (in seconds). The bending resistance of circular cross-section steel bars increases with the increase of diameter. When the load torque of the bending motor increases, the speed decreases, the speed of turntable 2 decreases, and the time interval between adjacent bending columns 5 passing the dotted position becomes longer. Because the mechanical characteristic curve of the bending motor is flat near no-load and drops sharply in the load region, the effects of a larger or smaller diameter on the speed are asymmetrical, requiring segmented calculations: When D < D0: T = T0 - β2·(D0 - D); When D > D0: T = T0 + β1·(D-D0); In the formula: β1 and β2 are speed sensitivity coefficients, which are calibrated by a standard test bar, and β1 > β2; Let the spacing between adjacent dots on the recording paper be S (in mm), then S = v •T, the time interval T = S / v can be calculated by measuring the distance S between adjacent dots on the paper, and this can be verified with the amount of pressure P to achieve dual judgment.

[0051] The diameter of the reinforcing bar can be calculated from the recording paper: The dotting needle 19 is linked to the pressure block 21 via the sliding rod. After the pressure block 21 is pressed in, it is locked in one direction by the ratchet 22. The maximum pressing amount is mechanically maintained. The offset of the dot on the recording paper relative to the reference position is the actual pressing amount P. After reading P, the actual diameter of the reinforcing bar can be calculated. When P≤P0: D=D0·P / P0; When P > P0: D = D0 + 2(P - P0) / k; This allows for the quantitative determination of the actual specifications of abnormal reinforcing bars.

[0052] The following are the signs when incorrect specifications are mixed into a batch of steel bars: The same batch of steel bars uses the same row of insertion holes 7. Under normal circumstances, the offset of each dot relative to the reference position is consistent and the dot spacing is uniform. If a steel bar has an incorrect specification, its corresponding dot offset and dot spacing will show abnormal changes at the same time, forming a clear contrast with the normal records before and after. Based on this, the abnormal steel bar and its processing time can be quickly located, and accurate traceability can be achieved. It should be noted that the change in the dot spacing is based on the premise that the bending motor speed changes with the load. In actual application, the judgment is mainly based on the amount of pressure and secondarily on the dot spacing. It can also be verified by combining the rotation angle and time of the turntable 2 recorded by the encoder, so that the judgment result is more reliable.

[0053] Example verification (corresponding) Figure 8 , Figure 9 , Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the dot marking on the recording paper under standard conditions as disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention. Figure 9 (This is a schematic diagram of the dot marking on the recording paper under abnormal conditions disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention). Before processing, standard steel bars are used for bending tests for calibration. Taking a standard steel bar with a diameter D0 = 10 mm as an example, the calibration results are P0 = 1 mm, T0 = 2 s, k = 0.5, β1 = 0.2 s / mm, and β2 = 0.1 s / mm. Under standard conditions, such as Figure 8 As shown, each dot is located on the 1mm mark on the paper, and the time interval between adjacent dots is 2 seconds, resulting in uniform and consistent recording. When the operator mistakenly put in a 12mm steel bar (D>D0): P=1+0.5×(12-10) / 2=1.5mm, T=2+0.2×(12-10)=2.4s, the mark offset and mark spacing are both greater than the standard record; When the operator mistakenly put in an 8mm steel bar (D < D0): P = 1 × (8 / 10) = 0.8mm, T = 2 - 0.1 × (10 - 8) = 1.8s, the mark offset and mark spacing are both less than the standard record; like Figure 9 As shown, the offset of the marking points and the spacing of the marking points corresponding to the abnormal steel bars deviate from the standard records at the same time, forming a significant contrast with the normal marking points before and after. Based on this, the abnormality can be determined, and the actual diameter of the steel bar can be quantitatively determined by the back calculation formula.

[0054] The embodiments of this application have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many other forms under the guidance of this application without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims, and all of these forms are within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A disc-type tunnel invert reinforcement bending device, characterized in that, include: The box body (1) is fixedly connected to a fixed column (3), which is used to bear the reaction force when the steel bar bends; A turntable (2) is rotatably connected to the box (1) and is fixedly connected to a stop post (4). When the stop post (4) rotates with the turntable (2), it causes the steel bars to bend. A plurality of bent columns (5) are detachably connected to the turntable (2), and the plurality of bent columns (5) are arranged in an arc shape to define the shape of the steel bars after bending. Recording paper, which is connected to the housing (1); Dotting needle (19), which is connected to the bending column (5); When the bending column (5) passes the recording paper as the turntable (2) rotates, the dotting needle (19) marks dots on the recording paper to record the bending time and diameter specifications of the steel bar.

2. The disc-type tunnel invert reinforcement bending device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bending column (5) is slidably connected to a pressure block (21), one end of which protrudes from the bending column (5) and a pressure spring abuts against the bending column (5).

3. The disc-type tunnel invert reinforcement bending device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The pressure block (21) is fixedly connected to a sliding rod, which slides through the bending column (5). The dotting needle (19) is slidably connected to the other end of the sliding rod and a first spring abuts against the sliding rod.

4. The disc-type tunnel invert reinforcement bending device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The bending post (5) is slidably connected to a ratchet (22), and the bottom end of the pressure block (21) is connected to a ratchet tooth that cooperates with the ratchet (22) to achieve one-way locking of the pressure block (21). A second spring abuts between the ratchet (22) and the bending post (5).

5. A disc-type tunnel invert reinforcement bending device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The housing (1) is connected to a first electromagnet (12), and the ratchet (22) is fixedly connected to a release rod (23). The first electromagnet (12) forms a magnetic induction zone (11) to attract the release rod (23), and the release rod (23) drives the ratchet (22) to move to release the one-way locking restriction on the pressure block (21).

6. The disc-type tunnel invert reinforcement bending device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The housing (1) is connected to a micro switch (9) that controls the first electromagnet (12) to be energized, and the turntable (2) is connected to a protrusion (8) that can touch the micro switch (9).

7. The disc-type tunnel invert reinforcement bending device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The housing (1) is connected to an adjustment plate (14), and the adjustment plate (14) is rotatably connected to a paper roller (20) and a take-up roller (25). One end of the recording paper is wound around the paper roller (20), and the other end is wound around the take-up roller (25). The take-up roller (25) is connected to a take-up motor (26) that drives it to rotate.

8. A disc-type tunnel invert reinforcement bending device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The adjusting plate (14) is slidably connected to a pressure plate (18) located above the dotting needle (19). A third spring abuts between the pressure plate (18) and the adjusting plate (14). The adjusting plate (14) is connected to a second electromagnet (17) that attracts the pressure plate (18).

9. A disc-type tunnel invert reinforcement bending device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The adjustment plate (14) is connected to a photoelectric switch (15) that controls the second electromagnet (17) to be de-energized, and an induction plate (16) that cooperates with the photoelectric switch (15) is connected above the bending column (5).

10. A disc-type tunnel invert reinforcement bending device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The adjusting plate (14) is slidably connected to the swing plate (13), the swing plate (13) is rotatably connected to the column (6), and the column (6) is threadedly connected to the box body (1). The adjusting plate (14) is fixedly connected to a screw rod, the screw rod is threadedly connected to a nut that abuts against the swing plate (13), and the swing plate (13) is threadedly connected to a screw that abuts against the column (6).

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