Spindle protection device for composite five-axis machining center and method of using same
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202611391295.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2026-09-09
- Publication Date
- 2026-10-16
Smart Images
Figure CN122913533A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of five-axis machining technology for composite materials, and more specifically, to a spindle protection device for a five-axis machining center for composite materials and its usage method. Background Technology
[0002] Five-axis composite machining refers to composite material processing equipment with the ability to perform simultaneous machining on five axes. It is mainly used for the precision machining of composite material components such as carbon fiber and glass fiber. During the machining of these components, the spindle, as the core component that directly drives the cutting tool to complete the cutting operation, is easily invaded by composite material debris and cutting dust generated during machining. This not only wears down the internal bearings and transmission structure of the spindle, reducing the machining accuracy and service life of the spindle, but may also cause equipment failure due to dust accumulation. Therefore, targeted protective devices are needed to protect the spindle.
[0003] According to patent document CN10503198, a spindle protection device solves the problem of existing devices where the spindle comes into contact with corrosive gases. Its key feature is the installation of a protective device between the spindle flange and the transmission frame. The two end faces of the protective device are connected to the transmission frame and the spindle flange, respectively. The spindle flange, the protective device, and the transmission frame together form a sealed space. The holes on the transmission frame for the spindle to pass through are sealed by the protective device. The protective device includes a slewing bearing, a bearing housing, a protective cover, an upper pressure ring, and a lower pressure ring. The protective device is telescopic and its two ends can rotate relative to each other. The bearing housing lubricates the slewing bearing and is fitted with a screw plug. This invention, by setting up a protective device, forms a sealed space between the spindle flange and the transmission frame, completely sealing the exposed spindle and the pre-drilled holes on the transmission frame. Corrosive gases are isolated, protecting the spindle and internal parts of the transmission device from corrosion. The equipment has high protection performance, high operational reliability, and a long service life.
[0004] After a spindle completes a machining operation, its surface is often covered with a large amount of resin debris and fine dust generated from machining composite materials. These debris are usually corrosive and, if they adhere to the spindle surface for a long time, will slowly and continuously erode it, thereby damaging the surface finish and structural integrity of the spindle. In addition, after the spindle finishes a machining task, a protective coating is usually applied to the surface of the tool mounted on the spindle. However, the traditional workflow is to completely remove the tool from the spindle and then apply the coating separately. This method may involve cumbersome disassembly and assembly steps, requiring a lot of extra time, increasing the complexity and labor intensity of the operation. Moreover, during repeated disassembly and assembly, it is very easy to cause unnecessary bumps or micro-damage to the high-precision mating surfaces and positioning references of the spindle itself. This potential loss of precision will not only affect the accuracy of subsequent machining, but also significantly slow down the overall production rhythm and machining progress. Summary of the Invention
[0005] To overcome the aforementioned deficiencies of the prior art, this invention provides a spindle protection device for a composite five-axis machining center and its usage method. The technical problem this invention aims to solve is that a large amount of resin debris and fine dust generated from the processing of composite materials adhere to the spindle. These debris are usually corrosive, and if they adhere to the spindle surface for a long time, they will slowly and continuously erode it, thereby damaging the surface finish and structural integrity of the spindle. In addition, after the spindle finishes its machining task, a protective coating is usually applied to the surface of the tool mounted on the spindle. However, the traditional workflow is to completely remove the tool from the spindle and then apply the coating separately. This method may involve cumbersome disassembly and assembly steps, requiring a lot of extra time, increasing the complexity and labor intensity of operation. Moreover, during repeated disassembly and assembly, it is very easy to cause unnecessary bumps or micro-damage to the high-precision mating surfaces and positioning references of the spindle itself. This potential loss of precision will not only affect the accuracy of subsequent machining, but also significantly slow down the overall production rhythm and processing progress.
[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:
[0007] A spindle protection device for a composite material five-axis machining center includes a machining table, wherein the protection device is fixedly connected to the right side of the middle part of the machining table;
[0008] The processing table includes a processing bed, a circuit compartment is fixedly connected to the middle of the rear side of the processing bed, a transverse moving guide rail is fixedly connected to the top of the front side of the circuit compartment, a longitudinal guide rail is movably connected to the top of the transverse moving guide rail, a vertical guide rail is movably connected to the inner wall of the longitudinal guide rail, and a spindle is movably connected to the bottom of the front side of the vertical guide rail.
[0009] The protective device includes a protective control mechanism, and a surface cleaning mechanism is fixedly connected to the left side of the protective control mechanism.
[0010] As a further aspect of the present invention: the protective control mechanism includes a control frame, a retractable assembly is provided on the left side of the control frame, and a lubricant surface coating component is fixedly connected to the left side of the retractable assembly.
[0011] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the control frame includes two side plates, and horizontal connecting plates are fixedly connected to the front and rear sides of the right side of the two side plates. Side guide plates are fixedly connected to the left side of the outer side of the two sets of horizontal connecting plates. L-shaped guide rails are fixedly connected to the middle of the outer side of the two sets of side guide plates. Lubricating fluid tanks are fixedly connected to the inner side of the two sets of horizontal connecting plates. Vertical support plates are fixedly connected to the right side of the two sets of horizontal connecting plates. An air extraction chamber is fixedly connected to the top of the vertical support plate.
[0012] As a further embodiment of the present invention: M-shaped side plates are fixedly connected to the front and rear sides of the inner sides of the two side plates, springs are fixedly connected to the inner sides of the two M-shaped side plates, and retractable sliding plates are fixedly connected to the inner ends of the front and rear sets of springs. Side plates are fixedly connected to the left sides of the outer sides of the two M-shaped side plates. Concave guide blocks are fixedly connected to the top and bottom of the left side of the two left side plates. Columnar crossbars are fixedly connected to the top and bottom of the inner sides of the two left side plates. Convex bottom support plates are fixedly connected to the bottom of the front and rear sets of side plates.
[0013] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the inner walls of the two L-shaped guide rails are slidably connected with side L-shaped expansion and contraction crossbars, the rear sides of the two side L-shaped expansion and contraction crossbars are fixedly connected with expansion and contraction push rods, the rear middle of the lubricating fluid tank is fixedly connected with a bidirectional electric push rod, the front and rear ends of the bidirectional electric push rod are fixedly connected to the inner sides of the two expansion and contraction push rods, and the left side of the inner side of the two side L-shaped expansion and contraction crossbars is fixedly connected with expansion and contraction blocks.
[0014] As a further embodiment of the present invention: C-shaped rotating rods are rotatably connected to the middle of the inner side of each of the two M-shaped side uprights; rotating inclined rods are fixedly connected to the right side of each of the two C-shaped rotating rods; the right side of each of the two rotating inclined rods is rotatably connected to the right side of the inner side of each of the two L-shaped retractable crossbars; the left side of the inner side of each of the two C-shaped rotating rods is rotatably connected to the middle of the outer side of each of the two retractable sliding plates; and sliding rods are connected to the left side of each of the two side plates on both sides of the right side of each of the two retractable sliding plates.
[0015] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the retracting and expanding assembly includes two convex side plates, the inner sides of the two convex side plates are fixedly connected to the middle of the outer sides of the two retracting and expanding slide plates, the top and bottom of the outer sides of the two convex side plates are fixedly connected to push-pull connecting rods, the outer sides of the front and rear sets of push-pull connecting rods are fixedly connected to L-shaped retracting and expanding rods, the left side of the inner side of the front and rear sets of L-shaped retracting and expanding rods are fixedly connected to sliding blocks, and the inner walls of the left and right sets of sliding blocks slide on the front and rear sides of the outer walls of the two columnar crossbars.
[0016] As a further aspect of the present invention: the two lubricant surface coating components include two vertical L-shaped baffles, and columnar vertical rotating rod sleeves are fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner side of each of the two vertical L-shaped baffles. Columnar vertical rotating rods are rotatably connected to the inner walls of each of the two columnar vertical rotating rod sleeves. A second transmission disc is fixedly connected to the bottom end of each of the two columnar vertical rotating rods. Sponge pads are fixedly connected to both sides of the top of each of the two columnar vertical rotating rod sleeves on the outer walls of the two columnar vertical rotating rods. A motor connecting block is fixedly connected to the middle of the outer side of each of the two vertical L-shaped baffles. Motors are fixedly connected to the outer sides of both motor connecting blocks. Transmission discs are fixedly connected to the bottom ends of both motors. Tracks are fitted onto the outer walls of both transmission discs. The inner walls of both tracks away from the transmission discs are fitted onto the outer walls of the two second transmission discs. The right middle of both vertical L-shaped baffles is fixedly connected to the front side of the left and right side L-shaped expansion rods. Pipes are fixedly connected to the bottom ends of both columnar vertical rotating rods. The ends of both pipes away from the columnar vertical rotating rods are fixedly connected to the two sides of the bottom of the lubricating fluid tank.
[0017] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the surface cleaning mechanism includes two C-shaped frames, with suction plates fixedly connected to the outer sides of both C-shaped frames, and cleaning mechanism expansion and contraction side plates fixedly connected to the outer sides of both C-shaped frames that are far apart from each other. The outer bottom of the right side of the two cleaning mechanism expansion and contraction side plates is fixedly connected to the inner side of two expansion and contraction blocks. Suction pipes are fixedly connected to the outer sides of both suction plates, and the ends of the two suction pipes that are far away from the suction plates are fixedly connected to both sides of the suction chamber. Cleaning roller uprights are rotatably connected to both sides of the inner walls of the two C-shaped frames, and cleaning rollers are fixedly connected to the top of the outer walls of the two sets of cleaning roller uprights.
[0018] In addition, the present invention also relates to a method of using a spindle protection device for a composite five-axis machining center, comprising the following steps:
[0019] Step 1: Fix the machining bed in the designated position on the machining center body, assemble the transverse moving guide rail, longitudinal guide rail, vertical guide rail and spindle in sequence, and fix the protective device as a whole in the preset installation position on one side of the machining bed to complete the installation and positioning of the device;
[0020] Step 2: Based on the current outer diameter of the machining spindle, pre-adjust the stroke parameters of the bidirectional electric push rod, set the maximum retraction distance of the cleaning mechanism's retraction and expansion side plate, check the protective lubricating oil level in the lubricating oil tank, connect the vacuum chamber to a negative pressure dust collection device, and complete the parameter debugging and preparation work before operation.
[0021] Step 3: After the spindle completes the processing of the current batch of composite materials, control the vertical guide rail to adjust the height of the spindle so that the spindle is aligned with the inner side of the two C-shaped frames on the left side of the protective device. Then, move the entire spindle towards the working area of the protective device by moving the horizontal guide rail.
[0022] Step 4: Start the bidirectional electric push rod to push the cleaning mechanism and coating mechanism to retract synchronously, so that the cleaning roller is in pre-fitted to the outer wall of the main shaft. During the continuous movement of the main shaft, the rotating cleaning roller scrapes off the processing debris and dust attached to the surface of the main shaft. At the same time, the air extraction chamber is activated to generate negative pressure, and the scraped debris is sucked into the air extraction chamber through the air extraction plate and air extraction pipe for temporary storage.
[0023] Step 5: During the cleaning process, the retracting mechanism simultaneously drives the lubricant surface coating parts to retract, so that the two lubricated sponge pads are attached to both sides of the outer wall of the spindle. The motor is started to drive the sponge pads to rotate, which, together with the low-speed rotation of the spindle, evenly applies the protective lubricant to the entire outer surface of the spindle, completing the cleaning, rust prevention and maintenance of the spindle.
[0024] Step Six: After the maintenance work is completed, control the bidirectional electric push rod to reset, and the spring will push the entire set of retraction and expansion mechanism to move in the opposite direction, so that the cleaning roller and the sponge pad are separated from the outer wall of the main shaft. The main shaft can then exit from the working area of the protective device and return to the processing station for the next processing operation.
[0025] Step 7: Regularly clean the processing debris temporarily stored inside the extraction chamber, replenish the protective lubricating oil in the lubrication tank, check the wear of the cleaning roller and sponge pad, replace worn and aged parts in a timely manner, and complete the regular maintenance of the device.
[0026] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:
[0027] This invention addresses the problem of residual corrosive resin debris and dust on the spindle surface after traditional machining by incorporating a machining table and protective devices. Through a retractable cleaning structure and a negative pressure suction system, it thoroughly cleans the spindle surface in situ without requiring additional disassembly of the spindle tool. The rotating cleaning roller actively scrapes away tightly adhered debris and dust, while the negative pressure suction system simultaneously collects and temporarily stores the scraped debris, preventing it from falling into the equipment and causing secondary pollution. This fundamentally prevents corrosive debris from adhering to and eroding the spindle over time, effectively protecting the spindle's surface finish and structural integrity, and extending its service life and accuracy retention period.
[0028] To address the problem that traditional protective coating operations require disassembling and assembling tools and involve cumbersome procedures, this invention integrates in-situ coating protection. After cleaning, the spindle and tools can be uniformly coated with protective lubricating oil directly in the installed state, eliminating the tedious process of tool disassembly, separate coating treatment, and reassembly. This significantly reduces additional working hours and lowers the labor intensity and operational complexity for operators.
[0029] This invention eliminates the need for repeated tool disassembly and assembly, thus avoiding damage and loss of precision to the high-precision mating surfaces and positioning references of the spindle during disassembly and assembly. This ensures the accuracy and stability of subsequent spindle machining and avoids time loss due to precision repair and reassembly, effectively guaranteeing the overall production rhythm and processing progress and improving production efficiency.
[0030] This invention integrates the two processes of spindle cleaning and protective coating into a continuous operation process in the same station. The cleaning and coating actions are driven by a set of retraction and expansion linkage mechanism. The overall structure is compact and does not require the additional configuration of multiple independent operating equipment. While simplifying the process, it reduces the equipment investment cost and adapts to the modification needs of existing processing equipment. It has strong practicality and adaptability. Attached Figure Description
[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main three-dimensional structure of the present invention;
[0032] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the processing table of the present invention;
[0033] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the protective device of the present invention;
[0034] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional separation structure of the protective device of the present invention;
[0035] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the protection and control mechanism of the present invention;
[0036] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional separation structure of the protection and control mechanism of the present invention;
[0037] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional separation structure of the protective control frame of the present invention;
[0038] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the expansion and contraction component of the present invention;
[0039] Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the lubricant surface coating part of the present invention;
[0040] Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the surface cleaning mechanism of the present invention.
[0041] In the diagram: 1. Machining table; 11. Machining machine; 12. Circuit compartment; 13. Horizontal moving guide rail; 14. Longitudinal guide rail; 15. Vertical guide rail; 16. Spindle; 2. Protective device; 21. Protective control mechanism; 211. Control frame; 2111. Side plate; 2112. Horizontal connecting plate; 2113. Side guide plate; 2114. L-shaped guide rail rod; 2115. Lubricating fluid tank; 2116. Vertical support plate; 2117. Air extraction chamber; 2118. M-shaped side plate; 2119. Spring; 21110. Retractable sliding plate; 21111. Side plate; 21112. Concave guide block; 21113. Columnar crossbar; 21114. Side L-shaped retractable crossbar; 21115. Retractable push rod; 21116. Bidirectional electric push rod; 21117. Retractable block; 21 118. Convex base plate; 21119. C-shaped rotating rod; 21120. Rotating diagonal rod; 212. Retracting and expanding assembly; 2121. Side convex plate; 2122. Side L-shaped retracting and expanding rod; 2123. Sliding block; 2124. Push-pull connecting rod; 213. Lubricant surface coating component; 2131. Vertical L-shaped baffle; 2132. Motor connecting block; 2133. Motor; 2134. Transmission disc; 2135. Track; 2136. Columnar vertical rotating rod sleeve block; 2137. Columnar vertical rotating rod; 2138. Second transmission disc; 2139. Sponge pad; 21310. Pipe; 22. Surface cleaning mechanism; 221. C-shaped frame; 222. Air extraction plate; 223. Cleaning roller upright; 224. Cleaning roller; 225. Cleaning mechanism retracting and expanding side plate; 226. Air extraction pipe. Detailed Implementation
[0042] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0043] like Figure 1-2 As shown, the present invention provides a spindle protection device for a composite material five-axis machining center, including a machining table 1, and a protection device 2 is fixedly connected to the right side of the middle part of the machining table 1;
[0044] like Figure 3-8As shown, the processing table 1 includes a processing bed 11. A circuit compartment 12 is fixedly connected to the middle of the rear side of the processing bed 11. A transverse moving guide rail 13 is fixedly connected to the top of the front side of the circuit compartment 12. A longitudinal guide rail 14 is movably connected to the top of the transverse moving guide rail 13. A vertical guide rail 15 is movably connected to the inner wall of the longitudinal guide rail 14. A spindle 16 is movably connected to the bottom of the front side of the vertical guide rail 15. The protective device 2 includes a protective control mechanism 21. A surface cleaning mechanism 22 is fixedly connected to the left side of the protective control mechanism 21. The protective control mechanism 21 includes a control frame 211. A retraction / expansion assembly 212 is provided on the left side of the control frame 211. A lubricant surface coating component 213 is fixedly connected to the left side of the retraction / expansion assembly 212. The control frame 211 includes two side plates 2111. Both the front and rear sides of the right side of each side plate 2111 are fixedly connected to horizontal connecting plates 2112. Side guide plates 2113 are fixedly connected to the left side of the outer sides of both sets of horizontal connecting plates 2112. L-shaped guide rails 2114 are fixedly connected to the middle of the outer sides of both side guide plates 2113. Lubricating fluid tanks 2115 are fixedly connected to the inner sides of both sets of horizontal connecting plates 2112. Vertical support plates 2116 are fixedly connected to the right side of both sets of horizontal connecting plates 2112. An air extraction chamber 2117 is fixedly connected to the top of the vertical support plate 2116. M-shaped side plates 2118 are fixedly connected to the front and rear sides of the inner sides of both side plates 2111. Springs 2119 are fixedly connected to the inner sides of both sets of M-shaped side plates 2118. The inner ends of both sets of springs 2119 are fixedly connected to... The device is equipped with a retractable sliding plate 21110. Side plates 21111 are fixedly connected to the left sides of the two M-shaped side plates 2118. Concave guide blocks 21112 are fixedly connected to the top and bottom of the left side of the two left side plates 21111. Columnar crossbars 21113 are fixedly connected to the top and bottom of the inner sides of the two left side plates 21111. Convex bottom support plates 21118 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the front and rear sets of side plates 21111. Side L-shaped retractable crossbars 21114 are slidably connected to the inner walls of the two L-shaped guide rails 2114. Retractable push rods 21115 are fixedly connected to the rear sides of the two side L-shaped retractable crossbars 21114. A bidirectional electric push rod 21116 is fixedly connected to the middle of the rear side of the lubricant tank 2115. Both ends of the electric push rod 21116 are fixedly connected to the inner sides of the two retracting push rods 21115. Retracting blocks 21117 are fixedly connected to the left side of the inner side of the two side L-shaped retracting crossbars 21114. C-shaped rotating rods 21119 are rotatably connected to the middle of the inner side of the two M-shaped side plates 2118. Rotating diagonal rods 21120 are fixedly connected to the right side of the two C-shaped rotating rods 21119. The right side of the two rotating diagonal rods 21120 is rotatably connected to the right side of the inner side of the two side L-shaped retracting crossbars 21114. The left side of the inner side of the two C-shaped rotating rods 21119 is rotatably connected to the middle of the outer side of the two retracting slide plates 21110. Sliding rods on both sides of the right side of the two retracting slide plates 21110 are connected to the left side of the two side plates 2111.The retractable assembly 212 includes two convex side plates 2121. The inner sides of the two convex side plates 2121 are fixedly connected to the middle of the outer sides of the two retractable sliding plates 21110. Push-pull connecting rods 2124 are fixedly connected to the top and bottom of the outer sides of the two convex side plates 2121. Side L-shaped retractable rods 2122 are fixedly connected to the outer sides of the front and rear sets of push-pull connecting rods 2124. Sliding blocks 2123 are fixedly connected to the left side of the inner side of the front and rear sets of side L-shaped retractable rods 2122. The inner walls of the left and right sliding blocks 2123 slide on the front and rear sides of the outer walls of the two columnar crossbars 21113. The two lubricant surface coating parts 213 include two vertical L-shaped baffles 2131. The bottom of the inner side of each of the two vertical L-shaped baffles 2131 is fixedly connected to a columnar vertical rotating rod sleeve block 2136. The inner walls of each of the two columnar vertical rotating rod sleeve blocks 2136 are rotatably connected to a columnar vertical rotating rod 2137. The bottom ends of each of the two columnar vertical rotating rods 2137 are fixedly connected to a second transmission. Disc 2138, two columnar rotating rods 2137, and sponge pads 2139 are fixedly connected to both sides of the top of the two columnar rotating rod sleeve blocks 2136 on the outer walls. Motor connecting blocks 2132 are fixedly connected to the middle of the outer sides of the two vertical L-shaped baffles 2131. Motors 2133 are fixedly connected to the outer sides of the two motor connecting blocks 2132. Transmission discs 2134 are fixedly connected to the bottom ends of the two motors 2133. Tracks 21 are fitted onto the outer walls of the two transmission discs 2134. 35. The inner walls of the two tracks 2135, away from the transmission disc 2134, are fitted onto the outer walls of the two second transmission discs 2138. The right middle of the two vertical L-shaped baffles 2131 are fixedly connected to the front of the left and right side L-shaped expansion rods 2122. The bottom ends of the two columnar vertical rotating rods 2137 are fixedly connected to pipes 21310. The ends of the two pipes 21310 away from the columnar vertical rotating rods 2137 are fixedly connected to both sides of the bottom of the lubricating fluid tank 2115.
[0045] After the spindle 16 finishes machining the material on the top of the machining bed 11, the vertical guide rail 15 controls the spindle 16 to align with the inner sides of the two C-shaped frames 221 on the left side of the protective device 2. The horizontal moving guide rail 13 controls the longitudinal guide rail 14, the vertical guide rail 15, and the spindle 16 to move as a whole toward the protective device 2. At this time, the bidirectional electric push rod 21116 is activated. The bidirectional electric push rod 21116 drives the front and rear side expansion push rods 21115 to move outwards simultaneously. The expansion push rods 21115 drive the side L-shaped expansion crossbar 21114 to slide outwards along the L-shaped guide rail 2114. The side L-shaped expansion crossbar 21114 pushes the rotating inclined rod 21120 to move. The rotating inclined rod 21120 drives the C-shaped rotating rod 2 1119 deflects around the rotation fulcrum inside the M-shaped side plate 2118. The other end of the C-shaped rotating rod 21119 pushes the retractable slide plate 21110 to move inward, compressing the spring 2119 between the M-shaped side plate 2118 and the retractable slide plate 21110. The retractable slide plate 21110 drives the side convex plate 2121 to move inward synchronously. The side convex plate 2121 pushes the side L-shaped retractable rods 2122 on both sides along the columnar crossbar 21113 to retract inward through the push-pull connecting rod 2124. This causes the lubricant surface coating parts 213 on both sides to gradually move closer to the surface of the main shaft 16, and finally allows the two sponge pads 2139 to adhere to both sides of the outer wall of the main shaft 16, completing the retraction and positioning.
[0046] After the coating and positioning are completed, the lubricating oil tank 2115 delivers the protective lubricating oil stored inside to the inside of the columnar rotating rod 2137 through the pipe 21310. The lubricating oil seeps into the sponge pad 2139 on the outer wall through the gap of the columnar rotating rod 2137. At the same time, the two motors 2133 start and drive the second transmission disc 2138 to rotate through the transmission disc 2134 and the track 2135. This, in turn, drives the columnar rotating rod 2137 and the sponge pad 2139 soaked in lubricating oil to rotate. Combined with the low-speed rotation of the main shaft 16 itself, the lubricating oil is evenly coated on the entire outer surface of the main shaft 16.
[0047] After the coating and cleaning operation is completed, the bidirectional electric push rod 21116 resets, and the spring 2119 pushes the retracting slide plate 21110 to reset, driving the entire retracting structure to move in the opposite direction, causing the lubricant surface coating part 213 to open outward and detach from the surface of the spindle 16. The spindle 16 can then reset for the next processing operation. The entire operation process does not require manual disassembly of the protective structure and can automatically complete the cleaning and protective lubrication of the spindle, effectively extending the service life of the spindle. At the same time, it is suitable for the high-frequency cleaning and maintenance needs in composite material processing.
[0048] like Figure 10As shown, the surface cleaning mechanism 22 includes two C-shaped frames 221. A suction plate 222 is fixedly connected to the outer side of each of the two C-shaped frames 221. A cleaning mechanism expansion / contraction side plate 225 is fixedly connected to the outer side of each of the two C-shaped frames 221, away from each other. The bottom right side of the two cleaning mechanism expansion / contraction side plates 225 is fixedly connected to the inner side of two expansion / contraction blocks 21117. Suction pipes 226 are fixedly connected to the outer side of each of the two suction plates 222. The ends of the two suction pipes 226 away from the suction plates 222 are fixedly connected to both sides of the suction chamber 2117. Cleaning roller uprights 223 are rotatably connected to both sides of the inner wall of each of the two C-shaped frames 221. Cleaning rollers 224 are fixedly connected to the top of the outer wall of each of the two sets of cleaning roller uprights 223.
[0049] As the spindle 16 moves toward the two surface cleaning mechanisms 22, it enters the inner area of the two C-shaped frames 221. Before entering the lubrication coating operation area, the two expansion and contraction blocks 21117 move outward, thereby driving the expansion and contraction side plates 225 of the two cleaning mechanisms to move outward synchronously. This causes the two C-shaped frames 221 to move inward, and the two cleaning rollers 224 will pre-fit against the outer wall of the spindle 16. As the spindle 16 continues to move toward the coating operation area, the rotating cleaning rollers 224 first scrape off the composite material processing debris and dust attached to the surface of the spindle 16. The scraped debris is sucked into the suction pipe 226 by the negative pressure airflow generated by the suction chamber 2117 through the reserved holes on the suction plate 222. Finally, it is collected in the suction chamber 2117 for temporary storage, which prevents the processing debris from drifting into the device or the external environment and affecting the processing accuracy. This achieves the pre-cleaning and centralized collection of debris in the spindle cleaning operation, and further improves the overall effect of spindle cleaning and protection in conjunction with the subsequent lubrication coating operation.
[0050] In addition, the present invention also relates to a method of using a spindle protection device for a composite five-axis machining center, comprising the following steps:
[0051] Step 1: Fix the machining bed 11 in the designated position on the machining center body, assemble the transverse moving guide rail 13, longitudinal guide rail 14, vertical guide rail 15 and spindle 16 in sequence, and fix the protective device 2 as a whole in the preset installation position on one side of the machining bed 11 to complete the installation and positioning of the device.
[0052] Step 2: Based on the current outer diameter of the machining spindle 16, pre-adjust the stroke parameters of the bidirectional electric push rod 21116, set the maximum retraction distance of the cleaning mechanism retraction and expansion side plate 225, check the protective lubricating oil level in the lubricating oil tank 2115, connect the vacuum chamber 2117 to the external negative pressure dust collection equipment, and complete the parameter debugging and preparation work before operation.
[0053] Step 3: After the spindle 16 completes the processing of the current batch of composite materials, control the vertical guide rail 15 to adjust the height of the spindle 16 so that the spindle 16 is aligned with the inner side of the two C-shaped frames 221 on the left side of the protective device 2. Then, drive the spindle 16 as a whole to move towards the working area of the protective device 2 through the horizontal moving guide rail 13.
[0054] Step 4: Start the bidirectional electric push rod 21116 to push the cleaning mechanism and coating mechanism to retract synchronously, so that the cleaning roller 224 is pre-fitted to the outer wall of the main shaft 16. During the continuous movement of the main shaft 16, the rotating cleaning roller 224 scrapes off the processing debris and dust attached to the surface of the main shaft 16. At the same time, the suction chamber 2117 is started to generate negative pressure, and the scraped debris is sucked into the suction chamber 2117 through the suction plate 222 and the suction pipe 226 for temporary storage.
[0055] Step 5: During the cleaning process, the retracting mechanism simultaneously drives the lubricant surface coating part 213 to retract, so that the two lubricated sponge pads 2139 are attached to both sides of the outer wall of the main shaft 16. The motor 2133 is started to drive the sponge pads 2139 to rotate, which, together with the low-speed rotation of the main shaft 16, evenly coats the protective lubricant on the entire outer surface of the main shaft 16, completing the cleaning, rust prevention and maintenance of the main shaft 16.
[0056] Step Six: After the maintenance work is completed, control the bidirectional electric push rod 21116 to reset, and the spring 2119 pushes the entire set of expansion and contraction mechanism to move in the opposite direction, so that the cleaning roller 224 and the sponge pad 2139 are separated from the outer wall of the main shaft 16, and the main shaft 16 can then exit from the working area of the protective device 2 and return to the processing station for the next processing operation.
[0057] Step 7: Regularly clean the processing debris temporarily stored inside the extraction chamber 2117, replenish the protective lubricating oil in the lubrication tank 2115, check the wear of the cleaning roller 224 and the sponge pad 2139, replace worn and aged parts in a timely manner, and complete the regular maintenance of the device.
[0058] Working principle of the invention: After the spindle 16 finishes processing the material on the top of the machining bed 11, the vertical guide rail 15 controls the spindle 16 to align with the inner sides of the two C-shaped frames 221 on the left side of the protective device 2. The horizontal moving guide rail 13 controls the longitudinal guide rail 14, the vertical guide rail 15, and the spindle 16 to move as a whole toward the protective device 2. At this time, the bidirectional electric push rod 21116 is activated. The bidirectional electric push rod 21116 drives the front and rear expansion push rods 21115 to move outwards simultaneously. The two expansion blocks 21117 move outwards, thereby driving the two cleaning mechanism expansion side plates 225 to move outwards synchronously. This causes the two C-shaped frames 221 to move inwards, and the two cleaning rollers 224 will pre-fit against the outer wall of the spindle 16. As the spindle 16 moves inwards... 6. Continuing to move towards the coating operation area, the rotating cleaning roller 224 first scrapes off the composite material processing debris and dust adhering to the surface of the main shaft 16. The scraped debris is drawn into the suction pipe 226 by the negative pressure airflow generated by the suction chamber 2117 through the reserved holes on the suction plate 222, and finally collected and temporarily stored inside the suction chamber 2117. The expansion push rod 21115 drives the side L-shaped expansion crossbar 21114 to slide outward along the L-shaped guide rail 2114. The side L-shaped expansion crossbar 21114 pushes the rotating inclined rod 21120 to move. The rotating inclined rod 21120 drives the C-shaped rotating rod 21119 to deflect around the rotation fulcrum inside the M-shaped side upright plate 2118. The other end of the C-shaped rotating rod 21119 pushes the expansion sliding plate. 21110 moves inward, compressing the spring 2119 between the M-shaped side upright plate 2118 and the retractable sliding plate 21110. The retractable sliding plate 21110 drives the side convex plate 2121 to move inward simultaneously. The side convex plate 2121 pushes the side L-shaped retractable rods 2122 on both sides along the columnar crossbar 21113 to retract inward through the push-pull connecting rod 2124. This causes the lubricant surface coating parts 213 on both sides to gradually move closer to the surface of the main shaft 16, finally allowing the two sponge pads 2139 to adhere to both sides of the outer wall of the main shaft 16, completing the retraction and positioning. After the coating and positioning are completed, the lubricant tank 2115 transports the protective lubricating oil stored inside to the inside of the columnar rotating rod 2137 through the pipe 21310. The lubricating oil flows smoothly... The lubricant penetrates into the sponge pad 2139 on the outer wall through the gap of the columnar rotating rod 2137. At the same time, two motors 2133 start, driving the second transmission disc 2138 to rotate through the transmission disc 2134 and the track 2135. This, in turn, drives the columnar rotating rod 2137 and the sponge pad 2139 soaked in lubricant to rotate. Combined with the low-speed rotation of the main shaft 16 itself, the lubricant is evenly applied to the entire outer surface of the main shaft 16. After the coating and cleaning operation is completed, the bidirectional electric push rod 21116 resets, and the spring 2119 pushes the retracting slide plate 21110 to reset, driving the entire retracting structure to move in the opposite direction. This causes the lubricant surface coating part 213 to open outward and detach from the surface of the main shaft 16, allowing the main shaft 16 to reset for the next processing operation.
[0059] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of this invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A spindle protection device for a five-axis machining center for composite materials, comprising a machining table (1), characterized in that: A protective device (2) is fixedly connected to the right side of the middle part of the processing table (1); The processing table (1) includes a processing bed (11). A circuit compartment (12) is fixedly connected to the middle of the rear side of the processing bed (11). A transverse moving guide rail (13) is fixedly connected to the top of the front side of the circuit compartment (12). A longitudinal guide rail (14) is movably connected to the top of the transverse moving guide rail (13). A vertical guide rail (15) is movably connected to the inner wall of the longitudinal guide rail (14). A spindle (16) is movably connected to the bottom of the front side of the vertical guide rail (15). The protective device (2) includes a protective control mechanism (21), and a surface cleaning mechanism (22) is fixedly connected to the left side of the protective control mechanism (21).
2. The spindle protection device for a composite five-axis machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protective control mechanism (21) includes a control frame (211), and a retractable assembly (212) is provided on the left side of the control frame (211). A lubricating fluid surface coating component (213) is fixedly connected to the left side of the retractable assembly (212).
3. The spindle protection device for a composite five-axis machining center according to claim 2, characterized in that: The control frame (211) includes two side plates (2111). Horizontal connecting plates (2112) are fixedly connected to the front and rear sides of the right side of the two side plates (2111). Side guide plates (2113) are fixedly connected to the left side of the outer sides of the two sets of horizontal connecting plates (2112). L-shaped guide rails (2114) are fixedly connected to the middle of the outer sides of the two sets of side guide plates (2113). Lubricating fluid tanks (2115) are fixedly connected to the inner sides of the two sets of horizontal connecting plates (2112). Vertical support plates (2116) are fixedly connected to the right side of the two sets of horizontal connecting plates (2112). An air extraction chamber (2117) is fixedly connected to the top of the vertical support plate (2116).
4. The spindle protection device for a composite five-axis machining center according to claim 3, characterized in that: M-shaped side plates (2118) are fixedly connected to the front and rear sides of the inner sides of the two side plates (2111). Springs (2119) are fixedly connected to the inner sides of the two M-shaped side plates (2118). The inner ends of the front and rear sets of springs (2119) are fixedly connected to the retractable sliding plate (21110). Side plates (21111) are fixedly connected to the left sides of the two M-shaped side plates (2118). Concave guide blocks (21112) are fixedly connected to the top and bottom of the left side of the two side plates (21111). Columnar crossbars (21113) are fixedly connected to the top and bottom of the inner sides of the two side plates (21111). Convex bottom support plates (21118) are fixedly connected to the bottom of the front and rear sets of side plates (21111).
5. The spindle protection device for a composite five-axis machining center according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inner walls of the two L-shaped guide rails (2114) are slidably connected with side L-shaped expansion and contraction crossbars (21114). The rear sides of the two side L-shaped expansion and contraction crossbars (21114) are fixedly connected with expansion and contraction push rods (21115). The rear middle of the lubricating fluid tank (2115) is fixedly connected with a bidirectional electric push rod (21116). The front and rear ends of the bidirectional electric push rod (21116) are fixedly connected to the inner sides of the two expansion and contraction push rods (21115). The left side of the inner side of the two side L-shaped expansion and contraction crossbars (21114) is fixedly connected with expansion and contraction blocks (21117).
6. The spindle protection device for a composite five-axis machining center according to claim 5, characterized in that: C-shaped rotating rods (21119) are rotatably connected to the middle of the inner side of each of the two M-shaped side uprights (2118). Rotating diagonal rods (21120) are fixedly connected to the right side of each of the two C-shaped rotating rods (21119). The right side of each of the two rotating diagonal rods (21120) is rotatably connected to the right side of the inner side of each of the two L-shaped retractable crossbars (21114). The left side of the inner side of each of the two C-shaped rotating rods (21119) is rotatably connected to the middle of the outer side of each of the two retractable sliding plates (21110). The two sides of the right side of each of the two retractable sliding plates (21110) are connected to the left side of each of the two side plates (2111).
7. The spindle protection device for a composite five-axis machining center according to claim 2, characterized in that: The retractable assembly (212) includes two convex side plates (2121). The inner sides of the two convex side plates (2121) are fixedly connected to the middle of the outer sides of the two retractable slide plates (21110). The top and bottom of the outer sides of the two convex side plates (2121) are fixedly connected to push-pull connecting rods (2124). The outer sides of the front and rear sets of push-pull connecting rods (2124) are fixedly connected to side L-shaped retractable rods (2122). The left side of the inner side of the front and rear sets of side L-shaped retractable rods (2122) are fixedly connected to sliding blocks (2123). The inner walls of the left and right sets of sliding blocks (2123) slide on the front and rear sides of the outer walls of the two columnar crossbars (21113).
8. The spindle protection device for a composite five-axis machining center according to claim 2, characterized in that: The two lubricant surface coating components (213) include two vertical L-shaped baffles (2131). A columnar rotating rod sleeve (2136) is fixedly connected to the bottom inner side of each of the two vertical L-shaped baffles (2131). A columnar rotating rod (2137) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of each of the two columnar rotating rod sleeves (2136). A second transmission disc (2138) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of each of the two columnar rotating rods (2137). Sponge pads (2139) are fixedly connected to both sides of the top of each of the two columnar rotating rod sleeves (2136) on the outer wall of each of the two columnar rotating rods (2137). A motor connecting block (2132) is fixedly connected to the middle of the outer side of each of the two vertical L-shaped baffles (2131). The two motor connecting blocks (2132)... Motors (2133) are fixedly connected to the outer sides of both motors (2133). The bottom ends of both motors (2133) are fixedly connected to transmission discs (2134). The outer walls of both transmission discs (2134) are fitted with tracks (2135). The inner walls of both tracks (2135) away from the transmission discs (2134) are fitted onto the outer walls of both second transmission discs (2138). The right middle part of both vertical L-shaped baffles (2131) is fixedly connected to the front side of the left and right side L-shaped expansion rods (2122). The bottom ends of both columnar vertical rotating rods (2137) are fixedly connected to pipes (21310). The ends of both pipes (21310) away from the columnar vertical rotating rods (2137) are fixedly connected to the two sides of the bottom of the lubricating fluid tank (2115).
9. The spindle protection device for a composite five-axis machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface cleaning mechanism (22) includes two C-shaped frames (221). The outer sides of the two C-shaped frames (221) are fixedly connected to air extraction plates (222). The outer sides of the two C-shaped frames (221) that are far apart from each other are fixedly connected to cleaning mechanism expansion and contraction side plates (225). The bottom right side of the two cleaning mechanism expansion and contraction side plates (225) is fixedly connected to the inner side of two expansion and contraction blocks (21117). The outer sides of the two air extraction plates (222) are fixedly connected to air extraction pipes (226). The ends of the two air extraction pipes (226) that are far away from the air extraction plates (222) are fixedly connected to both sides of the air extraction chamber (2117). The inner walls of the two C-shaped frames (221) are rotatably connected to cleaning roller uprights (223). The top of the outer walls of the two sets of cleaning roller uprights (223) are fixedly connected to cleaning rollers (224).
10. A method of using a spindle protection device for a composite five-axis machining center, the spindle protection device for a composite five-axis machining center according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: Step 1: Fix the machining bed (11) in the designated position on the machining center body, assemble the transverse moving guide rail (13), longitudinal guide rail (14), vertical guide rail (15) and spindle (16) in sequence, and fix the protective device (2) as a whole in the preset installation position on one side of the machining bed (11) to complete the installation and positioning of the device; Step 2: Based on the outer diameter of the current machining spindle (16), pre-adjust the stroke parameters of the bidirectional electric push rod (21116), set the maximum retraction distance of the cleaning mechanism retraction and expansion side plate (225), check the protective lubricating oil storage in the lubricating oil tank (2115), connect the vacuum chamber (2117) to the negative pressure dust collection equipment, and complete the parameter debugging and preparation work before operation; Step 3: After the spindle (16) completes the processing of the current batch of composite materials, control the vertical guide rail (15) to adjust the height of the spindle (16) so that the spindle (16) is aligned with the inner side of the two C-shaped frames (221) on the left side of the protective device (2). The spindle (16) is then moved as a whole to the working area of the protective device (2) by the horizontal moving guide rail (13). Step 4: Start the bidirectional electric push rod (21116) to push the cleaning mechanism and coating mechanism to retract synchronously, so that the cleaning roller (224) is pre-fitted to the outer wall of the main shaft (16). During the continuous movement of the main shaft (16), the rotating cleaning roller (224) scrapes off the processing debris and dust attached to the surface of the main shaft (16). At the same time, the suction chamber (2117) is started to generate negative pressure, and the scraped debris is sucked into the suction chamber (2117) through the suction plate (222) and the suction pipe (226) for temporary storage. Step 5: During the cleaning operation, the retracting mechanism simultaneously drives the lubricant surface coating part (213) to retract, so that the two lubricated sponge pads (2139) are attached to both sides of the outer wall of the main shaft (16). The motor (2133) is started to drive the sponge pads (2139) to rotate, which, together with the low-speed rotation of the main shaft (16), evenly coats the protective lubricant on the entire outer surface of the main shaft (16), thus completing the cleaning and rust prevention maintenance of the main shaft (16). Step 6: After the maintenance work is completed, control the bidirectional electric push rod (21116) to reset, and the spring (2119) pushes the entire set of expansion and contraction mechanism to move in the opposite direction, so that the cleaning roller (224) and the sponge pad (2139) are separated from the outer wall of the main shaft (16), and the main shaft (16) can then exit from the working area of the protective device (2) and return to the processing station for the next processing operation; Step 7: Regularly clean the processing debris temporarily stored inside the extraction chamber (2117), replenish the protective lubricating oil in the lubrication tank (2115), check the wear of the cleaning roller (224) and the sponge pad (2139), replace worn and aged parts in time, and complete the regular maintenance of the device.