Electrode installation device and method for electro-liquid beam machining of turbine blade capillary

Abstract

The application relates to a kind of installation device and method of electro-fluid beam processing turbine blade capillary electrode, first guide rail and second guide rail are symmetrically arranged on base plate, three groups of sliders are arranged on first guide rail and second guide rail at intervals, slider locking wrench is arranged on one side of slider, connecting frame is arranged between the slider at the head and tail, tool fixing frame and baffle are fixedly connected on connecting frame through connecting piece respectively, capillary electrode tool is installed on tool fixing frame, auxiliary guide plate is arranged between the slider in the middle, a plurality of grooves are arranged on the surface of auxiliary guide plate, electrode wire is fixedly installed on capillary electrode tool, capillary is sleeved on electrode wire, and capillary moves along electrode wire in axial direction, another end of capillary and electrode wire is positioned and arranged in groove.The application can effectively improve the installation efficiency and precision of parallel electrode, and ensure the machining precision of turbine blade group hole and product consistency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of turbine blade processing technology, specifically relating to an installation device and method for capillary electrodes used in electro-hydraulic beam machining of turbine blades. Background Technology

[0002] The thrust-to-weight ratio and thermal efficiency of high-performance aero-engines are crucial parameters, and these largely depend on the temperature resistance of turbine blades. Therefore, the high-temperature resistance of blades is particularly important. To protect high-temperature alloy blades from the corrosive effects of ultra-high-temperature combustion gases, complex perforated structures, known as film cooling holes, are typically designed on the blade surface. The cooling airflow ejected through these tiny holes forms a low-temperature film barrier on the blade surface, physically isolating the metal substrate from the ultra-high-temperature combustion gases and ensuring the blade can operate safely in extreme environments exceeding the melting point of its materials. However, because turbine blades are often made of difficult-to-machine materials such as nickel-based high-temperature alloys, and because the film cooling holes are numerous, have high aspect ratios, and are densely packed, their machining has always been a core challenge in the manufacturing field.

[0003] Currently, the main technologies for machining multiple holes in metals include laser processing, electrical discharge machining (EDM), and electrohydraulic beam machining. Laser processing is extremely efficient, but it is prone to producing significant recast layers, heat-affected zones, microcracks, and flanges. While EDM offers high precision, its thermophysical processing mechanism inevitably leads to surface defects such as recast layers and heat-affected zones. These surface thermal damage defects are highly likely to become initiation sources of fatigue cracks under the high temperature, high pressure, and high-frequency alternating load conditions of engines, significantly reducing the thermal and mechanical fatigue resistance of blades. In contrast, electrohydraulic beam machining is an important electrolytic machining technology for machining deep, small holes, utilizing the principle of electrochemical anodic dissolution to remove material. The electrohydraulic beam machining cathode utilizes a high-velocity electrolyte jet ejected from an insulated glass capillary tube, establishing a conductive circuit between the internal electrode wire (as the cathode) and the workpiece (as the anode), inducing a localized electrochemical reaction. The workpiece material directly below the glass capillary tube is dissolved under the influence of a confined electric field, thus creating the hole. Since the process is essentially an electrochemical reaction rather than a thermodynamic or mechanical action, it can achieve a surface quality with no recast layer and no metallurgical damage, thus exhibiting irreplaceable advantages in the manufacturing of advanced aero-engine blades.

[0004] Furthermore, similar to other electrochemical machining methods, electrohydraulic beam machining uses parallel electrodes to complete the drilling of multiple holes in one operation, thereby significantly improving production efficiency and playing a crucial role in machining large-scale groups of holes. However, this also places higher demands on the installation accuracy of the parallel electrodes in electrohydraulic beam machining.

[0005] A typical electrohydraulic beam machining electrode consists of a glass capillary and an internal metal electrode wire. In actual process specifications, the electrode wire is usually required to retract into the capillary, i.e., retract a specific distance relative to the opening. In actual electrohydraulic beam machining production, the assembly of capillary electrodes often relies on manual operation. This manual installation method requires the separate installation and adjustment of each set of electrode wires and capillary tubes, which is quite difficult and requires a certain level of operator skill. Furthermore, manual operation inevitably leads to slight differences in the retraction distance of the electrode wires within different glass tubes (i.e., electrode wire installation error). During electrohydraulic beam machining, the electric field distribution within the machining gap depends on the relative distance between the electrode wire and the workpiece surface. Therefore, this positional error of the electrode wire theoretically leads to differences in the machining current between holes, thus compromising the consistency of the hole diameter. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this application is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide an installation device and method for capillary electrodes for electro-hydraulic beam machining of turbine blades, which can effectively improve the installation efficiency and accuracy of parallel electrodes and ensure the machining accuracy and product consistency of turbine blade group holes.

[0007] The technical problem solved by this application is achieved through the following technical solution: An installation device for a capillary electrode used in electro-hydraulic beam machining of turbine blades includes a base plate, on which a first guide rail and a second guide rail are symmetrically arranged. Three sets of sliders are spaced apart on the first and second guide rails. A slider locking wrench is provided on one side of each slider. A connecting frame is provided between the first and last sliders. A tooling fixing frame and a baffle are fixedly connected to the connecting frame by connecting parts. A capillary electrode tooling is installed on the tooling fixing frame. An auxiliary guide plate is provided between the middle sliders. The surface of the auxiliary guide plate is provided with several grooves. An electrode wire is fixedly installed on the capillary electrode tooling. A capillary tube is fitted on the electrode wire and moves along the axial direction of the electrode wire. The other end of the capillary tube and the electrode wire is positioned in the groove.

[0008] Furthermore, a scale is provided on the second guide rail, which obtains the relative position of the capillary and the electrode wire, i.e., the retraction distance of the electrode wire, in real time.

[0009] Furthermore, the slot of the connector cooperates with the multiple rows of threaded holes of the tooling fixture to complete the vertical position adjustment of the capillary electrode tooling.

[0010] Moreover, the spacing of the grooves on the auxiliary guide plate is consistent with the spacing of the capillary tubes, thus completing the positioning of the capillary tubes and the cutting of the electrode wires.

[0011] A method for mounting a capillary electrode for electrohydraulic beam machining of turbine blades, the method comprising the following steps: S1. Fix the capillary electrode fixture on the fixture holder, adjust the vertical position of the fixture holder and tighten the screws to ensure that the side wall of each capillary contacts the bottom of the groove of the auxiliary guide plate and deforms slightly to position the capillary. After determining the lateral position of the capillary electrode fixture, tighten the slider wrench. S2. Adjust the position of the middle section slider and retract the capillary tube to expose the cuttable electrode wire. Use wire cutters to neatly cut the electrode wire along the right edge of the auxiliary guide plate. S3. Slide the slider at the tail end until the baffle just contacts the electrode wire, and record the scale value of the baffle on the second guide rail at this time. S4. Retract the baffle and pull the capillary tube out a sufficient distance; S5. Slide the slider at the tail end again until the baffle contacts the capillary tube. S6. Align each capillary with the plane of the baffle and continue to slide slowly. Observe the position scale of the baffle and slide it to the predetermined position to realize the installation of parallel electrodes for electrohydraulic beam electrolytic machining.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention enables convenient cutting of electrode wires through guide rails, sliders, and auxiliary guide plates, and ensures that the ends of each electrode wire are at the same horizontal position, thus improving the disadvantage of uneven electrode wires under conventional installation methods.

[0013] 2. This invention uses a slider to move a baffle to align the capillary tube with the plane, eliminating the need to adjust each tube sequentially and enabling quick and convenient adjustment of the capillary tube's position. Furthermore, the retraction distance of the electrode wire can be quickly and accurately adjusted using the scale values ​​on the guide rail, improving the installation efficiency of the electrode fixture.

[0014] 3. The installation device of the present invention has a simple structure and low cost; the installation method is convenient and quick, and the installation accuracy is high. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the device structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is an enlarged view of the electrode wire end region of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating the installation process of the present invention.

[0016] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures 1. Base plate; 2. Second guide rail; 3. Slider; 4. Slider locking wrench; 5. Auxiliary guide plate; 6. Connecting frame; 7. Baffle; 8. First guide rail; 9. Capillary tube and electrode wire; 10. Capillary electrode fixture; 11. Fixture fixing frame; 12. Connector; 13. Capillary tube; 14. Electrode wire. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The present application will be further described in detail below through specific embodiments. The following embodiments are merely descriptive and not limiting, and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of the present application.

[0018] like Figure 1 , 2 As shown, an installation device for a capillary electrode used in electro-hydraulic beam machining of turbine blades is innovative in that it includes a base plate 1, on which a first guide rail 8 and a second guide rail 2 are symmetrically arranged. Three sets of sliders 3 are spaced apart on the first guide rail 8 and the second guide rail 2. A slider locking wrench 4 is provided on one side of each slider 3. A connecting frame 6 is provided between the first and last sliders 3. A tooling fixing frame 11 and a baffle 7 are fixedly connected to the connecting frame 6 by connecting parts 12. A capillary electrode tooling 10 is installed on the tooling fixing frame 11. An auxiliary guide plate 5 is provided between the middle sliders 3. The surface of the auxiliary guide plate 5 is provided with several grooves. An electrode wire 14 is fixedly installed on the capillary electrode tooling 10. A capillary tube 13 is fitted on the electrode wire 14 and moves along the axial direction of the electrode wire 14. The other end of the capillary tube 13 and the electrode wire 14 are positioned in the groove.

[0019] The second guide rail 2 is equipped with a scale, which obtains the relative position of the capillary and the electrode wire in real time, i.e., the retraction distance of the electrode wire.

[0020] The slot of the connector 12 cooperates with the multiple rows of threaded holes of the tooling fixture 11 to complete the vertical position adjustment of the capillary electrode tooling 10.

[0021] The spacing of the grooves on the auxiliary guide plate 5 is consistent with the spacing of the capillary tube 13, thus completing the positioning of the capillary tube 13 and the cutting of the electrode wire 14.

[0022] like Figure 3 As shown, a method for installing a capillary electrode for electro-hydraulic beam machining of turbine blades is innovative in that: the method is used to install the capillary electrode for electro-hydraulic beam machining of turbine blades, and the steps of the method are as follows: S1, such as Figure 3(a) Fix the capillary electrode fixture 10 on the fixture fixture 11, adjust the vertical position of the fixture fixture 11 and tighten the screws to ensure that the sidewall of each capillary 13 contacts the bottom of the groove of the auxiliary guide plate 5 and deforms slightly to position the capillary. After determining the lateral position of the capillary electrode fixture (10), tighten the slider wrench 4. S2, such as Figure 3 (b) Adjust the position of the middle section slider 3 and retract the capillary tube 13 to expose the cuttable electrode wire 14. Use wire cutters to cut the electrode wire 14 neatly along the right edge of the auxiliary guide plate 5. S3, such as Figure 3 (c) Slide the slider 3 at the tail end until the baffle 7 just contacts the electrode wire 14, and record the scale value of the baffle 7 on the second guide rail 2 at this time. S4, such as Figure 3 (d) Retract the baffle 7 and pull the capillary tube 13 out a sufficient distance; S5, such as Figure 3 (e) Slide the slider 3 at the tail end again until the baffle 7 contacts the capillary 13. S6, such as Figure 3 (f) Align each capillary with the plane of baffle 7 and continue to slide slowly, observe the position scale of baffle 7 and slide to the predetermined position to realize the installation of parallel electrodes for electrohydraulic beam electrolytic processing.

[0023] Although embodiments and drawings of the present invention have been disclosed for illustrative purposes, those skilled in the art will understand that various substitutions, variations and modifications are possible without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention and the appended claims. Therefore, the scope of the present invention is not limited to the contents disclosed in the embodiments and drawings.

Claims

1. A device for mounting a capillary electrode for electro-hydraulic beam machining of turbine blades, characterized in that: Includes a base plate (1), on which a first guide rail (8) and a second guide rail (2) are symmetrically arranged. Three sets of sliders (3) are spaced apart on the first guide rail (8) and the second guide rail (2). A slider locking wrench (4) is provided on one side of each slider (3). A connecting frame (6) is provided between the first and last sliders (3). A tooling fixing frame (11) and a baffle (7) are fixedly connected to the connecting frame (6) by a connecting piece (12). 11) A capillary electrode fixture (10) is installed on the upper part of the device. An auxiliary guide plate (5) is provided between the middle slider (3). The surface of the auxiliary guide plate (5) is provided with several grooves. An electrode wire (14) is fixedly installed on the capillary electrode fixture (10). A capillary tube (13) is fitted on the electrode wire (14) and the capillary tube (13) moves along the axial direction of the electrode wire (14). The other end of the capillary tube (13) and the electrode wire (14) is positioned in the groove.

2. The mounting device for the capillary electrode used in electro-hydraulic beam machining of turbine blades according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second guide rail (2) is equipped with a scale, which obtains the relative position of the capillary and the electrode wire, i.e. the retraction distance of the electrode wire, in real time.

3. The mounting device for the capillary electrode used in electro-hydraulic beam machining of turbine blades according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slot of the connector (12) cooperates with the multi-row threaded holes of the tooling fixture (11) to complete the vertical position adjustment of the capillary electrode tooling (10).

4. The mounting device for the capillary electrode used in electro-hydraulic beam machining of turbine blades according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spacing of the grooves on the auxiliary guide plate (5) is consistent with the spacing of the capillary tube (13), thus completing the positioning of the capillary tube (13) and the cutting of the electrode wire (14).

5. A method for installing a capillary electrode for electro-hydraulic beam machining of turbine blades, characterized in that: The method is used to install the capillary electrode for electro-hydraulic beam machining of turbine blades as described in claims 1-4, and the steps of the method are as follows: S1. Fix the capillary electrode fixture (10) on the fixture fixture (11), adjust the vertical position of the fixture fixture (11) and tighten the screws to ensure that the side wall of each capillary (13) contacts the bottom of the groove of the auxiliary guide plate (5) and deforms slightly to position the capillary. After determining the lateral position of the capillary electrode fixture (10), tighten the slider wrench (4). S2. Adjust the position of the middle section slider (3) and retract the capillary tube (13) to expose the cuttable electrode wire (14). Use wire cutters to cut the electrode wire (14) neatly along the right edge of the auxiliary guide plate (5). S3. Slide the slider (3) at the tail end until the baffle (7) just contacts the electrode wire (14), and record the scale value of the baffle (7) on the second guide rail (2) at this time. S4. Retract the baffle (7) and pull the capillary tube (13) out a sufficient distance; S5. Slide the slider (3) at the tail end again until the baffle (7) contacts the capillary (13); S6. Using the plane of the baffle (7) to align each capillary, continue to slide slowly, observe the position scale of the baffle (7) and slide to the predetermined position to realize the installation of parallel electrodes for electrohydraulic beam electrolytic processing.

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