Welding equipment with welding gun anti-collision and automatic reset mechanism

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of welding equipment, and discloses welding equipment with a welding gun anti-collision and automatic reset mechanism, which comprises a base, the top of the base is fixedly connected with a mounting plate, the top left side of the mounting plate is provided with a clamping assembly, the top middle of the mounting plate is provided with a limiting assembly, the right side of the mounting plate is provided with a fixing assembly in a penetrating mode, and the top right side of the mounting plate is provided with a welding assembly. In the application, the clamping assembly adopts symmetrical clamping blocks of double-side air cylinders to oppositely clamp workpieces, so that the lateral thrust is offset; the limiting assembly bi-directionally restricts the up-and-down floating of the workpieces through the top positioning wheel and the bottom jacking connecting block; the fixing assembly is provided with adjustable flexible limiting wheels to realize the lateral limiting of the workpieces, three-dimensional synchronous locking in the up-and-down, left-and-right and lateral directions, offsetting the workpiece displacement caused by welding thermal deformation and welding gun feeding thrust, stabilizing the posture of the workpieces in the whole welding process, stably locking the workpieces in multiple dimensions, and avoiding the walking position defects of the workpieces.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of welding equipment technology, and in particular to a welding equipment with a welding torch anti-collision and automatic reset mechanism. Background Technology

[0002] The welding torch anti-collision automatic reset mechanism is an integrated safety buffer positioning component installed between the robot's end flange and the welding torch neck. It integrates collision detection, impact buffering, offset disengagement, automatic centering and reset after external force elimination, and reset signal feedback functions. It maintains rigid positioning during welding operations, and quickly disengages and sends an emergency stop signal in the event of an impact. After the obstacle is removed, it automatically restores its original coaxial and circumferential position by relying on elasticity and magnetic force, without the need for manual correction. The robot welding torch, conductive rod, torch neck, wire feed guide, and servo sixth axis reducer are all high-value parts. Without the anti-collision mechanism, the welding torch will directly cause the tooling, workpiece, and fixture to bend, deform the conductive nozzle, tear the cable, increase the impact clearance of the robot's end axis, and damage the reducer. The anti-collision mechanism disengages and buffers to remove most of the impact load, avoiding rigid hard impacts.

[0003] In automated welding production, unstable workpiece positioning is the core cause of welding torch impacts and weld defects. Existing conventional welding fixtures only have a clamping structure on one side, which can only achieve simple lateral positioning. During the welding process, the workpiece is prone to floating, sinking, and lateral slippage due to welding heat deformation and the thrust of the three-axis feed of the welding torch. After the workpiece is misaligned, it will directly cause rigid impact between the welding torch nozzle and the workpiece and fixture. On the other hand, it will produce batch welding defects such as weld bead misalignment, undercut, incomplete fusion, and missing welds, which will significantly increase rework costs. At the same time, traditional fixtures lack multi-directional coordinated constraint structures in the vertical, horizontal, and lateral directions, making them unsuitable for various sizes of small and medium-sized workpieces. Workpiece clamping and correction are time-consuming and difficult to meet the needs of fully automated unattended continuous production. Existing three-axis sliding table welding mechanisms also lack anti-collision protection and have no integrated buffer structure. Upon impact, the force is directly transmitted to the gun neck, conductive nozzle, three-axis servo motor, and linear guide rail, frequently resulting in faults such as gun neck bending, increased guide rail clearance, and servo reducer damage. Precision parts wear out quickly, and equipment overhaul costs are high. There is no automatic reset or accuracy verification; the simple anti-collision structure can only achieve collision stop. After the impact, the welding gun's posture shifts and becomes misaligned, requiring manual stoppage to correct the welding gun and recalibrate the welding coordinates, resulting in long production line downtime and a significant reduction in equipment uptime. There is a lack of a closed-loop monitoring mechanism; the dual acquisition components of collision sensing and position feedback are not integrated, and the welding gun's return accuracy cannot be automatically verified after reset. Minor deviations cannot be detected by the system, leading to continuous production of defective products. The protective structure is insufficient; precision parts such as the three-axis guide rail and return spring lack airtight dust protection, and welding slag and metal dust can easily cause the mechanism to jam, resulting in a large workload for daily maintenance and cleaning.

[0004] To address the aforementioned issues, a welding device with a welding torch anti-collision and automatic reset mechanism is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To overcome the above shortcomings, this invention provides a welding device with a welding torch anti-collision and automatic reset mechanism. It aims to improve the problems of existing automated welding equipment, which are prone to rigid impacts of the welding torch caused by errors in incoming materials, tooling, and programs. Traditional devices lack buffering, automatic reset and position verification, have unstable tooling positioning, high wear and tear on vulnerable parts, long production line downtime, many defective welded products, and poor production stability.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a welding device with a welding torch anti-collision and automatic reset mechanism, comprising a base, a mounting plate fixedly connected to the top of the base, a clamping component provided on the top left side of the mounting plate, a limiting component provided in the top middle of the mounting plate, a fixing component provided through the right side of the mounting plate, and a welding component provided at the rear end of the top right side of the mounting plate. The welding assembly includes a mounting bracket 1, which is fixedly connected to the top right rear end of a mounting plate. A motor 1 is fixedly connected to the top left side of the mounting bracket 1. A connecting plate 1 is slidably connected to the transmission rod at the output end of the motor 1. Multiple sliders 1 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the connecting plate 1, and slide rails 1 are longitudinally slidably connected to the inner surfaces of the multiple sliders 1. A mounting bracket 2 is fixedly connected to the top of the connecting plate 1. A motor 2 is fixedly connected to the left rear end of the mounting bracket 2. A connecting plate 2 is slidably connected to the transmission rod at the output end of the motor 2. Multiple sliders 2 are fixedly connected to the right side of the connecting plate 2, and the inner surfaces of the multiple sliders 2... The connecting plate is horizontally slidably connected to a slide rail 2. A motor 3 is fixedly connected to the top left side of the connecting plate 2. A mounting bracket 3 is slidably connected to the transmission rod at the output end of the motor 3. Multiple sliders 3 are fixedly connected to the right side of the mounting bracket 3. The inner surfaces of the multiple sliders 3 are vertically slidably connected to slide rail 3. A welding machine is fixedly installed on the left side of the mounting bracket 3. A sensor is fixedly connected to the right side of the inner wall of the welding machine. An automatic reset mechanism is fixedly connected to the top of the welding machine. A buffer mechanism is fixedly connected to the bottom of the welding machine. A welding gun is fixedly installed at the bottom of the buffer mechanism. A position feedback device is fixedly connected to the right side of the buffer mechanism.

[0007] As a further description of the above technical solution: A controller is fixedly connected to the top outer side of the base, a top frame is slidably connected to the front right end of the controller, and an opening and closing plate is fixedly connected to the front left end of the controller.

[0008] As a further description of the above technical solution: The clamping assembly includes a driver, which is fixedly connected to the top right side of the mounting plate. A drive rod is fixedly connected to the output end of the driver. A fixing block is fixedly installed on the left side of the outer wall of the drive rod. A moving block is slidably connected to the middle of the outer wall of the drive rod. A connecting frame is fixedly connected to the top of the moving block. Multiple sliders are fixedly connected to the front and rear sides of the bottom of the connecting frame. Slide rails are slidably connected to the inner surfaces of the multiple sliders. Two cylinders are fixedly connected to the outer side of the connecting frame. A fixing plate is fixedly connected to the output end of the two cylinders. Multiple limit rods are slidably connected to the top and bottom of the inner surfaces of the two fixing plates. A clamping block is fixedly connected to the inner side of the fixing plate.

[0009] As a further description of the above technical solution: The limiting assembly includes a second connecting frame, which is fixedly connected to the outer side of the top center of the mounting plate. A first limiting block is fixedly connected to the right side of the second connecting frame. An adjusting rod is installed through the top of the inner surface of the first limiting block. A mounting base is fixedly connected to the bottom of the adjusting rod. A second moving block is fixedly installed to the right side of the mounting base. A positioning wheel is rotatably connected to the inner side of the second moving block. A third connecting frame is fixedly connected to the inner side of the top center of the mounting plate. A second cylinder is fixedly connected to the inner side of the third connecting frame. A connecting block is fixedly connected to the output end of the second cylinder.

[0010] As a further description of the above technical solution: The fixing assembly includes two connecting plates three, which are fixedly connected to the front and rear ends of the top right side of the mounting plate. Multiple T-shaped blocks are fixedly connected to the top of the two connecting plates three. Adjusting rods two are fixedly installed on the inner side of each of the multiple T-shaped blocks. Fixing plates two are fixedly connected to adjacent sides of the multiple adjusting rods two. Limiting blocks two are slidably connected to the bottom of the fixing plates two. A motor four is fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixing plates two. A limiting wheel is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor four.

[0011] As a further description of the above technical solution: Both of the first slide rails are longitudinally fixedly connected to the front and rear sides of the top of the first mounting bracket, both of the second slide rails are transversely fixedly connected to the left side of the second mounting bracket, and both of the third slide rails are vertically fixedly connected to the left ends of the front and rear sides of the second connecting plate.

[0012] As a further description of the above technical solution: Multiple limiting rods are fixedly connected to one side of the connecting frame, and two slide rails are fixedly connected longitudinally to the front and rear ends of the top left side of the mounting plate. Two clamping blocks clamp the workpiece.

[0013] As a further description of the above technical solution: The outer wall of the positioning wheel is attached to the top of the workpiece, and the connecting block lifts the workpiece to be welded to the aligned position.

[0014] As a further description of the above technical solution: Multiple limiting wheels are rotatably connected to the top of the fixed plate 2, and multiple limiting blocks 2 are fixedly connected to the top inner side of the two connecting plates 3.

[0015] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. In this invention, the clamping assembly uses symmetrical clamping blocks with double-sided cylinders to clamp the workpiece in opposite directions, thus offsetting the lateral thrust; the limiting assembly uses the top positioning wheel and the bottom lifting connecting block to bidirectionally constrain the workpiece's vertical movement; the fixing assembly is equipped with adjustable flexible limiting wheels to achieve lateral workpiece limiting, and three-dimensional synchronous locking in the up, down, left, right, and side directions, completely offsetting the workpiece displacement caused by welding thermal deformation and welding torch feed thrust, ensuring stable workpiece posture throughout the welding process, multi-dimensional stable locking of the workpiece, and avoiding workpiece displacement defects.

[0016] 2. In this invention, the welding components reduce production losses and defect rates in two dimensions. On the one hand, the absence of workpiece offset can significantly reduce the rigid impact of the welding gun caused by positioning deviation, reduce the wear frequency of the conductive nozzle, gun neck, three-axis slide rail, and servo motor, and reduce equipment maintenance and replacement costs. On the other hand, the constant reference position of the workpiece and the absence of weld trajectory offset improve batch welding defects such as weld misalignment, missed welds, and incomplete fusion, significantly improve the welding consistency and yield of finished products, and reduce rework costs.

[0017] 3. This invention is highly versatile and adaptable to automated continuous feeding clamping components, which can move laterally as a whole. The limiting and fixing components are equipped with adjustable rods, which can adapt to small and medium-sized workpieces of different lengths, widths and thicknesses. The triple positioning coordinated action can be fully automatically controlled by the controller, eliminating the need for manual repeated correction of the workpiece reference, shortening the single-piece clamping time, and adapting to fully automatic unattended cyclic welding production lines. It is highly versatile and adaptable to automated continuous feeding.

[0018] 4. In this invention, the automatic reset mechanism, buffer mechanism, and position feedback device are centrally arranged at the top of the welding torch. The structure is compact and does not occupy the welding operation space. It is suitable for various small and medium-sized workpieces in enclosed welding stations. The base is equipped with a closed top frame and controller to protect welding slag and dust from entering the slide rail, reset spring and other precision moving parts, reduce mechanism jamming failures, reduce daily maintenance and cleaning workload, and take into account both protective performance and production practicality. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of a welding device with a welding torch anti-collision and automatic reset mechanism proposed in this invention. Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the base and mounting plate of a welding equipment with a welding torch anti-collision and automatic reset mechanism proposed in this invention. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the mounting plate and welding assembly of a welding equipment with a welding torch anti-collision and automatic reset mechanism proposed in this invention. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a three-axis welding assembly structure of a welding device with a welding torch anti-collision and automatic reset mechanism proposed in this invention. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the mounting frame and slide rail of a welding equipment with a welding torch anti-collision and automatic reset mechanism proposed in this invention. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the clamping assembly structure of a welding device with a welding torch anti-collision and automatic reset mechanism proposed in this invention. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the connecting frame and the limiting rod of a welding equipment with a welding torch anti-collision and automatic reset mechanism proposed in this invention. Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the limiting component structure of a welding equipment with a welding torch anti-collision and automatic reset mechanism proposed in this invention. Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the fixed component structure of a welding equipment with a welding torch anti-collision and automatic reset mechanism proposed in this invention.

[0020] Legend: 1. Base; 2. Top frame; 3. Opening / closing plate; 4. Controller; 5. Mounting plate; 6. Welding Components; 601. Mounting Bracket 1; 602. Motor 1; 603. Slide Rail 1; 604. Slider 1; 605. Connecting Plate 1; 606. Mounting Bracket 2; 607. Motor 2; 608. Slide Rail 2; 609. Slider 2; 610. Connecting Plate 2; 611. Motor 3; 612. Slide Rail 3; 613. Slider 3; 614. Mounting Bracket 3; 615. Welding Machine; 616. Sensor; 617. Automatic Reset Mechanism; 618. Buffer Mechanism; 619. Welding Gun; 620. Position Feedback Device; 7. Clamping assembly; 701. Driver; 702. Drive rod; 703. Moving block one; 704. Fixing block; 705. Slide rail four; 706. Slider four; 707. Connecting frame one; 708. Cylinder one; 709. Fixing plate one; 710. Limiting rod; 711. Clamping block; 8. Limiting assembly; 801. Connecting frame two; 802. Limiting block one; 803. Adjusting rod one; 804. Moving block two; 805. Mounting base; 806. Positioning wheel; 807. Connecting frame three; 808. Cylinder two; 809. Connecting block; 9. Fixing components; 901. Connecting plate three; 902. T-block; 903. Adjusting rod two; 904. Limiting block two; 905. Fixing plate two; 906. Motor four; 907. Limiting wheel. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] Reference Figure 1-9 This invention provides an embodiment of a welding device with a welding torch anti-collision and automatic reset mechanism, comprising a base 1. The base 1 is integrally formed by bending and welding thickened sheet metal, with adjustable support feet and casters installed at the bottom for easy equipment transportation and leveling. A rigid mounting plate 5 is fixed to the top surface of the base 1. The mounting plate 5 is milled from 6061 aluminum alloy profile and serves as a unified reference bearing for the clamping assembly 7, limiting assembly 8, fixing assembly 9, and welding assembly 6, ensuring the coaxiality of the entire mechanism assembly. The clamping assembly 7 is mounted on the left side of the mounting plate 5, the limiting assembly 8 is mounted in the middle, and the fixing assembly 9 is mounted through the right side. The welding assembly 6 is arranged in the rear right area of ​​the mounting plate 5. The clamping assembly 7, limiting assembly 8, and fixing assembly 9 form a triple all-dimensional positioning system, which is the first core innovation of this invention. It can constrain the workpiece in three dimensions from top to bottom, left to right, and side, offset welding thermal deformation and three-axis feed thrust, avoid welding torch impact and weld bead misalignment defects caused by workpiece displacement, significantly reduce the wear of the contact tip and slide rail, and improve the yield of batch welding.

[0023] Welding assembly 6 includes mounting bracket 601, which is locked to the right rear end of mounting plate 5. Motor 602 is mounted on the upper left of mounting bracket 601. Motor 602, driven by a lead screw, mounts connecting plate 605. Slider 604 is fixed to the bottom of connecting plate 605 and slides along longitudinal slide rail 603. Mounting bracket 606 is fixed to the top of connecting plate 605. Motor 607 is mounted at the rear end of mounting bracket 606 and drives connecting plate 610 to slide along transverse slide rail 608 via slider 609. Motor 611 is mounted on the top left side of connecting plate 610 and drives mounting bracket 614 to rise and fall along vertical slide rail 612 via slider 613. The welding machine 615 is mounted on the left side of mounting bracket 3 (614). The welding machine 615 has a built-in sensor 616, an automatic reset mechanism 617 on the top, and a buffer mechanism 618 connected to the bottom. The welding gun 619 is mounted at the bottom of the buffer mechanism 618, and a position feedback device 620 is fixed on the side. The three-axis independent servo drive, combined with dual acquisition of sensors and position feedback, realizes a closed loop of collision emergency stop, buffer energy absorption, automatic centering, and reset verification. This is the second supporting innovation of this invention, which shortens the production line downtime and protects the precision transmission parts of the three axes.

[0024] The controller 4 is fixed to the outer top surface of the base 1. The controller 4 integrates a touch screen display. All motors, cylinders, and sensors of the entire machine are electrically connected to the controller 4, which coordinates all actions such as workpiece positioning, three-axis welding, collision emergency stop, and automatic reset, achieving fully automated operation. The top frame 2 is slidably mounted on the front right end of the controller 4. The top frame 2 is a push-pull sheet metal dust cover that can slide back and forth along the upper guide rail of the controller 4. It closes during welding operations, covering the three-axis slide rail 1 603, slide rail 2 608, slide rail 3 612, and the automatic reset mechanism 6. 17. Buffer mechanism 618 prevents welding slag and metal dust from entering, avoiding spring jamming and increased slide rail clearance, and significantly reducing the workload of daily equipment cleaning and maintenance. The opening and closing plate 3 is fixed on the left side of the front of the controller 4. The opening and closing plate adopts a hinge rotation structure, which can be opened outward when loading and unloading workpieces or when the mechanism is being repaired, providing a spacious operating space. The protective structure is used in conjunction with the three-axis welding mechanism, solving the defects of traditional equipment that lacks airtight dust protection and has rapid component wear, extending the service life of the whole machine slide rail and reset mechanism, and matching the needs of small and medium-sized airtight welding stations.

[0025] Clamping assembly 7 includes a driver 701, which is locked in the upper left area of ​​mounting plate 5. The output end of driver 701 is connected to drive rod 702. A fixing block 704 is mounted on the left side of drive rod 702. A moving block 703 is slidably mounted on the rod body. A connecting frame 707 is fixedly connected to the top of moving block 703. A slider 706 is mounted on the bottom of connecting frame 707, and slider 706 slides smoothly along longitudinal slide rail 705. Cylinders 708 are symmetrically mounted on the left and right sides of connecting frame 707. The output end of cylinder 708 is connected to fixing plate 709. The upper and lower limit rods 710 are used to fix the clamping blocks 711 inside the fixing plate 709. The driver 701 can drive the entire clamping mechanism to move laterally along the slide rail 705 to adapt to workpieces of different lengths. The double-sided cylinders 708 drive the two clamping blocks 711 to clamp in opposite directions, so that the force is balanced and the welding lateral thrust is offset. The limit rods 710 make the clamping blocks 711 feed horizontally without deviation. As the core lateral clamping unit of the triple positioning system, it solves the pain points of traditional tooling single-sided clamping and easy workpiece side slippage, reduces the probability of the welding torch colliding with the tooling, stabilizes the weld formation, and improves the welding consistency.

[0026] Limiting assembly 8 includes a second connecting frame 801, which is fixed to the outer middle of the top surface of mounting plate 5. A first limiting block 802 is mounted on the right side of the second connecting frame 801, vertically penetrating an adjusting rod 803. The lower end of the adjusting rod 803 is connected to a mounting base 805. A second moving block 804 is mounted on the right side of the mounting base 805, and a positioning wheel 806 is rotatably mounted inside the moving block 804. A third connecting frame 807 is fixed to the inner middle of mounting plate 5, and a second cylinder 808 is mounted inside the third connecting frame 807. The second cylinder 808 outputs... The connecting block 809 is installed with the end facing upwards. The adjusting rod 803 can finely adjust the height of the positioning wheel 806 to adapt to different thickness plates. The arc-shaped positioning wheel 806 flexibly fits the top surface of the workpiece to avoid damaging the base material. The cylinder 808 lifts the connecting block 809 to support it from the bottom of the workpiece, forming a two-way limiting structure. The limiting component 8, together with the clamping component 7 and the fixing component 9, constructs a three-dimensional constraint to limit the upward and downward displacement of the workpiece, avoid the vertical displacement of the workpiece causing hard collision of the welding torch, reduce the wear of the conductive tip and torch neck, and reduce the frequency of equipment overhaul.

[0027] The fixing component 9 includes two connecting plates 901, which are locked to the front and rear ends of the right side of the top surface of the mounting plate 5, respectively. Multiple T-shaped blocks 902 are mounted on the top surface of the connecting plates 901. The T-shaped blocks 902 laterally pass through the adjusting rod 903, and the opposing ends of the adjusting rod 903 are connected to the fixing plate 905. A limiting block 904 is slidably mounted on the bottom of the fixing plate 905. A motor 906 is fixed to the lower end of the fixing plate 905, and a limiting wheel 907 is mounted on the output end of the motor 906. The adjusting rod 903 allows for stepless adjustment of the two fixing plates. The spacing of 905 is suitable for workpieces of different widths; the limiting block 904 limits the maximum travel of the fixing plate 905 to prevent the workpiece from being squeezed and deformed; the outer ring of the limiting wheel 907 is covered with wear-resistant polyurethane, and the motor 906 drives the limiting wheel 907 to rotate and flexibly fit the side wall of the workpiece without rigid scratches; the fixing component 9, as a triple positioning lateral auxiliary unit, works with the clamping component 7 and the limiting component 8 to lock the workpiece in all directions, avoid the hidden danger of lateral slippage of the workpiece, stabilize the welding trajectory, reduce the number of defective products with incomplete weld fusion and undercut, and reduce rework costs.

[0028] Two slide rails 603 are fixed parallel to each other longitudinally on the front and rear sides of the top of the mounting bracket 601, forming an X-axis lateral feed guide with slider 604. Motor 602 drives connecting plate 605 to move back and forth along slide rail 603, realizing the X-axis position adjustment of the welding torch. Two slide rails 608 are fixed parallel to each other transversely on the left side of the mounting bracket 606, forming a Y-axis longitudinal feed guide with slider 609. Motor 607 drives connecting plate 610 to slide left and right, completing the Y-axis position adjustment of the welding torch. Two slide rails 612 are fixed parallel to each other vertically on connecting plate 610. On the left end, front and rear sides, it forms a Z-axis lifting guide with slider 613. Motor 611 drives welding gun 619 to lift up and down to adjust the welding height. All three sets of slide rail sliders adopt a dustproof and sealed guide rail structure, which is combined with the top frame 2 of the whole machine for closed protection to prevent welding slag and dust from entering the guide rail gap and avoid slide rail jamming and increased gap causing welding positioning deviation. The three-axis independent slide rail feed can accurately match complex irregular weld seams. When a collision occurs, the three axes synchronously stop and lock to avoid secondary impact caused by continuous slide table feed and protect high-value precision parts such as servo motors and guide rails.

[0029] Multiple limiting rods 710 are fixed parallel to each other on the inner walls of the connecting brackets 707 on both sides, serving as horizontal sliding guide references for the fixed plate 709, ensuring that the clamping block 711 clamps without tilting or offset. Two slide rails 705 are fixed parallel to each other longitudinally at the upper left and front and rear ends of the mounting plate 5, precisely sliding with the slider 706 to support the lateral translation of the entire clamping assembly 7. The driver 701 outputs power to drive the clamping mechanism to move left and right as a whole, adapting to universal clamping of workpieces of various lengths. The two clamping blocks 711 are arranged symmetrically facing each other, and the cylinder 708 synchronously drives the clamping blocks 711 to complete the double-sided clamping of the workpiece. The double-sided symmetrical clamping structure is evenly stressed, which can offset the thermal stress during welding and the lateral thrust brought by the three-axis advance of the welding torch. The workpiece does not shift or deviate throughout the process, reducing the impact failure of the welding torch, fixture, and workpiece from the root. At the same time, the constant reference ensures uniform weld formation, greatly improving the consistency and yield of finished product welding and reducing batch rework costs.

[0030] The positioning wheel 806 has an arc-shaped outer wall that fits against the top surface of the workpiece. It applies vertical pressure and constraint to the workpiece by relying on its own flexible contact, limiting the upward floating displacement of the workpiece during welding operations. The adjusting rod 803 can freely adjust the pressing height of the positioning wheel 806 according to the thickness of the workpiece plate, which is highly versatile. The cylinder 808 inside the connecting frame 807 is installed vertically upward. The output end of the cylinder 808 is rigidly installed with the connecting block 809. After the workpiece is placed, the cylinder 808 lifts the connecting block 809, lifting it from the bottom of the workpiece upward, raising the workpiece reference surface to fit and align with the positioning wheel 806, automatically correcting the vertical positioning error of the workpiece. The positioning wheel 806 and the connecting block 809 form a two-way clamping limit, which, together with the left and right clamping components 7 and the lateral fixing components 9, constitutes a three-dimensional full constraint system. This solves the problem of traditional tooling only limiting on one side and the vertical movement of the workpiece, which is not good. It greatly reduces the rigid impact of the welding gun caused by positioning deviation, reduces the wear of the conductive nozzle, gun neck and three-axis slide rail, and reduces the cost of replacing parts during equipment overhaul.

[0031] Multiple sets of limiting wheels 907 are all rotatably assembled on the inner side of the top surface of the second fixed plate 905. The outer ring of the limiting wheel 907 is made of wear-resistant polyurethane material, which flexibly fits the side wall of the workpiece during rotation, without causing rigid extrusion or scratches on the outer wall of the workpiece. Multiple limiting blocks 904 are fixed on the inner sides of the top of the two connecting plates 901, serving as limit blocks for the lateral movement of the second fixed plate 905, preventing the adjustment rod 903 from overtravel and avoiding excessive extrusion and deformation of the workpiece by the limiting wheels 907. The motor 906 outputs torque to drive the limiting wheels 907 to rotate at low speed, finely adjusting the lateral position of the workpiece to achieve precise centering. The entire fixed assembly 9 can achieve stepless adjustment of the limiting width through the adjustment rod 903, adapting to various specifications of small and medium-sized workpieces. Together with the clamping assembly 7 and the limiting assembly 8, it forms an all-round workpiece locking structure, avoiding the hidden dangers of lateral slippage of the workpiece, stabilizing the welding trajectory, avoiding batch welding defects such as weld misalignment, incomplete welding, and lack of fusion, reducing rework costs on the production line, and improving the continuous operation stability of the automated production line.

[0032] Working principle: The operator pushes and pulls to open the left opening plate 3 of the controller 4, and places the workpiece to be welded stably on the reference surface of the mounting plate 5 platform. After the operator closes the opening plate 3, a loading completion signal is sent to the controller 4. The controller 4 simultaneously starts the coordinated positioning program of the clamping component 7, the limiting component 8, and the fixing component 9. The first step is vertical limiting. The cylinder 808 of the limiting component 8 extends upward, driving the connecting block 809 to lift the bottom of the workpiece, lifting the reference surface of the workpiece upward. The operator rotates the adjusting rod 803 in advance to adjust the vertical height of the positioning wheel 806. The arc-shaped positioning wheel 806 fits against the top surface of the workpiece, realizing bidirectional locking of the workpiece from top to bottom, preventing the workpiece from floating, sinking, or shifting. The second step is left and right clamping. The driver 701 starts, driving the moving block 703 and the connecting frame 707 along the slide rail 70. 5. Move laterally to both sides of the workpiece. The cylinders 708 on both sides simultaneously push out the fixing plate 709. The limit rod 710 guides the clamping block 711 to move horizontally towards each other, clamping the workpiece simultaneously on both sides to counteract the lateral thrust of welding and prevent the workpiece from sliding to the left or right. In the third step, lateral limiting is performed. The adjusting rod 903 is manually rotated to adjust the lateral position of the fixing plate 905. The motor 906 starts and drives the limiting wheel 907 to rotate and fit against the side wall of the workpiece. The limiting block 904 restricts the adjustment stroke of the fixing plate 905. The polyurethane limiting wheel 907 flexibly constrains the workpiece laterally, completing the three-dimensional all-round positioning. After the triple positioning is completed, the positioning sensor built into the clamping component 7, the limiting component 8, and the fixing component 9 transmits the locking completion signal to the controller 4. The workpiece's posture remains constant throughout the process, eliminating the problems of welding gun impact and poor weld caused by workpiece deviation.

[0033] After receiving the workpiece positioning signal, controller 4 retrieves the preset welding trajectory program and drives motors 602, 607, and 611 to achieve independent X, Y, and Z axis feed. Motor 602 drives connecting plate 605 to move back and forth along slide rail 603 via slider 604 to complete the X-axis lateral position adjustment. Motor 607 drives connecting plate 610 to slide left and right along slide rail 608 via slider 609 to complete the Y-axis longitudinal adjustment. Motor 611 drives mounting bracket 614 to move vertically up and down along slide rail 612 via slider 613 to adjust the welding gun 619 for Z-axis welding. The height and all three-axis slide rails are equipped with a dustproof and sealed structure, which, together with the top frame 2, closes the dustproof structure to prevent welding slag and dust from entering and reduce the failure of the mechanism to jam. After the three axes are adjusted to the welding start coordinates, the welding machine 615 starts to start the arc, and the welding gun 619 continues to move along the preset complex weld seam to weld. During the entire welding process, the built-in sensor 616 of the welding machine 615 collects the deformation signal of the buffer mechanism 618 in real time, and the side position feedback device 620 of the buffer mechanism 618 simultaneously collects the reference coordinates of the welding gun 619 in real time. The two sets of signals are continuously transmitted back to the controller 4 to build a real-time monitoring closed loop for the welding process and realize unattended monitoring throughout the process.

[0034] If there are deviations in the dimensions of the incoming workpiece, slight positioning errors in the tooling, or errors in the welding program trajectory during the welding process, the nozzle of the welding gun 619 will cause a rigid impact with the workpiece and the fixture. The impact force is first transmitted to the buffer mechanism 618. The elastic buffer inside the buffer mechanism 618 instantly absorbs most of the impact load, cutting off the transmission of the rigid impact force to the welding machine 615, the three-axis servo motor, and the slide rail slider. This avoids high-cost failures such as gun neck bending, conductive nozzle deformation, increased slide rail clearance, and damage to the servo reducer. When the buffer mechanism 618 is slightly deflected by the impact, the sensor 616 immediately captures the displacement electrical signal and transmits it to the controller 4 at high speed. The controller 4 instantly and synchronously cuts off the power supply to the first motor 602, the second motor 607, and the third motor 611. The three-axis slide immediately locks and stops feeding, preventing the slide from continuing to move and causing secondary impact damage. This maximizes the protection of the precision transmission components of the whole machine and reduces the cost of component replacement and equipment overhaul.

[0035] After the operator removes the impact obstacle, the external force on the welding gun 619 is eliminated. The built-in elastic reset component of the automatic reset mechanism 617 on the top of the welding machine 615 uses elastic force to pull the buffer mechanism 618 and the welding gun 619 to autonomously and coaxially center back to its original standard posture before welding. During the entire reset process, the position feedback device 620 continuously monitors the displacement data of the welding gun 619 and transmits coordinate signals to the controller 4 in real time. When the welding gun 619 returns to the factory reference coordinates, the position feedback device 620 sends a reset signal to the controller 4. The controller automatically clears the equipment collision alarm. There is no need for manual correction of the welding gun posture and recalibration of the welding coordinates. The equipment can directly restart the remaining welding program, which greatly shortens the production line downtime and improves the equipment utilization rate. The dual signal acquisition structure can identify micron-level micro-deviations of the welding gun, avoid the generation of weld seam undercut and batch defects due to incomplete fusion caused by incomplete reset, and stabilize the finished product qualification rate.

[0036] After the controller 4 confirms that the welding gun 619 has been reset and there is no collision alarm signal, it automatically retrieves the remaining welding trajectory program, the three-axis servo motor restarts the feed, and the welding gun 619 continues to complete the remaining weld. After all welding processes for a single workpiece are completed, the three-axis slide automatically resets to the initial standby origin. Then the controller 4 outputs a release signal, the clamping component 7 cylinder 1 708 retracts to release the clamping block 711, the limit component 8 cylinder 2 808 descends to release the bottom support of the workpiece, and releases all three-dimensional limits of the workpiece. The operator opens the opening and closing plate 3 to take out the finished workpiece, puts in a brand new workpiece to be processed, and repeats the above triple positioning, three-axis welding, collision protection, and automatic reset process to achieve uninterrupted cyclic automated welding.

[0037] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A welding device with a welding torch anti-collision and automatic reset mechanism, comprising a base (1), characterized in that: The top of the base (1) is fixedly connected to the mounting plate (5), the top left side of the mounting plate (5) is provided with a clamping component (7), the top middle of the mounting plate (5) is provided with a limiting component (8), the right side of the mounting plate (5) is provided with a fixing component (9), and the rear end of the top right side of the mounting plate (5) is provided with a welding component (6). The welding assembly (6) includes a mounting bracket one (601), which is fixedly connected to the rear end of the top right side of the mounting plate (5). A motor one (602) is fixedly connected to the top left side of the mounting bracket one (601). A connecting plate one (605) is slidably connected to the transmission rod at the output end of the motor one (602). A plurality of sliders one (604) are fixedly connected to the bottom of the connecting plate one (605). A slide rail one (603) is longitudinally slidably connected to the inner surface of each of the sliders one (604). A mounting bracket two (606) is fixedly connected to the top of the connecting plate one (605). A motor two (607) is fixedly connected to the rear end of the left side of the mounting bracket two (606). A connecting plate two (610) is slidably connected to the transmission rod at the output end of the motor two (607). A plurality of sliders two (609) are fixedly connected to the right side of the connecting plate two (610). A plurality of sliders two (609) are slidably connected to the inner surface of each of the sliders two (609). A slide rail 2 (608) is slidably connected laterally. A motor 3 (611) is fixedly connected to the top left side of the connecting plate 2 (610). A mounting bracket 3 (614) is slidably connected to the transmission rod at the output end of the motor 3 (611). Multiple sliders 3 (613) are fixedly connected to the right side of the mounting bracket 3 (614). A slide rail 3 (612) is vertically slidably connected to the inner surface of each slider 3 (613). A welding machine (615) is fixedly installed on the left side of the mounting bracket 3 (614). A sensor (616) is fixedly connected to the right side of the inner wall of the welding machine (615). An automatic reset mechanism (617) is fixedly connected to the top of the welding machine (615). A buffer mechanism (618) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the welding machine (615). A welding gun (619) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the buffer mechanism (618). A position feedback device (620) is fixedly connected to the right side of the buffer mechanism (618).

2. The welding equipment with a welding torch anti-collision and automatic reset mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base (1) is fixedly connected to the top outer side of the controller (4), the top frame (2) is slidably connected to the front right end of the controller (4), and the opening and closing plate (3) is fixedly connected to the front left end of the controller (4).

3. The welding equipment with a welding torch anti-collision and automatic reset mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping assembly (7) includes a driver (701), which is fixedly connected to the top right side of the mounting plate (5). A drive rod (702) is fixedly connected to the output end of the driver (701). A fixing block (704) is fixedly installed on the left side of the outer wall of the drive rod (702). A moving block (703) is slidably connected to the middle of the outer wall of the drive rod (702). A connecting frame (707) is fixedly connected to the top of the moving block (703). The bottom of the connecting frame (707) has two front and rear ends. Multiple sliders (706) are fixedly connected to each side. The inner surfaces of the multiple sliders (706) are longitudinally slidably connected to slide rails (705). Two cylinders (708) are fixedly connected to the outer side of the connecting frame (707). The output ends of the two cylinders (708) are fixedly connected to fixed plates (709). Multiple limit rods (710) are slidably connected to the top and bottom of the inner surfaces of the two fixed plates (709). A clamping block (711) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the fixed plate (709).

4. The welding equipment with a welding torch anti-collision and automatic reset mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limiting component (8) includes a second connecting frame (801), which is fixedly connected to the outer side of the top middle of the mounting plate (5). A first limiting block (802) is fixedly connected to the right side of the second connecting frame (801). An adjusting rod (803) is installed through the top of the inner surface of the first limiting block (802). A mounting base (805) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the first adjusting rod (803). A second moving block (804) is fixedly installed to the right side of the mounting base (805). A positioning wheel (806) is rotatably connected to the inner side of the second moving block (804). A third connecting frame (807) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the top middle of the mounting plate (5). A second cylinder (808) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the third connecting frame (807). A connecting block (809) is fixedly connected to the output end of the second cylinder (808).

5. The welding equipment with a welding torch anti-collision and automatic reset mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing component (9) includes two connecting plates (901). The two connecting plates (901) are fixedly connected to the front and rear ends of the top right side of the mounting plate (5). Multiple T-blocks (902) are fixedly connected to the top of the two connecting plates (901). Adjusting rods (903) are fixedly installed on the inner side of each of the multiple T-blocks (902). Fixing plates (905) are fixedly connected to the adjacent side of each of the multiple adjusting rods (903). Limiting blocks (904) are slidably connected to the bottom of the fixing plates (905). Motors (906) are fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixing plates (905). Limiting wheels (907) are fixedly connected to the output end of the motors (906).

6. The welding equipment with a welding torch anti-collision and automatic reset mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both of the first slide rails (603) are longitudinally fixedly connected to the front and rear sides of the top of the first mounting bracket (601), both of the second slide rails (608) are transversely fixedly connected to the left side of the second mounting bracket (606), and both of the third slide rails (612) are vertically fixedly connected to the left ends of the front and rear sides of the second connecting plate (610).

7. The welding equipment with a welding torch anti-collision and automatic reset mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: Multiple limiting rods (710) are fixedly connected to one side of the connecting frame (707), and two slide rails (705) are fixedly connected longitudinally to the front and rear ends of the top left side of the mounting plate (5). Two clamping blocks (711) clamp the workpiece.

8. The welding equipment with a welding torch anti-collision and automatic reset mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outer wall of the positioning wheel (806) is attached to the top of the workpiece, and the connecting block (809) lifts the workpiece to be welded to the aligned position.

9. A welding device with a welding torch anti-collision and automatic reset mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that: Multiple limiting wheels (907) are rotatably connected to the top of the fixed plate two (905), and multiple limiting blocks two (904) are fixedly connected to the top inner side of the two connecting plates three (901).

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