High-strength fatigue-resistant corrosion-resistant rudder structure and manufacturing method thereof

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of ship manufacturing and metal processing, and particularly discloses a high-strength fatigue-resistant corrosion-resistant rudder stock structure and a manufacturing method thereof, which comprises the following steps: forging, quenching and tempering, welding a corrosion-resistant alloy transition layer, performing surface nanocrystallization treatment on a stress surface of a swing arm part to form a gradient nanostructure surface layer, finishing an inner hole of a shaft hub part and forming microtexture for storing lubricant, and performing overall surface corrosion protection coating. The application is characterized in that different parts of the rudder stock are designed differently, the swing arm part has high fatigue resistance, the inner hole of the shaft hub part has good lubrication, and the long-term protection is provided through the corrosion-resistant alloy transition layer. The application also provides a surface nanocrystallization treatment device which integrates rotary driving, transverse positioning, angle adjustment and composite impact-peening treatment, can move along a complex curved surface in a profiling mode, and realizes uniform preparation of the gradient nanostructure surface layer. The application effectively improves the comprehensive mechanical properties, corrosion resistance and service life of the rudder stock.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the fields of shipbuilding and metal processing technology, specifically to a high-strength, fatigue-resistant, corrosion-resistant rudder stem structure and its manufacturing method. Background Technology

[0002] The rudder handle is a key transmission component in a ship's steering gear system. One end is connected to the rudder stock via a hub, and the other end is connected to the drive mechanism via a swing arm. During ship navigation, it is subjected to complex alternating loads, impact loads, and the corrosive effects of the seawater environment. Its reliability and service life are directly related to the ship's navigation safety.

[0003] Currently, Chinese patent application number CN201910335171.2 discloses a method for machining a rudder handle. This method includes machining a machining reference surface on the rudder handle body, machining the mounting mating surface of the rudder handle body and the mounting mating surfaces of two rudder handle covers respectively, connecting and fixing the rudder handle body to the two rudder handle covers, fixing a semi-cylinder on the rudder handle body and using a plane on the semi-cylinder as a reference surface for the rudder handle connecting rod hole, machining the rudder handle connecting rod hole according to the reference surface, and finally machining the rudder shaft hole on the rudder handle body according to the machining reference surface. This method improves the machining accuracy of the rudder handle connecting rod hole and the rudder shaft hole by setting multiple machining reference surfaces, thereby reducing the machining scrap rate of the rudder handle.

[0004] However, existing technologies do not address the mechanical and corrosion resistance issues faced by the rudder handle during its manufacturing process. They also fail to address the problem that stress concentration areas such as the transition fillet at the root of the swing arm and the connecting lug are prone to fatigue cracks under long-term alternating loads. Furthermore, the mating surface between the inner bore of the hub and the rudder stock is prone to fretting wear and poor lubrication. In addition, the overall corrosion resistance of the rudder handle to seawater is poor. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a high-strength, fatigue-resistant, and corrosion-resistant rudder stem structure and its manufacturing method, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for manufacturing a high-strength, fatigue-resistant, and corrosion-resistant rudder handle structure, the rudder handle structure comprising a hub portion for mounting a rudder stock and a swing arm portion extending radially from the hub portion, the manufacturing method comprising the following steps: S1. The rudder handle blank is formed by forging low-carbon high-alloy steel ingots. S2. The blank is rough-cut and then subjected to quenching and tempering to obtain a tempered sorbite structure. S3. Perform semi-finishing on the workpiece after heat treatment, leaving a strengthening allowance, and then form a corrosion-resistant alloy transition layer by welding on the force-bearing surface of the swing arm and the inner hole surface of the hub. S4. The force-bearing surface of the swing arm is subjected to surface nano-processing using a surface nano-processing device to form a gradient nanostructure surface layer. S5. The inner hole surface of the hub is precision machined, and a micro-texture for storing lubricant is formed on the inner hole surface. At the same time, the nano-processed swing arm is precision machined to the final size. S6. Apply an overall anti-corrosion coating to the final workpiece.

[0007] Preferably, in step S5, the microtexture is a regular pattern or micro-dimple array formed by precision turning or honing, the depth of the microtexture is 0.5 μm to 5 μm, and the surface roughness Ra is controlled between 0.4 μm and 1.6 μm.

[0008] Secondly, the present invention provides a surface nano-processing device for the above-mentioned manufacturing method. The device includes a rotary drive device, a carrier plate connected to the bottom end of the rotary drive device, a guide rod sliding through the inside of the carrier plate, the top of the guide rod being inserted and sliding on the bottom side of the rotary drive device, and an adjustment structure tightly attached to the right end of the carrier plate. The adjustment structure is used to drive a processing head unit installed at its bottom to perform lateral adjustment. The processing head unit is used to spray a high-pressure fluid mixed with solid particles into the processing area while mechanically impacting the rudder structure, so as to achieve surface micro-forging and finishing.

[0009] Preferably, the rotary drive device includes a support cover, with a groove annularly formed on the outer side of the bottom of the support cover. The top of the guide rod is inserted into and slides within the groove. A first motor is locked and fixed inside the upper side of the support cover. A screw is connected to the bottom output end of the first motor. An internally threaded sleeve is threaded onto the outer surface of the screw. An adapter is hinged to the bottom middle side of the internally threaded sleeve. Two protrusions are provided inside the lower middle side of the adapter. The two protrusions are respectively inserted into and slide in the annular groove at the top of the groove rod. The groove rod slides through the middle side of the inner side of the bearing sleeve. A driven gear is rotatably connected to the upper middle side of the inner side of the bearing sleeve. The groove rod slides through the driven gear. The left side of the driven gear meshes with the driving gear. The top middle side of the driving gear is connected to the bottom output end of the second motor. The left side of the second motor is locked and fixed to the support cover. The bottom end of the groove rod is fastened to the carrier plate.

[0010] Preferably, the adjustment structure includes a vertical plate, the side of which is fastened to a carrier plate, and a support frame is locked and fixed to the bottom of the vertical plate on this side. An electric push rod is locked and fixed to the top of the support frame. A rack is connected to the bottom output shaft of the electric push rod. A gear disk meshes with the side of the rack. A rocker arm rotates coaxially in the middle of the gear disk. A quadrilateral connecting rod is rotatably connected to the bottom end of the rocker arm. A first rod and a second rod are rotatably connected to the two adjacent hinge ends of the quadrilateral connecting rod and the rocker arm, respectively. The top ends of the first rod and the second rod are rotatably connected to the front and rear sides of the support frame, respectively. The two ends of the front side of the first rod are connected to the two pulleys of the first pulley group, respectively. The pulley at the bottom of the first pulley group is coaxially connected to the second pulley group. The pulley at the bottom of the second pulley group is coaxially connected to the bottom hinge of the quadrilateral connecting rod. A mounting frame is locked and fixed to the bottom pulley of the second pulley group. The mounting frame is rotatably connected to the outside of the bottom hinge of the quadrilateral connecting rod.

[0011] Preferably, the processing head unit includes a support frame that is fastened to the top of the adjustment structure, an adjustment component that is locked to the side of the support frame, a housing that is locked to the side of the adjustment component away from the support frame, an impact component and a nozzle that are respectively connected to the left and right sides inside the housing, the spray direction of the nozzle is set at an acute angle to the impact axis at the bottom of the impact component, the solid particles are zirconia ceramic microspheres, and the high-pressure fluid is an inert gas.

[0012] Preferably, the directional adjustment assembly includes a pad frame locked and fixed to the side of the support frame. A third motor is locked and fixed to the upper part of the pad frame away from the support frame. A third pulley group is connected to the bottom output end of the third motor. A lead screw is coaxially rotated on the pulley away from the third motor inside the third pulley group. An internal threaded slider is threaded to the outer surface of the lead screw. The internal threaded slider is slidably connected to the front interior of the pad frame and is rotatably connected to a support block. A guide slider is rotatably connected to the rear bottom side of the support block and is slidably connected to the rear interior of the pad frame. A hinge frame is connected to both the front and rear sides of the upper part of the support block. Both hinge frames are L-shaped and the other end of both hinge frames is rotatably connected to the pad frame.

[0013] Preferably, the impact assembly includes a stand fastened to the left side of the chamber shell. A fourth motor is locked and fixed to the upper front part of the stand. The output end of the fourth motor is connected to a first eccentric rod. The first eccentric rod is rotatably connected to the upper right front part of the stand. A first pusher is eccentrically rotated inside the first eccentric rod. An impact pin is rotatably connected to the bottom end of the first pusher. The top of the impact pin is inserted and slidably inserted into the inner side of the chamber. The rear part of the chamber is locked and fixed to the stand. The bottom of the impact pin slides through the inner side of the guide sleeve. The guide sleeve is fastened to the bottom front part of the stand. A second pusher is rotatably connected to the other side of the connection between the impact pin and the first pusher. The top of the second pusher is eccentrically rotated inside the second eccentric rod. The second eccentric rod is rotatably connected to the upper left front part of the stand.

[0014] Thirdly, the present invention also provides a high-strength, fatigue-resistant, corrosion-resistant rudder stem structure, manufactured using the above-described manufacturing method, comprising: Hub section; A swing arm portion integrally formed with the aforementioned hub portion; The force-bearing surface of the swing arm has a gradient nanostructure surface layer formed by intense plastic deformation, and the grain size of the gradient nanostructure surface layer gradually increases from the surface to the inside along the depth direction; The inner bore surface of the hub is a precision-machined surface with a hardness lower than that of the load-bearing surface of the swing arm, and the inner bore surface is distributed with micro-textures for storing lubricant.

[0015] Preferably, the force-bearing surface of the swing arm includes the area around the connecting ear hole at its end and the transition rounded corner area at its root; the microtexture includes circumferentially distributed fine knife marks or micro-pits arranged in a predetermined array; the gradient nanostructure surface layer of the force-bearing surface of the swing arm has a depth of 50μm to 300μm, and the average size of the outermost grain is less than 100nm.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: This invention achieves the optimization of both mechanical and tribological properties by differentiating the treatment of different functional parts of the rudder handle. The stress surface of the swing arm is treated with surface nano-sizing to form a gradient nanostructure surface layer, with the grain size gradually increasing from the surface to the inside, possessing both high strength and good plasticity, which can effectively prevent the initiation and propagation of fatigue cracks. The inner hole surface of the shaft hub is precision-machined to form a micro-texture, which can act as a micro oil reservoir to form a stable hydrodynamic oil film, significantly reducing the coefficient of friction and reducing fretting wear. Through this differentiated structure of strengthening the swing arm and lubricating the shaft hub, each part of the rudder handle obtains the optimal surface state matching its service conditions, thereby maximizing the overall performance.

[0017] This invention enhances the adaptability of the rudder handle to corrosive marine environments through a multi-layered composite structure design. The corrosion-resistant alloy transition layer, formed by welding between the steel substrate and the surface functional layer, possesses both high bonding strength and impact resistance, effectively blocking seawater erosion. Even after the outermost functional layer wears down, the transition layer continues to provide reliable protection, forming a multi-level protection mechanism of substrate bearing, transition layer corrosion protection, and surface reinforcement. This structure enables the rudder handle to withstand complex alternating loads while enduring harsh corrosive environments for extended periods, significantly extending its service life and maintenance cycle.

[0018] This invention optimizes surface nano-processing equipment, enabling high-quality and high-efficiency machining of complex curved surfaces on rudder handles. The equipment integrates multiple functional modules, including rotary drive, lateral adjustment, angle adjustment, and composite impact-shot peening. It can perform contour-following motion along complex curved surfaces such as the root fillet of the swing arm, ensuring the uniform preparation of the gradient nanostructure surface layer. Through a composite structure design combining high-frequency mechanical impact and high-pressure fluid jetting, the efficiency and quality of surface nano-processing are significantly improved, providing a reliable technical guarantee for the mass production of high-performance rudder handles. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the surface nano-treatment equipment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the rotary drive device of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the adjustment structure of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the connection between the quadrilateral connecting rod, the first rod, and the second rod of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the processing head unit of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the orientation component of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the impact component of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the rudder handle structure of the present invention.

[0027] In the picture: Hub section-1, swing arm section-2, microtexture-3; Rotary drive unit-4, carrier plate-5, guide rod-6, adjustment structure-7, processing head unit-8, support cover-41, first motor-42, screw-43, internal threaded sleeve-44, adapter-45, grooved rod-46, bearing sleeve-47, driven gear-48, driving gear-49, second motor-410, upright plate-71, bearing frame-72, electric push rod-73, rack-pinion-74, gear disc-75, rocker arm-76, quadrilateral connecting rod-77, first rod-78, second rod-79, first pulley set-710, second pulley set-71 1. Mounting bracket - 712. Support bracket - 81. Orientation assembly - 82. Chamber shell - 83. Impact assembly - 84. Nozzle - 85. Pad bracket - 821. Third motor - 822. Third pulley assembly - 823. Lead screw - 824. Internal threaded slider - 825. Support block - 826. Guide slider - 827. Hinge bracket - 828. Stand - 841. Fourth motor - 842. First eccentric rod bracket - 843. First push bracket - 844. Impact rod pin - 845. Chamber - 846. Guide sleeve - 847. Second push bracket - 848. Second eccentric rod bracket - 849. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To further explain the technical solution of the present invention, a detailed description is provided below through specific embodiments.

[0029] Example 1, rudder handle structure: like Figure 8 As shown, this embodiment provides a high-strength, fatigue-resistant, and corrosion-resistant rudder stick structure, including a hub portion 1 for mounting the rudder stick and a swing arm portion 2 extending radially from the hub portion 1. The hub portion 1 and the swing arm portion 2 are integrally formed structures, typically forged from high-strength, low-carbon, high-alloy steel.

[0030] The force-bearing surface of the swing arm 2 has a gradient nanostructure surface layer formed by intense plastic deformation. The force-bearing surface of the swing arm 2 includes the area around the connecting ear hole at its end and the transition rounded corner area at its root. The grain size of the gradient nanostructure surface layer gradually increases from the surface to the interior along the depth direction. The average grain size of the outermost layer (about 0-20 μm from the surface) is less than 100 nm, forming a nanocrystalline layer. The middle layer (about 20-150 μm from the surface) is a transition layer with submicron-sized grains. The inner layer (about 150-300 μm from the surface) is a plastic deformation layer with slightly refined grains but still maintaining a micron-sized structure. This gradient structure enables the material to combine the high strength of nanomaterials with the good plasticity of coarse-grained materials, effectively hindering the initiation and propagation of fatigue cracks. The depth of the entire gradient nanostructure surface layer is preferably 50 μm to 300 μm.

[0031] The inner surface of the hub portion 1 is a precision-machined surface, with micro-textures 3 distributed thereon for storing lubricant. The micro-textures 3 can be circumferentially distributed fine tool marks (formed by precision turning) or micro-pits arranged in a predetermined array (formed by honing or laser processing). The depth of the micro-textures 3 is controlled between 0.5μm and 5μm, and the surface roughness Ra is controlled between 0.4μm and 1.6μm. During the assembly and use of the rudder stick and rudder stock, the micro-textures 3 can store lubricating oil and form a hydrodynamic oil film during relative motion, which significantly reduces the coefficient of friction and fretting wear.

[0032] In addition, a corrosion-resistant alloy transition layer formed by overlay welding is provided below the force-bearing surface of the swing arm 2 and the inner hole surface of the hub 1. The thickness of the transition layer is 1-3mm and the material is stainless steel or nickel-based alloy, so that the rudder can still maintain good seawater corrosion resistance even after the surface nano-layer or micro-texture wears.

[0033] Example 2, Manufacturing method: Combination Figures 1-8 This embodiment details the manufacturing method of the above-mentioned rudder handle structure, which includes the following steps: S1. Select low-carbon high-alloy steel ingots, such as 18Cr2Ni4WA or steel with equivalent properties. Heat the steel to the forging temperature (usually 1150℃-1200℃) and perform die forging on a hydraulic press or forging hammer to form the blank of the rudder. During the forging process, control the final forging temperature to be no less than 850℃ to ensure grain refinement. After forging, perform annealing treatment to eliminate internal stress and improve machinability.

[0034] S2. Rough cutting is performed on the annealed blank to remove oxide scale and most of the excess material, leaving room for subsequent machining. Then, a quenching and tempering treatment is performed: first, the blank is heated to above Ac3 (about 860℃-900℃) for quenching to obtain a martensitic structure; then, it is tempered at high temperature (about 560℃-620℃) to obtain a tempered sorbite structure. The quenching and tempering treatment gives the rudder stem base good comprehensive mechanical properties.

[0035] S3. Perform semi-finishing on the workpiece after heat treatment to make the dimensions of each part close to the final dimensions, and leave a strengthening allowance of about 0.5-1.0mm; then, form a corrosion-resistant alloy transition layer on the stress surface of the swing arm 2 (including the area around the end ear hole and the root fillet) and the inner hole surface of the hub 1 through an automatic overlay welding process; the overlay material can be corrosion-resistant alloys such as ER309L and Inconel625, and the overlay thickness is controlled at 1-3mm; after overlay welding, perform stress-relief annealing to eliminate welding stress.

[0036] S4. Using a surface nano-processing device, the surface of the swing arm 2 is nano-processed to form a gradient nanostructure surface layer. During the processing, the surface material of the swing arm 2 undergoes severe plastic deformation through the combined action of high-frequency mechanical impact and high-pressure fluid jetting, and the grains are refined to the nanoscale to form a gradient nanostructure surface layer with a depth of 50-300μm.

[0037] S5. The inner surface of the hub 1 is precision machined (finish turning or honing) to achieve the final dimensional accuracy and roundness requirements. At the same time, a micro-texture 3 for storing lubricant is formed on the inner surface. The micro-texture 3 can be a regular tool mark formed by precision turning (achieved by controlling the feed rate and the radius of the tool tip arc), a cross pattern formed by honing, or a micro-dimple array formed by laser processing. The depth of the micro-texture 3 is controlled between 0.5μm and 5μm, and the surface roughness Ra is controlled between 0.4μm and 1.6μm. Meanwhile, the swing arm 2, which has been nano-processed, is precision machined to remove the tiny protrusions caused by surface plastic deformation, so that the swing arm 2 reaches the final design size. Only a very small amount of material (usually less than 10μm) is removed during the precision machining to retain the complete gradient nanostructure surface layer.

[0038] S6. Clean and degrease the entire workpiece after finishing, and then apply an overall anti-corrosion coating. The coating process can adopt a multi-layer protection system of spraying epoxy zinc-rich primer + epoxy topcoat, or use thermal spraying aluminum layer + sealing treatment to further enhance the corrosion resistance of the rudder in the marine environment.

[0039] Example 3, Surface nano-treatment equipment: This embodiment describes in detail the surface nano-treatment equipment used in step S4, such as... Figures 1-7 As shown, the device includes a rotary drive unit 4, with a carrier plate 5 connected to the bottom end of the rotary drive unit 4. A guide rod 6 slides through the inside of the carrier plate 5, and the top of the guide rod 6 is inserted and slides on the bottom side of the rotary drive unit 4, serving as an auxiliary guide and bearing torque to ensure the stability of the carrier plate 5 during lifting and rotation. An adjustment structure 7 is tightly attached to the right end of the carrier plate 5. The adjustment structure 7 is used to drive the processing head unit 8 installed at its bottom to perform lateral adjustment to adapt to the processing requirements of different positions of the swing arm 2. The processing head unit 8 is used to spray a high-pressure fluid mixed with solid particles into the processing area while mechanically impacting the rudder structure to achieve surface micro-forging and finishing.

[0040] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the rotary drive device 4 includes a support cover 41. The bottom outer side of the support cover 41 is provided with a sliding groove in an annular shape, and the top of the guide rod 6 is inserted and slidably inserted into the inner side of the sliding groove. The upper side of the inside of the support cover 41 is locked and fixed with a first motor 42. The bottom output end of the first motor 42 is connected to a screw 43. The outer surface of the screw 43 is threaded with an internal threaded sleeve 44. When the first motor 42 drives the screw 43 to rotate, the internal threaded sleeve 44 can move up and down. An adapter 45 is hinged to the bottom center of the internal threaded sleeve 44. Two protrusions are provided on the lower center of the adapter 45, and the two protrusions are respectively inserted into the annular groove at the top of the grooved rod 46, so that the grooved rod 46 can rotate at the bottom of the adapter 45. The grooved rod 46 slides through the center of the bearing sleeve 47. The driven gear 48 is rotatably connected to the upper center of the bearing sleeve 47, and the grooved rod 46 slides through the driven gear 48. The left side of the driven gear 48 meshes with the driving gear 49, and the top center of the driving gear 49 is connected to the bottom output end of the second motor 410. The left side of the second motor 410 is locked and fixed to the support cover 41, and the bottom end of the grooved rod 46 is fastened to the carrier plate 5. When the second motor 410 drives the driving gear 49 to rotate, the driven gear 48 drives the grooved rod 46 to rotate, thereby driving the carrier plate 5 below to rotate. With the above structure, the rotary drive device 4 can realize two degrees of freedom of movement: the first motor 42 drives the lifting and lowering of the carrier plate 5 to adapt to workpieces of different sizes; the second motor 410 drives the rotation of the carrier plate 5 so that the processing head unit 8 below can move circumferentially around the rudder arm, which is convenient for processing complex curved surfaces such as root fillets.

[0041] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the adjustment structure 7 includes a vertical plate 71, the side of which is fastened to the carrier plate 5, and a support frame 72 is locked and fixed to the bottom of the side of the vertical plate 71. An electric push rod 73 is locked and fixed to the top of the support frame 72. A rack 74 is connected to the bottom output shaft of the electric push rod 73. A gear disk 75 is meshed and driven on the side of the rack 74. A rocker arm 76 is coaxially rotated in the middle of the gear disk 75. A quadrilateral connecting rod 77 is rotatably connected to the bottom end of the rocker arm 76. A first rod 78 and a second rod 79 are rotatably connected to the two adjacent hinge ends of the quadrilateral connecting rod 77 and the rocker arm 76, respectively. The top ends of the first rod 78 and the top ends of the second rod 79 are rotatably connected to the front and rear sides of the support frame 72, respectively. The front ends of the first member 78 are respectively connected to the two pulleys of the first pulley group 710. The pulley at the bottom of the first pulley group 710 is coaxially connected to the second pulley group 711. The pulley at the bottom of the second pulley group 711 is coaxially connected to the bottom hinge of the quadrilateral connecting rod 77. A mounting bracket 712 is locked and fixed at the bottom pulley of the second pulley group 711. The mounting bracket 712 is rotatably connected to the outside of the bottom hinge of the quadrilateral connecting rod 77. During operation, the electric push rod 73 drives the rack 74 to move up and down, which in turn drives the gear disk 75 to rotate in both directions. The gear disk 75 drives the quadrilateral link 77 to move through the rocker arm 76. The quadrilateral link 77 is a four-bar linkage mechanism, and its end (at the mounting bracket 712) can achieve lateral movement posture adjustment. Through the transmission of the first pulley group 710 and the second pulley group 711, the synchronization and accuracy of the movement are ensured. Finally, the mounting bracket 712 drives the processing head unit 8 to make precise lateral adjustments in the horizontal plane to adapt to different surfaces to be processed.

[0042] like Figure 1 , Figures 5-7 As shown, the processing head unit 8 includes a support frame 81 that is fastened to the top of the adjustment structure 7. An adjustment component 82 is locked to the side of the support frame 81. A housing 83 is locked to the side of the adjustment component 82 away from the support frame 81. Impact components 84 and nozzles 85 are respectively connected to the left and right sides inside the housing 83. The spray direction of the nozzle 85 is set at an acute angle (preferably 30°-60°) with the bottom impact axis of the impact component 84. The nozzle 85 is connected to a high-pressure gas source and a solid particle supply device through a pipeline. During operation, the nozzle 85 sprays a high-pressure fluid mixed with solid particles into the area being processed by the impact component 84. The solid particles are preferably zirconia ceramic microspheres with a particle size of 50μm-200μm, high hardness and not easy to break. The high-pressure fluid is preferably an inert gas such as nitrogen or argon to avoid oxidation of the processed surface. The spray pressure is controlled between 0.5MPa and 1.2MPa. On the one hand, the shot peening effect of the solid particles is used for surface finishing and supplementary strengthening. On the other hand, the high-pressure airflow blows away the processing debris and cools the surface of the workpiece.

[0043] The directional adjustment assembly 82 includes a pad 821 locked and fixed to the side of the support frame 81. A third motor 822 is locked and fixed to the upper part of the pad 821 away from the support frame 81. A third pulley group 823 is connected to the bottom output end of the third motor 822. A lead screw 824 is coaxially rotated on the pulley of the third pulley group 823 away from the third motor 822. An internal threaded slider 825 is threadedly connected to the outer surface of the lead screw 824. The internal threaded slider 825 is slidably connected to the front interior of the pad 821 and is rotatably connected to a support block 826. A guide slider 827 is rotatably connected to the rear bottom side of the support block 826 and is slidably connected to the rear interior of the pad 821. A hinge frame 828 is connected to both the front and rear sides of the upper part of the support block 826. Both hinge frames 828 are L-shaped and the other end of both hinge frames 828 is rotatably connected to the pad 821. During operation, the third motor 822 drives the lead screw 824 to rotate via the third pulley group 823. The lead screw 824 drives the internal thread slider 825 to slide up and down. Since the support block 826 is rotatably connected to the internal thread slider 825 and the rear end is limited by the guide slider 827, the up and down movement of the internal thread slider 825 will cause the support block 826 to change its pitch angle around the connection point with the hinge frame 828, thereby realizing the pitch angle adjustment of the housing 83 and the internal impact assembly 84 and nozzle 85, ensuring that the impact rod needle can impact the curved surface of the swing arm 2 at the optimal angle.

[0044] The impact assembly 84 includes a stand 841 fastened to the left side of the interior of the housing 83. A fourth motor 842 is locked to the upper front part of the stand 841. The output end of the fourth motor 842 is connected to a first eccentric rod 843. The first eccentric rod 843 is rotatably connected to the upper right front part of the stand 841. A first pusher 844 is eccentrically rotated inside the first eccentric rod 843. An impact rod pin 845 is rotatably connected to the bottom end of the first pusher 844. The top of the impact rod pin 845... The impact rod 845 is inserted and slids inside the bin 846, and the rear of the bin 846 is locked and fixed to the upright frame 841. The bottom of the impact rod 845 slides through the guide sleeve 847, and the guide sleeve 847 is fastened to the bottom front of the upright frame 841. The other side of the connection between the impact rod 845 and the first pusher 844 is rotatably connected to the second pusher 848. The top of the second pusher 848 is eccentrically rotated inside the second eccentric rod 849. The second eccentric rod 849 is rotatably connected to the upper left front of the upright frame 841. During operation, the fourth motor 842 drives the first eccentric rod 843 to rotate. The eccentric rotation of the first eccentric rod 843 is converted into the up-and-down reciprocating motion of the impact rod 845 through the first pusher 844. At the same time, the second eccentric rod 849 and the second pusher 848 form another set of eccentric drive mechanisms, which work together with the first set to make the movement of the impact rod 845 more stable and the impact energy greater. The bottom end of the impact rod 845 is spherical or flat, used to perform high-frequency mechanical impact on the surface of the workpiece. By adjusting the speed of the fourth motor 842 and the eccentricity of the first eccentric rod 843, the impact frequency and amplitude can be controlled. Preferably, the impact frequency is 20kHz to 40kHz and the amplitude is 20μm to 100μm.

[0045] Furthermore, in order to improve environmental protection and media recycling rate, the processing head unit 8 can also be equipped with a negative pressure recovery channel. The suction port of the negative pressure recovery channel is located near the nozzle 85 and the impact rod needle 845, forming an annular dust suction port around them, and is connected to an external gas-solid separation and recovery device (such as a cyclone separator + bag filter) through a hose to recover the ejected solid particles and processing debris.

[0046] The working principle of the equipment is as follows: When performing surface nano-processing on the rudder handle swing arm 2, the equipment is first moved to the vicinity of the workpiece by a multi-axis industrial robot or gantry. The rotary drive device 4 adjusts the height and rotation angle of the processing head unit 8 so that it is roughly aligned with the area to be processed. The positioning structure 7 drives the processing head unit 8 to make precise lateral movement in the horizontal plane through its precision linkage mechanism and belt drive, so that the bottom of the impact rod needle 845 just contacts the force-bearing surface of the swing arm 2. The orientation component 82 adjusts the pitch angle of the housing 83 in real time according to the curvature change of the surface of the swing arm 2 to ensure that the impact rod needle 845 is always perpendicular to the processing surface.

[0047] After the equipment is started, the impact component 84 drives the impact rod 845 to impact the workpiece surface up and down at high frequency. At the same time, the nozzle 85 continuously sprays high-pressure inert gas containing ceramic microspheres. Under the dual action of mechanical impact and micro-particle shot peening, the surface material of the workpiece undergoes severe plastic deformation, and the grains are refined to the nanoscale, forming a gradient nanostructure. With the cooperation of the multi-axis linkage robotic arm, the equipment scans the entire force-bearing surface of the swing arm 2 along the preset trajectory, including the plane, curved surface and root transition rounded corner area, to achieve uniform and efficient nano-processing.

[0048] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for manufacturing a high-strength, fatigue-resistant, corrosion-resistant rudder handle structure, the rudder handle structure comprising a hub portion (1) for mounting a rudder stock and a swing arm portion (2) extending radially from the hub portion (1), characterized in that, The manufacturing method includes the following steps: S1. The rudder handle blank is formed by forging low-carbon high-alloy steel ingots. S2. The blank is rough-cut and then subjected to quenching and tempering to obtain a tempered sorbite structure. S3. Perform semi-finishing on the workpiece after heat treatment, leave a strengthening allowance, and then form a corrosion-resistant alloy transition layer by welding on the force-bearing surface of the swing arm (2) and the inner hole surface of the shaft hub (1). S4. The force-bearing surface of the swing arm (2) is subjected to surface nano-processing using a surface nano-processing device to form a gradient nanostructure surface layer. S5. The inner hole surface of the hub (1) is precision machined, and a micro-texture (3) for storing lubricant is formed on the inner hole surface. At the same time, the swing arm (2) after nano-processing is precision machined to the final size. S6. Apply an overall anti-corrosion coating to the final workpiece.

2. The method for manufacturing a high-strength, fatigue-resistant, corrosion-resistant rudder stem structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S5, the microtexture (3) is a regular pattern or micro-dimple array formed by precision turning or honing. The depth of the microtexture is 0.5 μm to 5 μm, and the surface roughness Ra is controlled between 0.4 μm and 1.6 μm.

3. The method for manufacturing a high-strength, fatigue-resistant, corrosion-resistant rudder stem structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S4, the surface nano-processing equipment includes a rotary drive device (4), the bottom end of which is connected to a carrier plate (5). A guide rod (6) slides through the inside of the carrier plate (5), and the top of the guide rod (6) slides into the bottom side of the rotary drive device (4). The right end of the carrier plate (5) is fitted with an adjustment structure (7), which is used to drive the processing head unit (8) installed at its bottom to perform lateral adjustment. The processing head unit (8) is used to spray a high-pressure fluid mixed with solid particles into the processing area while mechanically impacting the rudder structure, so as to achieve surface micro-forging and finishing.

4. The manufacturing method of a high-strength, fatigue-resistant, corrosion-resistant rudder stem structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, The rotary drive device (4) includes a support cover (41). A groove is provided in an annular shape on the outer side of the bottom of the support cover (41), and the top of the guide rod (6) is inserted and slidably inserted into the groove. A first motor (42) is locked and fixed inside the upper side of the support cover (41). A screw (43) is connected to the bottom output end of the first motor (42). An internal threaded sleeve (44) is threaded to the outer surface of the screw (43). An adapter (45) is hinged to the bottom middle side of the internal threaded sleeve (44). Two protrusions are provided inside the lower side of the adapter (45), and the two protrusions are respectively inserted into the groove. The groove rod (46) slides in the annular groove at the top of the groove rod (46). The groove rod (46) slides through the middle side of the inner side of the bearing sleeve (47). The upper side of the inner side of the bearing sleeve (47) is rotatably connected to the driven gear (48). The groove rod (46) slides through the inner side of the driven gear (48). The left side of the driven gear (48) meshes with the driving gear (49). The top middle side of the driving gear (49) is connected to the bottom output end of the second motor (410). The left side of the second motor (410) is locked and fixed to the support cover (41). The bottom end of the groove rod (46) is fastened to the carrier plate (5).

5. The method for manufacturing a high-strength, fatigue-resistant, corrosion-resistant rudder stem structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, The adjustment structure (7) includes a vertical plate (71), the side of which is fastened to the carrier plate (5), and a support frame (72) is locked and fixed to the bottom of the side of the vertical plate (71). An electric push rod (73) is locked and fixed to the top of the support frame (72). A rack (74) is connected to the bottom output shaft of the electric push rod (73). A gear disk (75) is meshed and driven on the side of the rack (74). A rocker arm (76) is coaxially rotated in the middle of the gear disk (75). A quadrilateral connecting rod (77) is rotatably connected to the bottom end of the rocker arm (76). A first rod (78) and a second rod are rotatably connected to the two adjacent hinge ends of the quadrilateral connecting rod (77) and the rocker arm (76). The top ends of the first rod (78) and the second rod (79) are rotatably connected to the front and rear sides of the support frame (72), respectively. The two ends of the front side of the first rod (78) are respectively connected to the two pulleys of the first pulley group (710). The pulley at the bottom of the first pulley group (710) is coaxially connected to the second pulley group (711). The pulley at the bottom of the second pulley group (711) is coaxially connected to the bottom hinge of the quadrilateral connecting rod (77). A mounting bracket (712) is locked and fixed at the bottom pulley of the second pulley group (711). The mounting bracket (712) is rotatably connected to the outside of the bottom hinge of the quadrilateral connecting rod (77).

6. The method for manufacturing a high-strength, fatigue-resistant, corrosion-resistant rudder stem structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, The processing head unit (8) includes a support frame (81) that is fastened to the top of the adjustment structure (7). An adjustment component (82) is locked and fixed to the side of the support frame (81). A housing (83) is locked and fixed to the side of the adjustment component (82) away from the support frame (81). An impact component (84) and a nozzle (85) are respectively connected to the left and right sides inside the housing (83). The spray direction of the nozzle (85) is set at an acute angle with the impact axis at the bottom of the impact component (84). The solid particles are zirconia ceramic microspheres, and the high-pressure fluid is an inert gas.

7. The method for manufacturing a high-strength, fatigue-resistant, corrosion-resistant rudder stem structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, The directional adjustment assembly (82) includes a pad (821) locked and fixed to the side of the support frame (81). A third motor (822) is locked and fixed above the pad (821) on the side away from the support frame (81). A third pulley group (823) is connected to the bottom output end of the third motor (822). A lead screw (824) is coaxially rotated on the pulley on the side away from the third motor (822) inside the third pulley group (823). An internal threaded slider (825) is threadedly connected to the outer surface of the lead screw (824). The slider (825) is slidably connected to the front interior of the pad frame (821), and the internal thread slider (825) is rotatably connected to the support block (826). The bottom rear side of the support block (826) is rotatably connected to the guide slider (827), and the guide slider (827) is slidably connected to the rear interior of the pad frame (821). The upper front and rear sides of the support block (826) are connected to a hinge frame (828). Both hinge frames (828) are L-shaped, and the other end of both hinge frames (828) is rotatably connected to the pad frame (821).

8. The method for manufacturing a high-strength, fatigue-resistant, corrosion-resistant rudder stem structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, The impact assembly (84) includes a stand (841) fastened to the left side inside the housing (83). A fourth motor (842) is locked and fixed to the upper front part of the stand (841). The output end of the fourth motor (842) is connected to a first eccentric rod (843). The first eccentric rod (843) is rotatably connected to the upper right front part of the stand (841), and a first pusher (844) is eccentrically rotated inside the first eccentric rod (843). An impact rod pin (845) is rotatably connected to the bottom end of the first pusher (844). The top of the impact rod pin (845) is inserted into... The impact rod (845) slides inside the silo (846), and the rear of the silo (846) is locked and fixed to the upright (841). The bottom of the impact rod (845) slides through the inside of the guide sleeve (847), and the guide sleeve (847) is fastened to the bottom front of the upright (841). The other side of the connection between the impact rod (845) and the first pusher (844) is rotatably connected to the second pusher (848). The top of the second pusher (848) rotates eccentrically inside the second eccentric rod (849), and the second eccentric rod (849) is rotatably connected to the upper left front of the upright (841).

9. A high-strength, fatigue-resistant, corrosion-resistant rudder stem structure, manufactured using the method described in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, include: Hub portion (1); A swing arm (2) integrally formed with the hub (1); The force-bearing surface of the swing arm (2) has a gradient nanostructure surface layer formed by intense plastic deformation, and the grain size of the gradient nanostructure surface layer gradually increases from the surface to the inside along the depth direction; The inner hole surface of the hub portion (1) is a precision machined surface, and its hardness is lower than that of the force-bearing surface of the swing arm portion (2). The inner hole surface is also distributed with micro-textures (3) for storing lubricant.

10. The high-strength, fatigue-resistant, corrosion-resistant rudder stem structure according to claim 9, characterized in that, The force-bearing surface of the swing arm (2) includes the area around the connecting ear hole at its end and the transition rounded corner area at its root; the microtexture (3) includes circumferentially distributed fine knife marks or micro-pits arranged in a predetermined array; the gradient nanostructure surface layer of the force-bearing surface of the swing arm (2) has a depth of 50μm to 300μm, and the average size of the outermost grain is less than 100nm.

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