A boring, scraping and rolling combined machine tool

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of deep hole processing, and discloses a boring, scraping and rolling compound machine tool, which comprises a bed body, a headstock, a drill rod box, a cutter and a first moving driving mechanism. The headstock is provided with a hollow rotating main shaft, and the first end of the rotating main shaft is provided with a clamping structure; the drill rod box is provided with a boring bar; and the cutter is connected to the end of the boring bar. The first rotating driving mechanism and the second rotating driving mechanism are arranged to independently drive the rotating main shaft and the boring bar to rotate, so that the machining capacity of the machine tool is improved, the machine tool has at least three switchable machining modes, different power combinations required for rough boring, scraping and rolling can be realized on one equipment, the rough boring, fine boring, scraping and rolling whole-process machining of the inner hole of the workpiece can be completed through one-time clamping on one equipment, the workpiece does not need to be transported and clamped again between the deep hole boring machine and the scraping and rolling machine, the positioning error caused by multiple clamping can be eliminated, the process route is greatly shortened, and the production efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of deep hole machining technology, specifically to a boring, scraping, and rolling composite machine tool. Background Technology

[0002] In large coal mining machinery such as hydraulic supports, key load-bearing components, such as columns and jacks, all use large hydraulic cylinders as core actuators. The cylinder barrels of these large hydraulic cylinders are widely processed using high-strength hot-rolled tubes as raw materials. The cylinder barrels are characterized by deep holes, thick walls, and extremely high precision and strength requirements. The quality of their inner hole machining directly determines the supporting performance and service life of the hydraulic support, and is a key factor restricting the overall production efficiency and cost of the machine.

[0003] Currently, deep hole machining of hot-rolled tubes mainly adopts a step-by-step process, which involves first rough boring on a deep hole boring machine, and then transferring the workpiece to a scraping and rolling machine (also known as a roll scraper) for fine boring, scraping, and rolling. This machining method requires completing the process step-by-step on two different machines.

[0004] This processing method, involving two machines, two clamping operations, and two transfers, has several drawbacks. First, it requires significant equipment investment, necessitating the simultaneous use of both large-scale equipment like deep-hole boring machines and scraping and burnishing machines. This results in high equipment costs and occupies considerable factory space. Second, the process flow is complex, with lengthy auxiliary times. The transfer, re-clamping, and alignment of workpieces between machines not only increases labor intensity but also easily introduces secondary positioning errors, affecting the consistency of the final machining accuracy. Third, the overall processing efficiency is low. The lengthy processing steps lead to a longer production cycle and higher energy and labor costs, directly increasing the overall manufacturing cost of the hydraulic support. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a boring, scraping, and rolling composite machine tool to solve the problem that the machining of large-diameter, large-allowance, and high-strength hot-rolled tube inner holes must be performed on two machines in the prior art.

[0006] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a boring, scraping, and rolling composite machine tool, comprising a bed, a headstock, a drill rod box, a cutting tool, and a first moving drive mechanism. The headstock is mounted on the bed and includes a first rotary drive mechanism and a rotatable rotary spindle. The rotary spindle is a hollow shaft structure extending along its own axial direction. A clamping structure for clamping a workpiece is provided at the first end of the rotary spindle. The first rotary drive mechanism drives the rotary spindle to rotate around its own axis. The drill rod box is mounted on the bed and includes a second rotary drive mechanism and a rotatable boring bar. The second rotary drive mechanism drives the boring bar to rotate around its own axis. The axis of the boring bar is parallel to the axis of the rotary spindle. The axes of the shafts coincide; the cutting tool is connected to the end of the boring bar; the first moving drive mechanism is disposed on the machine bed and is used to drive the boring bar to reciprocate along its own axis; the boring, scraping, and rolling composite machine tool is configured to have at least three processing modes, including: the first rotary drive mechanism drives the rotary spindle to rotate, and the first moving drive mechanism drives the boring bar to move axially; the first rotary drive mechanism drives the rotary spindle to rotate, while the second rotary drive mechanism drives the boring bar to rotate in the opposite direction, and the first moving drive mechanism drives the boring bar to move axially; the second rotary drive mechanism drives the boring bar to rotate, and the first moving drive mechanism drives the boring bar to move axially.

[0007] The boring, scraping, and rolling composite machine tool provided by this invention, before processing, clamps the workpiece on the clamping structure at the first end of the rotating spindle, aligning the workpiece's axis with the axis of the rotating spindle. During processing, different processing modes can be selected according to the workpiece's hole diameter and machining allowance. When the workpiece hole diameter is large (e.g., greater than or equal to 250 mm) and the machining allowance is large, the workpiece's own rotation can obtain a high linear velocity, so mode one can be used, where only the workpiece rotates to provide cutting power, and the boring bar does not rotate. When the workpiece hole diameter is medium (e.g., less than 250 mm) and the machining allowance is large, the linear velocity obtained by the workpiece's rotation alone is insufficient to meet the requirements of large-allowance cutting, so mode two can be used, where the workpiece and the boring bar rotate in opposite directions simultaneously, and the linear velocities of both are superimposed to supplement the required total cutting speed. When the machining allowance is small and only scraping and rolling are required, mode three can be used, where only the boring bar rotates to provide cutting power, and the workpiece does not rotate. By switching between the three modes mentioned above, different power combinations required for rough boring, scraping, and rolling are realized on one machine, thus enabling the rough boring, fine boring, scraping, and rolling of the inner hole of the workpiece to be completed on one machine and in one clamping, achieving one-time forming.

[0008] The boring, scraping, and rolling composite machine tool provided by this invention independently drives the rotary spindle and boring bar through a first rotary drive mechanism and a second rotary drive mechanism, respectively. This allows the machine tool to have three switchable machining modes. Depending on the workpiece's hole diameter and machining allowance, the machine tool can flexibly select workpiece rotation, boring bar rotation, or both rotating in opposite directions simultaneously. This ensures sufficient cutting speed to meet the requirements of large-allowance rough boring while avoiding the shortcomings of a single power mode under different working conditions. It has a wide range of machining applications and can eliminate the need for rough boring equipment. At the same time, the rotary spindle has a through-hole hollow shaft structure, allowing chips to be discharged from the inner hole of the rotary spindle during machining. This smooth chip removal helps to ensure machining quality and tool life.

[0009] In one optional embodiment, the boring, scraping, and rolling composite machine tool further includes an oil feeder and a second moving drive mechanism. The oil feeder is slidably mounted on the machine bed and disposed between the headstock and the drill rod box. It includes a housing and a bushing disposed inside the housing. A coolant inlet is provided on the side wall of the housing, and a sealing sleeve is provided at one end of the housing near the drill rod box. The outer periphery of the sealing sleeve is sealed to the inner cavity of the housing, and the inner wall of the sealing sleeve is sealed to the outer periphery of the boring bar. The boring bar can slide axially relative to the sealing sleeve. The bushing is rotatably connected to the housing, and a positioning top plate is provided at one end of the bushing near the headstock. The second moving drive mechanism is used to drive the oil feeder to slide along the machine bed, so that the positioning top plate presses against the end face of the workpiece to form a sealing fit or disengage from the workpiece.

[0010] Before machining, the second moving drive mechanism drives the oil feeder to slide along the bed towards the headstock until the positioning top plate at the front end of the bushing presses against the end face of the workpiece, forming a sealed fit. During machining, external cooling lubricant enters the housing through the coolant inlet on the side wall of the housing, flows through the gap between the inner cavity of the bushing and the boring bar, and is then delivered to the machining area to cool and lubricate the tool, and discharge the generated chips through the inner hole of the rotating spindle. After machining is completed, the second moving drive mechanism drives the oil feeder to slide in the opposite direction, causing the positioning top plate to disengage from the end face of the workpiece, thus allowing the workpiece to be unloaded.

[0011] By setting up an oil feeder, reliable supply and sealing of cooling lubricant can be achieved during the machining process, ensuring that high-pressure coolant can be continuously delivered to the cutting area, effectively reducing cutting temperature and tool wear, and using the pressure of the coolant to flush away chips in time; the positioning top plate presses against the workpiece end face under the action of the second moving drive mechanism to form a sealing fit, so that the coolant will not leak from the workpiece end face, ensuring cooling and chip removal effects.

[0012] In one optional embodiment, the inner circumferential side of the positioning top plate is provided with a tapered surface, the large-diameter end of the tapered surface is disposed toward the headstock, and the tapered surface is used to press against the end face of the workpiece.

[0013] When the end of the workpiece enters the conical surface, the conical surface can automatically center and guide the workpiece, ensuring that the axis of the workpiece is consistent with the axis of the bushing and the boring bar, thus improving machining accuracy. At the same time, when the second moving drive mechanism pushes the oil feeder to move towards the workpiece, the conical surface contacts the edge or chamfer of the workpiece end and gradually weds it, which can form a more reliable end face seal, effectively preventing high-pressure coolant from leaking from the end face and ensuring cooling and chip removal effects.

[0014] In one alternative embodiment, the boring, scraping, and rolling composite machine tool further includes a cooling and lubrication system having a coolant outlet connected to the coolant inlet.

[0015] Before machining begins, the cooling and lubrication system is activated. High-pressure coolant flows out through the coolant outlet and enters the coolant inlet on the side wall of the housing through pipelines. After entering the housing, the coolant flows through the clearance channel between the bushing inner cavity and the boring bar, continuously supplying it to the cutting area between the tool and the workpiece inner bore wall. After cooling and lubricating the tool and workpiece in the cutting area, the coolant carries the chips generated during cutting and flows backward through the workpiece inner bore, entering the internal through-hole of the rotary spindle, and finally exiting the rotary spindle. During machining, the coolant is continuously circulated and supplied.

[0016] By setting up a cooling and lubrication system, a continuous supply and circulation of high-pressure coolant can be achieved during the machining process, effectively reducing the temperature of the cutting area, preventing tool overheating and wear, and extending tool life. The lubricating effect of the coolant can reduce friction between the tool and the workpiece, reduce cutting force and cutting heat, and help improve the surface quality of the inner hole of the workpiece. The pressure and flow of the coolant also play a role in forced chip removal, which can promptly flush away chips from the cutting area, avoid chip accumulation and scratching of the machined surface, and ensure machining quality and process stability.

[0017] In one alternative embodiment, the boring, scraping, and rolling composite machine tool further includes a chip removal tube, one end of which is connected to the second end of the rotating spindle.

[0018] The chip ejector tube is used to discharge the chips and coolant generated during the machining process from the second end of the rotary spindle. Since the rotary spindle is a through-hole hollow shaft structure, its internal through hole is connected to the inner hole of the workpiece to form a chip removal channel. The coolant carrying chips can flow into the internal through hole of the rotary spindle through the inner hole of the workpiece, and then be discharged through the chip ejector tube.

[0019] In one alternative embodiment, the boring, scraping, and rolling composite machine tool further includes a chip removal system, with the other end of the chip removal pipe connected to the chip removal system, which is used to receive and collect the chips and coolant discharged from the chip removal pipe.

[0020] In one optional embodiment, the chip removal pipe is connected to the chip removal system in the following manner: the outlet end of the chip removal pipe is located above the chip removal system, and the chips and coolant discharged from the chip removal pipe fall into the chip removal system under the action of gravity; or, the outlet end of the chip removal pipe is sealed to the inlet of the chip removal system through a pipeline.

[0021] During the machining process, the cooling and lubricating fluid carries the chips generated by cutting and flows backward from the machining area. It enters the internal through hole of the rotating spindle through the inner hole of the workpiece, then flows into the chip removal pipe, and is discharged to the chip removal system. The chip removal system receives and collects the discharged chips and coolant.

[0022] The chip removal system can collect chips and coolant in a centralized manner, which can prevent chip splashing and coolant from flowing around, thus helping to maintain a clean working environment and facilitating subsequent chip processing and coolant recycling.

[0023] In one optional embodiment, the machine bed is provided with a helical rack, the extension direction of which is parallel to the axial direction of the boring bar; the second moving drive mechanism includes a variable frequency drive motor and a gear transmission mechanism, the variable frequency drive motor is mounted on the housing, and the gear transmission mechanism has a final stage gear that meshes with the helical rack. The gear transmission mechanism is used to transmit the power of the variable frequency drive motor to the helical rack to drive the oil feeder as a whole to reciprocate along the machine bed, so that the positioning top plate presses against or disengages from the end face of the workpiece.

[0024] When the workpiece needs to be clamped, the variable frequency drive motor starts, and its power is transmitted to the final gear through the gear transmission mechanism. The final gear meshes with the helical rack fixed to the machine bed. Since the helical rack is stationary, the final gear rotates while moving along the helical rack, thereby driving the entire oil feeder to move along the machine bed towards the workpiece until the positioning top plate presses against the end face of the workpiece and forms a sealing fit. When the workpiece needs to be released, the variable frequency drive motor rotates in the opposite direction, and the final gear moves in the opposite direction along the helical rack, driving the oil feeder to move away from the workpiece, causing the positioning top plate to disengage from the end face of the workpiece. The speed of the variable frequency drive motor is adjustable, thereby controlling the moving speed of the oil feeder and the magnitude of the clamping force.

[0025] Compared to the traditional hydraulic cylinder clamping method, the aforementioned second moving mechanism has a more compact structure; the variable frequency drive motor can adjust the speed and torque as needed, thereby flexibly controlling the moving speed and clamping force of the oil feeder, avoiding damage to the workpiece end face due to excessive clamping force or poor sealing due to insufficient clamping force; the gear and rack transmission mechanism provides smooth transmission and accurate positioning, ensuring the positional accuracy of the oil feeder when sliding on the machine bed, and ensuring a reliable sealing fit between the positioning top plate and the workpiece end face.

[0026] In one optional embodiment, the clamping structure includes a slot disposed in the inner wall of the rotating spindle, the slot extending axially along the rotating spindle, the slot for inserting one end of a workpiece, and a clamping step forming between the inner wall of the slot and the inner wall of the rotating spindle, the clamping step for clamping the end face of the workpiece.

[0027] When clamping the workpiece, insert one end of the workpiece into the inner cavity of the rotating spindle from the first end, and push it axially into the slot until the end face of the workpiece abuts against the clamping step formed between the inner wall of the slot and the inner wall of the spindle cavity. At this point, the insertion depth of the workpiece is limited by the clamping step, and the workpiece is axially positioned. With the cooperation of the positioning top plate at the oil feeder end, the workpiece is clamped between the rotating spindle and the oil feeder, achieving axial fixation.

[0028] The clamping step directly bears the axial thrust of the workpiece during the machining process, which can prevent the workpiece from moving into the spindle under the action of cutting force and ensure the stability of the axial position of the workpiece during the machining process; the inner wall of the slot also plays a certain guiding and constraining role on the outer circumference of the workpiece, which helps to ensure the coaxiality of the workpiece and the rotating spindle and reduce machining errors caused by clamping eccentricity.

[0029] In one optional embodiment, the first rotary drive mechanism includes a first continuously variable transmission (CVT) motor and a gear transmission mechanism. The gear transmission mechanism has a power input end and a power output end. The drive shaft of the first CVT motor is connected to the power output end of the gear transmission mechanism. The first CVT motor drives the rotary spindle to rotate through the gear transmission mechanism.

[0030] When the rotating spindle needs to be driven, the first continuously variable transmission (CVT) motor starts, and its drive shaft inputs power to the power input end of the gear transmission mechanism. After being transmitted through the meshing of gears inside the gear transmission mechanism, the power is output from the power output end to the rotating spindle, driving the rotating spindle to rotate around its own axis. By adjusting the output speed of the first CVT motor, the rotating spindle can be steplessly speed-regulated within a wide range. At the same time, by switching different gear meshing pairs inside the gear transmission mechanism, the rotating spindle can be switched between different mechanical speed gears, further expanding the speed adjustment range.

[0031] The first continuously variable transmission (CVT) motor, in conjunction with a gear transmission mechanism, drives the rotary spindle, enabling a wide range of spindle speed adjustment and flexible adjustment methods. The CVT motor allows for continuous and smooth speed adjustment, precisely matching the optimal cutting speed based on the workpiece's hole diameter and material properties. The gear transmission mechanism provides multiple mechanical gears, ensuring the motor operates within its optimal torque output range across different speed zones. This guarantees sufficient cutting force under low-speed, high-torque conditions and sufficient linear velocity under high-speed finishing conditions, thus meeting the different speed and torque requirements of three machining modes.

[0032] In one optional embodiment, a first bearing, a second bearing, and a third bearing are sequentially arranged axially between the rotary spindle and the headstock; the first bearing and the third bearing are both tapered bore bearings used to bear axial loads; the second bearing is a radial bearing used to bear radial loads.

[0033] The first and third bearings use tapered bore bearings to bear axial loads, while the second bearing uses a radial bearing to bear radial loads. This forms a three-point support structure at both ends and the middle of the rotary spindle. This effectively enhances the support rigidity of the rotary spindle, reduces bending deformation under heavy cutting conditions, and ensures the stability and accuracy of the spindle's rotation. Simultaneously, the tapered bore bearings can eliminate clearance and achieve preload by radially expanding the inner ring through axial locking. This not only improves the bearing's load-bearing rigidity and rotational accuracy but also effectively withstands the bidirectional axial thrust generated during machining, preventing the rotary spindle from shifting under axial force. The second bearing primarily bears the radial cutting force from the workpiece and tool, sharing the radial load, thus ensuring the stability of the rotary spindle during large-mass rough boring. This contributes to improved machining accuracy and surface quality, and extends the service life of the rotary spindle and bearings.

[0034] The beneficial effects of this invention are: (1) By setting the first rotary drive mechanism and the second rotary drive mechanism to drive the rotary spindle and the boring bar to rotate independently, the machine tool has at least three switchable processing modes. The workpiece rotation, boring bar rotation or both rotating in opposite directions can be flexibly selected according to the workpiece hole diameter and processing allowance. This ensures sufficient cutting speed to meet the requirements of large-allowance rough boring, and avoids the shortcomings of a single power mode under different working conditions. The processing range is wide. Different power combinations required for rough boring, scraping and rolling are realized on one machine. Thus, the rough boring, fine boring, scraping and rolling of the inner hole of the workpiece can be completed in one clamping on one machine. There is no need to transfer and re-clamp the workpiece between the deep hole boring machine and the scraping and rolling machine, thereby eliminating the positioning error caused by multiple clamping, greatly shortening the process route, improving production efficiency and reducing manufacturing costs.

[0035] (2) By setting the rotating spindle as a hollow structure, with one end connected to the chip removal pipe and the other end connected to the positioning top plate, not only can chip removal be unobstructed, but also the coaxiality of the positioning top plate and the spindle can be guaranteed, which is conducive to improving the machining accuracy of the workpiece.

[0036] (3) By setting up an oil feeder, reliable supply and sealing of cooling lubricant can be achieved during the machining process, ensuring that high-pressure coolant can be continuously delivered to the cutting area, effectively reducing cutting temperature and tool wear, and using the pressure of coolant to flush away chips in time; at the same time, the positioning top plate can press against the workpiece end face under the action of the second moving drive mechanism to form a sealing fit, so that coolant will not leak from the workpiece end face, ensuring cooling and chip removal effects.

[0037] (4) The first continuously variable speed motor and gear transmission mechanism are used to drive the rotating spindle to rotate, so that the rotating spindle can obtain a wide range of speed adjustment. The best cutting parameters can be flexibly matched according to different hole diameters and allowances, further ensuring the reliable operation of the three processing modes.

[0038] (5) Bearings are installed at both ends and in the middle of the spindle and the housing to form a multi-point support structure, which can effectively enhance the support rigidity of the spindle and ensure machining accuracy and stability. Attached Figure Description

[0039] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0040] Figure 1 This is a front view of a boring, scraping, and rolling composite machine tool according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 The image shows a top view of a boring, scraping, and rolling composite machine tool; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the rotary spindle; Figure 4 This is a sectional view of the main axis of rotation; Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the oil dispenser; Figure 6 This is a partial sectional view of the oil dispenser; Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the cutting tool.

[0041] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Bed; 2. Headstock; 3. First rotary drive mechanism; 301. First continuously variable transmission motor; 302. Gear transmission mechanism; 301. Driven wheel; 4. Rotary spindle; 401. Slot; 402. Clamping step; 5. Drill rod box; 6. Second rotary drive mechanism; 7. Boring bar; 8. Cutting tool; 801. Boring tool holder; 802. Roller mounting base; 803. Rough boring tool; 804. Scraper roller; 805. Roller; 806. Receiving groove; 807. Adjustment mechanism; 808. Locking element; 9. First moving drive. Mechanism; 10. Oil feeder; 1001. Housing; 1002. Bushing; 1003. Coolant inlet; 1004. Positioning top plate; 1005. Conical surface; 1006. Sealing sleeve; 11. Second moving drive mechanism; 1101. Variable frequency drive motor; 1102. Gear transmission mechanism; 12. Cooling and lubrication system; 13. Chip removal pipe; 14. Chip removal system; 15. First bearing; 16. Second bearing; 17. Third bearing; 18. Boring bar support seat; 19. Workpiece support seat; 20. Electrical control operating system. Detailed Implementation

[0042] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] The following is combined Figures 1 to 7 The following describes embodiments of the present invention.

[0044] Embodiments of the present invention provide a boring, scraping, and rolling composite machine tool, combined with... Figures 1 to 5As shown, it includes a bed 1, a headstock 2, a first rotary drive mechanism 3, a rotary spindle 4, a drill rod box 5, a second rotary drive mechanism 6, a boring bar 7, a cutting tool 8, and a first moving drive mechanism 9. The headstock 2 is mounted on the bed 1. The first rotary drive mechanism 3 is mounted on the headstock 2, and its power output end is connected to the rotary spindle 4 to drive the rotary spindle 4 to rotate around its own axis. The rotary spindle 4 is a hollow shaft structure that runs through its own axis, and the first end of the rotary spindle 4 is provided with a clamping structure for clamping the workpiece. The drill rod box 5 is mounted on the bed 1. The second rotary drive mechanism 6 is mounted on the drill rod box 5, and its power output end is connected to the boring bar 7 to drive the boring bar 7 to rotate around its own axis. The axis coincides with the axis of the rotary spindle 4; the tool 8 is connected to the end of the boring bar 7; the first moving drive mechanism 9 is mounted on the bed 1 and is used to drive the boring bar 7 to reciprocate along its own axis; the boring, scraping, and rolling composite machine tool of this embodiment is configured to have at least three processing modes, including: the first rotary drive mechanism 3 drives the rotary spindle 4 to rotate, and the first moving drive mechanism 9 drives the boring bar 7 to move axially; the first rotary drive mechanism 3 drives the rotary spindle 4 to rotate, while the second rotary drive mechanism 6 drives the boring bar 7 to rotate in the opposite direction, and the first moving drive mechanism 9 drives the boring bar 7 to move axially; the second rotary drive mechanism 6 drives the boring bar 7 to rotate, and the first moving drive mechanism 9 drives the boring bar 7 to move axially.

[0045] The boring, scraping, and rolling composite machine tool provided in this embodiment, before processing, clamps the workpiece on the clamping structure at the first end of the rotating spindle 4, so that the axis of the workpiece coincides with the axis of the rotating spindle 4. During processing, different processing modes can be selected according to the hole diameter and machining allowance of the workpiece. When the workpiece hole diameter is large (e.g., greater than or equal to 250 mm) and the machining allowance is large, the workpiece itself can generate a high linear speed, so mode one can be used, that is, only the workpiece rotates to provide cutting power, and the boring bar 7 does not rotate; when the workpiece hole diameter is medium (e.g., less than 250 mm) and the machining allowance is large, the linear speed obtained by the rotation of the workpiece alone is insufficient to meet the requirements of large-allowance cutting, so mode two can be used, that is, the workpiece and the boring bar 7 rotate in opposite directions at the same time, and the linear speed of the two is superimposed to make up for the total speed required for cutting; when the machining allowance is small and only scraping and rolling are required, mode three can be used, that is, only the boring bar 7 rotates to provide cutting power, and the workpiece does not rotate. By switching between the three modes mentioned above, different power combinations required for rough boring, scraping, and rolling are realized on one machine, thus enabling the rough boring, fine boring, scraping, and rolling of the inner hole of the workpiece to be completed on one machine and in one clamping, achieving one-time forming.

[0046] The boring, scraping, and rolling composite machine tool provided in this embodiment independently drives the rotary spindle 4 and the boring bar 7 to rotate by setting the first rotary drive mechanism 3 and the second rotary drive mechanism 6, respectively. This gives the machine tool three switchable processing modes. Depending on the workpiece's hole diameter and machining allowance, the machine tool can flexibly select workpiece rotation, boring bar 7 rotation, or both rotating in opposite directions simultaneously. This ensures sufficient cutting speed to meet the requirements of large-allowance rough boring, while avoiding the shortcomings of a single power mode under different working conditions. It has a wide range of processing applications and can eliminate the need for rough boring equipment. At the same time, the rotary spindle 4 is a through-type hollow shaft structure, and the chips can be discharged from the inner hole of the rotary spindle 4 during machining. This smooth chip removal helps to ensure machining quality and tool life.

[0047] In one embodiment, combined Figures 1 to 6 As shown, the boring, scraping, and rolling composite machine tool also includes an oil feeder 10 and a second moving drive mechanism 11. The oil feeder 10 is slidably mounted on the bed 1 and is located between the headstock 2 and the drill rod box 5. The oil feeder 10 includes a housing 1001 and a bushing 1002 located inside the housing 1001. A coolant inlet 1003 is provided on the side wall of the housing 1001, and a sealing sleeve 1006 is provided at one end of the housing 1001 near the drill rod box 5. The outer periphery of the sealing sleeve 1006 is sealed to the inner periphery of the housing 1001. The cavity is sealed, and the inner wall of the sealing sleeve 1006 is sealed to the outer circumferential surface of the boring bar 7, and the boring bar 7 can slide axially relative to the sealing sleeve 1006; the bushing 1002 is rotatably connected to the housing 1001 so as to rotate with the workpiece, and the end of the bushing 1002 near the headstock 2 is provided with a positioning top plate 1004 for pressing the workpiece; the second moving drive mechanism 11 is used to drive the oil feeder 10 to slide along the bed 1, so that the positioning top plate 1004 presses against the end face of the workpiece to form a sealed fit or disengage from the workpiece.

[0048] Before machining, the second moving drive mechanism 11 drives the oil feeder 10 to slide along the bed 1 towards the headstock 2 until the positioning top plate 1004 at the front end of the bushing 1002 presses against the end face of the workpiece, forming a sealed fit. During machining, external cooling lubricant enters the interior of the housing 1001 through the coolant inlet 1003 on the side wall of the housing 1001, flows through the gap between the inner cavity of the bushing 1002 and the boring bar 7, and is then delivered to the machining area to cool and lubricate the tool 8, and discharge the generated chips through the inner hole of the rotating spindle 4. After machining is completed, the second moving drive mechanism 11 drives the oil feeder 10 to slide in the opposite direction, causing the positioning top plate 1004 to disengage from the end face of the workpiece, thus allowing the workpiece to be unloaded.

[0049] By setting the oil supply device 10, reliable supply and sealing of cooling lubricant can be achieved during the machining process, ensuring that high-pressure coolant can be continuously delivered to the cutting area, effectively reducing cutting temperature and tool wear, and using the pressure of coolant to flush away chips in time; the positioning top plate 1004 presses against the workpiece end face under the action of the second moving drive mechanism 11 to form a sealing fit, so that coolant will not leak from the workpiece end face, ensuring cooling and chip removal effects.

[0050] In one embodiment, the bed 1 is provided with a guide rail 101, and the oil feeder 10 is slidably connected to the guide rail 101.

[0051] In one embodiment, the inner circumferential side of the positioning top plate 1004 is provided with a tapered surface 1005, the large diameter end of the tapered surface 1005 is set towards the headstock 2, and the tapered surface 1005 is used to press against the end face of the workpiece.

[0052] When the end of the workpiece enters the tapered surface 1005, the tapered surface 1005 can automatically center and guide the workpiece, ensuring that the axis of the workpiece is consistent with the axis of the bushing 1002 and the boring bar 7, thus improving the machining accuracy. At the same time, when the second moving drive mechanism 11 pushes the oil supply device 10 to move towards the workpiece, the tapered surface 1005 contacts the edge or chamfer of the workpiece end and gradually weds it, which can form a more reliable end face seal, effectively preventing high-pressure coolant from leaking from the end face and ensuring cooling and chip removal effects.

[0053] In one embodiment, the boring, scraping, and rolling composite machine tool further includes a cooling and lubrication system 12, which has a coolant outlet (not shown in the figure) and is connected to a coolant inlet 1003.

[0054] Before machining begins, the cooling and lubrication system 12 is activated. High-pressure coolant flows out through the coolant outlet and enters the coolant inlet 1003 on the side wall of the housing 1001 through a pipeline. After entering the housing 1001, the coolant flows through the gap channel between the inner cavity of the bushing 1002 and the boring bar 7, continuously supplying it to the cutting area between the tool 8 and the inner wall of the workpiece. After cooling and lubricating the tool 8 and the workpiece in the cutting area, the coolant carries the chips generated during cutting and flows backward through the inner hole of the workpiece, entering the internal through hole of the rotary spindle 4, and finally exiting the rotary spindle 4. During machining, the coolant is continuously circulated and supplied.

[0055] By setting up a cooling and lubrication system 12, a continuous supply and circulation of high-pressure coolant can be achieved during the machining process, effectively reducing the temperature of the cutting area, preventing the tool 8 from overheating and wearing, and extending the tool 8's life. The lubricating effect of the coolant can reduce the friction between the tool 8 and the workpiece, reduce cutting force and cutting heat, and help improve the surface quality of the workpiece's inner hole. The pressure and flow of the coolant also play a role in forced chip removal, which can promptly flush away the chips from the cutting area, avoid chip accumulation and scratching the machined surface, and ensure machining quality and process stability.

[0056] In one embodiment, the boring, scraping, and rolling composite machine tool further includes a chip removal pipe 13, one end of which is connected to the second end of the rotating spindle 4.

[0057] The chip removal pipe 13 is used to discharge the chips and coolant generated during the machining process from the second end of the rotary spindle 4. Since the rotary spindle 4 is a through-type hollow shaft structure, its internal through hole is connected to the inner hole of the workpiece to form a chip removal channel. The coolant carrying chips can flow into the internal through hole of the rotary spindle 4 through the inner hole of the workpiece, and then be discharged through the chip removal pipe 13.

[0058] In one embodiment, the boring, scraping, and rolling composite machine tool further includes a chip removal system 14, with the other end of the chip removal pipe 13 connected to the chip removal system 14. The chip removal system 14 is used to receive and collect the chips and coolant discharged from the chip removal pipe 13.

[0059] In one embodiment, the chip removal pipe 13 is connected to the chip removal system 14 in the following manner: the outlet end of the chip removal pipe 13 is located above the chip removal system 14, and the chips and coolant discharged from the chip removal pipe 13 fall into the chip removal system 14 under the action of gravity; or, the outlet end of the chip removal pipe 13 is connected to the inlet of the chip removal system 14 by a sealed pipeline.

[0060] During the machining process, the cooling lubricant carries the chips generated by cutting and flows backward from the machining area. It enters the internal through hole of the rotating spindle 4 through the inner hole of the workpiece, and then flows into the chip removal pipe 13. The chip removal pipe 13 discharges the chips to the chip removal system 14, which receives and collects the discharged chips and coolant.

[0061] The chip removal system 14 can collect chips and coolant in a centralized manner, which can prevent chips from splashing and coolant from flowing everywhere, which helps to maintain a clean working environment and facilitates the subsequent processing of chips and the recycling of coolant.

[0062] In one embodiment, the bed 1 is provided with a helical rack, the extension direction of which is parallel to the axial direction of the boring bar 7; the second moving drive mechanism 11 includes a variable frequency drive motor 1101 and a gear transmission mechanism 1102. The variable frequency drive motor 1101 is mounted on the housing 1001, and the gear transmission mechanism 1102 has a final stage gear that meshes with the helical rack. The gear transmission mechanism 1102 is used to transmit the power of the variable frequency drive motor 1101 to the helical rack to drive the oil feeder 10 to reciprocate along the bed 1, so that the positioning top plate 1004 presses against or disengages from the end face of the workpiece.

[0063] When the workpiece needs to be clamped, the variable frequency drive motor 1101 starts, and its power is transmitted to the final gear through the gear transmission mechanism 1102. The final gear meshes with the helical rack fixed on the bed 1. Since the helical rack is stationary, the final gear moves along the helical rack while rotating, thereby driving the entire oil feeder 10 to move along the bed 1 towards the workpiece until the positioning top plate 1004 presses against the end face of the workpiece and forms a sealing fit. When the workpiece needs to be released, the variable frequency drive motor 1101 rotates in the opposite direction, and the final gear moves in the opposite direction along the helical rack, driving the oil feeder 10 to move away from the workpiece, so that the positioning top plate 1004 disengages from the end face of the workpiece. The speed of the variable frequency drive motor 1101 is adjustable, thereby controlling the moving speed and clamping force of the oil feeder 10.

[0064] Compared to the traditional hydraulic cylinder clamping method, the aforementioned second moving mechanism has a more compact structure; the variable frequency drive motor 1101 can adjust the speed and torque as needed, thereby flexibly controlling the moving speed and clamping force of the oil feeder 10, avoiding excessive clamping force that damages the workpiece end face or insufficient clamping force that leads to poor sealing; the gear and rack transmission mechanism provides smooth transmission and accurate positioning, ensuring the positional accuracy of the oil feeder 10 when sliding on the bed 1, and ensuring a reliable sealing fit between the positioning top plate 1004 and the workpiece end face.

[0065] In one embodiment, the power of the variable frequency drive motor 1101 is from 15KW to 55KW, for example, 15KW, 35KW, 55KW or any value within the above range.

[0066] In one embodiment, the clamping structure includes a slot 401 disposed on the inner wall of the rotating spindle 4. The slot 401 extends axially along the rotating spindle 4 and is used for inserting one end of a workpiece. A clamping step 402 is formed between the inner wall of the slot 401 and the inner wall of the rotating spindle 4. The clamping step 402 is used to clamp the end face of the workpiece.

[0067] When clamping the workpiece, one end of the workpiece is inserted into the inner cavity of the rotating spindle 4 from the first end and pushed axially into the slot 401 until the end face of the workpiece abuts against the clamping step 402 formed between the inner wall of the slot 401 and the inner wall of the spindle cavity. At this time, the insertion depth of the workpiece is limited by the clamping step 402, and the workpiece is axially positioned. With the clamping action of the positioning top plate 1004 at the end of the oil feeder 10 from the other end, the workpiece is clamped between the rotating spindle 4 and the oil feeder 10, achieving axial fixation.

[0068] The clamping step 402 directly bears the axial thrust of the workpiece during the machining process, which can prevent the workpiece from moving into the spindle under the action of cutting force and ensure the stability of the axial position of the workpiece during the machining process; the inner wall of the slot 401 also plays a certain guiding and constraining role on the outer circumferential surface of the workpiece, which helps to ensure the coaxiality of the workpiece and the rotating spindle 4 and reduce machining errors caused by clamping eccentricity.

[0069] In one embodiment, the first rotary drive mechanism 3 includes a first continuously variable transmission (CVT) motor and a gear transmission mechanism 302. The gear transmission mechanism 302 has a power input end and a power output end. The drive shaft of the first CVT motor is connected to the power output end of the gear transmission mechanism 302. The first CVT motor drives the rotary spindle 4 to rotate through the gear transmission mechanism 302.

[0070] When the rotating spindle 4 needs to be driven to rotate, the first continuously variable transmission (CVT) motor starts, and its drive shaft inputs power to the power input end of the gear transmission mechanism 302. After being transmitted through the meshing of gears inside the gear transmission mechanism 302, the power is output from the power output end to the rotating spindle 4, driving the rotating spindle 4 to rotate around its own axis. By adjusting the output speed of the first CVT motor, the rotating spindle 4 can be steplessly speed-regulated within a wide range. At the same time, by switching different gear meshing pairs inside the gear transmission mechanism 302, the rotating spindle 4 can switch between different mechanical speed gears, further expanding the speed adjustment range.

[0071] The first continuously variable transmission (CVT) motor, in conjunction with the gear transmission mechanism 302, drives the rotary spindle 4, enabling a wide range of speed adjustment and flexible adjustment methods for the rotary spindle 4. The first CVT motor can achieve continuous and smooth speed adjustment, precisely matching the optimal cutting speed according to the workpiece's hole diameter and material properties. The gear transmission mechanism 302 provides switching between multiple mechanical gears, allowing the motor to operate in an optimal torque output range across different speed ranges. This ensures sufficient cutting force under low-speed, high-torque conditions and sufficient linear speed under high-speed finishing conditions, thereby meeting the different speed and torque requirements of the three machining modes.

[0072] In one embodiment, the gear transmission mechanism 302 is configured to have a high-speed gear and a low-speed gear, with different transmission ratios between the high-speed gear and the low-speed gear. By switching the gear of the gear transmission mechanism 302, the rotating spindle 4 can switch between the high-speed mechanical speed range and the low-speed mechanical speed range. In each gear, the first continuously variable transmission motor can perform stepless speed regulation to further expand the speed adjustment range of the rotating spindle 4.

[0073] It should be noted that the gear transmission mechanism 302 is existing technology, therefore its specific structure and working principle will not be further explained.

[0074] In one embodiment, the first continuously variable transmission (CVT) motor and the gear transmission mechanism 302 are connected by a synchronous belt mechanism. The synchronous belt mechanism includes a driving pulley, a driven pulley 301, and a synchronous belt. The driving pulley is disposed on the drive shaft of the first CVT motor, the driven pulley 301 is disposed on the power input end of the gear transmission mechanism 302, and the synchronous belt is wound between the driving pulley and the driven pulley 301.

[0075] In one embodiment, the power of the first continuously variable motor is 75KW to 110KW, for example 75KW, 90KW, 110KW or any value within the above range.

[0076] In one embodiment, the second rotary drive mechanism 6 includes a second continuously variable speed motor, which is mounted on the drill rod box 5 and its power output end is connected to the boring bar 7. It is used to drive the boring bar 7 to rotate around its own axis. By adjusting the output speed of the first continuously variable speed motor, the speed of the boring bar 7 can be continuously and steplessly adjusted to meet the requirements of different processing modes and different workpiece materials for the speed of the boring bar 7.

[0077] In one embodiment, the second rotary drive mechanism 6 further includes a speed-changing mechanism connected between the second continuously variable motor and the boring bar 7. This mechanism transmits power from the second continuously variable motor to the boring bar 7, achieving speed change. The speed-changing mechanism can be a gear transmission mechanism or a planetary transmission mechanism. By setting the speed-changing mechanism, the speed and torque adjustment range of the boring bar 7 can be further expanded based on the stepless speed regulation of the second continuously variable motor, improving the machine tool's adaptability to different working conditions.

[0078] Optionally, the first rotary drive mechanism 3 and the second rotary drive mechanism 6 can be any one of a servo motor, a frequency converter, a stepper motor, a rotary cylinder, a hydraulic motor, or a pneumatic motor. Alternatively, a deceleration mechanism, a speed-increasing mechanism, or a brake can be added to the above-mentioned drive components to further adjust the output speed and torque or to achieve rapid braking and position holding. Those skilled in the art will understand that the above examples are merely illustrative and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. Other drive components and combinations thereof with the same or similar functions can also be applied to the present invention.

[0079] In one embodiment, such as Figure 7 As shown, the cutting tool includes a boring bar holder 801 and a roller mounting base 802 connected to each other. Along the feed direction of the cutting tool 8, the boring bar holder 801 is located in front, and the roller mounting base 802 is located behind the boring bar holder 801. The boring bar holder 801 is equipped with a roughing tool 803 and a scraper cutter 804. Along the feed direction of the cutting tool 8, the roughing tool 803 is located at the front end of the boring bar holder 801 and in front of the scraper cutter 804. The roughing tool 803 cuts... The cutting rotation diameter is greater than that of the scraper roller 804. The rough boring tool 803 is used to rough bore the inner hole of the workpiece, and the scraper roller 804 is used to scrape the inner hole of the workpiece after rough boring. The outer circumference of the roller mounting base 802 is provided with multiple circumferentially distributed and rotatable rollers 805. The working outer diameter of the rollers 805 is greater than that of the scraper roller 804. The rollers 805 are used to roll the inner hole wall of the scraped workpiece.

[0080] In one embodiment, the boring bar holder 801 is provided with a receiving groove 806, and the scraper blade 804 is movably disposed in the receiving groove 806 along the radial direction of the boring bar holder 801. The boring bar holder 801 is provided with an adjustment mechanism 807 and a locking member 808. The adjustment mechanism 807 is used to adjust the extension distance of the scraper blade 804 along the radial direction of the boring bar holder 801 to change the cutting rotation diameter of the scraper blade 804. The locking member 808 is used to lock the scraper blade 804 in the adjusted extension position.

[0081] Before machining, based on the final hole diameter and machining allowance of the workpiece, the scraper cutter 804 is driven to move radially along the boring bar holder 801 within the receiving groove 806 via the adjusting mechanism 807. This adjusts the amount of the scraper cutter 804 protruding from the outer surface of the boring bar holder 801, which determines the cutting rotation diameter of the scraper cutter 804. Once the scraper cutter 804 is adjusted to the target protrusion position, it is locked in place by the locking member 808 to prevent displacement of the scraper cutter 804 due to cutting force during machining. If the machining specifications need to be changed or when the scraper cutter 804 is not required to participate in cutting, the locking member 808 is released, and the scraper cutter 804 is retracted into the receiving groove 806 via the adjusting mechanism 807, so that its entire body is within the outer surface of the boring bar holder 801, and then locked by the locking member 808.

[0082] By setting a receiving groove 806 on the boring bar holder 801 and radially moving the scraper 804 within the receiving groove 806, the extension distance of the scraper 804 can be flexibly adjusted according to processing needs. The same tool 8 can adapt to the processing requirements of workpieces of different specifications, eliminating the need for frequent tool replacements and improving the versatility and processing efficiency of the machine tool. When the scraping process is not required, the scraper 804 can be completely retracted into the receiving groove 806, preventing it from participating in cutting. This avoids unnecessary contact between the scraper 804 and the inner wall of the workpiece, reducing tool wear and power consumption. It also enables the machine tool to adapt to processing scenarios that only require rough boring and rolling.

[0083] In one embodiment, the adjusting mechanism 807 includes an adjusting screw threadedly connected to the boring bar holder 801, one end of which is rotatably connected to the scraper blade 804. Rotating the adjusting screw drives the scraper blade 804 to move radially along the boring bar holder 801. The locking member 808 includes a locking screw that passes through the scraper blade 804 and is threadedly connected to the boring bar holder 801. Tightening the locking screw locks the scraper blade 804 in the adjusted extended position.

[0084] Optionally, the adjusting mechanism 807 includes an elastic element disposed between the bottom of the receiving groove 806 and the scraper blade 804; the locking element 808 includes a locking screw that passes through the scraper blade 804 and is threadedly connected to the boring bar holder 801, and the scraper blade 804 is locked in the adjusted extended position by tightening the locking screw.

[0085] In one embodiment, such as Figure 3 As shown, a first bearing 15, a second bearing 16, and a third bearing 17 are sequentially arranged axially between the rotating spindle 4 and the headstock 2; the first bearing 15 and the third bearing 17 are both tapered bore bearings used to bear axial loads; the second bearing 16 is a radial bearing used to bear radial loads.

[0086] The first bearing 15 and the third bearing 17 are tapered bore bearings to bear axial loads, while the second bearing 16 is a radial bearing to bear radial loads. This forms a three-point support structure at both ends and the middle of the rotating spindle 4, effectively enhancing the support rigidity of the rotating spindle 4, reducing bending deformation under heavy cutting conditions, and ensuring the stability and accuracy of the rotating spindle 4. Simultaneously, the tapered bore bearings can be axially locked to cause radial expansion of the inner ring, eliminating clearance and achieving preload. This not only improves the bearing's load-bearing rigidity and rotational accuracy but also effectively withstands the bidirectional axial thrust generated during machining, preventing the rotating spindle 4 from shifting under axial force. The second bearing 16 primarily bears the radial cutting force from the workpiece and tool 8, sharing the radial load, thereby ensuring the stability of the rotating spindle 4 during large-mass rough boring, which is beneficial for improving machining accuracy and surface quality, and extending the service life of the rotating spindle 4 and the bearings.

[0087] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, the bed 1 is provided with a boring bar support seat 18, and the boring bar support seat 18 is provided with a boring bar support hole. The boring bar 7 passes through the boring bar support hole, which is used to support and guide the boring bar 7.

[0088] The boring bar support seat 18 provides auxiliary support and guidance for the slender boring bar 7, which can effectively reduce the bending deformation and vibration of the boring bar 7 when the overhang length is large, and improve the stability of the machining process and the machining accuracy of the inner hole.

[0089] In one embodiment, at least two boring bar supports are provided and are arranged at axial intervals along the boring bar 7.

[0090] When at least two support seats are set and arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the boring bar 7, multi-point support for the boring bar 7 can be achieved, further shortening the overhang length of the boring bar 7 and enhancing the overall rigidity of the boring bar 7, which is beneficial to improving the machining accuracy and surface quality of the inner hole of the workpiece with a large length-to-diameter ratio.

[0091] In one embodiment, the bed 1 is provided with a workpiece support seat 19, which is located between the headstock 2 and the drill rod box 5, and is used to support the workpiece.

[0092] By setting a workpiece support seat 19 on the bed 1 to provide auxiliary support for the middle or end of the workpiece, the bending deformation caused by the sag of long and heavy workpieces due to gravity after clamping can be avoided, ensuring the coaxiality of the workpiece with the rotating spindle 4 and the boring bar 7, which is beneficial to improving machining accuracy.

[0093] In one embodiment, the workpiece support 19 includes a base and a support member disposed on the base. The top of the support member is provided with a V-shaped groove, and the workpiece is placed in the V-shaped groove.

[0094] The V-groove serves to position and straighten the workpiece, preventing it from wobbling during rotation.

[0095] In one embodiment, the support is a rolling support, and the top of the rolling support is provided with multiple rotatable rollers, which are distributed in a V-shape, and the workpiece is supported on each roller.

[0096] The rolling support makes rolling contact with the outer wall of the workpiece through rollers, which supports the workpiece while allowing it to rotate freely. This reduces the frictional resistance when the workpiece rotates and also avoids scratching the outer wall of the workpiece.

[0097] In one embodiment, the boring, scraping, and rolling composite machine tool further includes an electronic control operating system 20, which is electrically connected to the first rotary drive mechanism 3, the second rotary drive mechanism 6, and the first moving drive mechanism 9. The electronic control operating system 20 is used to control the rotation of the rotary spindle 4 and the boring bar 7, as well as the feed motion of the boring bar 7, so as to realize the switching of three processing modes and the automatic control of the processing process.

[0098] In one embodiment, the drill pipe box 5 is further provided with a boring bar locking mechanism, which is used to lock the boring bar 7 to the drill pipe box 5 when the second rotary drive mechanism 6 does not drive the boring bar 7 to rotate.

[0099] When the machine tool is in mode one, that is, when the first rotary drive mechanism 3 drives the rotary spindle 4 to rotate the workpiece and the second rotary drive mechanism 6 does not drive the boring bar 7 to rotate, the boring bar locking mechanism locks the boring bar 7 to the drill bar box 5 to prevent the boring bar 7 from rotating unexpectedly due to excessive cutting force during the machining process. This avoids affecting the machining accuracy and safety due to the unexpected rotation of the boring bar 7, and improves the operating reliability and machining stability of the machine tool under the condition of large allowance rough boring.

[0100] Although embodiments of the invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and such modifications and variations all fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A boring, scraping, and rolling composite machine tool, characterized in that, include: Bed frame (1); A headstock (2) is provided on the bed (1). The headstock (2) is provided with a first rotary drive mechanism (3) and a rotatable rotary spindle (4). The rotary spindle (4) is a hollow shaft structure that runs through its own axis. The first end of the rotary spindle (4) is provided with a clamping structure for clamping workpieces. The first rotary drive mechanism (3) is used to drive the rotary spindle (4) to rotate around its own axis. The drill rod box (5) is mounted on the bed (1) and is provided with a second rotary drive mechanism (6) and a rotatable boring bar (7). The second rotary drive mechanism (6) is used to drive the boring bar (7) to rotate around its own axis. The axis of the boring bar (7) coincides with the axis of the rotary spindle (4). The cutting tool (8) is connected to the end of the boring bar (7); The first moving drive mechanism (9) is disposed on the bed (1) and is used to drive the boring bar (7) to reciprocate along its own axis; The boring, scraping, and rolling composite machine tool is configured to have at least three processing modes, including: The first rotary drive mechanism (3) drives the rotary spindle (4) to rotate, and the first moving drive mechanism (9) drives the boring bar (7) to move axially; The first rotary drive mechanism (3) drives the rotary spindle (4) to rotate, while the second rotary drive mechanism (6) drives the boring bar (7) to rotate in the opposite direction, and the first moving drive mechanism (9) drives the boring bar (7) to move axially; The second rotary drive mechanism (6) drives the boring bar (7) to rotate, and the first moving drive mechanism (9) drives the boring bar (7) to move axially.

2. The boring, scraping, and rolling composite machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an oil feeder (10) and a second moving drive mechanism (11). The oil feeder (10) is slidably mounted on the bed (1) and disposed between the headstock (2) and the drill rod box (5). It includes a housing (1001) and a bushing (1002) disposed inside the housing (1001). The housing (1001) has a coolant inlet (1003) on its side wall, and a sealing sleeve (1006) is provided at one end of the housing (1001) near the drill rod box (5). The outer periphery of the sealing sleeve (1006) is sealed to the inner cavity of the housing (1001), the inner wall of the sealing sleeve (1006) is sealed to the outer periphery of the boring bar (7), and the boring bar (7) can slide axially relative to the sealing sleeve (1006). The bushing (1002) is rotatably connected to the housing (1001), and the bushing (1002) is provided with a positioning top plate (1004) for clamping the workpiece at one end near the headstock (2); The second moving drive mechanism (11) is used to drive the oil feeder (10) to slide along the bed (1), so that the positioning top plate (1004) presses against the end face of the workpiece to form a sealing fit or disengage from the workpiece.

3. The boring, scraping, and rolling composite machine tool according to claim 2, characterized in that, The positioning top plate (1004) has a tapered surface (1005) on its inner circumference. The large diameter end of the tapered surface (1005) is set towards the headstock (2). The tapered surface (1005) is used to press against the end face of the workpiece.

4. The boring, scraping, and rolling composite machine tool according to claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes a cooling and lubrication system (12) having a coolant outlet connected to the coolant inlet (1003).

5. The boring, scraping, and rolling composite machine tool according to claim 4, characterized in that, It also includes a chip removal tube (13), one end of which is connected to the second end of the rotating spindle (4).

6. The boring, scraping, and rolling composite machine tool according to claim 5, characterized in that, It also includes a chip removal system (14), the other end of which is connected to the chip removal pipe (13), the chip removal system (14) being used to receive and collect the chips and coolant discharged from the chip removal pipe (13).

7. The boring, scraping, and rolling composite machine tool according to claim 2, characterized in that, The bed (1) is provided with a helical rack, and the extension direction of the helical rack is parallel to the axis of the boring bar (7); The second moving drive mechanism (11) includes a variable frequency drive motor (1101) and a gear transmission mechanism (1102). The variable frequency drive motor (1101) is mounted on the housing (1001). The gear transmission mechanism (1102) has a final stage gear that meshes with the helical rack. The gear transmission mechanism (1102) is used to transmit the power of the variable frequency drive motor (1101) to the helical rack to drive the oil feeder (10) to reciprocate along the bed (1) so that the positioning top plate (1004) presses against or disengages from the end face of the workpiece.

8. The boring, scraping, and rolling composite machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The clamping structure includes a slot (401) disposed on the inner wall of the rotating spindle (4), the slot (401) extending along the axial direction of the rotating spindle (4), the slot (401) being used for inserting one end of the workpiece, and a clamping step (402) being formed between the inner wall of the slot (401) and the inner wall of the rotating spindle (4), the clamping step (402) being used to clamp the end face of the workpiece.

9. The boring, scraping, and rolling composite machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first rotary drive mechanism (3) includes a first continuously variable motor and a gear transmission mechanism (302). The gear transmission mechanism (302) has a power input end and a power output end. The drive shaft of the first continuously variable motor is connected to the power output end of the gear transmission mechanism (302). The first continuously variable motor drives the rotary spindle (4) to rotate through the gear transmission mechanism (302).

10. The boring, scraping, and rolling composite machine tool according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, The rotating spindle (4) and the headstock (2) are provided with a first bearing (15), a second bearing (16) and a third bearing (17) in sequence along the axial direction; the first bearing (15) and the third bearing (17) are both tapered bore bearings, used to bear axial loads; the second bearing (16) is a radial bearing, used to bear radial loads.

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