A turning and milling combined machine tool with a rotary table switching function

Abstract

The application discloses a turning and milling combined machine tool with a rotary table switching function, the switching mechanism is provided with two front and back symmetrical material tables, the two material tables can rotate and switch positions by 180 degrees under the action of the switching mechanism, the front side of the switching mechanism is provided with a supporting seat for placing the material tables, the combined machine tool is provided with a connecting table, the connecting table is designed to be hollow, the connecting table is provided with a rotary locking mechanism for connecting and locking the material tables, the connecting table is provided with a rotating unit for driving the rotary locking mechanism to rotate, and the connecting table is further provided with a driving unit, which can automatically correct the angle deviation of the material table, realize initial automatic alignment, complete tooth profile meshing positioning without manual adjustment, simultaneously bear high-speed turning rotary torque and heavy load milling cutting force, and stably guarantee the workpiece concentricity and contour machining precision.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of machining equipment, and more particularly to a turning-milling composite machine tool with a turntable switching function. Background Technology

[0002] Milling-turning machining centers, as advanced manufacturing equipment integrating turning and milling functions, can complete multiple machining operations on parts in a single setup, making them one of the core pieces of equipment in the high-end equipment manufacturing field. In CNC machine tools, the worktable is a key functional component for workpiece clamping and rotation, and its performance directly affects machining accuracy and production efficiency. Traditional CNC machine tools have only one worktable. Once a workpiece on the worktable is finished, the machine tool remains idle until the next workpiece is installed, resulting in low efficiency. To overcome these shortcomings, dual-station interchangeable worktable technology has emerged. By setting up two worktables, one station performs cutting operations in the machining area while the other station performs loading and unloading operations, achieving parallel machining and loading / unloading and significantly reducing machine tool downtime. Most existing dual-station exchange worktables and spindle rotary bases use a rigid positioning structure with locating pins and sleeves. This type of pin-hole rigid alignment structure lacks adaptive buffering and automatic correction capabilities. Once the worktable is switched and there is a slight angular misalignment, the pin hole cannot automatically adapt and align, the worktable cannot be smoothly positioned, and the machine tool will directly alarm and stop. The operator needs to manually adjust the worktable angle to continue production, frequently interrupting the processing flow and making it difficult to adapt to automated unmanned production lines. At the same time, the pin and pin hole are in rigid contact throughout the process. The impact load generated during the drop alignment will continuously act on the locating pin and the hole wall. After long-term repeated use, the wear of the positioning mating surface will accelerate, the mating clearance will continue to widen, the machine tool's rotary positioning accuracy will decrease rapidly, and the dimensional consistency of batch-processed workpieces will be difficult to guarantee. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention proposes a milling and turning composite machine tool with a rotary table switching function, which solves the above-mentioned problems.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0005] A turning-milling composite machine tool with a rotary table switching function includes a composite machine tool. A switching mechanism is provided on the front side of the composite machine tool. Two symmetrically distributed material tables are mounted on the switching mechanism. The two material tables can rotate 180° to switch positions under the action of the switching mechanism. A support base for placing the material tables is provided on the front side of the switching mechanism. The composite machine tool is provided with a connecting platform. The connecting platform has a hollow interior design. A rotary locking mechanism for connecting and locking the material tables is installed inside the connecting platform. A rotating unit for driving the rotary locking mechanism to rotate is provided on the connecting platform. A drive unit is also provided on the connecting platform. When the material tables switch 180° to the rotary locking mechanism, the drive unit drives the rotary locking mechanism to connect and lock with the material tables above it. Under the action of the rotating unit, the rotary locking mechanism enables the material tables to rotate together. The workpieces located on the material tables can be turned and milled as needed.

[0006] Preferably, the switching mechanism includes a fixed frame, a lifting frame is slidably mounted on the side of the fixed frame via a rail, a lifting cylinder for driving the lifting frame to move up and down is also mounted on the fixed frame, an electric rotary table is mounted above the lifting frame, a rotating frame is mounted on the electric rotary table, and two sets of symmetrically distributed ring frames are fixed on the rotating frame, and the two material platforms are respectively rotatably mounted on the two ring frames.

[0007] When switching positions, the lifting cylinder raises the rotating frame and the two material platforms located on the ring frame through the lifting frame. The two material platforms are separated from the support base and the rotary locking mechanism respectively. Then, the electric rotating platform rotates the two material platforms 180° to switch positions. After rotating 180°, the material platforms move downward under the action of the lifting cylinder, and the two material platforms contact and connect with the corresponding support base and rotary locking mechanism respectively.

[0008] Preferably, the inner wall below the material platform has multiple sets of ring-shaped lifting grooves. A docking ring is slidably arranged on the inner ring below the material platform. Multiple evenly distributed sliders are fixed to the outer ring of the docking ring by screws. The sliders slide up and down in their respective lifting grooves. Each lifting groove is equipped with a downward pressure spring. The upper and lower ends of the downward pressure spring abut against the slider and the top of the lifting groove, respectively. The downward pressure spring ensures that the slider and the docking ring are always at the bottom. A limit ring is fixed to the bottom of the material platform by screws. The limit ring is used to seal the bottom of the lifting groove to prevent the slider from detaching.

[0009] Preferably, the lower end of the docking ring is provided with a plurality of evenly distributed guide teeth, and the side of each guide tooth is designed with a bevel, which is a correction bevel.

[0010] The inner ring of the docking ring has multiple connecting grooves arranged in a ring array. The connecting grooves are staggered with the guide teeth. The inner walls of the connecting grooves on both sides are designed with slopes, which are offset slopes. The connecting grooves are also chamfered to form a pressing slope.

[0011] Preferably, the rotary locking mechanism includes a driven shaft rotatably mounted inside the connecting platform via an upper bearing seat and a lower bearing seat. The driven shaft extends vertically through the central cavity. A connecting plate is fixed to the top of the driven shaft. The connecting plate is rotatably connected to the upper bearing seat. A locking element for connecting and locking with a docking ring below the material platform is also installed on the connecting plate.

[0012] Preferably, the rotating unit includes a drive shaft rotatably mounted in the connecting platform via bearings. The lower end of the drive shaft is positioned outside and below the connecting platform. A drive pulley is mounted on the lower end of the drive shaft, which is used to connect with an external motor to drive the drive shaft to rotate. A drive gear is mounted on the upper end of the drive shaft, and a driven gear is mounted on the outer ring of the driven shaft. The drive gear meshes with the driven gear to drive the rotation of the driven shaft, thereby causing the connecting disc to rotate together.

[0013] Preferably, a plurality of guide teeth arranged in a ring array are provided above the outer surface of the connecting disk. Each guide tooth has an inclined surface on both sides. The inclined surface is a second correction inclined surface. The slope and number of the second correction inclined surface are the same as those of the first correction inclined surface.

[0014] After the material platform is switched to the top of the rotary locking mechanism by the switching mechanism, it moves downwards. During the downward movement of the material platform, the docking ring located below the material platform moves downwards as well. The first correction slope of the guide tooth below the docking ring will contact the second correction slope on the guide tooth, thereby causing relative deflection between the guide tooth and the guide tooth. As the docking ring and the material platform gradually move downwards, the guide tooth on the docking ring will mesh with the guide tooth on the connecting plate, completing the connection between the docking ring and the connecting plate. The material platform will also be connected to the connecting plate and the driven shaft. When the driven shaft rotates, it will drive the material platform to rotate together.

[0015] Preferably, the locking component includes three sets of circumferentially arranged locking arc plates. Each locking arc plate has multiple evenly distributed correction teeth on its outer ring. Both sides of each correction tooth are inclined surfaces, which are offset inclined surfaces two. The tip of each correction tooth is chamfered to form an inclined surface, which is a pressing inclined surface. The slopes of offset inclined surfaces one and two are the same, and the slopes of the pressing inclined surface and the resisting inclined surface are the same.

[0016] Preferably, three sets of connecting frames arranged in a circular array are linearly slidably mounted above the connecting plate via a linear track. One end of each connecting frame is fixed to the lower surface of the locking arc plate, and the other end of each connecting frame is fixed to a linear plate with an inclined linear groove.

[0017] A fixing cover is fixed on the connecting plate, and three evenly distributed straight sliding holes are opened on the side of the fixing cover. The straight plate slides into the straight sliding holes.

[0018] Preferably, the drive unit includes a drive cylinder fixed to the bottom of the connecting platform by a bracket. The push rod of the drive cylinder extends into the driven shaft, and a drive rod is rotatably connected above the push rod of the drive cylinder by a bearing. The drive rod and the drive cylinder are rotatably connected. When the drive rod rotates, the drive cylinder will not rotate. The upper end of the drive rod extends into the fixed cover. Three sets of extended frames arranged in a ring array are fixed on the drive rod. Each extended frame is rotatably mounted with a drive roller. The drive roller rolls in the corresponding straight groove.

[0019] The end of the linear slide closer to the drive rod is higher than the end of the linear slide further away from the drive rod.

[0020] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0021] By employing a toothed meshing alignment scheme with multi-stage inclined surfaces and a floating docking ring structure, the switching mechanism drives the two material platforms to complete a 180° position interchange. During the descent of the material platforms, the first corrective inclined surface of the guide tooth at the lower end of the docking ring and the second corrective inclined surface of the guide tooth of the connecting plate engage with each other. The tangential force generated by the inclined surface contact can automatically correct the angular deviation of the material platform, achieving initial automatic alignment without manual adjustment. The docking ring is slidably mounted in the lifting groove at the bottom of the material platform via a slider. A downward pressure spring is arranged in the groove to form a floating buffer structure. Even if the tooth tips are in an extreme state during alignment, the docking ring can compress the downward pressure spring and float relative to the material platform, avoiding hard impact and scraping of the tooth surfaces, effectively reducing wear on the positioning teeth and delaying equipment positioning. Precision decay extends the service life of the turntable and material table; if there is still an angular deviation in the initial alignment, the drive cylinder drives the locking arc plate to extend radially synchronously, and the offset inclined surface of the correction tooth and the offset inclined surface of the docking ring connecting groove squeeze each other, pushing the docking ring to deflect slightly again to complete the secondary forced correction. No manual intervention is required throughout the process, the equipment has strong fault tolerance and can continuously and automatically process for a long time; after the correction is completed, the correction tooth is inserted into the connecting groove, the downward pressure inclined surface presses against the pressing inclined surface, and the ring meshing of the guide tooth and the guide tooth forms a double-layer multi-point rigid locking structure. The material table, docking ring, connecting plate and driven shaft are integrated into a rigid whole, the rotary transmission is backlash-free, and it can simultaneously withstand the high-speed turning rotary torque and heavy-duty milling cutting force, stably ensuring the concentricity of the workpiece and the contour machining accuracy. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a front view of a milling and turning machine tool with a rotary table switching function proposed in this invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the switching mechanism, material platform, connecting platform, and support base in section 1.

[0024] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the switching mechanism;

[0025] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A structural diagram of the material platform, connecting platform, and rotating unit;

[0026] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A front view of the material platform and the structural schematic diagram of the rotating unit and rotating locking mechanism;

[0027] Figure 6 for Figure 4 Cross-sectional view;

[0028] Figure 7 for Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the rotating locking mechanism;

[0029] Figure 8 This is a bottom view of the material platform;

[0030] Figure 9 for Figure 8 Exploded view of the central material platform;

[0031] Figure 10 for Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the docking ring of the material handling platform;

[0032] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the locking element and connecting plate in the rotary locking mechanism;

[0033] Figure 12 This is a structural diagram of the locking component and the drive unit;

[0034] Figure 13 This is a cross-sectional view of the rotary locking mechanism and the material table.

[0035] Numbering on the map:

[0036] 1. Composite machine tools;

[0037] 2. Switching mechanism; 21. Fixed frame; 22. Lifting cylinder; 23. Electric rotary table; 24. Rotating frame; 25. Circular frame; 26. Lifting frame;

[0038] 3. Support base;

[0039] 4. Material platform; 41. Connecting ring; 411. Guide tooth; 412. Connecting groove; 413. Lower pressure spring; 414. Slider; 415. Pressing slope; 42. Lifting groove; 43. Limiting ring;

[0040] 5. Connecting platform; 51. Upper bearing housing; 52. Lower bearing housing;

[0041] 6. Rotating unit; 61. Drive shaft; 62. Drive pulley; 63. Drive gear;

[0042] 7. Rotary locking mechanism; 71. Driven shaft; 72. Driven gear; 73. Connecting disc; 731. Guide gear; 732. Fixing cover; 733. Linear sliding hole; 74. Locking component; 741. Locking arc plate; 742. Correction gear; 743. Downward pressure slope; 744. Connecting frame; 745. Linear plate; 746. Linear slide groove;

[0043] 8. Drive unit; 81. Drive cylinder; 82. Drive rod; 83. Extension frame; 84. Drive roller. Detailed Implementation

[0044] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0045] Reference Figure 1 - Figure 13 A turning-milling composite machine tool with a rotary table switching function includes a composite machine tool 1. A switching mechanism 2 is provided on the front side of the composite machine tool 1. Two material tables 4 are symmetrically distributed front and rear on the switching mechanism 2. The two material tables 4 can rotate 180° to switch positions under the action of the switching mechanism 2. A support base 3 for placing the material tables 4 is provided on the front side of the switching mechanism 2. A connecting table 5 is provided on the composite machine tool 1. The connecting table 5 has a hollow interior design. A rotary locking mechanism 7 for connecting and locking the material tables 4 is installed inside the connecting table 5. A rotating unit 6 for driving the rotary locking mechanism 7 to rotate is provided on the connecting table 5. A drive unit 8 is also provided on the connecting table 5. When the material table 4 switches 180° to the rotary locking mechanism 7, the drive unit 8 drives the rotary locking mechanism 7 to connect and lock with the material table 4 above it. Under the action of the rotating unit 6, the rotary locking mechanism 7 can make the material table 4 rotate together. The workpiece located on the material table 4 can be turned and milled as needed.

[0046] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 3The switching mechanism 2 includes a fixed frame 21. A lifting frame 26 is slidably mounted on the side of the fixed frame 21 via a rail. A lifting cylinder 22 for driving the lifting frame 26 to move up and down is also mounted on the fixed frame 21. An electric rotary table 23 is mounted above the lifting frame 26. A rotating frame 24 is mounted on the electric rotary table 23. Two sets of symmetrically distributed ring frames 25 are fixed on the rotating frame 24. Two material platforms 4 are rotatably mounted on the two ring frames 25 respectively.

[0047] When switching positions, the lifting cylinder 22 raises the rotating frame 24 and the two material platforms 4 located on the ring frame 25 via the lifting frame 26. The two material platforms 4 are respectively disengaged from the support base 3 and the rotary locking mechanism 7. Then, the electric rotating table 23 causes the two material platforms 4 to rotate 180° to switch positions. After rotating 180°, the material platforms 4 move downward under the action of the lifting cylinder 22, and the two material platforms 4 respectively contact and connect with the corresponding support base 3 and the rotary locking mechanism 7.

[0048] Reference Figure 8 , Figure 9 The inner wall below the material platform 4 has multiple sets of ring-shaped lifting grooves 42. A docking ring 41 is slidably installed on the inner ring below the material platform 4. Multiple evenly distributed sliders 414 are fixed to the outer ring of the docking ring 41 by screws. The sliders 414 are slidably installed in the corresponding lifting grooves 42. Each lifting groove 42 is equipped with a downward pressure spring 413. The upper and lower ends of the downward pressure spring 413 abut against the top of the slider 414 and the lifting groove 42, respectively. The downward pressure spring 413 keeps the slider 414 and the docking ring 41 at the bottom. A limit ring 43 is fixed to the bottom of the material platform 4 by screws. The limit ring 43 is used to seal the bottom of the lifting groove 42 to prevent the slider 414 from falling off.

[0049] Reference Figure 10 The lower end of the docking ring 41 is provided with multiple evenly distributed guide teeth 411, and the side of each guide tooth 411 is designed with a slope, which is a correction slope.

[0050] Multiple connecting grooves 412 arranged in a ring array are opened in the inner ring of the docking ring 41. The connecting grooves 412 and the guide teeth 411 are staggered. The inner walls of the connecting grooves 412 on both sides are designed with inclined surfaces. The inclined surface is an offset inclined surface. The connecting grooves 412 are also chamfered to form a pressing inclined surface 415.

[0051] Reference Figure 6 The rotary locking mechanism 7 includes a driven shaft 71 rotatably mounted inside the connecting platform 5 via an upper bearing seat 51 and a lower bearing seat 52. The driven shaft 71 extends vertically through the central cavity. A connecting plate 73 is fixed to the top of the driven shaft 71. The connecting plate 73 is rotatably connected to the upper bearing seat 51. A locking element 74 is also installed on the connecting plate 73 for connecting and locking with the docking ring 41 below the material platform 4.

[0052] Reference Figure 5 , Figure 6 The rotating unit 6 includes a drive shaft 61 rotatably mounted in the connecting platform 5 via bearings. The lower end of the drive shaft 61 is located outside and below the connecting platform 5. A drive pulley 62 is mounted on the lower end of the drive shaft 61. The drive pulley 62 is used to connect with an external motor to drive the drive shaft 61 to rotate. A drive gear 63 is mounted on the upper end of the drive shaft 61. A driven gear 72 is mounted on the outer ring of the driven shaft 71. The drive gear 63 meshes with the driven gear 72 to drive the rotation of the driven shaft 71, thereby causing the connecting disc 73 to rotate together.

[0053] Reference Figure 11 , Figure 13 The outer surface of the connecting disk 73 has multiple guide teeth 731 arranged in a ring array above it. Each guide tooth 731 has an inclined surface on both sides. This inclined surface is the second correction inclined surface. The slope and number of the second correction inclined surface are the same as those of the first correction inclined surface.

[0054] After the material platform 4 is switched to the top of the rotary locking mechanism 7 under the action of the switching mechanism 2, the material platform 4 moves downward. During the downward movement of the material platform 4, the docking ring 41 located below the material platform 4 moves downward as well. The first correction slope of the guide tooth 411 below the docking ring 41 will contact the second correction slope on the guide tooth 731, so that the guide tooth 731 and the guide tooth 411 will be relatively deflected. As the docking ring 41 and the material platform 4 gradually move downward, the guide tooth 411 on the docking ring 41 will mesh with the guide tooth 731 on the connecting plate 73, completing the connection between the docking ring 41 and the connecting plate 73. The material platform 4 will also be connected to the connecting plate 73 and the driven shaft 71. When the driven shaft 71 rotates, it will drive the material platform 4 to rotate together.

[0055] When the material platform 4 is switched, and the tip of the guide tooth 411 on the docking ring 41 is above the tip of the guide tooth 731 on the connecting plate 73, since the docking ring 41 is a floating design, it can slide up and down below the material platform 4 via the slider 414. Therefore, during the downward movement of the material platform 4, the tip of the guide tooth 411 will abut against the tip of the guide tooth 731. The position of the guide tooth 411 remains unchanged, and the lower pressure spring 413 is compressed. After the material platform 4 has completely moved into place, there is still a certain gap between the top of the docking ring 41 and the top of the inner wall of the material platform 4. Then, the locking member 74 is used to correct the docking ring 41 and the connecting plate 73 so that they can mesh normally.

[0056] A docking ring 41 with guide teeth 411 is provided below the material platform 4, and a mating structure with guide teeth 731 is provided above the connecting plate 73. The guide teeth 411 and the guide teeth 731 are respectively provided with a first correction slope and a second correction slope, and the slope and quantity of the two are the same. When the material platform 4 moves down after switching to the position, the guide teeth 411 below the docking ring 41 and the guide teeth 731 on the connecting plate 73 contact each other through the slope. The tangential component force generated by the slope automatically guides the two to deflect relative to each other, so that the guide teeth 411 can smoothly slide into the tooth groove of the guide teeth 731 to complete the meshing.

[0057] Meanwhile, the docking ring 41 is slidably installed in the lifting groove 42 below the material platform 4 via the slider 414, and a downward pressure spring 413 is provided in the lifting groove 42, so that the docking ring 41 has the ability to float up and down relative to the material platform 4. When the tooth tip of the guide tooth 411 is exactly aligned with the tooth tip of the guide tooth 731, i.e. "tooth tip to tooth tip", as the material platform 4 continues to move down, the docking ring 41 can slide upward relative to the material platform 4 by compressing the downward pressure spring 413, so as to avoid the tooth tip being damaged by hard impact. After the material platform 4 is fully in place, the final engagement is completed by the correction action of the locking member 74.

[0058] The locking component 74 includes three sets of circumferentially arranged locking arc plates 741. Each locking arc plate 741 has multiple evenly distributed correction teeth 742 on its outer ring. Both sides of the correction teeth 742 are inclined surfaces, which are offset inclined surfaces two. The tip of the correction teeth 742 is chamfered to form an inclined surface, which is a pressing inclined surface 743. The slopes of offset inclined surfaces one and offset inclined surfaces two are the same. The slope of pressing inclined surface 743 is the same as that of pressing inclined surface 415.

[0059] After the material platform 4 is switched, when the tooth tip of the guide tooth 411 is above the tooth tip of the guide tooth 731 of the connecting plate 73, the correction tooth 742 faces the connecting groove 412. At this time, when the locking arc plate 741 moves towards the connecting groove 412 under the action of the drive unit 8, the guide tooth 731 can be inserted into the connecting groove 412, and the first offset slope and the second offset slope contact each other, thereby pushing the guide tooth 731 and the guide tooth 411 to deflect relative to each other. Then, under the action of the lower pressure spring 413, the docking ring 41 moves downward, so that the guide tooth 411 meshes with the guide tooth 731. At this time, the correction tooth 742 will also be completely inserted into the connecting groove 412 to form a whole. At the same time, the lower pressure slope 743 presses against the abutment slope 415, so that the docking ring 41 and the connecting plate 73 are firmly connected together, and the docking ring 41 cannot move up and down.

[0060] When the tip of the guide tooth 411 is misaligned with the tip of the guide tooth 731 of the connecting disc 73, the downward movement of the mating ring 41 allows the guide tooth 411 to directly engage with the guide tooth 731. At this time, the guide tooth 731 is facing the connecting groove 412. When the locking arc plate 741 moves toward the connecting groove 412 under the action of the drive unit 8, the guide tooth 731 can be directly inserted into the connecting groove 412. At the same time, the downward pressing slope 743 presses against the abutting slope 415.

[0061] Three sets of connecting frames 744 are arranged in a ring array and are linearly slidably installed above the connecting plate 73 via a linear track. One end of the connecting frame 744 is fixed to the lower surface of the locking arc plate 741, and the other end of the connecting frame 744 is fixed to a straight plate 745. An inclined straight groove 746 is provided on the straight plate 745.

[0062] A fixing cover 732 is fixed on the connecting plate 73. Three evenly distributed straight sliding holes 733 are opened on the side of the fixing cover 732. The straight plate 745 slides into the straight sliding holes 733.

[0063] The drive unit 8 includes a drive cylinder 81 fixed to the bottom of the connecting platform 5 by a bracket. The push rod of the drive cylinder 81 extends into the driven shaft 71, and a drive rod 82 is rotatably connected above the push rod of the drive cylinder 81 by a bearing. The drive rod 82 is rotatably connected to the drive cylinder 81. When the drive rod 82 rotates, it will not cause the drive cylinder 81 to rotate. The upper end of the drive rod 82 extends into the fixed cover 732. Three sets of extended frames 83 arranged in a ring array are fixed on the drive rod 82. A drive roller 84 is rotatably installed on each extended frame 83. The drive roller 84 rolls in the corresponding linear groove 746.

[0064] The end of the linear slide 746 near the drive rod 82 is higher than the end of the linear slide 746 away from the drive rod 82. The extension of the push rod of the drive cylinder 81 causes the drive rod 82 to drive the extension frame 83 and the drive roller 84 to move upward together. The upward-moving drive roller 84 will cause the connecting frame 744, the straight plate 745 and the locking arc plate 741 to move downward away from the drive rod 82 through the linear slide 746. The locking arc plate 741 and the correction tooth 742 will approach the connecting groove 412 and be inserted into the connecting groove 412, thereby completing the correction and connection fixation of the docking ring 41, so that the material platform 4 and the connecting plate 73 are connected as one unit. When the rotating unit 6 causes the driven shaft 71 and the connecting plate 73 to rotate, it can cause the material platform 4 above to rotate together.

[0065] The docking ring 41 is slidably mounted in the lifting groove 42 below the material platform 4 via a slider 414. A downward pressure spring 413 is installed in the lifting groove 42, allowing the docking ring 41 to float up and down relative to the material platform 4. When the tooth tip of the guide tooth 411 is exactly aligned with the tooth tip of the guide tooth 731 (i.e., "tooth tip to tooth tip"), as the material platform 4 continues to move downward, the docking ring 41 can slide upward relative to the material platform 4 by compressing the downward pressure spring 413, preventing the tooth tip from being damaged by hard impact. After the material platform 4 is fully in place, the final engagement is completed by the corrective action of the locking member 74.

[0066] Working principle: In the initial state, the two material tables 4 are respectively located above the machining station (rotary locking mechanism 7) and the loading / unloading station (support base 3). The material table 4 in the machining station is connected to the rotating unit 6 through the rotary locking mechanism 7. Driven by the rotating unit 6, it can drive the workpiece clamped on it to rotate, and cooperate with the tool system of the composite machine tool 1 to complete turning or milling. The material table 4 in the loading / unloading station rests on the support base 3, which is convenient for operators or robots to load and unload workpieces.

[0067] When it is necessary to switch the position of the material platform 4, the drive cylinder 81 of the drive unit 8 is activated first. The push rod of the drive cylinder 81 drives the drive rod 82 to move downward. The drive rod 82 drives the drive roller 84 to roll downward along the straight slide 746 through the extension frame 83. Since the straight slide 746 is inclined, the downward movement of the drive roller 84 is converted into the radial movement of the connecting frame 744 and the locking arc plate 741 toward the axis of the driven shaft 71, so that the correction teeth 742 of the outer ring of the locking arc plate 741 disengage from the connecting groove 412 of the docking ring 41, and release the locking between the material platform 4 and the connecting plate 73.

[0068] Subsequently, the lifting cylinder 22 of the switching mechanism 2 is activated. The lifting cylinder 22, through the lifting frame 26, drives the electric rotary table 23, the rotating frame 24, and the two material platforms 4 mounted on the ring frame 25 to rise synchronously, causing the two material platforms 4 to disengage from the support base 3 and the rotary locking mechanism 7 below. After being raised to their positions, the electric rotary table 23 is activated, driving the rotating frame 24 to rotate 180° around its vertical axis. The two material platforms 4 then rotate 180° synchronously, exchanging positions. After rotating to their positions, the lifting cylinder 22 reverses its action, driving the lifting frame 26 and the two material platforms 4 to descend synchronously, causing the two material platforms 4 to fall back above the support base 3 and the rotary locking mechanism 7. At this point, the material platform 4, originally in the loading / unloading position, has been switched to the processing position, and vice versa.

[0069] As the material platform 4 descends to above the rotary locking mechanism 7 under the drive of the switching mechanism 2, the docking ring 41 below the material platform 4 moves down accordingly. The lower end of the docking ring 41 is provided with multiple evenly distributed guide teeth 411, and the upper end of the connecting plate 73 is provided with multiple evenly distributed guide teeth 731. The sides of both the guide teeth 411 and the guide teeth 731 are designed with bevels, and the slope and number of both are the same.

[0070] When the guide tooth 411 and the guide tooth 731 are in a non-tooth-to-tooth-tooth state, as the docking ring 41 moves down, the first correction slope of the guide tooth 411 and the second correction slope of the guide tooth 731 come into contact with each other. The tangential component force generated by the slope contact causes the guide tooth 411 and the guide tooth 731 to deflect relative to each other, guiding the tooth tip of the guide tooth 411 to slide into the tooth groove of the guide tooth 731, thereby realizing the automatic correction meshing of the docking ring 41 and the connecting plate 73.

[0071] When the tip of the guide tooth 411 is exactly opposite to the tip of the guide tooth 731, the guide tooth 411 cannot continue to descend into the groove of the guide tooth 731 because the tip of the guide tooth 411 directly abuts against the tip of the guide tooth 731. At this time, since the docking ring 41 is slidably installed in the lifting groove 42 through the slider 414 and the lifting groove 42 is provided with a downward pressure spring 413, the docking ring 41 can float upward relative to the material platform 4. As the material platform 4 continues to move downward, the docking ring 41 compresses the downward pressure spring 413 through the slider 414 and slides upward relative to the material platform 4, thereby avoiding a hard collision between the tip of the guide tooth 411 and the tip of the guide tooth 731 and protecting the tooth surface from damage. When the material platform 4 has completely moved into place, there is still a certain floating gap between the top of the docking ring 41 and the top of the inner wall of the material platform 4, which reserves space for the subsequent correction operation of the locking part 74.

[0072] After the material platform 4 switches to the processing station and descends to the position, the drive cylinder 81 of the drive unit 8 starts, the push rod of the drive cylinder 81 extends, driving the drive rod 82 to move upward. The drive rod 82 drives the drive roller 84 to move upward synchronously through the extension frame 83. The drive roller 84 rolls along the straight slide groove 746 on the connecting frame 744. Since the end of the straight slide groove 746 near the drive rod 82 is higher than the end away from the drive rod 82, the upward movement of the drive roller 84, through the inclined surface of the straight slide groove 746, pushes the connecting frame 744 and the straight plate 745 to slide radially outward along the straight slide hole 733 in the direction away from the drive rod 82, thereby driving the three sets of locking arc plates 741 to move radially outward synchronously.

[0073] When the guide tooth 411 and the guide tooth 731 have completed normal engagement, the locking arc plate 741 moves radially outward, and the correction tooth 742 of its outer ring is inserted into the connecting groove 412 of the inner ring of the docking ring 41. At the same time, the downward pressing slope 743 at the top of the correction tooth 742 presses against the abutting slope 415 on the connecting groove 412, so that the docking ring 41 and the connecting plate 73 are firmly connected as one, and the docking ring 41 cannot move up and down, thus achieving rigid locking between the material platform 4 and the rotary locking mechanism 7.

[0074] When the tip of the guide tooth 411 is aligned with the tip of the guide tooth 731 (i.e., in a non-engaged state with "tooth tip to tooth tip"), the locking arc plate 741 moves radially outward, and the correction tooth 742 inserts into the connecting groove 412. Since the slopes of the offset ramps on both sides of the correction tooth 742 and the offset ramps on both sides of the inner wall of the connecting groove 412 are the same, the tangential force generated by the contact of these ramps pushes the mating ring 41 and the connecting disc 73 to deflect relative to each other, causing the tip of the guide tooth 411 to slide from the tip of the guide tooth 731 into the tooth groove. Simultaneously with the guide tooth 411 falling into the tooth groove of the guide tooth 731, the mating ring 41 moves downward under the elastic reset action of the lower pressure spring 413, causing the guide tooth 411 and the guide tooth 731 to fully engage. Simultaneously, the correction tooth 742 is fully inserted into the connecting groove 412, and the downward pressing slope 743 presses against the abutting slope 415, firmly connecting the mating ring 41 and the connecting disc 73 into one unit. Thus, the locking component 74 achieves both secondary correction and powerful locking.

[0075] The material platform 4 is rigidly connected to the connecting plate 73 and the driven shaft 71 through the engagement of the docking ring 41 and the locking action of the locking member 74. An external motor drives the drive shaft 61 to rotate through the drive pulley 62. The drive gear 63 at the upper end of the drive shaft 61 meshes with the driven gear 72 on the outer ring of the driven shaft 71, driving the driven shaft 71 and the connecting plate 73 to rotate together. The rotation of the connecting plate 73 is transmitted to the material platform 4 through the locking docking ring 41, causing the material platform 4 to rotate together.

[0076] In turning mode, the material table 4 rotates at high speed as the turning spindle, and the workpiece clamped on the material table 4 rotates together with the material table 4. The tool system of the composite machine tool 1 performs turning machining on the workpiece. In milling mode, the milling tool of the composite machine tool 1 performs milling machining on the workpiece. Since the material table 4 and the rotary locking mechanism 7 achieve multi-point and multi-face rigid connection through the meshing of the guide teeth 411 and the guide teeth 731 and the insertion of the correction teeth 742 and the connecting groove 412, the power transmission path is short and the connection rigidity is high, which can meet the requirements of high rigidity and high precision of turning and milling composite machining.

[0077] When the workpiece on the material table 4 at the processing station is finished and the next switch is required, the push rod of the drive cylinder 81 retracts, causing the drive rod 82 to move downwards. The drive roller 84 rolls downwards along the straight slide groove 746, causing the connecting frame 744 and the locking arc plate 741 to move radially inwards, so that the correction tooth 742 exits from the connecting groove 412, releasing the lock between the material table 4 and the connecting plate 73. Subsequently, the lifting cylinder 22 of the switching mechanism 2 drives the lifting frame 26 and the two material tables 4 to lift synchronously, so that the two material tables 4 are respectively separated from the support base 3 and the rotary locking mechanism 7. The electric rotary table 23 drives the rotary frame 24 to rotate 180°, and the two material tables 4 exchange positions again. After that, the lifting cylinder 22 drives the material table 4 to descend, repeating the above docking, correction, adjustment, locking and rotary drive process, and entering the next processing cycle.

[0078] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0079] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0080] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A milling and turning machine tool with a rotary table switching function, characterized in that, The system includes a composite machine tool (1), a switching mechanism (2) on the front side of the composite machine tool (1), two symmetrically distributed material tables (4) on the switching mechanism (2), the two material tables (4) can rotate 180° to switch positions under the action of the switching mechanism (2), a support base (3) for placing the material tables (4) is provided on the front side of the switching mechanism (2), a connecting platform (5) is provided on the composite machine tool (1), the connecting platform (5) is hollow inside, and a rotary locking mechanism for connecting and locking the material tables (4) is installed inside the connecting platform (5). 7) The connecting platform (5) is provided with a rotating unit (6) for driving the rotating locking mechanism (7) to rotate. The connecting platform (5) is also provided with a driving unit (8). The material platform (4) switches 180° to the rotating locking mechanism (7). The driving unit (8) drives the rotating locking mechanism (7) to connect and lock with the material platform (4) above it. Under the action of the rotating unit (6), the rotating locking mechanism (7) can make the material platform (4) rotate together. The workpiece located on the material platform (4) can be machined by turning and milling as needed.

2. A milling and turning machine tool with a rotary table switching function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The switching mechanism (2) includes a fixed frame (21), on which a lifting frame (26) is slidably mounted up and down via a track. A lifting cylinder (22) for driving the lifting frame (26) to move up and down is also mounted on the fixed frame (21). An electric rotating table (23) is mounted above the lifting frame (26). A rotating frame (24) is mounted on the electric rotating table (23). Two sets of symmetrically distributed ring frames (25) are fixed on the rotating frame (24). The two material platforms (4) are rotatably mounted on the two ring frames (25).

3. A milling and turning machine tool with a rotary table switching function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The material platform (4) has multiple sets of ring-shaped lifting grooves (42) arranged on the inner wall below. The material platform (4) has a docking ring (41) that slides up and down on the inner ring below. The docking ring (41) has multiple evenly distributed sliders (414) fixed on the outer ring by screws. The sliders (414) slide up and down in the corresponding lifting grooves (42). Each lifting groove (42) is provided with a downward pressure spring (413). The upper and lower ends of the downward pressure spring (413) abut against the slider (414) and the top of the lifting groove (42) respectively. The material platform (4) is fixed with a limit ring (43) by screws below.

4. A milling and turning machine tool with a rotary table switching function according to claim 3, characterized in that, The lower end of the docking ring (41) is provided with a plurality of evenly distributed guide teeth (411), and the side of each guide tooth (411) is designed with a slope, which is a correction slope. The inner ring of the docking ring (41) has multiple connecting grooves (412) arranged in a ring array. The connecting grooves (412) and the guide teeth (411) are staggered. The inner walls of the connecting grooves (412) are designed with inclined surfaces on both sides. The inclined surface is an offset inclined surface. The connecting grooves (412) are also chamfered to form a pressing inclined surface (415).

5. A milling and turning machine tool with a rotary table switching function according to claim 4, characterized in that, The rotary locking mechanism (7) includes a driven shaft (71) rotatably mounted inside the connecting platform (5) via an upper bearing seat (51) and a lower bearing seat (52). The driven shaft (71) extends vertically through the central cavity. A connecting plate (73) is fixed at the top of the driven shaft (71). The connecting plate (73) is rotatably connected to the upper bearing seat (51). A locking element (74) is also installed on the connecting plate (73) for connecting and locking with the docking ring (41) below the material platform (4).

6. A milling and turning machine tool with rotary table switching function according to claim 5, characterized in that, The rotating unit (6) includes a drive shaft (61) rotatably mounted in the connecting platform (5) via bearings. The lower end of the drive shaft (61) is located outside and below the connecting platform (5). A drive pulley (62) is installed at the lower end of the drive shaft (61). A drive gear (63) is installed at the upper end of the drive shaft (61). A driven gear (72) is installed on the outer ring of the driven shaft (71). The drive gear (63) meshes with the driven gear (72).

7. A milling and turning machine tool with rotary table switching function according to claim 5, characterized in that, The outer surface of the connecting disk (73) is provided with a plurality of guide teeth (731) arranged in a ring array. Each guide tooth (731) has an inclined surface on both sides. The inclined surface is the second correction inclined surface. The slope and number of the second correction inclined surface are the same as those of the first correction inclined surface.

8. A milling and turning machine tool with a rotary table switching function according to claim 5, characterized in that, The locking component (74) includes three sets of circumferentially arranged locking arc plates (741). Each locking arc plate (741) has multiple evenly distributed correction teeth (742) on its outer ring. Both sides of the correction teeth (742) are inclined surfaces, which are offset inclined surfaces. The top part of the correction teeth (742) is chamfered to form an inclined surface, which is a downward pressing inclined surface (743).

9. A milling and turning machine tool with rotary table switching function according to claim 8, characterized in that, Three sets of connecting frames (744) are arranged in a ring array and are linearly slidably installed above the connecting plate (73) via a linear track. One end of the connecting frame (744) is fixed to the lower surface of the locking arc plate (741), and the other end of the connecting frame (744) is fixed to a straight plate (745). An inclined straight groove (746) is provided on the straight plate (745). A fixing cover (732) is fixed on the connecting plate (73). Three evenly distributed straight sliding holes (733) are opened on the side of the fixing cover (732). The straight plate (745) slides into the straight sliding holes (733).

10. A milling and turning machine tool with a rotary table switching function according to claim 9, characterized in that, The drive unit (8) includes a drive cylinder (81) fixed to the bottom of the connecting platform (5) by a bracket. The push rod of the drive cylinder (81) extends into the driven shaft (71), and a drive rod (82) is rotatably connected above the push rod of the drive cylinder (81) by a bearing. The upper end of the drive rod (82) extends into the fixed cover (732). Three sets of extended frames (83) arranged in a ring array are fixed on the drive rod (82). A drive roller (84) is rotatably installed on each extended frame (83). The drive roller (84) rolls in the corresponding linear groove (746).

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