Cantilever mechanism of machine tool and numerical control machine tool

Abstract

The application discloses a machine tool cantilever mechanism and a numerical control machine tool, wherein the numerical control machine tool comprises a column, the machine tool cantilever mechanism is horizontally installed on the side surface of the column, the machine tool cantilever mechanism comprises a mounting groove and a wedge block mechanism, the mounting groove is arranged on the bottom surface of the machine tool cantilever mechanism and the length direction of the mounting groove is perpendicular to the extension direction of the machine tool cantilever mechanism, the wedge block mechanism is fixed on the bottom surface of the mounting groove through a screw, and the wedge block mechanism applies pressure to the front and rear side walls of the mounting groove in the state of being fastened by the screw, and the direction of the pressure is parallel to the extension direction of the machine tool cantilever mechanism. The application can offset the pre-deformation of the cantilever part caused by the self-weight sagging, thereby eliminating the front end falling deformation of the cantilever part caused by the self weight, ensuring the levelness of the cantilever part and improving the machining precision.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of CNC machine tools, and particularly to a machine tool cantilever mechanism and a CNC machine tool. Background Technology

[0002] A CNC machine tool is a device that uses a computer control system to automate machining operations. Through pre-set programs and instructions, it controls the machine tool to perform machining operations such as cutting, drilling, and milling, thereby achieving high-precision and high-efficiency machining processes. CNC machine tools are widely used in manufacturing and can process various metallic and non-metallic materials, such as steel, aluminum alloys, and plastics. They offer advantages such as high flexibility, high machining accuracy, and high production efficiency.

[0003] Cantilever structures are widely used in precision testing equipment, automated equipment, and precision transmission mechanisms. Under the influence of its own weight, the cantilever inevitably deforms downward at its front end, leading to a decrease in the horizontal accuracy of the cantilever, which in turn affects the positioning accuracy, motion stability, and the accuracy of testing or processing of the equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defects in the prior art where the cantilever structure deforms downward at the front end under its own weight, resulting in a decrease in the horizontal accuracy of the cantilever, which in turn affects the positioning accuracy, motion stability and detection or processing accuracy of the equipment. The present invention provides a machine tool cantilever mechanism and CNC machine tool that can counteract the pre-deformation of the cantilever component due to its own weight, thereby eliminating the downward deformation of the front end of the cantilever component caused by its own weight, ensuring the horizontality of the cantilever component and improving the processing accuracy.

[0005] The present invention solves the above-mentioned technical problems through the following technical solution:

[0006] A machine tool cantilever mechanism for a CNC machine tool is characterized in that the CNC machine tool includes a column, and the machine tool cantilever mechanism is horizontally mounted on the side of the column.

[0007] The machine tool cantilever mechanism includes a mounting groove and a wedge mechanism. The mounting groove is located on the bottom surface of the machine tool cantilever mechanism and its length direction is perpendicular to the extension direction of the machine tool cantilever mechanism. The wedge mechanism is fixed to the bottom surface of the mounting groove by screws. When the wedge mechanism is tightened by screws, the wedge mechanism applies pressure to the front and rear side walls of the mounting groove. The direction of the pressure is parallel to the extension direction of the machine tool cantilever mechanism.

[0008] Preferably, the mounting groove is a through groove, and the wedge mechanism includes a front wedge, a rear wedge, and a middle wedge. The front wedge is in contact with the inner wall of the front side of the mounting groove, the rear wedge is in contact with the inner wall of the rear side of the mounting groove, and the middle wedge is provided with a screw hole that matches the screw. When the middle wedge is fastened by the screw, the middle wedge applies pressure to the front wedge and the rear wedge respectively.

[0009] Preferably, the top of the machine tool cantilever mechanism is provided with a fixing plate, the fixing plate is fixed to the machine tool cantilever mechanism by a mounting table, and the mounting groove is located between the mounting table and the rear end face of the machine tool cantilever mechanism.

[0010] Preferably, the bottom surface of the machine tool cantilever mechanism is provided with strain gauges, which are used to collect the deformation of the bottom surface of the machine tool cantilever mechanism, and the machine tool cantilever mechanism is used to obtain the opening position of the through slot according to a preset method using strain gauges.

[0011] Preferably, the preset method includes:

[0012] Several strain gauges are attached to the bottom surface at preset intervals;

[0013] Add counterweights to the fixed plate in stages according to the sum of the maximum weight of the workpiece to be processed and the processing force;

[0014] Record the deformation values ​​of all strain gauges;

[0015] The deformation primary curves of the machine tool cantilever mechanism with different counterweights in the front-rear direction are fitted based on the deformation data;

[0016] The location of the through slot is determined based on the primary deformation curve.

[0017] Preferably, the machine tool cantilever mechanism is used to adjust the tightness of the screws using strain gauges according to the adjustment method.

[0018] Preferably, the adjustment method includes:

[0019] Several strain gauges are attached at preset intervals before and after the through groove;

[0020] The wedge mechanism is used to adjust each strain gauge to a state closest to its initial value;

[0021] Add counterweights to the fixed plate in stages according to the sum of the maximum weight of the workpiece to be processed and the processing force;

[0022] Record the deformation values ​​of all strain gauges;

[0023] Fit the secondary deformation curves of the machine tool cantilever mechanism under different counterweights based on the deformation data;

[0024] Adjust the screw tightness of the wedge mechanism according to the deformation secondary curve.

[0025] Preferably, the adjustment method includes:

[0026] The wedge mechanism is used to adjust each strain gauge to the state closest to its initial value under different counterweights;

[0027] Record the correspondence between the deformation secondary curve and the screw tightness under different counterweights;

[0028] The screw tightness of the wedge mechanism is adjusted during the processing according to the aforementioned correspondence.

[0029] Preferably, the machine tool cantilever mechanism includes a drive motor, a reducer, and a transmission mechanism. The transmission mechanism is fixed to the screw from below, and the drive motor is used to adjust the tightness of the screw during the machining process using the corresponding relationship.

[0030] The present invention also provides a CNC machine tool, characterized in that the CNC machine tool includes the machine tool cantilever mechanism as described above.

[0031] Based on common knowledge in the field, the above-mentioned preferred conditions can be combined arbitrarily to obtain various preferred embodiments of the present invention.

[0032] The positive and progressive effects of this invention are as follows:

[0033] This invention can counteract the pre-deformation of the cantilever component caused by its own weight, thereby eliminating the front-end drop deformation of the cantilever component caused by its own weight, ensuring the levelness of the cantilever component and improving processing accuracy. Attached Figure Description

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the CNC machine tool according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the machine tool cantilever mechanism of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the wedge mechanism in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The present invention will be further illustrated by way of embodiments below, but the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments described herein.

[0038] Example 1

[0039] See Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 This embodiment provides a CNC machine tool, which includes a machine tool cantilever mechanism, a processing module, and a column 102.

[0040] The main body 100 of the machine tool cantilever mechanism is horizontally mounted on the side of the column 102.

[0041] The machine tool cantilever mechanism includes a mounting groove and a wedge mechanism 101. The mounting groove is located on the bottom surface of the machine tool cantilever mechanism and its length direction is perpendicular to the extension direction of the machine tool cantilever mechanism. The wedge mechanism is fixed to the bottom surface of the mounting groove by screws. When the wedge mechanism is tightened by screws, the wedge mechanism applies pressure to the front and rear side walls of the mounting groove. The direction of the pressure is parallel to the extension direction of the machine tool cantilever mechanism.

[0042] The mounting groove is a through groove, and the wedge mechanism includes a front wedge 1011, a rear wedge 1012, and a middle wedge 1013. The front wedge is in contact with the inner wall of the front side of the mounting groove, and the rear wedge is in contact with the inner wall of the rear side of the mounting groove. The middle wedge is provided with a screw hole that matches the screw. When the middle wedge is fastened by the screw, the middle wedge applies pressure to the front wedge and the rear wedge respectively.

[0043] The cantilever component is provided with mounting grooves for installing a left wedge, a middle wedge, and a right wedge. The left and right wedges are located on both sides of the middle wedge, forming a symmetrical wedge fit structure. By pressing the middle wedge with screws, the left and right wedges exert a squeezing effect on the cantilever component, causing the cantilever component to undergo pre-deformation in the opposite direction to its own weight, thereby counteracting the front-end deformation caused by the cantilever component's own weight and ensuring the horizontal accuracy of the cantilever component.

[0044] The top of the machine tool cantilever mechanism is provided with a fixing plate, which is fixed to the machine tool cantilever mechanism by a mounting table. The mounting groove is located between the mounting table and the rear end face of the machine tool cantilever mechanism.

[0045] The bottom surface of the machine tool cantilever mechanism is equipped with strain gauges, which are used to collect the deformation of the bottom surface of the machine tool cantilever mechanism. The machine tool cantilever mechanism is used to obtain the opening position of the through slot according to a preset method using strain gauges.

[0046] The preset method includes:

[0047] Several strain gauges are attached to the bottom surface at preset intervals;

[0048] Add counterweights to the fixed plate in stages according to the sum of the maximum weight of the workpiece to be processed and the processing force;

[0049] Record the deformation values ​​of all strain gauges;

[0050] The deformation primary curves of the machine tool cantilever mechanism with different counterweights in the front-rear direction are fitted based on the deformation data;

[0051] The location of the through slot is determined based on the primary deformation curve.

[0052] The processing module is used to collect deformation data and calculate the primary deformation curve and the secondary deformation curve.

[0053] By using strain gauges and primary deformation curves, the optimal location for opening the through-slot can be determined.

[0054] The machine tool cantilever mechanism is used to adjust the tightness of the screws using strain gauges according to the adjustment method.

[0055] The adjustment method includes:

[0056] Several strain gauges are attached at preset intervals before and after the through groove;

[0057] The wedge mechanism is used to adjust each strain gauge to a state closest to its initial value;

[0058] Add counterweights to the fixed plate in stages according to the sum of the maximum weight of the workpiece to be processed and the processing force;

[0059] Record the deformation values ​​of all strain gauges;

[0060] Fit the secondary deformation curves of the machine tool cantilever mechanism under different counterweights based on the deformation data;

[0061] Adjust the screw tightness of the wedge mechanism according to the deformation secondary curve.

[0062] The adjustment method includes:

[0063] The wedge mechanism is used to adjust each strain gauge to the state closest to its initial value under different counterweights;

[0064] Record the correspondence between the deformation secondary curve and the screw tightness under different counterweights;

[0065] The screw tightness of the wedge mechanism is adjusted during the processing according to the aforementioned correspondence.

[0066] The machine tool cantilever mechanism includes a drive motor, a reducer, and a transmission mechanism. The transmission mechanism is fixed to the screw from below, and the drive motor is used to adjust the tightness of the screw during the machining process using the corresponding relationship.

[0067] Furthermore, a row of screws is provided on the middle wedge block 1013. The tightness of different screws is adjusted in real time according to the different positions of the processing force applied on the cantilever. For example, if the processing focus of the workpiece is located on the left side, then the screws at the corresponding positions on the left side are tightened to achieve dynamic balance compensation at different positions during the further processing.

[0068] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0069] Precise compensation: Reverse pre-deformation is achieved through wedge compression, which can precisely counteract the sagging of the cantilever under its own weight;

[0070] Compact structure: The compensation mechanism is integrated inside the cantilever, without adding extra volume or weight;

[0071] Easy to adjust: The compensation amount can be adjusted by screws to adapt to different working conditions and accuracy requirements;

[0072] Stable accuracy: Maintains the horizontal accuracy of the cantilever over a long period, improving the overall reliability of the equipment;

[0073] Cost-effective: No need to significantly increase material specifications, reducing design and manufacturing costs.

[0074] While specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above, those skilled in the art should understand that these are merely illustrative examples, and the scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims. Those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to these embodiments without departing from the principles and essence of the present invention, but all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A machine tool cantilever mechanism for CNC machine tools, characterized in that, The CNC machine tool includes a column, and the machine tool cantilever mechanism is horizontally mounted on the side of the column. The machine tool cantilever mechanism includes a mounting groove and a wedge mechanism. The mounting groove is located on the bottom surface of the machine tool cantilever mechanism and its length direction is perpendicular to the extension direction of the machine tool cantilever mechanism. The wedge mechanism is fixed to the bottom surface of the mounting groove by screws. When the wedge mechanism is tightened by screws, the wedge mechanism applies pressure to the front and rear side walls of the mounting groove. The direction of the pressure is parallel to the extension direction of the machine tool cantilever mechanism.

2. The machine tool cantilever mechanism as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The mounting groove is a through groove, and the wedge mechanism includes a front wedge, a rear wedge, and a middle wedge. The front wedge is in contact with the inner wall of the front side of the mounting groove, and the rear wedge is in contact with the inner wall of the rear side of the mounting groove. The middle wedge has a screw hole that matches the screw. When the middle wedge is fastened by the screw, the middle wedge applies pressure to the front wedge and the rear wedge respectively.

3. The machine tool cantilever mechanism as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The top of the machine tool cantilever mechanism is provided with a fixing plate, which is fixed to the machine tool cantilever mechanism by a mounting table. The mounting groove is located between the mounting table and the rear end face of the machine tool cantilever mechanism.

4. The machine tool cantilever mechanism as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The bottom surface of the machine tool cantilever mechanism is equipped with strain gauges, which are used to collect the deformation of the bottom surface of the machine tool cantilever mechanism. The machine tool cantilever mechanism is used to obtain the opening position of the through slot according to a preset method using strain gauges.

5. The machine tool cantilever mechanism as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The preset method includes: Several strain gauges are attached to the bottom surface at preset intervals; Add counterweights to the fixed plate in stages according to the sum of the maximum weight of the workpiece to be processed and the processing force; Record the deformation values ​​of all strain gauges; The deformation primary curves of the machine tool cantilever mechanism with different counterweights in the front-rear direction are fitted based on the deformation data; The location of the through slot is determined based on the primary deformation curve.

6. The machine tool cantilever mechanism as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The machine tool cantilever mechanism is used to adjust the tightness of the screws using strain gauges according to the adjustment method.

7. The machine tool cantilever mechanism as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The adjustment method includes: Several strain gauges are attached at preset intervals before and after the through groove; The wedge mechanism is used to adjust each strain gauge to a state closest to its initial value; Add counterweights to the fixed plate in stages according to the sum of the maximum weight of the workpiece to be processed and the processing force; Record the deformation values ​​of all strain gauges; Fit the secondary deformation curves of the machine tool cantilever mechanism under different counterweights based on the deformation data; Adjust the screw tightness of the wedge mechanism according to the deformation secondary curve.

8. The machine tool cantilever mechanism as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The adjustment method includes: The wedge mechanism is used to adjust each strain gauge to the state closest to its initial value under different counterweights; Record the correspondence between the deformation secondary curve and the screw tightness under different counterweights; The screw tightness of the wedge mechanism is adjusted during the processing according to the aforementioned correspondence.

9. The machine tool cantilever mechanism as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The machine tool cantilever mechanism includes a drive motor, a reducer, and a transmission mechanism. The transmission mechanism is fixed to the screw from below, and the drive motor is used to adjust the tightness of the screw during the machining process using the corresponding relationship.

10. A CNC machine tool, characterized in that, The CNC machine tool includes a machine tool cantilever mechanism as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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