Automatic cutting device and cutting method for building decoration plate

Abstract

An automatic cutting device and cutting method for building decoration plates, the device comprising a workbench, a cutter assembly, a positioning assembly and a control system; the workbench comprising a rack and a conveying belt with multiple holes, a vacuum cavity connected with a negative pressure device being arranged below the conveying belt for forming negative pressure adsorption of the decoration plates through the holes; the cutter assembly comprising a support frame, an X-direction guide rail, a Y-direction guide rail, a moving seat and a cutter installed through a mechanical arm, being driven to realize multidirectional movement by a first electric push rod and a second electric push rod; the positioning assembly comprising a width sensor, a reference wheel and a floating abutting plate for pushing the decoration plate to the reference wheel. The present application organically integrates automatic positioning, negative pressure adsorption, flexible compression, multidirectional linkage cutting and follow-up dust removal, and has high cutting precision, strong versatility, low damage, low dust and high efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of building decoration material processing equipment, and in particular to an automatic cutting device and method for building decoration panels. Background Technology

[0002] During the production and construction of architectural decorative panels, cutting and processing according to actual dimensions is usually required. Currently, the industry mainly relies on manual operation or simple mechanical cutting equipment to complete this task, which has revealed many shortcomings in practical applications.

[0003] First, decorative panels are prone to shifting or warping during conveying and cutting, leading to deviations between the cut dimensions and design dimensions. Defects such as burrs and chipping are also common on the cut surfaces, directly impacting subsequent installation and product quality. Second, decorative panels come in various thicknesses and widths. Traditional equipment requires manual readjustment of the positioning mechanism when changing to different panel sizes, which is time-consuming, labor-intensive, and the adjustment accuracy is heavily influenced by the operator's experience, making it difficult to achieve stable and consistent positioning. Third, existing cutting methods lack effective dust control measures, resulting in large amounts of dust permeating the work environment, polluting the workshop and posing a threat to the health of operators.

[0004] Furthermore, although some automated cutting equipment has emerged in recent years, its functional integration is generally low. It often only solves the automation problem of a certain link and fails to organically integrate functions such as automatic positioning, negative pressure adsorption, flexible clamping, follow-up dust removal, and multi-directional cutting into one unit. Because these functional links are disconnected from each other, the overall processing efficiency, accuracy, and yield still cannot meet the requirements of modern production for efficient, high-precision, low-damage, and low-dust automated cutting. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application proposes an automatic cutting device and method for architectural decorative panels. Through conveyor belt transport, vacuum chamber negative pressure adsorption, automatic positioning by a floating backing plate, flexible clamping by a floating pressure plate, multi-directional linkage cutting, and a follow-up dustproof structure, it achieves automatic, precise, stable, low-damage, and low-dust cutting of decorative panels. It aims to solve the technical problems of existing cutting equipment lacking integration of automatic positioning, negative pressure adsorption, flexible clamping, follow-up dust removal, and multi-axis linkage, resulting in low cutting accuracy, low efficiency, significant damage, and excessive dust.

[0006] An automatic cutting device for architectural decorative panels includes:

[0007] A workbench includes a frame and a conveyor belt mounted on the frame. The conveyor belt has multiple holes and is used to carry and transport decorative panels. A vacuum chamber is provided below the conveyor belt. The upper end face of the vacuum chamber is in contact with the conveyor belt and connected to a negative pressure device to form a negative pressure adsorption between the conveyor belt and the decorative panels through the holes in the conveyor belt.

[0008] The tool assembly includes a support frame, Y-axis guide rails on both sides of the frame, X-axis guide rails on the support frame, a movable seat slidably engaged with the X-axis guide rails, and a tool mounted on the movable seat via a robotic arm. The support frame is horizontally mounted above the conveyor belt and slidably engaged with the Y-axis guide rails. The support frame is driven by a first electric push rod to move along the Y-axis guide rails, and the movable seat is driven by a second electric push rod to move along the X-axis guide rails. The robotic arm is used to drive the tool to lift and lower.

[0009] The positioning assembly includes a width sensor, a reference wheel located on one side of the frame, and a floating support plate located on the other side of the frame for pushing the decorative panel toward the reference wheel;

[0010] The control system is connected to the negative pressure device, the first electric push rod, the second electric push rod, the robotic arm, and the width sensor, respectively.

[0011] Furthermore, the floating back plate is connected to a third electric push rod via a spring, and the third electric push rod is controlled by the control system to drive the floating back plate to move towards the reference wheel.

[0012] Furthermore, it also includes four floating pressure plates located on the frame at the four corners of the cutting area. The floating pressure plates are driven to rise and fall by a fourth electric push rod to press down on the four corners of the decorative panel. Each of the floating pressure plates is equipped with a pressure sensor, which is connected to the control system to collect the pressure value applied to the decorative panel by the floating pressure plate.

[0013] Furthermore, it also includes a dust cover disposed around the cutting tool, the dust cover being conical, the upper end of which is connected to the negative pressure device via a pipe laid along the robotic arm.

[0014] Furthermore, the positioning component also includes a thickness sensor, which is connected to the control system. The control system controls the robotic arm to lower the cutter to the upper surface edge of the decorative panel based on the thickness data collected by the thickness sensor. Multiple reference wheels are spaced apart along one side of the frame. The width sensor and the thickness sensor are mounted on the frame and located in the positioning detection area in front of the cutting area along the conveying direction.

[0015] An automatic cutting method for architectural decorative panels, using the automatic cutting device for architectural decorative panels as described above, includes the following steps:

[0016] S1. The conveyor belt carries the decorative panel to the cutting area. When the decorative panel reaches the cutting position, the conveyor belt stops, so that the decorative panel stays in the cutting area.

[0017] S2. The width sensor collects the width data of the decorative panel and sends it to the control system;

[0018] S3. The control system controls the floating backing plate to push the decorative panel towards the reference wheel according to the width data, so that one side edge of the decorative panel fits with the reference wheel, thereby realizing the lateral reference positioning of the decorative panel.

[0019] S4. The control system starts the negative pressure device, which creates negative pressure between the conveyor belt and the decorative panel through the holes on the conveyor belt, thus adsorbing and fixing the decorative panel onto the conveyor belt.

[0020] S5. The control system controls the robotic arm to lower the cutter to the upper edge of the decorative panel.

[0021] S6. The control system controls the first electric push rod and / or the second electric push rod to move, driving the cutter to cut the decorative panel along a preset path;

[0022] S7. After cutting is completed, all components are reset, and the conveyor belt outputs the cut decorative panel.

[0023] Furthermore, in S6, when performing longitudinal cutting, only the first electric push rod moves, driving the cutter to move along the Y direction; when performing transverse cutting, only the second electric push rod moves, driving the cutter to move along the X direction; when performing oblique cutting, the first electric push rod and the second electric push rod move simultaneously at a preset speed ratio, driving the cutter to move along an oblique path.

[0024] Furthermore, the device used also includes floating pressure plates located at the four corners of the cutting area, which are driven to rise and fall by a fourth electric push rod and equipped with pressure sensors;

[0025] After S3, before S4, or simultaneously with S4, the control system controls the fourth electric push rod to drive the floating pressure plate to descend and press the decorative panel. Based on the pressure values ​​collected by each pressure sensor, the system adjusts the extension of the fourth electric push rod in real time to ensure that the pressure applied to the decorative panel by the floating pressure plate does not exceed a preset pressure threshold.

[0026] Furthermore, the device also includes a conical dust cover disposed around the cutting tool and connected to the negative pressure device via a pipe;

[0027] In step S6, while cutting, the negative pressure device continues to work, sucking away the dust generated during cutting through the dust cover and its connected pipes.

[0028] Furthermore, during the cutting process of S6, the control system continuously monitors the positioning and clamping status of the decorative panel. When abnormal pressure or displacement of the decorative panel occurs, the control system stops the cutting action and resets the first electric push rod, the second electric push rod, and the robotic arm, while simultaneously stopping the negative pressure device and issuing an alarm signal.

[0029] The automatic cutting device and method for building decorative panels proposed in this application can significantly improve the cutting accuracy and surface quality of building decorative panels, and effectively eliminate common defects such as burrs and chipped edges. Through a triple fixing system of negative pressure adsorption, lateral reference positioning and four-corner flexible clamping, the decorative panel is constrained locally in the normal, lateral and four-corner directions of the panel surface, which can effectively prevent the decorative panel from shifting, warping or displacing during the cutting process, and ensure accurate dimensions and flat cut surfaces.

[0030] Meanwhile, this solution enables automatic positioning of decorative panels of different widths and adapts to cutting depths of decorative panels of different thicknesses, eliminating the need for tedious manual adjustments. This significantly improves processing efficiency and positioning consistency, and it can adapt to various cutting directions, including vertical, horizontal, and diagonal cuts, demonstrating strong versatility. Furthermore, dust can be collected in real time during the cutting process, preventing dust dispersion, improving the working environment, and protecting the health of operators.

[0031] This application achieves fully automated operation of positioning, pressing, adsorption, cutting and dust removal through the coordinated operation of various functions, effectively reducing the risk of damage to decorative panels and the scrap rate, and comprehensively improving processing efficiency, yield and equipment intelligence level. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 This is a front view of the automatic cutting device for building decorative panels in this application;

[0033] Figure 2 This is a side view of the automatic cutting device for architectural decorative panels in this application.

[0034] In the diagram: 1. Conveyor roller; 2. Conveyor belt; 3. Vacuum chamber; 4. Y-axis guide rail; 5. Support frame; 6. X-axis guide rail; 7. Moving seat; 8. Robotic arm; 9. Cutting tool; 10. Dust cover; 11. Reference wheel; 12. Floating back plate; 13. Spring; 14. Third electric push rod; 15. Floating pressure plate; 16. Decorative panel; 17. Frame. Detailed Implementation

[0035] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. The directional terms used in this specification (such as up, down, left, right, inside, outside, vertical, horizontal, diagonal, etc.) are only used to illustrate relative positional relationships in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and do not constitute a limitation of the invention. The specific numerical values ​​recorded herein are merely exemplary preferred values, and those skilled in the art can adjust them according to actual application requirements.

[0036] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, this application provides an automatic cutting device for architectural decorative panels, including a worktable, a cutting tool assembly, a positioning assembly, and a control system. The decorative panel 16 is an architectural decorative panel to be cut.

[0037] Specifically, the workbench includes a frame 17, a conveyor roller 1, and a conveyor belt 2. The conveyor belt 2 is fitted onto the conveyor roller 1, and the architectural decorative panel (i.e., decorative panel 16) is placed on the conveyor belt 2, allowing it to be conveyed backward under the drive of the conveyor belt 2. Multiple small holes are evenly distributed on the conveyor belt 2. For example... Figure 1 As shown, the conveyor belt 2 is arranged in a horizontal direction, and the decorative panel 16 is placed flat on the upper surface of the conveyor belt 2 and is conveyed horizontally from left to right (i.e. from the feed end to the discharge end) along with the conveyor belt 2.

[0038] A vacuum chamber 3 is provided below the conveyor belt 2 in the cutting area. The upper end face of the vacuum chamber 3 is in contact with the lower surface of the conveyor belt 2, and the vacuum chamber 3 is connected to a negative pressure device. The negative pressure device does not work when the decorative panel 16 is being conveyed normally; when the decorative panel 16 is being cut, the negative pressure device works, creating a negative pressure environment in the vacuum chamber 3. This negative pressure environment is then created between the top of the conveyor belt 2 and the decorative panel 16 through small holes on the conveyor belt 2, allowing the decorative panel 16 to be pressed onto the conveyor belt 2 and preventing the decorative panel 16 from shifting during the cutting process.

[0039] The tool assembly includes a support frame 5, an X-axis guide rail 6, a movable seat 7, and a Y-axis guide rail 4. Y-axis guide rails 4 are respectively provided on both sides of the frame 17. The support frame 5 is horizontally mounted above the conveyor belt 2, with both ends of the support frame 5 slidingly engaged with the Y-axis guide rails 4. The Y-axis guide rails 4 are laid along the conveying direction (i.e., longitudinally) on the left and right sides of the frame 17, while the X-axis guide rails 6 are laid perpendicular to the conveying direction (i.e., transversely) on the support frame 5. The support frame 5 is connected to a first electric push rod. The fixed end of the first electric push rod is installed at the rear end of the frame 17, and the movable end is connected to the middle of the crossbeam of the support frame 5. Under the action of the first electric push rod, the support frame 5 moves along the Y-axis guide rail 4. The support frame 5 is provided with the X-axis guide rail 6, and a movable seat 7 is slidably mounted on the X-axis guide rail 6. The movable seat 7 is connected to a second electric push rod. The fixed end of the second electric push rod is installed at the right end of the support frame 5, and the movable end is connected to the right side wall of the movable seat 7. Under the action of the second electric push rod, the movable seat 7 slides along the X-axis guide rail 6.

[0040] A cutting tool 9 is mounted on the movable base 7 via a robotic arm 8, with the cutting tool 9 located at the end of the robotic arm 8. Thus, when only longitudinal cutting is required, the first electric push rod actuates, moving the cutting tool 9 along the Y-axis (longitudinal); when only transverse cutting is required, the second electric push rod actuates, moving the cutting tool 9 along the X-axis (transverse); when diagonal cutting is required (XY synchronous), the first and second electric push rods actuate simultaneously, moving the cutting tool 9 diagonally. The robotic arm 8 is used to raise and lower the cutting tool 9 to accommodate cutting depths of different thicknesses of the decorative panels 16.

[0041] A dust cover 10 with a tapered structure (smaller at the top and larger at the bottom) is also provided around the cutting tool 9. The larger end of the dust cover 10 faces the cutting area and covers the outer periphery of the cutting tool 9, while the smaller end is connected to a negative pressure device through a pipe. The pipe is laid along the robotic arm 8, so that the dust generated during the cutting process can be sucked away.

[0042] The positioning assembly includes a width sensor, a thickness sensor, reference wheels 11, and a floating support plate 12. The width sensor and thickness sensor are mounted on the frame 17 and located in the positioning detection area in front of the cutting area along the conveying direction. Reference wheels 11 are spaced apart on the left side of the frame 17 (i.e., one side of the frame 17), with multiple reference wheels 11 spaced apart along this side. The floating support plate 12 is located on the right side of the frame 17 (i.e., the other side of the frame 17), and is connected to a third electric push rod 14 via a spring 13. The spring 13 acts as a buffer and adaptive clamping mechanism when the floating support plate 12 contacts the decorative panel 16, ensuring a uniform distribution of lateral thrust and preventing rigid contact damage to the sides of the decorative panel 16.

[0043] Once the decorative panel 16 to be cut has moved to the cutting position, the width sensor collects the width of the decorative panel 16, and the thickness sensor collects the thickness of the decorative panel 16. Based on the width data, the third electric push rod 14 actuates, causing the floating support plate 12 to push the decorative panel 16 closer to the reference wheel 11, pushing the left side of the decorative panel 16 to be cut to fit against the surface of the reference wheel 11, so that the decorative panel 16 reaches the positioning position of the reference wheel. Based on the thickness data, the robotic arm 8 moves the cutter 9 downward to the edge of the decorative panel 16, ready to cut. Then the first and second electric push rods actuate, driving the cutter 9 to cut along a preset path.

[0044] Four floating pressure plates 15 are also provided on the frame 17, located at the four corners of the cutting area, for pressing down on the four corners of the decorative panel 16. Each floating pressure plate 15 is equipped with a pressure sensor to collect pressure values ​​and prevent damage to the decorative panel 16. The floating pressure plates 15 are driven to rise and fall by a fourth electric push rod. The fixed end of the fourth electric push rod is respectively installed on the brackets at the four corners of the cutting area on the frame 17, and each movable end is vertically connected to the corresponding floating pressure plate 15; the fourth electric push rod is not labeled in the figure.

[0045] The control system can be a PLC control system, which is connected to the negative pressure equipment, the first electric push rod, the second electric push rod, the third electric push rod 14, the fourth electric push rod, the robotic arm 8, the width sensor, the thickness sensor and each pressure sensor, respectively. It is used to receive data from each sensor and control the actions of each actuator to achieve automatic positioning, pressing, adsorption, cutting and dust removal in a coordinated manner.

[0046] This application also proposes an automatic cutting method based on the above-mentioned device, the specific implementation process of which is as follows.

[0047] S1. The conveyor belt carries the decorative panel to the cutting area. When the decorative panel reaches the cutting position, the conveyor belt stops, so that the decorative panel stays in the cutting area.

[0048] After the device is started, the control system automatically completes initialization, and all components are reset to their initial working positions: the first electric push rod, the second electric push rod, the third electric push rod 14, and the fourth electric push rod are all in the retracted state, the floating back plate 12 is away from the reference wheel 11, the four floating pressure plates 15 are in the raised state, the robotic arm 8 drives the cutter 9 to reset to the initial standby position above the cutting area, the negative pressure equipment is in standby state and does not start working, ensuring that the conveyor belt 2 can move freely, the conical dust cover 10 is in the standby position with the cutter 9, and the pipeline is kept unobstructed; the building decoration panel to be cut is conveyed backward from the feed end of the conveyor belt 2 and moves synchronously with the conveyor belt 2.

[0049] S2. The width sensor collects the width data of the decorative panel and sends it to the control system.

[0050] When the decorative panel 16 moves to the positioning and detection area (located in front of the cutting area), the thickness sensor and width sensor are activated: the thickness sensor collects the thickness data of the decorative panel 16 in real time, and the width sensor collects the width data of the decorative panel 16 in real time. Both types of data are simultaneously transmitted to the PLC control system. The control system analyzes and processes the collected thickness and width data, compares it with the preset cutting size parameters, and automatically calculates the advancing distance of the floating support plate 12, the descending height of the robotic arm 8, and the cutting path of the cutter 9, providing data support for subsequent positioning and cutting actions. When the decorative panel 16 is conveyed to the preset cutting position by the conveyor belt 2, the control system issues a stop command, the conveyor roller 1 and the conveyor belt 2 stop operating, and the decorative panel 16 precisely stops at the center position of the cutting area.

[0051] S3. The control system controls the floating backing plate to push the decorative panel towards the reference wheel according to the width data, so that one side edge of the decorative panel fits with the reference wheel, thereby realizing the lateral reference positioning of the decorative panel.

[0052] The control system sends a drive signal to the third electric push rod 14 based on the width data collected by the width sensor. The third electric push rod 14 slowly extends and drives the floating back plate 12 to move to the left side of the frame 17 via the spring 13. During the movement, the floating back plate 12 gradually comes into contact with the right edge of the decorative panel 16. Under the elastic action of the spring 13, the surface of the floating back plate 12 applies a continuous and uniform lateral thrust to the right edge of the decorative panel 16, pushing the decorative panel 16 toward the reference wheel 11 on the left until the left edge of the decorative panel 16 is tightly in contact with the surface of the reference wheel 11, thus achieving lateral reference positioning of the decorative panel 16 and ensuring that the cutting reference of the decorative panel 16 is consistent, avoiding positioning deviation. After positioning is completed, the third electric push rod 14 remains extended, and the spring 13 is always in a slightly compressed state, so that the floating back plate 12 continuously applies a flexible lateral force to the decorative panel 16, preventing the decorative panel 16 from lateral displacement during subsequent cutting, and avoiding rigid compression that could cause scratches on the side of the decorative panel 16.

[0053] As a preferred implementation, after the floating backing plate 12 is positioned, the control system synchronously sends drive signals to the four fourth electric push rods. The fourth electric push rods slowly extend, driving the four floating point pressure plates 15 to descend synchronously, respectively pressing against the four corners of the cutting area. The pressure sensor on each floating point pressure plate 15 collects pressure data in real time and feeds the data back to the control system. The control system adjusts the extension amount of the fourth electric push rod in real time according to the preset pressure threshold to ensure that the pressure applied by the floating point pressure plate 15 to the four corners of the decorative panel 16 is uniform and moderate. This can firmly fix the decorative panel 16 while avoiding excessive pressure that could cause indentations or damage to the surface of the decorative panel 16. It is especially suitable for decorative panels 16 with high surface precision requirements, such as high-gloss panels and laminated panels.

[0054] S4. The control system starts the negative pressure device, which is connected to the vacuum chamber 3 and the dust cover 10 through pipelines respectively; wherein, the pipeline connected to the vacuum chamber 3 is opened, and negative pressure is formed between the conveyor belt and the decorative panel through the holes on the conveyor belt, so as to adsorb and fix the decorative panel on the conveyor belt.

[0055] After the floating pressure plate 15 is pressed, the control system starts the negative pressure equipment, which begins to work and creates a stable negative pressure environment in the vacuum chamber 3. Since the surface of the conveyor belt 2 has multiple small holes, the negative pressure of the vacuum chamber 3 is transmitted to the top of the conveyor belt 2 through the small holes, forming a negative pressure adsorption force with the bottom of the decorative panel 16, which firmly adsorbs the decorative panel 16 onto the conveyor belt 2, further fixing the decorative panel 16 and preventing it from warping or shifting during the cutting process, thus ensuring cutting accuracy.

[0056] S5. The control system controls the robotic arm to lower the cutting tool to the upper edge of the decorative panel.

[0057] After the decorative panel 16 is fixed, the control system sends an adjustment signal to the robotic arm 8 based on the thickness data collected by the thickness sensor. The robotic arm 8 drives the cutter 9 to move slowly downward until the blade of the cutter 9 is in contact with the upper surface edge of the decorative panel 16, thus completing the automatic adaptation of the cutting height. This ensures that the cutting depth of the cutter 9 is accurate and avoids damage to the decorative panel 16 caused by incomplete or excessive cutting.

[0058] S6. The control system controls the first electric push rod and / or the second electric push rod to move, driving the cutter to cut the decorative panel along a preset path.

[0059] After the cutting tool 9 is adjusted, the control system controls the first and second electric push rods to work together according to the preset cutting requirements, driving the cutting tool 9 to cut along the preset path:

[0060] If longitudinal cutting is required, only the first electric push rod is activated, driving the support frame 5 to move at a constant speed along the Y-guide rail 4, which in turn drives the cutter 9 to move in the longitudinal direction (i.e., the Y direction) to complete the longitudinal cutting of the decorative panel 16.

[0061] If a transverse cut is required, only the second electric push rod is activated, causing the moving seat 7 to move at a constant speed along the X-guide rail 6, which in turn causes the cutter 9 to move in the transverse direction (i.e., the X direction), thus completing the transverse cut of the decorative panel 16.

[0062] If a diagonal cut is required, the first electric push rod and the second electric push rod move simultaneously, and the two work together according to a preset speed ratio to drive the cutter 9 to move along the diagonal path and complete the diagonal cut of the decorative panel 16. The cutting angle can be freely preset by the control system.

[0063] During the cutting process, the robotic arm 8 remains stable, ensuring that the cutting posture of the tool 9 remains unchanged, further improving the flatness of the cutting surface and the cutting accuracy.

[0064] During cutting, the negative pressure equipment maintains continuous operation, and the conical dust cover 10 around the cutter 9 moves synchronously with the cutter 9 and functions in sync. The dust generated during cutting enters the pipeline through the opening of the conical dust cover 10, and is then sucked out by the same negative pressure equipment through the pipeline laid along the robotic arm 8, realizing real-time collection of cutting dust, avoiding dust diffusion and pollution of the working environment, and protecting the health of the operators.

[0065] During the cutting process, the control system monitors the operating status of each component in real time. The pressure sensor continuously feeds back the pressure data of the floating point pressure plate 15, and the thickness sensor and width sensor continuously monitor the position of the decorative panel 16. If any pressure abnormality or displacement of the decorative panel 16 occurs, the control system immediately interrupts the current cutting process, stops the cutting action, and the negative pressure equipment, the first electric push rod, the second electric push rod, and the robotic arm 8 are reset synchronously. At the same time, an alarm signal is issued to remind the operator to troubleshoot the fault.

[0066] S7. After cutting is completed, all components are reset, and the conveyor belt outputs the cut decorative panel.

[0067] After the cutting tool 9 completes the cutting along the preset path, the control system issues a reset command. The first and second electric push rods retract, driving the cutting tool 9, the moving seat 7, and the support frame 5 back to their initial standby positions. The robotic arm 8 moves the cutting tool 9 upwards, away from the cut decorative panel 16. The fourth electric push rod retracts, causing the four floating pressure plates 15 to rise synchronously and detach from the surface of the decorative panel 16. The third electric push rod 14 retracts, causing the floating support plate 12 to move away from the decorative panel 16, releasing the lateral positioning of the decorative panel 16. The negative pressure equipment stops working, the negative pressure in the vacuum chamber 3 disappears, and the adsorption and fixation of the decorative panel 16 is released. After confirming that all components have been reset to their initial positions, the control system issues a discharge command. The conveyor roller 1 rotates again, driving the conveyor belt 2 to continue conveying backwards, transporting the cut decorative panel to the discharge end of the conveyor belt 2 (i.e., the end of the conveyor belt). The operator collects the finished decorative panel 16 at the discharge end. At the same time, the feeding end synchronously transports the next decorative panel 16 to be cut backwards. The device automatically repeats the above workflow, realizing continuous automated cutting and significantly improving processing efficiency.

[0068] Through the above-mentioned device and method, the present invention realizes the integrated automatic operation of positioning, pressing, adsorption, cutting and dust removal, and has significant advantages such as high cutting accuracy, strong versatility, automatic positioning, flexible and low damage, real-time dust removal and high processing efficiency.

[0069] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of this application has the following beneficial effects:

[0070] This application proposes an automatic cutting device and method for architectural decorative panels. A vacuum chamber, combined with small holes in the conveyor belt, creates negative pressure adsorption, firmly fixing the decorative panel during cutting. Simultaneously, a floating backing plate provides lateral reference positioning, and the floating pressure plate clamps the panels at the four corners, achieving multiple layers of fixation. This effectively prevents the decorative panel from shifting, warping, or moving during cutting, significantly improving cutting dimensional accuracy and surface quality. Furthermore, the X-axis and Y-axis electric push rods are linked, enabling the device to perform vertical, horizontal, and diagonal cutting. The cutting angle can be freely preset by the control system, achieving multi-purpose functionality and adapting to longitudinal, horizontal, and diagonal cutting needs at any angle, demonstrating strong versatility.

[0071] In the positioning stage, a width sensor, in conjunction with a floating support plate, automatically positions decorative panels of different sizes. The floating support plate, connected by springs, enables flexible propulsion, preventing scratches on the sides of the decorative panels. A thickness sensor provides data support to the robotic arm, automatically adapting to the cutting depth. Four floating pressure plates, working with pressure sensors, can adjust the clamping force in real time according to preset pressure thresholds, ensuring reliable fixation while avoiding damage to the panel surface. This is particularly suitable for decorative panels with high surface finish requirements, such as high-gloss panels and laminated panels. A conical dust cover moves synchronously with the cutter, continuously removing dust to prevent dust spread and protect the working environment and operator health. The entire process achieves fully automated, unattended operation. Positioning, clamping, adsorption, cutting, and dust removal are all coordinated, resulting in high processing efficiency, high yield, and effectively reducing material waste and rework costs.

[0072] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic cutting device for architectural decorative panels, characterized in that, include: A workbench includes a frame and a conveyor belt mounted on the frame. The conveyor belt has multiple holes and is used to carry and transport decorative panels. A vacuum chamber is provided below the conveyor belt. The upper end face of the vacuum chamber is in contact with the conveyor belt and connected to a negative pressure device to form a negative pressure adsorption between the conveyor belt and the decorative panels through the holes in the conveyor belt. The tool assembly includes a support frame, Y-axis guide rails on both sides of the frame, X-axis guide rails on the support frame, a movable seat slidably engaged with the X-axis guide rails, and a tool mounted on the movable seat via a robotic arm. The support frame is horizontally mounted above the conveyor belt and slidably engaged with the Y-axis guide rails. The support frame is driven by a first electric push rod to move along the Y-axis guide rails, and the movable seat is driven by a second electric push rod to move along the X-axis guide rails. The robotic arm is used to drive the tool to lift and lower. The positioning assembly includes a width sensor, a reference wheel located on one side of the frame, and a floating support plate located on the other side of the frame for pushing the decorative panel toward the reference wheel; The control system is connected to the negative pressure device, the first electric push rod, the second electric push rod, the robotic arm, and the width sensor, respectively.

2. The automatic cutting device for building decorative panels according to claim 1, characterized in that, The floating back plate is connected to the third electric push rod via a spring. The third electric push rod is controlled by the control system to move the floating back plate toward the reference wheel.

3. The automatic cutting device for building decorative panels according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes four floating pressure plates located on the frame at the four corners of the cutting area. The floating pressure plates are driven to rise and fall by a fourth electric push rod to press down on the four corners of the decorative panel. Each of the floating pressure plates is equipped with a pressure sensor, which is connected to the control system to collect the pressure value applied to the decorative panel by the floating pressure plate.

4. The automatic cutting device for building decorative panels according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a dust cover around the cutting tool, the dust cover being conical, with its upper end connected to the negative pressure device via a pipe laid along the robotic arm.

5. The automatic cutting device for building decorative panels according to claim 1, characterized in that, The positioning component also includes a thickness sensor, which is connected to the control system. The control system controls the robotic arm to lower the cutter to the upper surface edge of the decorative panel based on the thickness data collected by the thickness sensor. Multiple reference wheels are spaced apart along one side of the frame; the width sensor and the thickness sensor are mounted on the frame and located in the positioning and detection area in front of the cutting area along the conveying direction.

6. An automatic cutting method for architectural decorative panels, employing the automatic cutting device for architectural decorative panels as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. The conveyor belt carries the decorative panel to the cutting area. When the decorative panel reaches the cutting position, the conveyor belt stops, so that the decorative panel stays in the cutting area. S2. The width sensor collects the width data of the decorative panel and sends it to the control system; S3. The control system controls the floating backing plate to push the decorative panel towards the reference wheel according to the width data, so that one side edge of the decorative panel fits with the reference wheel, thereby realizing the lateral reference positioning of the decorative panel. S4. The control system starts the negative pressure device, which creates negative pressure between the conveyor belt and the decorative panel through the holes on the conveyor belt, thus adsorbing and fixing the decorative panel onto the conveyor belt. S5. The control system controls the robotic arm to lower the cutter to the upper edge of the decorative panel. S6. The control system controls the first electric push rod and / or the second electric push rod to move, driving the cutter to cut the decorative panel along a preset path; S7. After cutting is completed, all components are reset, and the conveyor belt outputs the cut decorative panel.

7. The automatic cutting method for building decorative panels according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step S6, when making a longitudinal cut, only the first electric push rod moves, causing the cutter to move along the Y direction; when making a transverse cut, only the second electric push rod moves, causing the cutter to move along the X direction; when making an oblique cut, the first electric push rod and the second electric push rod move simultaneously at a preset speed ratio, causing the cutter to move along an oblique path.

8. The automatic cutting method for building decorative panels according to claim 6, characterized in that, The device used also includes floating pressure plates located at the four corners of the cutting area, which are driven to rise and fall by the fourth electric push rod and equipped with pressure sensors. After S3, before S4, or simultaneously with S4, the control system controls the fourth electric push rod to drive the floating pressure plate to descend and press the decorative panel. Based on the pressure values ​​collected by each pressure sensor, the system adjusts the extension of the fourth electric push rod in real time to ensure that the pressure applied to the decorative panel by the floating pressure plate does not exceed a preset pressure threshold.

9. The automatic cutting method for building decorative panels according to claim 6, characterized in that, The device also includes a conical dust cover located around the cutting tool and connected to the negative pressure equipment via a pipe; In step S6, while cutting, the negative pressure device continues to work, sucking away the dust generated during cutting through the dust cover and its connected pipes.

10. The automatic cutting method for building decorative panels according to claim 6, characterized in that, During the cutting process of S6, the control system continuously monitors the positioning and clamping status of the decorative panel. When abnormal pressure or displacement of the decorative panel occurs, the control system stops the cutting action and resets the first electric push rod, the second electric push rod, and the robotic arm. At the same time, the negative pressure equipment stops working and an alarm signal is issued.

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