Preparation equipment and process of extrusion composite wire reinforced automobile friction material

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of extrusion rubber composite wire reinforced automobile friction material preparation equipment and process thereof, equipment includes extrusion mechanism, multichannel composite die head, reinforcing fiber unwinding mechanism and pre-pressing forming mechanism. Multichannel composite die head is sequentially arranged along fiber conveying direction inside adjustment glue runner, matrix glue runner, reinforcing glue runner and wear-resistant glue runner, so that continuous reinforcing fiber completes multilayer glue coating in sequence, and forms composite material with gradient structure;Cooling ring is arranged between each glue runner, and the formed glue layer is quickly shaped to reduce interlayer mixing. Composite material is continuously compacted, thickness is determined by two-stage pre-pressing mechanism, and friction material strip is formed, the application realizes that reinforcing fiber and functional glue layer are continuously gradient composite, improves the structural stability of friction material, wear resistance and thermal stability, and is suitable for continuous preparation of automobile friction material.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to an extrusion composite line reinforced friction material preparation equipment and process for automobiles. Background Technology

[0002] Existing automotive friction materials are typically prepared using methods such as mixing, molding, or lamination. In traditional preparation processes, reinforcing fibers, matrix compounds, and functional fillers are usually pre-mixed before molding. Due to differences in flow properties, density, and curing characteristics among different material components, reinforcing fibers are prone to shifting, agglomerating, or unevenly distributing during molding, reducing the consistency of the internal structure of the friction material. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a preparation equipment and process that can realize the continuous gradient composite of reinforcing fibers and functional adhesive layers, so as to improve the structural stability, wear resistance and thermal stability of friction materials.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention is: an extrusion composite line reinforced friction material preparation equipment for automobiles, comprising an extrusion mechanism, a multi-channel composite die, a reinforcing fiber unwinding mechanism, and a pre-compression molding mechanism; The extrusion mechanism includes a conditioning rubber extruder, a base rubber extruder, a reinforcing rubber extruder, and a wear-resistant rubber extruder; The multi-channel composite die head is provided with an extrusion channel extending along the direction of reinforcing fiber conveying. The front end of the extrusion channel is the inlet end, and the rear end is the outlet end. The central area of ​​the extrusion channel forms a fiber inlet channel for continuous fiber bundles to pass through. The extrusion channel is provided with six composite channels with increasing inner diameters in sequence along the conveying direction of the continuous fiber bundle. The six composite channels are provided with a first regulating adhesive channel, a matrix adhesive channel, a second regulating adhesive channel, a reinforcing adhesive channel, a third regulating adhesive channel, and a wear-resistant adhesive channel in sequence. The first regulating adhesive channel, the second regulating adhesive channel, and the third regulating adhesive channel are respectively connected to the regulating adhesive extruder; the matrix adhesive channel is connected to the matrix adhesive extruder; the reinforcing adhesive channel is connected to the reinforcing adhesive extruder; and the abrasion-resistant adhesive channel is connected to the abrasion-resistant adhesive extruder. The reinforcing fiber unwinding mechanism is located on one side of the inlet end of the multi-channel composite die head and is used to continuously feed reinforcing fibers into the fiber inlet channel. The pre-compression molding mechanism is located on one side of the outlet end of the multi-channel composite die head, and is used to press the cylindrical gradient composite material output by the multi-channel composite die head into a continuous strip step by step.

[0005] Furthermore, the first regulating adhesive channel, the matrix adhesive channel, the second regulating adhesive channel, the reinforcing adhesive channel, the third regulating adhesive channel, and the abrasion-resistant adhesive channel are all concave annular channels arranged around the fiber inlet channel, and each annular channel forms a circumferential adhesive outlet area on the side facing the fiber inlet channel.

[0006] Furthermore, the first regulating adhesive flow channel, the second regulating adhesive flow channel, and the third regulating adhesive flow channel are each connected to the regulating adhesive extruder through independent connecting channels; The matrix adhesive channel, the reinforcing adhesive channel, and the abrasion-resistant adhesive channel are respectively connected to the matrix adhesive extruder, the reinforcing adhesive extruder, and the abrasion-resistant adhesive extruder through corresponding connecting channels.

[0007] Furthermore, the discharge ends of the regulating rubber extruder, the matrix rubber extruder, the reinforcing rubber extruder, and the abrasion-resistant rubber extruder are respectively equipped with metering pumps, which are used to adjust the output of the regulating rubber, the matrix rubber, the reinforcing rubber, and the abrasion-resistant rubber respectively.

[0008] Furthermore, between the reinforcing fiber unwinding mechanism and the inlet end of the multi-channel composite die, a fiber tension controller, a fiber impregnation device, a fiber guiding device, and a fiber bundler are sequentially arranged along the conveying direction of the reinforcing fiber. The fiber tension controller is used to adjust the conveying tension of the reinforcing fiber, the fiber impregnation device is used to perform surface impregnation treatment on the reinforcing fiber, the fiber guiding device is used to limit the conveying direction of the reinforcing fiber, and the fiber bundler is used to organize the reinforcing fiber into a continuous fiber bundle and guide the continuous fiber bundle into the fiber inlet channel.

[0009] Furthermore, a cooling ring is provided between each of the two adjacent composite channels. The cooling ring is arranged around the fiber inlet channel and has a cooling water circulation channel inside. It is used to cool and shape the outer surface of the rubber layer after the single-layer rubber coating is completed, so that a surface shaping layer is formed on the outer surface of the rubber layer, and the residual heat inside the rubber layer can be retained to promote the softening of the surface shaping layer.

[0010] Furthermore, the pre-compression forming mechanism includes a conveyor belt and a guide roller group, a primary pre-compression roller group, a secondary pre-compression roller group, and a traction roller group arranged sequentially above the conveyor belt along the conveying direction of the conveyor belt; The feeding end of the conveyor belt is arranged corresponding to the outlet end of the multi-channel composite die head, the guide roller set is used for guiding the cylindrical gradient composite material to the conveyor belt, the primary pre-pressing roller set is used for preliminarily flattening the cylindrical gradient composite material, the secondary pre-pressing roller set is used for compacting and sizing the preliminarily flattened gradient composite material, and the traction roller set is used for drawing the formed continuous strip.

[0011] Further, the primary pre-pressing roller set and the secondary pre-pressing roller set each comprise a pressing roller, the pressing rollers are respectively connected to the frame in a liftable manner through a driving assembly, and the driving assembly is a screw lifting mechanism; A primary pre-pressing nip is formed between the pressing roller of the primary pre-pressing roller set and the conveyor belt, a secondary pre-pressing nip is formed between the pressing roller of the secondary pre-pressing roller set and the conveyor belt, and the primary pre-pressing nip is larger than the secondary pre-pressing nip.

[0012] A processing technology for reinforced automotive friction material of a glue extrusion composite line matched with the preparation equipment comprises the following steps: Step 1: respectively adding the adjusting rubber material, base rubber material, reinforcing rubber material and wear-resistant rubber material into an adjusting rubber extruder, a base rubber extruder, a reinforcing rubber extruder and a wear-resistant rubber extruder, and preheating each extruder and the multi-channel composite die head; Step 2: continuously outputting the reinforcing fiber through a reinforcing fiber unwinding mechanism, and subjecting the reinforcing fiber to tension adjustment, surface impregnation, guiding and bundling treatment to form a continuous fiber bundle; Step 3: introducing the continuous fiber bundle into the fiber introduction channel from the inlet end of the multi-channel composite die head, and making the continuous fiber bundle move continuously towards the outlet end along the fiber introduction channel; Step 4: conveying corresponding rubber materials to the first adjusting rubber flow channel, the base rubber flow channel, the second adjusting rubber flow channel, the reinforcing rubber flow channel, the third adjusting rubber flow channel and the wear-resistant rubber flow channel respectively, so that the continuous fiber bundle sequentially passes through the rubber material flow fields formed by the respective rubber materials, and a first adjusting rubber layer, a base rubber layer, a second adjusting rubber layer, a reinforcing rubber layer, a third adjusting rubber layer and a wear-resistant rubber layer are sequentially formed on the outer periphery of the continuous fiber bundle from inside to outside, to obtain a cylindrical gradient composite material; According to the advancing position of the continuous fiber bundle in the multi-channel composite die head, the rubber material supply of the first adjusting rubber flow channel, the base rubber flow channel, the second adjusting rubber flow channel, the reinforcing rubber flow channel, the third adjusting rubber flow channel and the wear-resistant rubber flow channel is started in sequence, so that the moment when each rubber material starts to output matches the moment when the continuous fiber bundle reaches the corresponding flow channel; the start interval between adjacent rubber flow channels is determined according to the axial distance between adjacent rubber flow channels, the conveying speed of the continuous fiber bundle and the feeding response time of the corresponding metering pump; After each layer of adhesive is coated, the outer surface of the adhesive layer is briefly cooled by a corresponding cooling ring to form a surface shaping layer before the next layer of adhesive is coated. The short-term cooling allows residual heat to be retained inside the rubber layer. The surface shaping layer softens under the influence of the residual heat inside the rubber layer and the heat of the subsequent coating rubber during the continuous fiber bundle is transported backward. Step 5: Output the cylindrical gradient composite material from the outlet end of the multi-channel composite die head, and perform primary and secondary pre-compression sequentially to flatten, compact, and fix the thickness of the cylindrical gradient composite material to form a continuous friction material strip.

[0013] Furthermore, in step five, the first-stage pre-compression uses a pre-compression roller gap larger than that of the second-stage pre-compression to gradually flatten the cylindrical gradient composite material and expel the air between the adhesive layers; the second-stage pre-compression further compacts and fixes the thickness of the gradient composite material after the first-stage pre-compression.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: The present invention adopts a processing method that combines continuous online conveying of reinforcing fibers, layer-by-layer coating of multiple adhesives, rapid shaping of the adhesive surface, and two-stage online pre-compression, so that the reinforcing fibers maintain a relatively stable position inside the adhesive, reducing the risk of reinforcing fiber drift, agglomeration, and local loss during traditional mixing and molding processes; By layering the base adhesive layer, the reinforcing adhesive layer, and the wear-resistant adhesive layer, functional designs can be made according to the stress and wear states of different depth regions of the friction material. By setting an adjustment adhesive layer between adjacent functional adhesive layers, abrupt changes in material properties can be reduced, interlayer bonding performance can be improved, and the risk of thermal stress concentration and interlayer delamination can be reduced. Each rubber compound is extruded and metered independently, which reduces material waste caused by premixing multiple rubber compounds and facilitates the adjustment of the thickness of each functional rubber layer. The surface of each rubber layer is quickly shaped by the cooling ring, which can improve the stability of the gradient layer structure. The pressure control of the primary and secondary pre-compression roller groups can improve the thickness consistency, structural density and production stability of the continuous strip. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the multi-channel composite mold head in this invention; Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Enlarged view of section A in the middle; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the outlet end of the multi-channel composite die head in this invention; Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the composite material after molding in this invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the final product of the present invention.

[0016] In the diagram: 1. Multi-channel composite die head; 2. Reinforcing fiber unwinding mechanism; 3. Adjusting adhesive extruder; 4. Matrix adhesive extruder; 5. Reinforcing adhesive extruder; 6. Abrasion-resistant adhesive extruder; 7. First adjusting adhesive channel; 8. Matrix adhesive channel; 9. Second adjusting adhesive channel; 10. Reinforcing adhesive channel; 11. Third adjusting adhesive channel; 12. Abrasion-resistant adhesive channel; 13. Fiber bundle; 14. First adjusting adhesive layer; 15. Matrix adhesive layer; 16. Second adjusting adhesive layer; 17. Reinforcing adhesive layer; 18. Third adjusting adhesive layer; 19. Abrasion-resistant adhesive layer; 20. Fiber tension controller; 21. Fiber impregnation device; 22. Fiber guiding device; 23. Fiber bundler; 24. Fiber reinforcing core; 25. Cooling ring; 26. Conveyor belt; 27. Guide roller group; 28. First-stage pre-compression roller group; 29. ​​Second-stage pre-compression roller group; 30. Traction roller group. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below through embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0018] Combination Figure 1-6 As shown, an extrusion composite line reinforced friction material preparation equipment for automobiles includes an extrusion mechanism, a multi-channel composite die 1, a reinforcing fiber unwinding mechanism 2, and a pre-compression molding mechanism. The extrusion mechanism includes a conditioning rubber extruder 3, a matrix rubber extruder 4, a reinforcing rubber extruder 5, and a wear-resistant rubber extruder 6, which are used to feed conditioning rubber, matrix rubber, reinforcing rubber, and wear-resistant rubber to the multi-channel composite die head 1, respectively. The discharge ends of the conditioning rubber extruder 3, matrix rubber extruder 4, reinforcing rubber extruder 5, and wear-resistant rubber extruder 6 are respectively equipped with metering pumps to independently adjust the output pressure and output per unit time of different rubber materials. Combination Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the multi-channel composite die head 1 is provided with an extrusion channel extending along the conveying direction of the fiber bundle 13. The front end of the extrusion channel is the inlet end, and the rear end is the outlet end. The central area of ​​the extrusion channel forms a fiber inlet channel for the continuous fiber bundle 13 to pass through. The extrusion channel has six composite channels with increasing inner diameter arranged sequentially from front to back along the fiber bundle 13 conveying direction. The six composite channels are respectively provided with a first regulating adhesive channel 7, a matrix adhesive channel 8, a second regulating adhesive channel 9, a reinforcing adhesive channel 10, a third regulating adhesive channel 11, and a wear-resistant adhesive channel 12. The first regulating adhesive channel 7, the matrix adhesive channel 8, the second regulating adhesive channel 9, the reinforcing adhesive channel 10, the third regulating adhesive channel 11, and the abrasion-resistant adhesive channel 12 are all concave annular channels arranged around the fiber inlet channel; each annular channel forms a circumferential adhesive outlet area on the side facing the fiber inlet channel, so that the adhesive can be uniformly coated around the fiber bundle 13, while avoiding the channel structure from hindering the continuous passage of the fiber bundle 13. The first regulating adhesive channel 7, the second regulating adhesive channel 9, and the third regulating adhesive channel 11 are connected to the regulating adhesive extruder 3 through independent connecting channels; the matrix adhesive channel 8 is connected to the matrix adhesive extruder 4 through a corresponding connecting channel; the reinforcing adhesive channel 10 is connected to the reinforcing adhesive extruder 5 through a corresponding connecting channel; and the abrasion-resistant adhesive channel 12 is connected to the abrasion-resistant adhesive extruder 6 through a corresponding connecting channel. By controlling the supply of different adhesive materials by each metering pump, the thickness of the first adjusting adhesive layer 14, the base adhesive layer 15, the second adjusting adhesive layer 16, the reinforcing adhesive layer 17, the third adjusting adhesive layer 18 and the wear-resistant adhesive layer 19 can be adjusted independently, thereby adjusting the thickness ratio of each functional adhesive layer according to the performance requirements of different areas of the friction material. Between the inlet end of the reinforcing fiber unwinding mechanism 2 and the multi-channel composite die head 1, a fiber tension controller 20, a fiber impregnation device 21, a fiber guiding device 22 and a fiber bundler 23 are sequentially arranged along the reinforcing fiber conveying direction. The fiber tension controller 20 is used to adjust the conveying tension during the unwinding process of the reinforcing fiber, so that the reinforcing fiber is conveyed continuously and smoothly; the fiber impregnation device 21 is used to attach impregnation treatment liquid to the surface of the reinforcing fiber to improve the interfacial bonding performance between the reinforcing fiber and the first conditioning adhesive layer 14; the fiber guiding device 22 is used to limit the conveying direction of the reinforcing fiber; the fiber bundler 23 is used to organize the dispersed reinforcing fiber into a continuous fiber bundle 13 with a relatively stable cross-section, and to center and guide the continuous fiber bundle 13 into the multi-channel composite die head 1; like Figure 5 As shown, the reinforcing fiber is continuously output by the reinforcing fiber unwinding mechanism 2, and after the tension is adjusted by the fiber tension controller 20, it enters the fiber impregnation device 21 for surface impregnation treatment. Then it is guided by the fiber guiding device 22, and after being bundled by the fiber bundler 23, it is continuously input into the multi-channel composite die head 1. The continuous fiber bundle 13 moves towards the outlet end along the fiber inlet channel within the multi-channel composite die head 1, and sequentially passes through the first regulating adhesive channel 7, the matrix adhesive channel 8, the second regulating adhesive channel 9, the reinforcing adhesive channel 10, the third regulating adhesive channel 11, and the wear-resistant adhesive channel 12; the adhesive material in each channel is output along the circumference of the fiber bundle 13, thereby forming the first regulating adhesive layer 14, the matrix adhesive layer 15, the second regulating adhesive layer 16, the reinforcing adhesive layer 17, the third regulating adhesive layer 18, and the wear-resistant adhesive layer 19 on the surface of the fiber bundle 13 from the inside out; The first conditioning adhesive layer 14 is used to improve the bonding strength between the reinforcing fiber and the matrix adhesive layer 15; the second conditioning adhesive layer 16 is used to improve the interfacial compatibility between the matrix adhesive layer 15 and the reinforcing adhesive layer 17; and the third conditioning adhesive layer 18 is used to improve the bonding performance between the reinforcing adhesive layer 17 and the wear-resistant adhesive layer 19. By setting multiple conditioning adhesive layers, the changes in hardness and curing shrinkage properties of adjacent functional adhesives can be reduced, thereby reducing interlayer delamination and thermal stress concentration. The molded composite material comprises, from the inside out, a fiber-reinforced core 24, a first conditioning adhesive layer 14, a matrix adhesive layer 15, a second conditioning adhesive layer 16, a reinforcing adhesive layer 17, a third conditioning adhesive layer 18, and a wear-resistant adhesive layer 19, thereby forming a gradient composite structure with a clear hierarchical distribution. Combination Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, each composite channel is provided with a cooling ring 25 at its downstream end. The cooling ring 25 is arranged around the fiber inlet channel, and a cooling water circulation channel is formed inside or around its periphery. The cooling water circulation channel is connected to the cooling water supply pipeline and the return pipeline respectively, so that the cooling water circulates in the cooling ring 25. After each layer of adhesive is coated, the fiber bundle 13 passes through a corresponding cooling ring 25. The cooling ring 25 rapidly cools the outer surface of the current adhesive layer in a short time, so that a thin surface shaping layer is formed on the outer surface of the adhesive layer. The surface shaping layer can support and shape the formed rubber layer during the subsequent rubber coating process, preventing the previous rubber layer from deforming, sagging, and shifting circumferentially due to its own weight, extrusion pressure, or impact from the subsequent rubber. It also reduces the problem of premature mixing of adjacent rubber layers in the multi-channel composite die head 1, so that a gradient structure with relatively clear boundaries is formed between each rubber layer. The cooling ring 25 only cools the outer surface of the rubber layer for a short time, while the interior of the rubber layer still retains a certain amount of residual heat. As the fiber bundle 13 continues to be transported backward, the surface shaping layer gradually softens under the action of the residual heat of the internal rubber and the heat of the subsequent rubber, so that the adjacent rubber layers maintain the necessary bonding ability and will not have an adverse effect on the subsequent pre-compression molding of the multilayer composite material. like Figure 1 As shown, the pre-compression forming mechanism includes a frame, a conveyor belt 26, and a guide roller group 27, a primary pre-compression roller group 28, a secondary pre-compression roller group 29, and a traction roller group 30 arranged sequentially from front to back above the conveyor belt 26 along the conveying direction of the conveyor belt 26. The feed end of the conveyor belt 26 is correspondingly set to the output end of the multi-channel composite die head 1; the cylindrical gradient composite material output by the multi-channel composite die head 1 is first guided to the conveyor belt 26 by the guide roller group 27, and then passes through the first-stage pre-compression roller group 28 and the second-stage pre-compression roller group 29 in sequence. The primary pre-compression roller group 28 is used to initially flatten and pre-compress the cylindrical gradient composite material, so that the cylindrical gradient composite material is gradually transformed into a flat strip and some of the air that may exist between the adhesive layers is discharged. The secondary pre-compression roller group 29 is used to further compact and fix the thickness of the composite material after the primary pre-compression, so that the reinforcing fibers are fully bonded to each rubber layer and form an online continuous friction material strip with a relatively stable thickness. The traction roller group 30 is used to provide traction force to the continuous friction material strip so that the unwinding speed of the reinforcing fiber, the extrusion speed of the rubber compound and the pre-compression conveying speed of the strip are matched with each other. The pressure rollers of the primary pre-compression roller group 28 and the secondary pre-compression roller group 29 are respectively connected to the frame by a drive assembly, which is a screw lifting mechanism. The screw lifting mechanism can adjust the distance between the pressure rollers of the primary pre-compression roller group 28 and the secondary pre-compression roller group 29 and the conveyor belt 26 to form the primary pre-compression roller gap and the secondary pre-compression roller gap. The gap between the first-stage pre-compression rollers is larger than that between the second-stage pre-compression rollers, so that the composite material can be gradually flattened, initially de-vented, compacted and fixed in thickness in sequence, avoiding the disorderly overflow of the rubber material to both sides, the displacement of the reinforcing fibers or the damage of the rubber layer interface caused by excessive compression at one time. The multi-channel composite die head 1 is provided with a pressure detection component at its outlet end. The pressure detection component is used to detect the extrusion pressure of the multi-layer rubber material at the outlet of the multi-channel composite die head 1 and transmit the pressure detection signal to the control system. The system includes preset reference extrusion pressure, allowable pressure deviation, primary reference roll gap, and secondary reference roll gap.

[0019] A process for preparing automotive friction materials using an extrusion composite line: Step 1: Prepare the conditioning compound, matrix compound, reinforcing compound and abrasion-resistant compound separately, and add the different compounds to the conditioning compound extruder 3, matrix compound extruder 4, reinforcing compound extruder 5 and abrasion-resistant compound extruder 6 respectively; Each extruder and the multi-channel composite die 1 are preheated to ensure that different rubber compounds reach the corresponding plasticization and stable flow state. The specific plasticization temperature of each type of rubber compound is set according to the rubber compound formulation, viscosity and curing characteristics to avoid using the same temperature, which may result in some rubber compounds being under-plasticized or prematurely cured. Step 2: Install the reinforcing fiber on the reinforcing fiber unwinding mechanism 2, and pass the reinforcing fiber sequentially through the fiber tension controller 20, the fiber impregnation device 21, the fiber guiding device 22 and the fiber bundler 23; Start the reinforcing fiber unwinding mechanism 2 and the traction roller group 30, and maintain the reinforcing fiber under the preset tension through the fiber tension controller 20; after the reinforcing fiber is surface impregnated by the fiber impregnation device 21, it is centered and guided by the fiber guiding device 22, and then organized into a continuous fiber bundle 13 by the fiber bundler 23. Step 3: The sorted continuous fiber bundle 13 is introduced into the fiber inlet channel from the inlet end of the multi-channel composite die head 1, so that the continuous fiber bundle 13 passes through the first regulating adhesive channel 7, the matrix adhesive channel 8, the second regulating adhesive channel 9, the reinforcing adhesive channel 10, the third regulating adhesive channel 11 and the wear-resistant adhesive channel 12 in sequence, and is led out from the outlet end of the multi-channel composite die head 1. During the initial traction phase, each extruder can maintain a low-speed feeding or temporarily stop feeding. Once the front end of the continuous fiber bundle 13 reaches the corresponding flow channel position, the corresponding metering pump will be started. Step 4: Start-up phase. According to the advancement position of the continuous fiber bundle 13 in the multi-channel composite die head 1, the supply of adhesive material is started in sequence in the first regulating adhesive channel 7, the matrix adhesive channel 8, the second regulating adhesive channel 9, the reinforcing adhesive channel 10, the third regulating adhesive channel 11 and the wear-resistant adhesive channel 12. The start-up delay time of adjacent channels is determined based on the axial distance between channels and the fiber bundle 13 conveying speed; After the equipment enters a stable operating state, each metering pump maintains continuous and synchronous material supply; Step 5: The continuous fiber bundle 13 first passes through the first regulating adhesive channel 7, forming a first regulating adhesive layer 14 on the outer periphery of the fiber bundle 13; then it passes through the matrix adhesive channel 8, forming a matrix adhesive layer 15 on the outer periphery of the first regulating adhesive layer 14. The fiber bundle 13 covered with the matrix adhesive layer 15 continues to pass through the second regulating adhesive channel 9, forming a second regulating adhesive layer 16 on the outer periphery of the matrix adhesive layer 15; then it passes through the reinforcing adhesive channel 10, forming a reinforcing adhesive layer 17 on the outer periphery of the second regulating adhesive layer 16. Subsequently, the fiber bundle 13 passes through the third regulating adhesive channel 11 to form a third regulating adhesive layer 18 on the outer periphery of the reinforcing adhesive layer 17; finally, it passes through the wear-resistant adhesive channel 12 to form a wear-resistant adhesive layer 19 on the outer periphery of the third regulating adhesive layer 18, thereby obtaining a cylindrical multilayer gradient composite material. The thickness of each adhesive layer is determined by the output of the corresponding metering pump, the conveying speed of the continuous fiber bundle 13, and the glue outlet gap of the corresponding annular flow channel. Under the condition that the conveying speed of the fiber bundle 13 remains constant, the thickness of each adhesive layer can be adjusted by adjusting the output of the corresponding metering pump. Step 6: After each layer of adhesive is coated, the fiber bundle 13 is immediately cooled quickly by the corresponding cooling ring 25 for a short time, so that a surface shaping layer is formed on the outer surface of the current adhesive layer. The cooling water flow rate and cooling time are designed to shape the surface of the rubber layer without completely cooling the entire rubber layer. By controlling the degree of cooling, the surface shaping layer can maintain its shape when the next layer of rubber is applied, and soften again due to the residual heat inside the rubber during subsequent transportation, so as to balance the stability of the rubber layer boundary and the interlayer bonding performance. Step 7: After the cylindrical multi-layer gradient composite material is output from the outlet end of the multi-channel composite die head 1, it is guided by the guide roller group 27 to the conveyor belt 26 and enters the first-stage pre-compression roller group 28. The first-stage pre-compression roller group 28 gradually flattens the cylindrical multilayer gradient composite material with a large roller gap, so that it forms a preliminary flat strip structure, while expelling some of the air between the adhesive layers and reducing the risk of displacement of the reinforcing fibers in the subsequent thickness determination process. Step 8: The composite material after primary pre-compression enters the secondary pre-compression roller group 29. The secondary pre-compression roller group 29 further compacts the composite material with a roller gap smaller than that of the primary pre-compression rollers, so that each adhesive layer and reinforcing fiber are fully bonded, and the composite material is pressed into a continuous friction material strip with the target thickness. Step 9: During the continuous extrusion and pre-compression process, the pressure detection component continuously collects the extrusion pressure at the outlet end of the multi-channel composite die head 1; The control system compares the actual extrusion pressure with the reference extrusion pressure and adjusts the primary pre-compression roller gap and the secondary pre-compression roller gap respectively according to the preset pressure-roller gap correspondence. The primary pre-compression roller group 28 is mainly used to absorb fluctuations in the feed rate, while the secondary pre-compression roller group 29 is mainly used for compaction and thickness setting, thereby reducing inlet material accumulation, strip discontinuity, reinforcing fiber offset and finished product thickness changes when extrusion pressure fluctuates. Step 10: The traction roller group 30 continuously pulls and compacts the friction material strip at a preset speed, so that the fiber unwinding speed, rubber output speed, pre-compression speed and traction speed are matched to obtain a continuously output extruded composite line reinforced friction material strip. Based on the structural requirements of friction material products, continuous strips can be subsequently cut to length, laminated, molded, heated and cured, and surface-processed to prepare automotive friction material products of corresponding shapes and sizes.

Claims

1. An extrusion composite line reinforced friction material preparation equipment for automobiles, characterized in that, It includes an extrusion mechanism, a multi-channel composite die (1), a reinforcing fiber unwinding mechanism (2), and a pre-compression molding mechanism; The extrusion mechanism includes a conditioning rubber extruder (3), a base rubber extruder (4), a reinforcing rubber extruder (5), and a wear-resistant rubber extruder (6); The multi-channel composite die (1) is provided with an extrusion channel extending along the reinforcing fiber conveying direction. The front end of the extrusion channel is the inlet end, and the rear end is the outlet end. The central area of ​​the extrusion channel forms a fiber inlet channel for the continuous fiber bundle (13) to pass through. The extrusion channel is provided with six composite channels with increasing inner diameters in sequence along the conveying direction of the continuous fiber bundle (13). The six composite channels are provided with a first regulating adhesive channel (7), a matrix adhesive channel (8), a second regulating adhesive channel (9), a reinforcing adhesive channel (10), a third regulating adhesive channel (11), and a wear-resistant adhesive channel (12) in sequence. The first regulating adhesive channel (7), the second regulating adhesive channel (9) and the third regulating adhesive channel (11) are respectively connected to the regulating adhesive extruder (3), the matrix adhesive channel (8) is connected to the matrix adhesive extruder (4), the reinforcing adhesive channel (10) is connected to the reinforcing adhesive extruder (5), and the abrasion-resistant adhesive channel (12) is connected to the abrasion-resistant adhesive extruder (6). The reinforcing fiber unwinding mechanism (2) is located on one side of the inlet end of the multi-channel composite die (1) and is used to continuously convey reinforcing fibers into the fiber inlet channel. The pre-pressing molding mechanism is located on one side of the outlet end of the multi-channel composite die (1) and is used to press the cylindrical gradient composite material output by the multi-channel composite die (1) step by step to form a continuous strip.

2. The extrusion composite line reinforced automotive friction material preparation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first regulating adhesive channel (7), the matrix adhesive channel (8), the second regulating adhesive channel (9), the reinforcing adhesive channel (10), the third regulating adhesive channel (11), and the abrasion-resistant adhesive channel (12) are all concave annular channels arranged around the fiber inlet channel, and each annular channel forms a circumferential adhesive outlet area on the side facing the fiber inlet channel.

3. The extrusion composite line reinforced automotive friction material preparation equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first regulating adhesive flow channel (7), the second regulating adhesive flow channel (9) and the third regulating adhesive flow channel (11) are respectively connected to the regulating adhesive extruder (3) through independent connecting channels; The matrix adhesive channel (8), the reinforcing adhesive channel (10), and the abrasion-resistant adhesive channel (12) are respectively connected to the matrix adhesive extruder (4), the reinforcing adhesive extruder (5), and the abrasion-resistant adhesive extruder (6) through corresponding connecting channels.

4. The extrusion composite line reinforced automotive friction material preparation equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that, The discharge ends of the regulating rubber extruder (3), the matrix rubber extruder (4), the reinforcing rubber extruder (5), and the wear-resistant rubber extruder (6) are respectively equipped with metering pumps, which are used to adjust the output of the regulating rubber, matrix rubber, reinforcing rubber, and wear-resistant rubber respectively.

5. The extrusion composite line reinforced automotive friction material preparation equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that, Between the reinforcing fiber unwinding mechanism (2) and the inlet end of the multi-channel composite die head (1), a fiber tension controller (20), a fiber impregnation device (21), a fiber guiding device (22) and a fiber bundler (23) are sequentially arranged along the conveying direction of the reinforcing fiber. The fiber tension controller (20) is used to adjust the conveying tension of the reinforcing fiber, the fiber impregnation device (21) is used to perform surface impregnation treatment on the reinforcing fiber, the fiber guiding device (22) is used to limit the conveying direction of the reinforcing fiber, and the fiber bundler (23) is used to organize the reinforcing fiber into a continuous fiber bundle (13) and introduce the continuous fiber bundle (13) into the fiber inlet channel.

6. The extrusion composite line reinforced automotive friction material preparation equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that, A cooling ring (25) is provided between each of the two adjacent composite channels. The cooling ring (25) is arranged around the fiber inlet channel. A cooling water circulation channel is provided in the cooling ring (25) for cooling and shaping the outer surface of the rubber layer after the single-layer rubber coating is completed, so that a surface shaping layer is formed on the outer surface of the rubber layer, and the residual heat inside the rubber layer can be retained to make the surface shaping layer soften again.

7. The extrusion composite line reinforced automotive friction material preparation equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that, The pre-compression forming mechanism includes a conveyor belt (26) and a guide roller group (27), a primary pre-compression roller group (28), a secondary pre-compression roller group (29) and a traction roller group (30) arranged sequentially above the conveyor belt (26) along the conveying direction of the conveyor belt (26); The feed end of the conveyor belt (26) is correspondingly set to the outlet end of the multi-channel composite die head (1). The guide roller group (27) is used to guide the cylindrical gradient composite material to the conveyor belt (26). The first-stage pre-compression roller group (28) is used to initially flatten the cylindrical gradient composite material. The second-stage pre-compression roller group (29) is used to compact and fix the thickness of the initially flattened gradient composite material. The traction roller group (30) is used to traction the formed continuous strip.

8. The extrusion composite line reinforced automotive friction material preparation equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that, The first-stage pre-pressing roller group (28) and the second-stage pre-pressing roller group (29) each include pressure rollers, and the pressure rollers are respectively connected to the frame by a drive assembly, which is a screw lifting mechanism; A primary pre-pressure roller gap is formed between the pressure roller of the primary pre-pressure roller group (28) and the conveyor belt (26), and a secondary pre-pressure roller gap is formed between the pressure roller of the secondary pre-pressure roller group (29) and the conveyor belt (26). The primary pre-pressure roller gap is larger than the secondary pre-pressure roller gap.

9. A processing method for an extrusion composite line reinforced automotive friction material using the preparation equipment described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Add the conditioning compound, matrix compound, reinforcing compound, and abrasion-resistant compound to the conditioning compound extruder, matrix compound extruder, reinforcing compound extruder, and abrasion-resistant compound extruder respectively, and preheat each extruder and the multi-channel composite die head; Step 2: The reinforcing fibers are continuously output through the reinforcing fiber unwinding mechanism, and the reinforcing fibers are subjected to tension adjustment, surface impregnation, guidance and bundling treatment to form a continuous fiber bundle; Step 3: The continuous fiber bundle is introduced into the fiber inlet channel from the inlet end of the multi-channel composite die head, and the continuous fiber bundle is continuously moved towards the outlet end along the fiber inlet channel; Step 4: Convey the corresponding adhesive materials to the first regulating adhesive channel, the matrix adhesive channel, the second regulating adhesive channel, the reinforcing adhesive channel, the third regulating adhesive channel, and the wear-resistant adhesive channel, so that the continuous fiber bundle passes through the adhesive flow field formed by each adhesive material in sequence, and forms the first regulating adhesive layer, the matrix adhesive layer, the second regulating adhesive layer, the reinforcing adhesive layer, the third regulating adhesive layer, and the wear-resistant adhesive layer in sequence from the inside to the outside of the continuous fiber bundle, to obtain a cylindrical gradient composite material; Based on the advancing position of the continuous fiber bundle within the multi-channel composite die, the supply of adhesive materials to the first regulating adhesive channel, the matrix adhesive channel, the second regulating adhesive channel, the reinforcing adhesive channel, the third regulating adhesive channel, and the wear-resistant adhesive channel is sequentially activated, so that the timing of the start of adhesive material output matches the timing of the continuous fiber bundle arriving at the corresponding channel; the activation interval between adjacent adhesive material channels is determined based on the axial distance between adjacent adhesive material channels, the conveying speed of the continuous fiber bundle, and the feeding response time of the corresponding metering pump; After each layer of adhesive is coated, the outer surface of the adhesive layer is briefly cooled by a corresponding cooling ring to form a surface shaping layer before the next layer of adhesive is coated. The short-term cooling allows residual heat to be retained inside the rubber layer. The surface shaping layer softens under the influence of the residual heat inside the rubber layer and the heat of the subsequent coating rubber during the continuous fiber bundle is transported backward. Step 5: Output the cylindrical gradient composite material from the outlet end of the multi-channel composite die head, and perform primary and secondary pre-compression sequentially to flatten, compact, and fix the thickness of the cylindrical gradient composite material to form a continuous friction material strip.

10. The processing technology for extrusion composite line reinforced automotive friction materials according to claim 9, characterized in that, In step five, the first-stage pre-compression uses a pre-compression roller gap that is larger than that of the second-stage pre-compression, which gradually flattens the cylindrical gradient composite material and removes the air between the adhesive layers. The secondary preloading further compacts and fixes the thickness of the gradient composite material after the primary preloading.

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