An articulated multi-step oscillating mechanism, system and method for an over-the-tonnage single steel wheel compactor

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of engineering machinery, and particularly relates to a super-heavy-tonnage single-steel-wheel road roller articulated multi-step swing mechanism, system and method. The present application comprises a front articulated frame, a rear articulated frame, a slewing bearing, a pin shaft and a joint bearing; the front articulated frame is fixedly and sealingly connected to one side surface of the slewing bearing; the inner ring of the joint bearing is fixedly connected with the pin shaft, and the outer ring of the joint bearing is connected between the front articulated frame and the rear articulated frame. The present application is optimized based on the four-point contact theory of the slewing bearing, and the rolling groove is arranged in a stepped manner; the bearing ball and the rolling groove are in four-point contact in the same section, the contact area is increased, the contact stress of the ball and the rolling groove is reduced, axial load and radial load can be borne, reliable swing connection between the front and rear frames of the super-heavy-tonnage road roller is realized, and the load bearing capacity, swing flexibility and structural durability are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of engineering machinery technology, specifically relating to a hinged multi-step swing mechanism, system and method for an ultra-heavy-tonnage single steel drum road roller. Background Technology

[0002] The front frame (including the vibrating drum) and rear frame (including the engine, cab, drive wheels, etc.) of a single-drum vibratory roller are connected by an articulated frame to ensure relative rotation (steering) between the front and rear frames in the horizontal plane, while also allowing for a certain degree of oscillation in the vertical plane (to adapt to uneven road surfaces), thereby improving the roller's maneuverability and adhesion. Existing roller articulated structures mainly take the following forms: One type is the traditional cross-shaft articulated structure: the front and rear frames are connected by a cross-shaft assembly. The two ends of the horizontal axis of the cross-shaft are mounted on the rear articulation frame via bearings, and the two ends of the vertical axis are mounted on the upper and lower articulation arms of the front frame via bearings. This structure allows the front and rear frames to rotate relative to each other in both horizontal and vertical directions, but the cross-shaft requires high machining precision, is difficult to assemble, and has limited strength.

[0003] Another type is the conventional slewing bearing articulated structure: the front frame is connected to the front articulated frame via the slewing bearing to achieve up-and-down swinging, and the front articulated frame is hinged to the rear articulated frame via upper and lower articulated plates to achieve left and right turning. However, the conventional single-row ball slewing bearing has limited load-bearing capacity and cannot simultaneously withstand the large axial force, radial force, and overturning moment generated during the operation of the road roller.

[0004] For ultra-heavy-tonnage single steel drum rollers, the existing articulated swing mechanism has the following main problems: (1) Insufficient load-bearing capacity: The front and rear frames of ultra-heavy-tonnage road rollers are heavily loaded, and the articulated devices are subjected to huge forces. Under ultra-high loads, traditional articulated structures are prone to wear at the contact point between the pin and the pressure plate, and the axial clearance is difficult to control effectively.

[0005] (2) Single load transfer path: The load of traditional hinged structure is transferred through a single hinge point or a limited number of contact surfaces, resulting in severe stress concentration and limited fatigue life. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a hinged multi-step swing mechanism, system, and method for an ultra-heavy-tonnage single steel drum road roller.

[0007] The technical solution adopted in this invention is: A multi-step hinged swing mechanism for an ultra-heavy-tonnage single-drum road roller includes a front hinge frame, a rear hinge frame, a slewing bearing, a pin, and a spherical bearing. The front hinge frame is fixedly and sealed to one side of the slewing bearing. The inner ring of the spherical bearing is fixedly connected to the pin, and the outer ring of the spherical bearing is connected between the front hinge frame and the rear hinge frame on both sides.

[0008] The front hinge frame is a frame structure consisting of two support plates and two stiffening plates; the two support plates are arranged parallel to each other; the two ends of the upper support plate are connected to the upper ends of the stiffening plates respectively; the lower ends of the two stiffening plates are respectively connected to a third lug, and the third lug extends outward horizontally; a pad is provided between the third lug and the lower support plate; the two sides of the lower support plate are respectively connected to a first lug and a second lug horizontally.

[0009] The rear articulated frame includes a connecting plate, an intermediate support plate, and a fixed support plate; the connecting plate is a rectangular plate; two fixed support plates are provided, which are arranged in parallel and connected to the two short edges of the connecting plate respectively, and the fixed support plates are perpendicular to the surface of the connecting plate; the two long edges of the connecting plate are symmetrically provided with rear frame connection holes for detachable connection to the rear frame via the rear frame connection bolt assembly; two intermediate support plates are provided, which are fixedly connected to the connecting plate between the two fixed support plates with a gap, and are perpendicular to the connecting plate respectively.

[0010] The slewing bearing includes a slewing bearing outer sleeve and a slewing bearing inner shaft; the contact surface between the slewing bearing outer sleeve and the slewing bearing inner shaft is a mutually matching inclined surface, and the inclined surface is provided with multiple roller grooves in the circumferential direction, and the roller grooves are provided with balls.

[0011] The inner shaft of the slewing bearing is an integral structure consisting of a ring and a hollow frustum. The inner diameter of the ring is the same as the inner diameter of the hollow frustum, and the height of the ring is less than the height of the hollow frustum. The outer diameter of the connection between the hollow frustum and the ring is less than the outer diameter of the ring. Three steps are arranged circumferentially on the outer wall of the hollow frustum. On each step from near the ring to far from the ring, there are respectively a third half-groove, a second half-groove, and a first half-groove for accommodating balls. The first half-groove, the second half-groove, and the third half-groove are all formed by mirroring two arcs with different curvatures, and the radii of curvature of these two arcs are greater than the radius of the balls, so that the contact between the balls and the first half-groove, the second half-groove, and the third half-groove is a two-point contact.

[0012] It also includes a slewing bearing inner shaft baffle; the slewing bearing inner shaft baffle is connected to one end of the hollow frustum cavity in the inner shaft of the slewing bearing near the first half of the inner shaft groove of the slewing bearing, and is used to seal the hollow frustum cavity.

[0013] The slewing bearing outer sleeve is an integral structure composed of two rings with different outer diameters, with the larger outer diameter ring having a smaller height than the smaller outer diameter ring. The inner diameter of the slewing bearing outer sleeve gradually increases from the larger outer diameter ring to the smaller outer diameter ring, forming an inclined inner sidewall that matches the outer wall of the inner shaft of the slewing bearing. The inner sidewall of the slewing bearing outer sleeve has three circumferentially arranged steps. Each step, from the larger outer diameter ring to the smaller outer diameter ring, has an arc-shaped first half-groove, a second half-groove, and a third half-groove for accommodating rolling balls. The first half-groove of the slewing bearing outer sleeve corresponds to the first half-groove of the inner shaft of the slewing bearing located on the inclined inner sidewall of the inner shaft, forming a first groove for accommodating rolling balls. The second half-groove of the slewing bearing outer sleeve corresponds to the second half-groove of the inner shaft of the slewing bearing located on the inclined inner sidewall of the inner shaft, forming a second groove for accommodating rolling balls. The third half-groove of the slewing bearing outer sleeve corresponds to the second half-groove of the inner shaft of the slewing bearing located on the inclined inner sidewall of the inner shaft, forming a second groove for accommodating rolling balls. The third half-groove of the inner shaft of the slewing bearing is correspondingly arranged on the sidewall to form a third groove for accommodating balls; ball injection ports penetrating the sidewall are opened on the sidewall of the slewing bearing outer sleeve corresponding to the first, second, and third grooves, and each ball injection port is detachably sealed with a plug; a grease filling hole is opened through the sidewall of the slewing bearing outer sleeve between the second and third half-grooves of the slewing bearing outer sleeve, and the grease filling hole is connected to the first half-groove of the slewing bearing outer sleeve and the third half-groove of the slewing bearing outer sleeve. The second half of the bearing sleeve and the third half of the slewing bearing sleeve are connected; a grease nipple is connected to the outer port of the grease filling hole; the first half of the slewing bearing sleeve, the second half of the slewing bearing sleeve, and the third half of the slewing bearing sleeve are all formed by mirror images of two arcs with different curvatures, and the radius of curvature of the two arcs is greater than the radius of the ball, so that the contact between the ball and the first half of the slewing bearing sleeve, the second half of the slewing bearing sleeve, and the third half of the slewing bearing sleeve is a two-point contact.

[0014] A retaining ring is connected to the outer periphery of the plug; the outer edge of the large-diameter ring in the outer sleeve of the slewing bearing has multiple connecting through holes evenly distributed along the height direction in a circular matrix, which are used for detachable connection to the front frame via the front frame connecting bolt assembly; the centers of the four arcs forming the second, third, or first roller groove do not coincide, and the contact between the ball and the second, third, and first roller grooves is a four-point contact.

[0015] A multi-stage hinged swing system for an ultra-heavy-tonnage single-drum roller is provided, which employs a multi-stage hinged swing mechanism for the ultra-heavy-tonnage single-drum roller and also includes a steering cylinder; the steering cylinder is hinged to the front hinge frame and the rear hinge frame in the multi-stage hinged swing mechanism of the ultra-heavy-tonnage single-drum roller through hinge pins.

[0016] A method for articulated multi-step swinging of an ultra-heavy-tonnage single-drum roller, employing an articulated multi-step swinging system for the ultra-heavy-tonnage single-drum roller, includes the following steps: When the road roller is working, the front frame and the rear frame are connected by a multi-step hinged swing mechanism to achieve relative rotation. When the road roller turns, the steering cylinder moves to drive the front articulated frame to rotate around the hinge pin, realizing the left and right turning of the whole vehicle. When the road roller needs to swing up and down to adapt to uneven road surfaces, the front frame and the rear frame are connected by the inner shaft of the slewing bearing in the multi-step hinged swing mechanism of the road roller, which rotates relative to the outer sleeve of the slewing bearing. The front frame swings up and down relative to the front articulated frame to adapt to the changes in the machine body posture caused by uneven road surfaces.

[0017] Beneficial effects: This invention optimizes the design of the slewing bearing based on the four-point contact theory. Several load-bearing balls are installed between the outer sleeve and the inner shaft of the slewing bearing. Several axial grooves are arranged on the contact surface for the load-bearing balls to be embedded and rolled, with the grooves arranged in a stepped pattern. Each semi-groove on both the outer sleeve and the inner shaft of the slewing bearing includes two mirror-image arc segments. The centers of the four corresponding arc segments do not coincide, and the radii of curvature of the semi-groove on both the outer sleeve and the inner shaft are greater than the radii of curvature of the load-bearing balls. The load-bearing balls and the grooves are in four-point contact at the same cross-section, increasing the contact area and reducing the contact stress between the balls and the grooves. This allows the bearing to withstand both axial and radial loads, thus achieving a reliable swing connection between the front and rear frames of a heavy-duty road roller, improving load-bearing capacity, swing flexibility, and structural durability.

[0018] The above description is merely an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to better understand the technical means of the present invention and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the slewing bearing structure based on the four-point contact theory in this invention.

[0022] Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the first groove and ball injection structure in this invention.

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the installation relationship between the vehicle articulation assembly of the present invention and the front and rear vehicle frames.

[0024] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the inner shaft of the slewing bearing in this invention.

[0025] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the outer sleeve of the slewing bearing in this invention.

[0026] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the position of the balls in the groove in this invention.

[0027] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the rear hinge frame in this invention.

[0028] Figure 9 yes Figure 8 Left view.

[0029] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the front hinge frame in this invention.

[0030] Figure 11 yes Figure 10 Side view.

[0031] In the diagram: 1. Front articulated frame; 2. Rear articulated frame; 3. Slewing bearing; 4. V-ring seal; 5. First plug; 6. Second plug; 7. Retaining ring; 8. First O-ring seal; 9. Second O-ring seal; 10. Grease fitting; 11. Pin; 12. Spherical plain bearing; 13. Front frame connecting bolt assembly; 14. Rear frame connecting bolt assembly; 15. Articulated multi-step swing mechanism for heavy-duty single-drum roller; 16. Front frame; 17. Rear frame. 1-1, Pad block; 1-2, First lug; 1-3, Second lug; 1-4, Support plate; 1-5, Third lug; 1-6, Rib plate; 2-1. Connecting plate; 2-2. Intermediate support plate; 2-3. Fixed support plate; 2-4. Rear frame connecting hole; 3-1. Slewing bearing outer sleeve; 3-2. Slewing bearing inner shaft; 3-2-1. Circular ring; 3-2-2. Frustum; 3-3. Slewing bearing inner shaft baffle; 3-4. Grease filling hole; 3-5. First groove; 3-5-1. First half groove of slewing bearing outer sleeve; 3-5-2. First half groove of slewing bearing inner shaft; 3-6. Second groove; 3-6-1. Second half groove of slewing bearing outer sleeve; 3-6-2. Second half groove of slewing bearing inner shaft; 3-7. Third groove; 3-7-1. Third half groove of slewing bearing outer sleeve; 3-7-2. Third half groove of slewing bearing inner shaft; 3-8. Ball bearing. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] Example 1: according to Figures 1-11 The diagram shows a multi-step hinged swing mechanism for a heavy-duty single-drum road roller, comprising a front hinge frame 1, a rear hinge frame 2, a slewing bearing 3, a pin 11, and a spherical bearing 12; the front hinge frame 1 is fixedly and sealed to one side of the slewing bearing 3; the inner ring of the spherical bearing 12 is fixedly connected to the pin 11, and the outer ring of the spherical bearing 12 is connected on both sides between the front hinge frame 1 and the rear hinge frame 2.

[0034] In actual use, both sides of the front articulated frame 1 and both sides of the rear frame 17 are connected to the steering cylinder via pins. When the roller is in operation, the front frame 16 and the rear frame 17 are connected by the multi-step swing mechanism 15 to achieve relative rotation. When the roller turns, the steering cylinder moves, causing the front articulated frame 1 to rotate around the hinge pin, thus achieving left and right turning of the entire vehicle. When the roller needs to swing up and down to adapt to uneven road surfaces, the front frame 16 and the rear frame 17 swing up and down relative to the front articulated frame 1 through the rotation of the slewing bearing 3 in the multi-step swing mechanism 15. This adapts to changes in the machine's posture caused by uneven road surfaces. When the roller turns, the front frame 16 rotates around the hinge pin, the roller hinges rotate, and the rear frame 17 moves accordingly.

[0035] The pin and steering cylinder in this embodiment are both existing technologies.

[0036] Example 2: according to Figures 1-11 The illustrated multi-step swing mechanism for a heavy-duty single-drum roller is based on Embodiment 1. The front hinge frame 1 is a frame structure composed of two support plates 1-4 and two stiffening plates 1-6. The two support plates 1-4 are arranged parallel to each other vertically. The two ends of the upper support plate 1-4 are respectively connected to the upper ends of the stiffening plates 1-6. The lower ends of the two stiffening plates 1-6 are respectively connected to a third lug 1-5, and the third lug 1-5 extends horizontally outward. A pad 1-1 is provided between the third lug 1-5 and the lower support plate 1-4. The two sides of the lower support plate 1-4 are respectively horizontally connected to a first lug 1-2 and a second lug 1-3.

[0037] Furthermore, the rear articulated frame 2 includes a connecting plate 2-1, an intermediate support plate 2-2, and a fixed support plate 2-3; the connecting plate 2-1 is a rectangular plate; two fixed support plates 2-3 are provided, the two fixed support plates 2-3 are arranged in parallel, and the two fixed support plates 2-3 are respectively fixedly connected to the two short edges of the connecting plate 2-1, and the fixed support plates 2-3 are arranged perpendicular to the plate surface of the connecting plate 2-1; the two long edges of the connecting plate 2-1 are symmetrically provided with rear frame connection holes 2-4 for detachable connection with the rear frame 17 through the rear frame connection bolt assembly 14; two intermediate support plates 2-2 are provided, the two intermediate support plates 2-2 are fixedly connected to the connecting plate 2-1 between the two fixed support plates 2-3 with a gap, and are respectively perpendicular to the connecting plate 2-1.

[0038] In practical applications, the multi-step swing mechanism 15 of the heavy-duty single-drum roller is composed of the front articulated frame 1, the rear articulated frame 2, and the slewing bearing 3. The front frame 16 of the roller is connected to the slewing bearing 3 via the front frame connecting bolt assembly 13, and the rear frame 17 is connected to the rear articulated frame 2 via the rear frame connecting bolt assembly 14. This integrates the front frame 16, the rear frame 17, and the multi-step swing mechanism 15 of the heavy-duty single-drum roller into a single unit. The slewing bearing 3 is sealed with the front articulated frame 1 using a V-ring seal 4 and with the front frame 16 using a second O-ring seal 9, ensuring the normal operation of the multi-step swing mechanism 15 of the heavy-duty single-drum roller.

[0039] The lugs are used to connect with the steering cylinders. Specifically, each side of the support plate 1-4 is connected to a cylinder via the first lug 1-2 and the third lug 1-5 on the same side, and the second lug 1-3 is connected to the third lug 1-5 on the same side. The cylinder head is placed in the middle and connected by a pin.

[0040] In this embodiment, the V-shaped sealing ring 4 adopts the national standard V... D Type of sealing ring.

[0041] Example 3: according to Figures 1-11 The illustrated heavy-duty single-drum roller articulated multi-step swing mechanism, based on Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2, includes a slewing bearing 3 comprising a slewing bearing outer sleeve 3-1 and a slewing bearing inner shaft 3-2; the contact surfaces between the slewing bearing outer sleeve 3-1 and the slewing bearing inner shaft 3-2 are mutually matching inclined surfaces, and the inclined surfaces are provided with multiple circumferential grooves, with balls 3-8 disposed within the grooves.

[0042] Furthermore, the inner shaft 3-2 of the slewing bearing is an integral structure consisting of a ring 3-2-1 and a hollow frustum 3-2-2; the inner diameter of the ring 3-2-1 is the same as the inner diameter of the hollow frustum 3-2-2, and the height of the ring 3-2-1 is less than the height of the hollow frustum 3-2-2; the outer diameter of the connection between the hollow frustum 3-2-2 and the ring 3-2-1 is less than the outer diameter of the ring 3-2-1; three circumferential steps are provided on the outer wall of the hollow frustum 3-2-2; and slewing bearings for accommodating balls 3-8 are respectively provided circumferentially on each step from near the ring 3-2-1 to away from the ring 3-2-1. The inner shaft has a third half-groove 3-7-2, a slewing bearing inner shaft has a second half-groove 3-6-2, and a slewing bearing inner shaft has a first half-groove 3-5-2. Each of these grooves is formed by mirroring two arcs with different curvatures, and the radii of curvature of these two arcs are greater than the radius of the ball bearing 3-8. This results in a two-point contact between the ball bearing 3-8 and each of these grooves.

[0043] Specifically, the arcs of the first half-groove 3-5-2, the second half-groove 3-6-2 of the inner shaft of the slewing bearing, and the third half-groove 3-7-2 of the inner shaft of the slewing bearing are mirror images of the center line of the fit clearance between the inner shaft of the slewing bearing 3-2 and the outer sleeve of the slewing bearing 3-1. The arcs of the inner shaft of the slewing bearing 3-2 and the outer sleeve of the slewing bearing 3-1 form an ellipse, and the contact points with the balls are a total of four points of contact.

[0044] Furthermore, it also includes a slewing bearing inner shaft baffle 3-3; the slewing bearing inner shaft baffle 3-3 is fixedly connected to one end of the hollow frustum cavity in the slewing bearing inner shaft 3-2 near the first half-groove 3-5-2 of the slewing bearing inner shaft, and is used to seal the hollow frustum cavity.

[0045] Furthermore, the slewing bearing outer sleeve 3-1 is an integral structure composed of two rings with different outer diameters, and the height of the ring with the larger outer diameter is less than that of the ring with the smaller outer diameter; the inner diameter of the slewing bearing outer sleeve 3-1 gradually increases from the ring with the larger outer diameter to the ring with the smaller outer diameter, forming an inclined inner sidewall that matches the outer sidewall of the inner shaft 3-2 of the slewing bearing; the inner sidewall of the slewing bearing outer sleeve 3-1 is provided with three circumferential steps, and each step from the ring with the larger outer diameter to the ring with the smaller outer diameter has an arc-shaped first half-groove 3-5-1, a second half-groove 3-6-1, and an outer half-groove for accommodating the balls 3-8. The third half of the slewing bearing groove 3-7-1 is fitted; the first half of the slewing bearing groove 3-5-1 on the outer sleeve corresponds to the first half of the slewing bearing inner shaft groove 3-5-2 on the inclined inner wall of the slewing bearing inner shaft 3-2, forming a first groove 3-5 to accommodate the ball 3-8; the second half of the slewing bearing groove 3-6-1 on the outer sleeve corresponds to the second half of the slewing bearing inner shaft groove 3-6-2 on the inclined inner wall of the slewing bearing inner shaft 3-2, forming a second groove 3-6 to accommodate the ball 3-8; the third half of the slewing bearing groove 3-7-1 on the outer sleeve corresponds to the third half of the slewing bearing inner shaft groove 3-7-1 on the inclined inner wall of the slewing bearing inner shaft. 2. Correspondingly configured, a third groove 3-7 is formed to accommodate the balls 3-8; ball injection ports penetrating the sidewalls of the bearing outer sleeve 3-1 corresponding to the first groove 3-5, second groove 3-6, and third groove 3-7 are provided; the ball injection port of the first groove 3-5 is located at a connection between the bearing outer sleeve 3-1 and the inner shaft 3-2 of the slewing bearing; a grease filling hole 3-4 penetrating the sidewall of the bearing outer sleeve 3-1 between the second half groove 3-6-1 and the third half groove 3-7-1 of the slewing bearing outer sleeve is provided, and the grease filling hole 3-4 is connected to the first half groove 3-5-1 of the slewing bearing outer sleeve and the inner shaft 3-2 of the slewing bearing. The second half of the outer sleeve groove 3-6-1 and the third half of the outer sleeve groove 3-7-1 of the slewing bearing are connected; a grease nipple 10 is connected to the outer port of the grease filling hole 3-4; the first half of the outer sleeve groove 3-5-1, the second half of the outer sleeve groove 3-6-1, and the third half of the outer sleeve groove 3-7-1 of the slewing bearing are all formed by mirroring two arcs with different curvatures, and the radius of curvature of the two arcs is greater than the radius of the ball 3-8, so that the contact between the ball 3-8 and the first half of the outer sleeve groove 3-5-1, the second half of the outer sleeve groove 3-6-1, and the third half of the outer sleeve groove 3-7-1 of the slewing bearing is a two-point contact.

[0046] In actual use, the slewing bearing 3 is sealed with a V-ring 4 between itself and the front articulated frame 1, and with a second O-ring 9 between itself and the front frame 16 of the road roller (the second O-ring 9 is located on the outer side of the slewing bearing outer sleeve 3-1). The second and third roller grooves 3-6 and 3-7 of the slewing bearing 3 are sealed with the plugs using first O-rings 8. The first roller groove 3-5 of the slewing bearing 3 is formed on the contact surface between the slewing bearing outer sleeve 3-1 and the slewing bearing inner shaft 3-2. Semi-annular roller grooves are machined on these surfaces, namely, the first semi-roll groove 3-5-1, the second semi-roll groove 3-6-1, and the third semi-roll groove 3-7-1 on the slewing bearing outer sleeve, and the first semi-roll groove 3-5-2, the second semi-roll groove 3-6-2, and the third semi-roll groove 3-7-2 on the slewing bearing inner shaft. The two opposing semi-roll grooves form the ball bearing 3-8 injection port. Before operation, the two oppositely positioned semi-grooves are concentric, and the balls 3-8 are injected. During operation, the slewing bearing outer sleeve 3-1 rotates 90° to form a seal. Lubricating oil between each groove of the slewing bearing 3 and the balls 3-8 is added through a grease nipple 10. Afterward, the lubricating oil enters each groove through the gap between the slewing bearing outer sleeve 3-1 and the slewing bearing inner shaft 3-2. The grooves are connected by oil passages to lubricate the movement between the balls 3-8 and the grooves.

[0047] In this embodiment, a first plug 5 is detachably and sealingly connected to the ball injection port on the side wall of the bearing sleeve 3-1 corresponding to the second groove 3-6, and a second plug 6 is detachably and sealingly connected to the ball injection port on the side wall of the bearing sleeve 3-1 corresponding to the third groove 3-7 (e.g., Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the plug on the ball injection port of the first groove 3-5 is not shown in the figure.

[0048] Example 4: according to Figures 1-11 The illustrated heavy-duty single-drum roller articulated multi-step swing mechanism, based on Embodiments 1, 2, and 3, features a retaining ring 7 connected to the outer periphery of the plug; the outer edge of the large-diameter ring in the slewing bearing outer sleeve 3-1 has multiple connecting through holes 3-9 evenly distributed along the height direction in a circular matrix, which are used for detachable connection to the front frame 16 via the front frame connecting bolt assembly 13; the centers of the four arc segments forming the second roller groove 3-6, the third roller groove 3-7, or the first roller groove 3-5 do not coincide, and the contact between the ball bearing 3-8 and the second roller groove 3-6, the third roller groove 3-7, and the first roller groove 3-5 is a four-point contact.

[0049] In actual use, the plug is limited by the retaining ring 7.

[0050] When the inner shaft 3-2 of the slewing bearing 3 rotates relative to the outer shaft 3-1, the balls 3-8 therein form four-point contact with each groove, simultaneously bearing axial force, radial force, and overturning moment. Multiple axially distributed stepped grooves are provided on the inner wall of the outer shaft 3-1 and the outer wall of the inner shaft 3-2. This multi-step groove structure distributes the load axially across multiple groove layers, with each layer sharing the load, effectively reducing contact stress and improving load-bearing capacity and service life. A sealing ring is provided between the outer shaft 3-1 and the front frame 16 and the inner shaft 3-2. The ball inlets on the first groove 3-5, second groove 3-6, and third groove 3-7 are sealed with plugs, and sealing rings are provided between them to prevent external impurities from entering the grooves.

[0051] Example 5: Reference Figures 1-11 As shown, a multi-stage hinged swing system for an ultra-heavy-tonnage single-drum roller is provided. The system employs a multi-stage hinged swing mechanism 15 for the ultra-heavy-tonnage single-drum roller and also includes a steering cylinder. The steering cylinder is hinged to the front hinge frame 1 and the rear hinge frame 2 of the multi-stage hinged swing mechanism 15 for the ultra-heavy-tonnage single-drum roller via hinge pins.

[0052] In actual use, the front articulation frame 1 and the rear articulation frame 2 are connected by a pin 11 and a joint bearing 12. The slewing bearing 3 is connected to the front articulation frame 1 by welding. The front articulation frame 1, the rear articulation frame 2 and the slewing bearing 3 form the articulated multi-step swing mechanism 15 of the heavy-duty single-drum roller. The front frame 16 of the roller is connected to the slewing bearing 3 through the front frame connecting bolt assembly 13, and the rear frame 17 is connected to the rear articulation frame 2 through the rear frame connecting bolt assembly 14. Thus, the front frame 16, the rear frame 17 and the articulated multi-step swing mechanism 15 of the heavy-duty single-drum roller are connected as one unit.

[0053] In practical applications, the spherical bearing 12 is placed in the support plate 1-4 of the front hinge frame 1, and the front hinge frame 1 and the rear hinge frame 2 are connected by a pin, with the bottom of the pin fixed by a lock nut.

[0054] The pin and steering cylinder in this embodiment are both existing technologies.

[0055] Example 6: Reference Figures 1-11 As shown, the specific method for the articulated multi-step swing of an ultra-heavy-tonnage single steel drum roller is as follows: When the road roller is working, the front frame 16 and the rear frame 17 are connected by the multi-step swing mechanism 15 of the heavy-duty single-drum road roller to achieve relative rotation. When the road roller turns, the steering cylinder moves to drive the front articulated frame 1 to rotate around the articulated pin, realizing the left and right turning of the whole vehicle. When the road roller needs to swing up and down to adapt to uneven road surface, the front frame 16 and the rear frame 17 are connected by the inner shaft 3-2 of the slewing bearing 3 in the multi-step swing mechanism 15 of the heavy-duty single-drum road roller to rotate relative to the outer sleeve 3-1 of the slewing bearing 3. The front frame 16 swings up and down relative to the front articulated frame 1 to adapt to the changes in body posture caused by uneven road surface.

[0056] Where there is no conflict, those skilled in the art can combine the relevant technical features in the above examples according to the actual situation to achieve the corresponding technical effects. Specific details of various combinations are not elaborated here; for components not specifically described, the prior art is used.

[0057] It should be noted that all directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0058] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "first" and "second" in this invention is for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features.

[0059] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The present invention is not limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein. Any simple modifications, equivalent variations, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hinged multi-step swing mechanism for a super-heavy-tonnage single-drum road roller, characterized in that: It includes a front hinge frame (1), a rear hinge frame (2), a slewing bearing (3), a pin (11), and a spherical bearing (12); the front hinge frame (1) is fixedly and sealed to one side of the slewing bearing (3); the inner ring of the spherical bearing (12) is fixedly connected to the pin (11), and the outer ring of the spherical bearing (12) is connected between the front hinge frame (1) and the rear hinge frame (2) on both sides.

2. The articulated multi-step swing mechanism for a super-heavy-tonnage single steel drum road roller as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The front hinge frame (1) is a frame structure consisting of two support plates (1-4) and two stiffening plates (1-6); the two support plates (1-4) are arranged parallel to each other vertically; the two ends of the upper support plate (1-4) are respectively connected to the upper ends of the stiffening plates (1-6); the lower ends of the two stiffening plates (1-6) are respectively connected to a third lug (1-5), and the third lug (1-5) extends horizontally outward; a pad (1-1) is provided between the third lug (1-5) and the lower support plate (1-4); the two sides of the lower support plate (1-4) are respectively horizontally connected to a first lug (1-2) and a second lug (1-3).

3. The articulated multi-step swing mechanism for a super-heavy-tonnage single steel drum road roller as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The rear articulated frame (2) includes a connecting plate (2-1), an intermediate support plate (2-2), and a fixed support plate (2-3); the connecting plate (2-1) is a rectangular plate; two fixed support plates (2-3) are provided, the two fixed support plates (2-3) are arranged in parallel, the two fixed support plates (2-3) are respectively connected to the two short edges of the connecting plate (2-1), and the fixed support plates (2-3) are arranged perpendicular to the plate surface of the connecting plate (2-1); the two long edges of the connecting plate (2-1) are symmetrically provided with rear frame connection holes (2-4) for detachable connection with the rear frame (17) through the rear frame connection bolt assembly (14); two intermediate support plates (2-2) are provided, the two intermediate support plates (2-2) are fixedly connected to the connecting plate (2-1) between the two fixed support plates (2-3) with a gap, and are perpendicular to the connecting plate (2-1) respectively.

4. A hinged multi-step swing mechanism for an ultra-heavy-tonnage single steel drum road roller as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The slewing bearing (3) includes a slewing bearing outer sleeve (3-1) and a slewing bearing inner shaft (3-2); the contact surface between the slewing bearing outer sleeve (3-1) and the slewing bearing inner shaft (3-2) is a mutually matching inclined surface, and the inclined surface is provided with multiple roller grooves in the circumferential direction, and the roller grooves are provided with balls (3-8).

5. The articulated multi-step swing mechanism for a super-heavy-tonnage single steel drum road roller as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The inner shaft (3-2) of the slewing bearing is an integral structure consisting of a ring (3-2-1) and a hollow frustum (3-2-2). The inner diameter of the ring (3-2-1) is the same as the inner diameter of the hollow frustum (3-2-2), and the height of the ring (3-2-1) is less than the height of the hollow frustum (3-2-2). The outer diameter of the connection between the hollow frustum (3-2-2) and the ring (3-2-1) is smaller than the outer diameter of the ring (3-2-1). Three steps are provided circumferentially on the outer wall of the hollow frustum (3-2-2). Each step, from near the ring (3-2-1) to away from the ring (3-2-1), has circumferentially ... The inner shaft of the slewing bearing has a third half-groove (3-7-2), a second half-groove (3-6-2), and a first half-groove (3-5-2). Each of these grooves is formed by mirroring two arcs with different curvatures. The radius of curvature of these two arcs is greater than the radius of the ball (3-8), resulting in a two-point contact between the ball (3-8) and the first half-groove (3-5-2), the second half-groove (3-6-2), and the third half-groove (3-7-2).

6. The articulated multi-step swing mechanism for a super-heavy-tonnage single steel drum road roller as described in claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a slewing bearing inner shaft baffle (3-3); the slewing bearing inner shaft baffle (3-3) is connected to one end of the hollow frustum cavity in the inner shaft of the slewing bearing (3-2) near the first half of the inner shaft groove (3-5-2) of the slewing bearing, and is used to seal the hollow frustum cavity.

7. The articulated multi-step swing mechanism for a super-heavy-tonnage single steel drum road roller as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The slewing bearing outer sleeve (3-1) is an integral structure composed of two rings with different outer diameters, and the height of the ring with the larger outer diameter is less than that of the ring with the smaller outer diameter. The inner diameter of the slewing bearing outer sleeve (3-1) gradually increases from the ring with the larger outer diameter to the ring with the smaller outer diameter, forming an inclined inner sidewall that matches the outer sidewall of the inner shaft (3-2) of the slewing bearing. The inner sidewall of the slewing bearing outer sleeve (3-1) has three circumferential steps. Each step from the ring with the larger outer diameter to the ring with the smaller outer diameter has an arc-shaped first half-groove (3-5-1), a second half-groove (3-6-1), and a third half-groove (3-8) for accommodating the balls (3-8). -7-1); The first half-groove (3-5-1) of the slewing bearing outer sleeve is correspondingly provided with the first half-groove (3-5-2) of the slewing bearing inner shaft on the inclined inner sidewall of the slewing bearing inner shaft (3-2), forming a first groove (3-5) to accommodate the ball (3-8); the second half-groove (3-6-1) of the slewing bearing outer sleeve is correspondingly provided with the second half-groove (3-6-2) of the slewing bearing inner shaft on the inclined inner sidewall of the slewing bearing inner shaft (3-2), forming a second groove (3-6) to accommodate the ball (3-8); the third half-groove (3-7-1) of the slewing bearing outer sleeve is correspondingly provided with the third half-groove (3-7-1) of the slewing bearing inner shaft on the inclined inner sidewall of the slewing bearing inner shaft (3-7-1), forming a second groove (3-6) to accommodate the ball (3-8); -7-2) Corresponding to the arrangement, a third groove (3-7) is formed to accommodate the balls (3-8); ball injection ports are opened through the side walls of the bearing sleeve (3-1) corresponding to the first groove (3-5), the second groove (3-6), and the third groove (3-7), and each ball injection port is detachably sealed with a plug; a grease filling hole (3-4) is opened through the side wall of the bearing sleeve (3-1) between the second half groove (3-6-1) and the third half groove (3-7-1) of the bearing sleeve, and the grease filling hole (3-4) is connected to the first half groove (3-5-1) and the second half groove of the bearing sleeve. (3-6-1) and the third half of the slewing bearing outer sleeve (3-7-1) are connected; a grease nipple (10) is connected to the outer port of the grease filling hole (3-4); the first half of the slewing bearing outer sleeve (3-5-1), the second half of the slewing bearing outer sleeve (3-6-1), and the third half of the slewing bearing outer sleeve (3-7-1) are all formed by mirroring two arcs with different curvatures, and the radius of curvature of the two arcs is greater than the radius of the ball (3-8), so that the contact between the ball (3-8) and the first half of the slewing bearing outer sleeve (3-5-1), the second half of the slewing bearing outer sleeve (3-6-1), and the third half of the slewing bearing outer sleeve (3-7-1) is a two-point contact.

8. The articulated multi-step swing mechanism for a super-heavy-tonnage single steel drum road roller as described in claim 7, characterized in that: A retaining ring (7) is connected to the outer periphery of the plug; the outer edge of the large-diameter ring in the slewing bearing outer sleeve (3-1) is evenly provided with multiple connecting through holes (3-9) along the height direction in a circular matrix. The connecting through holes (3-9) are used to detachably connect to the front frame (16) through the front frame connecting bolt assembly (13); the centers of the four arcs that constitute the second roller groove (3-6), the third roller groove (3-7) or the first roller groove (3-5) do not coincide, and the contact between the ball (3-8) and the second roller groove (3-6), the third roller groove (3-7) and the first roller groove (3-5) is a four-point contact.

9. A hinged multi-step swing system for an ultra-heavy-tonnage single-drum road roller, characterized in that: The heavy-duty single-drum roller articulated multi-step swing mechanism (15) as described in any one of claims 1-8 further includes a steering cylinder; the steering cylinder is articulated with the rear frame (17) and the front articulated frame (1) in the heavy-duty single-drum roller articulated multi-step swing mechanism (15) respectively through articulated pins.

10. A method for articulated multi-step swing of an ultra-heavy-tonnage single-drum road roller, characterized in that: The articulated multi-step swing system for a super-heavy-tonnage single steel drum roller as described in claim 9 includes the following steps: When the roller is working, the front frame (16) and the rear frame (17) are connected by the multi-step swing mechanism (15) of the heavy-duty single-drum roller to achieve relative rotation. When the roller turns, the steering cylinder moves to drive the front articulation frame (1) to rotate around the articulation pin, so as to achieve left and right turning of the whole vehicle. When the roller needs to swing up and down to adapt to uneven road surface, the front frame (16) and the rear frame (17) are connected by the inner shaft (3-2) of the slewing bearing (3) in the multi-step swing mechanism (15) of the heavy-duty single-drum roller to rotate relative to the outer sleeve (3-1) of the slewing bearing. The front frame (16) swings up and down relative to the front articulation frame (1) to adapt to the changes in the body posture caused by uneven road surface.

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