Spring strut for a motor vehicle and motor vehicle

Abstract

The invention relates to a spring strut of a motor vehicle and to a motor vehicle, the spring strut of the motor vehicle having at least one shock absorber strut with a shock absorber and a shock absorber rod, wherein the shock absorber has a shock absorber cover with a shock absorber rod passage, at least one stop spring which, in the region of a high compression stroke, abuts against the shock absorber cover on the one hand and against another chassis component or body component on the other hand, in order to limit the compression process, wherein the stop spring has a passage for the shock absorber, wherein the stop spring is arranged on the shock absorber cover, wherein, in the region of the shock absorber rod passage, a base socket is provided which supports the stop spring radially with respect to the shock absorber strut.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a spring strut for a motor vehicle and a motor vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] Motor vehicle spring struts and motor vehicles of the type described at the beginning are commonly known.

[0003] In some versions, the corresponding spring struts incorporate stop springs, also known as buffer blocks or auxiliary springs, which are an important component of the chassis. When a wheel, positioned on the chassis, encounters an uneven surface and the spring strut compresses sufficiently, the stop spring engages just before reaching maximum suspension travel. The stop spring, by contacting and compressing with an opposing stop surface, prevents a sudden, steep drop in the elastic characteristic curve, which would otherwise result in knocking noise and damage. Instead, the strong, gradual spring force from the additional action of the stop spring causes the overall elastic characteristic curve of the spring strut to be gently but strongly gradual, allowing the wheel suspension to compress gently and without severe, harmful impacts to maximum suspension travel. Thus, chassis components that are moving relative to each other do not collide too hard, protecting other chassis components and consequently the vehicle from damage. The stop spring absorbs some kinetic energy during compression and converts it into heat, which is stored in the stop spring material and released into the environment over time. Therefore, this stop spring is a short-term energy storage device. The corresponding stop springs are usually made of elastic materials such as rubber or polyurethane foam, and are often installed on the top side of the shock absorber or on the body of the vehicle.

[0004] The stop spring can be suspended or upright within the spring strut. In a suspended arrangement, the stop spring is typically positioned above a support element (such as a spring disc). As the compressive motion of the spring strut increases, the stop spring axially impacts the opposing element, such as the damper housing or disc. In an upright arrangement, the stop spring rests on a load-bearing structure, such as on the contact surface of the damper housing, the damper cover, or a separate housing, and is loaded from above during compressive motion.

[0005] In many integrated implementations, the stop spring surrounds the damper rod to achieve centralized and space-saving integration into the spring strut. This concentric arrangement allows for a compact structure and enables uniform force input during compressive motion.

[0006] CN 107882909 A discloses an air spring structure with an upright concentric damping block. The air spring includes an upper cover, an upper flange pressure ring, a rubber air bladder, a lower pressure ring, and a piston, which are connected to each other in this order. The upper opening of the rubber air bladder is fixed to the upper cover by the upper flange pressure ring. The upper cover has an inclined bulge. The lower opening of the rubber air bladder is fixed to the piston by the lower pressure ring. Furthermore, a piston cover is provided on the top side of the piston, on which a damping block is mounted. The damping block has a through-hole and divides the cavity formed by the rubber air bladder and the piston into a main cavity inside the rubber air bladder and an additional air chamber within the piston cavity region.

[0007] However, problems can arise, particularly with upright stop springs, during spring movement, especially when the stop spring is under compression. In this case, there is a risk that the stop spring may be squeezed into the damper rod through-hole of the damper cover. This could lead to mechanical damage to the stop spring and / or impairment of the damper's function, for example, due to increased friction or jamming effects. Summary of the Invention

[0008] Therefore, the objective of this invention is to further develop the spring struts of motor vehicles and motor vehicles of the type described at the beginning, so as to avoid damage to the stop springs and / or shock absorbers.

[0009] This task is accomplished using the spring struts of the vehicle and the vehicle itself.

[0010] A spring strut for a motor vehicle is described, which has: At least one vibration damping strut has a vibration damper and a vibration damper rod, wherein the vibration damper has a vibration damper cover with a vibration damper rod through-hole; At least one stop spring, which abuts against both a shock absorber cover and another chassis or body component in the high compression stroke region to limit the compression process, wherein the stop spring has a through-hole for the shock absorber. The stop spring is arranged on the damper cover, and a base tube is provided in the area through which the damper rod passes, which radially supports the stop spring relative to the damper support.

[0011] In many spring struts, the damper is positioned below, so that the stop spring is positioned upright on the damper in this case.

[0012] Stop springs are used to protect the chassis from hard impacts by moving, essentially inelastic chassis or body components over a long compression stroke, which could otherwise cause permanent deformation and damage. During this process, the stop spring absorbs energy and becomes hot. This heat is dissipated into the environment over time.

[0013] The base connector can be a partially tubular component. Its axial extension can be relatively small relative to its diameter, particularly with a diameter-to-height ratio in the range of 2 to 3, especially 2.5, i.e., an outer diameter of 25 mm corresponding to a height of 10 mm. The side of the base connector pointing towards the stop spring can have an end face, which can be substantially flat and may have a circumferential taper, chamfer, or fillet at the transition to the circumferential side to achieve optimized assembly of the stop spring. Alternatively, the base connector can be designed to open outwards like a tube, where a chamfer, fillet, or taper can also be provided on the outer side for installation purposes.

[0014] Here, the stop spring can be formed to abut the circumference of the base tube on the entire circumference or in multiple sections. In the case of non-full circumference abutment, at least two abutment zones can be provided, which are arranged concentrically with respect to the central axis, and in particular with respect to the shock absorber rod, along the diametrical direction.

[0015] The radial support of the stop spring relative to the damper strut ensures that the damper rod passage of the damper cover remains unobstructed when the stop spring is compressed, and the stop spring cannot deform and enter the damper rod passage. This prevents the stop spring from getting stuck and, consequently, from being damaged. This allows for sustained damper movement with minimal friction. Furthermore, it extends the life of the spring strut and simplifies its maintenance.

[0016] In a further embodiment of the first embodiment, the base tube may be integrally formed with the damper cover or formed as a separate component.

[0017] This reduces the number of parts and saves assembly work.

[0018] In another further embodiment, the base tube and the damper cover may be configured as separate components.

[0019] The separate construction of the base tube and the damper cover allows for the selection of different materials for these two components. In particular, the damper cover can be made of plastic, fiber-reinforced plastic, or metal, while the base tube is made of metal.

[0020] In another further embodiment, the shock absorber cover may be injection molded, wherein the base pipe is pressure-injected and encapsulated.

[0021] To perform pressure injection encapsulation (Umspritzen), the base tube can be placed into the injection mold, and then pressure injection encapsulation can be performed using the plastic material of the damper cover.

[0022] In another further embodiment, the base tube may be provided with an axially extending wall, wherein the stop spring is at least partially abutted against the axially extending wall.

[0023] If the wall or circumference of the base pipe extends substantially axially, the lateral force that may occur when the stop spring is compressed can be well compensated.

[0024] In another further embodiment, the base tube may be specified to be substantially axisymmetric and coaxially aligned with the damper rod.

[0025] Therefore, the base fitting may have a substantially cylindrical circumferential surface in the stop spring area.

[0026] In another further embodiment, the shock absorber cover may be made of steel plate, aluminum alloy and / or plastic, and / or the base pipe may be made of steel plate, aluminum alloy and / or plastic.

[0027] In another further embodiment, the spring support may be specified as an air spring support.

[0028] In another further embodiment, it may be specified that a rolling piston and a rolling airbag rolling on the rolling piston are provided, wherein the rolling piston is suspended and / or fixedly attached to the shock absorber relative to the shock absorber.

[0029] It has been shown that, in particular, a combination of a stop spring arranged on the damper cover and a spring strut suspended from a rolling piston arranged on the damper can be constructed in a particularly compact and inexpensive manner.

[0030] In another further embodiment, the damper cover, base nozzle, and / or rolling piston may be provided radially on the damper by means of support ribs and / or support skeins and / or support elements, wherein the support ribs and / or support skeins and / or support elements maintain unobstructed fluid connection between at least one rolling piston air chamber and at least one air chamber formed by a rolling air bladder.

[0031] The support rib, support spur, or support element specifically serves to prevent the corresponding component from tilting relative to the damper, especially when it has a diameter much larger than the damper and / or especially when forces are introduced into the component during compression and / or rebound.

[0032] The internal space of the rolling piston can serve as an additional air volume for the air spring. This is preferred because the relatively large internal volume of the rolling piston results in a smoother elastic characteristic curve. This fluid connection ensures good communication between the air volumes within the rolling air chamber and the rolling piston.

[0033] In another further embodiment, it may be specified that support ribs and / or support reinforcing ribs and / or support elements are formed on the base nozzle and / or rolling piston.

[0034] In another further embodiment, the shock absorber cover and the rolling piston may be configured as a multi-piece unit.

[0035] The multi-piece construction of the damper cover and rolling piston allows for greater freedom in material selection, enabling the use of more flexible materials for the damper cover than for the rolling piston, and vice versa. Furthermore, this allows for more complex geometries for both the damper cover and the rolling piston, which is not possible with one-piece injection-molded geometries.

[0036] In another further embodiment, the rolling piston and the damper cover may be constructed separately.

[0037] These two components can therefore be replaced independently during maintenance. Furthermore, this separate construction facilitates the low-cost and reliable manufacturing of individual components.

[0038] In another further embodiment, it may be specified that the damper cover is provided with a form-fitting section or form-fitting element for suspending the rolling piston.

[0039] This allows for precise positioning of the rolling piston during assembly. Furthermore, the form-fitting elements provide secure suspension and fixation of the rolling piston in the assembled state.

[0040] In another further embodiment, the base nozzle and / or damper cover may be specified to have at least one radially aligned vent.

[0041] This method can protect the stop surface of the stop spring from the influence of the vent.

[0042] In another further embodiment, it may be specified that the rolling piston has an airbag fixing area for fixing the rolling airbag, the airbag fixing area having a support ring.

[0043] Therefore, the rolling airbag can be secured to the rolling piston with high fixing force without compromising the structural integrity of the rolling piston. This is particularly advantageous when the rolling piston is made of plastic.

[0044] Another further embodiment specifies that the at least one stop spring is made of plastic, particularly microporous plastic, especially microporous polyurethane.

[0045] These materials can be well adapted to their respective requirements and can absorb a large amount of energy in a compact size.

[0046] The first independent subject concerns a motor vehicle having a spring strut of the aforementioned type. Attached Figure Description

[0047] Other features, details, and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description of embodiments based on the accompanying drawings. The drawings show: Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of a spring strut with a shock absorber cover having a base nozzle according to the first embodiment; Figures 2a to 2d for Figure 1 Different views of the shock absorber cover with base fitting; Figure 3 The vibration damper cover with base fitting in the second embodiment; Figures 4a to 4c Different views of the damper cover with base fitting in the third embodiment, and Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the damper cover with base fitting in the fourth embodiment.

[0048] List of reference numerals

[0049] 2 Spring Support

[0050] 4 Vibration damping struts

[0051] 4.1 Vibration dampers

[0052] 4.2 Vibration damper rod

[0053] 6, 6', 6'', 6''' Shock absorber cover

[0054] 6.1 Vibration damper rod through section

[0055] 6.2 Support Ribs

[0056] 6.4 Shape-fitting section

[0057] 6.5 Ventilation openings

[0058] 6.6 Outer Peripheral Surface

[0059] 6.7 End Face

[0060] 8, 8', 8'', 8''' Base receptacle

[0061] 8.1 Protrusion

[0062] 8.2 Supporting reinforcement

[0063] 8.3 Axially Extending Walls

[0064] 8.4 Corrugated Ring Plate

[0065] 8.5 Damper rod through section

[0066] 10 Stop springs

[0067] 10.1 Penetrating section

[0068] 10.2 Reception Section

[0069] 12, 12', 12'', 12''' Rolling piston

[0070] 12.1 Airbag Fixation Area

[0071] 12.2 Shape-fitting section

[0072] 12.3 Support Ring

[0073] 12.4 Flange

[0074] 12.5 Enclosure Components

[0075] 12.6 Air Chamber

[0076] 14 Rolling airbags

[0077] 14.1 Clamping Ring

[0078] 14.2 Air Chamber Detailed Implementation

[0079] For ease of reading, the same or functionally identical parts are given the same reference numerals in subsequent embodiments.

[0080] Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of spring support 2 is shown.

[0081] The spring strut 2 has a damping strut 4, which has a damper 4.1 and a damper rod 4.2 guided in the damper 4.1. The damping strut 4 also has a damper cover 6, which has a circular damper rod through-hole 6.1 through which the damper rod 4.2 is guided.

[0082] The damper cover 6 has an axially extending, generally cylindrical region that rests against the damper 4.1 by means of a plurality of support ribs 6.2. The support ribs 6.2 prevent the damper cover 6 from tilting relative to the damper 4.1 and keep it centered in the radial direction.

[0083] The damper cover 6 also has a base tube 8 forming a protrusion 8.1, which is substantially axially aligned. A stop spring 10 is coaxially provided on the damper cover 6, having a through portion 10.1 for the damper rod 4.2. The stop spring 10 has a receiving portion 10.2 surrounding the protrusion 8.1 of the base tube 8.

[0084] When the damping strut 4.1 is compressed, the stop spring 10 is compressed during the larger compression stroke. However, due to the base fitting 8, the compressed stop spring 10 cannot enter the area of ​​the damper rod through portion 6.1 of the damper rod 4.2, thereby preventing damage to the stop spring 10 and / or the damper 4.

[0085] The base tube 8 also has a corrugated ring plate 8.4. The corrugated ring plate 8.4 is used to secure the base tube 8 to the damper cover 6. For this purpose, it is encapsulated by pressure injection through an injection-molded portion, thereby forming a shape fit with the plastic. In addition, the corrugated ring plate 8.4 reinforces the end face 6.7 of the damper cover 6 to resist deformation caused by the axial load introduced by the stop spring 10.

[0086] A damper rod through-hole 8.5 is also arranged in the base pipe 8, through which the damper rod 4.2 can slide without contact. The damper rod through-hole 8.5 are concentrically aligned.

[0087] A rolling piston 12 is formed on the damper cover 6. In this embodiment, the damper cover 6 and the rolling piston 12 are integrally formed. A rolling airbag 14 rolls on the rolling piston 12 and is fixed in the airbag fixing area 12.1 of the rolling piston 12. The rolling piston 12 is generally constructed to be cylindrical; the rolling airbag 14 is capable of rolling upward or downward on it.

[0088] The rolling airbag 14 is secured within the airbag securing region 12.1 of the rolling piston 12. At the airbag securing region 12.1, a support ring 12.3 is machined into the rolling piston 12. The support ring 12.3 is designed to apply the reaction force required to clamp the rolling airbag 14 using the clamping ring 14.1. This is particularly important when the rolling piston is made of plastic.

[0089] The rolling airbag 14 has an air chamber 14.2. The rolling piston 12 has an air chamber 12.6, which, as shown in the following figures, is in fluid connection with the air chamber 14.2 of the rolling airbag 14 to increase the air volume within the enclosed area.

[0090] The rolling piston 12 is also provided with an annular shape-fitting section 12.1, the diameter of which is larger than the diameter of the clamping ring 14.1 of the rolling airbag 14. This ensures that the rolling airbag 14 will not slip downwards off the rolling piston 12.

[0091] An extended flange 12.4 is formed at the lower end of the rolling piston 12, and a sealing element 12.5 is fixed on the flange. The flange 12.4 is used to connect the sealing element 12.5 and the rolling piston 12, for example by hot gas welding.

[0092] Figures 2a to 2dDifferent enlarged views of the damper cover 6 with base pipe 8 are shown.

[0093] Figure 2a A vent 6.5 formed in the damper cover 6 is shown, establishing a fluid connection between air chamber 12.6 and air chamber 14.2. The vent 6.5 is arranged on the cylindrical outer peripheral surface 6.6 of the damper cover 6, thereby protecting the end face 6.7 of the damper cover 6 from the influence of the vent. This improves the structural stiffness of the end face 6.7.

[0094] Figure 2b A cross-sectional view of the damper cover 6 is shown. Here, axially aligned support ribs 6.2 are visible, allowing air to flow through the vents 6.5. The support ribs 6.2 also serve to secure the base pipe 8 to the damper cover 6 and to radially attach the damper cover to the damper.

[0095] Here, the base tube 8 is made of metal as a deep-drawn stamped part. To combine the base tube 8 and the damper cover 6, the prefabricated base tube 8 is placed into an injection mold, and then the damper cover 6 is molded by plastic pressure injection. In this process, the support rib 6.2 is formed.

[0096] As in Figure 2c As can be seen, the shock absorber rod through-hole 6.1 of the shock absorber cover 6 is concentrically aligned.

[0097] Figure 2d The base nozzle 8 is shown separately. A corrugated ring plate 8.4 with radial corrugations to increase its stiffness is visible.

[0098] Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of a second embodiment of the damper cover 6' with base nozzle 8' is shown.

[0099] In a corresponding embodiment, the base fitting 8' has a different construction from the aforementioned embodiment and has a support rib 8.2 on the axially extending wall 8.3, which is used to radially abut against the damper 4.1.

[0100] Furthermore, the rolling piston 12' is not integrally formed with the damper cover 6, but is a two-piece assembly. Therefore, the damper cover 6' has a form-fitting section 12.2 in which the rolling piston 12' is suspended. The damper cover 6' is made of deep-drawn steel, while the rolling piston 6' is made of aluminum.

[0101] To avoid repetition, please refer to the foregoing embodiments, the description of which is also applicable in other respects.

[0102] Figures 4a to 4c A third embodiment of a deep-drawn damper cover 6'' with a base nozzle 8'' is shown.

[0103] The damper cover 6'' and the base tube 8'' are two-piece constructions. As in the embodiment described last, the base tube 8'' is constructed in a basin shape and has an axially extending wall 8.3 with supporting ribs 8.2.

[0104] The rolling piston 12'' is integrally formed on the shock absorber cover 6''. The shock absorber cover 6'' is made of metal, preferably aluminum.

[0105] To avoid repetition, please refer to the foregoing embodiments, the description of which is also applicable in other respects.

[0106] Figure 5 The fourth embodiment of the shock absorber cover 6''' is shown.

[0107] In the damper cover 6''', the damper cover and the base fitting are partially formed of plastic as a single piece. For example, the protrusion 8.1 is part of the damper cover 6'''.

[0108] To reinforce the damper cover 6''', a corrugated metal ring plate 8.4 was inserted, which was secured by support ribs 6.2. A support ring 12.3 was also provided.

[0109] The rolling piston 12''' is integrally formed with the shock absorber cover 6'''.

[0110] In other embodiments not shown, the rolling piston 12''' may also be formed as a two-piece with the damper cover 6.

[0111] To avoid repetition, please refer to the foregoing embodiments, the description of which is also applicable in other respects.

[0112] The present invention is not limited to one of the embodiments described above, but can be varied in many ways.

[0113] All features and advantages derived from the specification and drawings, including structural details, spatial arrangements and method steps, can be important features of the invention, either on their own or in the most different combinations.

Claims

1. A spring strut (2) for a motor vehicle, said spring strut having: - At least one vibration damping strut (4), the vibration damping strut (4) having a vibration damper (4.1) and a vibration damper rod (4.2), wherein, The damper (4.1) has a damper cover (6; 6'; 6''; 6''') with a damper rod through portion (6.1); - At least one stop spring (10) that, in the region of high compression stroke, abuts against the shock absorber cover (6; 6'; 6''; 6''') on one hand and against another chassis or body component on the other, thereby limiting the compression process, wherein the stop spring (10) has a through-hole (10.1) for the shock absorber (4.1), The stop spring (10) is arranged on the damper cover (6; 6'; 6''; 6'''), and a base tube (8; 8'; 8'', 8''') is provided in the area of ​​the damper rod through part (6.1), and the base tube radially supports the stop spring (10) relative to the damping column (4).

2. The spring support (2) according to claim 1, wherein, The base fitting (8; 8'; 8'', 8''') is integrally formed with the damper cover (6; 6'; 6''; 6''') or formed as a separate component.

3. The spring support (2) according to claim 2, wherein, The base fitting (8; 8'; 8'') and the damper cover (6; 6'; 6'') are formed as separate components, and / or wherein, The shock absorber cover (6; 6'; 6'') is injection molded, wherein the base connector (8; 8'; 8'') is pressure-injected encapsulated.

4. The spring support (2) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, The base fitting (8; 8'; 8'', 8''') has an axially extending wall (8.3), wherein the stop spring (10) is at least partially abutted against the axially extending wall (8.3).

5. The spring support (2) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, The base fittings (8; 8'; 8'', 8''') are substantially axisymmetric and coaxially aligned with the damper rod (4.2).

6. The spring strut (2) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, The shock absorber cover (6; 6'; 6''; 6''') is made of steel plate, aluminum alloy and / or plastic, and / or the base connector (8; 8'; 8'', 8''') is made of steel plate, aluminum alloy and / or plastic.

7. The spring support (2) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, The spring support (2) is an air spring support (3).

8. The spring support (2) according to claim 7, wherein, The spring support is an air spring support (2), wherein a rolling piston (12; 12'; 12''; 12''') and a rolling airbag (14) rolling on the rolling piston (12; 12'; 12''; 12) are provided, wherein the rolling piston (12; 12'; 12''; 12''') is suspended on the damper (4.1) and / or fixedly attached to the damper (4.1) relative to the damper (4.1).

9. The spring support (2) according to claim 7 or 8, wherein, The damper cover (6; 6'; 6''; 6'''), base fitting (8; 8'; 8'', 8''') and / or rolling piston (12; 12'; 12''; 12''') are radially supported on the damper (4.1) by means of support ribs (6.2, 8.2) and / or support ribs and / or support elements, wherein the support ribs (6.2) and / or support ribs and / or support elements maintain unobstructed fluid connection between at least one rolling piston air chamber (14.2) and at least one air chamber (14.2) formed by the rolling air bladder (14).

10. The spring support (2) according to claim 8 or 9, wherein, The support ribs (6.2, 8.2) and / or support reinforcing ribs and / or support elements are formed on the base fittings (8; 8'; 8'', 8''') and / or rolling pistons (12; 12'; 12''; 12''').

11. The spring strut (2) according to any one of claims 8 to 10, wherein, The shock absorber cover (6; 6'; 6''; 6''') and the rolling piston (12; 12'; 12''; 12''') are configured as a multi-piece unit.

12. The spring strut (2) according to any one of claims 8 to 11, wherein, The rolling piston (12; 12'; 12''; 12''') and the damper cover (6; 6'; 6''; 6''') are formed separately.

13. The spring support (2) according to claim 12, wherein, The damper cover (6; 6'; 6''; 6''') is provided with a shape-fitting section (6.4) or shape-fitting element for suspending the rolling piston (12; 12'; 12''; 12''').

14. The spring strut (2) according to any one of claims 8 to 11, wherein, The base fitting (8; 8'; 8'', 8''') and / or the damper cover (6; 6'; 6''; 6''') has at least one radially aligned vent (6.5).

15. The spring support (2) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, The rolling piston (12; 12'; 12''; 12''') is provided with an airbag fixing area (12.1) for fixing the rolling airbag (14), and the airbag fixing area has a support ring (12.3).

16. A motor vehicle having a spring strut (2) according to any one of claims 1 to 15.

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