Self-water-tank type three-medium heat exchange system for hydraulic retarder

Abstract

The application provides a self-water tank type three-medium heat exchange system for a hydraulic retarder, and relates to the technical field of energy-saving heat exchange. The self-water tank type three-medium heat exchange system for the hydraulic retarder comprises a box body, a cavity assembly arranged in the box body and used for working and cooling the retarder rotor, a water storage cavity, a partition cavity and a working cavity arranged in the box body, a liquid spraying assembly arranged in the partition cavity and used for cooling the working cavity, a plurality of fixed pipes fixedly arranged in the partition cavity, a rotating pipe rotatably arranged on the fixed pipe, and liquid in the water storage cavity being sucked out by the rotating pipe and acting on the surface of the working cavity for cooling the working cavity when the retarder works. The temperature of the outer wall is effectively reduced through evaporation of the liquid, and the situation that the liquid is directly arranged outside the working cavity and the small volume of the box body leads to boiling of the high-temperature liquid is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of energy-saving heat exchange technology, and in particular to a self-water tank type three-medium heat exchange system for a hydraulic retarder. Background Technology

[0002] As a key auxiliary braking device for heavy vehicles, hydraulic retarders convert the vehicle's kinetic energy into hydraulic heat energy during operation, generating a huge heat load. Most current mainstream hydraulic retarders adopt an independent water tank circulation cooling scheme, that is, a closed water jacket is set on the outside of the retarder's working chamber, and the heat from the chamber wall and hydraulic fluid is carried away by the internal circulating water.

[0003] However, existing equipment has significant drawbacks in use. Due to the limited space of the vehicle chassis, the volume of the independent water tank is usually extremely limited, and the water storage capacity is much smaller than that of the engine's main cooling system. When the vehicle is in a continuous braking condition such as a long downhill slope, the heat generated by the retarder rises sharply. The limited water volume is heated to the boiling temperature in a short time, causing the water tank to boil over. Once the coolant boils, its latent heat of vaporization cannot be effectively utilized, the heat exchange capacity of the water side drops sharply, and the oil temperature rises rapidly. This not only reduces braking performance but also accelerates the high-temperature deterioration of the oil and the aging and failure of the seals. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and to propose a self-water tank type three-medium heat exchange system for a hydraulic retarder.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A self-water tank type three-medium heat exchange system for a hydraulic retarder includes: a tank body, and a cavity assembly disposed within the tank body for the operation and cooling of the retarder rotor. The cavity assembly includes a water storage cavity, a partition cavity, and a working cavity disposed within the tank body. The partition cavity is equipped with a liquid spraying assembly for cooling the working chamber. The liquid spraying assembly includes multiple fixed tubes fixedly installed in the partition cavity. A rotating tube is rotatably installed on the fixed tube. When the retarder is working, the rotating tube draws out the liquid from the water storage chamber and acts on the surface of the working chamber to cool it down. When the retarder rotor is working, an airflow is generated and enters the working chamber, which disperses the liquid and splashes it onto the surface of the working chamber. The water flow sprayed by the liquid spraying assembly is adjusted according to the rotation speed of the retarder rotor.

[0006] Preferably, the housing is further provided with an oil storage chamber that communicates with the working chamber for oil storage, and an electrically controlled valve is provided between the oil storage chamber and the working chamber. The housing is also provided with a collection chamber for liquid condensation recovery, and the water storage chamber communicates with the collection chamber.

[0007] Preferably, the housing is provided with an airflow pipe and an oil pipe. The airflow pipe is arranged in a ring around the water storage cavity, and both ends of the airflow pipe are located in the partition cavity. An exhaust pipe communicating with the outside is provided on the partition cavity. A recovery box for liquid condensation recovery is provided on the water storage cavity, and the recovery box is communicating with the collection cavity.

[0008] Preferably, the oil pipe is arranged in a ring around the water storage chamber, with one end of the oil pipe communicating with the working chamber and the other end being provided with a liquid circulation assembly. The liquid circulation assembly is communicating with the collection chamber and the oil storage tank, and an electric pressure relief valve is provided on the collection chamber.

[0009] Preferably, the liquid circulation assembly includes a fixed cylinder fixedly installed inside the housing. The fixed cylinder is provided with a circulating oil chamber and a supply chamber. A piston plate is slidably installed in both chambers, and a solenoid valve is installed on the piston plate. A piston rod is slidably installed inside the fixed cylinder and is fixedly installed with the piston plate. A cam is provided on the rotor shaft of the retarder to movably contact the piston rod. Two hoses are provided on both the supply chamber and the circulating oil chamber. One hose of the supply chamber communicates with the collection chamber, and the other hose communicates with the rotating pipe. The other end of the oil pipe communicates with the circulating oil chamber. One hose extends into the oil storage chamber, and the other hose extends to the outside of the housing.

[0010] Preferably, the spraying assembly further includes an adjusting disc disposed on the fixed tube and the rotating tube, and a first gear is disposed on the outer side of the rotating tube.

[0011] Preferably, an airflow assembly is provided on the rotor shaft of the retarder. The airflow assembly includes a fixed ring fixedly mounted on the rotor shaft and a sliding disk slidably mounted on the fixed ring. A tension spring is provided between the fixed ring and the sliding disk. Two counterweight balls are also hinged between the fixed ring and the sliding disk. Multiple fan blades are rotatably mounted on the fixed ring, and a second gear is provided at the end of each fan blade. Multiple first racks that mesh with the second gears are fixedly mounted on the sliding disk. Multiple air ducts are provided on the housing, with one end of each air duct extending into the partition cavity and the other end located behind the fan blades.

[0012] Preferably, a steel wire rope is installed inside the air duct, with one end of the steel wire rope fixed to the sliding disc and the other end fixedly provided with multiple second racks that mesh with the first gear.

[0013] Preferably, an annular air plate is provided inside the partition cavity, and the air plate is in communication with the air duct. One end of the rotating tube is located on the inner wall of the air plate, and one end of the airflow tube is also located on the inner wall of the air plate. The other end of the airflow tube is located on the outer wall of the air plate.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: The liquid circulation component simultaneously circulates and cools the high-temperature oil in the working chamber and sprays evaporative cooling onto the outer wall of the working chamber. This allows the oil to exchange heat and cool down within the water storage chamber before re-entering the slow-moving system. Simultaneously, the evaporative spray removes heat from the outer wall, achieving a dual cooling effect for both the oil and the chamber wall. This effectively prevents high-temperature oil deterioration and avoids the cooling water directly surrounding the outside of the working chamber, which could lead to insufficient water in the tank and boiling over. Evaporation absorbs heat, thus improving heat dissipation. The liquid cooling system circulates the oil, achieving cooling through oil, water, and air. The water vapor generated by evaporation is introduced into a spiral airflow pipe within the water storage chamber, where it is condensed and recovered using the cooling water. The condensate is then circulated back into the water storage chamber for spraying, achieving a closed-loop water resource recycling effect. Simultaneously, the unliquefied cooling gas during the condensation process re-enters the partition cavity for secondary air cooling, improving thermal energy utilization efficiency. Meanwhile, the continuous rotation of the rotor shaft drives the piston rod to reciprocate, continuously pressurizing the oil reservoir while the retarder is not working, ensuring that the oil reservoir always maintains the set pressure. This achieves the effect of rapid oil injection into the working chamber when the retarder starts, shortening the braking response time and effectively overcoming the flow lag problem caused by oil viscosity, thus improving vehicle braking safety. By utilizing the change in rotor shaft speed to drive the centrifugal force change of the counterweight ball, the fan blade angle and spray volume are adjusted in conjunction with the sliding disc, achieving a synchronous adjustment effect of increasing the fan blade frontal area and spray volume when the rotor shaft is at low speed. This allows the air cooling and liquid cooling capabilities to be automatically enhanced under the low-speed, high-torque conditions of the retarder, avoiding excessive heat dissipation and energy waste during high-speed, light-load conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure from the left side of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the front view structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the rear view structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure from the right side view of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the rear-view cross-sectional structure of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the rear-view cross-sectional structure of the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the airflow tube of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the liquid circulation component structure of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the liquid circulation component of the present invention; Figure 10This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention from the right-side view. Figure 1 ; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the invention from the right-side view. Figure 2 ; Figure 12 This is a partial rear-view structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the front-view structure of the present invention.

[0016] In the diagram: 1. Housing; 2. Cavity assembly; 21. Water storage chamber; 22. Partition chamber; 23. Working chamber; 24. Oil storage chamber; 25. Collection chamber; 212. Airflow pipe; 213. Oil pipe; 214. Recovery box; 3. Spraying assembly; 31. Fixed pipe; 32. Rotating pipe; 33. Adjusting disc; 34. First gear; 4. Liquid circulation assembly; 41. Fixed cylinder; 42. Piston plate; 43. Solenoid valve; 45. Piston rod; 46. Cam; 5. Airflow assembly; 51. Fixed ring; 52. Sliding disc; 53. Tension spring; 54. Counterweight ball; 55. First rack; 56. Fan blade; 57. Second gear; 58. Steel wire rope; 59. Second rack; 6. Air vane. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0018] The terms used in this invention, such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "middle," and "one," are merely for clarity of description and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Any changes or adjustments to their relative relationships, without substantially altering the technical content, should also be considered within the scope of the invention.

[0019] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0020] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0021] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "embodiment," "one embodiment," "some implementations," "exemplary," and "one implementation," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or implementation is included in at least one embodiment or implementation of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or implementation. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or implementations.

[0022] The terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature.

[0023] Combination Figures 1-13 This invention provides a self-water tank type three-medium heat exchange system for a hydraulic retarder, including: a tank 1, and a cavity assembly 2 disposed in the tank 1 for the operation and cooling of the retarder rotor. The cavity assembly 2 includes a water storage cavity 21, a partition cavity 22 and a working cavity 23 disposed in the tank 1. A liquid spraying assembly 3 for cooling the working chamber 23 is installed inside the partition cavity 22. The liquid spraying assembly 3 includes multiple fixed pipes 31 fixedly installed inside the partition cavity 22. Rotating pipes 32 are rotatably mounted on the fixed pipes 31. When the retarder is working, the rotating pipes 32 draw liquid from the water storage chamber 21 and apply it to the surface of the working chamber 23 for cooling. When the retarder rotor is working, airflow is generated and enters the partition cavity 22, dispersing the liquid and spraying it onto the surface of the working chamber 23. The water flow from the liquid spraying assembly 3 is adjusted according to the rotation speed of the retarder rotor. Figure 1 , Figure 4 and Figure 12The retarder is located on the rear axle of the vehicle, and its rotor shaft is connected to the vehicle's drive shaft. Initially, the oil in the working chamber 23 is extracted, minimizing resistance between the rotor and stator. When the retarder operates, oil enters the working chamber 23, creating liquid resistance and thus achieving deceleration. As the liquid enters the working chamber 23, the rotor and stator agitate the oil, generating high temperatures. At this point, the fixed pipe 31, in conjunction with the rotating pipe 32, extracts the liquid from the water storage chamber 21 and atomizes it onto the outer wall of the working chamber 23, i.e., the inner wall of the partition chamber 22. The atomized liquid contacts the high-temperature outer wall, causing instantaneous evaporation. This evaporation effectively reduces the temperature of the outer wall, preventing the liquid from boiling over due to its small volume and direct contact with the outside of the working chamber 23. When the retarder rotor rotates, external airflow enters the partition chamber 22. The gas can effectively disperse the atomized liquid in the fixed tube 31 and the rotating tube 32, allowing it to be evenly sprayed onto the outer wall of the working chamber 23, improving the atomization effect and increasing heat dissipation. When the steam generated by atomization is discharged, it condenses, which can fully recover the water in the liquid and reduce liquid loss. When the working chamber 23 is not working, heat will still be generated on its surface due to friction in the liquid inside the working chamber 23. Since the retarder rotor is always rotating, airflow always enters the partition chamber 22 to cool the surface of the working chamber 23, ensuring that the working chamber 23 is always at a low temperature during operation. This further improves the working efficiency of the equipment and makes the equipment more convenient to operate. At the same time, it ensures that the oil entering the working chamber 23 is always at a low temperature, further improving the retarder's slowing effect.

[0024] Preferred, Reference Figure 4 and Figure 5 The housing 1 also includes an oil storage chamber 24 that communicates with the working chamber 23 for oil storage, and an electrically controlled valve is installed between the oil storage chamber 24 and the working chamber 23. The housing 1 also includes a collection chamber 25 for liquid condensation and recovery, which communicates with the water storage chamber 21. When the retarder is not working, the oil is stored in the oil storage chamber 24, and the working chamber 23 is hollow, meaning the retarder has no retardation effect. When the retarder is working, the electrically controlled valve opens, and the oil in the oil storage chamber 24 enters the working chamber 23. The oil creates resistance to the stator and rotor, achieving a retardation effect. When the water sprayed from the rotating pipe 32 evaporates on the outer wall of the working chamber 23, the evaporated gas flows back and condenses, and the condensed liquid enters the collection chamber 25 for collection. Since the collection chamber 25 and the water storage chamber 21 are connected, the condensed liquid re-enters the water storage chamber 21 for subsequent cooling.

[0025] Preferred, Reference Figure 4 and Figure 10The housing 1 is equipped with an airflow pipe 212 and an oil pipe 213. The airflow pipe 212 is arranged in a ring around the water storage chamber 21, and both ends of the airflow pipe 212 are located in the partition chamber 22. An exhaust pipe communicating with the outside is provided on the partition chamber 22. A recovery box 214 for liquid condensation recovery is provided on the water storage chamber 21, and the recovery box 214 is interconnected with the collection chamber 25. The airflow pipe 212 is spirally arranged around the water storage chamber 21, that is, when the liquid is sprayed onto the outer surface of the working chamber 23 and evaporates, the evaporated gas enters from one end of the airflow pipe 212. Because the airflow pipe 212 is equipped with an exhaust pipe 212, the exhaust pipe 212 is equipped with an exhaust pipe 212, and ... Multiple baffles are used, and the airflow pipe 212 is located inside the water storage chamber 21. When the evaporated gas passes through the airflow pipe 212, it is condensed, and the gas discharged at the same time is the cooling gas. When the gas condenses, the liquid produced by condensation enters the recovery box 214 for collection, while the cooling gas re-enters the partition chamber 22 and is then discharged to the outside of the equipment through the exhaust pipe on the partition chamber 22. The cooling gas can achieve secondary cooling, and when the liquid collected in the recovery box 214 reaches a certain amount, it is discharged into the collection chamber 25, realizing gas circulation and condensate collection during condensation, and avoiding the situation where the gas is discharged before condensation.

[0026] Preferred, Reference Figure 4 The oil pipe 213 is arranged in a ring around the water storage chamber 21, with one end of the oil pipe 213 communicating with the working chamber 23 and the other end equipped with a liquid circulation assembly 4. The liquid circulation assembly 4 communicates with the collection chamber 25, and an electric pressure relief valve is installed on the collection chamber 25. When the oil enters the working chamber 23 from the oil storage chamber 24, the oil temperature rises due to the action of the stator and rotor. At this time, the liquid circulation assembly 4 draws out the liquid in the working chamber 23. Since the oil pipe 213 is located in the water storage chamber 21, the liquid in the water storage chamber 21 can cool the oil. The cooled liquid enters the oil storage chamber 24 and is circulated back to the working chamber 23, realizing the circulation and cooling of the oil and improving the cooling effect of the oil. When the equipment does not need to slow down, the electric control valve is closed, and the oil is left in the oil storage chamber 24 again, making the working chamber 23 hollow again, forming a periodic operation.

[0027] Preferred, Reference Figure 8 and Figure 9The liquid circulation assembly 4 includes a fixed cylinder 41 fixedly installed inside the housing 1. The fixed cylinder 41 contains a circulating oil chamber and a supply chamber. Piston plates 42 are slidably installed in both chambers, and solenoid valves 43 are installed on the piston plates 42. A piston rod 45 is slidably installed inside the fixed cylinder 41 and is fixedly installed to the piston plate 42. A cam 46 is installed on the rotor shaft of the retarder, which is in movable contact with the piston rod 45. Two hoses are installed on both the supply chamber and the circulating oil chamber. One hose of the supply chamber communicates with the collection chamber 25, and the other hose communicates with the rotating pipe 32. The other end of the oil pipe 213 communicates with the circulating oil chamber, and one of the hoses... One hose extends into the oil storage chamber 24, and another hose extends to the outside of the housing 1. The fixed cylinder 41 has two working states: the retarder is working and the retarder is not working. When the retarder is not working, the solenoid valve 43 in the supply chamber is normally open, while the solenoid valve 43 in the circulation chamber is intermittently open and closed. The rotor rotates continuously, and when the rotor rotates, it drives the cam 46 to rotate. When the cam 46 pushes the piston rod 45 down, the solenoid valve 43 in the circulation chamber opens, and the hose connected to the outside also opens. When the piston rod 45 moves upward under the action of the return spring, the solenoid valve 43 on the piston plate 42 closes, and the gas compressed by the upward movement of the piston plate 42 enters the oil storage chamber 24. Inside, the lower side of the piston plate 42 draws in air through an external hose; as the piston rod 45 reciprocates, the amount of gas entering the oil storage chamber 24 gradually increases. Because a one-way valve is installed on the hose connecting to the oil storage chamber 24, high-pressure gas gradually forms in the oil storage chamber 24 as gas continuously enters. When the oil storage chamber 24 is connected to the working chamber 23, the gas pressure accelerates the oil flow rate, allowing it to quickly enter the working chamber 23, shortening the equipment response time and preventing the flow rate from being too slow due to the viscosity of the liquid. A pressure limiting valve is installed on the oil storage chamber 24. When the equipment is not working, gas continuously enters the oil storage chamber 24. When the gas in the oil storage chamber 24 reaches a certain pressure, the pressure limiting valve... The gas in the oil storage chamber 24 is depressurized to ensure that the oil storage chamber 24 is always full of pressure, ensuring the operation of the equipment. When the retarder is working, the solenoid valves 43 in the circulating oil chamber and the liquid supply chamber are intermittently open. When the equipment starts to slow down, the piston rod 45 descends, the solenoid valve 43 opens, and the liquid at the bottom of the piston plate 42 flows to its upper side through the solenoid valve 43. When the piston rod 45 rises, the solenoid valve 43 closes, and the liquid on the upper side of the piston plate 42 is pushed by the thrust, pushing the oil into the oil storage chamber 24 and the water into the rotating tube 32. When the piston plate 42 rises, the bottom of the piston plate 42 is in a liquid-drawing state, that is, the liquid in the working chamber 23 is drawn out, and the water is also drawn into the liquid supply chamber.When the piston rod 45 descends again, the above steps are repeated, so that the hot oil in the working chamber 23 is drawn out, cooled by the water storage chamber 21, and the cold oil is pressed into the oil storage chamber 24 and circulated back into the working chamber 23. The liquid is pressed into the rotating tube 32 and sprayed on the outer wall of the working chamber 23 to cool the working chamber 23. At the same time, the pressurization effect of the oil storage chamber 24 is achieved, that is, the heat exchange of the liquid is realized, while ensuring the efficiency of cold oil discharge. Preferred, Reference Figure 12 The spray assembly 3 also includes an adjusting disc 33 disposed on the fixed pipe 31 and the rotating pipe 32, and a first gear 34 is disposed on the outer side of the rotating pipe 32. When the air holes on the two adjusting discs 33 are connected, the liquid passes through the air holes and is sprayed out from the end of the rotating pipe 32 to achieve spray evaporation and cooling. When the rotating pipe 32 rotates, the size of the air holes on the adjusting disc 33 changes, which can adjust the spray volume. That is, the faster the retarder rotates, the higher the oil temperature and the more water is sprayed. The slower the retarder rotates, the lower the oil temperature and the less liquid is sprayed, thus reducing water loss.

[0028] Preferred, Reference Figure 13 An airflow assembly 5 is provided on the rotor shaft of the retarder. The airflow assembly 5 includes a fixed ring 51 fixedly mounted on the rotor shaft and a sliding disk 52 slidably mounted on the fixed ring 51. A tension spring 53 is provided between the fixed ring 51 and the sliding disk 52. Two counterweight balls 54 are also hinged between the fixed ring 51 and the sliding disk 52. Multiple fan blades 56 are rotatably mounted on the fixed ring 51, and a second gear 57 is provided at the end of each fan blade 56. Multiple first racks 55 that mesh with the second gear 57 are fixedly mounted on the sliding disk 52. Multiple air ducts are provided on the housing 1, with one end of each air duct extending into the partition cavity 22 and the other end located behind the fan blades 56. The rotor rotates continuously, that is, when the rotor rotates, it always drives the fan blades 56 to rotate. The generated airflow enters the partition cavity 22 through the air ducts and affects the outer surface of the working chamber 23. The wall is cooled; the cooled airflow is discharged through the airflow pipe 212, and the discharged cooling airflow re-enters the partition cavity 22 for secondary cooling. Then the exhaust gas is discharged to the outside of the equipment. When the retarder is not working, the rotor shaft rotates at high speed, and the surfaces of the fan blade 56 and the fixed ring 51 gradually become horizontal, resulting in low resistance of the fan blade 56. When the rotor shaft decelerates, i.e., when the retarder needs to work, the centrifugal force of the counterweight ball 54 decreases when the shaft rotates, and the tension spring 53 pushes the sliding disk 52 to move. The first rack 55 on the sliding disk 52 pulls the second gear 57 to rotate, causing the angle of the fan blade 56 to gradually deflect. When the fan blade 56 deflects, the airflow entering the partition cavity 22 is increased by changing the angle of the fan blade 56, ensuring that a large airflow still enters the partition cavity 22 when the rotor shaft is at low speed, thus ensuring the cooling effect of the working chamber 23.

[0029] Preferred, Reference Figure 4 and Figure 12A steel wire rope 58 is installed inside the air duct, with one end of the steel wire rope 58 fixed to the sliding disc 52 and the other end fixed with multiple second racks 59 that mesh with the first gear 34. When the sliding disc 52 moves, that is, the rotor shaft speed slows down and the centrifugal force of the counterweight ball 54 decreases, the tension of the steel wire rope 58 loosens, and the second racks 59 move radially under the influence of the return spring. At the same time, the second racks 59 drive the first gear 34 to rotate, which in turn drives the rotating tube 32 to rotate. The air holes of the regulating disc 33 are enlarged, thereby realizing the liquid flow regulation. This allows the equipment to adjust the air cooling and liquid cooling effects according to the working environment of the rotor shaft.

[0030] Preferred, Reference Figure 4 and Figure 13 An annular air plate 6 is provided inside the partition cavity 22, and the air plate 6 is interconnected with the air duct. One end of the rotating pipe 32 is located on the inner wall of the air plate 6, and one end of the airflow pipe 212 is also located on the inner wall of the air plate 6, while the other end of the airflow pipe 212 is located on the outer wall of the air plate 6. The air plate 6 is annular, dividing the partition cavity 22 into two parts. The rotating pipe 32 is located on the inner wall of the air plate 6 and opposite to the outer wall of the working cavity 23, which can ensure that the rotating pipe 32 cools the outer wall of the working cavity 23. The evaporated airflow is led out through the end of the airflow pipe 212, and the cooled airflow is introduced into the partition cavity 22, which can perform secondary cooling of the partition cavity 22. Since the air holes on the air plate 6 and the rotating pipe 32 are spaced apart, when the gas is discharged through the air holes, it can disperse the liquid sprayed by the rotating pipe 32 and splash it onto the outer wall of the working cavity 23, forming an evaporative heat dissipation effect.

[0031] Working principle The retarder's rotor shaft is connected to the vehicle's drive shaft, and the rotor shaft rotates continuously with the vehicle's movement. Initially, the oil in the reservoir 24 is sealed by an electronically controlled valve, and there is no oil in the working chamber 23. There is no fluid resistance between the rotor and stator, and the retarder does not produce a braking effect. When the retarder is not working, the solenoid valve 43 in the supply chamber is normally open, while the solenoid valve 43 in the circulating oil chamber is intermittently open and closed. The rotor shaft rotates continuously, driving the piston rod 45 in the fixed cylinder 41 to reciprocate under the action of the cam 46. When the cam 46 pushes the piston rod 45 down, the solenoid valve 43 in the circulating oil chamber opens, and the gas below the piston plate 42 is discharged to the top of the piston plate 42 via the solenoid valve 43. When the piston rod 45 moves upward under the action of the return spring, the solenoid valve 43 on the piston plate 42 closes, and the gas above the piston plate 42 is compressed and continuously pumped into the reservoir 24 through a hose equipped with a one-way valve. The piston rod 45 reciprocates, and gas continuously enters the oil reservoir 24, gradually building up a high-pressure environment within it. When the gas pressure in the oil reservoir 24 reaches the set value of the pressure relief valve, the valve automatically opens to release pressure, ensuring that the oil reservoir 24 always maintains a stable pressure reserve.

[0032] When the vehicle needs to decelerate, the electronically controlled valve opens, and the oil in the oil reservoir 24 is rapidly injected into the working chamber 23 under the action of pre-stored high-pressure gas, shortening the oil filling time and allowing the retarder to quickly enter the working state. The rotor agitates the oil, generating liquid resistance to achieve vehicle deceleration. At the same time, the agitation of the oil generates a large amount of heat, causing the temperature of the outer wall of the working chamber 23 to rise. When the rotor shaft rotates, the fixed ring 51 rotates synchronously with the rotor shaft, and the fan blades 56 on the fixed ring 51 rotate to generate airflow. When the rotor shaft speed is high, the centrifugal force of the counterweight ball 54 is large, the tension spring 53 is stretched, the sliding disk 52 is in a high position, and the fan blades 56 tend to be horizontal, resulting in low wind resistance. When the rotor shaft decelerates, the centrifugal force of the counterweight ball 54 decreases, the tension spring 53 pulls the sliding disk 52 to slide along the fixed ring 51, and the first rack 55 on the sliding disk 52 drives the second gear 57 to rotate, causing the angle of the fan blades 56 to gradually deflect, increasing the frontal area of ​​the fan blades 56, and generating a larger air volume at low speeds. The airflow generated by the fan blades 56 enters the partition cavity 22 through the air duct, and then enters the outer wall area of ​​the working chamber 23 through the air holes on the annular air plate 6. Simultaneously, as the sliding disc 52 moves, the tension of the wire rope 58 changes, causing the second rack 59 to move radially, driving the first gear 34 to rotate, which in turn drives the rotating tube 32 to rotate. When the rotating tube 32 rotates, the adjusting disc 33 at its end rotates relative to the adjusting disc 33 on the fixed tube 31. The alignment of the air holes on the adjusting disc 33 changes, determining the amount of liquid sprayed: the lower the rotor shaft speed, the smaller the centrifugal force of the counterweight ball 54, the greater the displacement of the sliding disc 52, the larger the rotation angle of the rotating tube 32, the larger the opening of the air holes on the adjusting disc 33, and the greater the amount of liquid sprayed.

[0033] The liquid circulation assembly 4 operates as the cam 46 on the rotor shaft rotates: the piston rod 45 inside the fixed cylinder 41 is periodically squeezed by the cam 46, and reciprocating motion is achieved in conjunction with the return spring. In the retarder's operating state, the solenoid valve 43 in the supply chamber opens and closes intermittently. When the piston rod 45 rises, the solenoid valve 43 closes, and the liquid above the piston plate 42 is pushed into the rotating tube 32 and the oil storage chamber 24; simultaneously, a negative pressure is generated below the piston plate 42, drawing the high-temperature oil in the working chamber 23 into the supply chamber through the oil pipe 213, and simultaneously drawing the cooling water in the collection chamber 25 into the supply chamber. When the piston rod 45 falls, the solenoid valve 43 opens, and the liquid above the piston plate 42 flows through the solenoid valve 43 to below the piston plate 42, completing the working cycle. High-temperature oil drawn into the supply chamber flows through oil pipe 213 into the spiral oil pipe 213 within the water storage chamber 21. Low-temperature cooling water in the water storage chamber 21 exchanges heat with the oil in the oil pipe 213, cooling it down. The cooled oil then returns to the oil storage chamber 24 via a circulation loop, and from there enters the working chamber 23 to participate in the slowing process. Cooling water drawn into the supply chamber is atomized and sprayed from the air holes on the regulating plate 33 through the fixed pipe 31 and rotating pipe 32, sprinkling onto the outer wall surface of the working chamber 23. The atomized droplets evaporate instantly upon contact with the high-temperature outer wall, carrying away a large amount of heat. The resulting water vapor enters the spiral airflow pipe 212 within the water storage chamber 21 through the airflow pipe 212. During its flow, it is condensed into liquid water by the cooling water, enters the collection chamber 25 through the recovery box 214, and then circulates back to the water storage chamber 21. Uncondensed gas is discharged from the partition chamber 22 through the exhaust pipe, simultaneously providing secondary air cooling to the interior of the partition chamber 22. When the retarder is not working, the electronically controlled valve is closed, the oil remains in the oil storage chamber 24, and the working chamber 23 returns to its empty state, waiting for the next working command.

[0034] While the present invention has been disclosed above, its scope of protection is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and all such changes and modifications will fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A self-contained water tank type three-medium heat exchange system for a hydraulic retarder, comprising: The housing (1) is characterized in that it further includes a cavity assembly (2) disposed inside the housing (1) for the operation of the retarder rotor and for cooling, the cavity assembly (2) including a water storage cavity (21), a partition cavity (22) and a working cavity (23) disposed inside the housing (1). The partition cavity (22) is provided with a liquid spraying assembly (3) for cooling the working cavity (23). The liquid spraying assembly (3) includes multiple fixed tubes (31) fixedly installed in the partition cavity (22). A rotating tube (32) is rotatably installed on the fixed tube (31). When the retarder is working, the rotating tube (32) draws out the liquid in the water storage cavity (21) and acts on the surface of the working cavity (23) for cooling the working cavity (23). When the retarder rotor is working, an airflow is generated and enters the working cavity (23), which disperses the liquid and sprays it on the surface of the working cavity (23). The water flow sprayed by the liquid spraying assembly (3) is adjusted according to the rotation speed of the retarder rotor.

2. The self-water tank type three-medium heat exchange system for a hydraulic retarder according to claim 1, characterized in that, The housing (1) is also provided with an oil storage chamber (24) that communicates with the working chamber (23) for oil storage, and an electric control valve is provided between the oil storage chamber (24) and the working chamber (23). The housing (1) is also provided with a collection chamber (25) for liquid condensation recovery, and the water storage chamber (21) communicates with the collection chamber (25).

3. The self-water tank type three-medium heat exchange system for a hydraulic retarder according to claim 2, characterized in that, The housing (1) is provided with an airflow pipe (212) and an oil pipe (213). The airflow pipe (212) is arranged in a ring around the water storage chamber (21), and both ends of the airflow pipe (212) are located in the partition chamber (22). The partition chamber (22) is provided with an exhaust pipe that communicates with the outside. The water storage chamber (21) is provided with a recovery box (214) for liquid condensation recovery, and the recovery box (214) communicates with the collection chamber (25).

4. The self-water tank type three-medium heat exchange system for a hydraulic retarder according to claim 3, characterized in that, The oil pipe (213) is encircled in the water storage chamber (21) in a ring shape, and one end of the oil pipe (213) is connected to the working chamber (23). The other end is provided with a liquid circulation component (4). The liquid circulation component (4) is connected to the collection chamber (25) and the oil storage chamber (24). An electric pressure relief valve is provided on the collection chamber (25).

5. A self-water tank type three-medium heat exchange system for a hydraulic retarder according to claim 4, characterized in that, The liquid circulation assembly (4) includes a fixed cylinder (41) fixedly installed inside the housing (1). The fixed cylinder (41) is provided with a circulating oil chamber and a liquid supply chamber. A piston plate (42) is slidably installed in both chambers, and a solenoid valve (43) is installed on the piston plate (42). A piston rod (45) is slidably installed inside the fixed cylinder (41), and the piston rod (45) is fixedly installed with the piston plate (42). A cam (46) is installed on the rotor shaft of the retarder and is in contact with the piston rod (45). Two hoses are installed on both the liquid supply chamber and the circulating oil chamber. One hose of the liquid supply chamber is connected to the collection chamber (25), and the other hose is connected to the rotating pipe (32). The other end of the oil pipe (213) is connected to the circulating oil chamber. One hose extends into the oil storage chamber (24), and the other hose extends to the outside of the housing (1).

6. A self-water tank type three-medium heat exchange system for a hydraulic retarder according to claim 5, characterized in that, The spraying assembly (3) also includes an adjustment disc (33) disposed on the fixed tube (31) and the rotating tube (32), and a first gear (34) is disposed on the outside of the rotating tube (32).

7. A self-water tank type three-medium heat exchange system for a hydraulic retarder according to claim 6, characterized in that, An airflow assembly (5) is provided on the rotor shaft of the retarder. The airflow assembly (5) includes a fixed ring (51) fixedly mounted on the rotor shaft and a sliding disk (52) slidably mounted on the fixed ring (51). A tension spring (53) is provided between the fixed ring (51) and the sliding disk (52). Two counterweight balls (54) are also hinged between the fixed ring (51) and the sliding disk (52). Multiple fan blades (56) are rotatably mounted on the fixed ring (51), and a second gear (57) is provided at the end of the fan blades (56). Multiple first racks (55) that mesh with the second gears (57) are fixedly mounted on the sliding disk (52). Multiple air ducts are opened on the housing (1), and one end of the air duct extends into the partition cavity (22), and the other end is located behind the fan blades (56).

8. A self-water tank type three-medium heat exchange system for a hydraulic retarder according to claim 7, characterized in that, A steel wire rope (58) is installed inside the air duct, and one end of the steel wire rope (58) is fixed on the sliding plate (52), while the other end is fixed with multiple second racks (59) that mesh with the first gear (34).

9. A self-water tank type three-medium heat exchange system for a hydraulic retarder according to claim 8, characterized in that, An annular air plate (6) is provided inside the partition cavity (22), and the air plate (6) is connected to the air duct. One end of the rotating pipe (32) is located on the inner wall of the air plate (6), and one end of the airflow pipe (212) is also located on the inner wall of the air plate (6). The other end of the airflow pipe (212) is located on the outer wall of the air plate (6).

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