Arc-shaped steel arch frame transportation trolley and transfer method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses an arc-shaped steel arch frame transport trolley and a transfer method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of tunnel construction auxiliary equipment. The trolley comprises a telescopic adjustable frame body, a force transmitting cross support capable of moving and positioning along the frame body, a support cross bar with a broken line section, and an anti-skid walking wheel set. The length of the frame body is adjustable to adapt to arc-shaped steel arch frames with different spans. The force transmitting cross support and the support cross bar form a lever type clamping mechanism, so that the gravity center of the arch frame is located in front of the fulcrum. The arch frame can be lifted and transferred stably by pressing the operating rod, and the support cross bar is used to support the arc surface by double-point adhesion and cooperate with the anti-skid baffle to prevent the component from moving backward and falling off. The application has the advantages of simple structure, strong adaptability, short-distance lifting and transfer of the arc-shaped steel arch frame completed by a single person, significantly reduced labor intensity and improved operation safety.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel construction auxiliary equipment technology, specifically to an arc-shaped steel arch frame transport trolley and its transfer method. Background Technology

[0002] In tunnel construction, arched steel arches, as core components of initial support, are typically manufactured in sections at an off-site processing plant. After steel plates are welded to both ends of the arch, they require frequent short-distance transport within the construction site, such as from the storage area or processing area to the installation location near the tunnel face. Because the steel arches are made of bent steel sections, are arc-shaped, and have a large weight per unit, their transport has always been one of the factors restricting the efficiency and safety of initial tunnel support.

[0003] Currently, the on-site transportation of curved steel arch frames mainly relies on the following methods, but all of them have shortcomings: Firstly, manual lifting or simple flatbed truck transport is used. The curved surface of the arched steel frame is prone to rolling and is difficult to fix stably on a flatbed truck. It is easy to slip or even fall during transportation, posing a safety hazard. At the same time, manual lifting often requires the cooperation of many people, which is inefficient and labor-intensive. Moreover, the steel arch frame is easily deformed during handling and collisions, affecting the quality of subsequent support.

[0004] Secondly, large-scale mobile transport or installation trolleys are used. Existing technologies include integrating lifting frames, rotating platforms, and clamping / fixing devices onto tunnel excavation trolleys or special trolleys to achieve the lifting, rotation, and transport of steel arch frames or pre-assembled arch frame components. Such equipment has a high degree of mechanization, but its structure is complex, its purchase and maintenance costs are high, and its mobility is poor in tunnels with small cross-sections and narrow spaces, making it difficult to meet the needs of short-distance, flexible transfer.

[0005] Third, using simple forklifts or clamping tools for handling. These tools are mostly designed for regular goods and are difficult to fit the curved shape of the curved steel arch frame. They have poor clamping stability and are prone to tipping over or falling when handling heavy curved objects, which also poses a safety hazard.

[0006] Fourth, for curved or circular heavy objects, existing technologies also include specialized manual transport trolleys. These trolleys typically have curved support surfaces or clamping structures on their bodies that adapt to the shape of the object being transported, supplemented by baffles and limiting components to prevent the object from slipping. However, the length of these trolleys is mostly fixed, and their support or limiting structures are often designed for specific specifications of the object being transported. When the size or curvature of the object changes significantly, it is usually necessary to replace the adaptable parts or even the entire trolley before it can be used, resulting in poor adaptability and insufficient versatility. Furthermore, the span of the steel arches corresponding to different tunnel cross-sections varies greatly, making it difficult for fixed-length transport vehicles to meet the on-site requirements of "one vehicle adapting to multiple specifications."

[0007] In addition, existing special supports, arch erection or installation devices for steel arch frames are mostly intended to assist in the erection, positioning or installation of arch frames in tunnels. Although they can provide support or adjustment for steel arch frames, they are usually used in the truck bed or platform of a tool vehicle and do not solve the problem of labor saving and stability when steel arch frames are lifted from the ground and transported over short distances within the site.

[0008] In summary, existing methods for transporting curved steel arches suffer from problems such as poor adaptability, insufficient mobility and economy, inadequate stability and anti-slip capability of the curved surface, or high labor intensity. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a specialized transport vehicle that is simple in structure, highly adaptable, safe, easy to operate, and capable of short-distance lifting and transporting of curved steel arches with minimal manpower. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of the above-mentioned technologies by providing a trolley for transporting arc-shaped steel arch frames and a method for transferring them. This trolley has a simple structure, strong adaptability, high safety, and convenient operation, and can complete the short-distance lifting and transfer of arc-shaped steel arch frames with a small number of personnel.

[0010] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a curved steel arch frame transport trolley, comprising: a frame, a lever-type clamping mechanism mounted on the frame, a set of traveling wheels mounted at the end of the frame, and an operating lever mounted at the front end of the frame; the frame is composed of a first frame and a second frame, and the lever-type clamping mechanism includes a force-generating cross brace and a support crossbar located at the end of the frame, wherein the force-generating cross brace and the support crossbar work together to form a lever structure for lifting and supporting the curved steel arch frame; The first frame and the second frame can be telescopically connected along the length direction and can be locked at a selected position so that the effective length of the frame can be adjusted to adapt to the arc-shaped steel arch frame with different spans. The cross brace can move and position itself along the length of the frame to adjust its position relative to the support crossbar, so that the center of gravity of the supported arched steel frame is located in front of the support crossbar.

[0011] In this design, the adjustable frame allows for adjustable effective length of the handcart, enabling a single handcart to accommodate curved steel arches of different spans and curvatures. This eliminates the need to equip or replace multiple transport vehicles for different specifications, improving versatility and reducing operating costs (solving the problems of large span differences and poor compatibility of fixed tools). The force-generating cross brace can move and position along the frame, forming a lever structure with the end support crossbar. This allows transport personnel to lift, support, and transport the heavy curved steel arches with only a small amount of downward pressure. Furthermore, it can adjust the center of gravity of the arch to the front of the fulcrum, saving effort and preventing the arch from rotating backward and tipping over. A single person can complete the handling operations that originally required multiple people to lift, significantly reducing labor intensity and improving handling efficiency and safety.

[0012] Preferably, the first frame includes a small square steel pipe, and the second frame includes a large square steel pipe. The small square steel pipe is fitted into the internal cavity of the large square steel pipe to form a telescopic connection.

[0013] In this design, the small square steel pipe of the first frame is inserted into the cavity inside the large square steel pipe of the second frame. The expansion and contraction of the frame is achieved by nesting the square pipes. The structure is simple, the guidance is reliable, and it is not easy to rotate relative to each other. While ensuring smooth length adjustment, it has good load-bearing rigidity and stability. It is easy to process and manufacture and has low cost.

[0014] Preferably, both the first and second frames have equidistant adjustment holes distributed along their length on their sides, and the frames are locked to a selected length by fasteners passing through the corresponding adjustment holes.

[0015] In this design, by setting equidistant adjustment holes on the two frames and locking them with fasteners through the corresponding holes, the length of the frame can be adjusted quantitatively and reliably fixed according to the grade. After adjustment, it will not loosen or slip when under load. The operation is intuitive and the positioning is accurate, making it easy to quickly select and lock the appropriate length on site according to the span of the steel arch frame.

[0016] Preferably, the force-generating cross brace includes a clamping seat that slides with the frame, the clamping seat being movable along the distribution direction of the adjustment holes and positioned at a selected adjustment hole by fasteners.

[0017] In this design, the cross brace moves along the adjustment hole by means of a clamping seat that slides with the frame and is positioned by fasteners. This allows the force application position of the cross brace to be flexibly adjusted along the frame and reuse the existing adjustment hole system of the frame. The lever arm can be changed and the center of gravity of the arch frame can be adjusted without the need for a separate positioning mechanism. The structure is compact and the parts are universal, further optimizing the labor-saving effect and adapting to the force application requirements of arch frames of different sizes.

[0018] Preferably, the first frame can retract and be inserted into the second frame, and is locked in the retracted state to form a compact storage state.

[0019] In this design, the first frame can be retracted and inserted into the second frame and locked in the retracted state, so that the trolley can be folded into a compact state when not in use, reducing the space occupied and facilitating storage, turnover and transportation in narrow tunnel environments, thereby improving the mobility and site adaptability of the equipment.

[0020] Preferably, the cross section of the support crossbar is a zigzag shape with a rounded front end and a concave top. The rounded front end is used to guide the crossbar into the bottom of the arc-shaped steel arch frame during insertion, and the concave top forms two protruding parts to form two contact points with the arc surface of the arc-shaped steel arch frame.

[0021] In this design, the supporting crossbar adopts a zigzag cross-section with a rounded front end and a concave top. The rounded front end facilitates easy insertion into the bottom of the arched steel frame during lifting, while the two protrusions formed by the concave top make two-point contact with the arched surface of the frame. Compared with single-point or single-arc support, this provides more stable support for the curved components, effectively suppressing the rolling and slippage of the steel arched frame during support and transportation, and improving transportation stability and safety.

[0022] Preferably, an anti-slip baffle is provided on the side of the cross brace facing away from the support crossbar. The anti-slip baffle is made by attaching a rubber layer to a steel plate. It is used to limit and dampen the arc-shaped steel arch frame when it moves backward, so as to prevent the arc-shaped steel arch frame from hitting the transport personnel when it moves backward.

[0023] In this design, a steel plate with a rubber layer is installed on the side of the cross brace facing away from the support crossbar. When the arched steel frame moves backward during lifting or transportation, the baffle limits its movement and uses the rubber layer to reduce vibration and prevent slippage. This not only prevents the arch frame from moving backward and sliding down, but also prevents it from impacting the transportation personnel at the operating end, thus improving operational safety and reducing the impact damage to equipment and components.

[0024] Preferably, the wheel assembly includes a wheel core, a wheel hub, and an anti-slip tread, the anti-slip tread being made of rubber and having anti-slip patterns on its surface.

[0025] In this design, the cross bracing is detachably connected to the frame. Different specifications of cross bracing can be disassembled or replaced according to the size of the curved steel arch frame to be transported. In addition to adjusting the length of the frame, it provides another means of adaptation, further expanding the applicability of a single handcart and facilitating the maintenance, replacement and transportation of the cross bracing.

[0026] Preferably, the cross bracing is detachable and can be disassembled and replaced according to the size of the curved steel arch frame to be transported.

[0027] In this design, the tire tread of the walking wheel set is made of rubber material with anti-slip texture, which increases the friction between the wheel and the ground. It is less likely to slip when walking on muddy, slippery or uneven ground in the tunnel, which improves the stability and directional controllability during transportation and reduces the safety risks caused by sideslip and deviation.

[0028] Preferably, the operating lever is fixed to the front end of the first frame and its extension length relative to the first frame can be adjusted to adjust the force application angle of the transport personnel.

[0029] In this design, the extension length of the operating lever relative to the first frame is adjustable. Transport personnel can adjust the length of the operating lever according to their own height, force application habits and working space to optimize the force application angle and lever arm, making pressing and pushing more effortless and more ergonomic, and further reducing labor intensity.

[0030] On the other hand, a method for transporting an arc-shaped steel arch frame is provided, the aforementioned arc-shaped steel arch frame transport trolley comprising the following steps: S1. Adjust and lock the relative lengths of the first and second frames to make the effective length of the frames match the span of the arc-shaped steel arch frame to be transported. S2. Move the force-applying horizontal brace along the length of the frame and position it so that the center of gravity of the supported arc-shaped steel arch frame is located in front of the support horizontal bar. S3. Using the support crossbar as a fulcrum, press down the operating rod to make the force-generating cross brace lift the arc-shaped steel arch frame off the ground; S4. Maintain downward pressure on the operating lever and push the trolley forward to transfer the curved steel arch frame to the designated position; S5. After releasing the downward pressure of the operating lever to allow the curved steel arch frame to land smoothly, remove the handcart.

[0031] In this design, the transfer method utilizes the aforementioned extendable handcart. First, the frame length is adjusted to match the span of the arch frame to be transported. Then, the cross bracing is moved to position the center of gravity of the arch frame in front of the fulcrum. Finally, using the support crossbar as the fulcrum, the arch frame is lifted effortlessly by pressing down the operating lever, maintaining clamping and transferring it smoothly before being unloaded. The entire lifting-transfer-unloading process can be completed by a single person, without the need for lifting equipment. It is labor-saving, efficient, and safe. Furthermore, by adjusting the frame length and the force application point, it can flexibly adapt to arched steel arch frames of different spans, making it particularly suitable for short-distance on-site transfer of steel arch frames in the initial support of tunnels.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: First, it is highly adaptable and versatile. The frame is designed as an adjustable structure that can be extended and locked in stages. A single handcart can be adapted to curved steel arch frames with different spans and curvatures. This overcomes the shortcomings of existing transportation tools with fixed lengths, which require the replacement of adaptable parts or even the entire vehicle to adapt to different specifications. This improves versatility and reduces configuration and usage costs.

[0033] Secondly, it is labor-saving and efficient for a single person. The force-applying cross brace and the end support cross bar form a lever clamping mechanism, and the force-applying cross brace can be adjusted so that the center of gravity of the arch frame falls in front of the fulcrum. The transport personnel only need to apply a small downward pressure to lift, support and transport the heavy steel arch frame by lever action. The work that originally required multiple people to carry can be completed by a single person, which significantly reduces labor intensity, improves handling efficiency and eliminates the need for large equipment such as cranes.

[0034] Third, it offers stable support and high safety. The zigzag cross-section of the supporting crossbar facilitates insertion with its front arc and provides stable support for the curved components with double-point contact at the top. Combined with the rubber limit baffle on the rear side of the force-generating crossbar, it prevents the steel arch frame from shifting backward, sliding, or impacting operators. In addition, the anti-slip tread of the traveling wheels prevents slippage on muddy ground. All of these features comprehensively improve the stability and operational safety of the curved heavy objects during the lifting and transportation process, preventing rolling, slipping, falling, and tipping.

[0035] Fourth, it features a simple structure, good mobility, and low cost. The overall structure is achieved through simple methods such as nested square steel tubes and bolt locking with adjustment holes, which facilitates processing, manufacturing, and maintenance. When not in use, it can be retracted and stored, allowing for flexible maneuverability in tunnels with narrow cross-sections and limited space. This overcomes the shortcomings of large motorized trolleys, such as complex structures, high purchase and maintenance costs, and difficulty in operating in confined spaces.

[0036] Fifth, it is easy to operate and widely adaptable. The length of the operating lever is adjustable to optimize the force application angle, and the force-applying cross brace is detachable and replaceable to assist in adapting to arch frames of different sizes. The entire lifting-transfer-unloading process is simple and easy to carry out, and it is particularly suitable for short-distance on-site transfer of arc-shaped steel arch frames in the initial support of tunnels. It has good engineering practicality and promotion value. Attached Figure Description

[0037] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an arc-shaped steel arch frame transport handcart according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first frame of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second frame of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cross brace structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the walking wheel of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the lifting, transportation and unloading process of the arc-shaped steel arch frame of the present invention; Figure 7 A magnified view of the section supporting the arched steel arch frame inserted under the crossbar; Figure 8 A magnified view of a section of the arched steel frame being raised to support the crossbars; Figure 9 A magnified view of a section of the arched steel frame under the force of the horizontal bracing; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the force distribution principle of a lever on an arc-shaped steel arch frame. Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the force and effort-saving calculation of the lever in an arc-shaped steel arch frame.

[0038] In the diagram: 1-First frame; 2-Second frame; 3-Force-generating cross brace; 4-Walking wheel; 5-Bolt; 6-Nut; 7-First square steel pipe; 8-Operating lever; 9-Adjusting hole; 10-Second square steel pipe; 11-Support crossbar; 12-Wheel axle; 13-Clamping seat; 14-Force-generating crossbar; 15-Anti-slip baffle; 16-Wheel core; 17-Wheel hub; 18-Anti-slip tread; 19-Arched steel arch frame. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0040] like Figure 1 As shown, the arc-shaped steel arch frame transport trolley in this embodiment mainly consists of a first frame 1, a second frame 2, a cross brace 3, wheels 4, bolts 5, and nuts 6. The first frame 1 and the second frame 2 are telescopically connected along their length to form an adjustable frame. The cross brace 3 is movably mounted on the second frame 2 along the length of the frame. The cross brace 3 and the support crossbar 11 located at the end of the second frame 2 work together to form a lever-type clamping mechanism. The wheels 4 are mounted at the end of the second frame 2, and the operating lever 8 is located at the front end of the first frame 1. The adjustable total length of the entire machine in this embodiment is approximately 1500mm to 2500mm, and the curb weight is approximately 25kg to 40kg, which can be operated by a single person.

[0041] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the first frame 1 includes two parallel first square steel pipes 7, an operating rod 8 fixed to its front end, and several adjustment holes 9 formed on the first square steel pipes 7; the second frame 2 includes two parallel second square steel pipes 10, a support crossbar 11 fixed to its end, and several adjustment holes 9 formed on the second square steel pipes 10. The transverse center distance between the two steel pipes in this embodiment is approximately 380mm, to adapt to the arc surface of the arc-shaped steel arch frame 19 and ensure stable support.

[0042] The first square steel pipe 7 is fitted into the internal cavity of the second square steel pipe 10 to form a telescopic connection. In this embodiment, the second square steel pipe 10 has an external dimension of approximately 80mm × 80mm and a wall thickness of approximately 4mm, and its internal cavity dimension is approximately 72mm × 72mm; the first square steel pipe 7 has an external dimension of approximately 70mm × 70mm and a wall thickness of approximately 4mm. The two form a clearance fit of approximately 1mm to 2mm, allowing the first frame 1 to slide and extend smoothly relative to the second frame 2, and preventing relative rotation due to the limiting effect of the square cross section, thereby ensuring smooth adjustment and good load-bearing rigidity and stability.

[0043] As an alternative implementation, the retractable connection between the first frame 1 and the second frame 2 is not limited to the above-mentioned square tube nesting. It can also adopt round tube sleeve, polygonal tube sleeve, multi-stage sleeve telescopic, or a structure that can achieve relative telescopic extension along the length direction, such as guide rail and slider cooperation. All of these can achieve the purpose of making the effective length of the frame adjustable.

[0044] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, both the first square steel pipe 7 and the second square steel pipe 10 have equidistant adjustment holes 9 evenly distributed along their length on their sides. In this embodiment, the diameter of the adjustment holes 9 is approximately φ14mm, the distance between adjacent holes is approximately 50mm, and approximately 10 to 16 adjustment holes 9 are arranged along the length of each steel pipe. During assembly, align the corresponding adjustment holes 9 on the first frame 1 and the second frame 2, pass the bolts 5 (M12 bolts are used in this embodiment) through the corresponding adjustment holes 9, and then tighten the nuts 6 to lock the frame at the selected length. This allows for quantitative adjustment and reliable fixing of the effective length of the handcart according to the span of the arc-shaped steel arch frame 19; after locking, it will not loosen or slip under load.

[0045] As an alternative implementation, the locking structure that locks the frame at a selected position is not limited to the cooperation between the adjustment hole 9 and the bolt 5 and nut 6. Other lockable locking methods such as the cooperation between the positioning pin and the pin hole, the elastic buckle or the graded positioning of the pin, the clamping and locking, or the threaded telescopic positioning can also be used to achieve the purpose of locking the frame at the selected length.

[0046] like Figure 1 As shown, when the trolley is not in use, the first frame 1 can be retracted and fully inserted into the internal cavity of the second frame 2. At this time, the bolt 5 is passed through the adjustment hole 9 located at the top of the first frame 1 and locked with the nut 6, thus locking the trolley in its retracted, compact storage state. This significantly reduces its space occupation, facilitating storage, handling, and transportation in tunnel environments with narrow cross-sections and limited space. In this embodiment, the trolley's retracted length is approximately 1400mm.

[0047] like Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, the force-generating cross brace 3 is slidably installed on the second square steel pipe 10, including a clamping seat 13 that slides with the frame, a force-generating cross bar 14 connecting the two clamping seats 13, and an anti-slip baffle 15. The force-generating cross bar 14 is a transverse member that applies force to the arc-shaped steel arch frame 19 by the force-generating cross brace 3. The clamping seat 13 is guided to the second square steel pipe 10 and can move along the distribution direction of the adjustment holes 9. It is positioned at the selected adjustment hole 9 by bolts 5 passing through the clamping seat 13 and the corresponding adjustment hole 9, and then locking it with nuts 6. Thus, the force application position of the force-generating cross brace 3 can be flexibly adjusted along the frame and reuse the existing adjustment hole 9 system of the frame without the need for a separate positioning mechanism. Before transportation, the position of the force-generating cross brace 3 relative to the support cross bar 11 is changed by moving the force-generating cross brace 3, so that the center of gravity of the supported arc-shaped steel arch frame 19 is located in front of the support cross bar 11. This can optimize the labor-saving effect by lever arm relationship and prevent the arc-shaped steel arch frame 19 from rotating backward after lifting.

[0048] In this embodiment, the cross brace 3 is detachably connected to the frame. That is, after loosening the bolts 5 and nuts 6, the cross brace 3 can be removed entirely. This allows for the assembly, disassembly, or replacement of cross braces 3 of different specifications according to the dimensions of the arc-shaped steel arch frame 19 to be transported, providing another means of adaptation besides adjusting the frame length. As an alternative implementation, the positioning structure for the cross brace 3 to move and be positioned along the frame can also employ a sliding rail and slider locking mechanism, a rack and pawl multi-position positioning, or a clamping positioning structure; its detachable connection can also be achieved using quick-release pins, buckles, or other structures.

[0049] like Figure 3 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the support crossbar 11 is fixed to the end of the second frame 2. The cross-section of the support crossbar 11 is a zigzag shape with a rounded front end and a concave top: its front end is a rounded surface, and in this embodiment, the radius of the rounded surface is approximately R15mm, which facilitates its smooth insertion into the bottom of the arc-shaped steel arch frame 19 during lifting; its top is concave inward, with a depth of approximately 10mm, thereby forming two protruding parts on both sides of the concave top, and the distance between the two protrusions is approximately 70mm in this embodiment. During lifting, the two protruding parts form two contact points with the arc surface of the arc-shaped steel arch frame 19 (see...). Figure 8 Compared to single-point or single-arc surface support, it can more stably support curved components and effectively suppress the rolling and slippage of the arc-shaped steel arch frame 19 during support and transportation.

[0050] As an alternative implementation, the cross section of the supporting crossbar 11 is not limited to the above-mentioned "front end arc, top concave" polygonal shape. Any contour in which the top surface can form at least two contact points with the arc surface of the arc-shaped steel arch frame 19, such as two spaced protrusions, V-shaped double slopes or double arc protrusions on the top surface, can achieve the purpose of stably supporting the curved surface component.

[0051] like Figure 4 and Figure 9 As shown, an anti-slip baffle 15 is provided on the side of the force-generating cross brace 3 facing away from the support crossbar 11. The anti-slip baffle 15 is composed of a steel plate and a rubber layer attached to the side of the steel plate facing the arc-shaped steel arch frame 19. In this embodiment, the thickness of the steel plate is about 5mm and the thickness of the rubber layer is about 8mm. When the downward pressure is maintained and the arc-shaped steel arch frame 19 is pushed smoothly, it is held between the force-generating cross brace 3 and the support crossbar 11, and its center of gravity is located in front of the fulcrum, so it generally will not move backward. When encountering road bumps, inertia during starting or braking, or collision with objects in front, the arc-shaped steel arch frame 19 may move backward momentarily. At this time, the arc-shaped steel arch frame 19 will collide with the rubber layer of the anti-slip baffle 15 and be limited by it to stop moving backward. The rubber layer plays a role in damping and buffering during impact, and on the other hand, it increases the friction of the contact surface to prevent the arc-shaped steel arch frame 19 from sliding down, thereby avoiding the arc-shaped steel arch frame 19 from moving backward and sliding down and hitting the transport personnel at the operating end, improving the safety of operation and reducing the impact damage to equipment and components. As an alternative implementation, the rubber layer can also be replaced with other elastic cushioning materials such as polyurethane.

[0052] like Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown, the traveling wheels 4 are installed at the end of the second frame 2. In this embodiment, there are two traveling wheels 4 located on both sides. Each traveling wheel 4 includes a wheel core 16, a wheel hub 17, and an anti-slip tread 18. The wheel core 16 is rotatably connected to the second square steel tube 10 via a wheel axle 12. In this embodiment, the wheel axle 12 has a diameter of approximately φ20mm. The anti-slip tread 18 is made of rubber and has anti-slip patterns on its surface. In this embodiment, the diameter of the traveling wheel 4 is approximately 260mm. The anti-slip tread 18 increases the friction between the traveling wheel 4 and the ground, which can improve the grip of the handcart when walking on muddy, slippery, or uneven ground at the tunnel construction site, prevent slippage, and thus improve the stability and directional controllability during transportation. As an alternative implementation, the traveling wheels 4 can be solid wheels or pneumatic wheels.

[0053] like Figure 2 As shown, the operating lever 8 is fixed to the front end of the first frame 1 for the transport personnel to grip and apply force. In this embodiment, the extension length of the operating lever 8 relative to the first frame 1 can be adjusted and locked by bolts. The transport personnel can adjust the extension length of the operating lever 8 according to their own height, force application habits, and working space to optimize the force application angle and lever arm when pressing down and pushing, making the operation more labor-saving and more ergonomic. As an alternative implementation, the length adjustment of the operating lever 8 can also be achieved using a sleeve pin or other structure.

[0054] Combination Figure 6 The process of transferring the arc-shaped steel arch frame 19 using the aforementioned arc-shaped steel arch frame transport trolley includes the following steps: S1. Length Adjustment: Based on the span of the arc-shaped steel arch frame 19 to be transported, loosen bolts 5 to adjust the relative length of the first frame 1 and the second frame 2 so that the effective length of the frame is adapted to the span of the arc-shaped steel arch frame 19, and then lock it with bolts 5 and nuts 6.

[0055] S2. Positioning of the moving cross brace: Move the cross brace 3 along the length of the frame and position it with bolts 5 and nuts 6 so that the center of gravity of the subsequently supported arc-shaped steel arch frame 19 is located in front of the support crossbar 11.

[0056] S3. Lifting Operation: Push the handcart to the side of the arc-shaped steel arch frame 19, raise the operating lever 8 so that the support crossbar 11 at the end of the second frame 2 is close to the ground, push the operating lever 8 forward so that the front end of the support crossbar 11 is inserted into the arc between the arc-shaped steel arch frame 19 and the ground, and guided into the bottom of the arc-shaped steel arch frame 19; then the transport personnel hold the operating lever 8 and apply downward force so that the force crossbar 14 of the force-generating crossbar 3 presses down on the arc-shaped steel arch frame 19, and uses the support crossbar 11 as a fulcrum to lift the arc-shaped steel arch frame 19 so that its bottom surface is completely off the ground, thus completing the lifting operation.

[0057] S4. Transfer operation: Maintain the downward pressure of the operating lever 8 and push the handcart forward to transfer the arc-shaped steel arch frame 19 to the designated position; the anti-slip tread 18 of the walking wheels 4 ensures that the transportation process is stable and does not slip.

[0058] S5. Unloading operation: Slowly release the downward pressure of the operating lever 8 to make the arc-shaped steel arch frame 19 land smoothly. Then raise the operating lever 8 and pull out the handcart to complete the unloading.

[0059] The labor-saving effect of this handcart can be explained based on the lever principle. For example... Figure 10 As shown, when lifting the curved steel arch frame 19, the fulcrum O is the contact point between the support crossbar 11 at the end of the second frame 2 and the support of the curved steel arch frame 19. The transport personnel apply a downward force F to the curved steel arch frame 19 via the operating lever 8 and the force-generating crossbar 14 of the force-generating crossbar 3. The self-weight G of the curved steel arch frame 19 acts on its center of gravity, and after adjustment in step S2, the center of gravity is located in front of the support crossbar 11, close to the fulcrum O. Let the horizontal distance from the line of action of the downward force F to the fulcrum O be L1, and the horizontal distance from the center of gravity of the curved steel arch frame 19 to the fulcrum O be L2. From the lever torque balance condition F·L1=G·L2, we can obtain F=G·L2 / L1. Since the power arm L1 is much larger than the resistance arm L2, the transport personnel only need to apply a downward pressure much smaller than the self-weight of the arc-shaped steel arch frame 19 to lift it, thus achieving labor-saving lifting. Furthermore, the ratio of L1 to L2 can be changed by moving the force-generating cross brace 3 and adjusting the effective length of the operating rod 8, further optimizing the labor-saving effect.

[0060] like Figure 11As shown, the point of force application of the force-applying crossbar 14, the fulcrum of the supporting crossbar 11, and the center of gravity of the arc-shaped steel arch frame 19 are distributed sequentially along the frame direction. Transport personnel can change the relative relationships of these lever arms by moving the force-applying crossbar 3 and adjusting the effective length of the operating lever 8 to optimize the labor-saving effect. For ease of explanation, the following uses a set of exemplary lever arm values ​​for labor-saving verification. These values ​​are merely illustrative and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention.

[0061] Taking a 4m long HW175 type curved steel arch frame as an example: Referring to the theoretical weight of hot-rolled H-beams, the theoretical linear weight of HW175 steel is approximately 40.4kg / m. Therefore, the weight G of the curved steel arch frame 19 is approximately 40.4kg / m × 4m ≈ 161.6kg. Under normal manual handling conditions, it typically requires four people, each providing approximately 40kg of lifting force to lift it. When using this handcart, taking the power arm L1 to be approximately 1400mm and the resistance arm L2 to be approximately 200mm, the downward force required by the transport personnel, F = G·L2 / L1 ≈ 161.6kg × 200mm / 1400mm ≈ 23kg, can be obtained from the lever torque balance. Considering the component of the curved steel arch frame 19's self-weight along the inclined frame direction, the frictional resistance at each contact point, and a certain operational safety margin, the downward force required by the transport personnel in actual operation is approximately 30kg of equivalent weight. This means that the transport personnel only need to provide a downward pressure equivalent to about 23kg to 30kg to lift the curved steel arch, and this downward pressure can be provided by the transport personnel's own weight. The handling operation can be completed by a single person, significantly reducing labor input and labor intensity. The above lever arm values ​​and calculations are only examples and can be adjusted according to the specifications of the curved steel arch, the length of the operating rod, the positioning position of the force-applying cross brace, and the site conditions.

[0062] It should be noted that the above description of the technical solutions is exemplary, and this specification may be embodied in different forms and should not be construed as limiting it to the technical solutions set forth herein. Rather, providing these descriptions will ensure that the disclosure of this invention is thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art. Furthermore, the technical solutions of this invention are defined only by the scope of the claims.

[0063] The aspects disclosed in this specification and claims are merely examples, and therefore, this specification and claims are not limited to the details shown. In the foregoing description, detailed descriptions of relevant known functions or configurations have been omitted where it would unnecessarily obscure the focus of this specification and claims.

[0064] Finally, it should be noted that the above content is a further detailed description of the invention in conjunction with specific embodiments. It should not be considered that the specific implementation of the invention is limited to these descriptions. For those skilled in the art, simple substitutions made without departing from the concept of the invention should be considered within the scope of protection of the invention. The above embodiments are merely representative examples of the invention. Obviously, the invention is not limited to the above embodiments and many variations are possible. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the invention should be considered within the scope of protection of the invention.

Claims

1. A type of arc-shaped steel arch frame transport trolley, characterized in that, The frame, the clamping mechanism mounted on the frame, the traveling wheel set mounted at the end of the frame, and the operating lever mounted at the front of the frame; The frame consists of a first frame and a second frame, and the clamping mechanism includes a force-generating cross brace and a support crossbar located at the end of the frame; The first frame and the second frame are telescopically connected along the length direction, and a locking structure is provided between the first frame and the second frame; The cross bracing is movably installed on the frame along its length, and a positioning structure is provided between the cross bracing and the frame.

2. The arc-shaped steel arch frame transport trolley according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first frame includes a first square steel pipe, and the second frame includes a second square steel pipe, with the first square steel pipe sleeved in the internal cavity of the second square steel pipe.

3. The arc-shaped steel arch frame transport trolley according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the first and second frames have equidistant adjustment holes distributed along their length on their sides, and fasteners are inserted into the corresponding adjustment holes on the first and second frames.

4. The arc-shaped steel arch frame transport trolley according to claim 3, characterized in that, The cross brace includes a clamping seat that slides with the frame, and the clamping seat is connected to the adjustment hole via fasteners.

5. The arc-shaped steel arch frame transport trolley according to claim 3, characterized in that, The top of the first frame is provided with an adjustment hole. After the first frame is retracted and inserted into the interior of the second frame, it is locked by fasteners passing through the adjustment hole on the top of the first frame.

6. The arc-shaped steel arch frame transport trolley according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cross-section of the supporting crossbar is a zigzag shape with a rounded front end and a concave top, with two protruding parts formed on both sides of the concave top.

7. The arc-shaped steel arch frame transport trolley according to claim 1, characterized in that, A baffle is provided on the side of the cross brace facing away from the support crossbar. The baffle consists of a steel plate and a rubber layer attached to the steel plate.

8. The arc-shaped steel arch frame transport trolley according to claim 1, characterized in that, The wheelset consists of a wheel core, a wheel hub, and a tread. The tread is made of rubber and has anti-slip patterns on its surface.

9. A handcart with an arc-shaped steel arch frame according to claim 1, characterized in that, The operating lever is located at the front end of the first frame, and the extension length of the operating lever relative to the first frame is locked by fasteners.

10. A method for transporting an arc-shaped steel arch frame, using the arc-shaped steel arch frame transport trolley as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Adjust and lock the relative lengths of the first and second frames to make the effective length of the frames match the span of the arc-shaped steel arch frame to be transported. S2. Move the force-applying horizontal brace along the length of the frame and position it so that the center of gravity of the supported arc-shaped steel arch frame is located in front of the support horizontal bar. S3. Using the support crossbar as a fulcrum, press down the operating rod to make the force-generating cross brace lift the arc-shaped steel arch frame off the ground; S4. Maintain downward pressure on the operating lever and push the trolley forward to transfer the curved steel arch frame to the designated position; S5. After releasing the downward pressure of the operating lever to allow the curved steel arch frame to land smoothly, remove the handcart.

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