Amphibious adaptive unmanned aerial vehicle

Abstract

The application discloses an amphibious adaptive unmanned plane and relates to the technical field of unmanned planes. The amphibious adaptive unmanned plane has two uses, i.e., flight and submersion, and mainly comprises an unmanned plane body, a flight unit, a navigation unit and a diving unit. The unmanned plane body adopts a boat-shaped structure to reduce wind resistance and water resistance as much as possible during movement. The flight unit is used for controlling the take-off and landing of the unmanned plane body and the movement of the unmanned plane body during flight. The navigation unit and the diving unit are respectively used for controlling the movement of the unmanned plane body in water and the adjustment of the depth position of the unmanned plane body in water. When the unmanned plane flies, the navigation unit is stored to reduce the flight wind resistance. When the unmanned plane submerges, the flight unit is stored to reduce the navigation water resistance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of flying lifebuoy technology, specifically to amphibious adaptive unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of drone technology, its application scenarios have gradually expanded from traditional fields such as aerial photography, surveying, and logistics to cross-media and multi-environment operations. Among them, amphibious drones, due to their ability to perform both aerial and underwater operations, have shown great application potential in areas such as marine environmental monitoring, underwater facility inspection, emergency rescue, and military reconnaissance. However, achieving efficient and stable amphibious operations faces a series of key technological challenges.

[0003] First, the vastly different physical properties of air and water present contradictory requirements for aircraft structural design. Airborne flight prioritizes low drag and high maneuverability, typically employing lightweight, streamlined structures; while underwater navigation necessitates overcoming greater fluid resistance while ensuring watertightness and pressure resistance. Traditional single-purpose unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) or underwater vehicles (AUVs) cannot simultaneously meet optimal performance requirements in both environments. Existing amphibious UAV designs often employ simple stacking designs, adding detachable or foldable propulsion devices to the aircraft. This results in a bulky overall structure, significantly increasing drag during airborne flight and excessive water resistance during underwater navigation, severely impacting endurance and maneuverability. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned technical deficiencies, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an amphibious adaptive unmanned aerial vehicle.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: The present invention provides an amphibious adaptive unmanned aerial vehicle, including... The drone body is equipped with a flight storage area, a navigation storage area, and a diving installation area. The flight storage area is located on both sides of the drone body in the horizontal direction, the navigation storage area is located at the bottom of the drone body, and the diving installation area is located in the middle of the drone body and penetrates the drone body in the vertical direction. Flight unit: includes an arm and a rotor, one end of which is rotatably mounted in the flight storage area in the horizontal direction; Navigation unit: includes the navigation seat and propeller blades; Diving unit: includes a diving support frame and rotating diving propellers; The drone body has shielding plates on both sides for sealing the flight storage area. The lower side of the shielding plate is rotatably mounted on the drone body. The flight seat is mounted on the lower side of the shielding plate. When the shielding panel moves away from the flight storage area, the navigation unit enters the flight storage area.

[0006] Preferably, the lower side of the UAV body is provided with a mounting groove communicating with the navigation and storage area, a limit pin is slidably disposed in the mounting groove, and a limit piece extends from the navigation seat; Once the navigator is in the navigation storage area, the limiting pin is supported on the underside of the limiting plate.

[0007] Preferably, a rotating mounting base is provided on the lower side of the drone body. The mounting base is rotatably arranged in a vertical plane. The mounting groove is provided in the mounting base. A support spring is provided in the mounting groove. The support spring has a tendency to push the limiting pin to move out of the mounting groove. A vertically extending floating groove is preset on the lower side of the drone body. A floating block is preset in the floating groove. The end of the mounting base away from the limiting piece abuts against the floating block.

[0008] Preferably, the floating block has balls spaced from top to bottom on the side facing the mounting base, and the balls roll in contact with the mounting base.

[0009] Preferably, the floating block is provided with a ventilation groove from top to bottom, and the drone body is provided with an exhaust hole that communicates with the top of the floating groove.

[0010] Preferably, the navigation and storage area is located on the left-right symmetrical axis on the lower side of the UAV body.

[0011] Preferably, the navigation and storage areas are provided in pairs and are spaced apart along the length of the UAV body.

[0012] Preferably, the shielding plate is provided with an elastic sealing strip on the side facing the flight storage area, and the elastic sealing strip forms a sealing ring.

[0013] Preferably, the shielding plate faces the flight storage area and is provided with a buffer layer in the sealing ring.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: When the drone is in flight, the flight unit is retracted to reduce wind resistance; when the drone is underwater, the flight unit is retracted to reduce water resistance. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an amphibious adaptive unmanned aerial vehicle provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram used to demonstrate the structure of the drone's flight unit after it has been deployed.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view used to show the structure of the navigation unit entering the navigation storage area.

[0019] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged diagram of point A in the middle.

[0020] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. UAV body; 11. Flight storage area; 12. Navigation storage area; 13. Diving installation area; 2. Flight unit; 21. Arm; 22. Rotor; 3. Navigation unit; 31. Navigation seat; 32. Propeller blade; 33. Limiting plate; 4. Diving unit; 5. Shielding plate; 6. Connecting arm; 7. Mounting seat; 71. Mounting slot; 72. Support spring; 73. Limiting pin; 8. Floating slot; 81. Floating block; 82. Ball bearing. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 1-4 As shown, this invention provides an amphibious adaptive unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) for both flight and submersion. The main structure includes the UAV body 1, a flight unit 2, a navigation unit 3, and a submersion unit 4. The UAV body 1 adopts a boat-shaped structure to minimize wind and water resistance during movement. The flight unit 2 controls the takeoff and landing of the UAV body 1 and its movement during flight. The navigation unit 3 and the submersion unit 4 are used to control the movement of the UAV body 1 in water and adjust its water depth, respectively.

[0023] Two vertically penetrating submersible mounting areas 13 are provided at the front and rear of the UAV body 1. The power source of the submersible unit 4 and the submersible propeller are deployed in the submersible mounting area 13. The submersible body 1 can be controlled to sink and float in the water by adjusting the rotation speed of the submersible propeller.

[0024] Flight storage areas 11 are pre-set on the left and right sides of the drone body 1. Each flight storage area 11 is equipped with a flight unit 2. Each flight unit 2 includes two sets of rotatable arms 21 and rotors 22. When the drone needs to fly, the arms 21 rotate and detach from the flight storage area 11, and the rotors 22 provide flight power. When the drone needs to dive, it rotates the arms 21 and enters the flight storage area 11, effectively reducing the water resistance caused by the flight unit 2.

[0025] At the bottom of the UAV body 1, there is a navigation storage area 12. The navigation seat 31 in the navigation unit 3 and the propeller 32 installed therein can be hidden in the navigation storage area 12. Specifically, a connecting arm 6 is fixed to the outside of the navigation seat 31. The end of the connecting arm 6 away from the navigation seat 31 is rotatably installed on the lower side of the UAV body 1. By driving the rotation of the connecting arm 6, the hiding of the navigation unit 3 can be controlled, thereby effectively reducing the wind resistance of the UAV during flight.

[0026] The drone body 1 is equipped with shielding plates 5 on both sides. The lower side of the shielding plate 5 is hinged to the lower side of the drone body 1. By rotating the shielding plate 5, the flight storage area 11 can be closed. In order to improve the sealing, an elastic sealing strip is installed on the side of the shielding plate 5 facing the flight storage area 11. The elastic sealing strip forms a sealing ring. At the same time, a buffer layer is preset in the sealing ring. The buffer layer can be made of soft materials such as sponge. The buffer layer can reduce the impact of the rotor 22 (the elastic sealing strip and the buffer layer are conventional structures and are not shown in the figure).

[0027] The lower side of the shielding plate 5 is also fixedly connected to the connecting arm 6, meaning that the shielding plate 5 and the connecting arm 6 share the same rotating mounting point. When the UAV needs to fly, the arm 21 rotates out of the flight storage area 11, and at this time, the flight unit 2 pushes the shielding plate 5 to rotate open, while the connecting arm 6 simultaneously drives the navigation unit 3 into the navigation storage area 12; conversely, when the UAV needs to fly underwater, the arm 21 rotates and retracts into the flight storage area 11, and the navigation unit 3 is driven by gravity to rotate the connecting arm 6 and the shielding plate 5, so that the shielding plate 5 seals the flight storage area 11.

[0028] However, during actual flight of the drone, the rotation of the rotor 22 generates a large and fluctuating airflow, which can cause the shielding plate 5 to be impacted. This can lead to the shielding plate 5 colliding with the flight unit 2, which is detrimental to the stable flight of the drone. Therefore, a limiting structure is pre-installed at the bottom of the drone body 1 to restrict the flight unit 3 from being fixed in the flight storage area 12.

[0029] The limiting structure mainly includes a rotatable mounting base 7, which has a mounting groove 71 with an opening facing the navigation storage area 12. The mounting groove 71 has a support spring 72 and a limiting pin 73. A limiting piece 33 is fixed on the navigation base 31. When the UAV takes off, the airflow impacts the shielding plate 5, causing the navigation unit 3 to fully enter the navigation storage area 12. At this time, the limiting piece 33 on the navigation base 31 slides against the limiting pin 73 until the limiting piece 33 completely passes the obstruction of the limiting pin 73. When the UAV rotor 22 decelerates, the limiting pin 73 supports the limiting piece 33, preventing the navigation unit 3 from leaving the navigation storage area 12, thus preventing the shielding plate 5 from rotating and colliding.

[0030] In addition, a floating groove 8 is pre-set on the lower side of the UAV body 1, and a floating block 81 is pre-set in the floating groove 8. Several balls 82 are set on the side of the floating block 81 facing the mounting base 7, and the balls 82 abut against the mounting base. When the UAV is flying, the abutment between the floating block 81 and the mounting base 7 restricts the rotation of the mounting base 7. When the UAV lands on the water, the water enters the floating groove 8, the floating block 81 floats up and gradually disengages from the abutment between it and the mounting base 7, allowing the mounting base 7 to rotate. At this time, the limiting pin 73 can no longer provide support for the limiting piece 33, the navigation unit 3 sinks and disengages from the navigation storage area 12, and forces the shielding plate 5 to close the flight storage area 11. In order to facilitate the smooth floating of the floating block 81, the floating block 81 adopts a hollow structure, and the UAV body 1 is provided with a water inlet and an exhaust groove to ensure that the water enters the floating groove 8 smoothly and the gas in the floating groove 8 is discharged smoothly (the water inlet and exhaust groove are conventional structures and are not shown in the diagram).

[0031] Since the drone body 1 adopts a long, boat-shaped structure, the width of the drone body 1 is limited. Therefore, the navigation and storage area 12 is set on the front and rear sides below the drone body 1.

[0032] The working principle of this invention is: When the drone takes off: The arm 21 in flight unit 2 rotates and forces the shielding plate 5 to open, while simultaneously driving the navigation unit 3 into the navigation storage area 12, thereby reducing the wind force during the flight of the UAV.

[0033] When the drone is underwater: After the drone lands on the water, the arm 21 gradually retracts into the flight storage area 11, and the navigation unit 3 gradually separates from the navigation storage area 12 and continues to sink until the shielding plate 5 closes the flight storage area 11, thereby reducing the water resistance of the drone during its subsequent underwater navigation.

[0034] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An amphibious adaptive unmanned aerial vehicle, characterized in that, include The UAV body (1) is provided with a flight storage area (11), a navigation storage area (12) and a diving installation area (13). The flight storage area (11) is located on both sides of the UAV body (1) in the horizontal direction, the navigation storage area (12) is located at the bottom of the UAV body (1), and the diving installation area (13) is located in the middle of the UAV body (1) and penetrates the UAV body (1) in the vertical direction. Flight unit (2): includes an arm (21) and a rotor (22), one end of the arm (21) is rotatably disposed in the flight storage area (11) in the horizontal direction; Navigation unit (3): includes a navigation seat (31) and propeller blades (32); Submersible unit (4): includes a submersible mounting frame and rotating submersible propellers; The drone body (1) is provided with shielding plates (5) on both sides for sealing the flight storage area (11). The lower side of the shielding plate (5) is rotatably mounted on the drone body (1). The flight seat (31) is mounted on the lower side of the shielding plate (5). When the shielding plate (5) moves away from the flight storage area (11), the navigation unit (3) enters the flight storage area (12).

2. The amphibious adaptive unmanned aerial vehicle as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The lower side of the UAV body (1) is provided with a mounting groove (71) that communicates with the navigation storage area (12). A limit pin (73) is slidably provided in the mounting groove (71), and a limit piece (33) extends on the navigation seat (31). When the navigation seat (31) enters the navigation storage area (12), the limiting pin (73) is supported on the lower side of the limiting piece (33).

3. The amphibious adaptive unmanned aerial vehicle as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The UAV body (1) is provided with a rotating mounting base (7) on its lower side. The mounting base (7) is rotatably arranged in a vertical plane. The mounting groove (71) is provided in the mounting base (7). A support spring (72) is provided in the mounting groove (71). The support spring (72) has a tendency to push the limiting pin (73) to move out of the mounting groove (71). The UAV body (1) is provided with a vertically extending floating groove (8) on its lower side. A floating block (81) is provided in the floating groove (8). The end of the mounting base (7) away from the limiting piece (33) is in contact with the floating block (81).

4. The amphibious adaptive unmanned aerial vehicle as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The floating block (81) has balls (82) spaced from top to bottom on the side facing the mounting base (7), and the balls (82) roll in cooperation with the mounting base (7).

5. The amphibious adaptive unmanned aerial vehicle as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The floating block (81) has ventilation slots arranged from top to bottom, and the UAV body (1) has exhaust holes that communicate with the top of the floating slots (8).

6. The amphibious adaptive unmanned aerial vehicle as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The navigation storage area (12) is located on the left and right symmetrical axis on the lower side of the UAV body (1).

7. The amphibious adaptive unmanned aerial vehicle as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The navigation storage area (12) is provided in pairs and is distributed at intervals along the length of the UAV body (1).

8. The amphibious adaptive unmanned aerial vehicle as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The shielding plate (5) is provided with an elastic sealing strip on the side facing the flight storage area (11), and the elastic sealing strip forms a sealing ring.

9. The amphibious adaptive unmanned aerial vehicle as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The shielding plate (5) faces the flight storage area (11) and is provided with a buffer layer in the sealing ring.

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