Explosion-proof plate with opening angle limitation

Abstract

The present invention relates to an explosion shield with an opening angle limiter. The explosion shield comprises a rupture element, a fastening frame and an opening angle limiter system which, upon rupture, maintains the rupture element at a certain angle. The opening angle limiter system comprises a baffle plate opposite the rupture element, which baffle plate is rotatable about a virtual rotation axis along its rotational side, and two deployable side plates which connect the baffle plate to the fastening area of the fastening frame. The two deployable side plates are normally in a folded state, but are deployable upon rotation of the baffle plate caused by the rupture element splitting.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of explosion-proof panels, and more specifically, to explosion-proof panels with limited opening angles. Background Technology

[0002] Explosion-proof panels protect storage containers such as silos, hoppers, drying chambers, filtration systems, bucket elevators, material processing equipment, and energy storage systems (ESS). The powdered materials or gases stored in these containers or equipment can, under certain conditions, cause an increase in internal pressure and temperature, potentially leading to an explosion or even a flame. Therefore, when abnormal overpressure occurs inside the container, the explosion-proof panel can tear in the embrittled zone, creating a hole through which pressurized gas or even flames can escape.

[0003] An explosion-proof plate typically includes: a metal fracturing disc with a brittle zone near its peripheral edge; a frame positioned above and around the fracturing disc for securing the explosion-proof plate; and at least one sealing gasket placed below and around the fracturing disc, covering the brittle zone. Typically, a contact-surface sealing gasket is also placed between the upper frame and the fracturing disc. The explosion-proof plate around the opening of the protected container is secured with bolts that engage with fixing bolt holes around the perimeter of the explosion-proof plate near the brittle zone.

[0004] Depending on the specific application requirements, a static fire suppression device is typically added to the explosion-proof panel. This device forms a relatively large cavity above and around the panel and contains an explosion-proof filter. When the explosion-proof panel ruptures, the fire suppression device uses its filter to block flames and burning dust from the compartment, thus protecting the surrounding environment. Furthermore, the fire suppression device can also be used to reduce pressure waves and lower high temperatures.

[0005] However, when the application involves high-risk flames, despite the significant advantages of this fire protection device, its structure may not be suitable for such scenarios due to its large size. Furthermore, the device's bulk makes transportation difficult, and installation on-site requires considerable time.

[0006] In addition, there is a type of explosion-proof plate connected to an opening angle limiting device. This device is small in size and can be integrated with the explosion-proof plate, thereby guiding flames or pressure waves in a specific direction to ensure the safety of the surrounding area. German utility model patent DE20215501U1 describes such a device. This explosion-proof plate is fixed to the opening of the container to be protected and includes a planar rupture element and two opposing side portions, which are directly integrated with the rupture element. It can unfold in a folded shape when an explosion occurs and the rupture element breaks apart. However, in the event of an explosion, the enormous impact force may render the pressure resistance of the device shown in this document insufficient, and the opening angle limiting device, consisting only of folded sides, will be ineffective. Summary of the Invention

[0007] Based on this, the present invention aims to provide an explosion-proof plate with an opening angle limiting function, which can withstand extremely high pressure and maintain an opening angle limiting when the fractured element breaks open.

[0008] The specific plan is as follows: According to the present invention, the explosion-proof plate includes: A fracture element includes a closed surface (the central portion of the explosion-proof plate) with a peripheral boundary forming an embrittlement zone (which fractures under overpressure, creating an opening in the central solid surface). Additionally, the fracture element includes a peripheral fixed surface (outside the embrittlement zone). A fastening frame that is set on the peripheral fixed surface and does not cover the brittle zone is preferably provided with a contact surface sealing gasket that covers the brittle zone between the peripheral fixed surface and the fastening frame; An opening angle limiting system can hold the fractured element at a specific angle when the embrittlement zone fractures (this angle should ensure that the explosion-proof plate does not open to 180°, but only within a limited angle, such as about 45°, which ensures that the flame can escape outward, especially upward, when the explosion-proof plate is fixed to the vertical inner wall). The aforementioned opening angle limiting system includes: A baffle is disposed opposite to the closed surface of the rupture element, and the baffle is rotatable along its rotational side about a virtual axis of rotation (relative to the entire edge of the closed surface). Two deployable side panels are located within the fastening area of ​​the fastening frame and are connected to the baffle from the sides adjacent to the rotating side and opposite to the baffle. These two side panels can be in two positions: one is the folded position, which forms a flat, filled explosion-proof panel with the baffle parallel to the closed surface of the rupture element; the other is the unfolded position, in which the opening angle limiting system of the explosion-proof panel is arranged at a certain angle relative to the baffle (usually an acute angle).

[0009] In one embodiment, the opening angle limiting system is a separate component from the rupture element (separated from the closure surface of the rupture element). In one embodiment, the baffle of the opening angle limiting system remains stationary in its plane (regardless of whether the deployable side panel is folded or unfolded). It is particularly important to note that the baffle is rigid.

[0010] Therefore, the baffle with angle limiting function provides good mechanical resistance for the opening angle limiting system, effectively securing the rupture element. Furthermore, since the baffle can rotate in a fixed position under the action of the deployable side plate, it can be easily and quickly converted from a flat or small volume (for convenient transport and storage) to a usable size. The baffle can be rotated effortlessly from a position parallel to the rupture element to a position at an angle. Moreover, the conversion from a flat volume to a usable volume is preferably performed immediately after the explosion-proof plate is installed. In practice, the opening angle limiting system can be designed so that the deployable side plate only deploys when the rupture element is opened; however, to avoid wasting time due to deployment during the rupture of the rupture element in the event of an explosion, the deployable side plate should be placed in the deployed position immediately after the explosion-proof plate is fixed. Furthermore, the angle limiting system is more effective when the deployable side plate is already deployed, in addition to preventing the risk of opening delay caused by pressure release and gas emission from the rupture element. In particular, the explosion-proof plate with opening angle limiting system of the present invention conforms to EN 14797 standard and belongs to the category of pressure relief devices protecting containers from internal explosions.

[0011] In one embodiment, the baffle of the opening angle limiting system is particularly rigid, preferably a solid structure, and covers all or almost all of the closed surface of the rupture element. This allows it to also act as a guide for pressure waves and / or flames during an explosion, directing the shock wave or flame in the direction defined by the guide. The baffle ensures that the flame is directed in a specific direction. "Almost all of the closed surface" means that more than 50% of the closed surface is continuously covered along its entire peripheral edge and adjacent edges, and even at least 75% of the closed surface.

[0012] The closed surface of the rupture element is preferably square or rectangular.

[0013] In the following description, for ease of understanding of the invention, the example of an explosion-proof plate being installed on the vertical inner wall of the structure to be protected will be used, and the word "height" and adjectives such as "upper", "lower", "high" and "low" will be used to describe the various parts of the explosion-proof plate.

[0014] In one embodiment, each deployable side panel has a fixed edge integral with the fastening area. The fixed edge is in the shape of an angle steel, with the plane of the angle steel fixed to the fastening area. The plane of the angle steel is preferably clamped and fixed between the fastening frame and the reverse pressure plate (which is the same length as the plane of the angle steel) to form a "sandwich".

[0015] In one embodiment, the fastening area of ​​the deployable side plate is arranged along both sides of the fastening frame of the rupture element.

[0016] In one embodiment, each deployable side panel has an edge integrally connected to the baffle, which serves as a hinge. The hinge preferably includes alternating hinge segments formed by folding the baffle and side panel, and a pin that passes through and is integral with the hinge segments (welded or riveted to the relatively distant end of the hinge, or crimped into place).

[0017] In one embodiment, each deployable side panel comprises two nearly triangular sides that are folded together when the side panel is folded. These two hinged surfaces are preferably hinged by a central hinge (in some cases, the central hinge includes alternating rolled hinge joints formed by folding the edges of each hinged surface and a pin that passes through and is integrally connected to these hinge joints (welded or riveted to the relatively distant end of the hinge, or press-fitted into place)).

[0018] In one embodiment, the explosion-proof panel has at least one safety fixing element on each deployable side panel to hold the baffle in the deployed position (this safety fixing element is an additional fixing element for the deployable side panel, which can also be used to fix the baffle and determine its angular limit). Typically, one side of the safety fixing element is fixed to the front end face of the baffle (i.e., facing outwards from the explosion-proof panel and opposite to the rupture element), and the other side is fixed to the fastening area of ​​the deployable side panel. Each deployable side panel of the aforementioned explosion-proof panel must have at least one safety fixing element, which is fixed to the fastening area by bolts; in some cases, the explosion-proof panel must have at least one safety element fixed to the reverse pressure plate (covering the angle steel plane of the deployable side panel).

[0019] In one embodiment, each deployable side panel of the explosion-proof panel has multiple safety fastening elements, which are secured in a rope-like manner at different locations throughout the fastening area and at different locations on the baffle (starting from the front face of the baffle).

[0020] In one embodiment, each deployable side panel of the explosion-proof panel has a safety fixing element, which is bipod-shaped and includes two hinged links. The more distant ends of the two links (i.e., the hinged ends) are hinged to each other. The other end of one link is fixed to a fastening area, and the other end of the other link is fixed to the front face (of the panel) (usually by an L-shaped connecting piece). The hinged ends of the links are preferably located near the central hinge between the two hinged faces of each deployable side panel. When the deployable side panel is in a folded state (i.e., the two side panels are pressed together), the two links of the hinge also close together.

[0021] In another installation example, each unfolded side panel of the explosion-proof panel has at least one safety fixing element, forming a rigid rotating rod with its rotating end fixed to the fastening area and the other end detachably fixed to the baffle (usually fixed to the front face of the baffle by an L-shaped connecting piece).

[0022] Ideally, when the explosion-proof panel and opening angle limiting system are in the installation-ready state, both deployable side panels should be in the deployed state. When the device is in the installation-ready state, both deployable side panels should preferably be in the deployed state, and the limiting system should be in the angle-locked state (i.e., the deployable side panels cannot be accidentally folded).

[0023] In one embodiment, the explosion-proof panel includes at least one, preferably at least two, locking elements for locking the deployable side panels in their folded position (typically, this locking is temporary when the deployable side panels are in the folded position, until the panel is installed and put into use) or in their unfolded position. The deployable side panels preferably have at least one locking element, which is the same removable component, for locking each deployable side panel in either the folded or unfolded position.

[0024] A locking element is used to hold the angle limiting system in a closed position (with the deployable side panel folded) to reduce the volume of the explosion-proof panel. Therefore, in one embodiment, the folded deployable side panel and the closed baffle form a single plane that is (almost) parallel to the rupture element. Thus, during transport of the explosion-proof panel to its final installation destination, the locking element ensures that the opening angle limiting system remains in the closed position, and then, once the explosion-proof panel is in an installation-ready state and the deployable side panel has been deployed, the locking element can adjust the opening angle limiting system to its deployed position, in which the rupture element can be secured when opened. The locking element ensures that the safety fixing elements of the deployed side panel remain locked.

[0025] In one embodiment, each locking element forms a pin (sometimes also equipped with a safety bump) that matches a pin hole in the safety fixing element.

[0026] In one embodiment, each locking element is Z-shaped and includes two end wings, one of which is fixed to the fastening area and the other end wing is fixed to the baffle (front end face), with bolts in the fastening area serving a fixing function.

[0027] The beneficial effects of this application are as follows: This explosion-proof panel can withstand extremely high pressure and maintains a limited opening angle when a fractured component breaks apart. It is also immediately and effectively activated in the event of an explosion. Furthermore, its compact size facilitates transportation and storage, and its design allows for quick and easy installation. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an installation example of the explosion-proof panel of the present invention, including an example of an opening angle limiting system. The diagram shows the explosion-proof panel in the closed position and the opening angle limiting system in the closed position.

[0029] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Side view.

[0030] Figure 3 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the opening angle limiting system in the unfolded position, which is also the state of the explosion-proof plate in the working position.

[0031] Figure 4 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a partial area of ​​the explosion-proof panel.

[0032] Figure 5 for Figure 2 Side view during the deployment of the opening angle limiting system.

[0033] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the locking element of the opening angle limiting system in the closed position.

[0034] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the locking mechanism of the opening angle limiting system in the unfolded position.

[0035] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of another installation example of an explosion-proof panel in an opening angle limiting system, where the system is in a closed position.

[0036] Figure 9 for Figure 8 The diagram shows the explosion-proof panel in the unfolded position when the opening angle limiting system is in place.

[0037] Figure 10 This is a partial schematic diagram of the opening angle limiting system during its deployment process.

[0038] Figure 11 for Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the locking element of the opening angle limiting system.

[0039] Figure 12 A schematic diagram of the locking element of the opening angle limiting system in the unfolded position.

[0040] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the explosion-proof panel in the closed position in another example of the opening angle limiting system installation.

[0041] Figure 14 for Figure 13 The diagram shows the explosion-proof panel, with the opening angle limiting system in the deployed position.

[0042] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the locking element of the opening angle limiting system when it is in the closed position in another installation example. Detailed Implementation

[0043] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be practiced in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0044] The explosion-proof plate 1 of the present invention can be used to protect the structure from explosion when abnormal overpressure occurs inside the structure, and to limit the opening angle of the central part of the explosion-proof plate. This part will tear and crack under overpressure.

[0045] Therefore, the function of the explosion-proof plate 1 is to fix it to the protected structure or container (not shown in the figure) by using connecting bolts (not shown in the figure) that pass through the bolt fixing holes 10 and the explosion-proof plate 1 around the perimeter of the explosion-proof plate, thereby preventing the formation of cracks in the structure or container in a sealing manner. The fixing holes 10 are distributed around the entire perimeter of the explosion-proof plate.

[0046] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 as well as Figure 4As shown, the explosion-proof plate 1 includes a fracture element 2 (in the form of a thin metal sheet), an embrittlement zone (not visible), and a closed surface 20 forming a sealed surface (which can crack under overpressure), a sealing gasket 3 called a "support seal ring" (this sealing gasket is designed to fit tightly against one side of the fracture element 2 (i.e., the inner side of the thin metal sheet) and abut against the container when the explosion-proof plate is installed in place), a frame 4 (preferably made of metal, its function is to secure the fracture element 2 to the container), and a contact surface sealing gasket 5 (i.e., a contact surface sealing gasket that fits tightly against the other side of the fracture element 2, the side opposite to the sealing gasket 3, and the fastening frame 4 is tightly fitted onto the sealing gasket 3). Therefore, the contact surface sealing gasket 5 is sandwiched between the fastening frame 4 and the fracture element 2, covering the embrittlement zone.

[0047] In addition, the explosion-proof plate 1 also includes an opening angle limiting system 6, which can limit the fracture element 2 to a specific angle when the embrittlement zone breaks.

[0048] The explosion-proof plate 1 here is rectangular, but it can also be square, circular or other geometric shapes.

[0049] The thickness of the fracturing element 2 is preferably determined to be between 0.5 and 1.2 mm, for example, around 0.8 mm. The fracturing element 2 includes a closed surface 20, a peripheral fixed surface 20', and an embrittlement zone (not shown in the figure) located at the boundary between the closed surface 20 and the peripheral fixed surface 20'. The embrittlement zone of the fracturing element 2 is located within the thickness of the fracturing element, and this area is capable of fracturing when overpressure occurs within the protected container. The embrittlement zone may consist of discontinuous cracks within the thickness of the fracturing element 2, which are typically laser-machined and connected by a brittle solid material. The embrittlement zone is arranged around the entire or part of the perimeter of the fracturing element 2, particularly for rectangular or square explosion-proof panels, typically on three sides, and close to the perimeter of the fastening frame 4. Depending on the specific installation example of the explosion-proof panel 1, the embrittlement zone may be arranged along the entire perimeter of the fracturing element 2, or along a portion of the perimeter. The embrittlement zone is preferably located on three sides so that the fourth side acts as a hinge when opened, with the fracturing element 2 always attached to the explosion-proof panel. In some cases, the hinge side of the rupture element 2 in the example shown in the figure is parallel to and at the same level as the rotation side 60C of the opening angle limiting system 6 described below. Furthermore, the rupture element 2 may also include multiple layers of reinforced folds 21, such as diamond-shaped folds.

[0050] The fastening frame 4 can consist of one or more parts. Here, the fastening frame 4 consists of four parts, which in most cases correspond to the four sides of the fracture element 2 (the explosion-proof plate is rectangular). The fastening frame 4 consists of four parts, each corresponding to one of the four sides of the fracture element 2, and is tightly fitted against the contact surface sealing gasket 5. It retracts outwards around its perimeter relative to the centerline of the embrittlement zone so that the closed surface 20 of the fracture element 2 can be torn. The fastening frame 4 faces the peripheral fixing surface 20' of the fracture element 2, and the contact surface sealing gasket 5 is sandwiched between the fastening frame 4 and the peripheral fixing surface 20'. The opening angle limiting system 6 is applicable to any type of fracture element 2, especially any type of embrittlement zone layout. Therefore, the fracture element 2 and the fastening frame 4 will not be described further here.

[0051] The sealing gasket 3 is used to ensure the peripheral sealing of the explosion-proof plate 1, especially the sealing between the explosion-proof plate 1 and the rupture element 2 and between the explosion-proof plate 1 and the container. The sealing gasket 3 is made of an elastic compressible material, even meeting food-grade standards, and is composed of known relevant materials. During the manufacture of the explosion-proof plate, the sealing gasket 3 is preferably bonded to the rupture element 2 by adhesive bonding. The sealing gasket 3 forms a frame whose shape conforms to the perimeter of the rupture element 2 and covers the brittle areas on the inner surface of the rupture element 2. Furthermore, the sealing gasket 3 may also cover the entire inner surface of the rupture element 2 opposite the container.

[0052] The geometry of the contact surface sealing gasket 5 is consistent with that of the fastening frame 4. The contact surface sealing gasket 5 also covers the embrittled area of ​​the fracture element 2.

[0053] The sealing gasket 3 and the contact surface sealing gasket 5 are preferably installed on each surface of the ruptured element 2 by adhesive bonding. Alternatively, the contact surface sealing gasket 5 can be installed on the fastening frame 4 by adhesive bonding.

[0054] In another case, the contact surface sealing gasket 5 is not considered; in this case, the fastening frame 4 is in direct contact with the rupture element 2, and is preferably welded to the rupture element 2 by spot welding.

[0055] The opening angle limiting system 6 is separate from the fracture element (metal sheet) 2. The opening angle limiting system 6 is attached to the fastening frame 4, and is at least or preferably fixed only at the fastening areas 40 and 41 on both sides of the fastening frame 4.

[0056] The opening angle limiting system 6 includes a baffle 60. When the explosion-proof plate 1 is in the working position, the baffle 60 is positioned at a certain angle (statically) relative to the rupture element 2, such as... Figure 3 As shown. The opening angle limiting system 6 is applicable to two positions: one is called the unfolded position ( Figure 3), used to limit the opening angle of the rupture element 2 in the event of an explosion; another is called the closed position ( Figure 1 and Figure 2 The baffle 60 is positioned when not in use, creating a generally flat and compact explosion-proof panel for easy transport and storage. When the baffle 60 is parallel to, opposite to, and in front of the rupture element 2, it is in the closed position. The baffle 60 can be rotated to switch between the closed and open positions.

[0057] Once the explosion-proof plate 1 is installed and secured to the container to be protected, and the fracturing element 2 is in the closed state, the opening angle limiting system 6 deploys on-site, enabling it to function when the fracturing element 2 breaks open. The deployed opening angle limiting system 6 is at an angle (e.g., 45°) compared to its folded state. It is best to keep the opening angle limiting system 6 deployed on-site to avoid wasting deployment time when the fracturing element 2 breaks open; this also provides greater drag to hold the fracturing element in place during an explosion. Since the opening angle limiting system 6 is deployed, it serves both as a stop for the fracturing element 2 and as a deflector for the blast wave and any resulting flames. Therefore, the opening angle limiting system 6 is designed to prevent the already broken fracturing element 2 from breaking open (for clarity, ...). Figure 2 (The ruptured element is not shown in its open state), and it directs the shock wave and any resulting flames in a specific direction.

[0058] The opening angle limiting system 6 includes a baffle 60 that can rotate in the open position and two deployable side panels, namely deployable side panels 61A and 61B. These two deployable side panels can be switched from a closed position to an deployed position (also known as an open position), in which the explosion-proof panel 1 should be in an effectively usable state. The baffle 60 has two opposing sides, namely side panels 60A and 60B. The deployable side panels 61A and 61B are arranged laterally and connected to the two opposing sides 60A and 60B of the baffle 60 and the two lateral fastening areas 40 and 41 of the fastening frame 4. The deployable side panels 61A and 61B can be in a folded or deployed state; when switching from the folded to the deployed state, the baffle 60 rotates accordingly and opens at a given angle. The deployable side panels 61A and 61B also allow for switching from the deployed position to the closed position when necessary, such as when the still intact explosion-proof panel needs to be refolded into a compact state and disassembled.

[0059] The opening angle limiting system 6 is fixed to the fastening frame 4, at the same level as the fastening areas around the explosion-proof plate 1. Since the explosion-proof plate is square or rectangular, the explosion-proof plate 1 has two opposing side fastening areas 40 and 41. Preferably, the opening angle limiting system 6 is fixed to the fastening frame 4 by reverse pressure plates 70 and 71. Figure 1 and Figure 8 In the example of the explosion-proof plate shown, two opposing reverse pressure plates 70 are arranged vertically along the opposing side fastening areas 40 and 41, and two other opposing reverse pressure plates 71 are arranged above and below the aforementioned side fastening areas 40 and 41.

[0060] The opening angle limiting system 6 preferably includes at least one safety fixing element 8 for fixing the baffle 60 (described below) to ensure that the baffle 60 can be securely fixed in its deployed position in the event of an explosion and the rupture of the rupture element 2.

[0061] The explosion-proof panel 1 preferably includes a locking device (described in detail below), which consists of at least one temporary locking element 9 (locked when the explosion-proof panel 60 is in the closed position and the deployable side panels 61A and 61B are in the folded position). At least one locking element 9 is used to ensure that the panel 60 is in the closed position. The function of the locking element 9 is to prevent the opening angle limiting system 6 from being accidentally opened. Furthermore, at least one locking element 9 is required to further lock at least one safety fixing element 8 when the panel 60 is in the deployed position to prevent the panel 60 from being accidentally closed.

[0062] The baffle 60 in the illustration is square or rectangular, including: Two opposing side panels 60A and 60B are connected to expandable side panels 61A and 61B. A rotating side 60C adjacent to the side; A free side 60D opposite to the rotating side.

[0063] The geometry of baffle 60 is similar to the closed surface 20 of rupture element 2. For example... Figure 1 As shown, the surface of the baffle 60 substantially corresponds to the closed surface 20 of the rupture element 2. In another case, the baffle 60 is shorter than the closed surface 20 in a certain direction, particularly along the directions of sides 60A and 60B.

[0064] When the opening angle limiting system 6 switches from the closed position to the open position, the baffle 60 remains stationary in its own plane. The baffle 60 has a virtual rotation axis on one side (rotation side 60C) and is hinged to the deployable side plates 61A and 61B on the side of the baffle perpendicular to the rotation side.

[0065] like Figure 5and 14 As shown, in the open position of the opening angle limiting system 6, the rotating side 60C may not be fully aligned with the fastening frame 4.

[0066] The baffle 60 rotates relative to its rotating side 60C and is hinged to the deployable side plates 61A and 61B via sides 60A and 60B. The baffle 60 is fixedly connected to each deployable side plate 61A and 61B via first hinges 62 on its sides 60A and 60B. When the deployable side plates 61A and 61B are deployed, they will cause the baffle 60, which was originally stationary, to rotate.

[0067] The deployable side panels 61A and 61B are fixed and hinged along the fastening areas 40 and 41 on the side of the explosion-proof plate, respectively, using the fastening frame 4. The hinge is achieved through the second hinge 62'.

[0068] Especially reference Figure 3 , Figure 5 , Figure 9 , Figure 10 and Figure 14 Each deployable side panel 61A and 61B comprises two generally triangular side panels 61 and 61', which are hinged together by a central hinge 62'' (hereinafter referred to as the central hinge). The two side panels 61 and 61' of the deployable side panels are folded together by the central hinge 62'', overlapping each other. The overlapping direction is usually towards the inside of the explosion-proof plate (in another case, the overlapping direction may also be towards the outside), and is parallel to and opposite to the rupture element 2 (i.e., the closed surface 20 of the rupture element). Side panel 61 is fixed and hinged to the baffle 60 by the first hinge 62, while side panel 61' is fixed and hinged to the side fastening areas 40 and 41 of the fastening frame 4 by the second hinge 62'.

[0069] A central hinge 62'' connecting the two sides 61 and 61' of the deployable side panel includes alternating hinge segments formed by rolling up each side edge, and a pin passing through the hinge segments and connecting them as a single unit. The pin can be fixed to the distal end of the hinge by means of welding or riveting, or by pressing the annular region of the end hinge segment into the annular groove of the pin.

[0070] The method for manufacturing the first hinge 62 that connects the side 61 of the expandable side plate 61A and expandable side plate 61B to the baffle 60 is as follows: the edges to be connected in the side and the baffle are alternately folded into rolled hinge sections, and the hinge sections are connected with pins to form a whole.

[0071] The second hinge 62' connecting the sides 61' of the deployable side plates 61A and 61B to the fastening frame 4 is manufactured by bending each edge of the side 61' and simultaneously bending the edge of the angle steel 64, thereby forming alternating rolled hinge sections, which are connected by pins to form a single unit. The angle steel 64 has a wing plate 64' on the opposite side of the hinge edge, which is in close contact with the fastening frame 4 within the corresponding side fastening area 40 and fastening area 41. To ensure that each angle steel 64 (i.e., the wing plate 64' of the angle steel) is in close contact with the fastening frame 4, the explosion-proof plate 1 includes a reverse pressure plate 70 and a reverse pressure plate 71, respectively.

[0072] Each reverse pressure plate 70, reverse pressure plate 71, wing plate 64' of each angle steel, fastening frame 4, contact surface sealing gasket 5 and sealing gasket 3, and rupture element 2 are provided with uniformly distributed through holes to form fixing holes 10, which are used in conjunction with bolts to fix the explosion-proof plate.

[0073] The opening angle limiting system 6 is equipped with a deployable side panel 61A, a deployable side panel 61B and one or more safety fixing elements 8 on each side. Figure 1 and Figure 8 The installation example shows that each deployable side panel has only one safety fixing element 8. Figure 13 The installation example shows that each deployable side panel has multiple safety fastening elements 8 arranged at certain intervals. Each safety fastening element 8 extends beyond the opening angle limiting system 6 and, when the baffle 60 is in the open position, is parallel to and abuts against the deployable side panels 61A and 61B, and extends laterally along the deployable side panels 61A and 61B. These safety fastening elements 8 assist in securing the side panel 61' within the explosion-proof plate fastening area, thereby ensuring the fixation of the baffle 60.

[0074] Each safety fixing element 8 is fixed on one side to the front end face 60' of the baffle 60 (i.e., the side facing the external environment, opposite to the rupture element 2), and on the other side to the fastening areas 40 and 41 of the deployable side plate. For Figure 1 and Figure 8 In the example shown, each deployable side panel is provided with only one safety fixing element 8, and each safety fixing element 8 is arranged near the edge opposite to the rotating side 60C of the baffle so as to fit tightly against the maximum surface of the deployable side panel.

[0075] The figure shows three other ways to install the safety fixing element 8, but the installation methods are not limited to these.

[0076] like Figures 1 to 7As shown in the first illustration, the safety fixing element 8 forms a hinge (two-legged gauge 80A) that can be held in a retracted state along the lateral fastening areas 40 and 41, or in an extended state relative to the lateral direction of the deployable side panels 61A and 61B. Each hinge includes a link 81 and a link 82, which are hinged to each other at the distal end 83 (i.e., the hinged end) of each link; and each link 81 and link 82 has another distal end 84 and distal end 85, wherein the distal end 84 of link 81 is fixed to the fastening area 40 or fastening area 41, and the distal end 85 of link 82 is fixed to the front end face 60' of the baffle 60 by an L-shaped connecting piece 86. The hinged ends 83 of the links are approximately located at the position of the central hinge 62 between the two sides 61 and side 61' of each deployable side panel. When one of the expandable side panels is in a folded state (i.e., the two side panels 61 and 61' are in contact with each other), the two connecting rods 81 and 82 of the two-legged guide device are also in contact with each other.

[0077] like Figures 8 to 12 As shown, each safety fixing element 8 includes a rigid hinge arm 80B (typically made of metal) fixed to the fastening area 40 and fastening area 41, with an L-shaped connecting piece 86 fixed to the baffle 60. The rigid hinge arm 80B can rotate from a state that allows it to be retracted along the fastening area. Figure 8 Switch to the unfolded state with the back panel unfolded. Figure 9 The rigid articulated arm 80B has a rotatable first end 87A (fixed to the lateral fastening area 40, fastening area 41) and an opposing second end 87B (which can be detachably fixed to the L-shaped connecting piece 86, the L-shaped connecting piece 86 itself being integrally connected to the front end face 60' of the baffle 60).

[0078] In the first two installation examples, each safety fixing element 8 is a movable part, allowing switching between a retracted and extended position; examples include the rigid bipedal gauge 80A and the rotatable rigid hinged arm 80B. The retracted and extended positions of the safety fixing elements 8 are maintained by locking elements 9. Locking elements 9 are preferably locking pins. Each locking pin engages with a hole located at a suitable position on each safety fixing element 8, thereby locking the rigid bipedal gauge 80A or the rigid hinged arm 80B in its retracted or extended position.

[0079] Taking the bipedal-type safety fixing element as an example, connecting rods 81 and 82 (one of which is integrated with the fastening area of ​​the panel, and the other is integrated with the baffle 60) are provided with holes. These holes are arranged so that their positions are exactly opposite when the bipedal-type safety fixing element is folded or unfolded, and also accommodate pins to lock the folded or unfolded position. Specifically, the bipedal-type safety fixing element has holes at each distal end 84 and distal end 85 (…). Figure 3 and Figure 5 Within the area, holes 90 and 91 are respectively provided. These holes 90 and 91 are opposite each other when the hinge is retracted, thus allowing for the accommodation of... Figure 6 The pin shown. Furthermore, as... Figure 1 and Figure 7 As shown, the bipedal safety fixing element has holes 92 and 93 in the hinged end area of ​​each link 81 and link 82, as well as in the vertical connecting piece 81' and connecting piece 82'. These two holes are aligned with each other when the bipedal safety fixing element is in the unfolded state, so as to accommodate the pin to lock the unfolded position.

[0080] In the illustration of the rigid articulated arm 80B, in addition to the pin, a safety plug 9' is also provided. Both the rigid articulated arm 80B (integrated with the fastening area of ​​the explosion-proof plate) and the L-shaped connecting piece 86 (integrated with the baffle 60) have holes. These holes are appropriately arranged to align with each other when the rigid articulated arm is in the folded or unfolded position, and also serve to accommodate the safety plug 9', which is fastened to the pin, thereby locking the folded or unfolded position. Specifically, the rigid articulated arm 80B (as shown in the illustration)... Figure 10 As shown, holes 94 and 95 are respectively provided on each of its first ends 87A and second ends 87B, while the vertical rotating arm 86' of the L-shaped connecting piece 86, which is integrally connected to the baffle 60 (this rotating arm is located in a plane parallel to the rigid hinge arm 80B), is provided with hole 96. When the rigid hinge arm 80B is in the closed position, the hole 96 on the L-shaped connecting piece 86, which is integrally connected to the baffle 60, aligns with the hole 94 on the first end 87A, thereby accommodating the safety plug 9' (this nut is used to fasten the pin), as... Figure 11 As shown. When the rigid hinge arm 80B is in the extended position, the hole 96 on the L-shaped connecting piece 86, which is integrally connected with the baffle 60, aligns with the hole 95 on the second end 87B, thereby accommodating the safety plug 9' (this nut is used to fasten the pin 9), as shown. Figure 12 As shown.

[0081] Figure 13 and Figure 14 Another installation method for the safety fixing element 8 is demonstrated. The safety fixing element 8 is a steel cable 80C, the length of which is adjusted to ensure that the steel cable is in a slack state when the deployable side panel is in the closed position. Figure 13) and closely adhere to the side fastening areas 40 and 41; while when the deployable side plate is in the deployed position, the steel cable is in a taut state. Figure 14 And it is tightly attached to the deployable side panel. In this installation example, when the deployable side panels 61A and 61B are deployed, the steel cable 80C will automatically change from a slack state to a tensioned state.

[0082] exist Figure 13 In another case, the locking element 9 is a removable component installed in the closed position of the opening angle limiting system 6. Figure 15 The baffle 60 is then disassembled in the unfolded position. A removable locking element 9 is provided on each of the two fastening areas 40 and 41 and engages with one edge of the front end face 60' of the baffle 60 to secure the baffle 60 in the closed position. The locking element 9 may be a Z-shaped bend, with its fixing portion 97 temporarily connected to the reverse pressure plate 70 and reverse pressure plate 71 by bolts 98 (passing through a bolt hole 10), and screws 98 passing through its support portion 99. The support portion 99 is in close contact with the front end face 60' of the baffle 60, thereby keeping the baffle in the closed state.

[0083] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0084] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of this invention patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. Explosion-proof panels, including: A fracture element (2) includes a closed surface (20) surrounded by a brittle zone and a peripheral fixed surface (20'). A fastening frame (4) is disposed on the peripheral fixing surface (20') and does not cover the brittle area. A contact surface sealing gasket (5) is sandwiched between the peripheral fixing surface (20') and the fastening frame (4) and covers the brittle area. An opening angle limiting system (6) can maintain the fracture element (2) at a specific angle when fracture occurs in the embrittlement zone. The characteristic feature is that the opening angle limiting system (6) includes: A baffle (60) aligned with the closed surface (20) of the rupture element (2), the baffle (60) being rotatable along a virtual rotation axis of its rotation side (60C), and two deployable side plates (61A, 61B) connecting the baffle (60) to the fastening area (40, 41) of the fastening frame (4) starting from the two sides (60A, 60B) opposite to the baffle (60) and adjacent to the rotation side. The two deployable side plates (61A, 61B) have two positions: one is the folded position, i.e., the folded position, in which a flat explosion-proof plate is formed and the baffle (60) is located in a plane parallel to the closed surface (20) of the rupture element (2); the other is the unfolded position, i.e., the unfolded position, in which the explosion-proof plate formed has an opening angle limiting system (6) arranged at a certain angle relative to the baffle (60).

2. The explosion-proof plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The baffle (60) is rigid and completely solid, and the baffle (60) is arranged along the closed surface (20') of the rupture element, covering all or almost all of the closed surface (20).

3. The explosion-proof plate according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, Each deployable side panel (61A, 61B) has a fixed edge (64) integrally connected to the fastening area (40, 41). The fixed edge (64) is in the shape of an angle steel, and the flange (64') of the angle steel is fixed to the fastening area (40, 41). Alternatively, the flange (64') is clamped and fixed between the fastening frame (4) and the reverse pressure plate (70) arranged along the entire angle steel.

4. The explosion-proof plate according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, Each deployable side panel (61A, 61B) has an edge connected to a baffle (60) that forms a first hinge (62) comprising alternating hinge segments formed by folding the baffle and side panels, and pins passing through and integrally formed with these hinge segments.

5. The explosion-proof plate according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, Each deployable side panel (61A, 61B) comprises two hinged, approximately triangular sides (61, 61') that fold together when the side panel is in the folded position, and these two sides (61, 61') are hinged together by a central hinge (62'').

6. The explosion-proof plate according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, Each deployable side panel (61A, 61B) has at least one safety fixing element (8) that fixes the baffle (60) in the deployed position; the safety fixing element (8) is fixed on the front end face (60') of the baffle (60), that is, the side facing the outside of the panel and opposite to the break element (2); on the other hand, the safety fixing element (8) is fixed in the fastening area corresponding to the deployable side panel.

7. The explosion-proof plate according to claim 6, characterized in that, Each deployable side panel (61A, 61B) is equipped with multiple cable-type safety fastening elements (8), which are fixed at different positions along the entire fastening area and at different positions on the baffle (60).

8. The explosion-proof plate according to claim 6, characterized in that, Each deployable side panel is equipped with at least one bipedal safety fastening element (8), which has two connecting rods (81, 82) connected at one end by a hinge (83), the so-called hinge end, and each connecting rod (81, 82) also has another distal end (84, 85), one of which is hinged to the fastening area (40, 41) and the other is hinged to the baffle (60).

9. The explosion-proof plate according to claim 6, characterized in that, Each deployable side panel is equipped with at least one safety fixing element (8), which is a rigid hinge arm (80B). One end (87A) of the rigid hinge arm (80B) is hinged to the fastening area (40, 41), while the other end (87B) of the rigid hinge arm (80B) is opposite to it and is detachably fixed to the baffle (60).

10. The explosion-proof plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, It includes at least one or at least two locking elements (9) for locking the deployable side panels (61A, 61B) in a folded or unfolded position; or, it includes at least one locking element (9) that is also a detachable component for locking each deployable side panel in a folded or unfolded position.

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