Coal belt conveyor spray dust suppression device and coal dust suppression method

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of coal belt conveyor spray dust suppression device, including moisture analysis system, spraying system and control system, the moisture analysis system and spraying system are all set to the transmission belt above coal belt conveyor, and the moisture analysis system and spraying system are spaced apart along the coal direction, the moisture analysis system and control system signal connection and are used to feedback the moisture content of coal-fired, the spraying system and control system are connected by signal and are used to execute spraying action.A kind of coal dust suppression method is executed by the above-mentioned coal belt conveyor spray dust suppression device.In the present application, the moisture content of coal-fired is collected and spraying flow is controlled according to the moisture content of coal-fired, both can effectively control the dust of coal transportation, and can avoid the moisture content of coal-fired to increase due to long-time spraying, energy saving and water saving.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of coal conveying systems, and specifically to a dust suppression device and method for coal conveying belts. Background Technology

[0002] In thermal power plants, the coal conveyor belt is the core equipment of the entire fuel transportation line. Its stable operation is a crucial foundation for ensuring continuous power generation and the safe and stable operation of the entire plant. In actual production, power plants often use coal with high ash content due to coal blending and procurement needs. This type of coal easily generates a large amount of dust during transportation due to friction, vibration, and airflow. This dust not only creates severe dust pollution above the conveyor belt's working area, significantly reducing on-site air quality, but can also accumulate on the belt surface, idlers, and drive units, leading to belt slippage, misalignment, accelerated wear, and even equipment failure or shutdown accidents, posing a significant threat to the normal operation of the coal conveying system. Simultaneously, high dust emission conditions cannot meet the requirements of clean production and environmental regulations, posing a severe challenge to power plants in terms of pollutant control and increasing environmental governance costs and compliance pressures. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a dust suppression device and method for coal conveying belts by spraying, which collects the moisture content of coal and controls the spray flow rate according to the moisture content of coal, thereby effectively controlling the dust generated during coal transportation.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: a dust suppression spraying device for a coal conveyor belt includes a moisture analysis system, a spraying system and a control system. The moisture analysis system and the spraying system are both installed above the conveyor belt of the coal conveyor belt, and the moisture analysis system and the spraying system are spaced apart along the coal conveying direction. The moisture analysis system is signal-connected to the control system for feedback of the moisture content of the coal, and the spraying system is signal-connected to the control system for executing the spraying action.

[0005] The beneficial effects of this invention are: the moisture analysis system collects the moisture content of coal and feeds it back to the control system, which adjusts the spray flow rate and duration based on the coal moisture content data. This effectively controls dust during coal transportation and avoids increasing the moisture content of coal due to prolonged spraying, thus saving energy and water. At the same time, the moisture analysis system and the spraying system are arranged at intervals along the coal conveying direction, so the spray water mist will not interfere with the moisture content detection, ensuring accurate data.

[0006] Based on the above technical solution, the present invention can be further improved as follows.

[0007] Furthermore, the moisture analysis system includes a moisture analyzer, which is located above the middle of the conveyor belt. The moisture analyzer includes an infrared radiation sensor. The spray system includes a water supply path and spray heads. The water supply path is located outside the conveyor belt and is equipped with a control valve. The control valve is controlled by the control system. The infrared radiation sensor and the spray heads are spaced apart along the transmission direction.

[0008] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further solutions are that the moisture analyzer obtains the moisture content of coal through an infrared radiation sensor, and the detection accuracy is high; the control valve can accurately adjust the water spray volume, which can not only ensure sufficient and uniform water spraying to suppress dust, but also help control the moisture content of coal, and is suitable for continuous automated operation of the production line.

[0009] Furthermore, the control valve is a solenoid valve, and the control valve has a manual mode and an electronic control mode.

[0010] The advantages of adopting the above-mentioned further solutions are that they can not only meet the requirements of automated remote control, but also be independently controlled in the event of power failure, malfunction or maintenance, and have a wide range of applications.

[0011] Furthermore, the distance between the moisture analyzer and the conveyor belt is 450–550 mm.

[0012] The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further solution is that the distance between the moisture analyzer and the conveyor belt is reasonable, which can not only ensure that the infrared radiation sensor accurately collects the moisture content of the coal, but also avoid the damage to the equipment caused by coal or liquid splashing.

[0013] Furthermore, spray nozzles are installed at the corresponding drop points and / or transition drop points on the conveyor belt.

[0014] The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further scheme is that by deploying spray heads at the locations where dust is most severe, the spread of coal dust can be reduced at the source, resulting in a better dust suppression effect.

[0015] Furthermore, the spray head is a fan-shaped spray head, and a removable filter screen is arranged inside the spray head.

[0016] The advantages of adopting the above-mentioned further solution are that the spray head adopts a fan-shaped spray head, which has the advantages of wide spray coverage, uniform water mist and good dust suppression effect; and the removable filter screen installed in the spray head can filter impurities in the water, avoid clogging of the spray head, ensure the spraying effect, and the filter screen is easy to install and remove, which is convenient for replacement and maintenance.

[0017] Furthermore, it also includes an audible and visual alarm device, which is connected to and controlled by the control system, and issues an alarm by the audible and visual alarm device.

[0018] The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further solution is that when the moisture content of the coal exceeds the acceptable moisture threshold multiple times, the staff will be alerted by an audible and visual alarm, making it convenient to take timely measures.

[0019] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention also provides another technical solution: a coal conveying dust suppression method, executed by a coal conveyor belt spray suppression device as described above, including an automatic dust suppression step: Step S1: Preset the moisture content threshold according to the type of coal being transported; Step S2: Obtain the moisture content of the coal; Step S3: Compare the moisture content with the acceptable moisture threshold. If the moisture content falls within the acceptable moisture threshold, the sprinkler system remains closed; If the moisture content is less than the acceptable moisture threshold, start the sprinkler system.

[0020] The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further scheme is that by collecting the moisture content of coal and controlling the spray flow rate according to the moisture content of coal, it is possible to effectively control the dust generated during coal transportation and avoid increasing the moisture content of coal due to prolonged spraying, thus saving energy and water.

[0021] Furthermore, in step S3, if 98% * moisture content threshold < moisture content ≤ 99% * moisture content threshold, the sprinkler system sprays water intermittently; if moisture content ≤ 98% * moisture content threshold, the sprinkler system sprays water continuously.

[0022] The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further solution is that precise water spraying for coal with different moisture contents can not only ensure the dust suppression effect, but also avoid the coal from becoming too wet due to continuous spraying, and save energy and water.

[0023] Furthermore, it also includes a manual dust suppression step, which involves manually starting and stopping the spray system based on the dust levels.

[0024] The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further solution is that the spray system can be manually started in the event of sudden dust storms, electrical control failures, or power outages, providing an emergency dust suppression function. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a dust suppression spraying device for a coal conveyor belt according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the automatic dust suppression process in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The principles and features of the present invention are described below. The examples given are only for explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0027] Example 1 like Figure 1 As shown in the figure, this embodiment provides a dust suppression spraying device for a coal conveyor belt, including a moisture analysis system, a spraying system and a control system. The moisture analysis system and the spraying system are both installed above the conveyor belt of the coal conveyor belt, and the moisture analysis system and the spraying system are spaced apart along the coal conveying direction. The moisture analysis system is signal-connected to the control system and is used to provide feedback on the moisture content of the coal. The spraying system is signal-connected to the control system and is used to perform spraying actions.

[0028] In this embodiment, the moisture analysis system collects the moisture content of the coal and feeds it back to the control system. The control system adjusts the spray flow rate and duration based on the moisture content data of the coal, which can effectively control dust during coal transportation and avoid increasing the moisture content of the coal due to prolonged spraying, thus saving energy and water. At the same time, the moisture analysis system and the spraying system are arranged at intervals along the coal conveying direction, so the spray water mist will not interfere with the moisture content detection, ensuring data accuracy.

[0029] The moisture analysis system includes a moisture analyzer positioned above the center of the conveyor belt and includes an infrared radiation sensor. The spraying system includes a water supply path and spray heads. The water supply path is located outside the conveyor belt and equipped with a control valve, which is controlled by the control system. The infrared radiation sensor and spray heads are spaced apart along the conveying direction. Thus, the moisture analyzer obtains the coal moisture content using the infrared radiation sensor with high accuracy; the control valve precisely adjusts the water spray volume, ensuring both sufficient and uniform dust suppression and effective control of the coal moisture content, making it suitable for continuous automated operation on the production line.

[0030] Specifically, the moisture analyzer is mounted on an overhead gantry frame above the middle of the conveyor belt, with a distance of 450–550 mm between the analyzer and the belt. This reasonable distance ensures accurate measurement of coal moisture content by the infrared radiation sensor while preventing damage from coal or liquid splashes. The moisture analyzer includes an infrared radiation sensor, which is preferably positioned on the horizontal section of the conveyor belt in the direction of travel, avoiding interference areas such as idler gaps and material drop points to ensure uniform and stable coal thickness on the detection surface.

[0031] The infrared radiation sensor's detection probe includes both an infrared emitting unit and an infrared receiving sensor. The infrared emitting unit actively emits infrared radiation of a specific wavelength towards the coal, while the infrared receiving sensor collects the infrared signals reflected from the coal seams with different moisture contents. The radiation is converted into corresponding electrical signals and fed back to the control system for processing, analysis, and comparison. The moisture content of the coal is calculated based on the wavelength variation of the infrared signals. Alternatively, the detection probe can also consist only of an infrared receiving sensor, or an infrared emitting device can be added separately to the moisture analyzer.

[0032] Preferably, the infrared radiation sensor is also equipped with a temperature compensation module, which offsets the impact of ambient temperature changes on detection accuracy, enabling the infrared radiation sensor to operate stably in a working environment of -20 to 80℃, with measurement error controlled within ±5%.

[0033] The sprinkler system includes a water supply line and sprinkler heads. The sprinkler heads and infrared radiation sensors are spaced apart; preferably, this spacing is related to the conveyor belt speed. Typically, this spacing provides the sprinkler heads with a 15-20 second adjustment response time, preventing over- or under-spraying due to detection lag. It also facilitates maintenance personnel performing inspections and routine maintenance without shutting down the system. The control valves on the water supply line are solenoid valves, and these valves have both manual and electric control modes. This allows for both automated remote control and independent control during power outages, malfunctions, or maintenance, making it widely applicable. Preferably, the opening degree of the solenoid valves is controlled by the control system, enabling fine-tuning of the flow rate from 0% to 100%.

[0034] Preferably, spray heads are installed at the corresponding material drop points and / or transition drop points on the conveyor belt. In this way, by placing spray heads at the locations where dust generation is most severe, the spread of coal dust can be reduced at its source, resulting in a higher dust suppression effect.

[0035] Furthermore, cameras are installed at the corresponding material drop points and / or transition drop points. When dust is observed on-site, the control valve can be manually operated to activate the sprinkler heads at that location. Alternatively, dust sensors can be installed at the material drop points and / or transition drop points. These sensors are connected to the control system via signals, and the dust sensors feed back the collected dust concentration data to the control system. The control system then analyzes and judges the data before outputting a control signal. The control valve can then open or close the water supply circuit based on this signal.

[0036] In this embodiment, the spray head is a fan-shaped spray head, which has the advantages of wide spray coverage, uniform water mist, and good dust suppression effect. Specifically, the spray head can be made of 304 stainless steel, which has an IP66 protection rating and can work stably for a long time in harsh environments from -30 to 120°. The fan-shaped spray head can form a 120° wide-angle spray coverage. With an adjustable working pressure of 0.3 to 0.6 MPa, it can atomize water into fine water droplets of 80 to 120 μm, which are evenly sprayed onto the coal on the surface of the conveyor belt. This ensures that the water penetrates fully while preventing water accumulation that could cause belt slippage. Furthermore, the spray head is equipped with a removable filter screen inside, which can filter impurities in the water, prevent the spray head from being blocked, and ensure the spraying effect. When the filter screen needs to be replaced, cleaning can be completed simply by unscrewing the front cap. The filter screen is easy to install and remove, facilitating replacement and maintenance.

[0037] The sprinkler heads are connected to the water supply system via a separate water supply pipe equipped with a manual shut-off valve. This allows for easy disconnection of the water supply during maintenance, preventing disruption to the normal operation of other areas. In this embodiment, a DN25 PVC water supply pipe can be used.

[0038] Furthermore, when the conveyor belt is long, the moisture analyzer includes multiple infrared radiation sensors, which are spaced apart along the conveying direction to facilitate multiple moisture detections during coal transport. Correspondingly, the spraying system includes multiple spray heads, with one spray head placed between two adjacent infrared radiation sensors to cooperate with multiple infrared radiation sensors for spraying.

[0039] It should be noted that infrared radiation sensors are usually positioned at the head of the conveyor belt, or near the head of the conveyor belt, to facilitate early water spraying of coal with low moisture content, thereby suppressing dust at its source.

[0040] Preferably, the system also includes an audible and visual alarm device, which is controlled by the control system and issues an alarm. In this way, when the moisture content of the coal repeatedly exceeds the acceptable moisture threshold, the audible and visual alarm will alert staff, allowing for timely action.

[0041] In this embodiment, the control system includes a PLC installed in the control cabinet. The moisture analyzer in the moisture analysis system and the control valve in the spray system are connected to the PLC via control lines. The dust sensor is also connected to the PLC via a control line.

[0042] Furthermore, the control system also includes a host computer. The PLC is connected to the host computer via optical fiber. The PLC converts the detection data into digital signals and transmits them to the host computer, thereby realizing remote monitoring. The host computer is designed with a monitoring interface and a control interface. Based on the acquired moisture analysis data, the PLC is controlled through a preset program to automatically open and close the control valves in the sprinkler system, thus completing the automatic start and stop of the sprinkler system.

[0043] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the moisture analyzer inputs a feedback signal of the coal moisture content to the PLC. The switching of the control valve and the threshold adjustment are all achieved through the PLC's digital output. The data transmission between the PLC and the host computer can be carried out using existing technologies. In this embodiment, the data transmission adopts the industrial-grade Modbus protocol and achieves high-speed communication with the host computer through redundant fiber optic links. This ensures real-time uploading of monitoring data and reliable issuance of remote control commands, forming a closed-loop control system from detection and analysis to execution.

[0044] Example 2 like Figure 2As shown, this embodiment provides a method for dust suppression in coal conveying, which is executed by a coal conveyor belt spray suppression device as described in Embodiment 1, and includes an automatic dust suppression step: Step S1: Preset the moisture content threshold according to the type of coal being transported; Step S2: Obtain the moisture content of the coal; Step S3: Compare the moisture content with the acceptable moisture threshold. If the moisture content falls within the acceptable moisture threshold, the sprinkler system remains closed; If the moisture content is less than the acceptable moisture threshold, start the sprinkler system.

[0045] In this embodiment, the moisture content of the coal is collected and the spray flow rate is controlled according to the moisture content of the coal. This can effectively control the dust generated during coal transportation and avoid increasing the moisture content of the coal due to prolonged spraying, thus saving energy and water.

[0046] Specifically, the moisture content threshold parameters can be set in different tiers. For example, the moisture content threshold for bituminous coal is 8±0.5%, for anthracite it is 6±0.3%, and for lignite it is 12±0.8%. Furthermore, these moisture content thresholds can be remotely calibrated via a host computer.

[0047] Preferably, the control system has a threshold deviation early warning mechanism. When the detection value exceeds the moisture qualification threshold ±1% for three consecutive times, an audible and visual alarm is automatically triggered and the abnormal data is recorded, which facilitates timely intervention and adjustment by operation and maintenance personnel. This achieves effective dust suppression while balancing the relationship between dust suppression effect and coal transportation efficiency.

[0048] Furthermore, in step S3, if 98% * moisture content threshold < moisture content ≤ 99% * moisture content threshold, the sprinkler system sprays water intermittently; if moisture content ≤ 98% * moisture content threshold, the sprinkler system sprays water continuously.

[0049] In this way, precise water spraying for coal with different moisture contents can not only ensure dust suppression, but also avoid making the coal too wet due to continuous spraying, and save energy and water.

[0050] Specifically, the water spray volume of the sprinkler system is related to the conveyor belt speed. That is, the water spray volume can be dynamically adjusted based on the conveyor belt speed sensor to ensure that the moisture replenishment amount per unit area of ​​coal is precisely controlled within the range of 0.5% to 1.2%. In this embodiment, when the moisture content is lower than 1% of the acceptable moisture threshold (i.e., 98% * acceptable moisture threshold < moisture content ≤ 99% * acceptable moisture threshold), the interval between two water sprays in the sprinkler system is 30 seconds.

[0051] Preferably, it also includes a manual dust suppression step, in which the spray system is started and stopped manually according to the dust level.

[0052] When dust pollution is severe at a coal transportation site, for example, when the TSP (total suspended particulate matter) concentration in that area reaches 8.5 mg / m³, 3 It far exceeds the 2mg / m³ limit stipulated in the "Occupational Exposure Limits for Hazardous Factors in the Workplace". 3 During coal transfer, a large amount of dust is generated due to the impact of the drop. In particular, when the wind speed at the material drop point reaches 4.2 m / s, coal dust particles are carried and dispersed by the high-speed airflow. The dust situation can be observed directly by cameras or on-site personnel. When dust suppression is required, operators can choose to manually operate the system to directly open the solenoid valve at the corresponding location for spray dust suppression. In this way, in the event of sudden dust, electrical control failure, or power outage, the spray system can be manually activated to provide emergency dust suppression.

[0053] Of course, when dust sensors are installed on site, a dust threshold can be preset in the PLC of the control system, and combined with the moisture qualification threshold, automatic spraying can be achieved. Preferably, when wind speed monitoring equipment is also installed on site, the wind speed monitoring equipment is connected to the PLC via a signal to provide real-time feedback on wind speed. A wind speed threshold is preset in the PLC, and automatic spraying is achieved by combining the wind speed threshold, dust threshold, and moisture qualification threshold.

[0054] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0055] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0056] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0057] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0058] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0059] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dust suppression spraying device for a coal conveyor belt, characterized in that, It includes a moisture analysis system, a spraying system, and a control system. The moisture analysis system and the spraying system are both installed above the conveyor belt of the coal conveying belt, and the moisture analysis system and the spraying system are spaced apart along the coal conveying direction. The moisture analysis system is connected to the control system by signal and is used to provide feedback on the moisture content of the coal. The spraying system is connected to the control system by signal and is used to execute the spraying action.

2. The dust suppression spraying device for a coal conveyor belt according to claim 1, characterized in that, The moisture analysis system includes a moisture analyzer, which is located above the middle of the conveyor belt. The moisture analyzer includes an infrared radiation sensor. The spray system includes a water supply path and spray heads. The water supply path is located outside the conveyor belt and is equipped with a control valve. The control valve is controlled by the control system. The infrared radiation sensor and the spray heads are spaced apart along the transmission direction.

3. The dust suppression spraying device for a coal conveyor belt according to claim 2, characterized in that, The control valve is a solenoid valve, and the control valve has a manual mode and an electronic control mode.

4. The dust suppression spraying device for a coal conveyor belt according to claim 2, characterized in that, The distance between the moisture analyzer and the conveyor belt is 450-550 mm.

5. The dust suppression spraying device for a coal conveyor belt according to claim 2, characterized in that, Spray heads are installed at the corresponding drop points and / or transition drop points on the conveyor belt.

6. The dust suppression spraying device for a coal conveyor belt according to claim 5, characterized in that, The spray head is a fan-shaped spray head, and a removable filter screen is installed inside the spray head.

7. A dust suppression spraying device for a coal conveyor belt according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, It also includes an audible and visual alarm device, which is connected to and controlled by the control system, and issues an alarm by the audible and visual alarm device.

8. A method for dust suppression during coal conveying, characterized in that, The dust suppression device for a coal conveyor belt as described in any one of claims 1-7 is used, including an automatic dust suppression mode, and the steps are as follows: Step S1: Preset the moisture content threshold according to the type of coal being transported; Step S2: Obtain the moisture content of the coal; Step S3: Compare the moisture content with the acceptable moisture threshold. If the moisture content exceeds the acceptable moisture threshold, the sprinkler system should remain shut off. If the moisture content is less than the acceptable moisture threshold, start the sprinkler system.

9. The method for suppressing dust during coal conveying according to claim 8, characterized in that, In step S3, if 98% * moisture content threshold < moisture content ≤ 99% * moisture content threshold, the sprinkler system sprays water intermittently; if moisture content ≤ 98% * moisture content threshold, the sprinkler system sprays water continuously.

10. The method for suppressing dust during coal conveying according to claim 8, characterized in that, It also includes a manual dust suppression mode, which allows users to manually start and stop the spray system based on dust conditions.

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