Balanced heavy-duty forklift truck structure with anti-bumping function

Abstract

The application relates to a technical field of forklifts, and particularly discloses a balanced heavy forklift structure with an anti-bumping function, which is characterized in that an elastic sheet is arranged between the support bridge frame and the left mounting block, the upper end of the elastic sheet is provided with a pressing plate, and the upper end surface of the pressing plate is provided with a sliding first sliding rod. When the forklift runs on a bumping road, the road impact on the support bridge frame is first preliminarily absorbed by the elastic sheet, the pressing plate and the first sliding rod are matched to further decompose and inhibit the vibration, the direct conduction of the bumping impact from the support bridge frame to the mounting shell and the upper goods is effectively blocked, meanwhile, one end of a support connecting rod is rotationally connected with the support bridge frame, the other end is connected with a first sliding block in the mounting shell, a damping sliding rod and a pressure relief cylinder pump are respectively arranged on the upper end surface of the support connecting rod, a multi-path vibration conduction and buffer system is formed, and the problem of the direct conduction of the bumping impact between the support bridge frame and the vehicle body caused by the rigid connection is fundamentally solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of forklift technology, and in particular to a balanced heavy-duty forklift structure with anti-bump function. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of modern logistics and warehousing industries, heavy-duty forklifts are increasingly widely used in ports, large factories, construction sites, and other scenarios. In actual operation, heavy-duty forklifts often need to travel and operate on uneven road conditions. The impact of road bumps and shocks is directly transmitted to the goods and operators through the vehicle structure, seriously affecting operational safety and the integrity of the goods.

[0003] However, existing heavy-duty forklifts have several shortcomings in their chassis structure design. First, the support bridge and the vehicle body mounting shell are mostly rigidly connected, lacking an effective elastic buffer transition structure between the two. When the forklift travels on bumpy roads or bears heavy loads, the impact force from the road surface is directly transmitted to the main body of the vehicle and the load on top through the support bridge, causing the vehicle to shake violently, reducing the stability of the load, and accelerating fatigue wear of the vehicle body structure over long-term use, thus affecting the overall service life of the forklift.

[0004] Secondly, the existing shock absorption systems of forklifts are relatively simple in structure, usually using only a single level of springs or rubber pads for damping, which can only provide limited buffering for vibrations within a specific frequency and amplitude range. When the forklift is simultaneously subjected to high-frequency, small-amplitude vibrations from the road surface and low-frequency, large-amplitude impacts caused by load changes, a single shock absorption structure cannot simultaneously ensure sensitive response and sufficient load-bearing capacity, resulting in unsatisfactory shock absorption performance.

[0005] Furthermore, the shock absorption parameters of existing forklifts are usually fixed, and the buffering force cannot be adaptively adjusted according to the actual impact intensity. Under different operating conditions such as no-load and full-load, smooth road surface and rough road surface, the fixed parameter shock absorption structure is difficult to adapt flexibly, which limits the applicability and operational stability of forklifts in complex and variable working conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a balanced heavy-duty forklift structure with anti-bump function to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a balanced heavy-duty forklift structure with anti-bump function, including a mounting housing, wherein a fork assembly is rotatably mounted on the left side of the mounting housing; A left mounting block is fixedly installed at the left end of the mounting housing, and a support bridge is provided below the left mounting block; A support connecting rod is rotatably installed at the right end of the support bridge, and a first slider is rotatably installed at the other end of the support connecting rod. A shock-absorbing slide rod and a pressure-reducing oil cylinder pump are respectively installed on the upper end face of the support connecting rod. An elastic sheet is installed between the supporting bridge and the left mounting block. A pressing plate is provided at the upper end of the elastic sheet, and a sliding first sliding rod is provided on the upper end surface of the pressing plate.

[0008] Preferably, a V-shaped limiting rod is rotatably installed between the right end face of the support bridge and the inner upper end face of the mounting housing; an adjusting pump is rotatably installed on the front and rear sides of the upper part of the mounting housing; a telescopic assembly is rotatably installed on the telescopic rod of the adjusting pump; a movable assembly is fixedly installed on the left end of the telescopic assembly; and a fork assembly is slidably installed on the left end of the movable assembly.

[0009] Preferably, rear wheels are rotatably mounted on both the front and rear ends of the right side of the mounting housing, a first telescopic pump is fixedly mounted at the center of the upper end face of the left mounting block, a first mounting plate is fixedly mounted on the circumferential surface of the telescopic rod of the first telescopic pump, and a first sliding rod is fixedly mounted downwards on both the front and rear ends of the first mounting plate, with the lower end of the first sliding rod extending into the interior of the left mounting block.

[0010] Preferably, an arc-shaped notch rod is slidably installed on the outer side of the lower end of the first sliding rod. A pressing plate is fixedly installed on the lower end of the arc-shaped notch rod. A first spring is fixedly installed on the upper end of the pressing plate and inside the arc-shaped notch rod. The upper end of the first spring is fixedly connected to the lower end of the first sliding rod. A telescopic tube is fixedly installed on the upper end of the arc-shaped notch rod. One end of the telescopic tube is slidably installed inside the cavity groove. The cavity groove is opened inside the left mounting block. A first fixing block is fixedly installed on the lower end of the pressing plate.

[0011] Preferably, a second spring is fixedly installed on both ends of the first fixing block, and a U-shaped mounting rod is provided on the outer side of both the second spring and the first fixing block. A first sliding groove is opened on the upper end of the U-shaped mounting rod, and the second spring and the first fixing block are installed inside the first sliding groove. An elastic sheet is installed from one end to the other end of the upper part of the U-shaped mounting rod, and a support bridge is installed through the lower part of the U-shaped mounting rod.

[0012] Preferably, a universal joint is rotatably installed on the right side of the support bridge, and wheel rims are fixedly installed at both the front and rear ends of the support bridge. Tires are fixedly installed on the outer sides of the multiple wheel rims. Symmetrical limiting telescopic rods are fixedly installed on both the left and right sides of the support bridge and the left mounting block near the corners.

[0013] Preferably, a first sliding ring is slidably installed on the outer middle part of the limiting telescopic rod, a first limiting ring is threadedly installed on the limiting telescopic rod near the top, a first soft spring is fixedly installed between the upper end face of the first sliding ring and the upper end of the limiting telescopic rod, and a first hard spring is fixedly installed between the lower end face of the first sliding ring and the lower end of the limiting telescopic rod.

[0014] Preferably, a cavity slide bar is fixedly installed on both sides of the inner side of the mounting housing, a first slider is slidably installed inside the cavity slide bar, a shock absorber is fixedly installed between one end of the first slider and the right end face of the inner side of the cavity slide bar, and an auxiliary pressure reducing component is fixedly installed on the left end face of the first slider extending to the outside of the cavity slide bar.

[0015] Preferably, a second sliding ring is slidably installed on the upper outer side of the shock-absorbing slide rod, a second limiting ring is threadedly rotatably installed on the upper outer side of the shock-absorbing slide rod, a second rigid spring is fixedly installed between the lower end face of the second sliding ring and the lower end of the shock-absorbing slide rod, and a second soft spring is fixedly installed between the upper end face of the second sliding ring and the upper end of the shock-absorbing slide rod.

[0016] Preferably, an oil storage tank is fixedly installed on the upper outer side of the pressure reducing cylinder pump, and oil delivery pipes of different lengths are fixedly installed in a fan-shaped pattern at equal intervals on the outer circumference of the pressure reducing cylinder pump. A sealing block is slidably installed at the lower end of the oil delivery pipe, and an auxiliary spring is fixedly installed between the lower end face of the sealing block and the inner ground of the oil delivery pipe.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. This invention constructs an elastic buffer transition structure between the support bridge and the vehicle body by setting an elastic sheet between the support bridge and the left mounting block, and cooperating with a pressing plate and a first sliding rod above the elastic sheet. When the forklift travels over bumpy roads, the road impact on the support bridge is initially absorbed by the elastic sheet. The pressing plate and the first sliding rod work together to further decompose and suppress the vibration, effectively blocking the direct transmission of bump impact from the support bridge to the mounting housing and the goods above. At the same time, one end of the support connecting rod is rotatably connected to the support bridge, and the other end is connected to the first slider inside the mounting housing. The shock-absorbing slide rod and the depressurization hydraulic pump are respectively installed on the upper end face of the support connecting rod, forming a multi-path vibration transmission and buffering system, fundamentally solving the problem of direct transmission of bump impact caused by the rigid connection between the support bridge and the vehicle body.

[0018] 2. This invention limits the movement range of the support bridge frame through a V-shaped limiting rod, preventing excessive offset during buffering; the first telescopic pump drives the first sliding rod to change the pre-compression of the first spring, allowing for flexible adjustment of the buffering force; the arc-shaped notch rod, in conjunction with the hydraulic damping movement of the telescopic tube, suppresses the movement of the pressure plate and prevents spring fatigue deformation; the second spring inside the U-shaped mounting rod buffers and offsets the impact of driving inertia, forming a double buffer with the elastic sheet. This structure, while solving the problem of direct transmission of bumpy impacts, achieves flexible adjustment of the buffering force and multi-level gradient vibration reduction. Adjusting the height of the first sliding rod can adapt to the vibration reduction requirements of different load weights, making it suitable for various working conditions. It can reduce the vibration amplitude of the forklift mounting housing and the cargo, extend the life of structural components, improve the stability of cargo transportation, and reduce the risk of cargo damage.

[0019] 3. This invention achieves graded buffering by using a first soft spring and a first hard spring on the limiting telescopic rod. Small vibrations are absorbed by the first soft spring, while large impacts are further compressed by the first hard spring. Rotating the first limiting ring adjusts the preload to adapt to different road conditions and loads. The damping slide rod, in conjunction with a second soft spring, a second hard spring, and a second limiting ring, forms a secondary buffer with the damping rod and auxiliary pressure-reducing components on the supporting connecting rod. During small-amplitude, high-frequency vibrations, the deformation of the soft spring alone can quickly absorb the impact. During large impacts, the soft spring is compressed to its limit, and the hard spring is subsequently stressed. The two types of springs work together to absorb the impact energy. This design enables the damping system to balance the sensitive response to high-frequency, small-amplitude vibrations with the effective bearing capacity of low-frequency, large-amplitude impacts, solving the problem that single-stage damping structures cannot comprehensively cope with vibrations of different intensities.

[0020] 4. This invention constructs an adaptive hydraulic shock absorption system by using a pressure-reducing hydraulic cylinder pump in conjunction with an oil storage tank and oil pipes of varying lengths. The greater the impact force, the higher the internal oil pressure, and the more and higher the oil pipes are opened, increasing the oil discharge volume. This adaptively matches the impact force and adjusts the buffering force. The universal joint at the right end of the support bridge can adaptively adjust the tilt angle to ensure that the tires are always in contact with the ground. The shock-absorbing rods and auxiliary pressure-reducing components in the cavity slide bar, together with the support connecting rod, form a secondary buffering energy absorption. The above structure, combined with the aforementioned multi-stage buffering system, enables the entire shock absorption system to automatically adjust its buffering performance according to actual working conditions. This solves the problem that fixed-parameter shock absorption structures cannot adapt to complex and variable working conditions, improving the driving stability and operational safety of heavy forklifts under different loads and road conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the main body of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the mounting housing and fork assembly of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the mounting housing, tire, and cable tray of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the mounting housing and tire of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the mounting housing and universal joint of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of the V-shaped limiting rod of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of the cavity slide bar of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a structural diagram of the shock-absorbing slide bar and the pressure-reducing cylinder pump of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a structural diagram of the left mounting block and wheel rim of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a structural diagram of the U-shaped mounting rod and elastic sheet of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a structural diagram of the U-shaped mounting rod of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a structural diagram of the left mounting block and supporting cable tray of the present invention; Figure 13 This is a structural diagram of the limiting telescopic rod of the present invention.

[0023] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Mounting housing; 2. Rear travel wheel; 3. Left mounting block; 301. First telescopic pump; 302. First mounting plate; 303. First sliding rod; 304. Arc-shaped notch rod; 305. First spring; 306. Pressing plate; 308. Telescopic tube; 309. Cavity groove; 310. Elastic sheet; 311. U-shaped mounting rod; 312. First sliding groove; 313. First fixing block; 314. Second spring; 4. Limiting telescopic rod; 401. First sliding ring; 402. First limiting ring; 403. First soft spring; 404. First hard spring; 5. Support bridge; 6. Wheel rim; 7. Tire; 8. Cavity sliding rod; 9. First slider; 10. Shock absorber rod; 11. Auxiliary pressure reducing component; 12. Support connecting rod; 13. Shock absorber slide rod; 14. Second sliding ring; 15. Second limiting ring; 16. Second soft spring; 17. Second hard spring; 18. Pressure reducing cylinder pump; 19. Oil storage tank; 20. Oil delivery pipe; 21. V-shaped limiting rod; 22. Universal joint; 23. Adjusting pump; 24. Telescopic assembly; 25. Moving assembly; 26. Fork assembly. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] Please see Figures 1 to 13 The present invention provides a technical solution: A balanced heavy-duty forklift structure with anti-bump function includes a mounting housing 1. Adjusting pumps 23 are rotatably mounted on both the front and rear sides of the upper part of the mounting housing 1. A telescopic assembly 24 is rotatably mounted on the telescopic rod of the adjusting pumps 23 (the telescopic assembly 24 can slide up and down during operation to raise the height of the goods). A movable assembly 25 is fixedly mounted on the left end of the telescopic assembly 24. A symmetrical fork assembly 26 is slidably mounted on the left side of the movable assembly 25. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown. It should be noted that the lower right side of the telescopic assembly 24 is rotatably connected to the left side of the subsequent support bridge 5.

[0026] The movable assembly 25 primarily allows the fork assembly 26 to move back and forth. This enables flexible adjustment of the lateral position of the fork assembly 26 during operation, based on the placement of the goods. Then, the regulating pump 23 is activated to adjust the tilt angles of the telescopic assembly 24, the movable assembly 25, and the fork assembly 26. After the fork assembly 26 contacts the bottom plate of the goods, it resets. The telescopic assembly 24 is then activated, allowing it to move the movable assembly 25 and the fork assembly 26 vertically to adjust to a suitable height for transport operations. Two rear wheels 2 are rotatably mounted on the right end of the housing 1 for movement within the overall structure.

[0027] A left mounting block 3 is fixedly installed on the left end of the housing 1. The lower end face of the left mounting block 3 is hollow. A first telescopic pump 301 is fixedly installed at the top center of the left mounting block 3. A first mounting plate 302 is fixedly installed on the telescopic rod of the first telescopic pump 301. A first sliding rod 303 is fixedly installed on the lower part of both ends of the first mounting plate 302. The lower end of the first sliding rod 303 extends into the interior of the left mounting block 3, and an arc-shaped notched rod 304 is slidably installed on the outer side of the lower end. Figure 10 As shown. A pressing plate 306 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the two arc-shaped notch rods 304. A first spring 305 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the pressing plate 306 and inside the arc-shaped notch rods 304. The top of the first spring 305 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the first sliding rod 303.

[0028] Therefore, during the operation, the first telescopic pump 301 can be started according to the actual situation on site, pushing the first mounting plate 302 and the first sliding rod 303 to move up and down along the cavity of the left mounting block 3. This allows the lower end of the first sliding rod 303 to change the length of the first spring 305. After the length is changed, the path of the subsequent vertical movement of the structure will change, thereby changing the jumping of the overall structure.

[0029] A telescopic tube 308 is fixedly installed on the top of the arc-shaped notch rod 304. One end of the telescopic tube 308 is slidably installed inside the cavity groove 309. The cavity groove 309 is located in the upper inner layer of the left mounting block 3. The cavity groove 309 is filled with hydraulic oil. Thus, as the arc-shaped notch rod 304 slides up and down along the first sliding rod 303, it pushes the telescopic tube 308 to move. One end of the telescopic tube 308 slides inside the cavity groove 309. During the sliding process, the hydraulic oil inside the cavity groove 309 will push the telescopic tube 308. One end is obstructed, thereby buffering the sliding action of the arc-shaped notch bar 304, suppressing the surging of the arc-shaped notch bar 304 when the pressure plate 306 is subjected to force fluctuations, further absorbing the impact load on the structure, avoiding fatigue deformation of the first spring 305 due to long-term high-frequency impact, and extending the overall service life of the structure. When the pressure plate 306 is adjusted to the specified working height, the damping effect of the hydraulic oil inside the cavity groove 309 can make the arc-shaped notch bar 304 quickly maintain stability and not continue to shake due to the remaining impact force, ensuring the stability of the pressing auxiliary support.

[0030] An elastic sheet 310 is fixedly installed inside the left mounting block 3. A U-shaped mounting rod 311 is nested on the outside of the elastic sheet 310. The lower opening of the U-shaped mounting rod 311 is in a closed state. Figure 11 As shown, this allows the elastic sheet 310, the support bridge 5, and the U-shaped mounting rod 311 to form a single unit, as... Figure 9 As shown, the lower end of the elastic sheet 310 and the upper end face of the support bridge 5 are in a close fit. Furthermore, a first groove 312 is provided on the top of the U-shaped mounting rod 311. A first fixing block 313 is fixedly installed at the center of the first groove 312. A second spring 314 is fixedly installed between the two end faces of the first fixing block 313 and the two inner sides of the first groove 312.

[0031] Therefore, during the operation, when the support cable tray 5 vibrates slightly upward due to the impact of subsequent bumps, the support cable tray 5 will squeeze the elastic sheet 310 that is in contact with it. The elastic sheet 310 is compressed and deformed, which drives the U-shaped mounting rod 311 to move upward as a whole. At this time, the bump vibration generated by the U-shaped mounting rod 311 will be transmitted to the pressing plate 306 mentioned above. Through the cooperation of the above structure, the bump vibration is eliminated.

[0032] Secondly, during driving, the device as a whole will generate forward inertia. Under the action of braking, the inertia will cause the vehicle to move forward. As a result, the second spring 314 inside the first groove 312 at the top of the U-shaped mounting rod 311 will be stretched and compressed, further buffering and offsetting the impact force of inertia.

[0033] When the support bridge 5 is displaced and reset, the second spring 314 elastically resets, and the elastic plate 310 rebounds synchronously, which can quickly release the remaining impact force and further absorb the bump load transmitted by the support bridge 5. Together with the hydraulic buffer structure in the cavity groove 309, a double buffer is formed, which improves the overall shock absorption effect of the structure and avoids the installation shell 1 and the upper cargo from being affected by bumps. The elastic plate 310 itself has the elastic deformation capability and can automatically reset after buffering without additional power input. The structural design is simple and reliable, which reduces the cost of later maintenance of the device.

[0034] Symmetrical limiting telescopic rods 4 are fixedly installed on both sides of the left mounting block 3 and the supporting bridge 5. A first sliding ring 401 is slidably installed on the outer side of the limiting telescopic rod 4, and a first limiting ring 402 is threadedly installed on the upper outer circumferential surface of the limiting telescopic rod 4 (the height of the first limiting ring 402 can be manually adjusted according to the working conditions). Furthermore, a first rigid spring 404 is fixedly installed between the lower end face of the first sliding ring 401 and the lower end of the telescopic shaft of the limiting telescopic rod 4, and a first soft spring 403 is fixedly installed between the upper end face and the upper outer shell of the limiting telescopic rod 4. Figure 12 and Figure 13 As shown.

[0035] Therefore, during use, when the device as a whole experiences up-and-down movement during travel or operation, the telescopic shaft of the limiting telescopic rod 4 slides relative to the outer cylinder, causing the first sliding ring 401 to move synchronously.

[0036] When the first sliding ring 401 shifts upward, it compresses the upper first soft spring 403. After the first soft spring 403 is fully compressed, the first sliding ring 401, under the action of the first limiting ring 402, continues to compress the first hard spring 404. The two sets of springs inside the limiting telescopic rods 4 on both sides are compressed, which can quickly offset the lateral bump impact force. Combined with the above-mentioned buffer structure, it forms an all-directional shock absorption buffer, further suppressing the overall bumping and shaking of the forklift and improving the stability during driving and operation. When it is necessary to adjust the buffer force according to the working conditions, the first limiting ring 402 can be rotated to adjust its height on the limiting telescopic rod 4, changing the initial preload of the first soft spring 403, thereby adapting to the buffer requirements under different road conditions and different loads, making it more adaptable.

[0037] A universal joint 22 is rotatably mounted on the right end of the supporting bridge 5, and wheel rims 6 are rotatably mounted on both the front and rear ends. A tire 7 is nested on the outer side of the wheel rim 6. Figure 9 and Figure 1 As shown.

[0038] Therefore, during use, when the forklift turns or passes through uneven road surfaces, the support bridge 5 can adaptively adjust the tilt angle through the universal joint 22 at the right end, causing the wheel rim 6 and tire 7 to deflect synchronously with the road surface posture, ensuring that the tire 7 is always in full contact with the ground, avoiding loss of grip due to one side of the tire 7 being suspended in the air, and improving the driving stability and grip of the heavy forklift in complex road conditions.

[0039] When the forklift is carrying heavy loads and bumping up and down, the support bridge 5 can work with the multi-stage buffer and shock absorption structure installed between the left mounting block 3 and the support bridge 5 to gradually decompose and offset the impact force transmitted from the road surface, avoiding the impact force from being directly transmitted to the forklift body and the load. This can reduce fatigue wear of the body parts and prevent the load from shifting and colliding due to severe bumps, thus ensuring operational safety.

[0040] A symmetrical V-shaped limiting rod 21 is rotatably mounted on the right end of the supporting cable tray 5. The other end of the V-shaped limiting rod 21 is rotatably mounted on the upper inner surface of the mounting housing 1. Figure 6 As shown, it is used to limit the movement of the support cable tray 5 to prevent deviation.

[0041] A cavity slide bar 8 is fixedly installed on the front and rear sides of the housing 1. A first slider 9 is slidably installed inside the cavity slide bar 8. A shock absorber 10 is fixedly installed between the left end face of the first slider 9 and the right end face of the cavity slide bar 8. An auxiliary pressure reducing component 11 is fixedly installed from the right end of the first slider 9 to the outside of the cavity slide bar 8. (The auxiliary pressure reducing component 11 is a round rod, one end of which is fixedly connected to the right end of the first slider 9, and the other end extends to the outside of the cavity slide bar 8. An elastic spring for buffering is fixedly installed between the outer end and the outer right end of the cavity slide bar 8.) A support connecting rod 12 is rotatably installed on the outside of the first slider 9. The other end of the support connecting rod 12 is rotatably connected to the outer side of the support bridge 5.

[0042] Therefore, during operation, the support bridge 5 will be impacted by road bumps, which will cause the outer rotating support connecting rod 12 to move synchronously. The other end of the support connecting rod 12 pushes the first slider 9 to slide along the groove direction inside the cavity groove rod 8. At this time, the first slider 9 first squeezes the shock absorber rod 10 on the left side, and absorbs the first round of impact force by using the damping effect of the shock absorber rod 10. The remaining unabsorbed impact force is transmitted to the auxiliary pressure reducing component 11 through the first slider 9, which pushes the auxiliary pressure reducing component 11 to be stretched or compressed, and works with the shock absorber rod 10 to buffer, completing the secondary buffering and energy absorption, effectively weakening the vibration load transmitted to the mounting housing 1 and the forklift body.

[0043] When the impact force of the bump is small and the duration is short, the deformation of the outer elastic spring alone can offset the impact force. At this time, the shock absorber 10 will not generate excessive compression, and the overall buffer response speed is faster, which can adapt to the driving conditions of high frequency and small bumps. When the impact force of the bump is large, the shock absorber 10 and the elastic spring share the force. It can absorb the impact energy through large deformation and limit the sway of the support bridge 5 through the damping of the shock absorber 10, so as to avoid excessive offset of the support structure and cause vehicle body instability, and further improve the buffer adaptability of the overall structure.

[0044] like Figure 7 As shown, a shock-absorbing slide rod 13 is rotatably mounted on the left side of the upper end face of the supporting connecting rod 12. A second sliding ring 14 is slidably mounted on the upper outer side of the shock-absorbing slide rod 13, and a second limiting ring 15 is threadedly rotated above the second sliding ring 14. A second rigid spring 17 is fixedly mounted between the lower end face of the second sliding ring 14 and the lower end of the telescopic shaft of the shock-absorbing slide rod 13. A second soft spring 16 is fixedly mounted between the upper end face and the upper outer shell of the shock-absorbing slide rod 13. Figure 8 As shown.

[0045] Secondly, a pressure-reducing cylinder pump 18 is rotatably mounted on the outer side of the support connecting rod 12. An oil storage tank 19 is fixedly mounted on the outer side of the upper end of the pressure-reducing cylinder pump 18, and oil delivery pipes 20 of different heights are fixedly mounted in a fan shape on the outer circumference. A sealing block is slidably mounted on the lower end of the oil delivery pipe 20. A soft spring is fixedly mounted between the lower end face of the sealing block and the lower end face of the oil delivery pipe 20. The hydraulic oil will push the sealing block to slide, and the sealing block will push the soft spring to change its length, so that the hydraulic oil inside the upper end of the pressure-reducing cylinder pump 18 can enter the lower half of the upper end.

[0046] Therefore, through the above structure, when the support bridge 5 vibrates and bumps during use, the support connecting rod 12 will move synchronously, and the support connecting rod 12 will drive the shock-absorbing slide rod 13 to move. At this time, the second sliding ring 14 on the shock-absorbing slide rod 13 will slide, but the sliding path will be restricted by the second limiting ring 15. However, when the second sliding ring 14 moves, the second soft spring 16 and the second hard spring 17 will be compressed and stretched, thereby performing shock absorption and anti-bumping operation. Secondly, the telescopic shaft of the pressure reducing cylinder pump 18 will slide, thereby allowing the internal hydraulic oil to be adjusted back and forth, in conjunction with the oil pipes 20 of different lengths and the oil storage tank 19.

[0047] Therefore, by grading and buffering, impact energy of different intensities can be absorbed, achieving an adaptive shock absorption and anti-bump effect: when the support bridge 5 generates small-amplitude high-frequency vibration, the vibration will only cause the shock absorber slide 13 to move slightly. At this time, only the second soft spring 16 deforms and compresses, which can quickly absorb small-amplitude vibration. The buffer response is highly sensitive and suitable for high-frequency small-amplitude bumpy conditions when driving on a smooth road.

[0048] When the support bridge 5 is subjected to a large impact from uneven road surface, the shock absorber slide bar 13 is displaced significantly. After the second soft spring 16 is compressed to its limit, the second hard spring 17 is deformed by force. The two springs work together to absorb the impact energy, improve the overall buffer load capacity, and prevent the impact from being directly transmitted to the forklift body.

[0049] At the same time, during the impact, the telescopic shaft of the pressure-reducing cylinder pump 18 slides under pressure, causing the internal oil pressure to rise. The oil pressure pushes the sealing block in the corresponding height oil pipe 20 to overcome the resistance of the soft spring and slide downward, opening the hydraulic oil passage. The high-pressure oil is discharged into the oil storage tank 19 through the oil pipe 20, and the impact energy is consumed by the hydraulic damping effect, further weakening the vibration amplitude.

[0050] The greater the impact force, the higher the internal oil pressure, and the more and higher the oil supply pipes 20 will be opened, thus increasing the oil discharge volume. This allows for adaptive matching of the impact force to adjust the buffering force, significantly improving the overall stability of the heavy forklift during driving and forking operations, and reducing the adverse effects of bumps and vibrations on goods, vehicle structure, and operators.

[0051] It should be noted that the top diameter of the pressure reducing cylinder pump 18 is the same as the inner diameter of the upper part, and irregular oil delivery holes are opened from the upper end face to the lower end face to allow the hydraulic oil to reset.

[0052] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A balanced heavy-duty forklift structure with anti-bump function, comprising a mounting housing (1), characterized in that: The fork assembly (26) is rotatably mounted on the left side of the mounting housing (1). A left mounting block (3) is fixedly installed on the left end of the mounting housing (1), and a support bridge (5) is provided below the left mounting block (3). The right end of the support bridge (5) is rotatably equipped with a support connecting rod (12), the other end of the support connecting rod (12) is rotatably equipped with a first slider (9), and the upper end face of the support connecting rod (12) is respectively equipped with a shock-absorbing slide rod (13) and a pressure-reducing oil cylinder pump (18). An elastic sheet (310) is installed between the support bridge (5) and the left mounting block (3). A pressing plate (306) is provided at the upper end of the elastic sheet (310), and a sliding first sliding rod (303) is provided on the upper surface of the pressing plate (306).

2. The balanced heavy-duty forklift structure with anti-bump function according to claim 1, characterized in that: A V-shaped limiting rod (21) is rotatably installed between the right end face of the support bridge (5) and the inner upper end face of the mounting housing (1). An adjusting pump (23) is rotatably installed on the front and rear sides of the upper part of the mounting housing (1). A telescopic assembly (24) is rotatably installed on the telescopic rod of the adjusting pump (23). A moving assembly (25) is fixedly installed on the left end of the telescopic assembly (24). A fork assembly (26) is slidably installed on the left end of the moving assembly (25).

3. The balanced heavy-duty forklift structure with anti-bump function according to claim 2, characterized in that: The right side of the mounting housing (1) is rotatably mounted with rear wheels (2). The center of the upper end face of the left mounting block (3) is fixedly mounted with a first telescopic pump (301). The telescopic rod of the first telescopic pump (301) is fixedly mounted with a first mounting plate (302). The front and rear ends of the first mounting plate (302) are fixedly mounted with a first sliding rod (303) downwards, and the lower end of the first sliding rod (303) extends into the interior of the left mounting block (3).

4. The balanced heavy-duty forklift structure with anti-bump function according to claim 3, characterized in that: An arc-shaped notch rod (304) is slidably installed on the outer side of the lower end of the first sliding rod (303). A pressing plate (306) is fixedly installed on the lower end of the arc-shaped notch rod (304). A first spring (305) is fixedly installed on the upper end of the pressing plate (306) and inside the arc-shaped notch rod (304). The lower end of the first sliding rod (303) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the first spring (305). A telescopic tube (308) is fixedly installed on the upper end of the arc-shaped notch rod (304). One end of the telescopic tube (308) is slidably installed inside the cavity groove (309). The cavity groove (309) is opened inside the left mounting block (3). A first fixing block (313) is fixedly installed on the lower end of the pressing plate (306).

5. The balanced heavy-duty forklift structure with anti-bump function according to claim 4, characterized in that: A second spring (314) is fixedly installed on both ends of the first fixing block (313). A U-shaped mounting rod (311) is provided on the outer side of the second spring (314) and the first fixing block (313). A first sliding groove (312) is opened on the upper end of the U-shaped mounting rod (311). The second spring (314) and the first fixing block (313) are installed inside the first sliding groove (312). An elastic sheet (310) is installed from one end to the other end of the upper part of the U-shaped mounting rod (311). A support bridge (5) is installed through the lower part of the U-shaped mounting rod (311).

6. The balanced heavy-duty forklift structure with anti-bump function according to claim 5, characterized in that: A universal joint (22) is rotatably installed on the right side of the support bridge (5). Wheel rims (6) are fixedly installed at both the front and rear ends of the support bridge (5). Tires (7) are fixedly installed on the outer side of the multiple wheel rims (6) at the front and rear ends. Symmetrical limit telescopic rods (4) are fixedly installed on the left and right sides of the support bridge (5) and the left mounting block (3) near the corner.

7. A balanced heavy-duty forklift structure with anti-bump function according to claim 6, characterized in that: A first sliding ring (401) is slidably installed on the middle of the outer side of the limiting telescopic rod (4). A first limiting ring (402) is threadedly installed on the limiting telescopic rod (4) near the top. A first soft spring (403) is fixedly installed between the upper end face of the first sliding ring (401) and the upper end of the limiting telescopic rod (4). A first hard spring (404) is fixedly installed between the lower end face of the first sliding ring (401) and the lower end of the limiting telescopic rod (4).

8. The balanced heavy-duty forklift structure with anti-bump function according to claim 1, characterized in that: A cavity slide bar (8) is fixedly installed on both sides of the inner side of the mounting housing (1). A first slider (9) is slidably installed inside the cavity slide bar (8). A shock absorber (10) is fixedly installed between one end of the first slider (9) and the right end face of the cavity slide bar (8). An auxiliary pressure reducing component (11) is fixedly installed on the left end face of the first slider (9) extending to the outside of the cavity slide bar (8).

9. The balanced heavy-duty forklift structure with anti-bump function according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second sliding ring (14) is slidably installed on the upper outer side of the shock-absorbing slide rod (13). A second limiting ring (15) is threadedly installed on the upper outer side of the shock-absorbing slide rod (13). A second rigid spring (17) is fixedly installed between the lower end face of the second sliding ring (14) and the lower end of the shock-absorbing slide rod (13). A second soft spring (16) is fixedly installed between the upper end face of the second sliding ring (14) and the upper end of the shock-absorbing slide rod (13).

10. A balanced heavy-duty forklift structure with anti-bump function according to claim 1, characterized in that: An oil storage tank (19) is fixedly installed on the upper outer side of the pressure reducing cylinder pump (18). Oil delivery pipes (20) of different lengths are fixedly installed in a fan-shaped pattern at equal intervals on the outer circumference of the pressure reducing cylinder pump (18). A sealing block is slidably installed at the lower end of the oil delivery pipe (20), and an auxiliary spring is fixedly installed between the lower end face of the sealing block and the inner ground of the oil delivery pipe (20).

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