Ammonia synthesis system using biomass and geothermal tidal energy

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of synthetic ammonia systems of biomass and geothermal tidal energy, including biomass supply unit, ammonia synthesis tower, mixed gas processing unit, geothermal unit and recovery unit.Biomass is mixed and handled after gasification and water-gas shift reaction with hydrogen obtained by geothermal and tidal energy electrolysis into synthetic ammonia tower.Multiple mixed gas separators are provided in the tower, separator is provided with synthetic gas guide pipe between plate, first gas through hole is opened in separator, one end of guide pipe is fixedly connected with plate, mixed gas collection hole is provided on connecting plate, which is communicated with gas concentration pipeline, the other end of gas concentration pipeline is communicated with guide pipe, and the end of guide pipe penetrates through bottom plate and is communicated with ammonia gas outlet.The present application realizes continuous and stable green hydrogen supply by deep synergy of geothermal, tidal and biomass energy, combined with efficient airflow organization in the tower, reduces the comprehensive energy consumption of synthetic ammonia by 35%-45%, nearly zero carbon emission, and improves energy utilization efficiency by 20%-30%.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of ammonia synthesis equipment technology, and more specifically to an ammonia synthesis system that utilizes biomass and geothermal tidal energy. Background Technology

[0002] Ammonia is an important chemical raw material, widely used in agriculture (as a nitrogen fertilizer feedstock) and industry (as a refrigerant and synthetic fiber feedstock). Currently, over 95% of global ammonia production is achieved through the traditional Haber process, which requires high temperatures (300-500℃) and high pressures (15-30MPa). Furthermore, the raw material hydrogen primarily comes from fossil fuels (such as natural gas reforming and coal gasification), resulting in extremely high energy consumption (approximately 30-35 GJ per ton of ammonia) and significant carbon dioxide emissions (approximately 1.8-2.0 tons of carbon emissions per ton of ammonia). To achieve low-carbon ammonia synthesis, existing technologies attempt to combine renewable energy with the ammonia synthesis process. For example, photovoltaic and wind power can be used to electrolyze water to produce green hydrogen, which is then combined with nitrogen to synthesize ammonia. However, photovoltaic and wind power are significantly affected by natural conditions, exhibiting intermittency and instability, leading to large fluctuations in green hydrogen supply and making it difficult to meet the continuous and stable raw material requirements of the ammonia synthesis process. Meanwhile, biomass energy, as a recyclable carbon source, can have its gasification products used to produce hydrogen. However, existing biomass gasification processes consume large amounts of fossil fuels for heat, and the purification of gasification products is complex, resulting in significant pollutant emissions. This hinders deep integration with high-value-added ammonia synthesis processes. Problems include poor energy synergy, unstable green hydrogen supply, low biomass added value, high energy consumption and carbon emissions in ammonia synthesis, and low system integration and energy efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the shortcomings of existing ammonia synthesis systems, such as unstable energy supply, high energy consumption, low integration, and poor energy utilization, this paper proposes a biomass and geothermal tidal energy synthesis system that couples multiple energy sources, provides various raw materials for the ammonia synthesis process from multiple angles, maintains the stability of the ammonia synthesis process, and has excellent energy utilization and high integration.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is: a synthetic ammonia system utilizing biomass and geothermal tidal energy; comprising a biomass supply unit, ammonia synthesis unit, a mixed gas treatment unit, a geothermal unit, and a recovery unit; the biomass supply unit is connected to the mixed gas treatment unit; the biomass supply unit is equipped with a biomass supply assembly, a gasifier, and a water-gas shift reactor; the biomass supply assembly is connected to the gasifier, which is then connected to the water-gas shift reactor; the water-gas shift reactor is connected to the mixed gas treatment unit; the mixed gas treatment unit is then connected to the ammonia synthesis tower; multiple mixed gas partition plates are spaced apart inside the main body of the ammonia synthesis tower; multiple synthesis gas guides are spaced apart between the multiple mixed gas partition plates. The system consists of a syngas guide pipe that passes through a mixed gas partition plate. The partition plate has multiple first gas through-holes for the flow of hydrogen-nitrogen mixed gas. One end of the syngas guide pipe is fixed to a connecting plate. The connecting plate has only one mixed gas collection hole, which is not connected to the syngas guide pipe. The connecting plate is connected to a gas collection pipeline through the mixed gas collection hole. The other end of the gas collection pipeline is connected to the syngas guide pipe. The other end of the syngas guide pipe passes through and is fixed to a base plate, then passes through the base plate and connects to an ammonia outlet. The ammonia outlet is connected to a recovery unit. The geothermal unit is connected to both the biomass supply unit and the mixed gas treatment unit. The geothermal unit is connected to the gasifier and is used to supply steam to the gasifier.

[0005] Furthermore, the biomass supply unit includes a crusher, a dryer, a storage silo, a feeder, a gasifier, a dust removal device, and a water-gas shift reactor; the crusher is connected to the dryer; the dryer is connected to the storage silo; the storage silo is connected to the feeder; the gasifier is connected to the dust removal device; the dust removal device is connected to the water-gas shift reactor; the gasifier is connected to the fermentation well; the fermentation well is connected to the methane steam reforming reactor; and the outlet of the methane steam reforming reactor is connected to the outlet of the water-gas shift reactor.

[0006] Furthermore, it also includes a power generation unit; the power generation unit includes a tidal generator set, a geothermal ORC unit, a smart grid controller, and an electrolyzer; the tidal generator set and the geothermal ORC unit are set up separately and are simultaneously connected to the smart grid controller; the smart grid controller is electrically connected to the electrolyzer; the geothermal ORC unit is connected to the geothermal water reinjection pump; the geothermal water reinjection pump is connected to the geothermal unit.

[0007] Furthermore, the geothermal unit includes a geothermal well, a steam generator, and a heat exchanger; the geothermal well is connected to the steam generator; the steam generator is then connected to the heat exchanger; the geothermal well is then connected to the geothermal water reinjection pump and the dryer; the heat exchanger is connected to an external water source; the heat exchanger is connected to the evaporator and the dryer respectively; and the steam generator is connected to the gasifier and the methane steam reforming reactor respectively.

[0008] Furthermore, the mixed gas processing unit includes an air separation unit, a syngas compressor, a hydrogen buffer tank, and a PSA purification unit; the air separation unit is directly connected to the syngas compressor; the hydrogen buffer tank is directly connected to the syngas compressor; the water-gas shift reactor is connected to the PSA purification unit; the methane steam reforming reactor is connected to the PSA purification unit; the PSA purification unit is then connected to the hydrogen buffer tank; and the electrolyzer is directly connected to the hydrogen buffer tank.

[0009] Furthermore, the ammonia synthesis tower has a mixed gas inlet and an ammonia outlet at both ends of its main body; a sleeve is installed inside the main body; the sleeve is fixed to the inner wall of the main body and there is a gap between the sleeve and the inner wall of the main body; the mixed gas inlet communicates with the gap between the sleeve and the main body; a spiral guide plate is fixed on the outer wall of the sleeve; the two ends of the guide plate are fixed to the outer wall of the sleeve and the inner wall of the main body, respectively.

[0010] Furthermore, two syngas partition plates are spaced apart on the wall of the gas central pipeline; multiple second gas through holes for syngas flow are opened on the syngas partition plates; the second gas through holes are connected to the syngas guide pipe; and ammonia synthesis catalyst is filled between two adjacent syngas partition plates.

[0011] Furthermore, the recovery unit includes a waste heat boiler, a water-cooled separator, a chiller, and a liquid ammonia storage tank; the ammonia outlet is connected to the waste heat boiler, which is connected to an external water source; the waste heat boiler is connected to the geothermal ORC unit and the water-cooled separator; the water-cooled separator is circulated with the chiller; the chiller introduces cooling water into the water-cooled separator to reduce the temperature of the synthesized ammonia; this promotes the cooling and liquefaction of the ammonia, and the resulting liquid ammonia is stored in the liquid ammonia storage tank.

[0012] The ammonia synthesis system utilizing biomass and geothermal tidal energy described in this invention has the following advantages: 1) High efficiency in energy synergy, solving the intermittency problem of single energy sources: This invention achieves deep synergy between geothermal energy, tidal energy, and biomass energy by combining the cascade utilization of geothermal energy (high temperature for gasification, medium temperature for ORC power generation, and low temperature for drying) with the power generation and storage of tidal energy. The energy storage device of tidal energy effectively compensates for its intermittency, while the continuous power supply of geothermal energy ensures the stable operation of the system. The combination of the three improves the overall energy utilization efficiency by 20%-30% compared with existing single-energy utilization technologies. 2) Stable and continuous green hydrogen supply to meet the requirements of ammonia synthesis: This invention adopts a dual-path hydrogen production mode combining "tidal power generation + energy storage + water electrolysis for hydrogen production" and "biomass syngas for hydrogen production." The tidal energy storage device and hydrogen buffer tank effectively regulate hydrogen production fluctuations, while biomass syngas for hydrogen production serves as a supplement, ensuring the continuity and stability of hydrogen supply. Calculations show that the fluctuation range of hydrogen supply can be controlled within ±5%, far lower than the ±15% fluctuation range of existing technologies, significantly improving ammonia synthesis efficiency. 3) High added value and significant environmental benefits of biomass resources: This invention deeply couples biomass gasification with ammonia synthesis. Biomass not only provides hydrogen as a raw material for ammonia synthesis, but its gasification process can also utilize geothermal and tidal energy for auxiliary power supply, significantly enhancing the economic value of biomass resources. Simultaneously, the syngas purification device employs tar catalytic cracking and high-efficiency desulfurization and dust removal processes, achieving a tar removal rate ≥98%, a desulfurization rate ≥99%, and a dust emission concentration ≤10mg / m³, effectively solving the pollution problems of existing biomass conversion processes and achieving clean production. 4) Low energy consumption and low carbon emissions in ammonia synthesis, achieving low-carbon production: This invention significantly reduces ammonia synthesis energy consumption through energy cascade utilization (multi-stage utilization of geothermal energy from high to low temperatures and efficient recovery of heat from biomass gasification) and a low-pressure ammonia synthesis process. Compared with the traditional Haber process, the overall energy consumption of ammonia synthesis in this system is reduced by 35%-45%; at the same time, the system uses renewable energy for power supply, and the CO2 generated by biomass gasification can be further recovered and utilized (such as for algae cultivation or geological storage), achieving near-zero carbon emissions in the ammonia synthesis process, meeting the "dual carbon" target requirements; 5) High degree of system integration and good economic efficiency: Through integrated design, this invention organically integrates various subsystems, reducing equipment redundancy and energy and material transfer losses. The overall investment cost of the system is reduced by 15%-20% compared with existing decentralized systems. At the same time, during system operation, designs such as geothermal energy reinjection and unreacted gas recycling further reduce operating costs and resource waste, and improve the system's economic efficiency and market competitiveness. 6) High adaptability and wide application range: This system can flexibly adjust the scale and operating parameters of each subsystem according to the biomass resource reserves, geothermal energy grade, and tidal energy resource characteristics of different regions. For example, in areas rich in biomass resources, the processing capacity of the biomass gasification device can be increased; in areas with superior tidal energy resources, the scale of tidal power generation and energy storage devices can be expanded; in areas rich in medium and high temperature geothermal energy, the cascade utilization scheme of geothermal energy can be optimized. It is suitable for various types of coastal and inland areas and has broad application prospects. Attached Figure Description

[0013] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the specific embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a synthetic ammonia system using biomass and geothermal tidal energy as described in this invention; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the ammonia synthesis tower of an ammonia synthesis system using biomass and geothermal tidal energy as described in this invention. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal components of a synthetic ammonia tower in a synthetic steel system utilizing biomass and geothermal tidal energy, as described in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0015] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0016] like Figures 1-3As shown, the present invention discloses a biomass and geothermal tidal energy-based ammonia synthesis system; comprising a biomass supply unit 1, an ammonia synthesis tower 3, a mixed gas treatment unit 4, a geothermal unit 5, and a recovery unit 6; the biomass supply unit 1 is connected to the mixed gas treatment unit 4; the biomass supply unit 1 is equipped with a biomass supply assembly, a gasifier 14, and a water-gas shift reactor 16; the biomass supply assembly is connected to the gasifier 14, and the gasifier 14 is further connected to the water-gas shift reactor 16; the water-gas shift reactor 16 is connected to the mixed gas treatment unit 4; the mixed gas treatment unit 4 is further connected to the ammonia synthesis tower 3; multiple mixed gas partition plates 34 are spaced apart inside the main body of the ammonia synthesis tower 3; multiple synthesis gas guide pipes 36 are spaced apart between the multiple mixed gas partition plates 34; the synthesis gas guide pipes 36 penetrate the mixed gas partition plates 34, and the mixed gas partition plates 34 have multiple first gas through holes 3 for the flow of hydrogen-nitrogen mixed gas. 41. One end of the syngas guide pipe 36 is fixed to the connecting plate 35; the connecting plate 35 is provided with only one mixed gas collection hole 351; the mixed gas collection hole 351 is not connected to the syngas guide pipe 36; the connecting plate 35 is connected to the gas collection pipe 38 through the mixed gas collection hole 351; two syngas partition plates 39 are provided at intervals on the pipe wall of the gas collection pipe 38; the syngas partition plates 39 are provided with multiple second gas through holes 391 for syngas flow; the second gas through holes 391 are connected to the syngas guide pipe 36; the other end of the syngas guide pipe 36 passes through and is fixed to the bottom plate 37 and passes through the bottom plate 37 to communicate with the ammonia outlet 39; the ammonia outlet 39 is connected to the recovery unit 6; the geothermal unit 5 is simultaneously connected to the biomass supply unit 1 and the mixed gas treatment unit 4; the geothermal unit 5 is connected to the gasifier 14 and is used to provide steam to the gasifier 14.

[0017] like Figure 1 As shown, the biomass supply unit 1 includes a crusher 10, a dryer 11, a storage silo 12, a feeder 13, a gasifier 14, a dust removal device 15, and a water-gas shift reactor 16. The crusher 10 is connected to the dryer 11; the dryer 11 is connected to the storage silo 12; the storage silo 12 is then connected to the feeder 13. After being crushed and dried, the biomass moisture content is reduced to below 15%, improving subsequent gasification efficiency, and then it is stored in the storage silo 12. It then enters the gasifier 14 via the feeder 13. In the gasifier 14, the dried and crushed biomass undergoes a gasification reaction with water vapor. C + H₂O → CO + H₂ A crude syngas is generated, containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide; the syngas also contains small amounts of methane and carbon dioxide produced by heating. The syngas containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide generated by gasification in the gasifier 14 enters the dust removal device 15 for purification; impurities in the syngas are removed. Specifically, the dust removal device 15 includes a tar catalytic cracking unit, a desulfurization unit, and a dust removal unit. The tar catalytic cracking unit uses a high-temperature catalyst, utilizing geothermal energy to provide the heat required for cracking tar and to remove residual tar from the crude syngas. The desulfurization unit uses zinc oxide desulfurizer to remove sulfide gases from the crude syngas. The dust removal unit uses a filtration device to remove impurities separated from the syngas. After filtration and purification by the dust removal device 15, clean syngas is obtained, with a hydrogen content of approximately 30-40%.

[0018] The dust removal device 15 is connected to the water-gas shift reactor 16; under the action of the catalyst in the water-gas shift reactor 16, carbon monoxide in the syngas reacts with water vapor as follows: CO + H2O → CO2 + H2 Carbon monoxide is converted into hydrogen to increase the hydrogen content entering the subsequent ammonia synthesis tower, thereby improving the ammonia synthesis efficiency. The steam required for the reaction in the water-gas shift reactor 16 is generated by heating pure water with waste heat from a geothermal heat exchanger. Furthermore, the gasifier 14 is connected to a fermentation well 17. The slag remaining after gasification in the gasifier 14 enters the fermentation well, where it is fermented with sludge to generate methane gas. The generated methane gas enters a methane steam reforming reactor 18, where the following reaction occurs: CH4 + H2O → CO + 3H2 A mixed gas of hydrogen and carbon monoxide is generated; the outlet of the methane steam reforming reactor 18 is connected to the outlet of the water-gas change reactor 16; the mixed gas containing hydrogen discharged from the methane steam reforming reactor 18 is mixed with the mixed gas containing hydrogen discharged from the water-gas change reactor 16; together they provide hydrogen for the subsequent ammonia synthesis tower and synthesize ammonia; the steam required for the same methane steam reforming reaction is generated by heating pure water with waste heat provided by the geothermal energy heat exchange device.

[0019] To effectively utilize the heat generated during system operation and further increase the volume of hydrogen supplied to the ammonia synthesis tower, the system preferably also includes a power generation unit 2. The power generation unit 2 includes a tidal generator set 21, a geothermal ORC unit 22, a smart grid controller 23, and an electrolyzer 25. The tidal generator set 21 and the geothermal ORC unit 22 are separately installed but simultaneously connected to the smart grid controller 23. The tidal generator set 21 converts tidal energy into electrical energy. The tidal power station is equipped with a bidirectional turbine and generator. During high tide, the tide drives the turbine to rotate forward, generating electricity; during low tide, the tide flows in the opposite direction, driving the turbine to rotate in the opposite direction, continuing to generate electricity, thus achieving continuous power generation during both high and low tide periods. The geothermal ORC unit 25... Unit 22 recovers heat from geothermal water and waste heat boiler water, and generates electricity through an ORC (Organic Rankine Cycle) generator set. The tidal power generator set and the geothermal ORC generator set together form a smart microgrid. Intelligent scheduling ensures that the intraday fluctuations (±30%) of tidal energy are compensated by stable geothermal power generation, ensuring continuous power supply. The smart grid controller 23 controls the power generation of the tidal power generator set 21 and the geothermal ORC generator set. It effectively distributes and stores the electrical energy generated by the units. For example, a portion is directly used for electrical equipment such as water electrolysis hydrogen production units and air separation units; another portion of excess electrical energy is stored in the battery bank. When tidal power generation is insufficient (such as during low tide) or when the power load increases, the battery bank releases electrical energy to ensure a stable power supply for the system. Meanwhile, the low-to-medium grade heat energy generated by the geothermal heat exchange device, if not utilized temporarily, can be stored in a heat energy storage tank and released for use when needed (such as when the load on the biomass drying process increases); intelligent control and adjustment of electrical energy is achieved; the intelligent grid controller 23 is electrically connected to the electrolytic cell 25; power is supplied to the electrolytic cell 25 through the intelligent grid controller 23; the electrolytic cell 25 adopts an alkaline electrolytic cell or a proton exchange membrane electrolytic cell, using pure water as raw material, and utilizes the electrical energy provided by the tidal power generation device and the energy stored in the battery pack to perform the water electrolysis reaction, generating hydrogen and oxygen (the oxygen is transported to the biomass gasification device as a gasifying agent). The operating temperature of the electrolytic cell is regulated by utilizing part of the waste heat boiler water (90-95℃), maintaining it at the optimal reaction temperature of 60-80℃ to improve electrolysis efficiency; hydrogen is produced by electrolyzing water through the electrolytic cell 25; and hydrogen is further provided to the ammonia synthesis tower to improve ammonia production efficiency.

[0020] The power generation unit 2 also includes a geothermal water reinjection pump 24; the geothermal water reinjection pump 24 is connected to the geothermal ORC unit 22; the liquid water discharged after power generation from the geothermal ORC unit 22 flows back to the geothermal unit 5 through the geothermal water reinjection pump 24, realizing the reheating of the liquid water and providing steam to the gasifier 14 and water-gas shift reactor 16 through the geothermal unit 5, thereby realizing the reaction of gas and steam to generate hydrogen; realizing the recycling of water and heat during system operation; the geothermal unit 5 includes a geothermal well 51, a steam generator 52 and a heat exchanger 53; the geothermal well 51 is connected to the steam generator 52; the steam generator 53... The generator 52 is connected to the heat exchanger 53; the geothermal well 51 is then connected to the geothermal water reinjection pump 24 and the dryer 11; the liquid water remaining after power generation, introduced through the geothermal water reinjection pump 24, and the liquid water discharged from the dryer 11, enter the geothermal well 51 for storage; the geothermal well 51 heats the liquid water to form high-temperature liquid water at 150-250°C; the generated high-temperature liquid water enters the steam generator 52 as a heat source; the high-temperature liquid water is cooled by heat exchange in the steam generator 52 and then enters the heat exchanger 53; wherein the heat exchanger 53 is connected to an external water source; inside the heat exchanger 53... The process involves exchanging heat between the high-temperature liquid water introduced from the steam generator 52 and an external water source; increasing the temperature of the external water source while decreasing the temperature of the high-temperature liquid water, for example, to 80-90°C; then returning the cooled high-temperature liquid water to the steam generator 52 as a cold source for heat exchange with the high-temperature liquid water directly introduced from the geothermal well 51; decreasing the temperature of the high-temperature liquid water directly introduced from the geothermal well 51 to 100-150°C, while simultaneously increasing the temperature of the high-temperature liquid water returning from the heat exchanger 53 to the steam generator 52; promoting its heat absorption and evaporation into water vapor; specifically, the steam generator 52 is connected to the gasification furnace 14 and the A... The methane steam reforming reactor 18 is connected to the gasifier 14 and the methane steam reforming reactor 18. The steam generated by heat exchange and evaporation in the steam generator 52 is introduced into the gasifier 14 and the methane steam reforming reactor 18 to provide steam for the corresponding reactions. Similarly, the external water source that has been heated by direct heat exchange in the heat exchanger 53 is discharged from the heat exchanger 53 and enters the geothermal ORC unit 22 as the hot water source for the geothermal ORC unit, promoting its operation and generating electricity. A portion of the high-temperature liquid water discharged from the heat exchanger 53, after heat exchange and with its temperature reduced to 80-90°C, enters the dryer 11 as the heat source for the dryer 11 to dry the biomass.

[0021] The gas outlets of the water-gas shift reactor 16 and the methane steam reforming reactor 18 are connected to the mixed gas processing unit 4; wherein, the mixed gas processing unit 4 includes an air separation unit 41, a syngas compressor 42, a hydrogen buffer tank 43, and a PSA purification unit 44; the air separation unit 41 is directly connected to the syngas compressor 42; the hydrogen buffer tank 43 is directly connected to the syngas compressor 42; specifically, the water-gas shift reactor 16 is connected to the PSA purification unit 44; the methane steam reforming reactor 18 is connected to the PSA purification unit 44; the PSA purification unit 44 is then connected to the hydrogen buffer tank 43; the electrolyzer 25 is directly connected to the hydrogen buffer tank 43; from the water-gas shift reactor 16... The hydrogen introduced into the methane steam reforming reactor 18 and 6 is purified by the PSA purification unit 44 to remove carbon dioxide from the syngas, and the remaining hydrogen is introduced into the hydrogen buffer tank 43. The hydrogen generated by electrolyzing liquid water in the electrolyzer 25 is directly introduced into the hydrogen buffer tank 43 for pressure adjustment. After pressure adjustment in the hydrogen buffer tank 43, the hydrogen is introduced into the syngas compressor 42. The air separation unit 41 prepares nitrogen by compressing air and utilizing the difference in boiling points between gases. The nitrogen prepared by compressed air and the hydrogen collected in the hydrogen buffer tank 43 are simultaneously introduced into the syngas compressor 42 for compression. The compressed hydrogen-nitrogen mixture is then introduced into the ammonia synthesis tower 3 for ammonia synthesis reaction.

[0022] like Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the ammonia synthesis tower 3 has a cylindrical structure. A mixed gas inlet 30 and an ammonia outlet 39 are respectively opened at both ends of the main body 31 of the ammonia synthesis tower 3. Both the mixed gas inlet 30 and the ammonia outlet 39 are perpendicular to the main body 31. A sleeve 32 is provided inside the main body 31. The sleeve 32 is also cylindrical and is fixed to the inner wall of the main body 31 with a gap between it and the inner wall. Specifically, the mixed gas inlet 30 communicates with the gap between the sleeve 32 and the main body 31. A spiral guide plate 33 is fixed to the outer wall of the sleeve 32. The two sides of the guide plate 33... The ends are respectively fixed to the outer wall of the sleeve 32 and the inner wall of the body 31; so that the hydrogen-nitrogen mixture introduced from the mixed gas inlet 30, under the guidance of the spiral structure guide plate 33, flows spirally inside the body 31 towards the direction close to the ammonia outlet 39, and then enters the interior of the sleeve 32 through the bottom of the sleeve 32; by setting the spiral structure guide plate, the heat absorption of the reaction gas on the inner cylinder can be effectively guaranteed, preventing overheating during the ammonia synthesis process in the inner cylinder. At the same time, by controlling the pitch of the spiral structure, the flow rate and pressure drop of the gas can be effectively controlled to achieve the optimal heat exchange effect, and the reaction gas can be fully and uniformly preheated.

[0023] like Figure 3As shown, the sleeve 32 is provided with multiple gas-mixing partition plates 34. These partition plates 34 are spaced apart within the sleeve 32, forming multiple interconnected gas zones. Each partition plate 34 has multiple first gas through holes 341. Gas flows through these first gas through holes 341 into the next gas zone. Multiple syngas guide pipes 36 are also spaced apart between the partition plates 34. These guide pipes 36 penetrate the partition plates 34, thus fixing them in place. The ends of the guide pipes 36 penetrate the bottom 36 of the sleeve 32. The other end of each guide pipe 36 is connected to a connecting plate 35. The top plate 35 has only one gas-mixing collection hole 351. Hole 351 is connected to the gas collection pipe 38; the gas collection pipe 38 is used to collect the hydrogen-nitrogen mixture in the gas zone and uniformly introduce it into the gas collection pipe 38 for circulation; the gas is discharged through the other end of the gas collection pipe 38; under the obstruction of the top of the sleeve 32, it flows towards the bottom of the sleeve 32; specifically, two syngas partition plates 39 are spaced apart on the pipe wall of the gas collection pipe 38; the syngas partition plates 39 are provided with multiple second gas through holes 391 for syngas circulation; the second gas through holes 391 are connected to the syngas guide pipe 36; the gas enters the syngas guide pipe 36 after passing through multiple second gas through holes 391, and is discharged from the sleeve 32 through multiple syngas guide pipes 36, and finally passes through the bottom plate 37, then enters the ammonia outlet 39 and is discharged from the ammonia synthesis tower 3; preferably; in order to improve the ammonia synthesis efficiency, ammonia synthesis catalyst is filled between two adjacent syngas partition plates 39.

[0024] Specifically, the hydrogen-nitrogen mixture, after pressure adjustment, enters the body 31 through the mixed gas inlet 30; guided by the spiral guide plate 33, the hydrogen-nitrogen mixture flows spirally downward in the gap between the body 31 and the sleeve 32; and enters the interior of the sleeve 32 through multiple openings 3211 on the bottom 321 of the sleeve 32; under the turbulence of multiple synthesis gas guide pipes 36 inside the sleeve 32, the hydrogen-nitrogen mixture passes sequentially through multiple spaced mixed gas partition plates 34 inside the sleeve 32 (through multiple first gas through holes on the mixed gas partition plates 34); under the obstruction of the connecting plate 35 at the top of the synthesis gas guide pipe 36, it enters the gas collection pipe 38 through the mixed gas collection hole 351 on the connecting plate 35; and after being discharged through the gas collection pipe 38, it undergoes a reversal motion under the obstruction of the top 320 of the sleeve 32; and passes through the fixed... The gas flows towards the ammonia outlet 39 through the second gas through-hole 391 on the syngas separator 39; between the multiple syngas separators 39, hydrogen and nitrogen are synthesized into ammonia; the synthesized ammonia then enters the multiple syngas guide pipes 36; and exits the sleeve 32 through the multiple syngas guide pipes 36, finally passing through the bottom plate 37 and entering the ammonia outlet 39; subsequently exiting the ammonia synthesis tower 3, completing the ammonia synthesis; at the bottom of the inner cylinder of the reaction tower, the reaction gas rises through the shell side, which can effectively preheat the reaction gas and reduce the temperature of the generated gas in the tube side; after the reaction gas converges in the middle, it enters the middle through-hole of the reaction section and rises to the top of the catalyst layer, mixes, and then uniformly passes downward through the catalyst layer, releasing heat to the ammonia synthesis process, which can effectively reduce the temperature of the reaction center and is beneficial to the ammonia synthesis process. The spiral structure guide plate of the central tube and the inner and outer cylinders forms double preheating of the catalyst layer, which is also extremely beneficial to the ammonia synthesis process. The product flows through the tube during its downward movement, which can effectively reduce the temperature of the outer wall of the synthesis tower, thereby optimizing the axial and radial temperature gradient of the overall equipment and extending the service life of the equipment.

[0025] The ammonia outlet 39 is directly connected to the recovery unit 6; the recovery unit 6 includes a waste heat boiler 61, a water-cooled separator 62, a chiller 63, and a liquid ammonia storage tank 64; the ammonia outlet 39 is connected to the waste heat boiler 61, which is connected to an external water source; in the waste heat boiler 61, the heat from the synthesized ammonia is used to heat the water introduced from the outside, thereby increasing the water temperature; the heated water in the waste heat boiler 61 is discharged from the waste heat boiler 61 and introduced into the geothermal ORC unit 22 for power generation; the ammonia gas, after heat exchange and cooling, is introduced into the water-cooled separator 62 for liquefaction and storage; specifically, the water-cooled separator 62 is cyclically connected to the chiller 63; the chiller 63 introduces cooling water into the water-cooled separator 62 to lower the temperature of the synthesized ammonia, promoting the cooling and liquefaction of the ammonia gas, and the resulting liquid ammonia enters the liquid ammonia storage tank 64 for storage.

[0026] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely illustrative examples for clear explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation. Those skilled in the art will recognize that other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all possible implementations here. However, obvious variations or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A synthetic ammonia system utilizing biomass and geothermal tidal energy; comprising a biomass supply unit, ammonia synthesis unit, mixed gas treatment unit, geothermal unit, and recovery unit; characterized in that: The biomass supply unit is connected to the mixed gas treatment unit; the biomass supply unit is equipped with a biomass supply assembly, a gasifier, and a water-gas shift reactor; the biomass supply assembly is connected to the gasifier, and the gasifier is then connected to the water-gas shift reactor; the water-gas shift reactor is connected to the mixed gas treatment unit; and the mixed gas treatment unit is then connected to the ammonia synthesis tower. The ammonia synthesis tower body is internally equipped with multiple mixed gas partition plates; multiple synthesis gas guide pipes are spaced apart between the mixed gas partition plates; the synthesis gas guide pipes penetrate the mixed gas partition plates, and the mixed gas partition plates have multiple first gas through holes for the flow of hydrogen-nitrogen mixed gas; one end of the synthesis gas guide pipe is fixed to a connecting plate; the connecting plate has only one mixed gas collecting hole; the mixed gas collecting hole is not connected to the synthesis gas guide pipe; the connecting plate is connected to a gas collection pipeline through the mixed gas collecting hole; the other end of the gas collection pipeline is connected to the synthesis gas guide pipe; the other end of the synthesis gas guide pipe passes through and is fixed to the bottom plate and communicates with the ammonia outlet; the ammonia outlet is connected to the recovery unit; The geothermal unit is connected to both the biomass supply unit and the mixed gas treatment unit; the geothermal unit is connected to the gasifier and is used to supply steam to the gasifier.

2. The ammonia synthesis system utilizing biomass and geothermal tidal energy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The biomass supply unit includes a crusher, a dryer, a storage silo, a feeder, a gasifier, a dust removal device, and a water-gas shift reactor. The crusher is connected to the dryer; the dryer is connected to the storage silo; the storage silo is connected to the feeder; the gasifier is connected to the dust removal device; the dust removal device is connected to the water-gas shift reactor; the gasifier is connected to a fermentation well; the fermentation well is connected to a methane steam reforming reactor; and the outlet of the methane steam reforming reactor is connected to the outlet of the water-gas shift reactor.

3. The ammonia synthesis system utilizing biomass and geothermal tidal energy according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a power generation unit; the power generation unit includes a tidal generator set, a geothermal ORC unit, a smart grid controller, and an electrolytic cell; the tidal generator set and the geothermal ORC unit are set up separately and are simultaneously connected to the smart grid controller; the smart grid controller is electrically connected to the electrolytic cell; the geothermal ORC unit is connected to a geothermal water reinjection pump; the geothermal water reinjection pump is connected to the geothermal unit.

4. The ammonia synthesis system utilizing biomass and geothermal tidal energy according to claim 3, characterized in that: The geothermal unit includes a geothermal well, a steam generator, and a heat exchanger; the geothermal well is connected to the steam generator; the steam generator is then connected to the heat exchanger; the geothermal well is further connected to the geothermal water reinjection pump and the dryer; the heat exchanger is connected to an external water source; the heat exchanger is connected to both the evaporator and the dryer; and the steam generator is connected to both the gasifier and the methane steam reforming reactor.

5. The ammonia synthesis system utilizing biomass and geothermal tidal energy according to claim 3, characterized in that: The mixed gas processing unit includes an air separation unit, a syngas compressor, a hydrogen buffer tank, and a PSA purification unit; the air separation unit is directly connected to the syngas compressor; the hydrogen buffer tank is directly connected to the syngas compressor; the water-gas shift reactor is connected to the PSA purification unit; the methane steam reforming reactor is connected to the PSA purification unit; the PSA purification unit is then connected to the hydrogen buffer tank; and the electrolyzer is directly connected to the hydrogen buffer tank.

6. The ammonia synthesis system utilizing biomass and geothermal tidal energy according to claim 5, characterized in that: The ammonia synthesis tower has a mixed gas inlet and an ammonia outlet at both ends of its main body; a sleeve is installed inside the main body; the sleeve is fixed to the inner wall of the main body and there is a gap between the sleeve and the inner wall of the main body; the mixed gas inlet communicates with the gap between the sleeve and the main body; a spiral guide plate is fixed on the outer wall of the sleeve; the two ends of the guide plate are fixed to the outer wall of the sleeve and the inner wall of the main body, respectively.

7. The ammonia synthesis system utilizing biomass and geothermal tidal energy according to claim 6, characterized in that: Two syngas separator plates are spaced apart on the wall of the gas central pipeline; the syngas separator plates are provided with multiple second gas through holes for syngas flow; the second gas through holes are connected to the syngas guide pipe; and ammonia synthesis catalyst is filled between two adjacent syngas separator plates.

8. The ammonia synthesis system utilizing biomass and geothermal tidal energy according to claim 7, characterized in that: The recovery unit includes a waste heat boiler, a water-cooled separator, a chiller, and a liquid ammonia storage tank. The ammonia outlet is connected to the waste heat boiler, which is connected to an external water source. The waste heat boiler is connected to the geothermal ORC unit and the water-cooled separator. The water-cooled separator is circulated with the chiller. The chiller introduces cooling water into the water-cooled separator to lower the temperature of the synthesized ammonia, promoting the cooling and liquefaction of the ammonia. The resulting liquid ammonia is then stored in the liquid ammonia storage tank.

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