A water treatment apparatus

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of water treatment, and discloses a water treatment equipment, which comprises a disinfection assembly, a fine filtration assembly, a backwashing assembly, a circulating water supply assembly and a controller. The disinfection assembly is used for primary filtration and sterilization of sewage. The fine filtration assembly is in communication with the disinfection assembly, and is internally provided with a filter material layer, a water collecting pipe and a filter stick. The backwashing assembly is in communication with the fine filtration assembly, and is used for backwashing of the fine filtration assembly. The circulating water supply assembly is used for external delivery of clean water. The controller is used for controlling the backwashing assembly to perform backwashing operation with different strategies according to the operation state of the fine filtration assembly. The application adopts integrated design to reduce the equipment floor area. The controller is used to perform two-stage backwashing timing of pure gas washing first and then gas-water combined cleaning. The blockage and damage diagnosis of the filter stick is realized based on the flushing water pressure sensor, online efficient cleaning and intelligent operation are realized, and the intelligent level and operation reliability of the equipment are significantly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of water treatment technology, and in particular to a water treatment device. Background Technology

[0002] In existing water treatment equipment, the filtration system and backwashing system are usually designed separately. Each functional unit is connected in series through pipes, resulting in a large overall equipment footprint, complex piping connections, and the inability to remove pollutants accumulated inside the filter components online. This requires manual disassembly and cleaning after shutdown, leading to low maintenance efficiency and high operating costs.

[0003] In addition, although existing integrated water purification equipment integrates filtration and disinfection functions, its backwashing method is simple, mainly relying on a single water wash, which has low rinsing efficiency and cannot automatically adjust the backwashing strategy according to the actual clogging status of the filter components, resulting in problems of over-rinsing or incomplete rinsing.

[0004] Therefore, a water treatment device is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a water treatment device that solves or at least alleviates one or more of the aforementioned and other problems existing in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the main technical solutions adopted by the present invention include: A water treatment device, comprising: Disinfection components are used for preliminary filtration and sterilization of wastewater; A fine filtration component is connected to the disinfection component, and the fine filtration component is used to finely filter the water treated by the disinfection component. A backwashing assembly is connected to the fine filter assembly. The backwashing assembly is used to backwash the fine filter assembly to remove contaminants accumulated inside the fine filter assembly. A circulating water supply component is connected to the fine filtration component, and the circulating water supply component is used to transport the clean water treated by the fine filtration component to the outside. The controller is electrically connected to both the backwashing assembly and the circulating water supply assembly. The controller controls the backwashing assembly to perform backwashing operations using different strategies based on the operating status of the fine filtration assembly, and controls the start / stop and operating status of the circulating water supply assembly. The controller is also electrically connected to the air supply unit and water supply unit of the backwashing assembly, as well as a flushing water pressure sensor installed on the second backwashing branch pipe. During the backwashing operation, the controller first controls the air supply unit to start and maintain it for a first preset time, allowing the filter media layer to be in a loosened state. After the process is completed, the water supply unit is turned on to form a gas-water mixture to clean the filter media layer. At the same time, the backwash water enters the water collection pipe through the second backwash inlet and washes the filter pores of the filter rod from the inside to the outside. During the backwashing process, the controller dynamically adjusts the backwashing strategy based on the backwash water pressure value collected by the backwash water pressure sensor: when the backwash water pressure value exceeds the first pressure threshold, the filter rod is determined to be blocked and a maintenance reminder is output; when the backwash water pressure value is lower than the second pressure threshold, the filter rod is determined to be damaged and a repair reminder is output. The second pressure threshold is less than the first pressure threshold.

[0007] The above-mentioned water treatment equipment, wherein: the disinfection component includes a sewage disinfection chamber, a first inlet is provided at the upper end of one side of the sewage disinfection chamber, a first outlet is provided at the lower end of the side of the sewage disinfection chamber away from the first inlet, and a coarse filter and a disinfection unit are provided inside the sewage disinfection chamber, the coarse filter is located directly below the first inlet, and the disinfection unit is located below the coarse filter.

[0008] In the aforementioned water treatment equipment, the fine filtration component includes a filter chamber. A second inlet is located at the upper end of the filter chamber near the wastewater disinfection chamber. A guide channel is fixedly connected inside the first outlet. The end of the guide channel away from the wastewater disinfection chamber passes through the second inlet and extends into the filter chamber. A second outlet is located at the lower end of one side of the filter chamber. A water collection pipe is installed at the lower end of the filter chamber. Multiple filter rods are connected to the water collection pipe in a non-U-shape. One end of the water collection pipe is connected to the second outlet. A filter media layer is installed inside the filter chamber, and the water collection pipe is located below the filter media layer.

[0009] The aforementioned water treatment equipment, wherein: the water supply unit includes a backwash main water pipe and a backwash drain pipe; each filter chamber has a backwash main pipe at its lower end; multiple backwash branch pipes are connected to the backwash main pipe at intervals; both the backwash main pipe and the backwash branch pipes have flushing holes; a first backwash inlet and a second backwash inlet are respectively provided at the lower end of the filter chamber on the side away from the second outlet; one side of the first backwash inlet is connected to one end of the backwash main pipe; the other side of the first backwash inlet is connected to the backwash main water pipe through a second backwash branch pipe; the end of the water collection pipe away from the second outlet is connected to the side of the second backwash inlet; the other side of the second backwash inlet is connected to the backwash main water pipe through a first backwash branch pipe; a first valve is installed on the backwash main water pipe; The filter chamber is provided with a backwash drain outlet on the upper end of the side near the first backwash inlet. The backwash drain pipe is connected to the backwash drain outlet and a second valve is installed on the backwash drain pipe. The air supply unit includes an air pump, the air outlet of which is connected to a high-pressure main air pipe. A backwash air port is provided on the side of the filter chamber near the second water outlet. The high-pressure main air pipe is connected to one side of the backwash air port through a high-pressure branch air pipe. The end of the backwash main pipe away from the first backwash water inlet is connected to the other side of the backwash air port. An eighth valve and a one-way valve are sequentially provided on the high-pressure branch air pipe.

[0010] The aforementioned water treatment equipment includes: a circulating water supply component comprising a water pump, the inlet of which is connected to a main water collection pipe, a second outlet connected to the main water collection pipe, a ninth valve installed on the main water collection pipe, and the outlet of which is connected to a clean water delivery pipe.

[0011] The aforementioned water treatment equipment further includes a monitoring unit, which comprises a first pressure sensor, a second pressure sensor, an effluent turbidity sensor, a backwash wastewater turbidity sensor, and a flushing water pressure sensor. The first pressure sensor is located inside the filter chamber and above the filter media layer, and is used to collect the inlet water pressure value of the filter chamber. The second pressure sensor is located at the second water outlet and is used to collect the water pressure value of the filter chamber; the water turbidity sensor is located at the second water outlet and is used to collect the water turbidity value of the filter chamber. The backwash wastewater turbidity sensor is installed on the backwash drain pipe to collect the turbidity value of the backwash wastewater. The flushing water pressure sensor is installed on the second backwash branch pipe and is used to collect the water pressure value inside the water collection pipe during backwashing. The first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor, the effluent turbidity sensor, the backwash wastewater turbidity sensor, and the flushing water pressure sensor are all electrically connected to the controller.

[0012] The aforementioned water treatment equipment includes: a controller comprising a data acquisition module, a comprehensive judgment module, and a self-learning optimization module; the data acquisition module is used to collect in real time the first pressure value of the first pressure sensor, the second pressure value of the second pressure sensor, the effluent turbidity value of the effluent turbidity sensor, and the cumulative operating time of the equipment; the comprehensive judgment module is used to calculate the pressure difference value based on the first and second pressure values, and to calculate a comprehensive decision value based on the pressure difference value, the effluent turbidity value, and the cumulative operating time; when the comprehensive decision value reaches a preset dynamic threshold, or when the pressure difference value reaches a second preset threshold, or when the effluent turbidity value reaches a third preset threshold, or when the cumulative operating time reaches a fourth preset threshold, a backwashing operation is triggered; the self-learning optimization module is used to record the pressure difference value before and after each backwash and calculate the pressure difference recovery rate, and dynamically adjust the preset dynamic threshold and the weighting coefficient used to calculate the comprehensive decision value based on the pressure difference recovery rate.

[0013] The aforementioned water treatment equipment, wherein: the controller is further provided with a trend prediction module, the trend prediction module is used to calculate the rate of change of the differential pressure value over time, and predict the remaining time for the differential pressure value to reach the second preset threshold based on the current differential pressure value and the rate of change; when the remaining time is less than the first warning time threshold, a backwash warning signal is issued, and when the remaining time is less than the second warning time threshold, a backwash operation is immediately triggered.

[0014] The aforementioned water treatment equipment further includes an inlet turbidity sensor. The controller is also equipped with a feedback adjustment module and a water quality adaptive module. The feedback adjustment module is used to collect the turbidity value of the backwash wastewater from the backwash wastewater turbidity sensor in real time during the air-water mixing cleaning stage and monitor its changing trend. When the turbidity value of the backwash wastewater continues to decrease and stabilizes below the preset termination threshold within a preset stable time, the backwashing operation is terminated in advance. The inlet turbidity sensor is electrically connected to the controller, and the inlet turbidity sensor is disposed inside the filter chamber and above the filter media layer; The water quality adaptive module is used to obtain the influent turbidity value and determine the water quality category based on the influent turbidity value; when the water quality category is determined to be the first category, the backwashing cycle is extended and / or the first preset time is shortened; when the water quality category is determined to be the second category, the normal operating parameters are maintained; when the water quality category is determined to be the third category, the backwashing cycle is shortened and / or the first preset time is extended.

[0015] The aforementioned water treatment equipment, wherein: the controller further includes a filter rod diagnostic module, which is used to monitor the backwash water pressure value of the flushing water pressure sensor during backwashing and diagnose the status of the filter rod according to the backwashing strategy; the filter rod diagnostic module is also used to: record the backwash water pressure value during each backwash and generate a historical trend curve; when the backwash water pressure value shows a continuous upward trend in multiple consecutive backwashes and approaches the first pressure threshold, output a preventive maintenance reminder for the filter rod in advance; and when it is determined that the filter rod is damaged, terminate the current backwashing operation through the controller, shut down the air supply unit and the water supply unit, and prevent backwash water from leaking from the damaged area.

[0016] This invention has at least the following beneficial effects: By integrating the disinfection component, fine filtration component, backwashing component, circulating water supply component and controller into one unit, the equipment footprint is greatly reduced. At the same time, online backwashing of the filter media layer and filter rods is realized, which can remove accumulated pollutants without stopping the machine for disassembly, significantly reducing maintenance costs and downtime. By incorporating data acquisition, comprehensive judgment, and self-learning optimization modules within the controller, the system can determine the timing of backwashing based on a fusion of multiple parameters, including differential pressure, effluent turbidity, and cumulative operating time. This avoids misjudgment based on a single parameter. Furthermore, the system dynamically adjusts thresholds and weights based on differential pressure recovery rates to prevent over-washing and incomplete washing. Additionally, the system utilizes a trend prediction module for predicting and warning of differential pressure changes, a feedback adjustment module for dynamically terminating backwash wastewater turbidity feedback, a water quality self-adaptation module for switching influent water quality-driven strategies, and a filter rod diagnosis module for intelligent diagnosis of filter rod blockage and damage. These features significantly enhance the intelligence level and operational reliability of the equipment. The timing control module within the controller enables a two-stage backwashing sequence: pure air washing followed by combined air and water washing. The pure air washing stage loosens the filter media layer with gas, causing contaminants adhering to the filter media surface to peel off. The combined air and water washing stage then washes away the peeled contaminants. Compared to traditional washing methods, this process is more thorough and consumes less water. Simultaneously, by introducing backwash water into the collection pipe through a second backwash inlet, automatic flushing of the filter holes from the inside out is achieved, extending the service life of the filter media. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of this application and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments and are used to explain this application, but do not constitute an undue limitation of this application. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams from another perspective of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a second structural schematic diagram from another perspective of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the wastewater disinfection chamber and filtration chamber of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the support frame of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the invention from a top view. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the disinfection unit of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the filter chamber of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a circuit block diagram of the present invention.

[0018] Explanation of icon numbers: 1. Disinfection components; 101. Wastewater disinfection chamber; 102. First outlet; 103. Water inlet; 104. Overflow outlet; 105. First inlet; 106. First outlet; 107. Guide channel; 2. Fine filtration assembly; 201. Filter chamber; 202. Second outlet; 203. Backwash air inlet; 204. First backwash inlet; 205. Second backwash inlet; 206. Second drain; 207. Backwash drain; 208. Second inlet; 209. Water collection pipe; 210. Filter rod; 211. Filter media layer; 3. Disinfection unit; 301. First mounting bracket; 302. Ultraviolet germicidal lamp tube; 4. Coarse filter element; 401. Second mounting bracket; 402. Filter screen; 5. Backwash assembly; 501. Air pump; 502. High-pressure main air pipe; 503. High-pressure branch air pipe; 5031. Eighth valve; 504. Backwash main water pipe; 5041. First valve; 505. First backwash branch water pipe; 506. Second backwash branch water pipe; 507. Backwash drain pipe; 5071. Second valve; 508. Second drain pipe; 5081. Fourth valve; 509. Backwash main pipe; 510. Backwash branch pipe; 6. Circulating water supply components; 601. Water pump; 602. Main water collection pipe; 6021. Ninth valve; 603. Clean water delivery pipe; 604. Sewage inlet pipe; 6041. Fifth valve; 605. Overflow pipe; 606. First drain pipe; 6061. Sixth valve; 607. Water supply pipe; 6071. Seventh valve; 7. Controller; 701. First pressure sensor; 702. Second pressure sensor; 703. Effluent turbidity sensor; 704. Backwash wastewater turbidity sensor; 705. Flushing water pressure sensor; 706. Inlet turbidity sensor; 8. Support frame. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The following will describe in detail the implementation of this application with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, so that the implementation process of how this application uses technical means to solve technical problems and achieve technical effects can be fully understood and implemented accordingly.

[0020] Please refer to Figures 1 to 9 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a water treatment device, including: a disinfection component 1, a fine filtration component 2, a backwashing component 5, a circulating water supply component 6, and a controller 7, wherein: Disinfection component 1 is used for preliminary filtration and sterilization of wastewater; The fine filtration component 2 is connected to the disinfection component 1, and the fine filtration component 2 is used to finely filter the water treated by the disinfection component 1. The backwashing assembly 5 is connected to the fine filter assembly 2. The backwashing assembly 5 is used to backwash the fine filter assembly 2 to remove the contaminants accumulated inside the fine filter assembly 2. The circulating water supply component 6 is connected to the fine filtration component 2. The circulating water supply component 6 is used to transport the clean water treated by the fine filtration component 2 to the outside. The controller 7 is electrically connected to the backwashing assembly 5 and the circulating water supply assembly 6 respectively. The controller 7 is used to control the backwashing assembly 5 to perform backwashing operations with different strategies and to control the start-up, shutdown and operation status of the circulating water supply assembly 6 according to the operating status of the fine filtration assembly 2.

[0021] In this embodiment, the disinfection component 1 includes a sewage disinfection chamber 101. A first inlet 105 is provided at the upper end of one side of the sewage disinfection chamber 101, and a first outlet 102 is provided at the lower end of the side of the sewage disinfection chamber 101 away from the first inlet 105. A coarse filter 4 and a disinfection unit 3 are provided inside the sewage disinfection chamber 101. The coarse filter 4 is located directly below the first inlet 105, and the disinfection unit 3 is located below the coarse filter 4.

[0022] The wastewater disinfection chamber 101 is also equipped with a water inlet 103, an overflow outlet 104, and a first drain outlet 106. The circulating water supply component 6 also includes a wastewater inlet pipe 604, an overflow pipe 605, a first drain outlet 606, and a water inlet pipe 607. The wastewater inlet pipe 604 is connected to the first inlet 105 and is equipped with a fifth valve 6041. The overflow pipe 605 is connected to the overflow outlet 104. The first drain outlet 606 is connected to the first drain outlet 106 and is equipped with a sixth valve 6061. The water inlet pipe 607 is connected to the water inlet 103 and is equipped with a seventh valve 6071.

[0023] The disinfection unit 3 includes a first mounting frame 301 and an ultraviolet germicidal lamp 302. The first mounting frame 301 is fixedly connected to the inside of the sewage disinfection chamber 101 and is located below the coarse filter element 4. The ultraviolet germicidal lamp 302 is mounted on the first mounting frame 301 and is used to disinfect the water after coarse filtration. The ultraviolet germicidal lamp 302 is electrically connected to the controller 7.

[0024] The coarse filter element 4 includes a second mounting frame 401 and a filter screen 402. The second mounting frame 401 is fixedly connected to the inside of the sewage disinfection chamber 101, and the filter screen 402 is disposed on the second mounting frame 401 for coarse filtration of sewage entering the sewage disinfection chamber 101.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, after sewage enters the sewage disinfection chamber 101 through the sewage inlet pipe 604 and the first inlet 105, it first passes through the filter screen 402 located directly below the first inlet 105. The filter screen 402 intercepts large suspended solids and impurities in the sewage, completing the coarse filtration operation. After passing through the filter screen 402, the water flows downward and passes through the ultraviolet germicidal lamp tube 302 located below the coarse filter element 4. The ultraviolet germicidal lamp tube 302 irradiates and sterilizes the water, decomposing bacteria and microorganisms in the water, completing the sterilization and disinfection operation. The sterilized and disinfected water flows out of the sewage disinfection chamber 101 through the first outlet 102. The water replenishment port 103, the overflow port 104, and the first drain port 106 are used to replenish water into the sewage disinfection chamber 101, discharge excess water when the liquid level is too high, and empty the sewage disinfection chamber 101 during maintenance, respectively.

[0026] In some embodiments, the filter screen 402 may be a cage-type filter cylinder, which is attached to the second mounting frame 401 and can be easily removed from the sewage disinfection chamber 101 for cleaning or replacement. The ultraviolet germicidal lamp tube 302 is an immersion type, with 8 to 12 lamps. A transparent quartz protective sleeve is fitted over the outer side of each lamp tube, and the sleeve is fixedly connected to the first mounting frame 301. The lamp tubes are inserted into the transparent quartz protective sleeve, which prevents them from directly contacting the water and avoids scale buildup on the lamp surface, thus affecting the sterilization effect. The water inlet 103 is used to replenish clean water into the sewage disinfection chamber 101, the overflow outlet 104 is used to prevent the sewage disinfection chamber 101 from becoming overfilled, and the first drain outlet 106 is used to drain the water from the sewage disinfection chamber 101 during cleaning or maintenance. Both the wastewater disinfection chamber 101 and the filtration chamber 201 are independent hollow modular structures, and the length, width and height of the chambers can be customized according to the actual parameters of the on-site access channel.

[0027] In this embodiment, the fine filtration component 2 includes a filter chamber 201. A second inlet 208 is provided on the upper end of the filter chamber 201 near the sewage disinfection chamber 101. A guide channel 107 is fixedly connected inside the first outlet 102. The end of the guide channel 107 away from the sewage disinfection chamber 101 passes through the second inlet 208 and extends into the filter chamber 201. A second outlet 202 is provided on the lower end of one side of the filter chamber 201. A water collection pipe 209 is provided at the lower end of the interior of the filter chamber 201. Multiple filter rods 210 are connected to the water collection pipe 209. The filter rods 210 are distributed in a non-U shape on the water collection pipe 209. One end of the water collection pipe 209 is connected to the second outlet 202, and the other end of the water collection pipe 209 is connected to the second backwash inlet 205. A filter media layer 211 is provided inside the filter chamber 201, and the water collection pipe 209 is located below the filter media layer 211.

[0028] It also includes a second drain pipe 508. A second drain outlet 206 is provided at the lower end of the filter chamber 201 near the first backwash inlet 204. The second drain outlet 206 is connected to the second drain pipe 508. A fourth valve 5081 is installed on the second drain pipe 508. The fourth valve 5081 is electrically connected to the controller 7.

[0029] By adopting the above technical solution, the water treated by the disinfection component 1 flows into the guide channel 107 through the first outlet 102, and is guided through the guide channel 107 through the second inlet 208 before entering the filter chamber 201. After entering the filter chamber 201, the water passes through the filter media layer 211 from top to bottom. The filter media layer 211 intercepts suspended solids, colloids, and other fine impurities in the water, completing fine filtration. The clean water after passing through the filter media layer 211 enters the collection pipe 209, is collected by multiple filter rods 210 arranged in a non-U-shape on the collection pipe 209, and finally flows out of the filter chamber 201 from one end of the collection pipe 209 through the second outlet 202. The second drain outlet 206 and the second drain pipe 508 are used to drain the water inside the filter chamber 201 during equipment maintenance. The fourth valve 5081 is electrically connected to the controller 7 and is used to automatically control the opening and closing of the second drain pipe 508.

[0030] In this embodiment, there are one or more filter chambers 201, which are connected in sequence in a straight line. A wastewater disinfection chamber 101 is located on one side of the filter chambers 201. The top of each filter chamber 201 is openable and has a sealing cover. A pressing mechanism is located inside the sealing cover to press the upper surface of the filter media layer 211, preventing it from floating or shifting when water enters the filter chamber 201. The outer wall of the guide channel 107 is tightly fitted to the inner wall of the first outlet 102 to prevent wastewater from seeping out from the connection. The first outlet 102 and the second inlet 208 are coaxially arranged to ensure smooth water flow. The filter media layer 211 is a glass sand filter media layer with a particle size of 0.8 mm to 1.2 mm and a thickness of 5 cm to 10 cm.

[0031] In this embodiment, the backwashing assembly 5 includes: The water supply unit includes a backwash main water pipe 504 and a backwash drain pipe 507. Each filter chamber 201 has a backwash main pipe 509 at its lower interior end. Multiple backwash branch pipes 510 are connected to the backwash main pipe 509 at intervals. Both the backwash main pipe 509 and the backwash branch pipes 510 have flushing holes. A first backwash inlet 204 and a second backwash inlet 205 are respectively located at the lower end of the filter chamber 201 on the side away from the second outlet 202. The first backwash inlet... One side of the first backwash inlet 204 is connected to one end of the backwash main pipe 509. The other side of the first backwash inlet 204 is connected to the backwash main pipe 504 through the second backwash branch pipe 506. The end of the collecting pipe 209 away from the second outlet 202 is connected to one side of the second backwash inlet 205. The other side of the second backwash inlet 205 is connected to the backwash main pipe 504 through the first backwash branch pipe 505. A first valve 5041 is installed on the backwash main pipe 504. A backwash drain outlet 207 is provided at the upper end of the side of the filter chamber 201 near the first backwash inlet 204. The backwash drain pipe 507 is connected to the backwash drain outlet 207, and a second valve 5071 is installed on the backwash drain pipe 507. The air supply unit includes an air pump 501. The air outlet of the air pump 501 is connected to a high-pressure main air pipe 502. A backwash air port 203 is provided on the side of the filter chamber 201 near the second water outlet 202. The high-pressure main air pipe 502 is connected to one side of the backwash air port 203 through a high-pressure branch air pipe 503. The end of the backwash main pipe 509 away from the first backwash water inlet 204 is connected to the other side of the backwash air port 203. An eighth valve 5031 and a one-way valve are sequentially provided on the high-pressure branch air pipe 503 along the direction from the air pump 501 to the filter chamber 201.

[0032] By adopting the above technical solution, during backwashing, the external water source enters through the backwashing main water pipe 504 and is divided into two paths: the first path enters the first backwashing inlet 204 through the second backwashing branch water pipe 506, and then enters the backwashing main pipe 509, which distributes the water to each backwashing branch pipe 510. The water is then sprayed upward through the flushing holes on the backwashing main pipe 509 and the backwashing branch pipes 510 to flush the filter media layer 211 from bottom to top; the second path enters the second backwashing inlet 205 through the first backwashing branch water pipe 505, and then enters the water collection pipe 209, which distributes the water to each filter rod 210, flushing the filter holes from the inside of the filter rod 210 outward. Simultaneously, the high-pressure gas generated by the air pump 501 in the air supply unit enters the backwash air port 203 through the high-pressure main air pipe 502 and the high-pressure branch air pipe 503, and is then sprayed upward through the flushing holes on the backwash main pipe 509 and the backwash branch pipe 510, mixing with the backwash water to form an air-water mixture, which jointly cleans the filter layer 211. The cleaned backwash wastewater is discharged outward through the backwash drain port 207 and the backwash drain pipe 507. The eighth valve 5031 installed on the high-pressure branch pipe 503 is used to control the opening and closing of the air supply path, and the one-way valve is used to prevent water from flowing back into the air pump 501. The first valve 5041 is used to control the opening and closing of the backwash main water pipe 504, and the second valve 5071 is used to control the opening and closing of the backwash drain pipe 507.

[0033] In this embodiment, the eighth valve 5031 is electrically connected to the controller 7. During normal filtration, the controller 7 controls the eighth valve 5031 to close, blocking the air path between the air supply unit and the filter chamber 201. During backwashing, the controller 7 controls the eighth valve 5031 to open, opening the air path between the air supply unit and the filter chamber 201. The one-way valve is unidirectional, flowing from the air pump 501 to the filter chamber 201, preventing water in the filter chamber 201 from flowing back into the air pump 501.

[0034] In this embodiment, the circulating water supply component 6 includes a water pump 601, the inlet of the water pump 601 is connected to a water collection main pipe 602, the second outlet 202 is connected to the water collection main pipe 602, a ninth valve 6021 is installed on the water collection main pipe 602, and the outlet of the water pump 601 is connected to a clean water delivery pipe 603.

[0035] By adopting the above technical solution, during normal filtration, the clean water treated by the fine filtration component 2 flows into the main water collection pipe 602 through the second outlet 202, enters the inlet of the water pump 601 through the main water collection pipe 602, and is then pressurized by the water pump 601 and transported to the point of use through the clean water delivery pipe 603. The ninth valve 6021 installed on the main water collection pipe 602 is used to control the opening and closing of the main water collection pipe 602, and cuts off the water circuit when the water pump 601 is under maintenance or during backwashing operation.

[0036] The ninth valve 6021 is electrically connected to the controller 7. During normal filtration, the ninth valve 6021 is in the open state. During backwashing, the controller 7 controls the ninth valve 6021 to close, cutting off the water path between the second outlet 202 and the water pump 601, and preventing backwash water from flowing back into the water pump 601.

[0037] In this embodiment, a monitoring unit is also included. The monitoring unit includes a first pressure sensor 701, a second pressure sensor 702, an effluent turbidity sensor 703, a backwash wastewater turbidity sensor 704, and a flushing water pressure sensor 705. The first pressure sensor 701 is disposed inside the filter chamber 201 and above the filter media layer 211, and is used to collect the inlet water pressure value of the filter chamber 201. The second pressure sensor 702 is disposed at the second outlet 202 and is used to collect the effluent pressure value of the filter chamber 201. The effluent turbidity sensor 703 is disposed at the second outlet 202 and is used to collect the effluent pressure value of the filter chamber 201. A pressure sensor 702 is placed at the second outlet 202 to collect the turbidity value of the effluent from the filter chamber 201; a backwash wastewater turbidity sensor 704 is installed on the backwash drain pipe 507 to collect the turbidity value of the backwash wastewater; a flushing water pressure sensor 705 is installed on the second backwash branch pipe 506 to collect the water pressure value inside the collection pipe 209 during backwashing; the first pressure sensor 701, the second pressure sensor 702, the effluent turbidity sensor 703, the backwash wastewater turbidity sensor 704, and the flushing water pressure sensor 705 are electrically connected to the controller 7.

[0038] By adopting the above technical solution, the first pressure sensor 701 collects the inlet water pressure value at the inlet of the filter chamber 201 in real time, the second pressure sensor 702 collects the outlet water pressure value at the outlet of the filter chamber 201 in real time, the outlet water turbidity sensor 703 collects the outlet water turbidity value at the outlet of the filter chamber 201 in real time, the backwash wastewater turbidity sensor 704 collects the turbidity value of the backwash wastewater in the backwash drain pipe 507 in real time, and the flushing water pressure sensor 705 collects the backwash water pressure value in the second backwash branch pipe 506 in real time. Each of the above sensors transmits the collected signals to the controller 7 in real time. The controller 7 determines the operating status of the fine filtration component 2 based on the received signals and controls the backwash component 5 to execute the corresponding backwashing strategy accordingly.

[0039] In this embodiment, the controller 7 includes a data acquisition module, a comprehensive judgment module, a timing control module, and a self-learning optimization module; The data acquisition module is used to collect the first pressure value of the first pressure sensor 701, the second pressure value of the second pressure sensor 702, the turbidity value of the effluent turbidity sensor 703, and the cumulative running time of the equipment in real time, and calculate the pressure difference value ΔP based on the first pressure value and the second pressure value. The comprehensive judgment module is used to calculate the pressure difference value based on the first pressure value and the second pressure value, and to calculate the comprehensive decision value based on the pressure difference value, the effluent turbidity value and the cumulative running time. When the comprehensive decision value reaches the preset dynamic threshold, or when the pressure difference value reaches the second preset threshold, or when the effluent turbidity value reaches the third preset threshold, or when the cumulative running time reaches the fourth preset threshold, the backwashing operation is triggered. The self-learning optimization module is used to record the pressure difference value before and after each backwash and calculate the pressure difference recovery rate. Based on the pressure difference recovery rate, the preset dynamic threshold and the weight coefficient used to calculate the comprehensive decision value are dynamically adjusted.

[0040] The comprehensive judgment module has a preset maximum allowable differential pressure value. Maximum permissible effluent turbidity value Maximum allowed cumulative running time and reference time constant ; The comprehensive judgment module is configured to calculate the comprehensive decision value based on the following nonlinear coupling formula. : ; in, The cumulative operating time of the equipment. denoted as effluent turbidity, d(ΔP) / dt as the rate of change of pressure difference over time, and α, β, γ, δ, and λ as preset weighting coefficients that satisfy α+γ=1, α>0, γ>0, β≥0, δ≥0, and λ≥0. By adopting the above technical solution, the comprehensive judgment module abandons the traditional linear weighted summation method and uses a nonlinear coupling formula based on the physical mechanism of deep filtering to calculate the comprehensive decision value. .

[0041] Parameter description table:

[0042] The comprehensive judgment module is also used when the comprehensive decision value Reaching the preset dynamic threshold When, or when the pressure difference ΔP alone reaches the second preset threshold, or when the effluent turbidity value When the third preset threshold is reached individually, or when the cumulative running time is reached... A backwashing operation is triggered when the fourth preset threshold is reached independently. The preset dynamic threshold is... The initial setting is 0.75 to 0.90, the second preset threshold is 0.15 MPa to 0.25 MPa, the third preset threshold is 1 NTU to 3 NTU, and the fourth preset threshold is 12 hours to 48 hours. By retaining single-item hard-triggered logic based on differential pressure value, effluent turbidity value, and cumulative operating time, the system ensures the highest priority safety redundancy protection under complex operating conditions, forming a dual-track protection mechanism with the intelligent algorithm.

[0043] The timing control module is used to perform backwashing operations in a two-stage sequence: first, it controls the air supply unit to turn on and maintain it for a first preset time, so that the filter media layer 211 is in a loose gas state, and the pollutants adhering to the surface of the filter media are peeled off; after the first preset time ends, it controls the water supply unit to turn on, forming an air-water mixed fluid to jointly clean the filter media layer 211, flushing away the peeled pollutants, and at the same time, the backwash water enters the water collection pipe 209 through the second backwash water inlet 205, and washes the filter holes from the inside of the filter rod 210 outward.

[0044] The self-learning optimization module records the differential pressure before and after each backflushing and calculates the differential pressure recovery rate, dynamically adjusting the preset dynamic threshold based on the differential pressure recovery rate. The specific strategy for determining the values ​​of the weighting coefficients β and λ is as follows: When the differential pressure recovery rate is lower than the first effectiveness threshold, the cleaning is deemed incomplete, indicating accelerated aging of the filter media or insufficient current backwashing strategy. The weighting coefficients β and λ are then increased, and the preset dynamic threshold is lowered. This shortens the triggering cycle for the next round of backflushing and enhances the timing of backflushing intervention. For example, β is increased by 0.01 to 0.03, and λ is increased by 0.01 to 0.02. Reduced by 0.02 to 0.05. The first-effect threshold is 75% to 85%.

[0045] When the differential pressure recovery rate is higher than the second effect threshold, the cleaning effect is considered good, the filter media is in a healthy state, the weighting coefficients β and λ are reduced, and the preset dynamic threshold is increased. This extends the trigger cycle for the next backwash, reduces the backwash frequency, and saves water and energy. For example, β is reduced by 0.01 to 0.02, and λ is reduced by 0.005 to 0.015. Increase by 0.02 to 0.05. The second effect threshold is 90% to 95%.

[0046] When the differential pressure recovery rate is between the first effect threshold and the second effect threshold, the current parameters remain unchanged.

[0047] By adopting the above technical solution, the self-learning optimization module optimizes the weight coefficients β (deterioration acceleration coefficient) and λ (trend feedforward gain) as well as the dynamic threshold. The formula is adjusted in a closed loop according to the aging degree of the filter media and the actual cleaning effect, so that the formula always maintains the optimal sensitivity and the lowest false alarm rate throughout the entire life cycle (1 to 3 years), significantly reducing the frequency of intervention by maintenance personnel and solving the industry pain point that fixed parameter formulas gradually become ineffective as the filter media ages.

[0048] In this embodiment, the controller 7 also includes a trend prediction module. This module calculates the rate of change of the differential pressure over time, d(ΔP) / dt, and predicts the remaining time for the differential pressure to reach a second preset threshold based on the current differential pressure and the rate of change. When the remaining time is less than a first warning time threshold, a backwash warning signal is issued, alerting the operator that a backwash operation is about to be triggered. When the remaining time is less than a second warning time threshold, the backwash operation is triggered immediately. Through the above prediction and tiered warning mechanism, a shift from passive response to proactive prediction is achieved, preventing sudden equipment shutdowns caused by a sudden increase in differential pressure.

[0049] In this embodiment, the controller 7 also includes a feedback adjustment module. This module is used to collect the turbidity value of the backwash wastewater from the turbidity sensor 704 in real time during the air-water mixing cleaning stage and monitor its changing trend. Initially, the turbidity value of the backwash wastewater rises rapidly, indicating that a large amount of pollutants accumulated in the filter media layer 211 and filter rod 210 are being flushed out. As backwashing continues, the turbidity value of the backwash wastewater gradually decreases. When the turbidity value of the backwash wastewater continues to decrease and stabilizes below a preset termination threshold within a preset stabilization time, the feedback adjustment module determines that backwashing is complete and terminates the backwashing operation early to avoid excessive rinsing that could lead to water waste and filter media loss. The preset stabilization time is 10 to 30 seconds, and the preset termination threshold is 3 to 8 NTU.

[0050] In this embodiment, the controller 7 is further equipped with a water quality adaptive module and an inlet turbidity sensor 706. The inlet turbidity sensor 706 is connected to the controller 7 and is located inside the filter chamber 201, above the filter media layer 211, for collecting the turbidity value of the inlet water entering the filter chamber 201. The water quality adaptive module is used to obtain the inlet turbidity value and determine the water quality category based on the inlet turbidity value: when the inlet turbidity value is lower than the first water quality threshold, it is determined to be the first water quality category (low turbidity, high-quality water source), extending the backwash cycle and shortening the first preset time to reduce the backwash frequency; when the inlet turbidity value is between the first and second water quality thresholds, it is determined to be the second water quality category (normal water quality), and the normal operating parameters are maintained; when the inlet turbidity value is higher than the second water quality threshold, it is determined to be the third water quality category (high turbidity, poor water source), shortening the backwash cycle and extending the first preset time to enhance the backwash effect and ensure that the filtration performance is not affected. The first water quality threshold is 1 NTU to 3 NTU, and the second water quality threshold is 5 NTU to 10 NTU. When the water quality is classified as the first category, the backwash cycle is extended to 1.3 to 1.5 times the normal cycle, and the first preset time is shortened to 0.7 to 0.8 times the normal air rinsing time. Simultaneously, β and λ can be further reduced based on self-learning adjustment to reduce sensitivity to aging effects. When the water quality is classified as the third category, the backwash cycle is shortened to 0.6 to 0.7 times the normal cycle, and the first preset time is extended to 1.2 to 1.5 times the normal air rinsing time. Simultaneously, the sampling frequency of the data acquisition module is increased to 2 to 5 times the normal sampling frequency, and β and λ can be further increased based on self-learning adjustment to enhance sensitivity to sudden blockages.

[0051] In this embodiment, the controller 7 also includes a filter rod diagnostic module, which monitors the backwash water pressure value of the flushing water pressure sensor 705 during the backwashing process. During backwashing, the flushing water enters the second backwash inlet 205 through the second backwash branch pipe 506 and flows into the collection pipe 209, then is distributed to each filter rod 210, flushing the filter holes from the inside of the filter rod 210 outwards. The flushing water pressure sensor 705 is installed on the second backwash branch pipe 506 to collect the backwash water pressure value in real time. The filter rod diagnostic module monitors the backwash water pressure: when the backwash water pressure exceeds the first pressure threshold, it indicates excessive internal resistance in the water collection pipe 209 and filter rod 210, preventing backwash water from smoothly exiting through the filter holes of filter rod 210. This indicates a blockage in filter rod 210, and a filter rod maintenance reminder is output, prompting the operator to clean or replace filter rod 210. When the backwash water pressure is below the second pressure threshold, it indicates an abnormal pressure relief path within the water collection pipe 209 and filter rod 210, causing backwash water to leak directly from the damaged area. This indicates a damage to filter rod 210, and a filter rod repair reminder is output, prompting the operator to inspect and replace the damaged filter rod 210. The first pressure threshold is 0.4 MPa to 0.6 MPa, and the second pressure threshold is 0.05 MPa to 0.15 MPa. The filter rod diagnostic module also records the backwash water pressure value during each backwash and generates a historical trend curve. When the backwash water pressure value shows a continuous upward trend and approaches the first pressure threshold during multiple backwashes, it outputs an early preventative maintenance reminder for the filter rod. The filter rod diagnostic module also terminates the current backwash operation via controller 7 and shuts down the air and water supply units when it determines that the filter rod 210 is damaged, preventing a large amount of backwash water from leaking from the damaged filter rod 210 and wasting water resources.

[0052] It also includes a support frame 8, a disinfection component 1, a fine filtration component 2, a backwashing component 5, a circulating water supply component 6, and a controller 7, all of which are mounted on the support frame 8.

[0053] In this embodiment, the support frame 8 includes a square frame at the bottom and a rectangular three-dimensional frame fixed to one side of the top of the square frame. The disinfection component 1, the fine filtration component 2 and the controller 7 are installed on the rectangular three-dimensional frame, and the backwashing component 5 and the circulating water supply component 6 are installed on the square frame.

[0054] By adopting the above technical solution, the support frame 8 integrates the disinfection component 1, fine filtration component 2, backwashing component 5, circulating water supply component 6 and controller 7 into one integrated modular structure, which facilitates the transportation, installation and on-site placement of the equipment, while reducing the overall footprint of the equipment.

[0055] In this embodiment, an optional heating section is also included. The heating section is an independent chamber structure, which is connected between the second water outlet 202 of the filter chamber 201 and the water intake end of the circulating water supply component 6. The heating section integrates a constant temperature heating component and a temperature sensing module. Both the temperature sensing module and the constant temperature heating component are electrically connected to the controller 7 to realize real-time detection and automatic adjustment of water temperature.

[0056] Working principle: Normal filtering mode: Wastewater enters the wastewater disinfection chamber 101 through the wastewater inlet pipe 604 and the first inlet 105. It first passes through the filter screen 402 located directly below the first inlet 105, and then flows through the ultraviolet germicidal lamp 302 located below the filter screen 402. The ultraviolet germicidal lamp 302 irradiates and disinfects the water, decomposing bacteria and microorganisms in the water, thus completing the disinfection process. After disinfection, the water flows through the first outlet 102 into the guide channel 107, and is guided through the guide channel 107 through the second inlet 208 before entering the filter chamber 201. Once inside the filter chamber 201, the water flows downwards through the filter media layer 211, where suspended solids, colloids, and other fine impurities are trapped, completing fine filtration. The clean water that passes through the filter media layer 211 enters the water collection pipe 209, is collected by multiple filter rods 210 arranged in a "T" shape on the water collection pipe 209, and then flows into the main water collection pipe 602. The water then enters the inlet of the water pump 601 through the main water collection pipe 602, and is pressurized by the water pump 601 and then transported to the point of use through the clean water delivery pipe 603.

[0057] In normal filtration mode, the first valve 5041 is closed, cutting off the external water source of the backwash main water pipe 504; the second valve 5071 is closed, cutting off the backwash drain pipe 507; the fourth valve 5081 is closed, cutting off the second drain pipe 508; the fifth valve 6041 is open, keeping the sewage inlet pipe 604 unobstructed; the sixth valve 6061 is closed, cutting off the first drain pipe 606; the seventh valve 6071 is closed, cutting off the water supply pipe 607; the eighth valve 5031 is closed, cutting off the air supply to the air supply unit; and the ninth valve 6021 is open, keeping the main water collection pipe 602 unobstructed.

[0058] Backwash trigger judgment: During normal filtration, the data acquisition module collects the first pressure value from the first pressure sensor 701, the second pressure value from the second pressure sensor 702, and the effluent turbidity value from the effluent turbidity sensor 703 in real time. and cumulative equipment operating time The pressure difference ΔP is calculated based on the first and second pressure values.

[0059] The comprehensive judgment module calculates the comprehensive decision value in real time based on a nonlinear coupling formula. : ; When the comprehensive decision value Reaching the preset dynamic threshold When, or when the pressure difference ΔP alone reaches the second preset threshold, or when the effluent turbidity value When the third preset threshold is reached individually, or when the cumulative running time is reached... When the fourth preset threshold is reached on its own, the comprehensive judgment module triggers a backwashing operation.

[0060] The trend prediction module synchronously calculates the rate of change of the differential pressure value over time, d(ΔP) / dt, and predicts the remaining time before the differential pressure value reaches the second preset threshold. When the remaining time is less than the first warning time threshold, the trend prediction module issues a backwash warning signal; when the remaining time is less than the second warning time threshold, the trend prediction module immediately triggers the backwash operation.

[0061] Backwash mode: After the backwashing operation is triggered, the controller 7 first controls the ninth valve 6021 to close, cutting off the water path between the second outlet 202 and the water pump 601 to prevent backwash water from flowing back into the water pump 601. The controller 7 then controls the fifth valve 6041 to close, cutting off the sewage inlet pipe 604 and stopping the input of sewage into the sewage disinfection chamber 101.

[0062] The timing control module first executes the pure air washing stage: Controller 7 controls the opening of the eighth valve 5031, connecting the air supply unit and the filter chamber 201, and starts the air pump 501. The high-pressure gas generated by the air pump 501 is introduced into the backwash air port 203 through the high-pressure main air pipe 502 and the high-pressure branch air pipe 503, and then sprayed upward through the flushing holes on the backwash main water pipe 504 and the backwash branch pipe 510, entering the filter media layer 211. The high-pressure gas causes the glass sand filter media particles in the filter media layer 211 to generate high-frequency vibration and friction, tearing and peeling off the colloidal impurities and biofilm adhering to the surface of the sand particles. The pure air washing stage is maintained for a first preset time, which is 1.5 minutes to 2.5 minutes.

[0063] After the first preset time expires, the timing control module executes the air-water combined cleaning phase: Controller 7 controls the first valve 5041 to open, connecting the backwash main water pipe 504. External water enters through the backwash main water pipe 504 and splits into two paths. The first path enters the first backwash inlet 204 through the second backwash branch pipe 506, and then branches into the backwash main pipe 509. From the backwash main pipe 509, the water is distributed downwards to each backwash branch pipe 510, sprayed upwards through the flushing holes, and mixed with high-pressure gas to form an air-water mixture, performing a bottom-up combined cleaning of the filter media layer 211. The second path enters the second backwash inlet 205 and then the collection pipe 209. Within the collection pipe 209, the water is distributed downwards to each filter rod 210, flushing the filter holes from the inside out of the filter rod 210, flushing out the fine particles clogging the filter holes. The air-water combined cleaning phase is maintained for a second preset time, which is 3 to 5 minutes.

[0064] The air-water mixture, carrying contaminants washed from the filter media layer 211 and filter rod 210, rises to the top of the filter chamber 201 and is discharged outward through the backwash drain port 207 and backwash drain pipe 507. During this process, the controller 7 keeps the fourth valve 5081 closed to prevent backwash water from being short-circuited and discharged from the second drain port 206 at the lower end of the filter chamber 201.

[0065] During the air-water mixing cleaning stage, the feedback control module collects the turbidity value of the backwash wastewater from the turbidity sensor 704 in real time and monitors its changing trend. When the turbidity value of the backwash wastewater continues to decrease and stabilizes below the preset termination threshold within a preset stabilization time, the feedback control module determines that backwashing is complete and terminates the backwashing operation in advance. The preset stabilization time is 10 to 30 seconds, and the preset termination threshold is 3 NTU to 8 NTU.

[0066] After the air-water combined cleaning stage is completed, controller 7 shuts off air pump 501, controls the eighth valve 5031 to close, controls the first valve 5041 to close, and controls the second valve 5071 to close. The water in filter chamber 201 becomes still, and the filter media layer 211 naturally settles and resets under gravity for 1 to 2 minutes.

[0067] The controller 7 controls the fifth valve 6041 to open, restoring the water inlet to the sewage inlet pipe 604; controls the ninth valve 6021 to open, restoring the water path between the second outlet 202 and the water pump 601; and starts the water pump 601 to restore normal filtration operation.

[0068] During backwashing, the filter rod diagnostic module monitors the backwash water pressure value of the backwash water pressure sensor 705. When the backwash water pressure value exceeds the first pressure threshold, the filter rod diagnostic module determines that the filter rod 210 is clogged and outputs a filter rod maintenance reminder; when the backwash water pressure value is lower than the second pressure threshold, the filter rod diagnostic module determines that the filter rod 210 is damaged and outputs a filter rod repair reminder. The first pressure threshold is 0.4MPa to 0.6MPa, and the second pressure threshold is 0.05MPa to 0.15MPa. The filter rod diagnostic module also records the backwash water pressure value during each backwash and generates a historical trend curve. When the backwash water pressure value shows a continuous upward trend in multiple consecutive backwashes and approaches the first pressure threshold, a preventive maintenance reminder for the filter rod is output in advance.

[0069] After each backwash cycle, the self-learning optimization module records the differential pressure before and after the backwash and calculates the differential pressure recovery rate. Based on the differential pressure recovery rate, it dynamically adjusts the preset dynamic threshold for the next backwash cycle. And the values ​​of the weighting coefficients β and λ. When the differential pressure recovery rate is lower than the first effect threshold, increase β and λ and decrease them. When the differential pressure recovery rate is higher than the second effect threshold, decrease β and λ and increase them. Through the above adaptive adjustments, the equipment maintains optimal backwash trigger sensitivity and the lowest false alarm rate throughout its entire lifespan.

[0070] The foregoing description illustrates and describes several preferred embodiments of the present invention. However, as previously stated, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the forms disclosed herein and should not be construed as excluding other embodiments. It can be used in various other combinations, modifications, and environments, and can be altered within the scope of the inventive concept by means of the foregoing teachings or techniques or knowledge in related fields. Any modifications and variations made by those skilled in the art that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be within the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A water treatment device, characterized in that, include: Disinfection component (1) is used for preliminary filtration and sterilization of sewage; Fine filtration component (2) is connected to the disinfection component (1) and is used to finely filter the water treated by the disinfection component (1); The backwashing assembly (5) is connected to the fine filter assembly (2). The backwashing assembly (5) is used to backwash the fine filter assembly (2) to remove the contaminants accumulated inside the fine filter assembly (2). The circulating water supply component (6) is connected to the fine filtration component (2), and the circulating water supply component (6) is used to transport the clean water treated by the fine filtration component (2) to the outside. The controller (7) is electrically connected to the backwash assembly (5) and the circulating water supply assembly (6) respectively. The controller (7) is used to control the backwash assembly (5) to perform backwashing operations with different strategies and to control the start-up and stop and operation status of the circulating water supply assembly (6) according to the operating status of the fine filtration assembly (2). The controller (7) is also electrically connected to the air supply unit and water supply unit of the backwash assembly (5) and the flushing water pressure sensor (705) installed on the second backwash branch pipe (506). When performing the backwashing operation, the controller (7) first controls the air supply unit to turn on and maintain it for a first preset time, so that the filter layer (211) is in a gas-loose state. After the backwashing is completed, the water supply unit is turned on to form a gas-water mixture to clean the filter media layer (211) in combination. At the same time, the backwash water enters the water collection pipe (209) through the second backwash inlet (205) and flushes the filter holes of the filter rod (210) from the inside to the outside. During the backwashing process, the controller (7) dynamically adjusts the backwashing strategy according to the backwash water pressure value collected by the backwash water pressure sensor (705): when the backwash water pressure value exceeds the first pressure threshold, it is determined that the filter rod (210) is blocked and a maintenance reminder is output. When the backwash water pressure value is lower than the second pressure threshold, it is determined that the filter rod (210) is damaged and a maintenance reminder is output. The second pressure threshold is less than the first pressure threshold.

2. The water treatment equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The disinfection component (1) includes a sewage disinfection chamber (101). A first inlet (105) is provided on the upper side of one side of the sewage disinfection chamber (101). A first outlet (102) is provided on the lower side of the sewage disinfection chamber (101) away from the first inlet (105). A coarse filter (4) and a disinfection unit (3) are provided inside the sewage disinfection chamber (101). The coarse filter (4) is located directly below the first inlet (105), and the disinfection unit (3) is located below the coarse filter (4).

3. The water treatment equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fine filtration assembly (2) includes a filter chamber (201). A second inlet (208) is provided at the upper end of the filter chamber (201) near the wastewater disinfection chamber (101). A guide channel (107) is fixedly connected inside the first outlet (102). The end of the guide channel (107) away from the wastewater disinfection chamber (101) passes through the second inlet (208) and extends into the filter chamber (201). A second inlet (208) is provided at the lower end of one side of the filter chamber (201). The water outlet (202) has a water collection pipe (209) at the lower end of the filter chamber (201). Multiple filter rods (210) are connected to the water collection pipe (209). The filter rods (210) are distributed in a non-U shape on the water collection pipe (209). One end of the water collection pipe (209) is connected to the second water outlet (202). The filter chamber (201) has a filter media layer (211) inside. The water collection pipe (209) is located below the filter media layer (211).

4. The water treatment equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The water supply unit includes a backwash main water pipe (504) and a backwash drain pipe (507). Each filter chamber (201) has a backwash main pipe (509) at its lower end. Multiple backwash branch pipes (510) are connected to the backwash main pipe (509) at intervals. Both the backwash main pipe (509) and the backwash branch pipes (510) have flushing holes. The lower end of the filter chamber (201) away from the second outlet (202) is provided with a first backwash inlet (204) and a second backwash inlet (205). The first backwash inlet (204) is located at the lower end of the filter chamber (201) away from the second outlet (202). 4) One side of the first backwash inlet (204) is connected to one end of the backwash main pipe (509), and the other side of the first backwash inlet (204) is connected to the backwash main pipe (504) through the second backwash branch pipe (506). The end of the water collection pipe (209) away from the second outlet (202) is connected to one side of the second backwash inlet (205), and the other side of the second backwash inlet (205) is connected to the backwash main pipe (504) through the first backwash branch pipe (505). A first valve (5041) is installed on the backwash main pipe (504). The filter chamber (201) is provided with a backwash drain outlet (207) on the upper end of the side near the first backwash inlet (204). The backwash drain pipe (507) is connected to the backwash drain outlet (207), and a second valve (5071) is installed on the backwash drain pipe (507). The air supply unit includes an air pump (501), the air outlet of which is connected to a high-pressure main air pipe (502). A backwash air port (203) is provided on the side of the filter chamber (201) near the second water outlet (202). The high-pressure main air pipe (502) is connected to one side of the backwash air port (203) through a high-pressure branch air pipe (503). The end of the backwash main pipe (509) away from the first backwash water inlet (204) is connected to the other side of the backwash air port (203). An eighth valve (5031) and a one-way valve are sequentially provided on the high-pressure branch air pipe (503).

5. The water treatment equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The circulating water supply component (6) includes a water pump (601), the inlet of the water pump (601) is connected to a water collection main pipe (602), the second outlet (202) is connected to the water collection main pipe (602), a ninth valve (6021) is installed on the water collection main pipe (602), and the outlet of the water pump (601) is connected to a clean water delivery pipe (603).

6. The water treatment equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also includes a monitoring unit, which includes a first pressure sensor (701), a second pressure sensor (702), an effluent turbidity sensor (703), a backwash wastewater turbidity sensor (704), and a flushing water pressure sensor (705). The first pressure sensor (701) is disposed inside the filter chamber (201) and above the filter media layer (211) for collecting the inlet water pressure value of the filter chamber (201); The second pressure sensor (702) is located at the second outlet (202) and is used to collect the water pressure value of the filter chamber (201); the water turbidity sensor (703) is located at the second outlet (202) and is used to collect the water turbidity value of the filter chamber (201). The backwash wastewater turbidity sensor (704) is installed on the backwash drain pipe (507) and is used to collect the turbidity value of the backwash wastewater. The flushing water pressure sensor (705) is installed on the second backwash branch pipe (506) and is used to collect the water pressure value inside the water collection pipe (209) during backwashing; The first pressure sensor (701), the second pressure sensor (702), the effluent turbidity sensor (703), the backwash wastewater turbidity sensor (704), and the flushing water pressure sensor (705) are electrically connected to the controller (7).

7. A water treatment device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The controller (7) is equipped with a data acquisition module, a comprehensive judgment module and a self-learning optimization module. The data acquisition module is used to collect the first pressure value of the first pressure sensor (701), the second pressure value of the second pressure sensor (702), the turbidity value of the effluent from the turbidity sensor (703) and the cumulative running time of the equipment in real time. The comprehensive judgment module is used to calculate the pressure difference value based on the first pressure value and the second pressure value, and to calculate the comprehensive decision value based on the pressure difference value, the turbidity value of the effluent and the cumulative running time. When the comprehensive decision value reaches a preset dynamic threshold, or when the pressure difference value reaches a second preset threshold, or when the turbidity value of the effluent reaches a third preset threshold, or when the cumulative running time reaches a fourth preset threshold, the backwashing operation is triggered. The self-learning optimization module is used to record the pressure difference value before and after each backwash and calculate the pressure difference recovery rate. Based on the pressure difference recovery rate, the preset dynamic threshold and the weight coefficient used to calculate the comprehensive decision value are dynamically adjusted.

8. A water treatment device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The controller (7) is further provided with a trend prediction module. The trend prediction module is used to calculate the rate of change of the differential pressure value over time, and predict the remaining time for the differential pressure value to reach the second preset threshold based on the current differential pressure value and the rate of change. When the remaining time is less than the first warning time threshold, a backwash warning signal is issued. When the remaining time is less than the second warning time threshold, a backwash operation is triggered immediately.

9. A water treatment device according to claim 8, characterized in that: It also includes an inlet turbidity sensor (706), and the controller (7) is also equipped with a feedback adjustment module and a water quality adaptive module. The feedback adjustment module is used to collect the backwash wastewater turbidity value of the backwash wastewater turbidity sensor (704) in real time during the air-water mixing cleaning stage and monitor its changing trend. When the backwash wastewater turbidity value continues to decrease and is stable below the preset termination threshold within a preset stable time, the backwashing operation is terminated in advance. The inlet turbidity sensor (706) is electrically connected to the controller (7). The inlet turbidity sensor (706) is disposed inside the filter chamber (201) and above the filter media layer (211). The water quality adaptive module is used to obtain the influent turbidity value and determine the water quality category based on the influent turbidity value; When the water quality is classified as the first category, the backwashing cycle is extended and / or the first preset time is shortened. When the water quality is classified as the second category, the normal operating parameters are maintained; when the water quality is classified as the third category, the backwashing cycle is shortened and / or the first preset time is extended.

10. A water treatment device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The controller (7) is also equipped with a filter rod diagnostic module. The filter rod diagnostic module is used to monitor the backwash water pressure value of the flushing water pressure sensor (705) during the backwashing process and diagnose the status of the filter rod (210) according to the backwashing strategy. The filter rod diagnostic module is also used to: record the backwash water pressure value during each backwash and generate a historical trend curve. When the backwash water pressure value shows a continuous upward trend in multiple backwashes and approaches the first pressure threshold, it outputs a preventive maintenance reminder for the filter rod in advance. When it is determined that the filter rod (210) is damaged, the controller (7) terminates the current backwashing operation, shuts down the air supply unit and water supply unit, and prevents backwash water from leaking from the damaged area.

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