A mobile floating wetland for water purification and algal coordination control

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of water ecological restoration and algae eutrophication control, and discloses a mobile water purification and algae collaborative control floating wetland, which comprises a body, a purification assembly, a water lifting assembly and a power supply assembly, the body is arranged to float on a water body, the purification assembly is arranged on the body, the water lifting assembly is arranged on the body, the water lifting assembly is connected with the purification assembly, the power supply assembly is arranged on the body, and the power supply assembly is electrically connected with the water lifting assembly, the water lifting assembly breaks the temperature stratification of the water body, the low-temperature and oxygen-poor water body in the bottom layer is efficiently lifted to the surface layer, and the stable growth conditions of algae in the static water environment of the surface layer are destroyed; on the other hand, the water jump falling process increases the dissolved oxygen and improves the anoxic state of the bottom layer; at the same time, the surface water disturbance destroys the static water growth conditions of algae. The algae in the water body are controlled and the water quality is collaboratively purified.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of aquatic ecological restoration and algal eutrophication control technology, specifically to floating wetlands for mobile water purification and synergistic algal control. Background Technology

[0002] Algal blooms are localized algal expansions that occur when algal growth conditions are optimal and predation pressures are reduced. When specific microalgae (especially cyanobacteria) reach very high biomass during an bloom, it exhibits harmful characteristics. Eutrophication and seasonal algal blooms can lead to persistent problems such as blackening and foul odors or oxygen depletion in water bodies.

[0003] Current mainstream algae removal technologies mostly employ chemical agents (such as copper sulfate and aluminum salt flocculants) or physical equipment (such as ultrasonic algae removers and mechanical dredging vessels). While chemical methods are fast-acting, they are prone to causing secondary pollution and disrupting the food chain; physical methods are mostly emergency and passive treatments, making it difficult to organically combine them with the long-term restoration of aquatic ecosystems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a floating wetland for mobile water purification and synergistic algae control, in order to solve the problem that existing algae control technologies are difficult to achieve both ecological safety and sustainability.

[0005] This invention provides a mobile floating wetland for water purification and algae synergistic control, comprising a main body, a purification component, a water lifting component, and a power supply component. The main body floats on the water, the purification component is mounted on the main body, the water lifting component is mounted on the main body and connected to the purification component, and the power supply component is mounted on the main body and electrically connected to the water lifting component.

[0006] Beneficial effects: This invention breaks down water temperature stratification by using a water-lifting component, efficiently raising the low-temperature, oxygen-deficient water from the bottom layer to the surface, thus disrupting the stable growth conditions of algae in the still surface environment. On the other hand, the hydrostatic jump increases dissolved oxygen, improving the oxygen-deficient state at the bottom layer. Simultaneously, the disturbance of the surface water disrupts the conditions that algae prefer for still water growth. This achieves both algae control and synergistic water purification.

[0007] In one alternative embodiment, the purification component includes a capture and planting layer and a plant purification layer, wherein the capture and planting layer is disposed on the main body and the plant purification layer is disposed above the capture and planting layer.

[0008] Beneficial effects: The present invention has a capture and planting layer that can adhere to algae and support the deep root system of plants, while the upper plant purification layer can use the surface plant roots to inhibit algae and absorb nutrients.

[0009] In one alternative implementation, the plant purification layer is planted with emergent plants whose roots extend through the body into the water.

[0010] Beneficial effects: In this invention, the roots of emergent plants extend downward into the capture and planting layer, forming a root interception network. At the same time, allelochemicals in the root secretions inhibit algal growth, and the biofilm attached to the root surface further degrades residual algal toxins.

[0011] In one alternative embodiment, the purification component further includes an adsorption filter layer disposed between the capture and planting layer and the plant purification layer.

[0012] Beneficial effects: In this invention, the adsorption filter layer forms a pre-filter. Large algal flocs and suspended solids in the effluent from the water extraction component are intercepted here, significantly reducing the filtration load on the subsequent wetland substrate.

[0013] In one optional embodiment, the water lifting assembly includes a pump body, a flow guide shroud, and a water distribution pipe. The main body is provided with a through opening, the pump body is located at the through opening, the flow guide shroud is located at the bottom of the through opening, the water distribution pipe is located on the main body, one end of the water distribution pipe is connected to the pump body, and the water distribution pipe is provided with water distribution holes.

[0014] In one alternative implementation, the water distribution pipes are arranged radially on the body.

[0015] Beneficial effects: The annular water distribution pipe in this invention can achieve uniform water distribution and make full use of wetland space. The water distribution pipe can evenly distribute the water flow after pre-filtration to various areas of the floating wetland, effectively avoiding the short-flow and stagnant water problems common in traditional floating islands, ensuring that the wetland substrate and plant roots can fully perform their interception, adsorption and biodegradation functions, and improving the purification efficiency of wetland per unit area.

[0016] In one alternative implementation, the opening size of the fairing on the side furthest from the body is larger than the opening size on the side closest to the body.

[0017] Beneficial effects: The inverted conical flow guide of this invention has a wide opening facing downwards, and its interior forms a flow guide channel with a cross-sectional area that gradually expands from top to bottom. This causes the water flow inside the flow guide and in the wide opening area to present a vertically rising horizontal swirling circulation, which promotes the mixing of the surface water of the floating wetland with the deep water below the flow guide, thereby breaking the water temperature stratification and causing the low-temperature water at the bottom to continuously rise to the surface, thus disrupting the stable growth conditions of algae in the still water environment at the surface.

[0018] In one alternative implementation, the floating wetland for mobile water purification and algae synergistic control also includes a mobile anchor that is movably mounted on the main body.

[0019] Beneficial effects: After the floating wetland is moved to an area, it is fixed with a moving anchor to prevent it from deviating from the treatment area due to wind, water flow and other factors during the water treatment process.

[0020] In one alternative implementation, the floating wetland for mobile water purification and synergistic algae control further includes: Water quality sensor, the water quality sensor is installed on the main body; The intelligent control unit is located on the main body and is connected to the water quality sensor signal.

[0021] In one alternative implementation, the floating wetland for mobile water purification and algae synergistic control also includes an actuator mounted on the main body and signal-connected to an intelligent control unit.

[0022] Beneficial effects: This invention can move a floating wetland to an area with poor water quality detected by a water quality sensor via a drive, and then treat it without manual movement. It can automatically purify the water in the water body based on the detection results of the water quality sensor. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a top view of a floating wetland for mobile water purification and synergistic algae control according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a side cross-sectional view of a floating wetland for mobile water purification and synergistic algae control according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Main body; 2. Purification components; 201. Capture and planting layer; 202. Plant purification layer; 203. Adsorption and filtration layer; 3. Water lifting components; 301. Pump body; 302. Flow guide; 303. Water distribution pipe; 3031. Main water distribution pipe; 3032. Branch water distribution pipe; 4. Power supply components; 5. Movable anchor; 6. Water quality sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0026] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] Among related technologies, existing river and lake ecological governance technologies, especially in the fields of algae control and water purification, still have the following technical problems: 1. Traditional algae control technologies are not ecological, pose a risk of secondary pollution, or are only suitable for emergency situations.

[0028] 2. Traditional floating wetland systems are passive and lack proactive governance capabilities.

[0029] Traditional floating islands or floating wetlands primarily rely on the static absorption of nutrients by aquatic plants to suppress algae growth. However, their purification rate is slow, their impact area is small, and their function is limited. During the peak algae bloom season in the hot summer, the purification capacity of static floating islands often lags behind the exponential growth of algae, making proactive and rapid intervention impossible. Furthermore, most existing floating islands are fixed and anchored, making dynamic scheduling impossible based on the temporal and spatial variations in water quality, resulting in low treatment efficiency.

[0030] 3. There is a lack of ecological algae removal equipment on the market that combines ecological purification and algae control, and that does not require additional electricity.

[0031] 4. The pump-assisted reoxygenation system is separate from the ecological purification system, failing to achieve synergistic effects.

[0032] In river and lake management, wave generators are commonly used to improve oxygen deficiency at the bottom of the water body. However, ordinary wave generators can only achieve simple physical oxygenation and cannot effectively link with the microbial purification function of the rhizosphere of floating wetlands and the allelopathic algae-suppressing effect of plants.

[0033] 5. Lack of low-energy, intelligent integrated patrol and control solutions.

[0034] Large lakes and reservoirs have vast water areas, and algae often accumulate and bloom in localized sections of the shore or bays depending on wind direction. Existing fixed treatment facilities have a severely insufficient coverage, while manual or ship-based inspections are costly and inefficient. There is an urgent need for intelligent surface equipment that can move autonomously, sense online, and activate treatment functions on demand, thereby upgrading the management model from "passive waiting at fixed points" to "active mobile patrol and sweeping."

[0035] The following is combined Figures 1 to 2 The following describes embodiments of the present invention.

[0036] According to embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 1and Figure 2 As shown, a floating wetland for mobile water purification and algae synergistic control is provided, including a main body 1, a purification component 2, a water lifting component 3, and a power supply component 4. The main body 1 is floating on the water body, the purification component 2 is mounted on the main body 1, the water lifting component 3 is mounted on the main body 1 and connected to the purification component 2, and the power supply component 4 is mounted on the main body 1 and electrically connected to the water lifting component 3.

[0037] Specifically, in this embodiment, the main body 1 is not specifically limited. For example, in this embodiment, the main body 1 is disc-shaped with a radius of 4m to 6m and a floating wetland area of ​​about 50㎡ to 100㎡. The main body 1 is floating in the water. The purification component 2 is set on the top of the main body 1. A through opening is provided in the middle of the main body 1. The water lifting component 3 is installed at the through opening to lift the water at the bottom of the main body 1 to the purification component 2. The power supply component 4 is set on the side of the main body 1 to supply power to the water lifting component 3 so that the water in the water area forms a circulating water flow and oxygenates in the floating wetland.

[0038] In this embodiment, the power supply component 4 is not specifically limited. For example, in this embodiment, the power supply component 4 is a photovoltaic power generation device.

[0039] In this embodiment, the floating wetland with mobile water purification and algae synergistic control can be applied to water bodies that are partially closed or have poor water flow, such as urban landscape lakes or dead-end rivers, where water quality is polluted or cyanobacteria bloom in summer, or where routine water purification is needed or cyanobacteria bloom occurs.

[0040] This invention breaks down water temperature stratification by using a water-lifting component 3 to efficiently raise the low-temperature, oxygen-deficient water from the bottom layer to the surface, disrupting the stable growth conditions of algae in the still surface environment. Simultaneously, the water jump process increases dissolved oxygen, improving the oxygen-deficient state at the bottom layer. Furthermore, the disturbance of the surface water disrupts the algae's preference for still water growth. This achieves both algae control and synergistic water purification.

[0041] In one embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, the purification component 2 includes a capture and planting layer 201 and a plant purification layer 202. The capture and planting layer 201 is disposed on the main body 1, and the plant purification layer 202 is disposed above the capture and planting layer 201.

[0042] Specifically, in this embodiment, the main body 1 is a disc-shaped frame structure. The capture and planting layer 201 is composed of a porous polyester fiber (PET) bed with high porosity and microbial adhesion ability as a planting substrate for algae adhesion, forming an aerobic-anoxic-anaerobic gradient microenvironment inside. The capture and planting layer 201 is loaded with highly efficient degrading bacteria. The plant purification layer 202 utilizes the surface plant roots to inhibit algae and absorb nutrients.

[0043] The present invention provides a capture and planting layer 201 that can adhere to algae and support the deep root system of plants, while the upper plant purification layer 202 can utilize the surface plant roots to inhibit algae and absorb nutrients.

[0044] In one embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, the plant purification layer 202 is planted with emergent plants, whose roots extend through the main body 1 into the water.

[0045] Specifically, in this embodiment, when algae blooms, within the floating wetland area, plant roots directly contact the high-concentration algae water layer, releasing allelochemicals to suppress algae; at the same time, the water flow driven by the water lifting component 3 repeatedly flows through the fiber planting mat, utilizing the planting substrate and plant roots and their attached microbial film to adhere to and flocculate algal cells.

[0046] In this invention, the roots of emergent plants extend downward into the capture and planting layer 201 to form a root interception network. At the same time, allelochemicals in the root secretions inhibit algal growth, and the biofilm attached to the root surface further degrades residual algal toxins.

[0047] In one embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, the purification component 2 also includes an adsorption filter layer 203, which is disposed between the capture and planting layer 201 and the plant purification layer 202.

[0048] Specifically, in this embodiment, the main body 1 includes, from bottom to top, a capture and planting layer 201, an adsorption and filtration layer 203, and a plant purification layer 202. Water is lifted by the water-lifting component 3 and evenly distributed to the surface of the floating wetland. The plant purification layer 202 includes emergent plants planted on a planting substrate. Their roots extend downwards, penetrating the filler adsorption layer and entering the planting substrate decomposition layer, forming a root interception network. Simultaneously, allelochemicals in the root secretions inhibit algal growth, and the biofilm attached to the root surface further degrades residual algal toxins. The adsorption and filtration layer 203 captures and fixes algal cells and algal toxins in the water, carrying them with the water flow into the capture and planting layer 201 below. The capture and planting layer 201 is composed of a porous planting substrate with high porosity and microbial attachment ability, forming an aerobic-anoxic-anaerobic gradient microenvironment inside, and the substrate is loaded with highly efficient degradation bacteria. The adsorption and filtration layer 203 is filled with a filler composed of one or more combinations of modified biochar or lightweight ceramic particles. This filler captures and fixes algal cells and algal toxins in the water through physical adsorption, electrical neutralization and bridging flocculation. Under the aerobic / anaerobic metabolism of microorganisms, the algal toxins are mineralized into inorganic substances. Thus, a four-level synergistic algae removal chain of "adsorption-fixation-decomposition-interception" is formed.

[0049] In this embodiment, the adsorption filter layer 203 is disposed on the outer ring of the water lifting component 3. The adsorption filter layer 203 adopts a modular package with a stainless steel outer frame, which can be independently disassembled for cleaning or replacement.

[0050] In this invention, the adsorption filter layer 203 forms a pre-filter. Large algal flocs and suspended solids in the effluent from the water lifting component 3 are intercepted here, significantly reducing the filtration load on the subsequent wetland planting substrate.

[0051] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the water lifting assembly 3 includes a pump body 301, a flow guide shroud 302, and a water distribution pipe 303. The main body 1 is provided with a through opening, the pump body 301 is located at the through opening, the flow guide shroud 302 is located at the bottom of the through opening, and the water distribution pipe 303 is located on the main body 1. One end of the water distribution pipe 303 is connected to the pump body 301, and the water distribution pipe 303 is provided with water distribution holes.

[0052] Specifically, in this embodiment, the pump body 301 is located at the through opening. The pump body 301 is used to draw water from the bottom of the main body 1 to the plant purification layer 202. The guide hood 302 is located at the bottom of the through opening. The guide hood 302 guides the concentrated water flow drawn vertically upward to the surrounding area to avoid damage to the plant roots due to strong suction, while expanding the bottom circulation range. The water distribution pipe 303 is connected to the pump body 301 and is used to distribute the drawn water to the plant purification layer 202.

[0053] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, the water distribution pipe 303 is arranged radially on the main body 1.

[0054] Specifically, in this embodiment, the water distribution pipe 303 includes a main water distribution pipe 3031 and branch water distribution pipes 3032. Four water outlets are symmetrically arranged on the pump body 301. The four sets of main water distribution pipes 3031 are respectively connected to the water outlets. Several sets of parallel branch water distribution pipes 3032 are connected to the main water distribution pipes 3031. The branch water distribution pipes 3032 are buried at the bottom of the planting substrate and lightweight filler to form a radial water distribution pipe network 303.

[0055] In this embodiment, the diameter of the main water distribution pipe 3031 is DN1000 to DN150, and the diameter of the branch water distribution pipe 3032 is DN50, with 6mm perforated water distribution.

[0056] In this invention, the annular water distribution pipe 303 can achieve uniform water distribution and make full use of wetland space. The water distribution pipe 303 can evenly distribute the water flow after pre-filtration to various areas of the floating wetland, effectively avoiding the short-flow and stagnant water problems common in traditional floating islands, ensuring that the wetland substrate and plant roots can fully perform their interception, adsorption and biodegradation functions, and improving the purification efficiency of wetland per unit area.

[0057] In one embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, the opening size of the shield 302 on the side away from the main body 1 is larger than the opening size on the side closer to the main body 1.

[0058] Specifically, in this embodiment, the flow guide hood 302 has an inverted conical structure. A circulation diffusion component is provided around the wide end of the flow guide hood 302. The wide end of the flow guide hood 302 faces downward, and a flow channel with a gradually increasing cross-sectional area is formed inside it from top to bottom. Arc-shaped or spiral-shaped flow guide blades are evenly distributed along the circumference of the edge of the wide end, so that the water flow inside the flow guide hood 302 and the wide end area presents a vertically rising horizontal swirling circulation. The circulation diffusion component includes a diffusion disk, which is ring-shaped. The diffusion disk has flow guide blades with an axis at an angle of 15° to 25° with the horizontal plane, so that the water flow in the surface area of ​​the floating wetland is vertically downward → horizontally radiating flow → swirling and inclined upward flow, which promotes the mixing of the surface water of the floating wetland with the deep water in the lower part of the flow guide hood 302, thereby breaking the water temperature stratification, causing the low-temperature water at the bottom to continuously rise to the surface, and destroying the stable growth conditions of algae in the surface still water environment. Continuous water circulation, water diversion, water collection and distribution, and multi-layered interception ensure the effective functioning of floating wetlands in controlling algae and synergistic purification.

[0059] The inverted cone-shaped flow guide hood 302 of this invention has a wide opening facing downwards, and its interior forms a flow guide channel with a cross-sectional area that gradually expands from top to bottom. This causes the water flow inside the flow guide hood 302 and in the wide opening area to present a vertically rising horizontal swirling circulation, which promotes the mixing of the surface water of the floating wetland with the deep water below the flow guide hood 302. This breaks the water temperature stratification, allowing the low-temperature water at the bottom to continuously rise to the surface, thus disrupting the stable growth conditions of algae in the still water environment at the surface.

[0060] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the floating wetland for mobile water purification and algae synergistic control also includes a mobile anchor 5, which is movably mounted on the main body 1.

[0061] Specifically, in this embodiment, three sets of movable anchors 5 are provided. One end of the movable anchor 5 is attached to the main body 1, and the other end extends into the bottom of the water body. When it is necessary to move the floating wetland, the movable anchor 5 is lifted away from the bottom of the water body. After the floating wetland is moved to the target position, the movable anchor 5 is put back into the bottom of the water body.

[0062] The present invention moves the floating wetland to a certain area and then fixes the floating wetland with a movable anchor 5 to prevent it from deviating from the treatment area due to wind, water flow and other factors during the water treatment process.

[0063] In one embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, the floating wetland for mobile water purification and algae synergistic control also includes a water quality sensor 6 and an intelligent control unit. The water quality sensor 6 is installed on the main body 1, and the intelligent control unit is installed on the main body 1. The intelligent control unit is connected to the water quality sensor 6 via signal.

[0064] Specifically, in this embodiment, the control unit reads data such as algae density or chlorophyll detected by the water quality sensor 6 in real time. When it enters a certain area, if the algae control achieves the preset effect, it can provide feedback to the backend. The floating wetland is then moved to the next area to achieve mobile patrol-style algae control.

[0065] In one embodiment, the floating wetland for mobile water purification and algae synergistic control also includes an actuator mounted on the main body 1 and signal-connected to the intelligent control unit.

[0066] Specifically, in this embodiment, the actuator is located at the bottom of the main body 1, and the actuator can be a propeller or other propulsion device. After the current area is treated, the actuator can move the floating wetland to the area to be treated, realizing mobile patrol-style algae control.

[0067] In this embodiment, when the water quality sensor 6 detects that the water quality has improved or the content of algal cells and chlorophyll has decreased to the expected value (10~15μg / L), the mobile anchor 5 can be lifted as needed and towed to the next target area by an external boat, or the floating wetland can be moved to the next target area by a drive to continuously improve the water environment quality. It is particularly suitable for improving and maintaining the aquatic ecological environment of local slow-flowing or closed water bodies.

[0068] This invention can move a floating wetland to an area with poor water quality detected by the water quality sensor 6 via a driver for treatment. It can purify the water in the water body by itself based on the detection results of the water quality sensor 6 without manual movement.

[0069] Although embodiments of the invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and such modifications and variations all fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A mobile floating wetland for water purification and synergistic algae control, characterized in that, include: The main body (1) is floating on the water. Purification component (2), the purification component (2) is disposed on the main body (1); Water lifting component (3), the water lifting component (3) is disposed on the main body (1), and the water lifting component (3) is connected to the purification component (2); Power supply component (4) is disposed on the main body (1) and is electrically connected to the water lifting component (3).

2. The floating wetland for mobile water purification and synergistic algae control according to claim 1, characterized in that, The purification component (2) includes: A capture and planting layer (201) is disposed on the body (1); A plant purification layer (202) is disposed above the capture and planting layer (201).

3. The floating wetland for mobile water purification and synergistic algae control according to claim 2, characterized in that, The plant purification layer (202) is planted with emergent plants, whose roots extend through the body (1) into the water.

4. The floating wetland for mobile water purification and synergistic algae control according to claim 2, characterized in that, The purification component (2) also includes: An adsorption filter layer (203) is disposed between the capture and planting layer (201) and the plant purification layer (202).

5. The floating wetland for mobile water purification and synergistic algae control according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The water lifting component (3) includes: Pump body (301), the main body (1) is provided with a through opening, and the pump body (301) is located at the through opening; A flow guide (302) is disposed at the bottom of the through opening; Water distribution pipe (303) is installed on the main body (1). One end of the water distribution pipe (303) is connected to the pump body (301). Water distribution holes are provided on the water distribution pipe (303).

6. The floating wetland for mobile water purification and synergistic algae control according to claim 5, characterized in that, The water distribution pipe (303) is arranged radially on the main body (1).

7. The floating wetland for mobile water purification and synergistic algae control according to claim 5, characterized in that, The opening size of the shroud (302) on the side away from the body (1) is larger than the opening size on the side closer to the body (1).

8. The floating wetland for mobile water purification and synergistic algae control according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A movable anchor (5) is movably mounted on the body (1).

9. The floating wetland for mobile water purification and synergistic algae control according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A water quality sensor (6) is disposed on the main body (1); The intelligent control unit is mounted on the main body (1) and is connected to the water quality sensor (6) via signal connection.

10. The floating wetland for mobile water purification and synergistic algae control according to claim 9, characterized in that, Also includes: A driver is mounted on the main body (1) and is signal-connected to the intelligent control unit.

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