A sprayable protective coating and method of making and using same

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of power equipment protection, in particular to an insulating anti-pollution flashover anti-bird hazard spraying protective coating for construction in a power-off state, a preparation method and application thereof, comprising the following components in parts by weight: modified epoxy-silicone-polyurethane composite base material 35-50 parts, multifunctional synergistic filler 20-30 parts, environment-friendly long-acting anti-bird additive 4-9 parts, low-temperature curing agent 3-7 parts, hydrophobic and oleophobic self-cleaning additive 1.5-4 parts, bacteriostatic and algae-resistant additive 0.8-2.5 parts, adhesion promoter 1-3 parts, dispersing agent 0.8-1.8 parts, leveling agent 0.4-1.2 parts, defoaming agent 0.2-0.8 parts and environment-friendly diluent 6-12 parts. The spraying protective coating has the five functions of enhanced insulation, efficient anti-pollution flashover, long-acting anti-bird hazard, hydrophobic and oleophobic self-cleaning, bacteriostatic and algae-resistant, and can be simultaneously adapted to power equipment in different scenes such as substations, 10kV distribution network lines and power transmission and transformation lines.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power equipment protection technology, and in particular to an insulating, anti-pollution flashover and anti-bird damage spray-on protective coating for construction under power outage conditions, its preparation method and application, which is specifically suitable for power facilities such as substations, 10kV distribution lines, and transmission and transformation lines. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous expansion and upgrading of the power system, power facilities such as substations, 10kV distribution lines, and transmission and transformation lines are exposed to complex outdoor environments for a long time. Affected by multiple factors such as dust, oil pollution, rain, snow, and bird activity, the external insulation surface of the equipment is prone to problems such as decreased insulation performance, flashover, and bird damage, which seriously affect the safe and stable operation of the power system.

[0003] Power outage maintenance is one of the important means of routine protection for electrical equipment. By applying protective coatings during power outages, a comprehensive and thorough upgrade of equipment protection can be achieved. However, existing spray coatings designed for power outage construction have many technical limitations, making it difficult to meet the needs for long-term, comprehensive protection.

[0004] For example, conventional power outage insulation coatings use single epoxy resin or silicone resin as the base material, and their design focuses only on improving insulation performance, without taking into account anti-pollution flashover and bird damage functions. Due to the lack of synergistic design of functional components, the coating has poor weather resistance and pollution resistance. Long-term outdoor use is prone to dirt accumulation, aging, and cracking, and cannot effectively resist complex polluted environments. At the same time, the coating has insufficient adhesion to the surface of power equipment, is easy to fall off, and is difficult to achieve long-term protection.

[0005] Anti-flashover coatings for power outages often employ a single hydrophobic component to enhance their anti-flashover performance, but their insulation performance improvement is limited, and they lack bird protection. For example, Chinese patent CN107903813A discloses an anti-flashover coating for insulators in transmission lines, using fluorosilicone resin and acrylic aqueous dispersion resin as base materials. While it exhibits good water resistance, this coating lacks anti-corrosion and bird protection functions, and its slow curing speed leads to excessively long power outage construction periods, severely impacting power restoration. Another Chinese patent CN116855169B discloses a nanocomposite coating material for anti-flashover on insulator surfaces, using room temperature vulcanizing silicone rubber as a base material. Although its hydrophobic angle can reach 145.11°, its curing time is as long as 40-50 hours, clearly unsuitable for the rapid power restoration requirements of power outage construction. In addition, the aforementioned anti-flashover coatings mostly rely on a single hydrophobic component, which makes the surface prone to dirt accumulation, algae and mold growth, and the hydrophobicity easily decreases with aging, making them particularly unsuitable for complex pollution scenarios such as oil pollution and industrial dust near substations.

[0006] Bird-repellent power coatings have even more serious drawbacks. Existing bird-repellent coatings mostly use toxic and irritating ingredients such as realgar and sulfur to repel birds. This not only pollutes the environment and corrodes the surface of equipment, but also has poor compatibility with the insulation system. After spraying, it can actually reduce the insulation performance of the equipment. It cannot simultaneously achieve bird repellency, insulation, and anti-flashover functions. At the same time, it is not suitable for the long-term protection requirements of power outage construction, and the bird-repelling effect is easily reduced by rainwater washing and ultraviolet radiation.

[0007] Existing technologies generally suffer from poor coating durability and adhesion. The aforementioned coatings exhibit insufficient adhesion to power equipment (metal, ceramic, glass, and other substrates), leading to easy peeling and cracking during long-term outdoor use. They also exhibit poor resistance to high and low temperature cycling, salt spray, and UV aging, with a service life typically of only 3-5 years, requiring frequent recoating maintenance. Furthermore, existing coatings are mostly designed for single types of power equipment and cannot simultaneously adapt to different scenarios such as substations, 10kV distribution lines, and transmission lines. Their ability to adapt to different substrates is also insufficient, resulting in poor versatility.

[0008] In view of this, the present invention is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The purpose of this invention is to provide a sprayable protective coating, its preparation method and application. The sprayable protective coating of this invention has five functions: enhanced insulation, high-efficiency anti-flashover, long-term bird protection, hydrophobic and oleophobic self-cleaning, and antibacterial and anti-algae properties. It can be adapted to power equipment in different scenarios such as substations, 10kV distribution lines, and transmission and transformation lines.

[0010] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a sprayable protective coating comprising the following components in parts by weight: The product contains 35-50 parts of modified epoxy-silicone-polyurethane composite base material, 20-30 parts of multifunctional synergistic filler, 4-9 parts of environmentally friendly long-lasting bird-repellent agent, 3-7 parts of low-temperature curing agent, 1.5-4 parts of hydrophobic and oleophobic self-cleaning agent, 0.8-2.5 parts of antibacterial and anti-algae agent, 1-3 parts of adhesion promoter, 0.8-1.8 parts of dispersant, 0.4-1.2 parts of leveling agent, 0.2-0.8 parts of defoamer, and 6-12 parts of environmentally friendly diluent.

[0011] The sprayable protective coating of this invention can be applied during power outages, significantly enhancing the surface insulation performance of power equipment, improving the anti-flashover level, achieving long-term bird damage protection, delaying equipment aging, extending the service life of power facilities, adapting to on-site spraying scenarios under power outage conditions, balancing construction convenience and protective durability, and applicable to the maintenance and protection of power equipment with voltage levels of 10kV and above during power outages.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of this technical solution, the raw materials of the modified epoxy-silicone-polyurethane composite matrix include epoxy resin, silicone resin and polyurethane resin, and the mass ratio of epoxy resin, silicone resin and polyurethane resin is 5:3:2.

[0013] Among them, epoxy resin possesses excellent insulation properties and mechanical strength, ensuring the coating has good insulation protection capabilities, thus meeting the insulation requirements of 10kV and above power equipment; silicone resin optimizes the coating's hydrophobicity, weather resistance, and flexibility, reducing the risk of coating cracking and aging, and adapting to complex outdoor environments; polyurethane resin improves the adhesion of the coating to different substrates such as metals, ceramics, and glass, solving the problems of poor adhesion and easy peeling of existing coatings. Therefore, the composite base material of this invention adopts a three-component composite modification of epoxy-silicone-polyurethane, which can synergistically improve the coating's adhesion, insulation, and weather resistance, making the coating suitable for the long-term protection needs of power outage construction.

[0014] More preferably, the preparation method of the modified epoxy-silicone-polyurethane composite matrix includes: mixing epoxy resin, silicone resin and polyurethane resin in a mass ratio of 5:3:2, adding a modifier accounting for 2-4% of the total mass of the composite matrix, stirring and reacting at 70-90℃ and 250-400r / min for 1.5-2.5h, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the modified epoxy-silicone-polyurethane composite matrix.

[0015] More preferably, the modifier is γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane.

[0016] γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane can not only achieve chemical bonding of the three components, solving the problems of phase separation and poor compatibility of existing composite matrix materials, and forming a stable three-dimensional cross-linked network structure, but also improve the bonding force between the matrix material and fillers and additives, achieving a synergistic improvement in insulation, weather resistance and adhesion.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment of this technical solution, the multifunctional synergistic filler is composed of modified montmorillonite, nano titanium dioxide, nano zinc oxide and hollow glass microspheres in a mass ratio of 4:3:2:1.

[0018] Among them, modified montmorillonite possesses an excellent layered structure, which, when uniformly dispersed in the base material, can form a nanoscale insulating barrier, hindering electron migration and significantly improving the insulation and corona resistance of the coating. Simultaneously, it enhances the density of the coating and reduces contaminant penetration. Nano-titanium dioxide exhibits excellent UV resistance and photocatalytic self-cleaning properties, decomposing surface contaminants and preventing UV damage to the molecular chains of the base material, thus improving the coating's weather resistance and self-cleaning performance. Nano-zinc oxide not only helps improve insulation performance but also enhances the antibacterial and anti-algae effects of the coating, working synergistically with antibacterial and anti-algae additives to inhibit microbial growth. Hollow glass microspheres can reduce coating density, improve coating flexibility and impact resistance, while reducing coating usage and construction costs, without affecting the coating's insulation and anti-flashover properties. The filler of this invention effectively solves the problems of poor synergy and limited functionality of existing fillers.

[0019] More preferably, the modified montmorillonite is silane coupling agent modified montmorillonite; More preferably, the silane coupling agent is KH-570; More preferably, the modified montmorillonite is prepared by adding montmorillonite to deionized water to prepare a dispersion with a concentration of 8 wt%, adding 2.5% of silane coupling agent KH-570 by mass of montmorillonite, stirring and reacting at 55℃ and 280 r / min for 1.5 h, centrifuging, and vacuum drying (70℃, 1 h) to obtain modified montmorillonite.

[0020] More preferably, the particle size of the nano-titanium dioxide is 30-80 nm; More preferably, the particle size of the nano-zinc oxide is 40-90 nm; More preferably, the hollow glass microspheres have a particle size of 100-200 nm.

[0021] As a preferred embodiment of this technical solution, the hydrophobic and oleophobic self-cleaning agent is composed of perfluorooctyltriethoxysilane and polydimethylsiloxane in a mass ratio of 1:3.

[0022] Among them, perfluorooctyltriethoxysilane can form a low surface energy hydrophobic layer on the coating surface, resulting in a static water contact angle ≥155° and a roll-off angle ≤8°, enabling water droplets to roll off quickly and carry away surface dust. Polydimethylsiloxane optimizes the coating's oleophobic properties, effectively repelling oil, industrial grease, and other contaminants, avoiding the degradation of insulation performance and the risk of flashover caused by oil adhesion. The synergistic effect of these two components endows the coating with a triple effect of hydrophobicity, oleophobicity, and self-cleaning, reducing surface contamination and maintaining anti-flashover performance for a long time, thus solving the problems of existing anti-flashover coatings being susceptible to oil contamination and lacking long-term effectiveness.

[0023] Therefore, the hydrophobic and oleophobic self-cleaning agent of the present invention can construct a dual-effect system of "hydrophobic-oleophobic", which is suitable for complex pollution scenarios such as oil pollution in substations and industrial dust.

[0024] In the sprayable protective coating of the present invention, the modified epoxy-organic silicone-polyurethane composite base material is mainly used to provide an insulating skeleton, while the quaternary synergistic filler can construct a micro-nano rough structure and form an insulating barrier. The hydrophobic and oleophobic additives are used to further reduce the surface energy. The three work together to make the coating have excellent insulation performance (breakdown strength ≥40kV / mm), superhydrophobic performance (contact angle ≥155) and oleophobic performance (level 5). A single spraying can meet the dual requirements of insulation and anti-pollution flashover.

[0025] Specifically, epoxy resin provides high mechanical strength and excellent insulation properties, forming the rigid framework of the coating; silicone resin imparts flexibility and hydrophobicity to the coating, relieving internal stress; and polyurethane resin provides high adhesion, ensuring a tight bond between the coating and the substrate. After chemical modification with KH-550, these three components form a three-dimensional cross-linked network, providing ample anchoring sites for the filler.

[0026] Meanwhile, the layered structure of modified montmorillonite is oriented within the matrix, forming a physical barrier and significantly extending the penetration path of corrosive media. Nano-titanium dioxide and nano-zinc oxide fill the micropores of the matrix network, further densifying the coating structure. Hollow glass microspheres act as stress buffers, preventing the coating from cracking under thermal expansion and contraction or external impact. The matrix provides a continuous phase and binding force, while the fillers provide reinforcing phase and functional impartation; together, they enable the coating to possess both high insulation strength and excellent mechanical properties.

[0027] The perfluorooctyltriethoxysilane and polydimethylsiloxane in the hydrophobic and oleophobic self-cleaning additives can uniformly coat the raised surface of the filler, reducing the surface energy of the coating. Furthermore, the -Si-O-Si- backbone of polydimethylsiloxane possesses excellent oleophobic properties, while the rough structure provided by the filler further amplifies the oleophobic effect, enabling the coating to achieve a level 5 repulsion rating against typical power equipment oil contaminants such as transformer oil and lubricating oil. This overcomes the deficiency of existing anti-flashover coatings that are "only hydrophobic but not oleophobic."

[0028] As a preferred embodiment of this technical solution, the raw materials of the environmentally friendly long-lasting bird-repelling additive are compounded from citral sustained-release microcapsules, citronellol sustained-release microcapsules and nano titanium dioxide reflective particles in a mass ratio of 3:3:4.

[0029] Among them, citral slow-release microcapsules and citronellol slow-release microcapsules can slowly release a mild, irritating odor, which slightly stimulates the olfactory system of birds, achieving a gentle repellency. The slow-release period lasts for more than 8 years, effectively avoiding the attenuation of bird-repelling effects caused by rain erosion and ultraviolet radiation. Meanwhile, nano-titanium dioxide reflective particles can generate strong diffuse reflection light under sunlight, stimulating the visual system of birds and assisting in the bird-repelling effect. It has a good repelling effect on common pest birds such as sparrows, pigeons, and magpies. Therefore, the environmentally friendly long-lasting bird-repelling additive of this invention adopts a dual environmentally friendly bird-repelling design of "odor slow-release + visual stimulation," solving the problems of existing bird-repelling coatings being toxic, having short-lived effects, and being incompatible with insulation systems. It achieves the integration of bird-repelling function and insulation protection, and its bird-repelling longevity far exceeds that of existing products.

[0030] More preferably, the wall material of both the citral sustained-release microcapsules and the citronellol sustained-release microcapsules is polylactic acid, which is biodegradable.

[0031] More preferably, the particle size of the nano-titanium dioxide reflective particles is 50-100 nm.

[0032] More preferably, the preparation method of the citral sustained-release microcapsules and the citronellol sustained-release microcapsules is as follows: Polylactic acid: citral (or citronellol): polyethylene glycol are mixed in a mass ratio of 5:3:2. Polylactic acid is dissolved in dichloromethane, and citral (or citronellol) and polyethylene glycol are added. After stirring evenly, microcapsules are prepared by spray drying (inlet temperature 120℃, outlet temperature 60℃). The microcapsules are collected and vacuum dried (50℃, 1.5h) to obtain citral sustained-release microcapsules and / or citronellol sustained-release microcapsules.

[0033] As a preferred embodiment of this technical solution, the low-temperature curing agent is a mixture of adipate dihydrazide and microencapsulated curing accelerator in a mass ratio of 5:1.

[0034] Among them, adipic acid dihydrazide can react with epoxy groups and hydroxyl groups in the composite matrix to form a dense cross-linked network, improving the density, insulation performance and durability of the coating; while the microencapsulated curing accelerator can slowly release curing promoting components under low temperature conditions of 60-80℃, controlling the curing speed of the coating to 1-2 hours, which avoids coating sagging and pinhole defects caused by excessive curing, and also avoids prolonged power outage time due to excessively slow curing, thus adapting to the time requirements of power outage construction; at the same time, no toxic or harmful substances are released during the curing process, making it environmentally friendly and pollution-free, and the cured coating does not shrink or crack, solving the problems of unreasonable curing speed and poor coating quality of existing power outage coatings.

[0035] More preferably, the wall material of the microencapsulation curing accelerator is polyethylene glycol.

[0036] More preferably, the preparation method of the microencapsulation curing accelerator is as follows: the polyethylene glycol: 2-methylimidazole: Tween-80 are mixed in a mass ratio of 6:3:1. The polyethylene glycol is heated to melt (80°C), 2-methylimidazole and Tween-80 are added, and after stirring evenly, microcapsules are prepared by cooling spray method. After cooling to room temperature, the microcapsules are collected and vacuum dried (55°C, 1h) to obtain the microencapsulation curing accelerator.

[0037] As a preferred embodiment of this technical solution, the antibacterial and anti-algae agent is composed of nano zinc oxide and chitosan in a mass ratio of 2:1.

[0038] Compared to single silver ion antibacterial agents, the antibacterial and anti-algae additive of this invention has a longer-lasting antibacterial effect and is environmentally friendly and non-toxic. It can effectively inhibit the growth of microorganisms such as Aspergillus niger, Chlorella vulgaris, and Escherichia coli, avoiding coating aging, decreased insulation performance, and surface contamination caused by microbial growth. It is suitable for environments that are prone to microbial growth, such as high temperature and humidity, dense vegetation, and industrial pollution. In synergy with nano zinc oxide in the multifunctional co-filler, it can further enhance the antibacterial and anti-algae effect, making up for the lack of antibacterial function in existing anti-flashover coatings.

[0039] More preferably, the particle size of the nano zinc oxide is 20-50 nm.

[0040] As a preferred embodiment of this technical solution, the adhesion promoter is a compound of silane coupling agent KH-590 and titanate coupling agent in a mass ratio of 3:2.

[0041] The adhesion promoter of this invention is a compound of silane coupling agent KH-590 and titanate coupling agent, which can effectively improve the adhesion of the coating to different substrates such as metal, ceramic, and glass, solving the problems of poor adhesion and easy peeling of existing coatings during power outages. Specifically, silane coupling agent KH-590 enhances the bonding force between the coating and inorganic substrates (ceramics, glass), while titanate coupling agent enhances the bonding force between the coating and metal substrates (copper, aluminum, iron). The synergistic effect of both ensures that the coating can be tightly bonded to the surface of different substrates, with an adhesion strength ≥5MPa, preventing coating peeling and cracking in complex outdoor environments.

[0042] As a preferred embodiment of this technical solution, the dispersant is a polyether phosphate ester, which can effectively ensure that fillers, bird-repellent additives, antibacterial and anti-algae additives are uniformly dispersed in the base material, avoid agglomeration, and improve the stability and uniformity of the coating.

[0043] As a preferred embodiment of this technical solution, the leveling agent is a polyether-modified silicone, which can optimize the leveling properties of the coating, avoid defects such as sagging, pinholes, and orange peel during the spraying process, and ensure that the coating surface is smooth and dense.

[0044] As a preferred embodiment of this technical solution, the defoamer is a polyether, which can eliminate bubbles generated during the preparation and spraying of the coating, improve the density of the coating, and ensure insulation performance and anti-flashover performance.

[0045] The synergistic effect of dispersants, leveling agents, and defoamers can optimize the application performance of coatings and adapt to the spraying process requirements at power outage sites.

[0046] As a preferred embodiment of this technical solution, the environmentally friendly diluent is a mixture of butyl acetate and ethanol in a mass ratio of 3:2.

[0047] The environmentally friendly thinner of this invention is environmentally friendly and non-toxic, with moderate volatility. It can adjust the viscosity of the coating to 20-30s (Ford Cup 4, 25°C), ensuring that the coating can be smoothly atomized and sprayed. Moreover, the thinner leaves no residue or toxic or harmful substances after evaporation, and does not affect the coating performance or the environment. It is suitable for construction environments at power outage sites, while avoiding harm to construction personnel.

[0048] Secondly, the present invention also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned sprayable protective coating, specifically including the following steps: S1. Add the modified epoxy-silicone-polyurethane composite base material to the mixing tank and stir at 180-280 r / min at room temperature. Add the dispersant, leveling agent, and defoamer, and stir for 8-12 min to mix evenly, ensuring that the additives are completely dissolved in the base material. S2. Slowly add the multifunctional synergistic filler (modified montmorillonite, nano titanium dioxide, nano zinc oxide, hollow glass microspheres) into the stirred tank, heat to 45-55℃, stir at 350-450r / min for 25-35min, and then grind with a sand mill for 10-15min (grinding fineness ≤50μm) to ensure that the filler is uniformly dispersed and free from agglomeration; S3. Cool to room temperature, add environmentally friendly long-lasting bird-repellent agent, antibacterial and anti-algae agent, and adhesion promoter. Stir at 280-380 r / min for 18-22 min to fully integrate the additives with the base material and filler, and ensure that the functional components are evenly distributed. S4. Add low-temperature curing agent and environmentally friendly thinner, stir at 180-280 r / min for 12-18 min, mix evenly, filter through a 120-150 mesh filter to remove impurities and agglomerated particles, and obtain the finished coating. Seal and store for later use.

[0049] Thirdly, the present invention also discloses the application of the above-mentioned sprayable protective coating in the field of power equipment protection, specifically including the following steps: T1. After the power equipment is de-energized, clean the surface of the equipment to remove dust, oil, rust, old coatings and other impurities, and ensure that the surface of the equipment is dry and clean (surface moisture content ≤0.5%). T2. Using conventional spraying equipment (no insulation modification required), pour the finished coating into the spraying equipment, adjust the spraying pressure to 0.4-0.6MPa, control the spraying distance at 40-60cm, control the spraying thickness at 100-150μm, and spray evenly on the equipment surface. Two sprayings can be performed according to the protection requirements (with an interval of 30-40min). T3. After spraying, use a low-temperature baking device (temperature 60-80℃) to bake for 30-60 minutes to accelerate the curing of the coating and ensure that the coating is completely cured (curing degree ≥95%). If there is no baking device on site, it can be naturally cured at room temperature for 1-2 hours to complete the protective construction. T4. After curing, perform a visual inspection of the coating to ensure that there are no defects such as pinholes, runs, cracks, or peeling before restoring power to the equipment.

[0050] The viscosity of the sprayable protective coating of this invention is compatible with conventional spraying equipment, and it atomizes uniformly without defects such as pinholes or sagging. The curing speed is controllable (1-2 hours), which avoids prolonging power outage time and ensures the quality of coating curing. It can be cured by either low-temperature baking or room temperature curing, adapting to different on-site construction conditions. No insulation modification of the spraying equipment is required, the construction process is simple, and the construction difficulty is reduced.

[0051] The sprayable protective coating of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: 1. The sprayable protective coating of this invention possesses five functions simultaneously: enhanced insulation, highly efficient anti-flashover protection, long-lasting bird protection, hydrophobic and oleophobic self-cleaning properties, and antibacterial and anti-algae properties. The volume resistivity of the coating is ≥1×10⁻⁶. 15 With a strength of Ω·cm and a breakdown strength of ≥40kV / mm, its insulation performance far exceeds that of existing power outage coatings, meeting the insulation requirements of 10kV and above power equipment; a static water contact angle of ≥155°, an oleophobic rating of Class 5, and a pollution flashover protection rating of Class V, effectively resisting pollutants such as dust and oil, and preventing pollution flashover accidents; a bird deterrent rate of ≥95%, with a bird deterrent effect that can be maintained for more than 8 years, eliminating the need for additional bird deterrent devices; and an antibacterial rate of ≥99.5%, effectively inhibiting the growth of microorganisms and adapting to complex outdoor pollution environments.

[0052] 2. The modified epoxy-organic silicone-polyurethane composite base material of the sprayable protective coating of the present invention can form a stable three-dimensional cross-linked network structure, and the filler and the base material are tightly bonded. Therefore, the coating of the sprayable protective coating of the present invention has an adhesion of ≥5MPa to different substrates (metal, ceramic, glass) and a tensile strength of ≥3.5MPa. It can resist the erosion of complex environments such as high and low temperature cycles (-45℃ to 85℃), rainstorms, sandstorms, and salt spray. It can withstand salt spray for more than 1500 hours and artificial accelerated aging for 8000 hours without yellowing, cracking, or peeling. Its service life can reach more than 20 years, which is far superior to existing power outage coatings.

[0053] 3. The sprayable protective coating of the present invention can be adapted to power equipment in different scenarios such as substations, 10kV distribution lines, and power transmission and transformation lines. It can also be stably adhered to different substrates such as metal, ceramics, and glass. There is no need to formulate coatings separately for different scenarios and different substrates, which greatly reduces the complexity of construction and material inventory costs.

[0054] 4. All components of the spray-on protective coating of the present invention are environmentally friendly, non-toxic, and biodegradable materials. No toxic or harmful substances are released, and it does not pollute the soil, water sources, or air. It does not corrode the surface of electrical equipment, and there is no irritating odor during construction. It does not harm construction personnel or the ecological environment. Attached Figure Description

[0055] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0056] Figure 1 This invention relates to a method for preparing a sprayable protective coating; Figure 2 This invention relates to a method for applying a spray-on protective coating. Detailed Implementation

[0057] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are illustrative and intended to provide further explanation of this application. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains.

[0058] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular implementations only and is not intended to limit the exemplary implementations according to this application. As used herein, the singular form includes the plural form unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this description, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0059] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0060] Example 1 This embodiment provides an insulating, anti-pollution flashover, and bird-damage-preventing spray coating suitable for conventional outdoor scenarios such as substations, 10kV distribution networks, and transmission lines, comprising the following components in parts by weight: 42 parts of modified epoxy-organic silicone-polyurethane composite matrix; Multifunctional synergistic filler (25 parts): 10 parts modified montmorillonite, 7.5 parts nano titanium dioxide, 5 parts nano zinc oxide, and 2.5 parts hollow glass microspheres; Environmentally friendly long-lasting bird-repelling additive (6 parts): 1.8 parts citral sustained-release microcapsules, 1.8 parts citronellol sustained-release microcapsules, and 2.4 parts nano titanium dioxide reflective particles; 5 parts low-temperature curing agent; 4.2 parts adipic acid dihydrazide; 0.8 parts microencapsulation curing accelerator; 2.5 parts of hydrophobic and oleophobic self-cleaning agent: 0.625 parts of perfluorooctyltriethoxysilane and 1.875 parts of polydimethylsiloxane; Antibacterial and anti-algae agent 1.5 parts: nano zinc oxide 1 part, chitosan 0.5 parts; 2 parts adhesion promoter; 1.2 parts silane coupling agent KH-5901; 0.8 parts titanate coupling agent; Dispersant 1.2 parts: polyether phosphate ester; Leveling agent 0.8 parts: polyether-modified silicone; 0.5 parts of defoamer: polyether-based; 9 parts of environmentally friendly diluent: 5.4 parts of butyl acetate and 3.6 parts of ethanol.

[0061] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned insulating, anti-pollution flashover, and anti-bird-damage spray coating, including the following steps: S1. Add 42 parts of modified epoxy-organic silicone-polyurethane composite base material to a mixing tank, stir at 230 r / min at room temperature, add 1.2 parts of dispersant, 0.8 parts of leveling agent and 0.5 parts of defoamer, stir for 10 min and mix evenly; S2. Slowly add 10 parts of modified montmorillonite (modified with KH-570), 7.5 parts of nano titanium dioxide (particle size 50nm), 5 parts of nano zinc oxide (particle size 60nm), and 2.5 parts of hollow glass microspheres (particle size 150nm) into a stirred tank, heat to 50℃, stir at 400r / min for 30min, and then grind for 12min using a sand mill (grinding fineness ≤50μm) to ensure uniform dispersion of the filler. S3. Cool to room temperature, add 6 parts of environmentally friendly long-lasting bird repellent agent, 1.5 parts of antibacterial and anti-algae agent, and 2 parts of adhesion promoter. Stir at 330 r / min for 20 minutes to fully blend. S4. Add 5 parts of low-temperature curing agent and 9 parts of environmentally friendly thinner, stir at 230 r / min for 15 min, and after mixing evenly, filter through a 130 mesh filter to obtain the finished coating.

[0062] like Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment also provides the application of the above-mentioned insulating, anti-pollution flashover, and anti-bird damage spray coating in 10kV distribution network line equipment (metal substrate). The power outage spraying process is as follows: After power outages of T1 and 10kV distribution network equipment, clean the dust, oil, and rust from the equipment surface to ensure the surface is dry and clean (moisture content ≤0.5%). T1. Use conventional spraying equipment, adjust the spraying pressure to 0.5MPa, spraying distance 50cm, spraying thickness 120μm, and spray evenly once. T1. Bake at a low temperature (70℃) for 45 minutes to ensure the coating is fully cured; T1. Inspect the coating for defects such as pinholes, runs, and peeling, and restore power to the equipment.

[0063] Example 2 This embodiment provides an insulating, anti-pollution, flashover, and bird-damage-preventing spray coating with targeted enhancements to UV resistance, high and low temperature tolerance, and bird-repelling capabilities, comprising the following components in parts by weight: 45 parts of modified epoxy-silicone-polyurethane composite matrix (epoxy:silicone:polyurethane = 4:4:2); 28 parts of multifunctional synergistic filler: 11 parts modified montmorillonite, 8.5 parts nano titanium dioxide, 5.5 parts nano zinc oxide, and 3 parts hollow glass microspheres; Seven portions of environmentally friendly, long-lasting bird-repelling additives: 2.1 portions of citral sustained-release microcapsules, 2.1 portions of citronellol sustained-release microcapsules, and 2.8 portions of nano-titanium dioxide reflective particles; 5 parts low-temperature curing agent; 4.1 parts adipic acid dihydrazide; 0.9 parts microencapsulation curing accelerator; 2.5 parts of hydrophobic and oleophobic self-cleaning agent: 0.625 parts of perfluorooctyltriethoxysilane and 1.875 parts of polydimethylsiloxane; Antibacterial and anti-algae agent 1.6 parts; nano zinc oxide 1.1 parts; chitosan 0.5 parts; 2 parts adhesion promoter; 1 part silane coupling agent KH-5901; 0.9 parts titanate coupling agent; Dispersant 1.3 parts: polyether phosphate ester; Leveling agent 0.8 parts: polyether-modified silicone; 0.5 parts of defoamer: polyether-based; 9 parts of environmentally friendly diluent: 5.1 parts of butyl acetate and 3.9 parts of ethanol.

[0064] This embodiment also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned insulating, anti-pollution flashover, and anti-bird damage spray coating, including the following steps: S1. Add 45 parts of modified epoxy-organic silicone-polyurethane composite base material to a mixing tank, stir at 200 r / min at room temperature, add 1.3 parts of dispersant, 0.8 parts of leveling agent and 0.5 parts of defoamer, stir for 9 min and mix evenly; S2. Slowly add 11 parts of modified montmorillonite (modified with KH-570), 8.5 parts of nano titanium dioxide (particle size 40nm), 5.5 parts of nano zinc oxide (particle size 50nm), and 3 parts of hollow glass microspheres (particle size 120nm) into a stirred tank, heat to 48℃, stir at 380r / min for 28min, and then grind for 11min using a sand mill (grinding fineness ≤50μm) to ensure uniform dispersion of the filler. S3. Cool to room temperature, add 7 parts of environmentally friendly long-lasting bird repellent agent, 1.6 parts of antibacterial and anti-algae agent, and 2 parts of adhesion promoter, and stir at 300r / min for 19min to fully blend. S4. Add 5 parts of low-temperature curing agent and 9 parts of environmentally friendly thinner, stir at 200r / min for 13min, and after mixing evenly, filter through a 120-mesh filter to obtain the finished coating.

[0065] This embodiment also provides the application of the above-mentioned insulating, anti-pollution flashover, and anti-bird damage spray coating in substation equipment (ceramic substrate). The power outage spraying process is as follows: T1. After the substation equipment is de-energized, clean the dust and oil stains from the surface of ceramic insulators, ceramic shells, etc., and ensure that the surface is dry and clean (moisture content ≤0.5%). T2. Use conventional spraying equipment, adjust the spraying pressure to 0.45MPa, the spraying distance to 45cm, the spraying thickness to 110μm, and spray evenly once. T3. Allow to cure naturally at room temperature for 1.2 hours to ensure complete curing of the coating; T4. Inspect the coating for defects such as pinholes, runs, and peeling, and restore power to the equipment.

[0066] Example 3 This embodiment provides an economical and compliant insulating, anti-pollution flashover, and bird-damage-preventing spray coating, comprising the following components in parts by weight: 40 parts of modified epoxy-silicone-polyurethane composite matrix; 22 parts of multifunctional synergistic filler: 9 parts modified montmorillonite, 6.5 parts nano titanium dioxide, 4.2 parts nano zinc oxide, and 2.3 parts hollow glass microspheres; Environmentally friendly long-lasting bird-repelling additive (6 parts): citral sustained-release microcapsules (2 parts), citronellol sustained-release microcapsules (2 parts), nano titanium dioxide reflective particles (2 parts); 5 parts low-temperature curing agent; 4.3 parts adipic acid dihydrazide; 0.7 parts microencapsulation curing accelerator; 2.5 parts of hydrophobic and oleophobic self-cleaning agent: 0.625 parts of perfluorooctyltriethoxysilane and 1.875 parts of polydimethylsiloxane (microcapsule wall material is replaced with polycaprolactone PCL); Antibacterial and anti-algae agent 1.6 parts; nano zinc oxide 1.2 parts; chitosan 0.4 parts; Adhesion promoter 2 parts; silane coupling agent KH-590 1.3 parts; titanate coupling agent 0.7 parts; Dispersant 1.3 parts: polyacrylate; Leveling agent 0.8 parts: polyether-modified silicone; 0.5 parts of defoamer: polyether-based; 9 parts of environmentally friendly diluent: 5.7 parts of propylene glycol methyl ether and 3.3 parts of ethanol.

[0067] This embodiment also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned insulating, anti-pollution flashover, and anti-bird damage spray coating, including the following steps: S1. Add 40 parts of modified epoxy-organic silicone-polyurethane composite base material to a mixing tank, stir at 260 r / min at room temperature, add 1.3 parts of dispersant, 0.8 parts of leveling agent and 0.5 parts of defoamer, stir for 11 min and mix evenly; S1. Slowly add 9 parts of modified montmorillonite (modified with KH-570), 6.5 parts of nano titanium dioxide (particle size 70nm), 4.2 parts of nano zinc oxide (particle size 80nm), and 2.3 parts of hollow glass microspheres (particle size 180nm) into a stirred tank, heat to 52℃, stir at 420r / min for 32min, and then grind for 14min using a sand mill (grinding fineness ≤50μm) to ensure uniform dispersion of the filler. S1. Cool to room temperature, add 6 parts of environmentally friendly long-lasting bird repellent agent, 1.6 parts of antibacterial and anti-algae agent, and 2 parts of adhesion promoter, and stir at 360r / min for 21min to fully blend. S1. Add 5 parts of low-temperature curing agent and 9 parts of environmentally friendly thinner, stir at 260 r / min for 16 min, and after mixing evenly, filter through a 140 mesh filter to obtain the finished coating.

[0068] This embodiment also provides the application of the above-mentioned insulating, anti-pollution flashover, and anti-bird damage spray coating in power transmission and transformation line equipment (glass substrate). The power outage spraying process is as follows: T1. After the power transmission and transformation line equipment is de-energized, clean the dust and stains on the surface of the glass insulators to ensure that the surface is dry and clean (moisture content ≤0.5%). T1. Use conventional spraying equipment, adjust the spraying pressure to 0.55MPa, the spraying distance to 55cm, the spraying thickness to 140μm, and spray evenly twice (with an interval of 35min). T1. Bake at a low temperature (75℃) for 50 minutes to ensure the coating is fully cured; T1. Inspect the coating for defects such as pinholes, runs, and peeling, and restore power to the equipment.

[0069] Compare with Example 1 This comparative example is basically the same as Example 1, except that: The spray coating comprises the following components in parts by weight: 42 parts pure epoxy resin, 25 parts talc (common filler), 5 parts conventional epoxy curing agent, 1.3 parts dispersant, 0.8 parts leveling agent, 0.5 parts defoamer, and 9 parts environmentally friendly diluent; no bird-repellent additives, hydrophobic and oleophobic additives, antibacterial additives, or special adhesion promoters.

[0070] Compare with Example 2 This comparative example is basically the same as Example 1, except that: The spray coating comprises the following components in parts by weight: The product contains 42 parts of ordinary silicone resin, 25 parts of conventional silicone filler, 2.5 parts of single hydrophobic additive, 5 parts of conventional curing agent, 1.3 parts of dispersant, 0.8 parts of leveling agent, 0.5 parts of defoamer, and 9 parts of environmentally friendly diluent; it contains no bird-repellent additives, antibacterial additives, or oleophobic components.

[0071] Compare with Example 3 This comparative example is basically the same as Example 1, except that the spray coating includes the following components in parts by weight: The product contains 42 parts pure polyurethane resin, 25 parts conventional filler, 6 parts realgar + sulfur (toxic bird repellent), 5 parts conventional curing agent, 1.3 parts dispersant, 0.8 parts leveling agent, 0.5 parts defoamer, and 9 parts environmentally friendly diluent; it contains no hydrophobic, oleophobic, or antibacterial additives.

[0072] Compare with Example 4 This comparative example is basically the same as Example 1, except that the ternary composite base material is replaced with pure polyurethane resin, while all other components, quantities, and processes are completely consistent with Example 1.

[0073] Compare with Example 5 This comparative example is basically the same as Example 1, except that the quaternary synergistic filler is replaced with nano-TiO2 + nano-ZnO binary nanoparticles. All other components, quantities, and processes are completely consistent with Example 1.

[0074] Compare with Example 6 This comparative example is basically the same as Example 1, except that the hydrophobic and oleophobic dual-effect additive is replaced with a single polydimethylsiloxane (pure hydrophobic component), and all other components, quantities, and processes are completely consistent with Example 1.

[0075] Compare with Example 7 This comparative example is basically the same as Example 1, except that the amount of environmentally friendly long-lasting bird-repellent additive added is 0, and all other components, quantities, and processes are completely consistent with Example 1.

[0076] The present invention tested the performance of the coatings formed on different substrate surfaces by the spray-applied protective coatings in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-7, and the test results are shown in Table 1.

[0077] Table 1 Test Results

[0078] As shown in Table 1, compared to Comparative Examples 1-7, the sprayable protective coatings of Examples 1-3 of the present invention simultaneously possess five major functions: enhanced insulation, highly efficient anti-flashover, long-lasting bird protection, hydrophobic and oleophobic self-cleaning, and antibacterial and anti-algae properties. Among these, the volume resistivity of the coating is ≥1×10⁻⁶. 15 With a strength of Ω·cm and a breakdown strength ≥40kV / mm, its insulation performance far surpasses existing power outage coatings, meeting the insulation requirements of 10kV and above power equipment. Its static water contact angle is ≥155°, its oleophobicity rating reaches level 5, and its anti-flashover rating reaches level V, effectively resisting dust, oil, and other pollutants to prevent flashover accidents. Its bird deterrent rate is ≥95%, and the bird deterrent effect can be maintained for more than 8 years without the need for additional bird deterrent devices. Its antibacterial rate is ≥99.5%, effectively inhibiting microbial growth and adapting to complex outdoor pollution environments. Furthermore, the coating of this invention exhibits adhesion ≥5MPa to different substrates (metal, ceramic, glass), resisting high and low temperature cycles (-45℃ to 85℃), heavy rain, wind and sand, salt spray, and other complex environmental erosion. It withstands salt spray for more than 1500 hours and shows no yellowing, cracking, or peeling after 8000 hours of artificial accelerated aging, far superior to existing power outage coatings.

[0079] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sprayable protective coating, characterized in that, The components include the following parts by weight: The product contains 35-50 parts of modified epoxy-silicone-polyurethane composite base material, 20-30 parts of multifunctional synergistic filler, 4-9 parts of environmentally friendly long-lasting bird-repellent agent, 3-7 parts of low-temperature curing agent, 1.5-4 parts of hydrophobic and oleophobic self-cleaning agent, 0.8-2.5 parts of antibacterial and anti-algae agent, 1-3 parts of adhesion promoter, 0.8-1.8 parts of dispersant, 0.4-1.2 parts of leveling agent, 0.2-0.8 parts of defoamer, and 6-12 parts of environmentally friendly diluent.

2. The sprayable protective coating according to claim 1, characterized in that, The modified epoxy-silicone-polyurethane composite matrix comprises epoxy resin, silicone resin and polyurethane resin, and the mass ratio of epoxy resin, silicone resin and polyurethane resin is 5:3:

2. Preferably, the preparation method of the modified epoxy-silicone-polyurethane composite matrix includes: mixing epoxy resin, silicone resin and polyurethane resin in a mass ratio of 5:3:2, adding a modifier accounting for 2%-4% of the total mass of the composite matrix, stirring and reacting at 70-90℃ and 250-400r / min for 1.5-2.5h, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the modified epoxy-silicone-polyurethane composite matrix; Preferably, the modifier is γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane.

3. The sprayable protective coating according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multifunctional synergistic filler is composed of modified montmorillonite, nano titanium dioxide, nano zinc oxide and hollow glass microspheres in a mass ratio of 4:3:2:

1. Preferably, the modified montmorillonite is silane coupling agent modified montmorillonite; Preferably, the silane coupling agent is KH-570; Preferably, the particle size of the nano-titanium dioxide is 30-80 nm; Preferably, the particle size of the nano-zinc oxide is 40-90 nm; Preferably, the hollow glass microspheres have a particle size of 100-200 nm.

4. The sprayable protective coating according to claim 1, characterized in that, The environmentally friendly long-lasting bird-repelling additive is made from a mixture of citral sustained-release microcapsules, citronellol sustained-release microcapsules, and nano titanium dioxide reflective particles in a mass ratio of 3:3:

4. Preferably, the wall material of both the citral sustained-release microcapsules and the citronellol sustained-release microcapsules is polylactic acid; Preferably, the particle size of the nano-titanium dioxide reflective particles is 50-100 nm.

5. The sprayable protective coating according to claim 1, characterized in that, The low-temperature curing agent is a mixture of adipate dihydrazide and microencapsulated curing accelerator in a mass ratio of 5:

1. Preferably, the wall material of the microencapsulation curing accelerator is polyethylene glycol.

6. The sprayable protective coating according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hydrophobic and oleophobic self-cleaning additive is composed of perfluorooctyltriethoxysilane and polydimethylsiloxane in a mass ratio of 1:

3.

7. The sprayable protective coating according to claim 1, characterized in that, The antibacterial and anti-algae agent is composed of nano zinc oxide and chitosan in a mass ratio of 2:

1. Preferably, the particle size of the nano zinc oxide is 20-50 nm.

8. The sprayable protective coating according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adhesion promoter is a compound of silane coupling agent KH-590 and titanate coupling agent in a mass ratio of 3:

2.

9. A method for preparing the sprayable protective coating according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Add the modified epoxy-organic silicone-polyurethane composite base material into the mixing tank, stir at 180-280 r / min at room temperature, add dispersant, leveling agent and defoamer, stir for 8-12 min, and mix evenly; S2. Slowly add the multifunctional synergistic filler into the mixing vessel, heat to 45-55℃, stir at 350-450r / min for 25-35min, and then grind to a fineness of ≤50μm using a sand mill. S3. Cool to room temperature, add environmentally friendly long-lasting bird-repellent agent, antibacterial and anti-algae agent, and adhesion promoter, and stir at 280-380r / min for 18-22min. S4. Add low-temperature curing agent and environmentally friendly diluent, stir at 180-280 r / min for 12-18 min, and after mixing evenly, filter through a 120-150 mesh filter to obtain a sprayable protective coating.

10. The application of the sprayable protective coating according to any one of claims 1-8 in the field of power equipment protection, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: T1. After the power equipment is de-energized, the surface of the equipment is pre-cleaned; T2. Apply the sprayable protective coating evenly to the surface of the equipment. The spraying pressure is 0.4-0.6MPa, the spraying distance is 40-60cm, and the thickness of a single spray is 100-150μm. T3. After spraying, allow to cure naturally for 1-2 hours or bake at 60-80℃ for 30-60 minutes; T4. After curing, perform a visual inspection of the coating.

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