Integrated device and method for in-situ leaching based on AI intelligent regulation and control of dynamic dissociation of carbonic acid

Abstract

The embodiment of the application provides an integrated device and method for in-situ leaching based on AI intelligent regulation and control of dynamic carbon dissociation strengthening, and relates to the technical field of in-situ leaching. The device comprises an AI intelligent decision control system, a dynamic carbon generation module, a nano-bubble-pulse strengthening module, an AI-driven selective ion migration interface module, an in-situ leaching module, an AI directional precipitation module, a breathing type intelligent circulation module, a recycling and carbon cycle module, and a downhole multi-source sensing module; multi-source sensing data is real-time fed back to the AI intelligent decision control system. The method of the application adopts AI global sensing, AI adaptive leaching parameter decision, AI induced dynamic carbon super-dissociation, AI-driven ion space separation, in-situ leaching, AI directional precipitation, and AI closed-loop feedback intelligent collaborative process, and solves technical problems such as traditional strong acid ammonium salt pollution, low reagent utilization rate, leaching-precipitation fragmentation, uncontrollable parameters, poor system stability and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of in-situ leaching technology, and in particular to an integrated device and method for enhancing in-situ leaching based on AI-based intelligent regulation of dynamic dissociation of carbonic acid. Background Technology

[0002] Low-grade adsorbed mineral resources, such as ion-adsorbed rare earth ores and copper oxide ores, are important mineral resources, and in-situ leaching technology is their core mining process. However, these ore bodies generally have geological characteristics of low permeability, low grade, and high carbonate content. Current industrial practices mostly rely on traditional strong acid (such as sulfuric acid and hydrochloric acid), ammonium salt, or strong complexing agent systems for mining.

[0003] The above-mentioned traditional process has many technical bottlenecks and environmental problems: First, the use of strong acid and ammonium salts can easily lead to ammonia nitrogen pollution and acidification risk in groundwater, while also causing serious corrosion to the surrounding rock; Second, the process has problems such as low reagent utilization, large amount of impurity ion leaching, and disconnection between the leaching process and the subsequent recovery process, which not only increases production costs, but also causes irreversible damage to the geological ecological environment.

[0004] To address the aforementioned environmental and efficiency issues, the carbon dioxide-based carbonated system is considered a potential alternative due to its green and recyclable characteristics. However, the carbonated system also faces significant technical obstacles in practical applications: on the one hand, carbonic acid dissociates to a low degree under natural conditions, leading to a high concentration of hydrogen ions (H+). + The concentration was insufficient, and the generated H+ + With bicarbonate (HCO3) - ) / carbonate (CO3) 2- Uniform mixing makes it impossible to achieve synergistic leaching and precipitation in space; on the other hand, if carbonic acid dissociation is to be enhanced, traditional technologies often rely on high temperature and high pressure conditions, which not only leads to a significant increase in energy consumption, but also results in poor process controllability.

[0005] Furthermore, existing related devices generally lack real-time sensing and adaptive control capabilities. In actual operation, the system cannot dynamically optimize operating parameters (such as pressure, flow rate, reaction time, etc.) based on the dynamic changes in ore properties, the real-time concentration of solution components, and fluctuations in leaching rate. This results in unstable carbonic acid dissociation efficiency, ion migration efficiency, and precipitation recovery rate, severely restricting the industrial application and promotion of this technology.

[0006] In summary, there is an urgent need in the industry for an integrated green mining device and method that can combine full-domain perception, intelligent decision-making, efficient dissociation enhancement, and in-situ sedimentation and recovery to overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies, such as severe pollution, low efficiency, and uncontrollable processes. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the technical problems existing in the prior art, this invention provides an integrated device and method for enhancing in-situ leaching by dynamically controlling the dissociation of carbonic acid based on AI. The technical solution is as follows: This invention provides an integrated device for enhancing in-situ leaching by dynamically controlling the dissociation of carbonic acid based on AI, comprising: AI intelligent decision control system, and a dynamic carbonic acid generation module, a nanobubble-pulse enhancement module, an AI-driven selective ion migration interface module, an in-situ leaching module, an AI directional precipitation module, and a downhole multi-source sensing module respectively connected to the AI ​​intelligent decision control system. The dynamic carbonic acid generation module is connected to the nanobubble-pulse enhancement module and is used to generate a dynamic carbonic acid solution using CO2 and to transport the dynamic carbonic acid solution to the nanobubble-pulse enhancement module. The nanobubble-pulse enhancement module is connected to the AI-driven selective ion migration interface module. It is used to break the carbonic acid chemical equilibrium transiently through nano-aeration and low-frequency pulse action to generate a dissociated mixture containing a high concentration of active hydrogen ions, and to transport the dissociated mixture to the AI-driven selective ion migration interface module. The AI-driven selective ion migration interface module is connected to the in-situ leaching module and the AI ​​directional precipitation module respectively, and is used to construct an ion selective channel, allowing high-concentration active hydrogen ions in the dissociated mixture to migrate directionally to the in-situ leaching module, and retaining and guiding carbonate / bicarbonate ions to the AI ​​directional precipitation module. The in-situ leaching module is connected to the AI ​​directional precipitation module, and is used to leach the target metal ions in the ore layer in situ using high concentration of active hydrogen ions, and combine the target metal ions with carbonate / bicarbonate ions to form carbonate precipitates. The downhole multi-source sensing module is used to collect real-time data on mineral layer properties, fluid composition, bubble state and interface potential, and transmit the data to the AI ​​intelligent decision control system. The AI ​​intelligent decision control system is configured as follows: The CO2 supply rate of the dynamic carbonic acid generation module is dynamically adjusted based on the mineral properties and fluid composition. Based on the bubble state, the pulse frequency intensity of the nanobubble-pulse enhancement module is adjusted to regulate the transient concentration of the high-concentration active hydrogen ions; Based on the interface potential, the potential difference across the membrane of the AI-driven selective ion migration interface module is adjusted in real time to control the migration rate of high-concentration active hydrogen ions and carbonate / bicarbonate ions.

[0008] Optionally, the device further includes: a breathing-type intelligent circulation module connected to the AI ​​intelligent decision control system; The AI-driven selective ion migration interface module is connected to the in-situ leaching module and the AI-directed precipitation module through the breathing intelligent circulation module, respectively, and is used to inject high-concentration active hydrogen ions into the in-situ leaching module and inject carbonate / bicarbonate ions into the AI-directed precipitation module. The AI-powered intelligent decision control system is configured as follows: The injection frequency of the breathing-type intelligent circulation module is dynamically adjusted based on the properties of the mineral layer and the composition of the fluid.

[0009] Optionally, the device further includes a recycling and carbon cycle module connected to the AI ​​intelligent decision control system; The recovery and carbon recycling module is connected to the AI ​​directional precipitation module and the dynamic carbonic acid generation module, respectively, and is used to degas and recover unreacted CO2 in the AI ​​directional precipitation module and transport it to the dynamic carbonic acid generation module for recycling. The AI-powered intelligent decision control system is configured as follows: The CO2 replenishment rate of the recovery and carbon cycle module is dynamically adjusted based on the mineral properties and fluid composition.

[0010] Optionally, the AI ​​intelligent decision control system includes: a data acquisition unit, an AI algorithm unit, an instruction output unit, and a display and storage unit connected in sequence.

[0011] Optionally, the nanobubble-pulse enhancement module includes, in sequence along the fluid direction, a nanobubble generator, a pulse oscillator, and a gas-liquid mixing chamber; The inlet of the nanobubble generator is connected to the outlet of the dynamic carbonic acid generation module. The nanobubble generator is used to form a nanobubble mixed fluid from the dynamic carbonic acid solution. The pulse oscillator includes a pulse cavitation channel and a piezoelectric oscillation unit disposed on the outer wall of the pulse cavitation channel; the inlet of the pulse cavitation channel is connected to the outlet of the nanobubble generator, and the piezoelectric oscillation unit generates mechanical vibration to induce the nanobubble mixed fluid in the pulse cavitation channel to generate a cavitation effect. The inlet of the gas-liquid mixing chamber is connected to the outlet of the pulse cavitation channel. The gas-liquid mixing chamber is equipped with a swirling shear zone, which generates high-intensity shear force using the principle of fluid dynamics. The nanobubble mixed fluid passes through the pulse cavitation channel and the swirling shear zone in sequence. Under the synergy of the high-frequency mechanical vibration energy provided by the piezoelectric oscillation unit, the carbonic acid chemical equilibrium is broken through the dual physical action of cavitation collapse and fluid shearing, and a dissociated mixture containing a high concentration of active hydrogen ions is generated.

[0012] Optionally, the nanobubble particle size generated by the nanobubble-pulse enhancement module is 50-200nm, and its pulse frequency is adjustable in the range of 20-100Hz.

[0013] Optionally, the AI-driven selective ion migration interface module includes an electrically assisted proton conduction membrane or a bipolar interface membrane; the AI ​​intelligent decision control system adjusts the potential difference across the electrically assisted proton conduction membrane or bipolar interface membrane in real time to enable high-concentration active hydrogen ions to be conducted into the in-situ leaching module, and to retain carbonate / bicarbonate ions in the AI ​​directional precipitation module.

[0014] Optionally, the downhole multi-source sensing module includes: a pH sensor, an ion concentration sensor, a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a permeability sensor, a bubble size sensor, and a voltage sensor, which are used to collect the pH value of the mineral layer, the concentration of high-concentration active hydrogen ions, the carbonate / bicarbonate ion concentration, the temperature of the mineral layer, the pressure difference of the mineral layer, the permeability of the mineral layer, the bubble size, and the membrane potential difference, respectively.

[0015] This invention also provides an in-situ leaching method based on AI intelligent regulation and enhanced dynamic dissociation of carbonic acid, implemented using the aforementioned apparatus. The method includes the following steps: S1: Dynamic carbonic acid solution is generated using CO2 via a dynamic carbonic acid generation module; S2: The carbonic acid chemical equilibrium is broken transiently by the nanobubble-pulse enhancement module to generate a dissociated mixture containing a high concentration of active hydrogen ions; S3: An ion-selective channel is constructed using an AI-driven selective ion migration interface module, allowing high-concentration active hydrogen ions in the dissociated mixture to migrate directionally to the in-situ leaching module, while retaining carbonate / bicarbonate ions and guiding them to the AI-directed precipitation module. S4: The target metal ions in the ore layer are leached in situ using a high concentration of active hydrogen ions through an in-situ leaching module, and the target metal ions are transported to an AI directional precipitation module to combine with carbonate / bicarbonate ions to form carbonate precipitates. S5: Real-time acquisition of mineral layer properties, fluid composition, bubble state, and interface potential data is achieved using a downhole multi-source sensing module; the AI ​​intelligent decision control system dynamically adjusts the CO2 supply rate of the dynamic carbonic acid generation module based on the mineral layer properties and fluid composition; it regulates the pulse frequency intensity of the nanobubble-pulse enhancement module based on the bubble state to adjust the transient concentration of active hydrogen ions; and it adjusts the potential difference across the membrane of the AI-driven selective ion migration interface module in real time based on the interface potential to control the migration rate of high-concentration active hydrogen ions and carbonate / bicarbonate ions.

[0016] Optionally, the integrated device further includes a recycling and carbon cycle module connected to the AI ​​intelligent decision control system; The in-situ leaching method further includes: S6: The unreacted CO2 in the AI-directed precipitation module is degassed and recovered through the recovery and carbon recycling module and transported to the dynamic carbonic acid generation module for recycling; the AI ​​intelligent decision control system dynamically adjusts the CO2 supply rate of the recovery and carbon recycling module according to the mineral properties and the fluid composition.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present invention include at least the following: (1) The in-situ leaching method of the present invention does not use strong acids, ammonium salts or strong complexing agents throughout the entire process, but only uses CO2 and water, thus eliminating the risk of ammonia nitrogen pollution and acidification of groundwater from the source.

[0018] (2) The device of the present invention utilizes AI intelligent decision control system to realize closed-loop control of "perception-decision-execution", and adaptively adjusts parameters according to the real-time status of the ore layer, thereby increasing the reagent utilization rate by more than 50%, achieving a target metal leaching rate of ≥90%, and a precipitation product purity of ≥95%.

[0019] (3) The in-situ leaching method of the present invention uses industrial by-product CO2 as a carbon source, realizing the closed-loop recycling of carbon, which is in line with the dual carbon strategy.

[0020] (4) The in-situ leaching method of the present invention achieves "leaching" and "precipitation" simultaneously in a near-neutral system by using AI-driven ion spatial separation, which overturns the traditional long process of "leaching-surface purification-precipitation" and significantly reduces operating costs. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the integrated device for enhancing in-situ leaching based on AI intelligent control of dynamic dissociation of carbonic acid, provided by the present invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the nanobubble-pulse enhancement module provided by the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the AI-driven selective ion migration interface module provided by the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the breathing intelligent circulation module provided by the present invention; Figure 5 This is a flowchart of the intelligent control closed-loop process of the AI ​​intelligent decision control system provided by the present invention.

[0023] Figure label: 1-AI intelligent decision control system; 2-Dynamic carbonic acid generation module; 3-Nano bubble-pulse enhancement module; 4-AI-driven selective ion migration interface module; 5-In-situ leaching module; 6-AI-directed precipitation module; 7-Breathing intelligent circulation module; 8-Recovery and carbon cycle module; 9-Downhole multi-source sensing module; 41-Ion source region; 42-Migration channel; 43-AI-driven structure; 44-Separation and detection region. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the described embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] Please see Figure 1-5 This invention provides an integrated device and method for in-situ leaching enhanced by AI-based intelligent regulation of dynamic dissociation of carbonic acid, which is suitable for green and efficient extraction of ion-adsorption type rare earth minerals, weathered crust leaching type minerals, clay adsorption type low-grade minerals, rare earth tailings, copper oxide minerals and low-permeability adsorbed mineral bodies.

[0026] like Figure 1 As shown, the integrated device for enhanced in-situ leaching based on AI intelligent regulation of dynamic dissociation of carbonic acid according to the present invention includes: an AI intelligent decision control system 1, a dynamic carbonic acid generation module 2, a nanobubble-pulse enhancement module 3, an AI-driven selective ion migration interface module 4, an in-situ leaching module 5, an AI directional precipitation module 6, a breathing intelligent circulation module 7, a recovery and carbon cycle module 8, and a downhole multi-source sensing module 9.

[0027] The dynamic carbon dioxide generation module 2 serves as the carbon source inlet of the system, and it is connected to an external industrial by-product CO2 gas source via pipeline. This dynamic carbon dioxide generation module 2 uses a Venturi jet injector or a static mixer to dissolve CO2 gas into the circulating liquid, forming a supersaturated dynamic carbon dioxide solution, which is then transported to the nanobubble-pulse enhancement module 3.

[0028] like Figure 2 As shown, the nanobubble-pulse enhancement module 3 includes, in sequence along the fluid direction: a nanobubble generator, a pulse oscillator, and a gas-liquid mixing chamber.

[0029] The inlet of the nanobubble generator is connected to the outlet of the dynamic carbonic acid generation module 2. The nanobubble generator is used to form a nanobubble mixed fluid from the dynamic carbonic acid solution.

[0030] The pulse oscillator includes a pulse cavitation channel and a piezoelectric oscillation unit disposed on the outer wall of the pulse cavitation channel; the inlet of the pulse cavitation channel is connected to the outlet of the nanobubble generator, and the piezoelectric oscillation unit receives AI commands to generate mechanical vibration, inducing the fluid in the pulse cavitation channel to generate a cavitation effect.

[0031] The inlet of the gas-liquid mixing chamber is connected to the outlet of the pulsed cavitation channel. A swirling shear zone is provided within the gas-liquid mixing chamber, generating high-intensity shear force using fluid dynamics principles. The nanobubble-mixed fluid sequentially passes through the pulsed cavitation channel and the swirling shear zone. Under the synergy of high-frequency mechanical vibration energy provided by the piezoelectric oscillation unit, the carbonation chemical equilibrium is broken through the dual physical effects of cavitation collapse and fluid shearing, generating a dissociated mixture containing a high concentration of active hydrogen ions. The nanobubble particle size generated by this nanobubble-pulse-enhanced module 3 is preferably 50-200 nm, and its pulse frequency control range is preferably 20-100 Hz.

[0032] The AI-driven selective ion migration interface module 4 is disposed between the nanobubble-pulse enhancement module 3 and the in-situ leaching module 5, and is also connected to the AI-directed precipitation module 6. The AI-driven selective ion migration interface module 4 contains an electrically assisted proton conduction membrane or a bipolar interface membrane to construct an ion-selective channel, allowing high-concentration active hydrogen ions in the dissociated mixture to migrate directionally to the in-situ leaching module 5, while retaining carbonate / bicarbonate ions and guiding them to the AI-directed precipitation module 6. This AI-driven selective ion migration interface module 4 is connected to the AI ​​intelligent decision control system 1, which adjusts the potential difference (preferably 0-5V) across the membrane in real time to control the ion migration rate.

[0033] Specifically, such as Figure 3 As shown, the AI-driven selective ion migration interface module 4 has a long, narrow, groove-like structure, divided into two or more layers of flow channels. The AI-driven selective ion migration interface module 4 includes: an ion source region, migration channels, an AI-driven structure, and a separation and detection region. The ion source region is the inlet area of ​​the dissociated mixture of the nanobubble-pulse enhancement module 3. The migration channel is the core reaction and separation region, internally equipped with an electrically assisted proton conduction membrane or a bipolar interface membrane. Under the control of the AI-driven structure, ion movement is driven by potential difference. Active hydrogen ions are preferentially guided to the in-situ leaching module 5, while carbonate / bicarbonate ions are retained or guided to the AI ​​directional precipitation module 6. The separation and detection region is the end of the fluid outflow, equipped with a sensor interface for real-time monitoring of the ion concentration after separation and feeding the data back to the AI ​​intelligent decision control system 1.

[0034] In-situ leaching module 5 corresponds to the leaching zone of the ore layer, utilizing high-concentration active hydrogen ions to leach target metal ions (such as rare earth elements and copper) in situ. AI-directed precipitation module 6 corresponds to the precipitation enrichment zone of the ore layer, used to combine the target metal ions that migrate here with carbonate / bicarbonate ions to form high-purity carbonate precipitates. In-situ leaching module 5 and AI-directed precipitation module 6 are connected through ore layer pores or a specific underground flow field, achieving spatial decoupling of "leaching-migration-precipitation".

[0035] like Figure 4 As shown, the breathing-type intelligent circulation module 7 includes: a main separation chamber, a circulation pump, and a filter unit; the air inlet of the main separation chamber is connected to the AI-driven selective ion migration interface module 4, and the air outlet is connected to the in-situ leaching module 5 and the AI ​​directional precipitation module 6, respectively. The circulation pump pumps high-concentration active hydrogen ions into the in-situ leaching module 5 and carbonate / bicarbonate ions into the AI ​​directional precipitation module 6 to enhance mass transfer and precipitation. The filter unit is connected in series on the outlet pipeline of the circulation pump to intercept solid particles, impurities, or unreacted precipitates in the fluid to prevent them from clogging subsequent precision components.

[0036] The inlet of the recovery and carbon cycle module 8 is connected to the outflow end of the AI-directed sedimentation module 6, and the outlet is connected to the circulating liquid inlet of the dynamic carbon dioxide generation module 2, forming a closed-loop cycle. This is used to degas and recover unreacted CO2 from the AI-directed sedimentation module 6 and transport it to the dynamic carbon dioxide generation module 2 for recycling, achieving zero carbon emissions. Specifically, the recovery and carbon cycle module 8 includes: a degassing tower, a gas-liquid separator, a carbon replenishment device, and a sedimentation collection tank. The degassing tower typically adopts a packed tower or plate tower structure, with a high-efficiency gas-liquid contact packing layer inside. It has a gas outlet at the top and a liquid outlet at the bottom. The fluid rich in unreacted CO2 from the AI-directed sedimentation module 6 first enters the degassing tower. Inside the tower, dissolved CO2 is rapidly released from the liquid phase through reduced pressure flash evaporation or countercurrent purging. The gas-liquid separator is connected to the top gas outlet of the degassing tower and has a demister or cyclone separator inside to further remove tiny droplets entrained in the gas, ensuring that the separated CO2 gas... The purity of the gas meets the reuse standard. The separated clean CO2 gas is transported to the inlet of the dynamic carbonation generation module 2 through the recovery pipeline for recycling, while the small amount of condensate separated is returned to the bottom of the degassing tower or enters the subsequent processing stage. The carbon replenishment device is connected in parallel or in series with the CO2 recovery pipeline. When the amount of recovered CO2 is insufficient to maintain the operation of the system or in the initial stage of system startup, the carbon replenishment device can automatically replenish the external industrial by-product CO2 to ensure that the dynamic carbonation generation module 2 always has a stable and sufficient carbon source supply. The sedimentation collection tank is connected to the liquid outlet of the degassing tower to receive and temporarily store the lean liquid after degassing and any fine carbonate precipitates that may precipitate.

[0037] The downhole multi-source sensing module 9 is distributed in injection wells, pumping wells, and key locations in underground mineral formations. Specifically, the downhole multi-source sensing module 9 includes: a pH sensor, an ion concentration sensor (such as calcium ion and rare earth ion sensors), a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a permeability sensor, a bubble size sensor, and a voltage sensor. The data it collects specifically includes: Ore layer physical properties: ore layer pH value, ore layer temperature, ore layer pressure difference, ore layer permeability, etc.; Fluid components: high concentration of active hydrogen ions, carbonate / bicarbonate ion concentration, etc.; Bubble state: bubble size distribution; Interface potential: The membrane potential difference of the AI-driven selective ion migration interface module 4.

[0038] The AI ​​intelligent decision control system 1 includes a data acquisition unit, an AI algorithm unit, an instruction output unit, an execution unit, and a display and storage unit connected in sequence. The AI ​​algorithm unit embeds a mineral layer property identification model, a carbonic acid dissociation enhancement model, an ion migration optimization model, a precipitation process control model, and a safe operation discrimination model, enabling it to adaptively match leaching parameters for different mineral types and ore bodies with varying permeability. This system connects via an industrial bus or wireless network to the aforementioned dynamic carbonic acid generation module 2, nanobubble-pulse enhancement module 3, AI-driven selective ion migration interface module 4, in-situ leaching module 5, AI-directed precipitation module 6, breathing-type intelligent circulation module 7, recovery and carbon cycle module 8, and downhole multi-source sensing module 9.

[0039] The AI ​​intelligent decision control system 1 is configured to execute the following operating logic: The CO2 supply rate of the dynamic carbonic acid generation module 2 is dynamically adjusted based on the mineral properties and fluid composition. Based on the bubble state, the pulse frequency intensity of the nanobubble-pulse enhancement module 3 is adjusted to regulate the transient concentration of active hydrogen ions; Based on the interface potential, the potential difference across the membrane of the AI-driven selective ion migration interface module 4 is adjusted in real time to control the migration rate of high-concentration active hydrogen ions and carbonate / bicarbonate ions. The injection frequency of the breathing-type intelligent circulation module 7 is dynamically adjusted according to the mineral properties and fluid composition. The CO2 replenishment rate of the recovery and carbon cycle module 8 is dynamically adjusted based on the mineral properties and fluid composition.

[0040] like Figure 5As shown, the specific working principle of the AI ​​intelligent decision control system 1 is as follows: The AI ​​intelligent decision control system adopts a hierarchical closed-loop architecture design, with the perception layer, transmission layer, decision layer, and execution layer working collaboratively. Among them, the data acquisition unit, as the perception layer, collects data transmitted by the downhole multi-source perception module 9. By integrating multiple sensors such as pH, ion concentration, temperature, pressure, permeability, bubble particle size, and membrane voltage, it obtains the mineral layer environmental parameters and equipment operating status in real time. The command output unit, as the transmission layer, uses 5G or Ethernet technology to build a high-speed communication link to ensure that massive monitoring data is uploaded to the decision layer with low latency and to accurately issue control commands. The AI ​​algorithm unit, as the decision layer, has built-in AI algorithm models such as mineral layer physical property identification model, carbonic acid dissociation enhancement model, ion migration optimization model, precipitation process control model, and safe operation discrimination model. It performs in-depth analysis and reasoning on the received data to generate the optimal control strategy. The execution unit, as the execution layer, drives the dynamic carbonic acid generation module 2, the nanobubble-pulse enhancement module 3, and the AI-driven selective ion migration interface module 4 according to the decision commands. The above four layers form a complete closed-loop feedback mechanism of "sensing-transmission-decision-execution-re-sensing" through bidirectional data flow, enabling the system to adaptively and dynamically adjust to real-time operating conditions such as changes in mineral permeability and fluctuations in ion concentration, thereby achieving intelligent and precise control of the leaching process.

[0041] This invention also provides an in-situ leaching method based on the above-described device, the specific steps of which are as follows: S1: Dynamic carbonic acid formation The dynamic carbonic acid generation module 2 is activated, introducing industrial by-product CO2, which dissolves into the circulating liquid under the action of a Venturi jet, forming a dynamic carbonic acid solution rich in CO2. The AI ​​intelligent decision control system 1 initially sets the CO2 dissolution concentration based on the mineral layer properties.

[0042] S2: Dynamic superdissociation of carbonic acid

[0043] The dynamic carbonic acid solution enters the nanobubble-pulse-enhanced module 3. The microporous nano-aeration structure transforms the dynamic carbonic acid solution into a nanobubble mixture. This mixture then enters the pulse cavitation channel, where, under the action of the piezoelectric oscillation unit, low-frequency pulses of 20-100Hz are generated, inducing cavitation collapse and fluid shear. This dual physical action disrupts the chemical equilibrium of carbonic acid, transiently generating a high concentration of active hydrogen ions (H₂O). + ), forming a dissociated mixture.

[0044] S3: AI-driven ion spatial separation

[0045] The dissociated mixture flows through the AI-driven selective ion migration interface module 4. The AI ​​intelligent decision control system 1 monitors the interface potential data of the electrically assisted proton conduction membrane or bipolar interface membrane in real time and adjusts the potential difference across the membrane (preferably 0-5V). Under the synergistic effect of the electric field and concentration gradient, H... + HCO3 preferentially enters the in-situ leaching module 5 through the electrically assisted proton conduction membrane or bipolar interface membrane. - CO3 2- The ions are then trapped and directed to the AI-directed precipitation module 6.

[0046] S4: In-situ leaching and directional precipitation

[0047] Leaching: After high-concentration active hydrogen ions enter the in-situ leaching module 5, they undergo ion exchange or acidification dissolution reactions with the target minerals (such as rare earth oxides and copper oxides) in the ore layer, causing the target metal ions (such as RE) to undergo ion exchange or acidification dissolution reactions. 3+ Cu 2+ It desorbs from the surface of the ore into the solution.

[0048] Migration and Precipitation: Driven by the breathing-type intelligent circulation module 7, the solution containing the target metal ions migrates to the AI-directed precipitation module 6. In the AI-directed precipitation module 6, the target metal ions react with the enriched carbonate / bicarbonate ions to generate high-purity carbonate precipitates (such as rare earth carbonates and copper carbonates), which are then enriched in situ.

[0049] S5: Multi-source sensing and AI closed-loop regulation

[0050] The downhole multi-source sensing module 9 collects data in real time and transmits it to the AI ​​intelligent decision control system 1. CO2 supply regulation: The AI ​​intelligent decision control system 1 dynamically adjusts the CO2 supply rate of the dynamic carbonic acid generation module 2 and the recovery and carbon cycle module 8 according to the fluid composition and mineral properties to ensure that the carbon source is sufficient but not excessive.

[0051] Controlling dissociation intensity: The AI ​​intelligent decision control system 1 adjusts the pulse frequency and amplitude of the nanobubble-pulse enhancement module 3 in real time according to the bubble state to maintain the stability and dissociation efficiency of the nanobubbles.

[0052] Regulating ion migration: The AI ​​intelligent decision control system 1 adjusts the potential difference of the AI-driven selective ion migration interface module 4 in milliseconds based on interface potential and ion concentration data to control the migration rate of high-concentration active hydrogen ions and carbonate / bicarbonate ions.

[0053] S6: Carbon Cycle and Lean Solution Regeneration

[0054] After the reaction in the AI-directed precipitation module 6, the lean liquid (with reduced carbonate concentration) and unreacted CO2 gas enter the recovery and carbon recycling module 8. This recovery and carbon recycling module 8 performs gas-liquid separation, desorbs and recovers the unreacted CO2, and sends it back to the dynamic carbon dioxide generation module 2 for recycling. At the same time, it replenishes an appropriate amount of CO2 into the lean liquid to regenerate it, thus realizing a closed-loop carbon cycle.

[0055] The apparatus and method described in the embodiments of the present invention achieve the following beneficial effects: (1) The entire process does not use strong acids, ammonium salts or strong complexing agents, but only CO2 and water, eliminating the risk of groundwater ammonia nitrogen pollution and acidification from the source.

[0056] (2) The AI ​​intelligent decision control system 1 realizes the closed-loop control of "perception-decision-execution". It adaptively adjusts parameters according to the real-time status of the ore layer, improves the reagent utilization rate by more than 50%, achieves a target metal leaching rate of ≥90%, and a precipitation product purity of ≥95%.

[0057] (3) By using industrial by-product CO2 as a carbon source, a closed-loop carbon recycling system has been achieved, which is in line with the dual-carbon strategy.

[0058] (4) By using AI to drive ion spatial separation, “leaching” and “precipitation” are simultaneously achieved in a near-neutral system, which overturns the traditional long process of “leaching-surface purification-precipitation” and significantly reduces operating costs.

[0059] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An integrated device for enhancing in-situ leaching by dynamically controlling the dissociation of carbonic acid based on AI, characterized in that, include: AI intelligent decision control system, and a dynamic carbonic acid generation module, a nanobubble-pulse enhancement module, an AI-driven selective ion migration interface module, an in-situ leaching module, an AI directional precipitation module, and a downhole multi-source sensing module respectively connected to the AI ​​intelligent decision control system. The dynamic carbonic acid generation module is connected to the nanobubble-pulse enhancement module and is used to generate a dynamic carbonic acid solution using CO2 and to transport the dynamic carbonic acid solution to the nanobubble-pulse enhancement module. The nanobubble-pulse enhancement module is connected to the AI-driven selective ion migration interface module. It is used to break the carbonic acid chemical equilibrium transiently through nano-aeration and low-frequency pulse action to generate a dissociated mixture containing a high concentration of active hydrogen ions, and to transport the dissociated mixture to the AI-driven selective ion migration interface module. The AI-driven selective ion migration interface module is connected to the in-situ leaching module and the AI ​​directional precipitation module respectively, and is used to construct an ion selective channel, allowing high-concentration active hydrogen ions in the dissociated mixture to migrate directionally to the in-situ leaching module, and retaining and guiding carbonate / bicarbonate ions to the AI ​​directional precipitation module. The in-situ leaching module is connected to the AI ​​directional precipitation module, and is used to leach the target metal ions in the ore layer in situ using high concentration of active hydrogen ions, and combine the target metal ions with carbonate / bicarbonate ions to form carbonate precipitates. The downhole multi-source sensing module is used to collect real-time data on mineral layer properties, fluid composition, bubble state and interface potential, and transmit the data to the AI ​​intelligent decision control system. The AI ​​intelligent decision control system is configured as follows: The CO2 supply rate of the dynamic carbonic acid generation module is dynamically adjusted based on the mineral properties and fluid composition. Based on the bubble state, the pulse frequency intensity of the nanobubble-pulse enhancement module is adjusted to regulate the transient concentration of the high-concentration active hydrogen ions; Based on the interface potential, the potential difference across the membrane of the AI-driven selective ion migration interface module is adjusted in real time to control the migration rate of high-concentration active hydrogen ions and carbonate / bicarbonate ions.

2. The integrated device for enhanced in-situ leaching based on AI intelligent control of dynamic dissociation of carbonic acid as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The breathing-type intelligent circulation module is connected to the AI ​​intelligent decision control system; The AI-driven selective ion migration interface module is connected to the in-situ leaching module and the AI-directed precipitation module through the breathing intelligent circulation module, respectively, and is used to inject high-concentration active hydrogen ions into the in-situ leaching module and inject carbonate / bicarbonate ions into the AI-directed precipitation module. The AI-powered intelligent decision control system is configured as follows: The injection frequency of the breathing-type intelligent circulation module is dynamically adjusted based on the properties of the mineral layer and the composition of the fluid.

3. The integrated device for enhanced in-situ leaching based on AI intelligent control of dynamic dissociation of carbonic acid as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes: a recycling and carbon cycle module connected to the AI ​​intelligent decision control system; The recovery and carbon recycling module is connected to the AI ​​directional precipitation module and the dynamic carbonic acid generation module, respectively, and is used to degas and recover unreacted CO2 in the AI ​​directional precipitation module and transport it to the dynamic carbonic acid generation module for recycling. The AI-powered intelligent decision control system is configured as follows: The CO2 replenishment rate of the recovery and carbon cycle module is dynamically adjusted based on the mineral properties and fluid composition.

4. The integrated device for enhanced in-situ leaching based on AI intelligent control of dynamic dissociation of carbonic acid as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The AI ​​intelligent decision control system includes: a data acquisition unit, an AI algorithm unit, an instruction output unit, and a display and storage unit connected in sequence.

5. The integrated device for enhanced in-situ leaching based on AI intelligent control of dynamic dissociation of carbonic acid as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The nanobubble-pulse enhancement module comprises, in sequence along the fluid direction: a nanobubble generator, a pulse oscillator, and a gas-liquid mixing chamber; The inlet of the nanobubble generator is connected to the outlet of the dynamic carbonic acid generation module. The nanobubble generator is used to form a nanobubble mixed fluid from the dynamic carbonic acid solution. The pulse oscillator includes a pulse cavitation channel and a piezoelectric oscillation unit disposed on the outer wall of the pulse cavitation channel; the inlet of the pulse cavitation channel is connected to the outlet of the nanobubble generator, and the piezoelectric oscillation unit generates mechanical vibration to induce the nanobubble mixed fluid in the pulse cavitation channel to generate a cavitation effect. The inlet of the gas-liquid mixing chamber is connected to the outlet of the pulse cavitation channel. The gas-liquid mixing chamber is equipped with a swirling shear zone, which generates high-intensity shear force using the principle of fluid dynamics. The nanobubble mixed fluid passes through the pulse cavitation channel and the swirling shear zone in sequence. Under the synergy of the high-frequency mechanical vibration energy provided by the piezoelectric oscillation unit, the carbonic acid chemical equilibrium is broken through the dual physical action of cavitation collapse and fluid shearing, and a dissociated mixture containing a high concentration of active hydrogen ions is generated.

6. The integrated device for enhanced in-situ leaching based on AI intelligent control of dynamic dissociation of carbonic acid as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The nanobubble-pulse enhancement module generates nanobubbles with a particle size of 50-200 nm and a pulse frequency control range of 20-100 Hz.

7. The integrated device for enhanced in-situ leaching based on AI intelligent control of dynamic dissociation of carbonic acid as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The AI-driven selective ion migration interface module includes an electrically assisted proton conduction membrane or a bipolar interface membrane. The AI ​​intelligent decision control system adjusts the potential difference across the electrically assisted proton conduction membrane or bipolar interface membrane in real time to enable high-concentration active hydrogen ions to be conducted into the in-situ leaching module and to retain carbonate / bicarbonate ions in the AI ​​directional precipitation module.

8. The integrated device for enhanced in-situ leaching based on AI intelligent control of dynamic dissociation of carbonic acid as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The downhole multi-source sensing module includes a pH sensor, an ion concentration sensor, a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a permeability sensor, a bubble size sensor, and a voltage sensor, which are used to collect the pH value of the mineral layer, the concentration of high-concentration active hydrogen ions, the carbonate / bicarbonate ion concentration, the temperature of the mineral layer, the pressure difference of the mineral layer, the permeability of the mineral layer, the bubble size, and the membrane potential difference, respectively.

9. An in-situ leaching method based on AI intelligent regulation and dynamic dissociation enhancement of carbonic acid, implemented using the apparatus described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: S1: Dynamic carbonic acid solution is generated using CO2 via a dynamic carbonic acid generation module; S2: The carbonic acid chemical equilibrium is broken transiently by the nanobubble-pulse enhancement module to generate a dissociated mixture containing a high concentration of active hydrogen ions; S3: An ion-selective channel is constructed using an AI-driven selective ion migration interface module, allowing high-concentration active hydrogen ions in the dissociated mixture to migrate directionally to the in-situ leaching module, while retaining carbonate / bicarbonate ions and guiding them to the AI-directed precipitation module. S4: The target metal ions in the ore layer are leached in situ using a high concentration of active hydrogen ions through an in-situ leaching module, and the target metal ions are transported to an AI directional precipitation module to combine with carbonate / bicarbonate ions to form carbonate precipitates. S5: Real-time acquisition of mineral layer properties, fluid composition, bubble state, and interface potential data is achieved using a downhole multi-source sensing module; the AI ​​intelligent decision control system dynamically adjusts the CO2 supply rate of the dynamic carbonic acid generation module based on the mineral layer properties and fluid composition; it regulates the pulse frequency intensity of the nanobubble-pulse enhancement module based on the bubble state to adjust the transient concentration of active hydrogen ions; and it adjusts the potential difference across the membrane of the AI-driven selective ion migration interface module in real time based on the interface potential to control the migration rate of high-concentration active hydrogen ions and carbonate / bicarbonate ions.

10. The in-situ leaching method based on AI intelligent regulation and dynamic dissociation of carbonic acid as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The integrated device also includes a recycling and carbon cycle module connected to the AI ​​intelligent decision control system; The in-situ leaching method further includes: S6: The unreacted CO2 in the AI-directed precipitation module is degassed and recovered through the recovery and carbon recycling module and transported to the dynamic carbonic acid generation module for recycling; the AI ​​intelligent decision control system dynamically adjusts the CO2 supply rate of the recovery and carbon recycling module according to the mineral properties and the fluid composition.

Images