A device for ball-milling composite electrodeposition of nanocrystalline coatings

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of equipment for preparing nanocrystalline coating by ball milling composite electrodeposition, belong to pipe surface modification technical field.The equipment mainly includes feed end, pipe support and power end, for coating processing to the inner wall of cylindrical pipe;Power end drives the stable rotation of cylindrical pipe through the driving structure of inlaying, feed end is equipped with rotary joint and electrically conductive slip ring, can realize stable liquid supply and uninterrupted power supply under 360 ° continuous rotation condition, cooperate with multiple inlaying sealing structure to block electrolyte leakage.Pipe support uses conductive roller support structure, realizes the stable conduction of pipe cathode while reducing the rotating friction.Cylindrical pipe is prepositioned with grinding ball inside, relies on the rotation of pipe to drive grinding ball to continuously roll, implements in-situ dynamic mechanical grinding to electrodeposition new coating, forms composite synergistic effect with electrodeposition process, real-time crushes coarse grain, compacts coating pore, solves the defects of coarse grain, high porosity and poor performance of traditional single electrodeposition coating.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of pipe inner wall surface modification and electroplating equipment technology, and in particular to an equipment for preparing nanocrystalline coatings by ball milling composite electrodeposition. Background Technology

[0002] Hydraulic pipes, oil drill pipes, and other fittings are subject to long-term corrosion and wear on their inner walls, and protective coatings are often prepared by electrodeposition on the inner walls. The electrodeposition process is simple to operate and the coating can be controlled, but the enclosed and narrow inner cavity of the fittings presents many technical challenges.

[0003] Existing solid anode circulating electroplating equipment does not have an in-tube ball milling modification structure. It relies solely on electrodeposition to prepare the coating, resulting in grain sizes that are mostly in the micrometer range. This leads to limited improvement in the mechanical and corrosion resistance of the coating. In-tube circulating electroplating solutions often use hollow anodes with built-in flow channels for liquid supply. They rely on openings in the anode tube wall to spray the plating solution onto the inner wall to enhance mass transfer. However, hollow anodes have high processing costs, the tube wall spray holes are easily blocked by plating impurities, and the overall conductivity uniformity of hollow anodes is poor. The energizing structure at both ends of long tubes is also complex. Conventional solid anode electroplating is mostly a static immersion mode, lacking a continuous and stable plating solution replacement circuit. It is impossible to replenish consumed metal ions and remove hydrogen gas and reaction impurities from the cathode in real time. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the present invention aims to provide a device for preparing nanocrystalline coatings by ball milling composite electrodeposition, which solves the problems of coarse grains, high porosity, and limited performance improvement of traditional single electrodeposition coatings on the inner wall of pipes; complex structure and easy clogging of hollow anode equipment; and unstable composition and obvious concentration polarization of plating solution in static immersion mode.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A device for preparing nanocrystalline coatings by ball milling composite electrodeposition includes a pipe processing section, which includes a cylindrical pipe. One end of the pipe processing section is a feeding end. The feeding end has an anode coaxially arranged with the cylindrical pipe and integrates a conductive slip ring and a rotary joint. The conductive slip ring is electrically connected to the anode. The rotary joint has a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet. The conductive slip ring and the rotary joint rotate synchronously with the cylindrical pipe and maintain continuous communication. The cylindrical tube is filled with several grinding balls. One end of the processing section of the tube is connected to a power end to drive the cylindrical tube to rotate around its own axis, so as to drive the grinding balls to roll and mechanically grind the newly formed coating on the inner wall. The bottom of the cylindrical pipe fitting is provided with a pipe fitting support, which supports the cylindrical pipe fitting and makes conductive contact with the outer wall of the cylindrical pipe fitting.

[0006] Furthermore, the feed end includes a feed cover plate, a locking nut, a locking block, a locking bolt, two locking shafts, and a feed end sealing cover; the feed end sealing cover is hinged to the feed cover plate and the locking bolt respectively through the two locking shafts; the locking block is sleeved on the outside of the locking bolt, and the locking nut is threadedly engaged with the locking bolt; when the locking nut is tightened, it presses the locking block and the feed cover plate together.

[0007] Furthermore, the feed end includes a pair of feed end sealing rings; the feed end sealing rings are of a split structure, and the two feed end sealing rings are locked together by bolts to achieve radial clamping and tightening of the cylindrical pipe fitting. The inner side of the feed end sealing ring is provided with a snap-fit ​​groove, and the feed end sealing cover is embedded in the snap-fit ​​groove.

[0008] Furthermore, the feed end includes a connector screw and a dynamic seal; the rotary joint is fastened to the outside of the feed end sealing cover by the connector screw; the feed end sealing cover has an assembly through hole in the center, the dynamic seal is disposed in the assembly through hole, and the anode is inserted into the assembly through hole and fits against the dynamic seal.

[0009] Furthermore, the power end includes a power end sealing cover plate, a power end sealing ring, a transmission connecting plate, a drive output shaft, and a geared motor; the output end of the geared motor is fixedly connected to the drive output shaft, and the drive output shaft is coaxially and tightly connected to the transmission connecting plate; the transmission connecting plate is provided with a transmission boss, and the power end sealing ring is provided with a matching circumferential transmission groove, the transmission boss is embedded in the transmission groove to form a fitted transmission pair; the power end sealing ring is a split structure, the two half rings are locked with bolts to achieve radial clamping and fixing of the cylindrical pipe, and the power end sealing cover plate is fitted and assembled to the end of the power end sealing ring through the groove.

[0010] Furthermore, the pipe support includes a conductive support and at least two sets of conductive rollers; the cylindrical pipe is mounted on the conductive rollers, the conductive support is conductively connected to the conductive rollers, and the conductive rollers are in conductive contact with the outer wall of the cylindrical pipe.

[0011] Furthermore, the groove fitting structure of the power end sealing cover and the power end sealing ring is the same as the groove fitting structure of the feed end sealing cover and the feed end sealing ring.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows: 1. This invention achieves simultaneous and coordinated processing of electrodeposition and in-situ ball milling. The rotation of the tube drives the internal grinding balls to continuously roll and crush, which provides real-time mechanical action on the newly formed coating during the electrodeposition process, breaking up coarse grains, compacting internal pores, promoting grain refinement and coating densification, and can directly prepare high-performance nanocrystalline coatings.

[0013] 2. The solid coaxial anode design results in low processing costs and good conductivity uniformity. The matching conductive slip ring and rotary joint are compatible with 360° continuous rotation conditions, ensuring the continuous and stable operation of the circuit and liquid circuit during rotation. The electrolyte circulation can replenish metal ions in real time, remove reaction impurities and gas evolution, effectively alleviate concentration polarization, maintain the stability of the plating solution composition, and improve the consistency of the coating during long-term processing.

[0014] 3. Both ends adopt a slotted clamping and sealing structure, which does not require rigid welding to the pipe fittings, resulting in high assembly and disassembly efficiency and reliable sealing; the feed end adopts a hinged opening and closing locking structure, which is easy to operate and facilitates grinding ball filling, anode replacement and equipment maintenance; by changing the sealing rings of different specifications and adjusting the grinding ball particle size and material, it can be adapted to the inner wall coating processing of cylindrical pipe fittings of various diameters and lengths, making the equipment highly versatile.

[0015] 4. The pipe fitting support adopts a conductive roller support structure, which has the dual functions of support and cathode conduction. While stabilizing the pipe fitting, it can rotate synchronously with the pipe fitting, greatly reducing the rotational friction resistance. The power end adopts a concave-convex interlocking transmission pair to transmit torque, which ensures smooth transmission and good assembly fault tolerance, ensuring the stability of the pipe fitting at low speed rotation and providing uniform kinetic energy input for ball milling. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the equipment for preparing nanocrystalline coatings by ball milling composite electrodeposition according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the feed end according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the external side view of the feed end according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the feed end according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the pipe fitting processing end according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the pipe support structure according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the power end according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] In the diagram: 1. Feed end; 11. Feed cover plate; 12. Locking nut; 13. Locking block; 14. Locking bolt; 15. Locking shaft; 16. Liquid inlet; 17. Conductive slip ring; 18. Liquid outlet; 19. Rotary joint; 110. Joint screw; 111. Feed end sealing cover; 112. Feed end sealing ring; 113. Anode; 2. Pipe processing section; 21. Cylindrical pipe fitting; 22. Grinding ball; 3. Pipe fitting support; 31. Conductive support; 32. Conductive roller; 4. Power end; 41. Power end sealing cover plate; 42. Power end sealing ring; 43. Transmission connecting plate; 44. Drive output shaft; 45. Gear motor. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the scope described.

[0019] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention discloses an apparatus for preparing nanocrystalline coatings by ball milling composite electrodeposition. The apparatus includes a feed end 1, a pipe processing section 2, a pipe support 3, and a power end 4, and is used to perform coating processing on the inner wall of the cylindrical pipe 21 in the pipe processing section 2.

[0020] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the feed end 1 includes a feed cover plate 11, a locking nut 12, a locking block 13, a locking bolt 14, a locking shaft 15, a liquid inlet 16, a conductive slip ring 17, a liquid outlet 18, a rotary joint 19, a joint screw 110, a feed end sealing cover 111, a feed end sealing ring 112, and an anode 113.

[0021] The feed end sealing cover 111 is hinged to the feed cover plate 11 and the locking bolt 14 via two locking shafts 15, respectively, thereby enabling the feed cover plate 11 to rotate relative to the locking bolt 14; the locking block 13 is sleeved on the outside of the locking bolt 14, and the locking nut 12 is threadedly connected to the locking bolt 14; by tightening the locking nut 12, the preload force generated by the two presses the locking block 13 and the feed cover plate 11 together, thus completing the sealing and locking of the feed inlet (see...). Figure 4 ).

[0022] The rotary joint 19 is fastened to the feed end sealing cover 111 by the joint screw 110; the feed end sealing cover 111 has an assembly through hole in the center, and a dynamic seal is built into the through hole. The anode 113 is inserted into the through hole and fits with the dynamic seal, which not only facilitates the anode disassembly and assembly, but also prevents the electrolyte inside the cavity from leaking along the insertion gap.

[0023] The conductive slip ring 17 is electrically connected to the anode 113, and the inlet 16 and outlet 18 are respectively connected to the rotary joint 19 to form a plating solution circulation loop. During operation, the cylinder rotates continuously with the drive mechanism, and the conductive slip ring 17 can stably transmit the plating current to the anode 113 in a 360° continuous rotation state, avoiding the twisting and tangling of the power cord. The matching rotary joint 19 is also adapted to the 360° rotation condition, allowing the inlet 16 and outlet 18 to continuously deliver and discharge the electrolyte, realize the circulation of plating solution in the inner cavity of the pipe, and continuously replenish the consumed metal ions. During the rotation process, the circuit and liquid circuit can work normally.

[0024] The feed end sealing ring 112 has a split structure, consisting of two half rings. The two half rings are locked with bolts to achieve radial clamping and tightness of the cylindrical pipe fitting 21. The inner side of the sealing ring is provided with a snap-fit ​​groove. The feed end sealing cover 111 is embedded in the snap-fit ​​groove to form an end face seal. The clamping force of the paired rings completes the limiting assembly of the ring and the cylindrical pipe fitting 21, without the need for rigid connection between the two.

[0025] like Figure 5 As shown, the pipe processing section 2 includes a cylindrical pipe 21 and grinding balls 22; the grinding balls 22 are loaded into the cylindrical pipe 21 from the feed end 1. During the electroplating operation, the cylindrical pipe rotates continuously, driving the internal grinding balls to roll, performing ball milling mechanical grinding on the newly formed coating on the inner wall of the pipe, instantly crushing the coarse grains of the coating and compressing the deposition pores, forming an in-situ synergistic effect with the electrodeposition process, and efficiently obtaining a high-performance coating with finer grains and higher density.

[0026] In specific implementation, the rotation speed of the cylindrical tube 21 is controlled at 20~60 r / min; the grinding balls 22 can be made of zirconia or stainless steel, with a particle size of 3~8 mm, and the filling volume occupies 15%~30% of the inner cavity volume of the cylindrical tube; the electrolyte level inside the tube is controlled at 50%~60% of the inner diameter height of the cylindrical tube to ensure that the grinding balls have sufficient impact kinetic energy; the electroplating current density is set to 1~5 A / dm², and the plating solution circulation flow rate is 0.5~2 L / min, which can continuously replenish metal ions and remove hydrogen gas and impurities generated by the reaction.

[0027] like Figure 6 As shown, the pipe support 3 includes a conductive support 31 and a conductive roller 32; the cylindrical pipe 21 is mounted on the conductive roller 32, and the external power supply is conducted to the conductive roller 32 through the conductive support 31, and then contacts the outer wall of the cylindrical pipe 21 to complete the cathode power supply; at the same time, the conductive roller can rotate synchronously with the pipe, which not only ensures continuous and stable conduction, but also reduces the frictional resistance when the pipe rotates.

[0028] like Figure 7As shown, the power end 4 includes a power end sealing cover plate 41, a power end sealing ring 42, a transmission connecting plate 43, a drive output shaft 44, and a geared motor 45. The geared motor 45 has a built-in reduction structure to reduce the motor speed and increase the output torque. Its output end is fixedly connected to the drive output shaft 44. The drive output shaft 44 is coaxially and tightly connected to the transmission connecting plate 43. The power end sealing ring 42 is a split structure. The two half rings are locked with bolts to achieve radial clamping and fixing of the cylindrical pipe. Its end face is machined with a circumferential transmission groove.

[0029] The transmission connecting plate 43 is equipped with a matching transmission boss. The transmission boss is embedded in the transmission groove to form a fitted transmission pair. The torque is transmitted by relying on the circumferential limiting of the concave and convex structure, which drives the cylindrical pipe fitting clamped and fixed with the power end sealing ring 42 to rotate synchronously. The power end sealing cover plate 41 and the power end sealing ring 42 also adopt a groove fitting sealing assembly structure. Its assembly and sealing mechanism is completely consistent with the feed end sealing structure, which can achieve reliable sealing at the power end, prevent the electrolyte in the cavity from leaking along the assembly gap, and meet the sealing requirements under the continuous rotation condition of the pipe fitting.

[0030] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An apparatus for preparing nanocrystalline coatings by ball milling composite electrodeposition, characterized in that... The system includes a pipe processing section (2), which includes a cylindrical pipe fitting (21). One end of the pipe processing section (2) is a feed end (1). The feed end (1) has an anode (113) coaxially arranged with the cylindrical pipe fitting (21) and integrates a conductive slip ring (17) and a rotary joint (19). The conductive slip ring (17) is electrically connected to the anode (113). The rotary joint (19) has an inlet (16) and an outlet (18). The conductive slip ring (17) and the rotary joint (19) rotate synchronously with the cylindrical pipe fitting (21) and maintain continuous communication. The cylindrical tube (21) is filled with several grinding balls (22). One end of the tube processing section (2) is connected to a power end (4) to drive the cylindrical tube (21) to rotate around its own axis, so as to drive the grinding balls (22) to roll and mechanically grind the newly formed coating on the inner wall. The bottom of the cylindrical pipe fitting (21) is provided with a pipe fitting support (3), which supports the cylindrical pipe fitting and makes conductive contact with the outer wall of the cylindrical pipe fitting.

2. The apparatus for preparing nanocrystalline coatings by ball milling composite electrodeposition according to claim 1, characterized in that... The feed end (1) includes a feed cover plate (11), a locking nut (12), a locking block (13), a locking bolt (14), two locking shafts (15), and a feed end sealing cover (111). The feed end sealing cover (111) is hinged to the feed cover plate (11) and the locking bolt (14) respectively through the two locking shafts (15). The locking block (13) is sleeved on the outside of the locking bolt (14), and the locking nut (12) is threadedly engaged with the locking bolt (14). When the locking nut (12) is tightened, it presses the locking block (13) against the feed cover plate (11).

3. The apparatus for preparing nanocrystalline coatings by ball milling composite electrodeposition according to claim 2, characterized in that... The feed end (1) includes a pair of feed end sealing rings (112); the feed end sealing rings (112) are split structures, and the two feed end sealing rings (112) are tightened by bolts to achieve radial clamping and clamping of the cylindrical pipe (21). The feed end sealing rings (112) have a snap-fit ​​groove on the inner side, and the feed end sealing cover (111) is embedded in the snap-fit ​​groove.

4. The apparatus for preparing nanocrystalline coatings by ball milling composite electrodeposition according to claim 3, characterized in that... The feed end (1) includes a connector screw (110) and a dynamic seal; the rotary joint (19) is fastened to the outside of the feed end sealing cover (111) by the connector screw (110); the feed end sealing cover (111) has an assembly through hole in the center, the dynamic seal is set in the assembly through hole, and the anode (113) is inserted in the assembly through hole and fits against the dynamic seal.

5. The apparatus for preparing nanocrystalline coatings by ball milling composite electrodeposition according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that... The power end (4) includes a power end sealing cover plate (41), a power end sealing ring (42), a transmission connecting plate (43), a drive output shaft (44), and a geared motor (45); the output end of the geared motor (45) is fixedly connected to the drive output shaft (44), and the drive output shaft (44) is coaxially and tightly connected to the transmission connecting plate (43); the transmission connecting plate (43) is provided with a transmission boss, and the power end sealing ring (42) is provided with a matching circumferential transmission groove, and the transmission boss is embedded in the transmission groove to form a fitted transmission pair; the power end sealing ring (42) is a split structure, and the two half rings are locked with bolts to achieve radial clamping and fixing of the cylindrical pipe (21), and the power end sealing cover plate (41) is fitted and assembled at the end of the power end sealing ring (42) through the groove.

6. The apparatus for preparing nanocrystalline coatings by ball milling composite electrodeposition according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that... The pipe support (3) includes a conductive support (31) and at least two sets of conductive rollers (32); the cylindrical pipe (21) is mounted on the conductive rollers (32), the conductive support (31) is electrically connected to the conductive rollers (32), and the conductive rollers (32) are in conductive contact with the outer wall of the cylindrical pipe (21).

7. The apparatus for preparing nanocrystalline coatings by ball milling composite electrodeposition according to claim 6, characterized in that... The groove fitting structure of the power end sealing cover (41) and the power end sealing ring (42) is the same as the groove fitting structure of the feed end sealing cover (111) and the feed end sealing ring (112).

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