A mobile tower and cable tensioning device, system and method of operation

Abstract

The application provides a mobile type tensioning device, system and working method for a tower and cable, and relates to the field of bridges. The mobile assembly is lifted along the guide rail to adjust the tensioning position. The tensioning assembly installed on the mobile assembly can be deflected with the cable tension, so that the sleeve and the cable are coaxial at all times, and the cable outlet is prevented from being bent. The tensioning assembly relies on the screw tensioning mechanism to realize the tensioning and releasing of the cable force. The control system calculates the difference value of the horizontal component forces on both sides of the tower in real time by collecting the axial cable force and the inclination angle data, adjusts the cable inclination angle through the linkage lifting mechanism, and synchronously drives the screw tensioning mechanism to correct the cable force. The closed loop reduces the unbalanced horizontal force of the tower under the premise of keeping the vertical component force constant, realizes the real-time tensioning compensation of the cable and the dynamic balance of the horizontal force of the tower body.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of bridges, specifically to a mobile tensioning device, system, and working method for a cable-stayed bridge. Background Technology

[0002] During the construction of long-span arch bridges, it is usually necessary to erect temporary gantry towers and use gantry cables to suspend, fasten, and adjust the stress on the arch rib segments. Gantry cables are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the gantry towers, and axial tension is applied by tensioning the gantry cables to control the construction alignment and internal forces of the arch ribs.

[0003] In existing construction techniques, once the cable tensioning is completed and anchored, the tension force and anchorage angle are fixed. Currently, when adjusting the tension force, it is necessary to reorganize and reinstall the tensioning equipment and perform secondary tensioning after releasing the anchorage. However, this tensioning is lagging and cannot dynamically compensate and adjust the tensioning of the tower in real time according to the stress conditions. At the same time, if the suspended structures on both sides of the tower are asymmetrical, it will lead to an imbalance of horizontal forces on both sides of the tower, which can easily induce bending or even collapse. Conventional cable-stayed bridges rely on permanent main towers and permanent cable stays to complete the suspension construction of the main beam segments without the need to erect temporary cable stays, but they also have the need for dynamic adjustment of cable forces and control of horizontal unbalanced forces on the tower columns. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a mobile tensioning device, system and working method for tensioning towers and cables, which solves the problem that existing tensioning equipment cannot flexibly perform tension compensation and adjustment.

[0005] The first objective of this invention is to provide a movable tensioning device for buckle cables, which adopts the following solution: include: Fixed components, equipped with guide rails; The moving component is equipped with guide wheels that cooperate with the guide rail, and the moving component is also equipped with a self-locking linear drive mechanism to drive the moving component to move along the guide rail; The tensioning assembly includes a housing, a lead screw, and a rotary drive. The output end of the rotary drive is connected to the first end of the lead screw via a planetary reducer. The second end of the lead screw mates with a threaded hole pre-set on the first end of the sleeve. The sleeve is slidably mounted on a support column via an ear plate. The support column is distributed parallel to the lead screw and fixed to the base. The lead screw and the sleeve form a lead screw-slider mechanism. The planetary reducer and the rotary drive are respectively mounted on the housing. A cable is fixed to the sleeve. The housing is rotatably mounted on a moving assembly, and its orientation is adjusted by rotating to follow the cable.

[0006] Furthermore, the self-locking linear drive mechanism includes a walking drive component, a worm gear mechanism, a rack parallel to the guide rail and mounted on the fixed component, and a drive gear meshing with the rack. The drive gear rotates synchronously with the worm gear and is rotatably mounted on the moving component. The output end of the walking drive component is connected to the worm gear so that the drive gear runs along the rack.

[0007] Furthermore, the rack has multiple parallel and spaced racks, each rack is fitted with a drive gear, and all drive gears are coaxially fitted with the worm gear and rotate synchronously.

[0008] Furthermore, guide rails are provided on both sides of the moving component in the direction of movement, and guide wheels are provided to cooperate with the guide rails; the moving component is attached and supported on the fixed component, serving as the reaction structure of the tensioning component.

[0009] Furthermore, a base fixed to the outer shell is provided between the planetary reducer and the ear plate. The base is provided with a through hole for the lead screw to pass through. Support columns are provided on both sides of the lead screw axis. The first end of the support column is fixedly connected to the planetary reducer, and the second end of the support column passes through the base and is fixed to the outer shell. The ear plate is provided with a sliding hole for the support column to slide.

[0010] Furthermore, hinged supports fixed to the moving component are provided on both sides of the lead screw axis. The outer shell rotates and engages with the hinged supports through the rotating shaft. The tensioning component is located on the side of the guide rail set by the fixed component. The cable is led out from the sleeve and passes through the fixed component.

[0011] Furthermore, the planetary reducer includes a mating sun gear, planetary gears, a planet carrier, and an external gear ring. The external gear ring is mounted on the housing, the sun gear is connected to the rotary drive component, and the planet carrier is connected to the lead screw.

[0012] A second objective of the present invention is to provide a mobile tensioning system utilizing a mobile tensioning device with a buckle and cable as described in the first objective.

[0013] A third objective of this invention is to provide a method for operating a movable tensioning device for a pylon and cable, utilizing the movable tensioning device for a pylon and cable as described in the first objective, comprising: The driving moving component moves along the guide rail, causing the tensioning component to adjust its position for initial tensioning, and then self-locks in place; During the movement, the tensioning component rotates relative to the moving component to adaptively adjust the orientation of the tensioning component to follow the direction of cable tension, so that the sleeve is coaxial with the connected cable. When the slewing drive is activated, its output torque passes through the planetary reducer and the lead screw in sequence, driving the sleeve to slide along the support column, thereby performing secondary tensioning on the cable fixed to the sleeve.

[0014] Furthermore, before installing the cable, adjust the lead screw to move the sleeve away from the planetary reducer to its initial position to increase the subsequent tensioning stroke.

[0015] Furthermore, each side of the fixed component is equipped with a moving component and a tensioning component. By collecting data on the axial force and inclination angle of the cable, the difference in the horizontal force component between the two sides of the fixed component is calculated. The lifting mechanism is linked to adjust the inclination angle of the cable, and the screw tensioning mechanism is driven simultaneously to correct the force. Under the premise of keeping the vertical force constant, the unbalanced horizontal force of the fixed component is reduced in a closed loop, realizing real-time tension compensation of the cable and dynamic balance of the horizontal force of the fixed component.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and positive effects of this invention are: To address the current problems of dynamic tension compensation of the cable and imbalance of horizontal forces on the tower, this invention adjusts the tensioning position by moving a component along a guide rail. The tensioning component installed on the moving component can adaptively deflect according to the cable tension, ensuring that the sleeve and cable are always coaxial and preventing cable outlet bending. The tensioning component relies on a screw tensioning mechanism to tension and release the cable force. The cable inclination angle is adjusted by a linkage lifting mechanism, and the screw tensioning mechanism is driven synchronously to correct the cable force. Under the premise of maintaining a constant vertical component force, the unbalanced horizontal force on the tower is reduced in a closed loop, achieving real-time tension compensation of the cable and dynamic balance of horizontal forces on the tower. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the invention.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the movable tensioning device for the buckle and cable in Embodiments 1, 2 and 3 of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the moving component, tensioning component, and fixing component in Embodiments 1, 2, and 3 of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the self-locking linear drive mechanism in Embodiments 1, 2 and 3 of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the tensioning components in Embodiments 1, 2 and 3 of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the movement mechanism cooperating with the guide rail in Embodiments 1, 2 and 3 of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the shell in Embodiments 1, 2 and 3 of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 7This is a schematic diagram of the cable passing through the fixing component in Embodiments 1, 2 and 3 of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the tower tensioning system in Embodiments 1, 2 and 3 of the present invention.

[0026] The components are as follows: 1. Fixed component; 2. Guide rail; 3. Moving component; 4. Guide wheel; 5. Tensioning component; 6. Housing; 7. Lead screw; 8. Rotary drive component; 9. Planetary reducer; 10. Sleeve; 11. Ear plate; 12. Support column; 13. Base; 14. Cable; 15. Hinge support; 16. Rotating shaft; 17. Travel drive component; 18. Worm gear mechanism; 19. Rack; 20. Drive gear; 21. Sun gear; 22. Planetary gear; 23. Planet carrier; 24. External gear ring; 25. Arch rib. Detailed Implementation

[0027] Example 1 In a typical embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 1 - Figure 8 As shown, a movable tensioning device for the buckle and cable is presented.

[0028] To address the problems of fixed tensioning device positions, inability to adapt to changes in cable angle and tension force requirements, and imbalances in the horizontal path of the anchor tower in existing technologies, this embodiment provides a mobile anchor tower and cable tensioning device suitable for cable tensioning operations in the construction of long-span bridges. Flexible adjustment of the tensioning position is achieved by moving the movable component along the guide rail, adaptive orientation is achieved by rotating the tensioning component, and precise positioning and reliable locking are achieved by combining a self-locking linear drive mechanism. This solves the problems of fixed tensioning positions and inability to adapt to changes in cable angle in existing technologies, enabling precise tensioning without repeated adjustments.

[0029] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the movable tensioning device of the tower and cable in this embodiment includes a fixed component 1, a movable component 3, and a tensioning component 5. The fixed component 1 provides the installation foundation and movement trajectory for the entire device, and is usually fixedly installed on the bridge structure, such as a tower structure. The corresponding guide rail 2 and other structures can be set on the inner wall of the tower. In other optional embodiments, the fixed component 1 can also be a permanent bridge tower. In this embodiment, for ease of explanation and description of the structural relationship, a tower is used as an example. The fixed component 1 is provided with a guide rail 2, which extends vertically and provides movement guidance and bears the tensioning reaction force for the movement of the movable component 3. The guide rail 2 can be a strip guide rail, a groove guide rail, or other forms of guide structure, and its shape and size are adapted to the guide wheel 4 of the movable component 3. The movable component 3 is the motion carrier of the device, carrying the tensioning component 5 to move along the guide rail 2. The main body of the movable component 3 is a box-shaped shell structure, and each motion mechanism is integrated and installed in this box-shaped shell. The movable component 3 is symmetrically equipped with guide wheels 4 on both sides. The guide wheels 4 are adapted to the shape of the guide rail 2 on the fixed component 1, and the movable component 3 moves smoothly along the guide rail 2 through rolling engagement. The guide wheels 4 are usually rollers or pulleys, and their outer contours match the cross-sectional shape of the guide rail 2 to ensure guiding accuracy and load-bearing capacity during movement. The movable component 3 also includes wheel frames that support the guide wheels 4. Extensions are formed on both sides of the wheel frames, which cover the sides of the wheel frames outside the thickness direction of the guide rail 2. The extensions are L-shaped when they engage with the guide rail 2, and the ends form sliding blocks, so that the cross-section of the entire wheel frame is “…”. The sliding block is shaped like a "" and can be inserted into a pre-set groove on the side of the guide rail 2 in the thickness direction to form an anti-detachment constraint on the moving component 3, preventing the moving component 3 from detaching along the length direction perpendicular to the guide rail 2. In addition, when the moving component 3 is subjected to lateral force from the cable 14, it can be mechanically interlocked with the side of the guide rail 2 through the baffle to prevent the moving component 3 from tipping over, thereby improving the safety and stability of the system.

[0030] The moving component 3 is equipped with a self-locking linear drive mechanism to drive the moving component 3 to move along the guide rail 2. For example... Figure 3 As shown, the self-locking linear drive mechanism includes a walking drive component 17, a worm gear mechanism 18, a rack 19 parallel to the guide rail 2 and mounted on the fixed component 1, and a drive gear 20 meshing with the rack 19.

[0031] The travel drive component 17 can be an electric motor or a hydraulic motor, and its output shaft is connected to the worm of the worm gear mechanism 18. The worm gear mechanism 18 has a large reduction ratio, smooth transmission, and self-locking capability. When the motor of the travel drive component 17 is running, the motor output shaft drives the worm to rotate, and the worm transmits power to the worm wheel, causing the worm wheel to rotate. Drive gears 20 are coaxially connected to both ends of the worm wheel to ensure synchronous movement of the drive gears 20 on both sides. The drive gears 20 mesh with the rack 19 on the fixed component 1. When the worm wheel rotates, the drive gears 20 roll along the rack 19, thereby driving the moving component 3 to move smoothly along the guide rail 2, realizing lifting control.

[0032] like Figure 3 As shown, the worm gear mechanism 18 has a self-locking capability. Because the friction angle of the worm gear transmission is greater than the helix angle, when the motor of the walking drive component 17 stops running, the worm gear mechanism 18 automatically locks its position due to its self-locking characteristic. Even if the moving component 3 is subjected to external loads such as the normal component of the tension force from the cable 14, the vertical component of the tension force, and its own weight, the worm gear mechanism 18 can reliably keep the moving component 3 in its current position, preventing accidental slippage or movement. No additional braking device is required, which improves the safety and stability of the system. It also enables the tower-cable mobile tensioning device to reliably stay at any position during the tensioning operation, providing a structural foundation for precise tensioning.

[0033] like Figure 5 As shown, to improve the stability and load-bearing capacity of the drive system, the rack 19 has multiple parallel, spaced racks, each of which is coupled with a drive gear 20. All drive gears 20 are coaxially coupled with the worm gear and rotate synchronously. The cooperation of multiple racks 19 and drive gears 20 ensures that the driving force is evenly distributed across multiple transmission points, reducing the load on individual transmission points and improving the reliability of the transmission system. Simultaneously, multi-point transmission also improves the motion stability of the moving component 3, reducing the risk of jamming or misalignment under heavy loads.

[0034] Guide rails 2 are provided on both sides of the moving component 3 in the direction of movement, and guide wheels 4 are provided to cooperate with the guide rails 2, so that the moving component 3 is attached and supported on the fixed component 1, serving as the reaction structure of the tensioning component 5.

[0035] It should be pointed out that, as Figure 1 As shown, when the moving component 3 and the tensioning component 5 are respectively arranged on a pair of sides of the fixed component 1, in order to ensure that the strength of the fixed component 1 can meet the tensioning requirements, stiffening ribs, stiffening plates, tie rods, tensile plates and other stiffening and reinforcing structures can be added between the pair of sides of the fixed component 1 to ensure the stability and safety of the structure.

[0036] When cable 14 is under tension, its axial tension is decomposed into a normal component perpendicular to the surface of fixed component 1. This normal component is transmitted to guide rail 2 via guide wheel 4, and finally to fixed component 1. Guide wheel 4 bears the normal component perpendicular to the direction of guide rail 4 from the decomposed tension of cable 14, thereby reducing the load on drive gear 20 and rack 19 and extending the service life of the transmission system. At the same time, guide wheel 4 provides normal limiting for moving component 3, maintaining a set meshing gap between drive gear 20 and rack 19, transmitting lifting and lowering motion, and effectively resisting the vertical component of cable 14 tension.

[0037] Tensioning assembly 5 is the core actuator of the device, responsible for applying axial tension force to cable 14. For example... Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the tensioning assembly 5 includes a housing 6, a lead screw 7, a rotary drive component 8, a planetary reducer 9, a sleeve 10, an ear plate 11, a support column 12, and a base 13. The housing 6 is the main structure of the tensioning assembly 5, used to install and protect the various transmission components. The housing 6 is rotatably mounted to the movable assembly 3 via a hinged support 15 and a rotating shaft 16, allowing the tensioning assembly 5 to rotate freely relative to the movable assembly 3.

[0038] The rotary drive component 8 is typically a motor, whose output is connected to the first end of the lead screw 7 via a planetary reducer 9. For example... Figure 4 , Figure 6 As shown, the planetary reducer 9 includes a sun gear 21, planetary gears 22, a planet carrier 23, and an external gear ring 24 that mesh with each other. The sun gear 21 is connected to the output shaft of the rotary drive 8 and serves as the input end; the external gear ring 24 is mounted on the housing 6 and remains stationary; the planetary gears 22 mesh between the sun gear 21 and the external gear ring 24, and revolve around the sun gear 21 while rotating with it; the planet carrier 23 supports the planetary gears 22 and outputs the revolving motion of the planetary gears 22, which is connected to the lead screw 7.

[0039] Understandably, in order to avoid the pulling force borne by the lead screw 17 directly acting on the planetary gear reducer 9, in this embodiment, the lead screw 7 and the planetary carrier 23 are connected by a coupling so that only torque is transmitted between them, and no axial tension is transmitted. The lead screw 7 is provided with a stepped section, which rotates with the stepped hole preset on the base 13, and is provided with tapered roller bearings or thrust ball bearings to transmit axial force. When the lead screw 7 pulls the cable 14, the reaction force of the pull is applied to the base 13, thereby transmitting the reaction force through the base 13 to the moving component 3 via the outer shell 6, the rotating shaft 16 and the hinge support 15, and then through the guide wheel 4 of the moving component 3 and the guide rail 2 to the fixed component 1 such as the buckle tower.

[0040] like Figure 6As shown, when the motor of the rotary drive 8 is running, the motor output shaft drives the sun gear 21 to rotate, and the sun gear 21 drives the planetary gear 22 to revolve within the fixed external gear ring 24. Since the planetary gear 22 meshes with both the sun gear 21 and the external gear ring 24, its revolution speed is much lower than the rotational speed of the sun gear 21, thus achieving speed reduction. The planetary carrier 23 is fixedly connected to the planetary gear 22, outputting the revolution motion of the planetary gear 22 to drive the lead screw 7 to perform low-speed, high-torque rotational motion. The planetary reducer 9, through speed reduction and torque amplification, converts the high-speed, low-torque input of the rotary drive 8 into low-speed, high-torque power to meet the needs of the cable 14. The planetary reducer 9 has advantages such as a large reduction ratio, compact structure, high transmission efficiency, and strong load-bearing capacity, making it suitable for high-load, high-precision tensioning operations.

[0041] The first end of the lead screw 7 is connected to the planet carrier 23 of the planetary reducer 9, and the second end mates with a threaded hole pre-set at the first end of the sleeve 10. A ball nut is installed inside the sleeve 10, and the ball nut, combined with its internal ball structure, serves as the threaded hole. The ball nut and the lead screw 7 are threaded together to form a lead screw-slider mechanism. When the lead screw 7 rotates, the ball nut drives the sleeve 10 to perform a linear translational motion along the axis of the lead screw 7. The ball nut adopts a ball circulation structure, where the balls roll in the threaded raceway, greatly reducing frictional resistance and improving transmission efficiency and service life.

[0042] like Figure 4 As shown, the sleeve 10 is slidably mounted on the support column 12 via the ear plate 11. The support column 12 is distributed parallel to the lead screw 7, symmetrically arranged on both sides of the lead screw 7 axis, constraining the tendency of the sleeve 10 to rotate with the lead screw 7. The first end of the support column 12 is connected to the external gear ring 24 of the planetary reducer 9 or a structure fixed to the external gear ring 24, and the second end of the support column 12 passes through the base 13 and is fixed to the outer casing 6. The base 13 is fixed to the outer casing 6 and has a through hole for the lead screw 7 to pass through. The lead screw 7 is rotatably connected to the base 13 through this through hole, and the lead screw 7 can rotate freely under the support of the base 13, but cannot move along the axial direction. The ear plate 11 is fixed on the sleeve 10 and has a sliding hole for the support column 12 to slide.

[0043] When the lead screw 7 rotates and drives the sleeve 10 to move along the axial direction, the ear plate 11 slides along the support column 12. The support column 12 provides guidance for the movement of the sleeve 10, ensuring that the sleeve 10 moves accurately along the axial direction of the lead screw 7, preventing the sleeve 10 from deflecting or swaying, and improving the tensioning accuracy.

[0044] The extension end of the sleeve 10 is fixed with a cable 14, such as Figure 4As shown, the extension end of the cable 14 secured by the sleeve 10 can also pass through the outer shell 6, thereby improving the ease of operation when tensioning or relaxing the cable 14, while also serving as a guide and enhancing the sealing and waterproofing performance. The cable 14 is typically a steel strand or wire bundle, with one end fixed to the extension end of the sleeve 10 by an anchor, and the other end connected to the bridge structure to be tensioned. When the lead screw 7 rotates continuously under the drive of the planetary reducer 9, the sleeve 10 drives the anchored part of its extension end to move along the axis of the lead screw 7 towards the planetary reducer 9, thereby applying an axial tension force to the cable 14 secured to the sleeve 10. Due to the large torque provided by the planetary reducer 9 and the efficient transmission of the lead screw slider mechanism, the tensioning assembly 5 can apply the required tension force to the cable 14, meeting the needs of long-span bridge construction. Conversely, when the lead screw 7 rotates in the opposite direction under the drive of the planetary reducer 9, the original tension force is released.

[0045] The outer casing 6 of the tensioning assembly 5 is rotatably mounted to the movable assembly 3 via a hinged support 15 and a rotating shaft 16. The hinged support 15 is fixed to the box-shaped outer casing of the movable assembly 3 and is typically symmetrically arranged on both sides of the axis of the lead screw 7. The outer casing 6 is rotatably connected to the hinged support 15 via the rotating shaft 16, the axis of which is perpendicular to the axis of the lead screw 7, allowing the outer casing 6 to rotate freely relative to the movable assembly 3 about the rotating shaft 16. The hinged support 15 and the rotating shaft 16 form a rotating structure, enabling the tensioning assembly 5 to have self-adjusting orientation capability.

[0046] When the moving component 3 moves along the guide rail 2, causing the tensioning component 5 to adjust its position, the tensioning component 5 will rotate relative to the moving component 3 due to the tension of the cable 14. This automatically adjusts its orientation, ensuring that the sleeve 10 and the cable 14 remain coaxial, preventing the cable 14 from bending at the outlet of the sleeve 10. Bending of the cable 14 can lead to localized stress concentration, reducing the cable's load-bearing capacity and service life, and even causing breakage. By rotating the tensioning component 5, ensuring the sleeve 10 and the cable 14 are coaxial, bending of the cable can be effectively prevented, guaranteeing the tensioning effect and cable safety.

[0047] The tensioning component 5 is located on the first side of the guide rail 2 set in the fixed component 1, such as Figure 7 As shown, cable 14 is led out from sleeve 10, passes through fixed component 1, and connects to the structure to be tensioned on the other side of fixed component 1. This allows the tension force to be effectively transmitted. Fixed component 1 acts as a reaction structure to bear the tension force, while moving component 3 and tensioning component 5 act as active tensioning mechanisms to apply tension force to cable 14.

[0048] When the mobile tensioning device with buckle and cable is in operation, it first performs preliminary tensioning and positioning.

[0049] The motor of the walking drive component 17 is started. The motor drives the drive gear 20 to roll along the rack 19 via the worm gear mechanism 18, which in turn moves the moving component 3 along the guide rail 2, thereby adjusting the position of the tensioning component 5. According to construction needs, the moving component 3 is moved to the predetermined position so that the tensioning component 5 is aligned with the anchor point of the cable to be tensioned, completing the initial tensioning. At this time, the cable 14 is already in a certain pre-tensioned state, but the tension force is relatively small. The motor of the walking drive component 17 is stopped. The worm gear mechanism 18 automatically locks the position of the moving component 3 due to its self-locking characteristic. Even under the tension from the cable 14, the moving component 3 can reliably maintain its current position, achieving precise positioning.

[0050] During the initial tensioning process, adaptive orientation adjustment is achieved. As the moving component 3 moves, the tensioning component 5 rotates relative to the moving component 3 around the pivot 16 due to the tension of the cable 14, automatically adjusting its orientation to ensure that the sleeve 10 and the cable 14 remain coaxial. This process requires no intervention and is driven by the tension of the cable 14, achieving adaptive orientation adjustment. Once the moving component 3 reaches the predetermined position and locks, the orientation of the tensioning component 5 is also determined, and the sleeve 10 and the cable 14 remain coaxial, providing conditions for subsequent precise tensioning.

[0051] Then, secondary tensioning is performed. After the initial tensioning and positioning are completed, the motor of the rotary drive component 8 is started. The motor output torque is reduced and increased through the planetary reducer 9, driving the lead screw 7 to rotate at low speed with high torque. When the lead screw 7 rotates, it drives the sleeve 10 to slide along the support column 12 through the lead screw slider mechanism. The sleeve 10 drives the cable 14 fixed to it to move closer to the planetary reducer 9, thereby applying a greater axial tension force to the cable 14, completing the secondary tensioning. During the secondary tensioning process, due to the large reduction ratio and large output torque of the planetary reducer 9, as well as the efficient transmission of the lead screw slider mechanism, the tensioning assembly 5 can apply a greater tension force to the cable 14, meeting the requirements of cable tension force for the construction of long-span bridges.

[0052] To increase the tensioning stroke and improve tensioning efficiency, the lead screw 7 can be adjusted before installing the cable 14 to move the sleeve 10 to its initial position. Specifically, before installing the cable 14, the motor of the rotary drive 8 is started, causing the lead screw 7 to rotate in the opposite direction, driving the sleeve 10 away from the planetary reducer 9 until the sleeve 10 reaches the beginning of its stroke, which serves as the initial position. In this way, during subsequent tensioning, the sleeve 10 can move from the starting point, fully utilizing its maximum stroke to achieve a greater tension.

[0053] In this embodiment, the movable tensioning device with a clasp and cable allows for flexible adjustment of the tensioning position by moving the movable component 3 along the guide rail 2, overcoming the shortcomings of fixed-position tensioning devices in existing technologies. A self-locking linear drive mechanism ensures precise positioning and reliable locking of the movable component 3, eliminating the need for additional braking devices and improving system safety. The hinged structure of the tensioning component 5 enables adaptive orientation, keeping the sleeve 10 and cable 14 coaxial, preventing cable bending, and ensuring both tensioning effectiveness and cable safety. The combination of the planetary reducer 9 and the screw-slider mechanism enables high-force, long-stroke, and high-precision tensioning operations, meeting the needs of long-span bridge construction.

[0054] Example 2 In another embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 1 - Figure 8 As shown, a mobile tensioning system is provided, which utilizes the mobile tensioning device of the buckle and cable as in Example 1.

[0055] This embodiment provides a mobile tensioning system suitable for applications involving tensioning 14 cables on both sides of a tower. For example... Figure 8 As shown, the system can be composed of two sets of movable tensioning devices for the buckle cable as in Example 1, symmetrically arranged in the inner cavity on both sides of the square column of the buckle, and can achieve active dynamic adjustment of the horizontal component force of the cable 14 on both sides of the buckle in conjunction with sensors and control system.

[0056] In the construction of long-span bridges, cables 14 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the tower. Axial tension is applied by tensioning the cables 14 to control the shape and internal forces of the arch rib 25. However, in actual construction, due to the asymmetry of the bridge structure on both sides, resulting in weight differences in the segments of the arch rib 25, as well as asynchronous tensioning and temperature changes, it is difficult to keep the axial tension of the cables 14 on both sides of the tower completely equal. This causes the tower to bear unbalanced horizontal forces at the stress nodes. When this difference exceeds the allowable range, the base of the tower will bear a large eccentric bending moment, leading to permanent deformation of the column or even structural instability.

[0057] The mobile tensioning system of this embodiment can actively adjust the anchorage height of the cables 14 on both sides of the tower while keeping the vertical component of the cable 14 constant, thereby reducing unbalanced horizontal forces and improving construction safety and intelligence.

[0058] The movable tensioning devices for the tower and its cable on both sides are respectively set on both sides of the inner cavity of the square column. The structure of each device is the same as that of the movable tensioning device for the tower and its cable provided in Example 1.

[0059] A force analysis of the mobile tensioning system is performed, defining the following variables: Let the actual axial tension forces of the cables 14 on the left and right sides of the tower be respectively... and The angles between the left and right cables 14 and the horizontal plane are respectively and The vertical force components borne by the left and right cables 14 are respectively: and During the construction of the closure of the 25 arch ribs on both sides of the tower, in order to stabilize the alignment and internal forces of the 25 arch rib segments, it is necessary to ensure the vertical forces on both sides. and It remains constant.

[0060] According to the principle of mechanical equilibrium, the axial tension of cable 14 It can be generated by a constant vertical component force. With tilt angle Represented as:

[0061] At the same time, the horizontal component of the force on cable 14 It can be represented as:

[0062] Therefore, the horizontal component of the force on the left is... The horizontal component on the right is The difference in unbalanced horizontal force experienced by the tower at the stress-bearing node. Given the difference in horizontal forces on both sides, its mechanical equilibrium equation is:

[0063] When the absolute value of the unbalanced horizontal force difference Exceeding the allowed threshold At this time, the horizontal unbalanced force will generate a large overturning moment on the tower, causing the stress at the base of the column to exceed the standard and threatening the structural safety.

[0064] To monitor the stress state of the cables 14 on both sides of the tower in real time, cable force sensors are installed inside the sleeve 10 of each movable tensioning device. These cable force sensors are strain gauge or piezoelectric sensors, installed at the anchoring connection between the sleeve 10 and the cable 14, and can monitor the axial tension of the cable 14 in real time. and Meanwhile, an tilt sensor is installed on the outer casing 6 to collect the tilt angle of the cable 14 in real time. and The tilt sensor signal, along with the tension sensor signal, is transmitted to the control system. In other alternative embodiments, the tilt sensor can be mounted on 14, and multiple tilt sensors can be configured to take the average value of the tilt angle measured.

[0065] The control system combines real-time tension, tilt angle, and preset constant vertical force to calculate the difference in unbalanced horizontal force in real time. and compare it with the preset allowable threshold. Compare the forces on both sides of the tower to determine if the horizontal components are balanced. Allowable threshold. The determination is based on the load-bearing capacity of the tower structure and construction specifications.

[0066] In this embodiment, the mobile tensioning system achieves force balance adjustment by coordinating the planetary gear 22 tensioning mechanism and the worm gear lifting mechanism. The worm gear lifting mechanism is responsible for driving the mobile device to move up and down, thereby changing the inclination angle of the cable 14. ; and when the angle of inclination When changing, in order to ensure vertical force The planetary gear 22 tensioning mechanism must operate synchronously, driving the sleeve 10 via the lead screw 7 to actively tension or relax the cable, dynamically changing the axial tension force in real time. .

[0067] The control system calculates the difference in unbalanced horizontal forces in real time. A tiered adjustment strategy is employed to activate the corresponding mechanism for adjustment. Tiered adjustment includes handling cases where the unbalanced horizontal force is directed to the left or to the right.

[0068] The following explanation will be based on the example of an unbalanced horizontal force directed to the left.

[0069] when Greater than the allowable threshold This indicates that the horizontal force on the left is too large, and the horizontal force on the right needs to be increased. To restore balance, the control system activates the travel drive 17 of the right-side moving device, driving it downwards. As the anchor point moves downwards, the inclination angle of the right-side cable 14 increases. Decrease, according to the expression It can be seen that, The smaller the horizontal component of the force on the right side Increase, thereby increasing the difference in unbalanced horizontal forces. Reduce. The key is to ensure the vertical force on the right side during this process. Unchanged, because Reduced As the tension decreases, the control system will simultaneously instruct the right planetary gear tensioning mechanism to increase the cable tension. .when When the value decreases to within the allowable threshold, the mechanism automatically locks the position, completing the adjustment.

[0070] If adjusting the right-side travel alone results in excessive travel beyond the range or interference, the left-side moving device can be adjusted simultaneously to drive it upwards. As the anchor point moves upwards, the horizontal component force on the left side decreases.

[0071] In other alternative implementations, if the unbalanced horizontal force is directed to the right, the left horizontal component can be increased or the right horizontal component can be decreased as needed.

[0072] Through this combined control mechanism of changing the tilt angle with the lifting mechanism and simultaneously changing the cable tension with the tensioning mechanism, the system can dynamically adjust the horizontal component force according to the strict force requirements when the arch ribs on both sides of the tower are closed, while ensuring that the vertical force remains constant, so as to achieve real-time balance of the unbalanced tension of the tower.

[0073] Example 3 In another typical embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 1 - Figure 8 As shown, a working method of a movable tensioning device for a pylon and cable is provided, utilizing the movable tensioning device for a pylon and cable as described in Example 1, including: The drive moving component 3 moves along the guide rail 2, causing the tensioning component 5 to adjust its position for initial tensioning, and then locks itself in place; During the movement, the tensioning component 5 rotates relative to the moving component 3 to adaptively adjust the orientation of the tensioning component 5 to follow the direction of the cable 14, so that the sleeve 10 is coaxial with the connected cable 14. When the rotary drive 8 is started, its output torque passes through the planetary reducer 9 and the lead screw 7 in sequence, driving the sleeve 10 to slide along the support column 12, thereby tensioning the cable 14 fixed to the sleeve 10.

[0074] Specifically, in combination Figure 1 - Figure 4 The working method of the mobile tensioning device with cable-stayed tower is explained in detail.

[0075] Step S1 involves preliminary tensioning and self-locking. Before the cable 14 tensioning operation begins, the operator determines the predetermined anchoring height positions of the moving devices on both sides of the tower according to the construction plan. The driving drive components 17 of the left and right moving devices are activated. The motor output shaft of the driving drive component 17 drives the worm gear to rotate, which transmits power to the worm wheel, causing it to rotate. The drive gears 20, coaxially connected at both ends of the worm wheel, roll along the rack 19 on the fixed component 1, thereby driving the moving component 3 to move smoothly up and down along the guide rail 2. By controlling the direction and timing of the driving drive component 17, the left and right moving components 3 are adjusted to the predetermined anchoring height positions, aligning the tensioning component 5 with the anchoring point of the cable 14 to be tensioned. During the movement of the moving component 3, the cable 14 has passed through the square hole on the fixed component 1 and is anchored to the bottom of the sleeve 10. The cable 14 is in a certain pre-tensioned state, but the tension force is small. The main purpose is to eliminate the slack in the cable 14 and prepare for subsequent precise tensioning. This stage is called preliminary tensioning.

[0076] To increase the tensioning stroke and improve tensioning efficiency, the lead screw 7 can be adjusted before installing the cable 14 to move the sleeve 10 to its initial position. Specifically, before installing the cable 14, the motor of the rotary drive 8 is started, causing the lead screw 7 to rotate in the opposite direction, driving the sleeve 10 away from the planetary reducer 9 until the sleeve 10 reaches the beginning of its stroke, which serves as the initial position. In this way, during subsequent tensioning, the sleeve 10 can move from the starting point, fully utilizing its maximum stroke to achieve a greater tension.

[0077] Step S2 is adaptive orientation adjustment. During the movement of the moving component 3 in step S1, the inclination angle of the cable 14 changes with the anchoring height. If the orientation of the tensioning component 5 remains fixed and the axis of the sleeve 10 maintains its initial direction, then when the inclination angle of the cable 14 changes, the cable 14 will inevitably form an angle with the axis of the sleeve 10 when it is led out from the sleeve 10, generating a lateral bending force at the outlet of the sleeve 10, causing local stress concentration in the cable 14. To avoid bending of the cable 14, in this embodiment, the outer shell 6 of the tensioning component 5 of the movable tensioning device is rotatably mounted on the moving component 3 through a hinged support 15. The axis of the pivot 16 of the hinged support 15 is perpendicular to the axis of the lead screw 7, allowing the outer shell 6 to rotate freely relative to the moving component 3 around the pivot 16.

[0078] Step S3 involves secondary tensioning and dynamic adjustment of the unbalanced force. After steps S1 and S2 are completed, the moving component 3 has been adjusted to the predetermined anchoring height and self-locked. The tensioning component 5 has adaptively adjusted its orientation to make the sleeve 10 coaxial with the cable 14. To ensure that the cable 14 reaches the set final cable force, the system performs secondary tensioning. The rotary drive 8 is started, and the motor of the rotary drive 8 rotates in the forward direction. The motor output shaft drives the sun gear 21 of the planetary reducer 9 to rotate. The sun gear 21 drives the planetary gear 22 to revolve within the fixed external gear ring 24. The planet carrier 23 outputs the revolving motion of the planetary gear 22, driving the lead screw 7 to rotate at low speed and high torque. When the lead screw 7 rotates, the sleeve 10 is driven to move along the axis of the lead screw 7 through the lead screw slider mechanism. The sleeve 10 slides along the support column 12 through the ear plate 11, moving away from the fixed component 1. The bottom of the sleeve 10 is anchored to the cable 14. When the sleeve 10 moves, it drives the cable 14 to move away from the fixed component 1, thereby applying axial tension to the cable 14. The large reduction ratio and large output torque of the planetary reducer 9, as well as the efficient transmission of the screw-slider mechanism, enable the tensioning component 5 to apply a larger tension to the cable 14, meeting the strict requirements of cable 14 tension for long-span bridge construction.

[0079] As described in Example 2, in the construction of long-span bridges, cables 14 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the anchor tower. Axial tension is applied by tensioning the cables 14 to control the shape and internal forces of the arch rib 25. However, in actual construction, due to the asymmetry of the bridge structure on both sides, resulting in weight differences in the segments of the arch rib 25, as well as asynchronous tensioning and temperature changes, it is difficult to keep the axial tension of the cables 14 on both sides of the anchor tower completely equal. This causes the anchor tower to bear longitudinal unbalanced horizontal forces at the stress nodes. When this difference exceeds the allowable range, the base of the anchor tower will bear a large eccentric bending moment, leading to permanent deformation of the column or even structural instability. Therefore, dynamic adjustment of the unbalanced forces is required. The mobile tensioning system of this embodiment can actively adjust the anchoring height of the cables 14 on both sides of the anchor tower while keeping the vertical component of the cable 14 constant, thereby reducing the unbalanced horizontal forces and improving construction safety and intelligence.

[0080] The mobile tensioning system achieves force balance adjustment by coordinating the planetary gear tensioning mechanism 22 with the worm gear lifting mechanism. The worm gear lifting mechanism drives the mobile device to move up and down, thereby changing the inclination angle of the cable 14. ; and when the angle of inclination When changing, in order to ensure vertical force The planetary gear 22 tensioning mechanism must operate synchronously, driving the sleeve 10 via the lead screw 7 to actively tension or relax the cable, dynamically changing the axial tension force in real time. .

[0081] The control system calculates the difference in unbalanced horizontal forces in real time. A tiered adjustment strategy is employed to activate the corresponding mechanism for adjustment. Tiered adjustment includes handling cases where the unbalanced horizontal force is directed to the left or to the right.

[0082] The specific adjustment process and principle are described in Example 2, and will not be repeated in this example.

[0083] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A movable tensioning device for a buckle cable, characterized in that, include: Fixed components, equipped with guide rails; The moving component is equipped with guide wheels that cooperate with the guide rail, and the moving component is also equipped with a self-locking linear drive mechanism to drive the moving component to move along the guide rail; The tensioning assembly includes a housing, a lead screw, and a rotary drive. The output end of the rotary drive is connected to the first end of the lead screw via a planetary reducer. The second end of the lead screw mates with a threaded hole pre-set on the first end of the sleeve. The sleeve is slidably mounted on a support column via an ear plate. The support column is distributed parallel to the lead screw and fixed to the base. The lead screw and the sleeve form a lead screw-slider mechanism. The planetary reducer and the rotary drive are respectively mounted on the housing. A cable is fixed to the sleeve. The housing is rotatably mounted on a moving assembly, and its orientation is adjusted by rotating to follow the cable.

2. The movable tensioning device for the buckle and cable as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The self-locking linear drive mechanism includes a walking drive component, a worm gear mechanism, a rack parallel to the guide rail and mounted on the fixed component, and a drive gear meshing with the rack. The drive gear rotates synchronously with the worm gear and is rotatably mounted on the moving component. The output end of the walking drive component is connected to the worm gear so that the drive gear runs along the rack.

3. The movable tensioning device for the buckle and cable as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The rack has multiple parallel and spaced racks, each rack is fitted with a drive gear, and all drive gears are coaxial with the worm gear and rotate synchronously.

4. The movable tensioning device for the anchor tower and anchor cable as described in claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The moving component is provided with guide rails on both sides of its moving direction, and guide wheels are provided to cooperate with the guide rails; the moving component is attached and supported on the fixed component, serving as the reaction structure of the tensioning component.

5. The movable tensioning device for the buckle and cable as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The planetary reducer and the ear plate are provided with a base fixed to the outer shell. The base is provided with a through hole for the lead screw to pass through. Support columns are provided on both sides of the lead screw axis. The first end of the support column is fixedly connected to the planetary reducer, and the second end of the support column passes through the base and is fixed to the outer shell. The ear plate is provided with a sliding hole for the support column to slide.

6. The movable tensioning device for the anchor tower and cable as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The lead screw axis is provided with hinged supports fixed to the moving component on both sides. The outer shell rotates and engages with the hinged supports through the rotating shaft. The tensioning component is located on the side of the fixed component with the guide rail. The cable is led out from the sleeve and passes through the fixed component.

7. The movable tensioning device for the buckle and cable as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The planetary reducer includes a matching sun gear, planetary gears, planet carrier, and external gear ring. The external gear ring is mounted on the housing, the sun gear is connected to the rotary drive component, and the planet carrier is connected to the lead screw.

8. A mobile tensioning system, characterized in that, The movable tensioning device for the buckle and cable as described in any one of claims 1-7 is used.

9. A method for operating a movable tensioning device for a tower and cable, utilizing the movable tensioning device for a tower and cable as described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, include: The driving moving component moves along the guide rail, causing the tensioning component to adjust its position for initial tensioning, and then self-locks in place; During the movement, the tensioning component rotates relative to the moving component to adaptively adjust the orientation of the tensioning component to follow the direction of cable tension, so that the sleeve is coaxial with the connected cable. The slewing drive unit is started, and its output torque passes through the planetary reducer and the lead screw in sequence to drive the sleeve to slide along the support column, thereby performing secondary tensioning on the cable fixed to the sleeve. Before installing the cable, the lead screw is adjusted so that the sleeve moves away from the planetary reducer to its initial position, thereby increasing the subsequent tensioning stroke.

10. The working method of the movable tensioning device for the anchor tower and cable as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The fixed component is equipped with a moving component and a tensioning component on both sides. By collecting data on the axial force and inclination angle of the cable, the difference in the horizontal force of the cable on both sides of the fixed component is calculated. The lifting mechanism is linked to adjust the inclination angle of the cable, and the screw tensioning mechanism is driven to correct the force. Under the premise of keeping the vertical force constant, the unbalanced horizontal force of the fixed component is reduced in a closed loop, realizing real-time tension compensation of the cable and dynamic balance of the horizontal force of the fixed component.

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