Ecological construction method and ecological structure for vertical seawall

Abstract

The present application relates to the construction method of seawall engineering, disclose a kind of ecological construction method and ecological structure for vertical seawall;Ecological construction method includes: S10, the vertical seawall is divided into upper tidal zone, middle intertidal zone and lower submerged zone;S20, interface enhancement layer is sprayed on the vertical surface and waits to solidify, interface enhancement layer is used to improve the adhesion of vertical surface;S30, micro-porous concrete is sprayed on interface enhancement layer, and concrete curing is carried out;S40, a plurality of holes are drilled in the micro-porous concrete corresponding to the upper tidal zone, the middle intertidal zone and the lower submerged zone, the diameter and the depth of the hole in the lower area are larger;S50, preformed ecological filling body is pressed into a plurality of holes, and the ecological filling body is a porous structure;Ecological structure is rough, absorbs water, and is convenient for marine organisms to attach and survive, and the porous structure can provide a relatively safe habitat for animals and plants.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a construction method for seawall engineering, and in particular to an ecological construction method and ecological structure for vertical seawalls. Background Technology

[0002] Seawall engineering is divided into two main categories: sloping seawalls and vertical seawalls. Vertical seawalls, due to their low material consumption and small footprint, have become the main type of seawall used in deep-water wharves. However, marine ecological problems have also emerged with the application of vertical seawalls.

[0003] In sloping seawalls, the base of the natural intertidal zone is a gently sloping slope. As the tide rises and falls daily, it creates a flooded area of ​​tens or even hundreds of meters in the horizontal direction. This area is an environment with continuously changing physical conditions, thus indicating the attachment of benthic organisms.

[0004] The vertical seawall directly replaces the gentle slope space with a wall perpendicular to the sea surface. The habitat that originally moved slowly with the tide is now compressed into a small horizontal space. Most benthic organisms cannot attach and move on the smooth vertical surface for a long time, and the habitat has basically disappeared.

[0005] Therefore, how to carry out ecological transformation of the facade of vertical seawalls has become an urgent technical problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is: how to carry out ecological transformation of the facade of a vertical seawall.

[0007] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides an ecological construction method and ecological structure for vertical seawalls.

[0008] In a first aspect, the present invention provides an ecological construction method for a vertical seawall, comprising: S10, dividing the vertical seawall into an upper splash zone, a middle intertidal zone, and a lower submerged zone, wherein the upper splash zone is above the average high tide level, the middle intertidal zone is between the average high tide level and the average low tide level, and the lower submerged zone is below the average low tide level; S20, spraying an interface reinforcement layer onto the vertical surface and waiting for it to solidify, the interface reinforcement layer being used to improve the adhesion of the vertical surface; S30, spraying microporous concrete onto the interface reinforcement layer and performing concrete curing; S40, drilling a plurality of holes in the microporous concrete corresponding to the upper splash zone, the middle intertidal zone, and the lower submerged zone, wherein the holes in the upper splash zone have the smallest diameter, the smallest depth, and the largest arrangement density, and the holes in the lower submerged zone have the largest diameter, the largest depth, and the smallest arrangement density; S50, pressing a pre-formed ecological filler into the plurality of holes, the ecological filler having a porous structure.

[0009] In one embodiment, step S30, spraying microporous concrete onto the interface reinforcement layer includes: S301, sequentially spraying a first layer of microporous concrete and a second layer of microporous concrete onto the interface reinforcement layer, wherein the thickness of the first layer of microporous concrete is greater than the thickness of the second layer of microporous concrete.

[0010] In one embodiment, step S301, sequentially spraying a first layer of microporous concrete and a second layer of microporous concrete onto the interface reinforcement layer, includes: S3011, in the upper splash zone, spraying the first layer of microporous concrete horizontally from bottom to top with an overlap width of one-third of the spray width; spraying the second layer of microporous concrete vertically from top to bottom with an overlap width of one-quarter of the spray width; S3012, in the middle intertidal zone, spraying the first layer of microporous concrete at a 45-degree angle from bottom to top with an overlap width of one-half of the spray width; spraying the second layer of microporous concrete at a 135-degree angle with an overlap width of one-third of the spray width; S3013, in the lower submerged zone, spraying the first layer of microporous concrete horizontally from bottom to top with an overlap width of one-half of the spray width; spraying the second layer of microporous concrete vertically from bottom to top with an overlap width of one-third of the spray width.

[0011] In one embodiment, before step S301, the ecological construction method further includes: S21, adding a water-retaining agent when preparing the first layer of microporous concrete; S22, adding a flocculant when preparing the second layer of microporous concrete.

[0012] In one embodiment, the spraying pressure of the first layer of microporous concrete is greater than that of the second layer of microporous concrete.

[0013] In one embodiment, before step S20, the ecological construction method further includes: S11, roughening the facade to form a rough surface with a depth of 2 to 4 millimeters, the rough surface being used to spray an interface reinforcement layer.

[0014] In one embodiment, after step S40 and before step S50, the ecological construction method further includes: S41, preparing an ecological filler and applying epoxy adhesive to the outer wall of the ecological filler.

[0015] A second aspect of the present invention provides an ecological structure for a vertical seawall, the ecological structure being obtained by the ecological construction method provided in the first aspect of the present invention. The ecological structure includes: a facade, which is the outer surface of the vertical seawall in contact with seawater, and is divided into an upper splash zone, a middle intertidal zone, and a lower submerged zone from top to bottom; an interface reinforcement layer, which is sprayed onto the facade to improve its adhesion; microporous concrete, which is sprayed onto the interface reinforcement layer, and has a plurality of holes drilled in it, with the holes in the upper splash zone having the smallest diameter, the smallest depth, and the largest density, and the holes in the lower submerged zone having the largest diameter, the largest depth, and the smallest density; and a plurality of ecological fillers, which are pressed into the plurality of holes one-to-one, the ecological fillers being used to provide habitats for marine life.

[0016] In one embodiment, the microporous concrete comprises silicate cement, fly ash, coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, cetearyl glucoside, protein-based foaming agent, tannic acid-modified hydroxyapatite powder, rosin thermal polymer air-entraining agent, and water; the weight ratio of each material is 75:25:125:190:0.25:0.65:6:0.016:52.

[0017] In one embodiment, the ecological filler includes volcanic rock, zeolite, and sulfoaluminate cement, with a mass ratio of 5:3:2. The particle size of the volcanic rock is 5 to 15 mm, the particle size of the zeolite is 3 to 8 mm, and the diameter of the ecological filler is adapted to the diameter of its corresponding pores.

[0018] The ecological construction method and ecological structure for vertical seawalls proposed in this invention have the following advantages compared with existing technologies: An interface reinforcement layer is used to improve the adhesion of the seawall facade. The microporous concrete is covered by spraying, which is equivalent to using the interface reinforcement layer, a chemical material, to replace biological attachment. The facade, which is difficult to attach to, is sprayed with a layer of microporous concrete. Due to the high roughness of the microporous structure and its high water absorption capacity, it is easy for marine organisms to attach and can retain a certain amount of moisture to achieve a buffer-like function.

[0019] Meanwhile, the area is divided into three zones using the mean high tide level and the mean low tide level. Different hole arrangements are used in different zones. The uppermost splash zone is always above the sea surface, and this zone can provide a habitat for drought-resistant plants, so there is no need to make large holes. The lowermost submerged zone is always below the sea surface and has a higher water requirement, so larger holes can be drilled to allow small fish, shrimp and other organisms to inhabit it. The middle intertidal zone is within the range of sea level changes and is in a periodic change, so the holes set there can be used to allow marine organisms with tidal habits to attach.

[0020] Attached algae and mosses take root in the ecological fill and grow further, forming a carpet-like layer of algae on the surface of the vertical seawall. The presence of this carpet-like cover narrows the range of humidity and temperature fluctuations on the surface of the vertical seawall after the tide recedes, creating a relatively constant physical environment. This complex structure provides a good living space for snails and crustaceans, promoting the enhancement of ecosystem diversity.

[0021] Understandably, by pressing porous ecological fillers into the holes, it is suitable for the implantation of plant seeds, forming a suitable habitat for small fish and shrimp, and can provide a relatively safe habitat for animals and plants, providing a safer shelter than individual holes. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating an ecological construction method for vertical seawalls, as exemplarily shown in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating an ecological construction method for vertical seawalls using sprayed multilayer microporous concrete, as exemplified in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating an ecological construction method for vertical seawalls using zoned spraying, as exemplarily shown in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating an ecological construction method for vertical seawalls, specifically involving the addition of additives and the pre-preparation of ecological fillers, as exemplarily shown in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 5 This is a front view of an ecological structure for a vertical seawall, as exemplarily shown in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 6 This is a side sectional view of an ecological structure for a vertical seawall, as exemplarily illustrated in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure label: 1. Facade; 11. Upper splash zone; 12. Middle intertidal zone; 13. Lower submerged zone; 2. Average high tide level; 3. Average low tide level; 4. Interface reinforcement layer; 5. Microporous concrete; 511. Pores; 512. Ecological filler; 51. First layer of microporous concrete; 52. Second layer of microporous concrete. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0030] It should be understood that although the terms first, second, third, etc., may be used in this invention to describe various structures, these structures should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish structures of the same type from each other. For example, a first structure may also be referred to as a second structure without departing from the scope of this invention, and similarly, a second structure may also be referred to as a first structure. Depending on the context, the word "if" as used herein can be interpreted as "when," "when," or "in response to determination."

[0031] Seawall engineering is divided into two main categories: sloping seawalls and vertical seawalls. Vertical seawalls, due to their low material consumption and small footprint, have become the main type of seawall used in deep-water wharves. However, marine ecological problems have also emerged with the application of vertical seawalls.

[0032] In sloping seawalls, the base of the natural intertidal zone is a gently sloping slope. As the tide rises and falls daily, it creates a flooded area of ​​tens or even hundreds of meters in the horizontal direction. This area is an environment with continuously changing physical conditions, thus indicating the attachment of benthic organisms.

[0033] The vertical seawall directly replaces the gentle slope space with a wall perpendicular to the sea surface. The habitat that originally moved slowly with the tide is now compressed into a small horizontal space. Most benthic organisms cannot attach and move on the smooth vertical surface for a long time, and the habitat has basically disappeared.

[0034] In order to carry out ecological transformation of the facade 1 of the vertical seawall, such as Figure 1 As shown in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, an ecological construction method for a vertical seawall is provided. The ecological construction method includes: S10. Divide the vertical seawall facade 1 into an upper splash zone 11, a middle intertidal zone 12, and a lower submerged zone 13. The upper splash zone 11 is above the average high tide level 2, the middle intertidal zone 12 is located between the average high tide level 2 and the average low tide level 3, and the lower submerged zone 13 is below the average low tide level 3.

[0035] S20. Spray an interface reinforcement layer 4 onto facade 1 and wait for it to solidify. The interface reinforcement layer 4 is used to improve the adhesion of facade 1.

[0036] S30. Spray microporous concrete 5 onto the interface reinforcement layer 4 and perform concrete curing.

[0037] S40. Several holes 511 are drilled in the microporous concrete 5 corresponding to the upper splash zone 11, the middle intertidal zone 12 and the lower submerged zone 13. The holes 511 in the upper splash zone 11 have the smallest diameter, the smallest depth and the largest arrangement density, while the holes 511 in the lower submerged zone 13 have the largest diameter, the largest depth and the smallest arrangement density.

[0038] S50. Pre-formed ecological filler 512 is pressed into several holes 511. The ecological filler 512 has a porous structure.

[0039] Using an interface reinforcement layer 4, a chemical material, to replace biological attachment, the adhesion of the difficult-to-attach facade 1 is improved by the interface reinforcement layer 4. The microporous concrete 5 is covered by spraying. Due to the high roughness of the microporous structure, it is easy for marine organisms to attach. In addition, the microporous concrete 5 has high water absorption capacity and can retain a certain amount of moisture to achieve a function similar to a buffer zone.

[0040] Meanwhile, the area is divided into three zones using the average high tide level 2 and the average low tide level 3. Different holes 511 are arranged in different zones. The uppermost splash zone 11 is always above the sea surface and can be used for drought-resistant plants to attach, so there is no need to make large holes 511. The lowermost submerged zone 13 is always below the sea surface and has a higher demand for water, so larger holes 511 can be drilled to allow small fish, shrimp and other organisms to inhabit it. The middle intertidal zone 12 is within the range of sea surface changes and is in periodic change. The holes 511 set there can be used for marine organisms with tidal habits to attach.

[0041] By employing pores of different sizes, depths, and arrangement densities, the system adapts to the survival needs of marine plants and animals of different sizes and living habits, and provides a buffering function from dry to wet conditions.

[0042] Understandably, by pressing porous ecological filler 512 into the holes 511, it is suitable for both the implantation of plant seeds and the habitat of small fish and shrimp, providing a safer habitat for plants and animals, and providing a safer shelter than a single hole 511.

[0043] In addition, the method of first spraying microporous concrete 5 and then drilling holes 511, compared with drilling holes directly on the seawall facade 1, will not damage the structure of the seawall, will not affect the structural strength of the seawall, and will not cause the risk of exposed corrosion of the seawall steel structure.

[0044] Since the original seawall structure is not damaged, it is more conducive to promoting the solution of this invention, achieving comprehensive transformation, and optimizing the overall ecological environment.

[0045] Understandably, ecological fillers have many pores, which have the function of moisturizing and temperature control. The larger the area of ​​such fillers in a surface layer, the higher the moisture retention of the surface layer after the tide recedes, and the smaller the temperature fluctuation, which is conducive to creating a physical environment on the seawall surface suitable for the survival of organisms.

[0046] When attached algae and mosses take root in the ecological filler, they can form clusters of small algae after growing for a period of time. These algae provide a living space for small crustaceans (such as amphipods), and even after the tide recedes, the amphipods can still hide in the algae.

[0047] As algae and mosses in the ecological fill grow and expand, they can form a carpet-like layer of algae on the surface of the vertical seawall. The presence of this carpet-like covering layer narrows the range of humidity and temperature fluctuations on the surface of the vertical seawall after the tide recedes, creating a relatively constant physical environment. This complex structure provides a good living space for snails and crustaceans, promoting the enhancement of ecosystem diversity.

[0048] Microporous concrete 5 is a general term for a type of concrete. The present invention also provides an exemplary formula. For example, in one embodiment, microporous concrete 5 may include silicate cement, fly ash, coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, cetearyl glucoside, protein-based foaming agent, tannic acid modified hydroxyapatite powder, rosin thermal polymer air-entraining agent, and water; the weight ratio of each material is 75:25:125:190:0.25:0.65:6:0.016:52.

[0049] It is understandable that the weight percentage is based on the main material, and other materials are weighed according to the proportion. For example, in the above embodiment, silicate cement (75 parts by weight) and fly ash (25 parts by weight) are the main materials, which are exactly 100 parts by weight. Other materials are weighed based on this, which can easily replicate concrete materials.

[0050] Since microporous concrete 5 with pores can still be obtained by changing the proportions, the above formula is only exemplary and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Microporous concrete 5 using other components also falls within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0051] Specifically, concrete curing can be carried out in zones, as follows: after the ecological filler mixture is filled, the microporous concrete 5 in the upper splash zone 11 continues to cure for 7-14 days, the microporous concrete 5 in the middle intertidal zone 12 continues to cure for 14-21 days, and the microporous concrete 5 in the lower submerged zone 13 continues to cure for 21-28 days. For the microporous concrete 5 in the upper splash zone 11, the curing time can be 7 days, 10 days, or 14 days, and the curing equipment used can be curing cloth or spray curing machine; for the microporous concrete 5 in the middle intertidal zone 12, the curing time can be 14 days, 17 days, or 21 days, and the curing equipment used can be curing cloth, spray curing machine, or plastic film; for the microporous concrete 5 in the lower submerged zone 13, the curing time can be 21 days, 25 days, or 28 days, and the curing equipment used can be plastic film.

[0052] By adopting this technical solution, the present invention employs differentiated curing times and methods based on the different tidal environments and humidity conditions of the upper splash zone 11, the middle intertidal zone 12, and the lower submerged zone 13. This ensures that the double-layer microporous concrete 5 and the ecological filler 512 are fully hydrated, avoiding problems such as shrinkage cracks and insufficient strength caused by improper curing. It effectively improves their mechanical properties and durability, enabling them to better adapt to their respective use environments and extend the overall service life of the seawall.

[0053] To achieve a better water retention effect, in one embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 2 As shown, step S30, the step of spraying microporous concrete 5 onto the interface reinforcement layer 4 may include: S301, sequentially spraying a first layer of microporous concrete 51 and a second layer of microporous concrete 52 onto the interface reinforcement layer 4, wherein the thickness of the first layer of microporous concrete 51 is greater than the thickness of the second layer of microporous concrete 52.

[0054] By spraying the first layer of microporous concrete 51 and the second layer of microporous concrete 52 in sequence, a greater water retention capacity can be achieved compared to a single layer of concrete, and deeper holes 511 can be drilled to provide more habitat space.

[0055] Furthermore, by setting different thicknesses, with the thicker first layer of microporous concrete 51 on the inside and the second layer of microporous concrete 52 on the outside, it is adapted to the characteristics of stronger adhesion and bearing capacity near the facade 1, using thicker layers in areas with high bearing capacity and thinner layers in areas with low bearing capacity.

[0056] Correspondingly, in step S40, a number of holes 511 are drilled in the microporous concrete 5 corresponding to the upper splash zone 11, the middle intertidal zone 12 and the lower flood zone 13. Specifically, holes 511 are drilled in the first layer of concrete and the second layer of concrete.

[0057] In an exemplary embodiment, an array of holes 511 with a diameter of 8-12 mm can be drilled in the microporous concrete 5 corresponding to the upper splash zone 11, with a hole depth of 30-45 mm and a hole density of 60-120 holes / m²; an array of holes 511 with a diameter of 12-18 mm can be drilled in the microporous concrete 5 corresponding to the middle intertidal zone 12, with a hole depth of 45-60 mm and a hole density of 40-80 holes / m²; and an array of holes 511 with a diameter of 18-25 mm can be drilled in the microporous concrete 5 corresponding to the lower submerged zone 13, with a hole depth of 40-60 mm and a hole density of 20-50 holes / m². It is understood that... Figure 5 The arrangement in the text is merely illustrative and is intended to facilitate understanding of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0058] Furthermore, in one embodiment, such as Figure 3 As shown, in step S301, sequentially spraying the first layer of microporous concrete 51 and the second layer of microporous concrete 52 onto the interface reinforcement layer 4 includes: S3011. In the upper splash zone 11, spray the first layer of microporous concrete 51 horizontally from bottom to top, with an overlap width of one-third of the spray width; spray the second layer of microporous concrete 52 vertically from top to bottom, with an overlap width of one-quarter of the spray width.

[0059] S3012. In the central intertidal zone 12, spray the first layer of microporous concrete 51 from bottom to top at a 45-degree angle, with an overlap width of half the spray width; spray the second layer of microporous concrete 52 at a 135-degree angle, with an overlap width of one-third the spray width.

[0060] S3013. In the lower flooded area 13, the first layer of microporous concrete 51 is sprayed horizontally from bottom to top, with an overlap width of half the spray width; the second layer of microporous concrete 52 is sprayed vertically from bottom to top, with an overlap width of one-third the spray width.

[0061] By using overlap widths with different directions and different degrees of overlap, the uniformity of spraying can be effectively improved, allowing the first layer of microporous concrete 51 and the second layer of microporous retarder to adhere firmly.

[0062] Moreover, this overlapping structure ensures that both adjacent sprays are dense and do not create large gaps, thereby reducing the erosion of the original seawall facade by tides.

[0063] It is understood that this invention does not limit the spraying width, which depends on the actual spraying equipment. In actual project construction, considering the limited bearing capacity of vertical seawalls, small equipment can be used for spraying to reduce damage to the vertical seawalls.

[0064] Different spraying angles are used to indicate the angle of change between two sprayings. Considering that the vertical seawall 1 may not be vertical, the specific direction of the spraying may vary depending on the actual reference base.

[0065] like Figure 4 As shown, in one embodiment, before step S301, the ecological construction method further includes: S21, adding a water-retaining agent when preparing the first layer of microporous concrete 51; S22, adding a flocculant when preparing the second layer of microporous concrete 52.

[0066] By adding a water-retaining agent, the water retention capacity of the first layer of microporous concrete 51 can be increased. Since the first layer of microporous concrete 51 is located inside the second layer of microporous concrete 52, adding the water-retaining agent to the first layer of microporous concrete 51 makes it easier to achieve the water retention effect. The water-retaining agent can lock in the moisture in the cement, slowing down moisture loss, allowing it to dry and harden slowly, and making it less prone to cracking, powdering, and hollowing in the later stages.

[0067] Furthermore, the addition of flocculant to the second layer of microporous concrete 52 allows the sand and cement slurry to bind together better, reducing the likelihood of segregation and water seepage. This is particularly suitable for the pumped concrete application method used in this invention, reducing pipe blockage and ensuring more stable flowability. The flocculant also has a certain water-retention effect, which helps improve the structural stability of the microporous concrete 5.

[0068] For example, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose can be used as a water-retaining agent and polyacrylamide as a flocculant.

[0069] It is understood that the above embodiments of the present invention are merely exemplary. In other embodiments, water-retaining agents and flocculants may be added to both the first layer of microporous concrete 51 and the second layer of microporous concrete 52.

[0070] In a further embodiment, the spraying pressure of the first layer of microporous concrete 51 is greater than the spraying pressure of the second layer of microporous concrete 52.

[0071] The construction method of spraying the first layer of microporous concrete 51 at a higher spraying pressure than the second layer of microporous concrete 52 can simultaneously take into account the needs of structural stability and ecological creation. The first layer of microporous concrete 51 relies on a higher spraying pressure to allow the concrete to fully fit into the base gaps. After compaction and molding, the structure is dense and solid, effectively improving the overall bonding strength, impermeability and load-bearing stability of the sprayed layer, and consolidating the foundation protection effect of the project.

[0072] The second layer of microporous concrete has a reduced spraying pressure (52). The resulting surface layer is not overly dense and smooth, but rather has a naturally rough texture with uneven surfaces. This type of surface can well accommodate plant roots and climbing, and also provides space for small organisms to land and crawl, making it convenient for plants and animals to live and reproduce here, gradually forming a natural ecological attachment environment, and ultimately achieving a coordinated unity between structural safety protection and ecological restoration.

[0073] In addition, such as Figure 4 As shown, in one embodiment, before step S20, the ecological construction method further includes: S11, roughening the facade 1 to form a rough surface with a depth of 2 to 4 mm, and the rough surface is used to spray the interface reinforcement layer 4.

[0074] The equipment used for roughening can be an electric hammer with a roughening head or a pneumatic roughening machine. These devices can be installed facing the seawall facade 1 to ensure that the roughening operation can cover the entire facade 1.

[0075] The depth of the rough surface formed by chiseling can be selected as 2mm, 3mm or 4mm. After the rough surface is formed, the vertical surface 1 needs to be cleaned. A blower or a high-pressure water gun can be used. The blower or high-pressure water gun is mounted on one side of the vertical surface 1 to clean up the debris and dust generated by chiseling, ensuring that the vertical surface 1 is free of debris, and preparing for the subsequent spraying of the interface reinforcement layer 4.

[0076] The rough surface formed by chiseling can effectively increase the physical contact area between the interface reinforcement layer 4 and the vertical surface 1, allowing the interface reinforcement layer 4 material to be better embedded in the concave and convex structure of the rough surface, significantly improving the bonding strength between the two, preventing the interface reinforcement layer 4 from falling off under the action of external forces such as wave impact and temperature changes before the completion of construction, providing a stable and reliable foundation for the subsequent double-layer microporous concrete 5 structure, and thus improving the integrity and load-bearing capacity of the entire seawall structure.

[0077] In one embodiment, such as Figure 4 As shown, after step S40 and before step S50, the ecological construction method further includes: S41, preparing ecological filler 512 and applying epoxy adhesive to the outer wall of ecological filler 512.

[0078] The epoxy adhesive used can be a two-component epoxy structural adhesive, which is a readily available industrial-grade product with good bonding performance. After application, it needs to be left to dry for a period of time, which can be 5-10 minutes. The drying environment can be a room temperature and well-ventilated place, avoiding direct sunlight and rain. The purpose of drying is to allow the adhesive to initially cure, thereby improving the subsequent bonding effect with the 511 hole walls.

[0079] Understandably, the epoxy adhesive application to the eco-filler 512 can be performed at any step before embedding it into the hole 511, or ready-made eco-filler 512 pre-coated with epoxy adhesive can be purchased. If applying the adhesive yourself, the drying environment does not need to be near the seawall; it can be done in any suitable environment.

[0080] By applying epoxy adhesive to the outer wall of the ecological filler 512, this invention can effectively improve the bonding strength and sealing between the ecological filler 512 and the wall of the hole 511, preventing the ecological filler 512 from loosening or falling off under the action of external forces such as wave impact and ocean current disturbance, ensuring the long-term stability of the filling structure inside the hole 511, and reducing the erosion of the internal structure of the seawall by seawater seeping in through the gaps, thus taking into account both the ecological performance and structural durability of the seawall.

[0081] Accordingly, the present invention also provides an ecological structure for a vertical seawall, the ecological structure being obtained by the ecological construction method provided in the first aspect of the present invention, the ecological structure comprising a facade 1, an interface reinforcement layer 4, and microporous concrete 5.

[0082] Facade 1 is the outer surface of the vertical seawall in contact with seawater. Facade 1 is divided into an upper splash zone 11, a middle intertidal zone 12, and a lower submerged zone 13, from top to bottom. An interface reinforcement layer 4 is sprayed onto facade 1 to improve its adhesion. Microporous concrete 5 is sprayed onto the interface reinforcement layer 4. Several holes 511 are drilled in the microporous concrete 5. The holes 511 in the upper splash zone 11 have the smallest diameter, the smallest depth, and the largest density, while the holes 511 in the lower submerged zone 13 have the largest diameter, the largest depth, and the smallest density. Several ecological fillers 512 are pressed into the holes 511 one-to-one, providing habitats for marine life.

[0083] It is understood that the "maximum" and "minimum" of diameter, depth and arrangement density in this invention are to reflect the size in the three regions and are limited to the comparison in the three regions, and are not exaggerated descriptions.

[0084] In one embodiment, the ecological filler 512 may include volcanic rock, zeolite, and sulfoaluminate cement, with a mass ratio of 5:3:2. The particle size of the volcanic rock is 5 to 15 mm, the particle size of the zeolite is 3 to 8 mm, and the diameter of the ecological filler 512 is adapted to the diameter of its corresponding pore 511.

[0085] This invention provides an ecological construction method for vertical seawalls and an exemplary ecological structure that can be obtained according to this construction method. By dividing the vertical seawall facade 1 into an upper splash zone 11, a middle intertidal zone 12, and a lower submerged zone 13, and setting different holes 511 in each of the three zones, combined with an interface reinforcement layer 4 and microporous concrete 5, improvements in both ecological function and structural optimization are achieved.

[0086] Specifically, the optimized arrangement of the pores 511 adapts to the needs of different organisms, while simultaneously achieving biological attachment and ecological buffering functions. The combination of microporous concrete 5 and ecological filler 512 enhances structural stability and permeability, effectively reducing the damage to the structure caused by seawater erosion.

[0087] The design employs 511 holes with different apertures, depths, and arrangement densities. Combined with adjustments to the spraying thickness and angle, this ensures that the 511 holes are evenly and densely distributed, reducing the risk of tidal erosion while also taking into account structural strength and construction safety.

[0088] By combining the interface reinforcement layer 4 with microporous concrete 5, the seawall structure is replaced, improving adhesion while achieving ecological compatibility with the porous structure. Furthermore, the addition of water-retaining agents and flocculants further optimizes concrete performance, ensuring that moisture is retained in the microporous structure during construction and extending the structure's lifespan.

[0089] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and substitutions can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these improvements and substitutions should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An ecological construction method for vertical seawalls, characterized in that, include: S10. Divide the vertical seawall facade (1) into an upper splash zone (11), a middle intertidal zone (12) and a lower flood zone (13). The upper splash zone (11) is higher than the average high tide level (2), the middle intertidal zone (12) is located between the average high tide level (2) and the average low tide level (3), and the lower flood zone (13) is lower than the average low tide level (3). S20. Spray an interface reinforcement layer (4) onto the facade (1) and wait for it to solidify. The interface reinforcement layer (4) is used to improve the adhesion of the facade (1). S30. Spray microporous concrete (5) onto the interface reinforcement layer (4) and perform concrete curing. S40. A plurality of holes (511) are drilled in the microporous concrete (5) corresponding to the upper splash zone (11), the middle intertidal zone (12) and the lower flood zone (13). The holes (511) in the upper splash zone (11) have the smallest diameter, the smallest depth and the largest arrangement density. The holes (511) in the lower flood zone (13) have the largest diameter, the largest depth and the smallest arrangement density. S50. A pre-formed ecological filler (512) is pressed into a plurality of the holes (511), wherein the ecological filler (512) is a porous structure.

2. The ecological construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S30, spraying microporous concrete (5) onto the interface reinforcement layer (4) includes: S301. A first layer of microporous concrete (51) and a second layer of microporous concrete (52) are sequentially sprayed onto the interface reinforcement layer (4), wherein the thickness of the first layer of microporous concrete (51) is greater than the thickness of the second layer of microporous concrete (52).

3. The ecological construction method according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step S301, sequentially spraying a first layer of microporous concrete (51) and a second layer of microporous concrete (52) onto the interface reinforcement layer (4) includes: S3011. In the upper splash zone (11), the first layer of microporous concrete (51) is sprayed horizontally from bottom to top with an overlap width of one-third of the spray width; the second layer of microporous concrete (52) is sprayed vertically from top to bottom with an overlap width of one-quarter of the spray width. S3012. In the central intertidal zone (12), the first layer of microporous concrete (51) is sprayed from bottom to top at a 45-degree angle, with an overlap width of half the spray width; the second layer of microporous concrete (52) is sprayed at a 135-degree angle, with an overlap width of one-third the spray width. S3013, in the lower flooded area (13), the first layer of microporous concrete (51) is sprayed horizontally from bottom to top, with an overlap width of half the spray width; the second layer of microporous concrete (52) is sprayed vertically from bottom to top, with an overlap width of one-third the spray width.

4. The ecological construction method according to claim 2, characterized in that, Before step S301, the ecological construction method further includes: S21. A water-retaining agent is added when preparing the first layer of microporous concrete (51); S22. Add flocculant when preparing the second layer of microporous concrete (52).

5. The ecological construction method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The spraying pressure of the first layer of microporous concrete (51) is greater than the spraying pressure of the second layer of microporous concrete (52).

6. The ecological construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Prior to step S20, the ecological construction method further includes: S11. The facade (1) is roughened to form a rough surface with a depth of 2 to 4 mm. The rough surface is used to spray the interface reinforcement layer (4).

7. The ecological construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that, After step S40 and before step S50, the ecological construction method further includes: S41. Prepare the ecological filler (512) and apply epoxy adhesive to the outer wall of the ecological filler (512).

8. An ecological structure for vertical seawalls, characterized in that, The ecological structure is obtained by the ecological construction method according to any one of claims 1-7, and the ecological structure includes: Facade (1), the facade (1) is the outer surface of the vertical seawall in contact with the seawater, the facade (1) is divided into the upper splash zone (11), the middle intertidal zone (12) and the lower submerged zone (13) from top to bottom. Interface enhancement layer (4), which is sprayed onto the facade (1) to improve the adhesion of the facade (1); Microporous concrete (5) is sprayed onto the interface reinforcement layer (4). A number of holes (511) are drilled on the microporous concrete (5). The holes (511) in the upper splash zone (11) have the smallest diameter, the smallest depth, and the largest arrangement density. The holes (511) in the lower flood zone (13) have the largest diameter, the largest depth, and the smallest arrangement density. A plurality of ecological fillers (512) are pressed into a plurality of holes (511) in a corresponding manner. The ecological fillers (512) are used to provide habitats for marine organisms.

9. The ecological structure according to claim 8, characterized in that, The microporous concrete (5) includes silicate cement, fly ash, coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, cetearyl glucoside, protein-based foaming agent, tannic acid-modified hydroxyapatite powder, rosin thermal polymer air-entraining agent, and water; the weight ratio of each material is 75:25:125:190:0.25:0.65:6:0.016:

52.

10. The ecological structure according to claim 8, characterized in that, The ecological filler (512) includes volcanic rock, zeolite and sulfoaluminate cement. The mass ratio of the volcanic rock, the zeolite and the sulfoaluminate cement is 5:3:

2. The particle size of the volcanic rock is 5 to 15 mm, the particle size of the zeolite is 3 to 8 mm, and the diameter of the ecological filler (512) is adapted to the diameter of the corresponding hole (511).

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