A geotextile composite, a protective earth dam bag and a protective earth dam structure

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of hydraulic engineering, and discloses a geocomposite material, a soil and rock dam protection mold bag and a soil and rock dam protection structure. The bag body of the soil and rock dam protection mold bag is made of the geocomposite material, and a plurality of soil and rock dam protection mold bags are spliced to form a reinforcing layer of the soil and rock dam protection structure. The geocomposite material comprises a filter protection surface layer, a support and reinforcement surface layer and a first seam structure. The filter protection surface layer and the support and reinforcement surface layer are stacked and fixedly connected into an integrated body through the first seam structure. The filter protection surface layer is located on the side close to the filling cavity, and can filter and remove water to enable the reinforcing filler to be located in the filling cavity. The bag body of the soil and rock dam protection mold bag made of the geocomposite material can effectively improve the structural strength and durability of the soil and rock dam protection mold bag, avoid damage of the soil and rock dam protection mold bag due to long-term illumination, and prevent the reinforcing effect on the soil and rock dam from being affected.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of water conservancy engineering technology, and in particular to a geosynthetic composite material, a protective formwork for earth-rock dams, and a protective structure for earth-rock dams. Background Technology

[0002] Earth-rock dams are water-retaining structures built using natural materials (such as clay, sand, gravel, and boulders) near the dam site. They have advantages such as strong adaptability to foundations, simple structure, and good seismic performance, and are mainly used in water conservancy projects such as reservoirs.

[0003] During the operation of earth-rock dams, when extreme rainfall, flooding, or abnormal rise in water level occurs, the water flow can easily overflow the dam crest and scour the dam body along the downstream face, causing overtopping damage. This type of damage will directly lead to soil loss and structural instability of the dam body, and in severe cases, even cause the dam to collapse, posing a significant threat to the safety of life and property of downstream residents, the ecological environment, and infrastructure. Therefore, it is necessary to set up emergency protection measures on the back slope of earth-rock dams to prevent overtopping water flow from damaging the earth-rock dam.

[0004] In existing technologies, a common emergency protection measure is to stack multiple geotextile bags on the back slope of an earth-rock dam to reinforce the dam body. However, commonly used geotextile bags are usually made of geotextile bags filled with soil or gravel. These types of geotextile bags are prone to aging and becoming brittle after prolonged exposure to sunlight, which can easily lead to damage to the geotextile bags and affect the reinforcement effect on the earth-rock dam. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a geosynthetic composite material, a protective formwork for earth-rock dams, and a protective structure for earth-rock dams, which can effectively improve the structural strength and durability of the protective formwork for earth-rock dams, prevent the protective formwork for earth-rock dams from being damaged by long-term sunlight, and prevent it from affecting the reinforcement effect of earth-rock dams.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: In a first aspect, a geosynthetic composite material is provided, configured as a bag body for manufacturing a protective formwork bag for earth-rock dams. The bag body is provided with a filling cavity for filling with reinforcing filler. The geosynthetic composite material includes a filter protective surface layer, a supporting and reinforcing surface layer, and a first seam structure. The filter protective surface layer is stacked with the supporting and reinforcing surface layer and is fixedly connected to the supporting and reinforcing surface layer by the first seam structure. The filter protective surface layer is located on the side close to the filling cavity. The filter protective surface layer can filter and remove moisture so that the reinforcing filler is located inside the filling cavity.

[0007] Optionally, the reverse filter protective surface layer comprises polyester filament geotextile, and the support and reinforcement surface layer comprises polyester woven geotextile.

[0008] Secondly, a protective geotextile bag for earth-rock dams is provided, configured to be installed on the back slope of an earth-rock dam, characterized in that it includes a bag body and reinforcing filler, the bag body is made of geosynthetic composite material as described above, the bag body is provided with a filling cavity, the reverse filter protective surface layer of the geosynthetic composite material is located on the side close to the filling cavity, and the reinforcing filler is filled in the filling cavity to make the bag body have a first preset thickness.

[0009] Optionally, the bag body includes a main bag portion and an insert bag portion. At least two insert bag portions are provided on both sides of the main bag portion along its width direction, and the insert bag portions are connected to the main bag portion. One of the two insert bag portions is located at the lower end of the main bag portion, and the other is located at the central axis of the main bag portion. Each insert bag portion forms an insertion groove with the main bag portion. The sum of the width of the main bag portion and the width of the insert bag portions on both sides is a preset width, and the ratio between the two is a preset ratio.

[0010] Optionally, the main bag portion is provided with a plurality of insertable bag portions on both sides along its width direction, and the plurality of insertable bag portions are evenly spaced along the length direction of the main bag portion.

[0011] Optionally, the preset ratio is 2 to 3.5. When the height of the earth-rock dam is greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 10m, the preset width is 40cm to 50cm; when the height of the earth-rock dam is greater than 10m and less than or equal to 20m, the preset width is 50cm to 80cm; when the height of the earth-rock dam is greater than 20m and less than or equal to 30m, the preset width is 80cm to 100cm.

[0012] Optionally, the first preset thickness of the bag body is 10cm to 15cm.

[0013] Optionally, the bag body further includes a sealing fabric piece and a second sewing structure. The upper end of the main bag portion is provided with a filling opening, which is in communication with the filling cavity. The sealing fabric piece is fixedly connected to the main bag portion through the second sewing structure and is located at the filling opening so that the sealing fabric piece seals the filling opening.

[0014] Thirdly, a protective structure for an earth-rock dam is provided, comprising a support layer, a drainage layer, and a reinforcement layer stacked sequentially. The support layer is disposed on the back slope of the earth-rock dam. The drainage layer is provided with permeability gaps. The reinforcement layer can strengthen the structural strength of the earth-rock dam. The reinforcement layer includes multiple rows of reinforcement strips, which are sequentially spliced ​​onto the back slope along its length. Each row of reinforcement strips includes multiple earth-rock dam protection mold bags as described above, which are sequentially spliced ​​along the width of the back slope.

[0015] Optionally, the body of the earth-rock dam protection formwork bag includes a main bag section and an insert bag section. The main bag section has multiple insert bag sections on both sides along its width direction, and the insert bag sections are connected to the main bag section. Each insert bag section and the main bag section form an insertion groove. The insert bag section of any two adjacent earth-rock dam protection formwork bags is inserted into the insertion groove of the other.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are: This invention provides a geosynthetic composite material, a protective formwork bag for earth-rock dams, and a protective structure for earth-rock dams. The protective formwork bag is made of geosynthetic composite material, and multiple protective formwork bags are spliced ​​together to form a reinforcing layer of the earth-rock dam protection structure. When manufacturing the protective formwork bag, firstly, according to the bag's design scheme, multiple pieces of geosynthetic composite material are used to make the bag body. These multiple pieces of geosynthetic composite material are arranged to form a filling cavity within the bag body, which is filled with reinforcing filler. The reverse filter protective layer of each piece of geosynthetic composite material is located on the side closest to the filling cavity. Using this type of geotextile protective formwork to reinforce earth-rock dams allows the geotextile composite material's filter layer to filter water as it flows through, preventing water from flowing out of the bag while also preventing the reinforcing filler from leaking out. This ensures the compactness of the geotextile protective formwork and avoids affecting the reinforcement effect on the earth-rock dam. Furthermore, the geotextile composite material's support and reinforcement layer provides shape support for the entire geotextile protective formwork and effectively improves its structural strength and durability, preventing damage from prolonged sunlight exposure. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the geosynthetic composite material provided in the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a first view of the bag body of the earth-rock dam protection formwork provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a second view of the bag body of the earth-rock dam protection formwork provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the splicing of multiple earth-rock dam protection formwork bags provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the earth-rock dam protection structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] In the picture: 1. Geosynthetic composite materials; 11. Reverse filter protective layer; 12. Support and reinforcement layer; 2. Earth-rock dam protection formwork bag; 21. Bag body; 211. Filling cavity; 212. Filling opening; 213. Sealing cloth piece; 214. Main bag part; 215. Insertion bag part; 216. Insertion groove; 3. Earth-rock dam protection structure; 31. Support layer; 32. Drainage layer; 33. Reinforcement layer; 331. Reinforcement strip. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and not intended to limit it. Furthermore, it should be noted that, for ease of description, the accompanying drawings show only the parts relevant to the present invention, and not all of the structures.

[0020] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected," "linked," and "fixed" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0021] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0022] In the description of this embodiment, the terms "upper," "lower," "left," and "right," etc., refer to the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for ease of description and simplification of operation, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used only for distinction in description and have no special meaning.

[0023] Example 1 This embodiment provides a geosynthetic composite material configured as a bag body 21 for fabricating a protective formwork bag 2 for earth-rock dams. The bag body 21 is provided with a filling cavity 211 for filling with reinforcing filler. Figures 1 to 4 As shown, using the geosynthetic composite material 1 to make the bag body 21 of the earth-rock dam protection formwork bag 2 can effectively improve the structural strength and durability of the earth-rock dam protection formwork bag 2, prevent the earth-rock dam protection formwork bag 2 from being damaged by long-term sunlight, and prevent it from affecting the reinforcement effect of the earth-rock dam.

[0024] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the geosynthetic composite material 1 includes a filter protective surface layer 11, a support and reinforcement surface layer 12, and a first seam structure (not shown in the figure). The filter protective surface layer 11 and the support and reinforcement surface layer 12 are stacked and fixedly connected as a whole by the first seam structure. The filter protective surface layer 11 is located on the side close to the filling cavity 211, and the filter protective surface layer 11 can filter and remove moisture so that the reinforcement filler is located inside the filling cavity 211.

[0025] When making the earth-rock dam protection formwork bag 2, firstly, according to the design scheme of the bag body 21, multiple pieces of geosynthetic composite material 1 are used to make the bag body 21. The multiple pieces of geosynthetic composite material 1 surround the filling cavity 211 of the bag body 21, and the filling cavity 211 is filled with reinforcing filler. The reverse filter protection surface layer 11 of each piece of geosynthetic composite material 1 is located on the side close to the filling cavity 211. When using the earth-rock dam protection formwork 2 to reinforce the earth-rock dam, the reverse filter protective surface layer 11 of the geosynthetic composite material 1 can filter water when water flows through the earth-rock dam protection formwork 2, allowing water inside the bag body 21 to flow out. At the same time, it can also prevent the reinforcing filler inside the filling cavity 211 from flowing out, ensuring the compactness of the earth-rock dam protection formwork 2, thereby avoiding affecting the reinforcement effect on the earth-rock dam. Meanwhile, the supporting and reinforcing surface layer 12 of the geosynthetic composite material 1 can provide shape support for the entire earth-rock dam protection formwork 2, and can effectively improve the structural strength and durability of the earth-rock dam protection formwork 2, preventing the earth-rock dam protection formwork 2 from being damaged by long-term sunlight.

[0026] In this embodiment, the protective filter layer 11 comprises a polyester filament geotextile, and the supporting and reinforcing layer 12 comprises a polyester woven geotextile. The polyester filament geotextile and the polyester woven geotextile are tightly bonded together by a stitched structure. The polyester woven geotextile provides overall tear strength, while the polyester filament geotextile ensures that the reinforcing filler within various bag-shaped structures made of this geosynthetic composite material 1 is not easily lost. The combination of the two significantly improves the overall structural strength and durability of the geosynthetic composite material 1. It should be noted that the specifications of polyester filament geotextiles are greater than or equal to 200g / m. 3 The specifications of the supporting and reinforcing surface layer 12 are greater than or equal to 50kN / m.

[0027] Example 2 This embodiment provides a protective formwork for an earth-rock dam, configured to be installed on the slope surface of the backwater slope of the earth-rock dam. For example... Figures 2 to 4As shown, the earth-rock dam protection formwork bag 2 includes a bag body 21 and reinforcing filler (not shown in the figure). The bag body 21 is made of geosynthetic composite material 1 according to Embodiment 1. The bag body 21 is provided with a filling cavity 211, and the filter protection surface layer 11 of the geosynthetic composite material 1 is located on the side close to the filling cavity 211. The reinforcing filler is filled into the filling cavity 211 to make the bag body 21 have a first preset thickness.

[0028] The geosynthetic composite material 1 in Example 1 is used to make the earth-rock dam protection formwork bag 2 and is used for the reinforcement of the earth-rock dam. The filter protection surface layer 11 of the geosynthetic composite material 1 can filter water, allowing water in the bag body 21 to flow out, while preventing the reinforcing filler in the filling cavity 211 from flowing out, ensuring the compactness of the earth-rock dam protection formwork bag 2, thereby avoiding affecting the reinforcement effect of the earth-rock dam. At the same time, the support and reinforcement surface layer 12 of the geosynthetic composite material 1 can provide shape support for the entire earth-rock dam protection formwork bag 2, and can effectively improve the structural strength and durability of the earth-rock dam protection formwork bag 2, preventing the earth-rock dam protection formwork bag 2 from being damaged by long-term sunlight.

[0029] Optionally, the first preset thickness of the bag body 21 is 10cm to 15cm. By controlling the bag body 21 to the first preset thickness, the reinforcement effect of the bag body 21 can be guaranteed.

[0030] For example, the first preset thickness of the bag body 21 is 10cm.

[0031] In this embodiment, as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the bag body 21 includes a main bag portion 214 and insert bag portions 215. At least two insert bag portions 215 are provided on both sides of the main bag portion 214 along its width direction, and the insert bag portions 215 are connected to the main bag portion 214. One of the two insert bag portions 215 is located at the lower end of the main bag portion 214, and the other is located at the central axis of the main bag portion 214. Therefore, the main bag portion 214 and the insert bag portions 215 are connected in a U-shape. Each insert bag portion 215 forms an insertion groove 216 with the main bag portion 214; therefore, in this embodiment, two insertion grooves 216 are provided on both sides of the main bag portion 214. The sum of the width of the main bag portion 214 and the width of the insert bag portions 215 on both sides is a preset width, and the ratio between the two is a preset ratio.

[0032] When using the earth-rock dam protection formwork 2 in this embodiment to reinforce the earth-rock dam, the earth-rock dam protection formwork 2 is spliced ​​starting from the top of the back slope. First, multiple earth-rock dam protection formwork 2s are sequentially laid along the width direction of the back slope. In any two adjacent earth-rock dam protection formwork 2s, the insertion part 215 of the bag body 21 of one is inserted into the insertion groove 216 of the other, thereby realizing the splicing of two adjacent earth-rock dam protection formwork 2s. Multiple earth-rock dam protection formwork 2s are combined to form a reinforcement strip 331, and the extension length of the reinforcement strip 331 can cover the width of the back slope. Then, according to the above splicing method, multiple rows of reinforcement strips 331 are sequentially spliced ​​along the length direction of the back slope until the back slope is covered. In two adjacent reinforcement strips 331, the upper end of the main body bag portion 214 of the earth-rock dam protection formwork bag 2 of the reinforcement strip 331 located near the toe of the back slope is spliced ​​with the bottom of the main body bag portion 214 of the earth-rock dam protection formwork bag 2 of the other reinforcement strip 331.

[0033] By setting the insertion bag portion 215 and the main bag portion 214 to form an insertion groove 216, when splicing earth-rock dam protection formwork bags 2, the insertion bag portion 215 of one earth-rock dam protection formwork bag 2 can be inserted into the insertion groove 216 of another earth-rock dam protection formwork bag 2. This can strengthen the connection strength between two adjacent earth-rock dam protection formwork bags 2, so that all the earth-rock dam protection formwork bags 2 on the back slope can be combined to form an integral protective layer. This can effectively reduce the gap between two adjacent earth-rock dam protection formwork bags 2 and further enhance the reinforcement effect of the earth-rock dam.

[0034] In other embodiments, other shapes of bags 21, such as tube bags, can be made using geosynthetic composite material 1 as needed. The shape of the bag 21 is not limited here.

[0035] Optionally, the preset ratio is 2 to 3.5. When the height of the earth-rock dam is greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 10m, the preset width is 40cm to 50cm. When the height of the earth-rock dam is greater than 10m and less than or equal to 20m, the preset width is 50cm to 80cm. When the height of the earth-rock dam is greater than 20m and less than or equal to 30m, the preset width is 80cm to 100cm.

[0036] For example, the preset ratio is 2. When the height of the earth-rock dam is greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 10m, the preset width is 40cm, in which case the width of the main body bag portion 214 is 20cm and the width of the insertion bag portion 215 is 10cm. When the height of the earth-rock dam is greater than 10m and less than or equal to 20m, the preset width is 60cm, in which case the width of the main body bag portion 214 is 30cm and the width of the insertion bag portion 215 is 15cm. When the height of the earth-rock dam is greater than 20m and less than or equal to 30m, the preset width is 80cm, in which case the width of the main body bag portion 214 is 40cm and the width of the insertion bag portion 215 is 20cm.

[0037] In some embodiments, the main body bag portion 214 is provided with a plurality of insertable bag portions 215 on both sides along its width direction (exemplarily, 3 or 4 insertable bag portions 215 are provided), and the plurality of insertable bag portions 215 are evenly spaced along the length direction of the main body bag portion 214. By providing a plurality of insertable bag portions 215, a plurality of insertion grooves 216 can be formed on both sides of the main body bag portion 214. When splicing the earth-rock dam protection formwork bag 2, the connection strength between adjacent earth-rock dam protection formwork bags 2 can be further strengthened, ensuring the integrity and erosion resistance of the protective layer.

[0038] Optionally, such as Figure 2 As shown, the bag body 21 also includes a sealing fabric piece 213 and a second seam structure (not shown in the figure). A filling opening 212 is provided at the upper end of the main bag portion 214, and the filling opening 212 communicates with the filling cavity 211. The sealing fabric piece 213 is fixedly connected to the main bag portion 214 via the second seam structure and is located at the filling opening 212, so that the sealing fabric piece 213 seals the filling opening 212. When manufacturing the bag body 21 of the earth-rock dam protection formwork bag 2, a filling opening 212 is pre-set at the upper end of the bag body 21. Then, reinforcing filler is filled into the filling cavity 211 through the filling opening 212 until the reinforcing filler fills the filling cavity 211. Then, at the filling opening 212, the sealing fabric piece 213 is fixedly connected to the main bag portion 214 via the second seam structure, thereby sealing the filling opening.

[0039] It should be noted that the sealing cloth 213 is made of geosynthetic composite material 1.

[0040] Example 3 This embodiment provides a protective structure for an earth-rock dam, such as Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the earth-rock dam protection structure includes a support layer 31, a drainage layer 32, and a reinforcement layer 33 stacked sequentially. The support layer 31 is disposed on the back slope of the earth-rock dam, the drainage layer 32 is provided with seepage gaps, and the reinforcement layer 33 can strengthen the structural strength of the earth-rock dam. The reinforcement layer 33 includes multiple rows of reinforcement strips 331, which are sequentially spliced ​​on the back slope along the length of the back slope. Each row of reinforcement strips 331 includes multiple earth-rock dam protection formwork bags 2 as described in Embodiment 2, which are sequentially spliced ​​along the width of the back slope.

[0041] The aforementioned earth-rock dam protection structure 3 is installed on the back slope. The support layer 31 serves as the cushion layer for the earth-rock dam protection structure 3, supporting the dam body and providing initial reinforcement. The drainage layer 32 has permeable gaps, allowing water to flow out and preventing the dam's phreatic line from rising, ensuring the dam's anti-sliding stability and preventing landslides and collapses. Furthermore, the reinforcement layer 33 provides secondary reinforcement to the earth-rock dam body, increasing its structural strength and achieving comprehensive reinforcement. In addition, the earth-rock dam protection formwork 2, made from geosynthetic composite material 1, possesses high structural strength and durability, preventing damage from prolonged sunlight exposure.

[0042] Optionally, the support layer 31 includes a non-woven geotextile, and the drainage layer 32 includes a crushed stone layer of a second predetermined thickness. The gaps between the crushed stones in the crushed stone layer are permeable gaps, and the permeability coefficient of the crushed stone layer is N×10. -1 cm / s.

[0043] For example, the second preset thickness is 15cm to 20cm.

[0044] Optionally, such as Figure 4 As shown, the bag body 21 of the earth-rock dam protection formwork bag 2 includes a main bag portion 214 and an insert bag portion 215. Multiple insert bag portions 215 are provided on both sides of the main bag portion 214 along its width direction, and the insert bag portions 215 are connected to the main bag portion 214. Each insert bag portion 215 and the main bag portion 214 form an insertion groove 216, and the insert bag portion 215 of any two adjacent earth-rock dam protection formwork bags 2 is inserted into the insertion groove 216 of the other.

[0045] When the reinforcement layer 33 of the earth-rock dam protection structure 3 is set on the back slope, the earth-rock dam protection formwork 2 is spliced ​​starting from the top of the back slope. First, multiple earth-rock dam protection formwork 2 are laid out sequentially along the width direction of the back slope. In any two adjacent earth-rock dam protection formwork 2, the insertion part 215 of the bag body 21 of one is inserted into the insertion groove 216 of the other, thereby realizing the splicing of two adjacent earth-rock dam protection formwork 2. Multiple earth-rock dam protection formwork 2 are combined to form a reinforcement strip 331, and the extension length of the reinforcement strip 331 can cover the width of the back slope. Then, according to the above splicing method, multiple rows of reinforcement strips 331 are spliced ​​sequentially along the length direction of the back slope until the back slope is covered. In two adjacent rows of reinforcement strips 331, the upper end of the main body bag portion 214 of the earth-rock dam protection formwork bag 2 of the reinforcement strip 331 located near the toe of the back slope is spliced ​​with the bottom of the main body bag portion 214 of the earth-rock dam protection formwork bag 2 of the other reinforcement strip 331.

[0046] By setting the insertion bag portion 215 and the main bag portion 214 to form an insertion groove 216, when splicing earth-rock dam protection formwork bags 2, the insertion bag portion 215 of one earth-rock dam protection formwork bag 2 can be inserted into the insertion groove 216 of another earth-rock dam protection formwork bag 2. This can strengthen the connection strength between two adjacent earth-rock dam protection formwork bags 2, so that the earth-rock dam protection formwork bags 2 form an integral reinforcement layer 33. This can effectively reduce the gap between two adjacent earth-rock dam protection formwork bags 2 and further enhance the reinforcement effect of the earth-rock dam.

[0047] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art will be able to make various obvious changes, readjustments, and substitutions without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively describe all embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A geosynthetic composite material configured as a bag body (21) for making a protective formwork bag (2) for earth-rock dams, said bag body (21) being provided with a filling cavity (211) for filling with reinforcing filler, characterized in that, The geosynthetic composite material (1) includes a filter protection surface layer (11), a support and reinforcement surface layer (12), and a first seam structure. The filter protection surface layer (11) and the support and reinforcement surface layer (12) are stacked and fixedly connected as one unit by the first seam structure. The filter protection surface layer (11) is located on the side close to the filling cavity (211). The filter protection surface layer (11) can filter and remove moisture so that the reinforcement filler is located in the filling cavity (211).

2. The geosynthetic composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reverse filter protective surface layer (11) includes polyester filament geotextile, and the support and reinforcement surface layer (12) includes polyester woven geotextile.

3. A protective formwork bag for earth-rock dams, configured to be installed on the slope surface of the back slope of an earth-rock dam, characterized in that, The bag (21) includes a bag body (21) and a reinforcing filler. The bag body (21) is made of the geosynthetic composite material according to any one of claims 1-2. The bag body (21) is provided with a filling cavity (211). The filter protection surface layer (11) of the geosynthetic composite material (1) is located on the side close to the filling cavity (211). The reinforcing filler is filled in the filling cavity (211) so that the bag body (21) has a first preset thickness.

4. The protective casing for earth-rock dams according to claim 3, characterized in that, The bag body (21) includes a main bag portion (214) and a plug-in bag portion (215). The main bag portion (214) has at least two plug-in bag portions (215) on both sides along its width direction, and the plug-in bag portions (215) are connected to the main bag portion (214). One of the two plug-in bag portions (215) is located at the lower end of the main bag portion (214), and the other is located at the central axis of the main bag portion (214). Each plug-in bag portion (215) surrounds the main bag portion (214) to form an insertion groove (216). The sum of the width of the main bag portion (214) and the width of the plug-in bag portions (215) on both sides is a preset width, and the ratio of the two is a preset ratio.

5. The protective casing for earth-rock dams according to claim 4, characterized in that, The main body bag portion (214) has multiple insertion bag portions (215) on both sides along its width direction, and the multiple insertion bag portions (215) are evenly spaced along the length direction of the main body bag portion (214).

6. The protective casing for earth-rock dams according to claim 4, characterized in that, The preset ratio is 2 to 3.

5. When the height of the earth-rock dam is greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 10m, the preset width is 40cm to 50cm; when the height of the earth-rock dam is greater than 10m and less than or equal to 20m, the preset width is 50cm to 80cm; when the height of the earth-rock dam is greater than 20m and less than or equal to 30m, the preset width is 80cm to 100cm.

7. The protective formwork for earth-rock dams according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first preset thickness of the bag body (21) is 10cm to 15cm.

8. The protective formwork for earth-rock dams according to claim 4, characterized in that, The bag body (21) also includes a sealing fabric piece (213) and a second sewing structure. The upper end of the main bag part (214) is provided with a filling opening (212). The filling opening (212) is connected to the filling cavity (211). The sealing fabric piece (213) is fixedly connected to the main bag part (214) through the second sewing structure and is located at the filling opening (212) so that the sealing fabric piece (213) seals the filling opening (212).

9. A protective structure for an earth-rock dam, characterized in that, The structure includes a support layer (31), a drainage layer (32), and a reinforcement layer (33) stacked sequentially. The support layer (31) is disposed on the back slope of the earth-rock dam. The drainage layer (32) is provided with permeability gaps. The reinforcement layer (33) can strengthen the structural strength of the earth-rock dam. The reinforcement layer (33) includes multiple rows of reinforcement strips (331). The multiple rows of reinforcement strips (331) are sequentially spliced ​​on the back slope along the slope length direction. Each row of reinforcement strips (331) includes multiple earth-rock dam protection mold bags (2) as described in any one of claims 3-8. The multiple earth-rock dam protection mold bags (2) are sequentially spliced ​​along the width direction of the back slope.

10. The earth-rock dam protection structure according to claim 9, characterized in that, The bag body (21) of the earth-rock dam protection formwork bag (2) includes a main bag part (214) and an insert bag part (215). The main bag part (214) has multiple insert bag parts (215) on both sides along its width direction, and the insert bag parts (215) are connected to the main bag part (214). Each insert bag part (215) and the main bag part (214) form an insertion groove (216). The insert bag part (215) of any two adjacent earth-rock dam protection formwork bags (2) is inserted into the insertion groove (216) of the other.

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