A method for desertification control under high-altitude hydrogeological conditions

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of desertification control technology and discloses a desertification control method adapted to high-altitude hydrogeological conditions. The method includes leveling and clearing the treatment area; selecting prefabricated planting bags made of non-woven fabric according to design specifications; collecting in-situ desertified soil from the treatment area as a growth substrate base, mixing it with well-rotted cow and sheep manure organic fertilizer from the treatment area, and uniformly stirring with mixed grass seeds adapted to high-altitude growth to form a composite substrate; filling the prefabricated planting bags with the composite substrate and simultaneously sowing it onto the surface of the treatment area; using a harrowing device to harrow the sown treatment area to mix the sown composite substrate with the surface sand; and laying out standard grid lines in the harrowed treatment area. This invention has the following advantages and effects: it enhances the water and fertilizer retention capacity of the planting bags and their integration with the sand surface, enabling the formation of a structurally stable and resilient plant community, and constructing a continuous windbreak and soil-fixing barrier.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of desertification control technology, and in particular to a desertification control method adapted to high-altitude hydrogeological conditions. Background Technology

[0002] As a crucial water conservation area in the upper reaches of the Yellow River, the desertification of high-altitude grasslands in the plateau region not only directly weakens the region's water supply capacity but also exacerbates ecological problems such as native grassland degradation and a sharp decline in biodiversity. The plateau's alpine grasslands are characterized by low temperatures, strong winds, and limited sunlight, making them highly susceptible to damage such as exposed grass seeds, lodging of seedlings, and surface sand formation. Targeted desertification control is a core measure to curb the continued degradation of alpine ecosystems, stabilize regional soil and water conservation capabilities, and restore the function of native grassland ecosystems. It holds irreplaceable practical significance for protecting the ecological pattern of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and ensuring the ecological health of the Yellow River Basin.

[0003] In high-altitude desertification control projects, prefabricated planting bags are a common carrier for sand fixation and windbreak. In traditional operation mode, the prefabricated planting bags are mostly filled with purchased planting soil and single grass seeds. When laying them, multiple parallel strips connected end to end are often used to lay the planting bags directly on the sand surface or to partially bury them. However, the above operation method has the following defects in practical application: there is no linkage protective structure between prefabricated planting bags and between prefabricated planting bags and sand, the integration between planting bags and sand surface is insufficient, the water and fertilizer retention capacity of planting bags is weak, it is difficult to build a continuous windbreak and soil stabilization barrier, and in windy weather, prefabricated planting bags are easily blown away as a whole, resulting in the exposure of grass seeds inside, failure of repair points, low grass seed germination rate and seedling survival rate, and it is difficult to guarantee the stability of the repair effect. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a desertification control method adapted to high-altitude hydrogeological conditions, which has the physical advantages of relying on planting bags to retain water and fertilizer, and to protect seedlings from wind, thereby constructing a continuous windbreak and soil stabilization barrier.

[0005] The above-mentioned technical objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution: a desertification control method adapted to high-altitude hydrogeological conditions, comprising the following steps: The treatment area was leveled and cleared, and prefabricated planting bags made of non-woven fabric were selected according to the design specifications. The in-situ desertified soil in the treatment area was collected as the growth substrate, and mixed with well-rotted cow and sheep manure organic fertilizer from the treatment area, as well as mixed grass seeds adapted to high-altitude areas, and stirred evenly to form a composite substrate. The composite substrate is filled into prefabricated vegetation bags and simultaneously sown on the surface of the treatment area; The treated area was raked using raking equipment to mix the spread composite substrate with the topsoil. In the treated area where the raking operation has been completed, lines are laid out according to the standard grid layout, with the diagonal of the grid parallel to the prevailing wind direction. Continuous trenches are excavated along the laid-out lines to construct a crisscrossing grid trench system. The grid trench system is used to provide a sunken limiting space for the prefabricated planting bags, so as to constrain the planting bags in both the horizontal and vertical directions. The prefabricated vegetation bags, which have been filled and sealed, are placed into the trench to construct a grid sand-fixing structure. At the same time, following the burial sequence of diagonal pressing and horizontal pressing at the intersections, the adjacent prefabricated vegetation bags form a linked whole that presses against each other and interlocks at the grid nodes. After all the prefabricated planting bags are buried, the trenches where the prefabricated planting bags were buried are covered with sand. The ground surface is then smoothed and leveled with leveling tools so that the top of the prefabricated planting bags is covered with soil and level with the surrounding sand. The ground surface is flat and without undulations, in order to eliminate the wind erosion starting point caused by the protruding planting bags and increase the integration of the planting bags with the sand surface.

[0006] In some embodiments of the present invention, the prefabricated planting bag substrate is made of UV-resistant, high tensile strength biodegradable non-woven fabric with a tensile strength of not less than 500N, and the standard cutting size is 100cm×10cm. After sewing, it is a long cylindrical planting bag with an overall length of 100cm.

[0007] In some embodiments of the present invention, the mixed grass seeds comprise oats, creeping wheatgrass, and Kentucky bluegrass, wherein the weight ratio of creeping wheatgrass, Kentucky bluegrass, and oats is 6:3:2.

[0008] In some embodiments of the present invention, the volume ratio of sand to decomposed cow and sheep manure in the composite matrix is ​​3:1 to 4:1.

[0009] In some embodiments of the present invention, the prefabricated planting bags are sealed by rapid heat sealing or binding sealing.

[0010] In some embodiments of the present invention, the raking depth is 3cm to 5cm, and the raking is uniform to ensure that the mixed grass seeds, organic fertilizer and topsoil are fully integrated.

[0011] In some embodiments of the present invention, the trench depth is 10cm, the trench width matches the diameter of the prefabricated planting bag, the trench is straight, the depth is uniform and there is no depth deviation, the trench is a 100cm×100cm square grid, and the intersection nodes are neatly aligned.

[0012] In some embodiments of the present invention, the top of the prefabricated vegetation bags is not higher than the surface of the sandy soil in the treatment area, and the prefabricated vegetation bags are laid in a 100cm×100cm grid, with the diagonal of the grid parallel to the prevailing wind direction.

[0013] In some embodiments of the present invention, the top soil covering thickness of the prefabricated planting bag is 2cm to 3cm.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. Using in-situ desertified soil in high-altitude desertified areas as a base, and combining it with well-rotted cow and sheep manure organic fertilizer and cold-resistant mixed grass seeds to form a composite matrix, the organic matter content of the sandy soil can be increased. At the same time, the prefabricated non-woven fabric planting bags are used for filling and sealing, which has a strong water and fertilizer retention capacity, providing a continuous and stable supply of nutrients and water for grass seed germination and early seedling growth. In addition, through the trench burial method, the prefabricated planting bags are tightly embedded with each other and with the surrounding sand. By utilizing the mechanical effect of the kinetic energy reduction after the near-surface flowing sand impacts the sandbags, the effect of "using wind to fix sand" is achieved, preventing the planting bags from being blown away by strong winds.

[0015] 2. Relying on the stable microbial environment built between prefabricated planting bags and between prefabricated planting bags and the surrounding sandy land, the mixed grass seeds gradually germinate and take root under low stress conditions. The seedling roots can gradually penetrate the fiber network of the planting bags and extend to the surrounding sand layer. The roots of the mixed grass seeds intertwine and connect with each other in the sand layer, forming a multi-level underground soil-fixing network. While the plants grow naturally, the integrated restoration of sandy land soil fixation, sand suppression, and ecological revegetation is achieved. It can form a stable and resilient plant community, build a continuous windbreak and soil-fixing barrier, and maintain the self-sustaining capacity of the desertified area ecosystem for a long time. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the method of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0018] In the picture, 1. Prefabricated planting bag. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described in conjunction with specific embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] A desertification control method adapted to high-altitude hydrogeological conditions, referring to Figures 1 to 2 This embodiment includes the following steps: S1. Level and clean the treatment area, remove stones, weeds and debris, and select prefabricated planting bags made of non-woven fabric according to the design specifications. The non-woven fabric is cut into standard rectangular pieces, folded and sewn or heat-sealed along the long side, and one side is completely sealed. An opening is reserved on the other side as a filling port for filling with a composite substrate of mixed grass seeds, sand and organic fertilizer. After the prefabricated planting bags 1 are made, the integrity of the planting bags is checked. In this embodiment, the prefabricated vegetation bag 1 uses UV-resistant, high-tensile-strength biodegradable non-woven fabric as its base material. The tensile strength is not less than 500N, and the standard cutting size is 100cm × 10cm. After sewing, it forms a long, cylindrical vegetation bag with an overall length of 100cm. The basic dimensions strictly adhere to the 100cm × 10cm standard, but minor adjustments can be made according to the terrain and desertification level of the treated area. Significant alterations are strictly prohibited to avoid affecting the overall grid layout accuracy and sand fixation stability. The sewing and heat sealing of the vegetation bags must be uniform and tight, without any open seams, holes, or gaps, to prevent substrate leakage after filling. The biodegradable non-woven fabric has strong sealing properties and is not prone to leakage, while retaining the original water and air permeability of the non-woven fabric to meet the needs of substrate water and fertilizer exchange and plant root penetration and growth. With a tensile strength of not less than 500N, it can effectively resist the risks of damage caused by wind and sand abrasion in high-altitude cold environments, filling and pulling, and burial compression. It is suitable for long-term outdoor high-altitude cold working environments, and its degradation cycle is synchronized with the growth cycle of high-altitude vegetation, leaving no ecological residue pollution.

[0021] S2. Collect in-situ desertified soil from the treatment area as the growth substrate, mix it with well-rotted cow and sheep manure organic fertilizer from the treatment area, and mix grass seeds adapted to high-altitude areas to form a composite substrate. The entire process is carried out on-site and used immediately after mixing. In this embodiment, the volume ratio of sand to well-rotted cow and sheep manure in the composite matrix is ​​3:1 to 4:1. Using cow and sheep manure from the treated area is suitable for the characteristics of high-altitude, cold soils, while simultaneously improving the structure of sandy soils and enhancing their capillary water retention capacity. This perfectly suits the high-altitude, low-rainfall, and nutrient-poor growing environment. The sand, combined with the well-rotted cow and sheep manure from the treated area, forms a composite matrix with balanced fertility, loose and breathable structure, and strong water retention capacity. The mixed grass seeds include oats, *Leymus chinensis*, and Kentucky bluegrass, with a weight ratio of 6:3:2. This ratio, combined with desertification control practices in the treated area, demonstrates that oats germinate quickly and have a short growth cycle, rapidly covering the surface and fixing topsoil, playing a pioneering role in sand fixation. *Leymus chinensis* has a well-developed root system and strong resistance, while Kentucky bluegrass is cold-resistant, tolerant of poor soil, and has high community stability. Together, they can construct a long-term stable vegetation community, achieving a gradient restoration effect of short-term sand fixation and long-term sand stabilization.

[0022] S3. Fill the prefabricated planting bags with the composite substrate and simultaneously sow them on the surface of the treatment area. After the composite substrate is filled into the prefabricated planting bags, seal them by quick heat sealing or binding. The heat-sealing process ensures uniform overall adhesion strength and strong tear resistance at the seal, reducing the likelihood of localized cracking and bag breakage during subsequent installation and backfilling. This minimizes material waste during construction. The binding and sealing method eliminates the need for specialized heat-sealing equipment, allowing for manual operation even in remote desertification control sites without power supply. It is suitable for scattered construction sites in high-altitude, remote areas without reliable electricity. Workers do not require complex equipment operation training; simple binding tools are sufficient for quick sealing. The sealing method can be flexibly switched based on the power supply conditions and scale of the operation at different construction sites, balancing the efficiency advantages of large-scale centralized construction with the operational flexibility of scattered, remote locations, fully adapting to the construction needs of complex high-altitude terrain.

[0023] S4. Then, use a harrowing device to harrow the treated area after sowing, mix the surface mixed grass seeds, organic fertilizer and in-situ sandy soil into a fully composite matrix, and bury it inside the sandy soil. In this embodiment, the pre-application of cow and sheep manure organic fertilizer to the entire treatment area can rapidly improve the structure of the surface sandy soil, enhance the water and fertilizer retention capacity of the sandy soil, activate the capillary water utilization efficiency of the sandy soil, and adapt to the high-altitude, low-rainfall, and infertile soil growth environment; the pre-sowing of grass seeds throughout the area can utilize the natural capillary water of the sandy soil to germinate and grow in advance, fill the vegetation gaps between the grids of the prefabricated planting bags 1, significantly increase the overall vegetation coverage of the plot, build a windbreak layer on the surface in advance, and weaken the wind erosion disturbance of strong winds at high altitudes on the later trenching and prefabricated planting bag 1 burial construction. The process involves leveling and clearing the sandy soil, improving the base fertilizer, and laying seedlings in advance. This, along with the organic fertilizer from the prefabricated planting bags, creates a gradient of fertility, providing a comprehensive ecological foundation for the subsequent sand fixation and strip vegetation growth of the prefabricated planting bags. This forms a two-layered governance system combining surface-level greening with targeted strip sand fixation. The raking depth is 3cm to 5cm, with uniform raking to ensure that the mixed grass seeds and organic fertilizer are fully integrated with the topsoil. The mixed grass seeds are shallowly buried in the sand, without being deeply buried or exposed, ensuring stable germination of the mixed grass seeds in the early stages.

[0024] S5. In the treated area where the raking operation has been completed, lay out lines according to the standard grid layout of 100cm×100cm, with the diagonal of the grid parallel to the prevailing wind direction. Excavate continuous trenches along the laid-out lines to construct a crisscrossing grid trench system. The grid trench system is used to provide a sunken limiting space for the prefabricated planting bags 1, so as to constrain the prefabricated planting bags 1 in both horizontal and vertical directions. The trench depth is 10cm, and the trench width matches the diameter of the prefabricated planting bags 1. The trench is straight, with uniform depth and no depth deviation. The trench is laid out as a 100cm×100cm grid, and the intersection nodes are neatly aligned. In this embodiment, the top of the prefabricated vegetation bags 1 is no higher than the surface of the sandy soil in the treatment area. The prefabricated vegetation bags 1 are laid in a 100cm×100cm grid, with the diagonal of the grid parallel to the prevailing wind direction. By adopting a 100cm×100cm grid layout structure with the diagonal of the grid parallel to the northwest prevailing wind direction, the impact of strong winds is decomposed and weakened through structural mechanics. At the same time, the deeply buried prefabricated vegetation bags 1 can form a physical protective barrier, fundamentally preventing wind erosion and damage to grass seeds and seedlings by birds, providing a stable growth environment for vegetation establishment, and thoroughly adapting to the windy climate characteristics of the plateau.

[0025] S6. Place the prefabricated vegetation bags 1 that have been filled and sealed into the trench to construct a grid sand-fixing structure. At the same time, follow the burying order of diagonal pressing and horizontal pressing at the intersection so that adjacent prefabricated vegetation bags 1 form a linked whole that presses against each other and interlocks at the grid nodes. In this embodiment, the prefabricated vegetation bags 1 are buried in the order of "slanted pressing across at intersections". The prefabricated vegetation bags 1 placed at an angle are pressed across the node position. Through the weight of the bags themselves and the compaction effect of the filling matrix, an interlocking structure is formed at the grid intersection, which prevents individual bags from being overturned in strong winds. Based on the physical characteristics of the parabolic motion of sand grains, the grid structure greatly increases the surface roughness, changes the near-surface wind speed profile, weakens the sand transport force of the ground layer, and reduces the jumping and creeping movement of sand grains.

[0026] S7. After all the prefabricated vegetation bags are buried, the trenches where the prefabricated vegetation bags are buried are covered with sand. The top of the prefabricated vegetation bag 1 is covered with 2cm to 3cm of soil. The ground surface is smoothed and leveled with a leveling tool so that the top of the prefabricated vegetation bag is covered with soil and level with the surrounding sand. The ground surface is flat and without undulations to eliminate the wind erosion starting point caused by the protruding vegetation bags and increase the integration of the vegetation bags with the sand surface. In this embodiment, the buried prefabricated vegetation bag 1 can form a physical protective barrier, preventing wind erosion and bird grazing from damaging grass seeds and seedlings at the source, providing a stable growth environment for vegetation establishment, and fully adapting to the windy climate characteristics of Maqu.

Claims

1. A desertification control method adapted to high-altitude hydrogeological conditions, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The treatment area was leveled and cleared, and prefabricated planting bags made of non-woven fabric were selected according to the design specifications. The in-situ desertified soil in the treatment area was collected as the growth substrate, and mixed with well-rotted cow and sheep manure organic fertilizer from the treatment area, as well as mixed grass seeds adapted to high-altitude areas, and stirred evenly to form a composite substrate. The composite substrate is filled into prefabricated vegetation bags and simultaneously sown on the surface of the treatment area; The treated area was raked using raking equipment to mix the spread composite substrate with the topsoil. In the treated area where the raking operation has been completed, lines are laid out according to the standard grid layout, with the diagonal of the grid parallel to the prevailing wind direction. Continuous trenches are excavated along the laid-out lines to construct a crisscrossing grid trench system. The grid trench system is used to provide a sunken limiting space for the prefabricated planting bags, so as to constrain the planting bags in both the horizontal and vertical directions. The prefabricated vegetation bags, which have been filled and sealed, are placed into the trench to construct a grid sand-fixing structure. At the same time, following the burial sequence of diagonal pressing and horizontal pressing at the intersections, the adjacent prefabricated vegetation bags form a linked whole that presses against each other and interlocks at the grid nodes. After all the prefabricated planting bags are buried, the trenches where the prefabricated planting bags were buried are covered with sand. The ground surface is then smoothed and leveled with leveling tools so that the top of the prefabricated planting bags is covered with soil and level with the surrounding sand. The ground surface is flat and without undulations, in order to eliminate the wind erosion starting point caused by the protruding planting bags and increase the integration of the planting bags with the sand surface.

2. The desertification control method adapted to high-altitude hydrogeological conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The prefabricated planting bag substrate is made of UV-resistant, high tensile strength biodegradable non-woven fabric with a tensile strength of not less than 500N. The standard cutting size is 100cm×10cm, and after sewing, it is a long cylindrical planting bag with an overall length of 100cm.

3. The desertification control method adapted to high-altitude hydrogeological conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mixed grass seeds include oats, creeping wheatgrass, and Kentucky bluegrass, with the weight ratio of creeping wheatgrass, Kentucky bluegrass, and oats being 6:3:

2.

4. The desertification control method adapted to high-altitude hydrogeological conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The volume ratio of sand to well-rotted cow and sheep manure in the composite matrix is ​​3:1 to 4:

1.

5. A desertification control method adapted to high-altitude hydrogeological conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The prefabricated planting bags are sealed using a rapid heat-sealing or binding method.

6. A desertification control method adapted to high-altitude hydrogeological conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The raking depth is 3cm to 5cm, and the raking is uniform to ensure that the mixed grass seeds, organic fertilizer and topsoil are fully integrated.

7. A desertification control method adapted to high-altitude hydrogeological conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The trench is 10cm deep, and the trench width matches the diameter of the prefabricated planting bag. The trench is straight, uniform in depth, and without any depth deviation. The trench is laid out as a 100cm×100cm square grid, with the intersection nodes neatly aligned.

8. A desertification control method adapted to high-altitude hydrogeological conditions according to claim 7, characterized in that: The top of the prefabricated vegetation bags is not higher than the surface of the sandy soil in the treatment area. The prefabricated vegetation bags are laid in a 100cm×100cm grid, with the diagonal of the grid parallel to the prevailing wind direction.

9. A desertification control method adapted to high-altitude hydrogeological conditions according to claim 8, characterized in that: The top of the prefabricated planting bag is covered with soil to a thickness of 2cm to 3cm.

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