A trench excavating tool and trench excavating machine

Abstract

The application discloses a trench excavation tool and a trench excavation machine. The trench excavation tool comprises: a quick-change bracket for connecting with a chassis of the trench excavation machine; a side-moving oil cylinder for driving a cutter head mounting frame to move laterally along the quick-change bracket, one end of the side-moving oil cylinder being hinged to the quick-change bracket and the other end being hinged to the cutter head mounting frame; a milling and excavating cutter head mounted on the cutter head mounting frame; a depth adjusting oil cylinder for controlling a working depth of the milling and excavating cutter head through a depth adjuster; a hydraulic motor for driving the milling and excavating cutter head to work; and the hydraulic motor, the depth adjusting oil cylinder and the side-moving oil cylinder being connected with the trench excavation machine through a control valve group. The trench excavation tool is miniaturized, can be quickly adapted to trench excavation machines of different types, and improves the automation degree and working efficiency of trench excavation and reduces the labor intensity of workers.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of engineering machinery technology, specifically relating to a trench excavation attachment and trench excavation machinery. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of municipal engineering construction, trench excavation is a crucial and fundamental task, and its construction quality and efficiency directly affect the progress and construction effect of the entire project. Traditional trench excavation operations mostly rely on manual labor or the use of large milling machines. Manual labor is inefficient and labor-intensive; large milling machines often have a series of problems such as inconvenient installation and limited operating space. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a trench excavation attachment and trench excavation machinery, which achieves miniaturization of the trench excavation attachment. At the same time, the trench excavation attachment can be quickly adapted to different types of trench excavation machinery, improving the automation level and work efficiency of trench excavation, and reducing the labor intensity of workers.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0005] In a first aspect, a trench excavation attachment is provided, comprising: a quick-change bracket for connecting to the chassis of a trench excavation machine; a lateral displacement cylinder for driving a cutterhead mounting frame to move laterally along the quick-change bracket, one end of the lateral displacement cylinder being hinged to the quick-change bracket and the other end being hinged to the cutterhead mounting frame; a milling cutterhead mounted on the cutterhead mounting frame; a depth adjustment cylinder for controlling the working depth of the milling cutterhead, one end of the depth adjustment cylinder being hinged to the cutterhead mounting frame and the other end being hinged to hinge point one of a depth adjuster; the depth adjuster being hinged to the cutterhead mounting frame via hinge point two; a hydraulic motor for driving the milling cutterhead to work; and the hydraulic motor, the depth adjustment cylinder, and the lateral displacement cylinder being connected to the trench excavation machine via a control valve assembly.

[0006] Furthermore, the cutter head mounting bracket is provided with a sliding bearing, and the quick-change bracket is provided with a lateral sliding rod, wherein the sliding bearing is slidably connected to the lateral sliding rod.

[0007] Furthermore, the depth adjuster also includes a hinge point three for mounting the support plate, wherein hinge point one, hinge point two, and hinge point three are located at the three vertices of the triangle, respectively.

[0008] Furthermore, the control valve assembly is mounted on the quick-change bracket, and the control valve assembly is connected to the hydraulic motor, depth adjustment cylinder, and side-shift cylinder via hydraulic lines; the control valve assembly is connected to the power platform of the trench excavation machinery via hydraulic quick couplings and aviation plugs.

[0009] Furthermore, the milling cutter head is mounted on the milling cutter head via a cutter head mounting seat and is arranged in a spiral shape along the circumference of the milling cutter head.

[0010] Furthermore, the quick-change bracket is equipped with slipper rollers.

[0011] In a second aspect, a trench excavation machine is provided, the trench excavation machine being equipped with the trench excavation attachments described in the first aspect.

[0012] Furthermore, the trench excavation machinery is equipped with a wheeled walking mechanism or a tracked walking mechanism.

[0013] Furthermore, the trench excavation machine is equipped with a control handle, which is connected to the vehicle controller and control valve group via an electrical signal. The driver inputs control signals to the vehicle controller via the control handle, and the vehicle controller outputs control signals to the control valve group. The control valve group then supplies hydraulic fluid to the hydraulic motor, lateral displacement cylinder, and depth adjustment cylinder, thereby realizing the trench excavation function and the lateral and depth adjustment of the trench excavation attachments.

[0014] Furthermore, the driver inputs control signals to the vehicle controller via the control handle, and the vehicle controller outputs control signals to the travel hydraulic pump to adjust the displacement and steering of the travel hydraulic pump, thereby realizing the travel control of the trench excavation machinery.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are as follows:

[0016] (1) The present invention uses a quick-change bracket to connect with the chassis of the trench excavation machine. The side-shifting cylinder drives the cutter head mounting frame to move laterally along the quick-change bracket. The depth adjustment cylinder controls the working depth of the milling cutter head. The hydraulic motor drives the milling cutter head to work. One end of the side-shifting cylinder is hinged to the quick-change bracket, and the other end is hinged to the cutter head mounting frame. The milling cutter head is mounted on the cutter head mounting frame. One end of the depth adjustment cylinder is hinged to the cutter head mounting frame, and the other end is hinged to the hinge point one of the depth adjuster. The depth adjuster is hinged to the cutter head mounting frame through the hinge point two. The hydraulic motor, the depth adjustment cylinder and the side-shifting cylinder are connected to the trench excavation machine through the control valve group, realizing the miniaturization of the trench excavation attachment. At the same time, the trench excavation attachment can be quickly adapted to different types of trench excavation machines, improving the automation level and work efficiency of trench excavation and reducing the labor intensity of workers.

[0017] (2) This invention enables rapid connection between trench excavation machinery and power platform;

[0018] (3) The power platform walking mechanism of the present invention can be a wheeled or tracked walking mechanism, which improves environmental adaptability;

[0019] (4) The control of the trench excavation machinery of the present invention is integrated into the control handle. The attachment operation can be directly controlled through the control handle without the need for additional control equipment, making it easy to operate. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a trench excavation machine provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the trench excavation attachment in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic motor installation of the trench excavation attachment in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the side-moving hydraulic cylinder of the trench excavation attachment in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the milling cutter head installation of the trench excavation attachment in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the milling cutter head arrangement of the trench excavation attachment in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the walking motor and the walking hydraulic pump in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the control handle in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] In the diagram: 1. Chassis; 2. Traveling mechanism; 3. Lifting arm; 4. Driver's cab; 5. Trench excavation attachments; 6. Control valve assembly; 7. Quick-change bracket; 8. Side-shifting cylinder; 9. Cutterhead mounting bracket; 10. Depth adjustment cylinder; 11. Depth adjuster; 111. Hinge point one; 112. Hinge point two; 113. Hinge point three; 114. Support plate; 12. Milling cutterhead; 13. Slipper roller; 14. Hydraulic motor; 15. Side-shifting slide bar; 16. Sliding bearing; 17. Cutter head mounting seat; 18. Milling cutter head; 191. Left travel motor; 192. Right travel motor; 20. Travel hydraulic pump; 21. Hydrostatic pipeline; 22. Control handle. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] Example 1

[0031] like Figure 2As shown, a trench excavation attachment mainly includes: a control valve assembly 6, a quick-change bracket 7, a side-shifting cylinder 8, a cutter head mounting bracket 9, a depth adjustment cylinder 10, a depth adjuster 11, a milling cutter head 12, and a slipper roller 13.

[0032] like Figures 2-6 As shown, the quick-change bracket 7 is used to connect to the chassis 1 of the trench excavating machinery. The side-shifting cylinder 8 drives the cutterhead mounting frame 9 to move laterally along the quick-change bracket 7. One end of the side-shifting cylinder 8 is hinged to the quick-change bracket 7, and the other end is hinged to the cutterhead mounting frame 9. In this invention, two sets of bearing seats are arranged on the cutterhead mounting frame 9, and sliding bearings 16 are arranged inside the bearing seats. Two sets of side-shifting slide rods 15 are provided on the quick-change bracket 7, and the sliding bearings 16 are slidably connected to the side-shifting slide rods 15. The cutterhead mounting frame 9 is connected to the quick-change bracket 7 through the sliding bearings 16 and the two sets of side-shifting slide rods 15.

[0033] The milling cutter head 12 is mounted on the cutter head mounting bracket 9. A cutter head mounting seat 17 is spirally welded to the milling cutter head 12 along its circumference. The milling cutter head 18 is mounted on the milling cutter head 12 via the cutter head mounting seat 17. The milling cutter head is typically a carbide cutter head. The milling cutter head 18 is arranged in a special spiral pattern along the circumference of the milling cutter head 12 to further ensure the uniformity of trench excavation. The hydraulic motor 14 of the milling cutter head 12 has a fixed side and a rotating side, each with a mounting flange. The fixed side flange is mechanically connected to the cutter head mounting bracket 9 via bolts; the rotating side flange is connected to the milling cutter head 12 via bolts. The power platform outputs hydraulic oil to the hydraulic motor 14, further driving the milling cutter head 12 to rotate.

[0034] The depth adjustment cylinder 10 is used to control the working depth of the milling cutter head 12. One end of the depth adjustment cylinder 10 is hinged to the cutter head mounting frame 9, and the other end is hinged to hinge point 111 of the depth adjuster 11. The depth adjuster 11 is hinged to the cutter head mounting frame 9 through hinge point 112. The depth adjuster 11 also includes hinge point 113 for mounting the support plate 114. Hinge points 111, 112, and 113 are located at the three vertices of a triangle, respectively.

[0035] Hydraulic motor 14 drives the milling cutterhead 12. Hydraulic motor 14, depth adjustment cylinder 10, and lateral displacement cylinder 8 are connected to the trench excavation machinery via control valve assembly 6. In this invention, control valve assembly 6 is mounted on quick-change bracket 7 and is connected to hydraulic motor 14, depth adjustment cylinder 10, and lateral displacement cylinder 8 via hydraulic lines. Control valve assembly 6 is connected to the power platform of the trench excavation machinery via hydraulic quick couplings and aviation connectors. The power platform of the trench excavation machinery has pre-installed hydraulic quick couplings for independently controlling the operation of the trench excavation attachment 5, as well as aviation connectors for providing electrical signals to the trench excavation attachment 5. The trench excavation attachment 5 can be connected to the power platform via these quick couplings.

[0036] Example 2

[0037] Based on the trench excavation attachment described in Embodiment 1, this embodiment provides a trench excavation machine. The trench excavation machine is equipped with the trench excavation attachment described in Embodiment 1, and the power platform of the trench excavation machine includes, but is not limited to, a skid steer loader.

[0038] The present invention takes the trench excavation machinery formed by the skid steer loader and the trench excavation attachment described in Embodiment 1 as an example to further illustrate that the skid steer loader can achieve 360-degree turning function on the spot.

[0039] like Figures 1-8 As shown, the trench excavating machinery includes a power platform, which comprises a chassis 1, a driver's cab 4, a control handle 22, a vehicle controller, a hydraulic pump, and hydraulic control valves. The control handle 22 includes a left handle and a right handle, located within the driver's cab 4. The driver issues control signals via the control handle 22. The control handle 22 can be an electrically controlled, hydraulically controlled, or mechanically controlled handle. The control handle 22 integrates control buttons for auxiliary implements. The left and right handles are connected to the vehicle controller via wiring harnesses. The vehicle controller is mounted on the chassis 1. The trench excavating machinery also includes a traveling mechanism 2 mounted on the chassis 1, which can be a wheeled or tracked traveling mechanism; it also includes a lifting boom 3, a driver's cab 4, and the trench excavating attachments 5 described in Embodiment 1. The driver's cab 4 is an enclosed structure, which is fixed to the chassis 1 by mechanical connection. The lifting arm 3 is a multi-link structure and is installed on the chassis 1 by pin connection. The trenching attachment 5 is mechanically connected to the lifting arm 3 by quick-change bracket 7 and quick-change pin. Then, a quick-change pin with spring auxiliary mechanism is used to achieve mechanical locking between the attachment quick-change bracket and the transplanting machinery. This locking includes two methods: manual locking and hydraulic assisted locking.

[0040] In this invention, the control handle 22 integrates a handle roller and buttons. The handle roller is used to adjust the hydraulic flow output of the attachment, which directly determines the rotation speed of the trench excavator's cutterhead. A set of buttons controls the extension and retraction of the depth adjustment cylinder, further adjusting the milling depth of the cutterhead. Another set of buttons controls the extension and retraction of the side-shift cylinder, further controlling the displacement of the cutterhead relative to the quick-change bracket of the attachment. This allows for trench excavation needs in various locations, expanding the excavation range.

[0041] The driver inputs control signals to the vehicle controller via the control handle 22. The vehicle controller outputs control signals to the power platform hydraulic valve group, which outputs hydraulic oil to the hydraulic motor 14 of the trench excavation attachment. The hydraulic motor 14 is mechanically connected to the milling cutter head 12. The rotation of the hydraulic motor 14 further drives the milling cutter head 12 to rotate, thereby realizing the trench excavation function of the road surface.

[0042] The control handle 22 is equipped with auxiliary attachment control buttons. The control handle 22 is connected to the control valve group 6 on the trench excavation attachment 5 via an electrical signal. The driver inputs control signals to the vehicle controller through the control handle 22. The vehicle controller outputs control signals to the control valve group 6. The control valve group 6 supplies hydraulic oil to the depth adjustment cylinder 10 by changing the flow direction of hydraulic oil. The depth adjustment cylinder 10 is mechanically connected to the depth adjuster 11. The movement of the depth adjustment cylinder 10 can realize the up and down movement of the depth adjuster 11, further adjusting the contact depth between the milling cutter head 12 and the road surface, and finally adjusting the milling depth of the milling cutter head 12. During relocation, the lifting arm 3 raises the trench excavation attachment 5 off the ground. Before milling, the lifting arm 3 lowers the trench excavation attachment 5 to the ground, with the sliding shoe roller 13 contacting the ground. The depth adjustment cylinder 10 drives the depth adjuster 11 downward until the support plate 114 contacts the ground. At this time, supported by the support plate 114, the milling cutter head 18 maintains a set safety gap with the ground to prevent damage to the milling cutter head 18. When operation begins, the depth adjustment cylinder 10 drives the depth adjuster 11 upward, and the rotating milling cutter head 18 gradually cuts into the ground. The cutting depth is controlled by the depth adjustment cylinder 10.

[0043] The driver inputs control signals to the vehicle controller by operating the handle 22. The vehicle controller outputs control signals to the control valve group 6. The control valve group 6 provides hydraulic oil to the side displacement cylinder 8 by changing the flow direction of the hydraulic oil. Through the movement of the side displacement cylinder 8, the cutter head mounting bracket 9 slides on the side displacement slide bar 15, further adjusting the relative position between the milling cutter head 12 and the quick change bracket 7, and finally adjusting the trench milling position.

[0044] The driver inputs control signals to the vehicle controller via the operating handle 22, and the vehicle controller outputs control signals to the travel hydraulic pump 20; see also Figure 7 The traveling hydraulic pump 20, hydrostatic pipeline 21, left traveling motor 191, and right traveling motor 192 together constitute the traveling unit of the trench excavating machine. The traveling hydraulic pump 20 and the traveling hydraulic motor are connected by the hydrostatic pipeline 21. The traveling hydraulic pump 20 consists of a front pump and a rear pump (sharing a common housing), with one pump controlling one traveling motor. The traveling hydraulic pump 20 is a variable displacement hydraulic pump. The vehicle controller adjusts the displacement of the traveling hydraulic pump 20 through electrical signals, further controlling the forward and reverse rotation of the left traveling motor 191 and the right traveling motor 192, and further controlling the traveling unit to achieve forward, backward, turning, and stationary turning actions. The vehicle controller outputs signals to the traveling hydraulic pump, converting the electrical signals into hydraulic signals. The hydraulic signals, through changes in pressure and flow, further control the displacement of the traveling hydraulic pump, further control the output speed of the traveling motor, and ultimately control the movement speed of the power platform. During operation, the skid steer loader moves under the drive of the left travel motor 191 and the right travel motor 192, dragging the trench excavation attachment 5. The skid rollers 13 of the trench excavation attachment 5 roll on the ground, while the support plate 114 slides on the ground.

[0045] The power platform working unit receives output signals from the vehicle controller and controls the extension and retraction of the lifting and tilting cylinders via the power platform hydraulic valve group. This further controls the lifting and lowering of the lifting arm and the rotation of the attachment quick-change bracket, ultimately adjusting the working height and angle of the trench excavation. The power platform can be equipped with an independent control circuit and hydraulic quick-connect device, providing electrical signals and hydraulic power to auxiliary devices for further control. The driver inputs control signals to the controller via the control handle. The vehicle controller then inputs control signals to the trench excavation attachment actuator valve group. The trench excavation attachment actuator valve group outputs hydraulic signals to the depth and lateral displacement cylinders by changing the hydraulic oil flow, further controlling the excavation depth and position of the trench excavation attachment.

[0046] Skid steer loaders, thanks to their unique transmission design, feature flexible steering and powerful performance. When paired with trenching attachments, the disc trenching attachments produce trenches with regular and uniform shapes, suitable for trenching operations in various municipal engineering and landscaping fields. Tracked chassis combined with trenching attachments minimize surface damage during pipeline laying on unpaved roads in agriculture and landscaping, contributing to environmental protection. This invention features adjustable excavation depth and lateral displacement of the excavation mechanism, enabling efficient and precise road surface cutting. Its compact structure and high adaptability allow it to accommodate various construction surfaces.

[0047] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A trench excavation attachment, characterized in that, include: Quick-change bracket (7) for connection with the chassis (1) of trench excavation machinery. A lateral displacement cylinder (8) is used to drive the cutter head mounting bracket (9) to move laterally along the quick change bracket (7). One end of the lateral displacement cylinder (8) is hinged to the quick change bracket (7), and the other end is hinged to the cutter head mounting bracket (9). Milling cutter head (12) mounted on the cutter head mounting bracket (9); A depth adjustment cylinder (10) is used to control the working depth of the milling cutter head (12). One end of the depth adjustment cylinder (10) is hinged to the cutter head mounting frame (9), and the other end is hinged to the first hinge point (111) of the depth adjuster (11). The depth adjuster (11) is hinged to the cutter head mounting frame (9) through the second hinge point (112). Hydraulic motor (14) for driving the milling cutter head (12) to work. The hydraulic motor (14), depth adjustment cylinder (10) and side displacement cylinder (8) are connected to the trench excavation machinery through the control valve group (6).

2. The trench excavation attachment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cutter head mounting bracket (9) is provided with a sliding bearing (16), and the quick-change bracket (7) is provided with a side-shifting slide rod (15). The sliding bearing (16) and the side-shifting slide rod (15) are slidably connected.

3. The trench excavation attachment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The depth adjuster (11) also includes a hinge point three for mounting the support plate (114), wherein hinge point one (111), hinge point two (112) and hinge point three (113) are located at the three vertices of the triangle respectively.

4. The trench excavation attachment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control valve assembly (6) is mounted on the quick-change bracket (7). The control valve assembly (6) is connected to the hydraulic motor (14), the depth adjustment cylinder (10), and the side-shifting cylinder (8) via hydraulic pipelines. The control valve assembly (6) is connected to the power platform of the trench excavation machinery via hydraulic quick connectors and aviation plugs.

5. The trench excavation attachment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The milling cutter head (18) is mounted on the milling cutter head (12) via the cutter head mounting base (17) and is arranged in a spiral shape along the circumference of the milling cutter head (12).

6. The trench excavation attachment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The quick-change bracket (7) is equipped with a slipper roller (13).

7. A trench excavation machine, characterized in that, The trench excavation machinery is equipped with the trench excavation attachments as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

8. The trench excavation machinery according to claim 7, characterized in that, The trench excavation machinery is equipped with a wheeled walking mechanism or a tracked walking mechanism.

9. The trench excavation machinery according to claim 7, characterized in that, The trench excavation machine is equipped with a control handle (22), which is connected to the vehicle controller and the control valve group (6) via an electrical signal. The driver inputs a control signal to the vehicle controller via the control handle (22), and the vehicle controller outputs a control signal to the control valve group (6). The control valve group (6) provides hydraulic oil to the hydraulic motor (14), the lateral displacement cylinder (8), and the depth adjustment cylinder (10), thereby realizing the trench excavation function and the lateral and depth adjustment of the trench excavation attachments.

10. The trench excavation machinery according to claim 9, characterized in that, The driver inputs a control signal to the vehicle controller via the control handle (22), and the vehicle controller outputs a control signal to the travel hydraulic pump (20) to adjust the displacement and steering of the travel hydraulic pump (20), thereby realizing the travel control of the trench excavation machinery.

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