Prefabricated laminated slab fixed mounting structure and mounting method

Abstract

The application belongs to the field of prefabricated composite slab installation, and discloses a prefabricated composite slab fixed mounting structure and a mounting method, which comprise a concrete frame beam, a prefabricated composite slab and an anchoring seat; when the application is used, the self-weight air pressure linkage integrated prefabricated composite slab fixed mounting structure is provided, the self-weight of the falling installation of the composite slab is used as the only driving power, external source equipment such as electricity and hydraulic pressure and manual secondary adjustment are not needed, the automatic accurate alignment of the plate body, the two-way mechanical locking, the concealed grouting consolidation and the beam body splicing sealing multiple functions can be simultaneously realized, the construction process is greatly simplified, the manual operation cost and the construction error are greatly reduced, the problems of the traditional composite slab installation, such as easy deviation and misalignment, low alignment accuracy and poor construction efficiency, are solved, the top sliding lock tongue and the bottom lateral anchoring head are synchronously driven to extend out through the closed shunt air path, and the threaded mechanical locking and the grouting consolidation are matched to form a double rigid fixed structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of precast composite slab installation technology, and in particular to a precast composite slab fixing and installation structure and method. Background Technology

[0002] Precast composite slabs are the core load-bearing components in prefabricated building construction. With their advantages of fast construction speed, less on-site wet work, and high degree of industrialization, they are widely used in various building floor slab construction scenarios.

[0003] Currently, there are still many industry pain points to be solved in the installation and construction of traditional precast composite slabs. The existing connection structure between composite slabs and concrete frame beams mostly adopts the installation method of manual alignment, simple overlapping, and overall casting and fixing in the later stage. The installation accuracy depends entirely on the manual operation experience, which is prone to problems such as slab displacement, misalignment, and uneven gaps. The assembly alignment accuracy is poor and the construction error tolerance is low.

[0004] Meanwhile, traditional connection structures rely solely on concrete pouring for overall bonding and fixation. Without pre-limiting or pre-anchoring structures during the assembly stage, the composite slabs have poor stability after being placed and are easily displaced by construction vibrations and load disturbances, leading to quality problems such as cracking and leakage at the floor slab splicing joints in the later stages.

[0005] In addition, traditional installation processes are cumbersome, requiring multiple manual adjustments and the addition of temporary supports for fixation. This results in high labor costs, low construction efficiency, and poor sealing performance at beam and slab splicing points, which can easily lead to grout leakage and water seepage during pouring, affecting the quality of floor slab formation and structural durability. Conventional composite slab fixing structures lack self-adaptive linkage locking functions and cannot achieve automatic limiting and reinforcement based on the assembly's own movements. As a result, the overall structural integrity, anti-slip, and anti-overturning performance are weak, making it difficult to meet the construction precision and structural safety requirements of high-standard prefabricated buildings. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention provides a precast composite slab fixing and installation structure that solves the technical problems of low alignment accuracy, poor construction efficiency, weak assembly stability, easy displacement and cracking, and poor sealing effect in existing precast composite slab installations. It provides a precast composite slab fixing and installation structure and installation method that relies on the slab's own weight to achieve pure mechanical pneumatic linkage locking without external power. It can simultaneously complete precise alignment, bidirectional anchoring, grouting consolidation, and splicing sealing, greatly improving assembly accuracy and structural stability.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a precast composite slab fixing installation structure, comprising: a concrete frame beam, a precast composite slab, and an anchorage. The top of the concrete frame beam is provided with a plate limiting groove, and the inner wall of the plate limiting groove is symmetrically provided with horizontal positioning slots. The top of the horizontal positioning slots is provided with grouting alignment holes. Both sides of the prefabricated composite slab are provided with sealed cavities. A vertical extrusion top plate is slidably arranged inside the sealed cavity. An extrusion piston that is movably embedded in the inner wall of the sealed cavity and extrusions in cooperation with the vertical extrusion top plate is extruded. The concrete frame beam is symmetrically provided with sliding grooves on both sides. A sealed box is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the sliding groove. A push plate is slidably installed on the inner wall of the sealed box. A sliding locking tongue is fixedly installed on the outer side of the push plate through a connecting support. The anchoring seat is fixedly installed at the bottom of the concrete frame beam. The anchoring seat has a hollow sleeve arranged at an inclination. The hollow sleeve is provided with a sliding inner core, a guide rod, and a return spring. A lateral anchoring head is fixedly installed at the outer end of the guide rod. The sealed cavity is connected to the sealed box and the interior of the hollow sleeve through a connecting pipe, a conductive hollow pipe, and a transfer channel, forming a pneumatic linkage air circuit.

[0008] As a further improvement of the present invention: the top of the concrete frame beam is provided with a vertical insertion groove, and the vertical extrusion top plate is correspondingly inserted and adapted to the inner wall of the vertical insertion groove. The vertical extrusion top plate can slide vertically along the vertical insertion groove.

[0009] As a further improvement of the present invention: a grouting channel is provided on one side of the sliding lock tongue, and a grouting port communicating with the grouting channel is provided on the top of the sliding lock tongue. The grouting port is aligned and adapted with the grouting alignment hole to form a grouting passage.

[0010] As a further improvement of the present invention: lateral anchoring grooves are provided on both the left and right sides of the concrete frame beam, and a plurality of threaded fixing holes are arrayed on the inner wall of the lateral anchoring grooves.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present invention: the hollow sleeve is inclined and fixedly disposed on one side of the anchoring seat, and the sidewall array of the lateral anchoring head is provided with threaded locking holes that match and adapt to the threaded fixing holes.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present invention: the return spring is movably sleeved on the outer surface of the guide rod, and the two ends of the return spring abut against the sliding inner core and the inner wall of the hollow sleeve, respectively.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present invention: a splicing groove is provided on the top side of the concrete frame beam, and the splicing grooves of two adjacent concrete frame beams are joined together to form a sealing long groove, and a sealing strip is fitted inside the sealing long groove.

[0014] As a further improvement of the present invention: a limiting plate is fixedly provided at the bottom of the precast composite slab, and the limiting plate cooperates with the concrete frame beam to limit the installation offset of the precast composite slab.

[0015] As a further improvement of the present invention: the connecting pipe, the conductive hollow pipe, and the transfer channel form a closed-loop air distribution path, which can simultaneously transmit air pressure to the sealed box and the hollow sleeve, so as to realize the synchronous linkage extension of the sliding locking tongue and the lateral anchor head.

[0016] A method for installing precast composite slabs, based on the aforementioned precast composite slab fixing and installation structure, includes the following steps: S1. Pre-installation and fixing: The anchor seat is fixedly installed at the bottom of the concrete frame beam. The hollow sleeve, sliding inner core, return spring and sealing box are pre-installed and reset to ensure that the moving parts are in the initial unloaded state. The adjacent concrete frame beams are joined together and a sealing long groove is formed by splicing through the splicing groove and the sealing strip is embedded to complete the beam sealing pretreatment. S2, Drop Extrusion: The precast composite slab is hoisted and lowered to the top of the concrete frame beam, so that the vertical extrusion top plate is inserted into the vertical insertion slot. The slab's own weight presses down and drives the vertical extrusion top plate to slide upward relative to the sealed cavity, pushing the extrusion piston to compress the gas inside the cavity and complete the pneumatic energy storage. S3, Pneumatic linkage locking: The gas inside the cavity is transmitted through the diversion air path. One path drives the sliding locking tongue to extend and engage with the horizontal positioning slot to complete the automatic alignment and limiting of the prefabricated composite plate. The other path drives the lateral anchor head to extend and insert into the lateral anchor groove to align the threaded locking hole with the threaded fixing hole. S4. Mechanical locking: Drive threaded nails into the aligned threaded holes to complete the rigid anchoring of the lateral anchor head to the concrete frame beam. S5. Grouting consolidation: Consolidation grout is injected into the grouting channel through the grouting alignment hole and grouting port. The grout fills the gap and solidifies, realizing the rigid consolidation of the slab and beam as a whole.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and positive effects of the present invention are as follows: This invention utilizes a self-weight, air-pressure-linked, integrated precast composite slab fixing and installation structure. The slab's own weight serves as the sole driving force, eliminating the need for external electrical or hydraulic equipment and manual adjustments. This simultaneously achieves multiple functions: automatic and precise slab alignment, bidirectional mechanical locking, concealed grouting consolidation, and beam splicing sealing. This significantly simplifies construction procedures, reduces labor costs and errors, and solves the problems of easy misalignment, low alignment accuracy, and poor construction efficiency associated with traditional composite slab installations. A closed-loop airflow synchronously drives the top sliding locking tongue and bottom lateral anchor head to extend in tandem. Combined with threaded mechanical locking and grouting consolidation, this forms a double-rigid fixing structure. Combined with the triangular stable force system formed by the inclined anchor seats, this greatly improves the integrity, anti-slip, anti-overturning, and vibration resistance of the connection between the composite slab and the frame beam, effectively preventing later-stage floor slab cracking and loosening. Simultaneously, the sealing structure of the beam splicing groove with the sealing strip effectively prevents grout leakage and water seepage during pouring, improving the floor slab forming quality and waterproof durability. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating a scenario of a prefabricated composite slab fixing and installation structure and method proposed in this invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a side view of a prefabricated composite slab fixing and installation structure and method proposed in this application embodiment.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the prefabricated composite slab in the embodiments of this application.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram of the concrete frame beam in an embodiment of this application.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the prefabricated composite slab in an embodiment of this application.

[0023] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the concrete frame beam in an embodiment of this application.

[0024] Figure 7 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the sealed box in an embodiment of this application.

[0025] Figure 8 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the hollow sleeve in an embodiment of this application.

[0026] Legend: 1. Concrete frame beam; 101. Horizontal positioning slot; 102. Grouting alignment hole; 103. Vertical insertion slot; 104. Lateral anchoring slot; 105. Threaded fixing hole; 106. Slab limiting groove; 2. Precast composite slab; 201. Vertical extrusion top plate; 202. Extrusion piston; 203. Sealing box; 204. Push plate; 205. Connecting support; 206. Sliding locking tongue; 2 07. Grouting channel; 208. Grouting port; 209. Connecting pipe; 210. Sliding groove; 211. Limiting plate; 212. Splicing groove; 213. Sealed cavity; 3. Anchor seat; 301. Hollow sleeve; 302. Sliding inner core; 303. Guide rod; 304. Return spring; 305. Lateral anchor head; 306. Threaded locking hole; 307. Transfer channel; 308. Conducting hollow pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] Please see Figure 1 - Figure 8 This invention provides a precast composite slab fixing and installation structure, including: a concrete frame beam 1, a precast composite slab 2, and an anchoring base 3; the top of the concrete frame beam 1 is provided with a slab limiting groove 106, and the inner wall of the slab limiting groove 106 is symmetrically provided with horizontal positioning slots 101, and the top of the horizontal positioning slots 101 is provided with grouting alignment holes 102; both sides of the precast composite slab 2 are provided with sealed cavities 213, and a vertical extrusion top plate 201 is slidably arranged inside the sealed cavity 213, and an extrusion piston 202 that extrudes and cooperates with the vertical extrusion top plate 201 is movably embedded in the inner wall of the sealed cavity 213; both sides of the concrete frame beam 1 are symmetrically provided with sliding grooves 210, and the sliding grooves 210 are provided with... A sealed box 203 is fixedly installed on the wall. A push plate 204 is slidably installed on the inner wall of the sealed box 203. A sliding locking tongue 206 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the push plate 204 through a connecting support 205. Anchor seat 3 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the concrete frame beam 1. A hollow sleeve 301 is inclinedly arranged on the anchor seat 3. A sliding inner core 302, a guide rod 303, and a return spring 304 are installed inside the hollow sleeve 301. A lateral anchor head 305 is fixedly installed at the outer end of the guide rod 303. A sealed cavity 213 is connected to the sealed box 203 and the hollow sleeve 301 through a connecting pipe 209, a connecting hollow pipe 308, and a transfer channel 307, respectively, to form a pneumatic linkage air circuit.

[0029] In use, the anchor seat 3 is first fixedly assembled at the bottom of the concrete frame beam 1, so that the hollow sleeve 301 is in an inclined position. At the same time, it is ensured that the sliding inner core 302, guide rod 303 and return spring 304 inside the hollow sleeve 301 are in the initial assembly state, and each moving part can slide and return flexibly. After the precast composite slab 2 is hoisted and aligned, it is lowered into the plate limiting groove 106 at the top of the concrete frame beam 1 to achieve the initial limiting support of the precast composite slab 2. During the process of lowering and settling the precast composite slab 2, the slab's own weight causes the vertical extrusion top plate 201 to slide vertically relative to the sealed cavity 213. The vertical extrusion top plate 201 continuously pushes the extrusion piston 202 to compress and store energy in the air inside the sealed cavity 213. The pressurized gas is delivered to the sealed box 203 and the hollow sleeve 301 through a closed-loop gas path consisting of a connecting pipe 209, a connecting hollow pipe 308, and a transfer channel 307. The two gas pressures drive the corresponding components to move: the gas pressure inside the sealed box 203 pushes the push plate 204 to slide horizontally, and drives the sliding locking tongue 206 to extend synchronously through the connecting support 205, so that the sliding locking tongue 206 fits into the horizontal positioning slot 101, realizing the lateral limiting and fitting of the precast composite slab 2 and the concrete frame beam 1; at the same time, the gas pressure inside the hollow sleeve 301 drives the sliding inner core 302 to compress the return spring 304, which drives the guide rod 303 and the lateral anchor head 305 at the end to extend outward, completing the lateral alignment support of the bottom of the slab beam.

[0030] The entire assembly relies solely on the self-weight of the precast composite slab 2 as its sole driving force. Through a purely mechanical and pneumatic linkage, the top slab is simultaneously positioned and the bottom lateral anchoring is aligned. No additional manual adjustment or external equipment drive is required. After assembly, subsequent consolidation work can be completed through the reserved channel of the grouting alignment hole 102. The overall assembly has strong adaptability and high alignment accuracy.

[0031] like Figure 1 - Figure 8 As shown, in one embodiment, the top of the concrete frame beam 1 is provided with a vertical insertion groove 103, and the vertical extrusion top plate 201 is correspondingly inserted and adapted to the inner wall of the vertical insertion groove 103. The vertical extrusion top plate 201 can slide vertically along the vertical insertion groove 103. The vertical insertion groove 103 provides vertical guidance and limitation for the vertical extrusion top plate 201, ensuring that the pressing process is vertical and stable, avoiding extrusion deviation, and ensuring the stability and accuracy of pneumatic extrusion energy storage.

[0032] like Figure 1 - Figure 8As shown, in one embodiment, a grouting channel 207 is provided on one side of the sliding lock tongue 206, and a grouting port 208 communicating with the grouting channel 207 is provided on the top of the sliding lock tongue 206. The grouting port 208 is aligned and adapted with the grouting alignment hole 102 to form a grouting passage. The concealed grouting consolidation is achieved through the aligned and connected grouting passage, so that the lock tongue structure and the beam are tightly bonded together, effectively eliminating assembly gaps and greatly improving the overall integrity and crack resistance of the plate beam connection.

[0033] Furthermore, lateral anchoring grooves 104 are provided on both the left and right sides of the concrete frame beam 1. Several threaded fixing holes 105 are arrayed on the inner wall of the lateral anchoring grooves 104. The lateral anchoring grooves 104 can provide precise anchoring space for the lateral anchoring heads 305. Multiple sets of threaded fixing holes 105 can be matched and installed to improve the firmness of mechanical locking and the fault tolerance of installation.

[0034] Furthermore, the hollow sleeve 301 is inclined and fixed on one side of the anchoring seat 3, and the side wall array of the lateral anchoring head 305 is provided with threaded locking holes 306 that match and adapt to the threaded fixing holes 105. The inclined anchoring structure is combined with the threaded alignment and locking to form a triangular stable force system, which effectively improves the overall structure's anti-slip and anti-overturning capabilities and makes the assembled structure more rigid.

[0035] Furthermore, the return spring 304 is movably sleeved on the outer surface of the guide rod 303. The two ends of the return spring 304 abut against the inner wall of the sliding inner core 302 and the hollow sleeve 301, respectively. The return spring 304 enables the lateral anchor head 305 to retract before construction, preventing it from touching the concrete frame beam 1 when pressed down.

[0036] like Figure 1 - Figure 8 As shown, in one embodiment, a splicing groove 212 is provided on the top side of the concrete frame beam 1. The splicing grooves 212 of two adjacent concrete frame beams 1 are spliced ​​together to form a sealing long groove. A sealing strip is fitted inside the sealing long groove. The splicing groove 212 is aligned and sealed to effectively block the splicing gaps of the beam body, prevent the cast-in-place concrete from leaking grout and seeping water, and improve the overall casting quality and structural waterproof performance.

[0037] like Figure 1 - Figure 8 As shown, in one embodiment, a limiting plate 211 is fixedly provided at the bottom of the precast composite slab 2. The limiting plate 211 is matched with the concrete frame beam 1 to limit the installation offset of the precast composite slab 2. The limiting plate 211 can further limit the horizontal offset of the precast composite slab 2, ensure the assembly alignment accuracy, and avoid construction misalignment.

[0038] Furthermore, the connecting pipe 209, the hollow tube 308, and the transfer channel 307 form a closed-loop air distribution path, which can simultaneously transmit pneumatic power to the sealed box 203 and the hollow sleeve 301, so as to realize the synchronous extension of the sliding locking tongue 206 and the lateral anchor head 305. One set of pneumatic power synchronously drives the two sets of locking structures, realizing the linkage of one force and two effects, eliminating the need for manual step-by-step operation, simplifying the construction process, and greatly improving the assembly efficiency and the synchronous locking accuracy of the structure.

[0039] This structure is a purely mechanical, pneumatically linked, self-locking, grouting-type precast composite slab fixing and installation structure. The entire process relies solely on the self-weight of the precast composite slab 2 during its descent, requiring no electricity, hydraulic pressure, or manual external force adjustment. It achieves automatic alignment, mechanical anchoring, grouting consolidation, and sealing protection through pneumatic pressure distribution linkage, integrating the entire construction process. The specific installation workflow is as follows: Pre-construction alignment: Before construction, the anchor seat 3 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the concrete frame beam 1, and the pre-installation and repositioning of each air passage, sliding component and sealing component are completed to ensure that all moving parts are in the initial unloaded state. Adjacent concrete frame beams 1 are joined together and assembled. The splicing groove 212 on the top side is used to form a complete sealing long groove. The sealing strip is embedded to complete the splicing and sealing of the beam body, avoiding the problems of grout leakage and water seepage during later pouring. Drop-and-compress energy storage: The precast composite slab 2 is hoisted and lowered to the top of the concrete frame beam 1. The vertical compression top plate 201 on the side of the precast composite slab 2 is inserted into the vertical insertion groove 103 of the concrete frame beam 1. As the slab body presses down, the vertical compression top plate 201 slides upward relative to the sealed cavities 213 on both sides of the precast composite slab 2, pushing the compression piston 202 to compress the air inside the sealed cavity 213, thus completing the pneumatic energy storage. Two-way linkage of gas flow diversion: The compressed gas is diverted through the connecting pipe 209, the hollow tube 308, and the transfer channel 307 to form two independent air pressure forces. The first gas is introduced into the sealed box 203, which pushes the push plate 204 and the connecting support 205 to slide the locking tongue 206 horizontally along the sliding groove 210, so that the sliding locking tongue 206 is locked into the horizontal positioning groove 101 on the inner wall of the plate limiting groove 106, realizing the automatic centering, limiting and preventing movement, and preventing installation misalignment of the precast composite plate 2. The second gas is introduced into the inclined hollow sleeve 301, and the air pressure drives the sliding inner core 302 to compress the reset spring 304, which drives the guide rod 303 and the lateral anchor head 305 to extend outward, so that the lateral anchor head 305 is accurately inserted into the lateral anchor groove 104 on both sides of the concrete frame beam 1. After the lateral anchor head 305 is in place, the threaded locking hole 306 on its side wall is precisely aligned with the threaded fixing hole 105 on the inner wall of the lateral anchor groove 104. Rigid mechanical anchoring is completed by driving in threaded nails. The hollow sleeve 301, the anchor seat 3 and the concrete frame beam 1 form a triangular stable support structure, which greatly improves the overall structure's anti-slip, anti-overturning and anti-vibration performance. Grouting and consolidation: After the sliding locking tongue 206 is engaged, the grouting port 208 at its top is precisely connected to the grouting alignment hole 102 at the top of the horizontal positioning slot 101, forming a complete grouting passage. The consolidation grout is injected into the internal grouting channel 207 through the grouting alignment hole 102 and the grouting port 208. The grout fills the gap between the components and the inner cavity of the channel. After the grout solidifies, it forms an integral consolidation structure, realizing a permanent rigid connection between the precast composite slab 2 and the concrete frame beam 1.

[0040] The above-mentioned models are all commercially available products in the prior art. This application is only used as an example of an embodiment and does not limit the use of other equivalent models.

[0041] All standard parts used in this application can be purchased from the market, and irregular parts can be customized according to the description and drawings. The specific connection methods of each part adopt conventional methods such as bolts, rivets, and welding that are mature in the prior art. The machinery, parts and equipment adopt conventional models in the prior art, and the circuit connection adopts conventional connection methods in the prior art. The contents not described in detail in this specification are existing technologies known to those skilled in the art.

[0042] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0043] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A prefabricated composite slab fixing and installation structure, characterized in that, include: Concrete frame beam (1), precast composite slab (2) and anchorage (3); The concrete frame beam (1) has a plate limiting groove (106) on the top, and a horizontal positioning slot (101) is symmetrically provided on the inner wall of the plate limiting groove (106). A grouting alignment hole (102) is provided on the top of the horizontal positioning slot (101). The prefabricated composite slab (2) has a sealed cavity (213) on both sides. A vertical extrusion top plate (201) is slidably arranged inside the sealed cavity (213). An extrusion piston (202) that is extruded and cooperates with the vertical extrusion top plate (201) is movably embedded in the inner wall of the sealed cavity (213). The concrete frame beam (1) has symmetrical sliding grooves (210) on both sides. A sealing box (203) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the sliding groove (210). A push plate (204) is slidably installed on the inner wall of the sealing box (203). A sliding locking tongue (206) is fixedly installed on the outer side of the push plate (204) through a connecting support (205). The anchorage (3) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the concrete frame beam (1). The anchorage (3) has a hollow sleeve (301) arranged at an inclination. The hollow sleeve (301) is provided with a sliding inner core (302), a guide rod (303), and a return spring (304). The outer end of the guide rod (303) is fixedly provided with a lateral anchor head (305). The sealed cavity (213) is connected to the sealed box (203) and the interior of the hollow sleeve (301) through the connecting pipe (209), the conducting hollow pipe (308), and the transfer channel (307) respectively, forming a pneumatic linkage air circuit.

2. The prefabricated composite slab fixing and installation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the concrete frame beam (1) is provided with a vertical insertion groove (103), and the vertical extrusion top plate (201) is correspondingly inserted and adapted to the inner wall of the vertical insertion groove (103). The vertical extrusion top plate (201) can slide vertically along the vertical insertion groove (103).

3. The prefabricated composite slab fixing and installation structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: A grouting channel (207) is provided on one side of the sliding locking tongue (206), and a grouting port (208) communicating with the grouting channel (207) is provided on the top of the sliding locking tongue (206). The grouting port (208) is aligned and adapted with the grouting alignment hole (102) to form a grouting passage.

4. The prefabricated composite slab fixing and installation structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The concrete frame beam (1) has lateral anchoring grooves (104) on both the left and right sides, and the inner wall of the lateral anchoring grooves (104) has a number of threaded fixing holes (105) arranged in an array.

5. The precast composite slab fixing and installation structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The hollow sleeve (301) is inclined and fixed on one side of the anchor seat (3), and the side wall array of the lateral anchor head (305) is provided with threaded locking holes (306) that match and adapt to the threaded fixing holes (105).

6. The prefabricated composite slab fixing and installation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reset spring (304) is movably sleeved on the outer surface of the guide rod (303), and the two ends of the reset spring (304) abut against the inner wall of the sliding inner core (302) and the hollow sleeve (301), respectively.

7. The prefabricated composite slab fixing and installation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top side of the concrete frame beam (1) is provided with a splicing groove (212). The splicing grooves (212) of two adjacent concrete frame beams (1) are spliced ​​together to form a sealing long groove. A sealing strip is fitted inside the sealing long groove.

8. The prefabricated composite slab fixing and installation structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The bottom of the precast composite slab (2) is fixedly provided with a limiting plate (211), which is matched with the concrete frame beam (1) to limit the installation offset of the precast composite slab (2).

9. The prefabricated composite slab fixing and installation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting pipe (209), the conductive hollow pipe (308), and the transfer channel (307) form a closed-loop air diversion path, which can simultaneously transmit air pressure to the sealed box (203) and the hollow sleeve (301), so as to realize the synchronous linkage extension of the sliding locking tongue (206) and the lateral anchor head (305).

10. A method for installing precast composite slabs, comprising a precast composite slab fixing and installation structure according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Pre-installation and fixing: The anchor seat (3) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the concrete frame beam (1). The hollow sleeve (301), sliding inner core (302), return spring (304), and sealing box (203) are pre-installed and reset to ensure that the moving parts are in the initial unloaded state. The adjacent concrete frame beams (1) are connected and spliced ​​together through the splicing groove (212) to form a sealing long groove and embed the sealing strip to complete the beam sealing pretreatment. S2, Dropping and extrusion: The precast composite slab (2) is hoisted and lowered to the top of the concrete frame beam (1), so that the vertical extrusion top plate (201) is inserted into the vertical insertion slot (103). The slab's own weight presses down and drives the vertical extrusion top plate (201) to slide upward relative to the sealed cavity (213), pushing the extrusion piston (202) to compress the gas inside the cavity and complete the gas pressure energy storage. S3, pneumatic linkage locking: The gas inside the cavity is transmitted through the diversion gas path. One path drives the sliding locking tongue (206) to extend and engage with the horizontal positioning slot (101) to complete the automatic alignment and limiting of the prefabricated composite plate (2). The other path drives the lateral anchor head (305) to extend and insert into the lateral anchor groove (104) to align the threaded locking hole (306) with the threaded fixing hole (105). S4. Mechanical locking: Drive threaded nails into the aligned threaded holes to complete the rigid anchoring of the lateral anchor head (305) to the concrete frame beam (1); S5. Grouting consolidation: Consolidation grout is injected into the grouting channel (207) through the grouting alignment hole (102) and grouting port (208). The grout fills the gap and solidifies, realizing the rigid consolidation of the slab beam.

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