A one-dimensional adjustable damping hinge based on poisson effect

Abstract

The application relates to the field of mechanical structures, in particular to a one-word type adjustable damping hinge based on Poisson effect. The hinge solves the problems of structural bulkiness, difficulty in miniaturization and easy attenuation of damping under long-term vibration caused by the fact that the damping adjustment mechanism and the thread anti-loosening structure are independent of each other and the parts are numerous. The hinge comprises a base, a hinge arm, a threaded adjustment assembly and two elastic friction bodies. The hinge arm is provided with a rotating hole. The two elastic friction bodies are respectively arranged on the two sides of the base and each end of the two elastic friction bodies is connected with the base and the other end of the two elastic friction bodies extends into the rotating hole. Each elastic friction body is provided with a through hole along the axis of the elastic friction body, and the threaded adjustment assembly passes through the through hole. The base is provided with a first limiting part and a second limiting part. The elastic friction body is provided with a third limiting part matched with the first limiting part. The outer contour of the nut of the threaded adjustment assembly is matched with the second limiting part to limit the circumferential rotation of the nut. The bolt is screwed into the nut and axial extrusion force is applied to the two elastic friction bodies to make the two elastic friction bodies generate radial expansion based on Poisson effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of mechanical structures, and more specifically, to a linear adjustable damping hinge based on the Poisson effect. Background Technology

[0002] A hinge is a mechanical connection structure used to connect two solid components, allowing them to rotate relative to each other within a certain angle range. It is widely used in doors and windows, furniture cabinets, machinery, electronic devices such as laptops and foldable mobile phone screens, and vehicle parts, serving to achieve rotational opening and closing, provide support and positioning, and transmit motion. Common hinges include hinged hinges, pivot hinges, and spring hinges. Damped hinges, due to their ability to provide smooth resistance during rotation, avoid impact collisions, and achieve hovering or slow closing at any position, offer a superior user experience and are gradually replacing undamped hinges in most scenarios. The main methods by which existing damped hinges achieve damping are as follows:

[0003] Hydraulic damping: This method utilizes the fluid resistance generated when damping oil passes through narrow channels within the cylinder to achieve buffering, and is currently the most widely used damping method. The damping force of a hydraulic damping hinge is usually fixed and not adjustable, although some high-end products achieve limited damping adjustment by adjusting the cross-sectional area of ​​the oil passage.

[0004] Friction damping: Damping is achieved by generating frictional force through the relative sliding between friction components. It has a simple structure and low cost, but the damping force is often fixed or has a limited adjustment range.

[0005] Elastic material damping: It uses the deformation of elastic materials such as rubber and springs to absorb energy and achieve a buffering effect.

[0006] Viscous damping: Damping is achieved by utilizing the resistance of high-viscosity media such as damping grease and silicone oil in shear flow.

[0007] Comparison Patent 1: CN202210070701.7 - Adjustable Damping Hinge Structure:

[0008] This patent discloses an adjustable damping hinge structure, including a damping adjustment bolt, a hinge head, a C-shaped bushing, and a wear-resistant layer. The hinge head is connected to the hinge arm pivot on the hinge arm via the C-shaped bushing. The C-shaped bushing is disposed inside the hinge head, and a wear-resistant layer is laid on its inner side. The hinge head has an internal threaded hole, and the damping adjustment bolt passes through the internal threaded hole of the hinge head and presses against the C-shaped bushing.

[0009] The damping adjustment principle of this scheme is as follows: by tightening the damping adjustment bolt, the bolt head directly presses against the C-shaped bushing, causing it to deform and increasing the friction between the bushing and the rotating shaft, thereby adjusting the damping. Essentially, it changes the friction by directly applying radial force to the bushing through the bolt.

[0010] Comparison Patent 2: CN201821889174.8 - Adjustable Damping Hinge:

[0011] This patent discloses a damping adjustable hinge, including a support body, a connecting mechanism, bolts, and washers. The support body consists of a fixed base and two fixed plates, with the fixed plates having slots, internally tapped threaded holes, and limiting holes; the connecting mechanism includes a movable base and a connecting plate, with rotating holes on the connecting plate; the washers include an upper washer and a lower washer, forming a butterfly-shaped interlocking structure.

[0012] The damping adjustment principle of this scheme is as follows: using a bolt as a hinge pivot, the locking force of the fixed plate clamping the connecting plate is changed by adjusting the depth of the bolt entering the threaded hole, thereby adjusting the magnitude of frictional damping. A butterfly washer is used to interlock and assist in fixing the bolt, preventing loosening.

[0013] Comparison Patent 3: CN202422308084.7 - A hinge component with adjustable damping:

[0014] This patent discloses an adjustable damping hinge component, including a base, a gear shaft, a fixed plate, a first swing arm, a sliding plate, a first elastic element, and an adjusting nut. By rotating the adjusting nut, the degree of compression on the first elastic element is changed, thereby adjusting the damping of the first swing arm relative to the base.

[0015] The damping adjustment principle of this scheme is as follows: the adjusting nut changes the pre-compression of the elastic element, and the elastic element applies pressure to the swing arm through the sliding plate and the concave-convex structure, and the restoring force of the elastic element generates frictional damping.

[0016] Comparison Patent 4: CN202321844845.X - A Damping Hinge with Adjustable Torque:

[0017] The patent discloses an adjustable torque damping hinge, including a housing, a rotating shaft and a slider. The housing is filled with damping fluid, and the slider has an oil passage connecting a first oil chamber and a second oil chamber. The housing is provided with an adjustment component for adjusting the clearance of the oil passage.

[0018] The damping adjustment principle of this scheme is as follows: by adjusting the components to change the cross-sectional area of ​​the oil passage, the resistance of the damping fluid when it passes through is adjusted, which is a hydraulic damping adjustment method.

[0019] Comparison Patent 5: CN202420533062.8 - A hinge with adjustable bidirectional damping torque:

[0020] This patent discloses a bidirectional damping torque-adjustable hinge, comprising a rotating shaft, a hollow fixed shaft, and a first flange, a first pressure washer, a one-way transmission mechanism, a second pressure washer, and a second flange arranged sequentially. The torque is adjusted by applying pressure to the corresponding flanges using adjusting nuts.

[0021] The damping adjustment principle of this scheme is as follows: axial clamping force is applied to the flange and pressure washer by the nut, and the damping torque is adjusted by the pressure change between the friction surfaces.

[0022] Comparison Patent 6: CN201920881465.0 - A hinge with limiting and adjustable damping functions:

[0023] This patent discloses a hinge with limiting and adjustable damping functions, in which a damping ring is clamped between the fixed hinge and the moving hinge to maintain the rotational position. The rotational position is limited by the limiting effect of the stop protrusion and the stop ring, and the frictional force of the damping ring keeps the rotational position stationary.

[0024] This solution achieves damping through the friction between the damping ring and the hinge component, but the magnitude of the damping force depends on the material and size of the damping ring and cannot be adjusted after installation.

[0025] Other related patents:

[0026] An adjustable damping hinge and a wind turbine hatch using the adjustable damping hinge (CN201821699664.1) adjust damping by fastening the damping sleeve with a fixing device; an adjustable damping toilet seat hinge (CN201621041553.2) adjusts damping by changing the flow of damping grease holes with an adjusting screw; an adjustable damping hinge, hatch structure and spacecraft (CN202011288700.7) adjusts damping by pressing the sleeve against the hinge support with a pre-tightening device.

[0027] Other related technologies:

[0028] Unlike the ELESA CFU-RA axially adjustable friction hinge, which uses a tapered friction element and an expansion element to adjust the frictional torque via an axial adjustment screw, this application does not achieve damping adjustment by driving the expansion element through a tapered mating surface. Instead, this application uses two elastic friction bodies respectively located on both sides of the rotating hole in the hinge arm. An axial compressive force is applied using bolts and a locking nut, causing the elastic friction bodies to expand radially based on the Poisson effect, directly pressing against the rotating hole wall to form rotational damping.

[0029] Furthermore, this application utilizes the base limiting part to cooperate with the polygonal shaft segment of the elastic friction body to restrict the rotation of the friction body, and also utilizes the base limiting part to restrict the rotation of the stop nut, thus enabling the anti-rotation of the damping component and the anti-rotation of the nut to be achieved in a compact structure. The elastic friction body provides adjustable radial friction damping while also forming a flexible buffer, which helps reduce the transmission of vibration to the threaded pair. Therefore, this application differs substantially from the hinge shown in the ELESA CFU-RA axially adjustable friction hinge in terms of damping formation mechanism, component structure, anti-rotation method, and technical effect. Summary of the Invention

[0030] The purpose of this invention is to solve the technical problems of existing adjustable damping hinges, which are bulky and difficult to miniaturize due to the independent damping adjustment mechanism and the threaded anti-loosening structure and the large number of parts, as well as the easy attenuation of damping under long-term vibration.

[0031] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention employs the following technical means:

[0032] This invention provides a single-line adjustable damping hinge based on the Poisson effect, comprising a base, a hinge arm, and a threaded adjustment assembly. The hinge arm is characterized by further comprising: two elastic friction bodies; the hinge arm has a rotating hole; the two elastic friction bodies are respectively disposed on both sides of the base, with one end connected to the base and the other end extending into the rotating hole of the hinge arm; each elastic friction body has a through hole along its axis, and the threaded adjustment assembly passes through the through hole.

[0033] The base is provided with a first limiting part and a second limiting part, and each of the elastic friction bodies is provided with a third limiting part that cooperates with the first limiting part, so as to restrict the elastic friction body from rotating circumferentially relative to the base.

[0034] The threaded adjustment assembly includes a bolt and a nut, the outer contour of which engages with the second limiting portion to restrict the nut from rotating circumferentially relative to the base;

[0035] The bolt is configured to screw into the nut and apply axial compressive force to the two elastic friction bodies, causing the two elastic friction bodies to expand radially based on the Poisson effect to press against the hole wall of the rotating hole of the hinge arm, thereby forming rotational damping.

[0036] In the above solution, the base includes two coaxially opposed hole seats, and the hinge arm is placed between the two hole seats; each hole seat is provided with a limiting hole for the threaded adjustment assembly to pass through; the first limiting part and the second limiting part are the limiting holes on the two hole seats respectively.

[0037] In the above scheme, each of the elastic friction bodies includes a first shaft segment and a second shaft segment coaxially connected. The first shaft segment constitutes the third limiting part and cooperates with the first limiting part, and the second shaft segment extends into the rotation hole of the hinge arm.

[0038] In the above scheme, both the first limiting part and the second limiting part are polygonal holes, the first shaft segment is a polygonal shaft segment adapted to the polygonal hole, and the nut is a stop nut with a polygonal outer contour.

[0039] In the above scheme, the two limiting holes are hexagonal through holes with the same structure. One of the hexagonal through holes mates with the first shaft segment of one of the elastic friction bodies, and the other hexagonal through hole mates with the polygonal outer contour of the nut.

[0040] In the above scheme, the maximum radial dimension of the first shaft segment is greater than the diameter of the second shaft segment.

[0041] In the above scheme, the head of the bolt abuts against the outside of one of the hole seats, and the bolt shank passes sequentially through the first limiting part of the hole seat, the through hole of the elastic friction body near the hole seat, and the rotating hole of the hinge arm, and is threadedly connected to the nut located outside the other hole seat.

[0042] The above solution also includes two gaskets, each of which has a central hole, and the second shaft segment of the corresponding elastic friction body passes through the central hole.

[0043] In the above scheme, the gasket abuts between the end face of the base and the hinge arm, and the axial thickness of the gasket is greater than or equal to the axial extension of the elastic friction body when it is not compressed.

[0044] In the above scheme, the elastic friction body is an elastic component integrally molded from polyurethane, rubber or silicone material.

[0045] Because the present invention employs the above-mentioned technical means, it has the following beneficial effects:

[0046] 1. This invention solves the technical problem of traditional hinges requiring separate structures to fix the damping component and prevent the nut from rotating, resulting in a complex base structure and numerous openings, by setting the base's hole seat as a polygonal through hole (such as a hexagonal through hole), combined with an elastic friction body with a polygonal shaft segment and a stop nut with a polygonal outer contour. This achieves a compact "one hole, two uses" effect. Specifically, the same polygonal through hole feature on the base engages with the polygonal shaft segment of the elastic friction body at one axial end, restricting the circumferential rotation of the friction body relative to the base, thus fixing the spindle. At the other axial end, the polygonal through hole engages with the polygonal outer contour of the stop nut, restricting the nut's circumferential rotation and preventing it from rotating when adjusting the bolt using a tool on one side. This design allows one hole feature to simultaneously solve the anti-rotation problem of two independent components, eliminating the need for additional anti-rotation slots, fixing pins, or complex nut locking mechanisms, significantly simplifying the base structure and providing a foundation for hinge miniaturization.

[0047] 2. This invention solves the technical problem of traditional damping hinges where the "fixed spindle" and "damping medium" are usually separate parts, resulting in a large number of parts and complicated assembly, by setting the elastic friction body as a stepped shaft structure containing a first shaft segment (such as a hexagonal shaft segment) and a second shaft segment (such as a cylindrical shaft segment) connected coaxially. This achieves a high degree of component integration and simplified assembly. Specifically, the first shaft segment is used to cooperate with the base for circumferential fixation, acting as the fixed spindle; the second shaft segment extends into the inner hole of the hinge arm, providing rotational damping after expansion under pressure. This stepped design allows a single elastic friction body to simultaneously assume the two core roles of "fixed shaft" and "damping medium," directly eliminating the component redundancy caused by the separation of the spindle and damping sleeve in traditional structures. Simultaneously, the distance between opposite sides of the first shaft segment is greater than the diameter of the second shaft segment, allowing the larger first shaft segment to serve as a guide and axial limiting reference during assembly, smoothly inserting it directly from the outside of the base and locking it into the polygonal hole, avoiding blind assembly and complex alignment, and significantly reducing installation difficulty.

[0048] 3. This invention combines a "friction body made of elastic material with a through hole" with a "bolt and locking nut assembly that passes through the through hole and applies axial compressive force," producing a synergistic effect of "in-situ fusion of damping adjustment and thread loosening prevention." This solves the technical problem in traditional bolt clamping structures where damping adjustment and thread loosening prevention must rely on two independent mechanisms (such as adding an extra spring washer), resulting in a bulky structure and easy damping attenuation under long-term vibration. Specifically, the logical analysis is as follows: if a rigid friction block is used with the bolt (as in existing technology), only fixed friction can be generated, which cannot absorb vibration; an extra spring washer must be added to prevent the nut from turning back. If an elastic washer is used alone, it can only prevent loosening but cannot generate radial damping. In this application, when the bolt is tightened and axial pressure is applied to the elastic friction body, based on the Poisson effect in material mechanics, the friction body will inevitably expand radially to press the hinge arm (achieving stepless damping adjustment). Simultaneously, the elastic deformation of the friction body under axial pressure naturally absorbs some external vibration energy and dampens the vibration amplitude, thereby reducing the microscopic pulsating displacement of the threaded pair (between the bolt and nut) and reducing the driving force for nut retraction. That is, feature A (radial damping generated by the elastic body under pressure) fulfills its function, and its accompanying physical characteristic (elastic vibration absorption) precisely solves the inherent defect of feature B (easy loosening when the bolt is axially locked), thus possessing the anti-loosening function of a spring washer. This combination is not a simple functional superposition (A for damping, B for locking), but rather utilizes the inherent physical properties of the material to solve the anti-loosening and retraction problem of the threaded connection in situ, producing a non-obvious effect of "1+1>2," ensuring the reliability of the adjustment function and the overall structure in principle, and achieving extreme miniaturization.

[0049] 4. In practical applications, two, three, or more adjustable damping hinges of this invention can be spaced apart along the same axis of rotation, depending on the size and weight of the connected components and the required rotational damping torque. Multiple adjustable damping hinges jointly bear the weight and rotational load of the connected components, and the damping torques they generate are superimposed, thereby improving the overall load-bearing capacity and position-holding ability. Each adjustable damping hinge can be independently adjusted via its own threaded adjustment assembly to adjust the corresponding damping torque according to the installation position and actual stress conditions, achieving a more balanced and stable opening, closing, and hovering effect. Attached Figure Description

[0050] Figure 1 This is an exploded view of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 2 This is an assembly diagram of the present invention.

[0052] In the diagram: 1-base, 2-elastic friction element, 3-bolt, 4-washer, 5-hinge arm, 6-nut. Detailed Implementation

[0053] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below. Although the present invention will be described and illustrated in conjunction with some specific embodiments, it should be noted that the present invention is not limited to these embodiments. On the contrary, any modifications or equivalent substitutions made to the present invention should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

[0054] Furthermore, to better illustrate the present invention, numerous specific details are set forth in the following detailed embodiments. Those skilled in the art will understand that the present invention can be practiced without these specific details.

[0055] Example 1

[0056] In this embodiment, a single-line adjustable damping hinge based on the Poisson effect is provided, mainly for applications requiring miniaturization and high-reliability damping adjustment. The hinge includes a base 1, a hinge arm 5, a threaded adjustment assembly (including a bolt 3 and a stop nut 6), two elastic friction bodies 2, and two washers 4.

[0057] The specific spatial assembly and connection relationships are as follows:

[0058] The base 1 includes two coaxially opposed mounting holes, with the hinge arm 5 positioned between them. Each mounting hole has a through-hole (preferably a hexagonal through-hole in this embodiment, i.e., a first limiting part and a second limiting part). Two elastic friction bodies 2 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the base 1. Each elastic friction body 2 includes a first shaft segment (hexagonal shaft segment) and a second shaft segment (cylindrical shaft segment) coaxially connected, with the opposite side dimension of the first shaft segment being larger than the diameter of the second shaft segment. During assembly, the first shaft segments of the two elastic friction bodies 2 are inserted into the corresponding hexagonal through-holes from the outside of the base 1 to achieve circumferential locking; the second shaft segments pass through the central hole of the washer 4 and extend into the rotation holes on both sides of the hinge arm 5. The bolt 3 passes sequentially through the hexagonal through-hole of one mounting hole, the central through-hole of the two elastic friction bodies 2, and the hexagonal through-hole of the other mounting hole.

[0059] Mechanical transmission path and damping adjustment principle:

[0060] The core of this embodiment lies in constructing a clear axial force closed loop. The head of bolt 3 and the locking nut 6 directly abut against the outer end faces of the two elastic friction bodies 2 away from the hinge arm 5. When bolt 3 is tightened with a tool, the head of bolt 3 and the locking nut 6 generate axial displacement in opposite directions, directly applying an inward axial thrust to the outer end faces of the two elastic friction bodies 2. At this time, the inner end faces of the elastic friction bodies 2 abut against the side of the hinge arm 5 through the washer 4, and the hinge arm 5 provides an axial limiting reference as a rigid support. Under the action of axial compressive force, the elastic friction bodies 2, made of high Poisson's ratio materials such as polyurethane or rubber, undergo axial compression and generate significant radial expansion based on the material's "Poisson effect". The expanded second shaft segment (cylindrical shaft segment) tightly presses against the hole wall of the rotating hole of the hinge arm 5, thereby generating smooth rotational friction damping. By controlling the screw-in depth of bolt 3, the magnitude of the axial compressive force can be steplessly adjusted, thereby achieving precise adjustment of the damping force.

[0061] Structural synergy and anti-loosening mechanism: This embodiment produces a significant synergistic effect through structural reuse:

[0062] Firstly, the "one hole, two uses" minimalist anti-rotation mechanism. The same hexagonal through-hole on the base 1 not only mates with the first shaft segment (hexagonal shaft segment) of the elastic friction body 2 during assembly, preventing the friction body from rotating circumferentially with the hinge arm 5, but also engages with the hexagonal outer contour of the stop nut 6. This ensures that when a wrench is used to tighten the bolt 3 on one side, the stop nut 6 is jammed by the hole wall and cannot rotate. This single hole feature simultaneously solves two independent technical problems: "damping component anti-rotation" and "nut anti-rotation," eliminating the need for additional anti-rotation pins or complex locking mechanisms, and significantly reducing the lateral volume of the hinge.

[0063] Secondly, there is the in-situ physical synergy between "damping generation and thread loosening prevention." Under long-term vibration conditions, the threaded pairs of traditional rigid hinges are prone to loosening due to microscopic pulsating displacement. In this embodiment, the elastic friction body 2 provides radial damping under pressure, while its own elastic deformation constitutes a natural "flexible buffer layer." When external vibration is transmitted to the base 1, the elastic friction body 2 can absorb high-frequency vibration energy, significantly attenuating the vibration amplitude transmitted to the threaded meshing surfaces of the bolt 3 and the locking nut 6, thus eliminating the driving force for microscopic slippage of the threaded pair from a physical source. This allows the elastic friction body 2 to act as a damping medium while simultaneously serving as a "spring washer" in situ to prevent loosening, achieving a synergistic technical effect of "1+1>2".

Claims

1. A single-line adjustable damping hinge based on the Poisson effect, comprising a base, a hinge arm, and a threaded adjustment assembly, characterized in that, Also includes: Two elastic friction bodies (2), the hinge arm (5) is provided with a rotating hole, the two elastic friction bodies (2) are respectively provided on both sides of the base, and one end of each is connected to the base, and the other end extends into the rotating hole of the hinge arm (5). Each elastic friction body (2) is provided with a through hole along its axis, and the threaded adjustment assembly passes through the through hole. The base (1) is provided with a first limiting part and a second limiting part, and each elastic friction body (2) is provided with a third limiting part that cooperates with the first limiting part, so as to restrict the elastic friction body (2) from rotating circumferentially relative to the base (1); The threaded adjustment assembly includes a bolt (3) and a nut (6), the outer contour of which engages with the second limiting part to restrict the nut (6) from rotating circumferentially relative to the base (1); The bolt (3) is configured to screw into the nut (6) and apply axial compressive force to the two elastic friction bodies (2), causing the two elastic friction bodies (2) to expand radially based on the Poisson effect to press against the hole wall of the rotating hole of the hinge arm (5) to form rotational damping.

2. The linear adjustable damping hinge based on the Poisson effect according to claim 1, characterized in that, The base (1) includes two coaxially opposed hole seats, and the hinge arm (5) is placed between the two hole seats; each hole seat is provided with a limiting hole for the threaded adjustment assembly to pass through; the first limiting part and the second limiting part are the limiting holes on the two hole seats respectively.

3. A linear adjustable damping hinge based on the Poisson effect according to claim 2, characterized in that, Each of the elastic friction bodies (2) includes a first shaft segment and a second shaft segment coaxially connected, the first shaft segment forming the third limiting part and cooperating with the first limiting part, and the second shaft segment extending into the rotating hole of the hinge arm (5).

4. A linear adjustable damping hinge based on the Poisson effect according to claim 3, characterized in that, Both the first limiting part and the second limiting part are polygonal holes, the first shaft segment is a polygonal shaft segment adapted to the polygonal hole, and the nut (6) is a stop nut with a polygonal outer contour.

5. A linear adjustable damping hinge based on the Poisson effect according to claim 4, characterized in that, Both limiting holes are hexagonal through holes with the same structure. One of the hexagonal through holes is engaged with the first shaft segment of one of the elastic friction bodies (2), and the other hexagonal through hole is engaged with the polygonal outer contour of the nut (6).

6. A linear adjustable damping hinge based on the Poisson effect according to claim 3, characterized in that, The maximum radial dimension of the first shaft segment is greater than the diameter of the second shaft segment.

7. A linear adjustable damping hinge based on the Poisson effect according to claim 2, characterized in that, The head of the bolt (3) abuts against the outside of one of the holes. The bolt (3) passes through the first limiting part of the hole, the through hole of the elastic friction body (2) near the hole, and the rotating hole of the hinge arm (5) in sequence, and is threadedly connected to the nut (6) located outside the other hole.

8. A linear adjustable damping hinge based on the Poisson effect according to claim 3, characterized in that, It also includes two gaskets (4), each of which has a central hole, and the second shaft segment of the corresponding elastic friction body (2) passes through the central hole.

9. A linear adjustable damping hinge based on the Poisson effect according to claim 8, characterized in that, The gasket (4) abuts between the end face of the base (1) and the hinge arm (5), and the axial thickness of the gasket (4) is greater than or equal to the axial extension of the elastic friction body (2) when it is not compressed.

10. A linear adjustable damping hinge based on the Poisson effect according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, The elastic friction body (2) is a wear-resistant elastic component integrally molded from polyurethane, rubber or silicone.

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