Triggered gas detection alarm door and window

Abstract

The application discloses a trigger type coal gas detection alarm door and window and belongs to the technical field of intelligent door and window, which comprises an outer frame, an inner window rotatably installed on the inner wall of the outer frame, a hydraulic cylinder installed on the top of the outer frame, an oil pipe one installed at the output end of the hydraulic cylinder, a hydraulic rod one connected to one end of the oil pipe one, a side mounting frame installed on the front end of one side of the outer frame, the top end of the hydraulic rod one being installed at the end of the side mounting frame, and a hydraulic rod two rotatably connected to the inner wall of the side mounting frame; an rotating seat is installed at the end of the hydraulic rod two, the rotating seat is installed on the front end of one side of the inner window, and one end of the hydraulic rod two is connected to an oil pipe two; the application integrates gas leakage monitoring, automatic window opening and ventilation, automatic valve closing and source cutting, sound and light alarm and remote reminding, and solves the problem that traditional gas security equipment monitoring and emergency are separated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of intelligent door and window technology, specifically to a trigger-type gas detection alarm door and window. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous increase in the popularity of gas use in modern residential and commercial buildings, gas leaks have led to frequent safety accidents such as poisoning, explosions, and fires, which have become a major hidden danger threatening the lives and property of people indoors. In the current building security system, gas leak monitoring and emergency response are mostly independent devices, lacking an integrated and automated linkage protection solution.

[0003] In existing technologies, gas alarms can only provide audible and visual warnings and cannot actively perform hazard mitigation operations. When a leak occurs, relying on manual ventilation by opening windows and shutting off gas valves can easily lead to missing the best opportunity for action when people are asleep, away from home, or have slow reaction times, resulting in the danger escalating.

[0004] Traditional doors and windows are primarily manually operated, and some electric doors and windows only have standard opening and closing functions and are not linked to gas monitoring systems, making it difficult to automatically open and provide forced ventilation in the event of a leak. Furthermore, most gas pipeline valves are manually operated and lack emergency automatic shut-off mechanisms, making it difficult to quickly cut off the source of the leak and further exacerbating safety risks.

[0005] In addition, existing security devices generally suffer from problems such as inconvenient switching between manual and automatic modes, delayed emergency response, and poor structural adaptability. They are unable to balance the convenience of daily use with the need for rapid response in the event of a sudden leak, and are unable to meet the requirements of modern buildings for intelligent, automated, and integrated gas safety protection. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art by proposing a trigger-type gas detection alarm door and window to solve the problem that existing security devices are unable to actively perform hazard elimination operations, leading to the expansion of danger.

[0007] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution: A trigger-type gas detection alarm door and window includes an outer frame, an inner window rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the outer frame, a hydraulic cylinder mounted on the top of the outer frame, an oil pipe connected to the output end of the hydraulic cylinder, a hydraulic rod connected to one end of the oil pipe, a side mounting frame mounted on one front side of the outer frame, the top end of the hydraulic rod being mounted on the end of the side mounting frame, and a second hydraulic rod rotatably connected to the inner wall of the side mounting frame; a rotating seat mounted on the end of the second hydraulic rod, the rotating seat being mounted on one front side of the inner window, and an oil pipe connected to one end of the second hydraulic rod; a gas leak detector is installed at the bottom front side of the outer frame; a door handle assembly is mounted on the bottom surface of the inner window for manually opening and closing the inner window; a mode switching assembly is mounted on one inner wall of the inner window for switching between manual and automatic closing modes in conjunction with the door handle assembly; and a valve assembly is mounted on one end of the oil pipe for closing the valve of the gas pipeline.

[0008] Optionally, the door handle assembly includes a handle, which is installed at the bottom front end of the inner window. An inner pull ring is installed on the inner wall of the front end of the handle, and elastic telescopic rods are installed on both sides of the front end of the inner pull ring.

[0009] Optionally, the other end of the elastic telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the handle, the handle has side grooves on both sides of the inner pull ring position, and a side pull plate is installed at the end of the inner pull ring.

[0010] Optionally, the side pull plate is located inside the side groove, and tapered plates are installed on both sides of the side pull plate.

[0011] Optionally, the mode switching component includes a rotating shaft, with one end of the rotating shaft mounted on the bottom of a hydraulic rod, a toothed plate mounted on the outer side of the rotating shaft, and a side seat mounted on the side of the toothed plate away from the hydraulic rod.

[0012] Optionally, the side seat is equipped with limit frames at both the upper and lower ends of the toothed plate, and a bidirectional telescopic rod is installed on the side of the side seat away from the toothed plate. The bidirectional telescopic rod is equipped with fixing rods at both the upper and lower ends, and a rack is installed at the other end of the fixing rod.

[0013] Optionally, a spring is installed at one end of the rack away from the toothed plate, the other end of the spring is fixedly connected to the limiting frame, and a limiting strip is installed at the front end of the toothed plate.

[0014] Optionally, the valve closing assembly includes a hydraulic rod three, the end of which is fixedly connected to an oil pipe two, and an inclined mounting plate is installed on the front side wall of the hydraulic rod three, with the inclined mounting plate having an installation angle of 45°.

[0015] Optionally, a nut is installed on the inclined mounting plate near the hydraulic rod three, the hydraulic rod three is threadedly connected to the inclined mounting plate through the nut, and a rubber sleeve is installed at the front end of the hydraulic rod three.

[0016] Optionally, a gas valve is installed on the side of the inclined mounting plate away from the hydraulic rod, and a valve switch is installed on the top of the gas valve, which is sleeved inside the rubber sleeve.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention compared to the prior art are as follows: 1. This invention integrates gas leak monitoring, automatic window ventilation, automatic valve shut-off, audible and visual alarms, and remote reminders into one system, solving the problem of separation between monitoring and emergency response in traditional gas safety equipment. It can complete the entire process of hazard mitigation without manual intervention, significantly reducing the risk of poisoning, explosion, and fire. The gas leak detector detects in real time, and triggers a response instantly when the concentration exceeds the standard. It drives the hydraulic system to open the window for ventilation without delay, and simultaneously and automatically shuts off the gas valve, cutting off the leak at the source and quickly discharging flammable gas. It is especially suitable for high-risk scenarios such as when people are asleep, away from home, or have slow reaction times, firmly grasping the golden time for response.

[0018] 2. This invention, through the cooperation of the door handle assembly and the mode switching assembly, allows for quick switching between automatic emergency mode and manual daily mode: In automatic mode, the hydraulic drive is locked to ensure stable emergency function without interference; in manual mode, doors and windows can be opened and closed freely to meet routine needs such as daily ventilation, cleaning, and maintenance, offering flexibility and convenience to suit various usage scenarios; after manually closing the window, releasing the inner pull ring causes the elastic telescopic rod to reset the inner pull ring, side pull plate, and tapered plate, and the rack re-engages with the toothed plate under the action of the spring. After engagement, the toothed plate is limited by the limiting strip, and at the same time, the hydraulic rod one and the rotating shaft are connected by damping to prevent the hydraulic rod two from shifting, avoiding engagement failure, ensuring reliable locking in automatic mode, not affecting the normal use of the window, and making it more convenient for residents.

[0019] 3. This invention utilizes a combination of hydraulic cylinder and hydraulic rod for smooth, powerful, and precise window opening and valve closing. The 45° angled structure and nut fixing design of the valve closing assembly ensure that the valve rotates to the correct position without slippage or deviation, resulting in strong long-term stability. The overall structure is highly compatible with conventional doors, windows, and gas pipelines, requiring no major modifications to buildings or pipelines. The detachable design of the valve closing assembly facilitates gas valve inspection and daily maintenance, reducing operating costs. Furthermore, the T-shaped inner wall of the rubber sleeve conforms to the shape of the valve switch, preventing damage to the gas valve during closing and allowing for easy disassembly and assembly without affecting the normal opening and closing of the valve. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a trigger-type gas detection alarm door and window; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of oil pipe one, hydraulic rod one, side mounting frame, hydraulic rod two, and rotating seat; Figure 3A schematic diagram of the handle, inner pull ring, elastic telescopic rod, side groove, side pull plate, and gas leak detector. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the inner window, hydraulic rod 1, side pull plate, rotating shaft, toothed plate, side seat, limiting frame and limiting strip; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of hydraulic rod 1, side pull plate, tapered plate, rotating shaft, gear plate, side seat, limit frame, bidirectional telescopic rod, fixed rod, rack and spring; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the side tension plate, tapered plate, toothed plate, bidirectional telescopic rod, fixing rod, and rack; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of oil pipe 2, hydraulic rod 3, inclined mounting plate, nut, rubber sleeve, gas valve and valve switch.

[0021] Figure label: 10. Outer frame; 11. Inner window; 12. Hydraulic cylinder; 13. Oil pipe one; 14. Hydraulic rod one; 15. Side mounting frame; 16. Hydraulic rod two; 17. Rotating seat; 18. Oil pipe two; 19. Gas leak detector; 2. Door handle assembly; 20. Handle; 21. Inner pull ring; 22. Elastic telescopic rod; 23. Side groove; 24. Side pull plate; 25. Conical plate; 3. Mode switching assembly; 30. Rotating shaft; 31. Toothed plate; 32. Side seat; 33. Limiting frame; 34. Bidirectional telescopic rod; 35. Fixed rod; 36. Rack; 37. Spring; 38. Limiting strip; 4. Valve closing assembly; 40. Hydraulic rod three; 41. Slanted mounting plate; 42. Nut; 43. Rubber sleeve; 44. Gas valve; 45. Valve switch. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To make the technical problem to be solved, the technical solution, and the beneficial effects of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings, but the scope of protection is not limited thereto.

[0023] Please see Figures 1 to 7An embodiment of the present invention provides a trigger-type gas detection alarm door and window, including an outer frame 10 and an inner window 11. The inner window 11 is rotatably installed on the inner wall of the outer frame 10, forming a basic window structure that can be flexibly opened and closed. A hydraulic cylinder 12 is installed on the top of the outer frame 10, serving as the power source for the entire hydraulic system, providing a stable and powerful output for opening and closing the window. An oil pipe 13 is installed at the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 12, and one end of the oil pipe 13 is connected to a hydraulic rod 14, forming the first hydraulic transmission circuit. A side mounting frame 15 is installed on one front side of the outer frame 10, and the top end of the hydraulic rod 14 is installed at the end of the side mounting frame 15. A hydraulic rod 16 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the side mounting frame 15, allowing the hydraulic rod 16 to swing freely with the opening and closing of the window.

[0024] A rotating seat 17 is installed at the telescopic end of hydraulic rod 16. The rotating seat 17 is installed on the front side of the inner window 11 to ensure that the hydraulic thrust can be directly and without loss to the window body, achieving smooth drive. One end of the cylinder of hydraulic rod 16 is connected to oil pipe 18, forming a second hydraulic transmission circuit for synchronously driving the valve closing action. A gas leak detector 19 is installed at the bottom front end of the outer frame 10. The gas leak detector 19 uses a high-sensitivity gas sensor, which can continuously collect indoor gas concentration 24 / 7. The audible and visual alarm module and signal output module will immediately issue a high-decibel alarm and simultaneously output a control signal to trigger the entire emergency procedure once the concentration exceeds the standard. A door handle assembly 2 is installed on the bottom surface of the inner window 11. The door handle assembly 2 is used to manually open and close the inner window 11. A mode switching assembly 3 is installed on one side of the inner wall of the inner window 11. The mode switching assembly 3 is used to switch between manual and automatic closing of the inner window 11 in conjunction with the door handle assembly 2. A valve assembly 4 is installed at one end of the oil pipe 2 18. The valve assembly 4 is used to close the valve of the gas pipeline.

[0025] like Figures 3 to 6 As shown, the door handle assembly 2 includes a handle 20, which is installed at the bottom front end of the inner window 11 for easy gripping and operation by the user. An inner pull ring 21 is installed on the inner wall of the front end of the handle 20, and elastic telescopic rods 22 are installed on both sides of the front end of the inner pull ring 21. The end of the elastic telescopic rod 22 away from the inner pull ring 21 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the handle 20 to realize the pressing and resetting function of the inner pull ring 21.

[0026] The handle 20 has a left-right through side groove 23 at the position corresponding to the inner pull ring 21. A side pull plate 24 is installed at the end of the inner pull ring 21. The side pull plate 24 is located inside the side groove 23 and can slide horizontally within the side groove 23. Conical plates 25 are installed on both sides of the side pull plate 24. The inclined surface of the conical plate 25 faces the mode switching component 3 and is used to release the limit of the mode switching component 3 when the inner pull ring 21 is pulled.

[0027] like Figures 4 to 6As shown, the mode switching component 3 includes a rotating shaft 30. One end of the rotating shaft 30 is mounted on the bottom of the hydraulic rod 14, moving synchronously with the hydraulic rod 14. A toothed plate 31 is mounted on the outer side of the rotating shaft 30. A side seat 32 is mounted on the side of the toothed plate 31 away from the hydraulic rod 14, providing mounting support for the overall mechanism. Limit frames 33 are mounted on the upper and lower ends of the side seat 32 at the toothed plate 31 to constrain the movement trajectory of the rack 36. A bidirectional telescopic rod 34 is mounted on the side of the side seat 32 away from the toothed plate 31. Fixed supports are mounted on the upper and lower ends of the bidirectional telescopic rod 34. A rack 36 is installed at the end of the fixed rod 35 away from the bidirectional telescopic rod 34. The rack 36 meshes with the toothed plate 31 to achieve mechanical locking in automatic mode. A spring 37 is installed at the end of the rack 36 away from the toothed plate 31. The end of the spring 37 away from the rack 36 is fixedly connected to the limit frame 33. When there is no external force, the spring 37 continuously pushes the rack 36 to maintain meshing with the toothed plate 31. A limit strip 38 is installed at the front end of the toothed plate 31 to limit the rotation angle of the toothed plate 31, avoid meshing misalignment, and improve the reliability of mode locking.

[0028] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the valve closing assembly 4 includes a hydraulic rod 40, the end of which is fixedly connected to the oil pipe 18 and directly driven by the hydraulic system. A slanted mounting plate 41 is installed on the front side wall of the hydraulic rod 40 at a 45° angle, so that the valve closing action is more in line with the rotation trajectory of the valve switch 45, avoiding jamming and slippage. A nut 42 is installed on the side of the slanted mounting plate 41 near the hydraulic rod 40, and the hydraulic rod 40 and the slanted mounting plate 41 are connected by threads through the nut 42. A rubber sleeve 43 is installed on the front end of the hydraulic rod 40, and a gas valve 44 is installed on the side of the slanted mounting plate 41 away from the hydraulic rod 40. A valve switch 45 is installed on the top of the gas valve 44, and the valve switch 45 is sleeved inside the rubber sleeve 43, so that when the hydraulic rod 40 extends, it can directly drive the valve switch 45 to rotate, achieving rapid valve closing. At the same time, the inner wall of the rubber sleeve 43 has a T-shaped groove to fit the shape of the valve switch 45, so that the valve switch 45 will not be damaged when closing the valve.

[0029] The working principle of the technical solution provided by this invention is as follows: When the device is in normal standby mode, the gas leak detector 19 will continuously and in real time monitor the gas concentration in the indoor environment, maintain a sensitive early warning state throughout the process, the hydraulic cylinder 12 and the entire hydraulic drive mechanism are in standby sleep mode with no action output, the inner window 11 is kept in a safe closed state, the gas pipeline valve is opened normally to supply gas, and the mode switching component 3 is locked in automatic emergency mode to ensure that it can respond immediately in case of sudden leakage.

[0030] When the gas leak detector 19 detects that the gas concentration in the environment exceeds the safety threshold, the device will immediately trigger an audible and visual alarm and remotely send a text message to the user's mobile phone. If there is no response for a long time, it will directly alarm to ensure that the leak is dealt with in a timely manner.

[0031] After autonomously completing the prompts and requests for help, the emergency response is automatically activated, which sends a start signal to the control system. Then, the hydraulic cylinder 12 is driven to work. The high-pressure hydraulic oil output by the hydraulic cylinder 12 is transported to the hydraulic rod 14 through the oil pipe 13. The hydraulic rod 14 is pushed out and drives the toothed plate 31 to move synchronously. The toothed plate 31 and the rack 36 mesh with each other to drive the side seat 32 to generate thrust, which in turn drives the inner window 11 to open smoothly outward around the pivot, quickly realizing indoor and outdoor air convection, efficiently discharging leaked gas, and greatly reducing the safety risks of gas poisoning and deflagration.

[0032] Furthermore, during the hydraulic opening of the inner window 11, the lower half opens while the upper half flips forward. At this time, the rotating seat 17 on the side of the inner window 11 simultaneously pulls the hydraulic rod 16 to move. The hydraulic oil inside the hydraulic rod 16 is transmitted to the valve closing assembly 4 via the oil pipe 18, pushing the hydraulic rod 40 to extend forward. The rubber sleeve 43 at the front end of the hydraulic rod 40 tightly wraps the valve switch 45 of the gas valve 44. Under the continuous thrust generated by the hydraulic rod 40 at a 45° angle, the valve switch 45 is rotated, realizing the automatic closing of the gas pipeline valve switch 45. This cuts off the gas supply from the source of the leak, preventing the leak from continuing to expand. The fixing structure between the inclined mounting plate 41 and the nut 42 ensures that the valve closing action is accurate, stable, and does not deviate, ensuring that the valve is closed in place. After the potential leak is eliminated, the system can be reversed by the hydraulic cylinder 12 to pull the inner window 11 to automatically reset, while simultaneously driving the valve switch 45 to open. The gas leak detector 19 returns to the normal standby monitoring state, waiting for the next trigger response.

[0033] In addition, the mode switching component 3 and the door handle component 2 work together to achieve a smooth switching between automatic emergency mode and manual daily mode. In automatic mode, the rack 36 and the toothed plate 31 in the mode switching component 3 remain engaged and locked, and the hydraulic drive mechanism is not disturbed by manual operation, ensuring that the automatic window opening and automatic valve closing functions are stable and reliable in the event of a gas leak.

[0034] In manual mode, by manually pulling the inner pull ring 21 of the door handle 20 inward, the inner pull ring 21 drives the side pull plate 24 to move within the side groove 23. The conical plates 25 on both sides of the side pull plate 24 simultaneously press the racks 36 at the upper and lower ends, causing the racks 36 to disengage from the toothed plate 31. At this time, the inner window 11 can be opened and closed manually via the door handle 20 to meet daily ventilation, cleaning and other routine needs. The elastic telescopic rod 22 on the inner pull ring 21 is used for resetting. After the window is manually closed, the inner pull ring 21 is released, and the elastic telescopic rod 22 drives the inner pull ring 21, the side pull plate 24 and the conical plate 25 to reset. The racks 36 re-engage with the toothed plate 31 under the action of the spring 37. After engagement, the toothed plate 31 is stopped and limited by the limiting strip 38. At the same time, the hydraulic rod 14 and the rotating shaft 30 are connected by damping to prevent the hydraulic rod 26 from shifting, avoid engagement failure, and ensure reliable locking in automatic mode.

[0035] When the gas valve 44 needs to be inspected, the valve switch 45 needs to be closed for a long time. The operator will then remove the rubber sleeve 43 from the valve switch 45, remove the nut 42, remove the hydraulic rod 40 and the rubber sleeve 43, and then manually close the valve switch 45.

[0036] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A trigger-type gas detection alarm door and window, comprising an outer frame (10), wherein an inner window (11) is rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the outer frame (10), characterized in that, A hydraulic cylinder (12) is installed on the top of the outer frame (10). An oil pipe (13) is installed at the output end of the hydraulic cylinder (12). A hydraulic rod (14) is connected to one end of the oil pipe (13). A side mounting frame (15) is installed at the front end of one side of the outer frame (10). The top end of the hydraulic rod (14) is installed at the end of the side mounting frame (15). A hydraulic rod (16) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the side mounting frame (15). The end of the hydraulic rod (16) is equipped with a rotating seat (17), the rotating seat (17) is installed on the front side of the inner window (11), one end of the hydraulic rod (16) is connected to the oil pipe (18), and a gas leak detector (19) is installed at the bottom front of the outer frame (10). A door handle assembly (2) is installed on the bottom surface of the inner window (11), the door handle assembly (2) being used to manually open and close the inner window (11). A mode switching component (3) is installed on one side of the inner wall of the inner window (11). The mode switching component (3) is used to cooperate with the door handle component (2) to switch between manual and automatic closing of the inner window (11). One end of the second oil pipe (18) is equipped with a valve assembly (4), which is used to close the valve of the gas pipeline.

2. The trigger-type gas detection alarm door and window according to claim 1, characterized in that, The door handle assembly (2) includes a handle (20), which is installed at the bottom front end of the inner window (11). An inner pull ring (21) is installed on the inner wall of the front end of the handle (20), and elastic telescopic rods (22) are installed on both sides of the front end of the inner pull ring (21).

3. The trigger-type gas detection alarm door and window according to claim 2, characterized in that, The end of the elastic telescopic rod (22) away from the inner pull ring (21) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the handle (20). The handle (20) has side grooves (23) on both sides of the inner pull ring (21). The end of the inner pull ring (21) is equipped with a side pull plate (24).

4. The trigger-type gas detection alarm door and window according to claim 3, characterized in that, The side pull plate (24) is located inside the side groove (23), and tapered plates (25) are installed on both sides of the side pull plate (24).

5. The trigger-type gas detection alarm door and window according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mode switching component (3) includes a rotating shaft (30), one end of which is installed on the bottom of the hydraulic rod (14), and a toothed plate (31) is installed on the outside of the rotating shaft (30). A side seat (32) is installed on the side of the toothed plate (31) away from the hydraulic rod (14).

6. The trigger-type gas detection alarm door and window according to claim 5, characterized in that, The side seat (32) is equipped with limit frames (33) at both ends of the toothed plate (31). A bidirectional telescopic rod (34) is installed on the side of the side seat (32) away from the toothed plate (31). A fixing rod (35) is installed at both ends of the bidirectional telescopic rod (34). A rack (36) is installed at the end of the fixing rod (35) away from the bidirectional telescopic rod (34).

7. The trigger-type gas detection alarm door and window according to claim 6, characterized in that, A spring (37) is installed at the end of the rack (36) away from the toothed plate (31), and the end of the spring (37) away from the rack (36) is fixedly connected to the limiting frame (33). A limiting strip (38) is installed at the front end of the toothed plate (31).

8. The trigger-type gas detection alarm door and window according to claim 1, characterized in that, The valve closing assembly (4) includes a hydraulic rod three (40), the end of which is fixedly connected to an oil pipe two (18), and an inclined mounting plate (41) is installed on the front side wall of the hydraulic rod three (40), with the inclined mounting plate (41) having an installation angle of 45°.

9. The trigger-type gas detection alarm door and window according to claim 8, characterized in that, The inclined mounting plate (41) is fitted with a nut (42) on the side near the hydraulic rod three (40). The hydraulic rod three (40) and the inclined mounting plate (41) are threaded together by the nut (42). A rubber sleeve (43) is fitted at the front end of the hydraulic rod three (40).

10. The trigger-type gas detection alarm door and window according to claim 9, characterized in that: A gas valve (44) is installed on the side of the inclined mounting plate (41) away from the hydraulic rod (40). A valve switch (45) is installed on the top of the gas valve (44), and the valve switch (45) is sleeved inside the rubber sleeve (43).

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