An integrated derrick type coiled tubing unit and method of operation thereof

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of integrated derrick type coiled tubing truck and its operation method, belong to petroleum machinery coiled tubing operation equipment technical field.The technical scheme is: including integrated on one operation vehicle power system, control system, tubing drum, derrick assembly, injection head assembly, blowout preventer box, blowout preventer pipe assembly, hydraulic outrigger and maintenance pedal;The derrick assembly is realized four-dimensional linkage adjustment by multiple groups of hydraulic cylinder:lifting cylinder realizes the vertical lifting of lifting platform, push-pull cylinder realizes the front and back displacement of lifting platform, translation cylinder realizes the left and right lateral slip of turnover platform, turnover cylinder realizes the posture of injection head assembly overturn, wellhead centering is quickly completed.The present application is single vehicle full integration, derrick rigidity is high, kinematic pair is less, lifting dimension is convenient, can four-dimensional accurate centering, solve the technical problems, such as the dependence of existing technology crane, low structural rigidity, articulated gap, lifting jam, maintenance difficulty, wellhead centering cumbersome.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to an integrated derrick-type coiled tubing work vehicle and its operation method, belonging to the technical field of coiled tubing work equipment for petroleum machinery. Technical Background

[0002] Coiled tubing installation equipment is widely used in oil and gas well operations such as sand flushing, acidizing, fishing, and logging. Existing coiled tubing installation equipment is mainly divided into two categories: split-type trailer-mounted and simple articulated vehicle-mounted. Both have structural defects that severely restrict on-site operational efficiency and equipment stability. Existing split-type trailer-mounted coiled tubing equipment separates the tubing roller and injection head into two independent trailers, requiring two transport vehicles for relocation. Before well site operations, pipe insertion and pipeline connection are necessary, resulting in numerous preparatory steps, time-consuming assembly, and a lack of integrated vehicle support structure, leading to poor derrick stability during operation.

[0003] Chinese patent application CN114704216B discloses a "coiled tubing operation system," which includes a tubing reversing device and an operation vehicle. The tubing reversing device includes a base, a support, a power unit, a roller, a tubing arrangement unit, and a high-pressure manifold. The support is mounted on the base, and the power unit and roller are mounted on the support. The roller is used to wind the coiled tubing. The tubing arrangement unit is mounted on the base. The high-pressure manifold is mounted on the base. The operation vehicle includes a chassis, a derrick, a gooseneck, and an injection head. The chassis is used to install the tubing reversing device. One end of the derrick is mounted on the chassis, and the other end of the derrick is equipped with a gooseneck and an injection head. The coiled tubing wound on the roller enters the mine shaft through the tubing arrangement unit, the gooseneck, and the injection head. The problem with this technology is that the simple articulated vehicle-mounted coiled tubing equipment uses a single vehicle-mounted derrick structure, but the derrick is a multi-layered articulated folded thin-walled structure. The derrick and the vehicle frame are connected by bolts, resulting in numerous articulation points throughout the machine. Long-term reciprocating operation can easily lead to increased pin clearance and structural loosening and swaying. Numerous articulated pin connections result in extremely low overall structural rigidity, leading to large wellhead positioning offsets and poor operational accuracy over long periods. Furthermore, traditional lifting structures use only a single integrated slider for support, resulting in weak load-bearing capacity, concentrated stress, and internal guide rail lubrication channels. The slider cannot be disassembled individually, necessitating disassembly of the derrick frame for maintenance, making repairs cumbersome. The equipment lacks multi-dimensional adjustment capabilities, including forward / backward pushing / pulling and left / right translation, requiring repeated repositioning of the entire vehicle for wellhead alignment, resulting in extremely low docking efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides an integrated derrick-type coiled tubing work vehicle and its operation method. The vehicle is fully integrated, with high derrick rigidity and strength, fewer moving parts, convenient lifting and maintenance, and four-dimensional precise alignment. It solves the technical problems of existing technologies such as reliance on cranes, low structural rigidity, large articulation gaps, lifting jamming, difficult maintenance, and cumbersome wellhead alignment.

[0005] The technical solution of this invention is: An integrated derrick-type coiled tubing work platform includes a power system, control system, tubing rollers, derrick assembly, injection head assembly, blowout preventer (BOP) box, BOP assembly, hydraulic outriggers, and maintenance pedals all integrated into a single work platform. The derrick assembly comprises a fixed derrick, a lifting mechanism, and a lifting platform. The fixed derrick includes a derrick frame, lifting platform supports, limit support seats, and lifting mechanism rails. The derrick frame is rectangular, with two derrick frames symmetrically fixed to the chassis frame. Each derrick frame has lifting cylinders on its front and rear sides, with the cylinder rods fixed to the chassis frame. Limit support seats and lifting platform supports are respectively provided on the upper and lower parts of the two vertical supports of the derrick frame, and lifting mechanism rails are provided on the outer sides of both vertical supports. The lifting mechanism includes a lifting mechanism frame, a lifting mechanism roller assembly, side sliders A and B, a lifting cylinder connecting plate, side slider C, a lifting platform slider, and a lifting mechanism rail. The platform roller assembly includes a lifting mechanism frame located between a limiting support seat and a lifting platform support. Symmetrically arranged side sliders B and C are provided at both the front and rear ends of the lifting mechanism frame. Side sliders B and C are slidably mounted on the inner and outer sides of the vertical support of the derrick frame, allowing the lifting mechanism frame to slide on the derrick frame. Multiple sets of lifting mechanism roller assemblies are symmetrically installed at both the front and rear ends of the lifting mechanism frame. These roller assemblies roll in contact with the lifting mechanism slide rails on the vertical support of the derrick frame. Two side sliders A are respectively located on the upper and lower sides of side slider C and are adjacent to the sides of the vertical support of the derrick frame. Side sliders A, B, and C restrict the lateral and longitudinal positions of the lifting mechanism on the derrick frame. The cylinders of two lifting cylinders located on the same side are connected to lifting cylinder connecting plates arranged front and rear on the corresponding lifting mechanism frame. The lifting platform achieves lifting and lowering through the extension and retraction of the lifting cylinders.

[0006] Furthermore, the power system consists of a chassis, a power take-off (PTO), a drive shaft, and a transfer case. The chassis is equipped with a transfer case, which is connected to the PTO via the drive shaft. The PTO provides stable power to all hydraulic actuators of the vehicle. The hydraulic pipelines of the control system are pre-embedded in the frame cavity of the work vehicle, providing independent and controllable hydraulic power to each work mechanism.

[0007] Furthermore, the lifting mechanism frame is provided with lifting platform sliders and lifting platform roller assemblies on the upper and lower sides of both the front and rear ends. The lifting platform sliders and lifting platform roller assemblies are located at the upper and lower end edges of the lifting platform. The lifting mechanism frame is provided with a push-pull cylinder connecting seat. The cylinder rod of the push-pull cylinder is connected to the push-pull cylinder connecting seat. The cylinder barrel of the push-pull cylinder is connected to the frame of the lifting platform. The lifting platform moves back and forth by extending and retracting the push-pull cylinder.

[0008] Furthermore, the outer side of the lifting mechanism slide rail is provided with an external lubrication point.

[0009] Furthermore, the vertical support of the derrick frame is provided with multiple limit pin holes arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The lifting mechanism frame is provided with an elongated hole, and an adjusting slider is provided at the elongated hole. The adjusting slider is set on the lifting mechanism frame by adjusting bolts. The adjusting slider is provided with bolt holes, which match the elongated hole and the limit pin holes. The limit pin passes through the bolt hole, the elongated hole and the limit pin hole to position the lifting mechanism. The adjusting slider is pushed up and down by adjusting bolts to ensure that the limit pin can be smoothly inserted and removed. The adjusting bolt is fixed in place by locking nuts and washers to prevent loosening.

[0010] Furthermore, the rear of the lifting platform is provided with a rotating shaft and its bearing seat. The tilting platform is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft. The lifting platform is provided with a tilting cylinder. The cylinder rod of the tilting cylinder is connected to the tilting platform. The extension and retraction of the tilting cylinder pulls the tilting platform to rotate back and forth along the rotating shaft. The tilting platform has a rectangular frame structure. The lifting platform is provided with a translation cylinder. The cylinder rod of the translation cylinder is connected to the tilting platform. The extension and retraction of the translation cylinder drives the tilting platform to slide left and right along the rotating shaft in the vehicle width direction. The tilting platform is provided with an injection head base. The injection head of the injection head assembly is fixed to the injection head base by a pin. The movement of the lifting platform and the tilting platform drives the injection head assembly to move up and down, back and forth, and left and right along the fixed derrick.

[0011] An operation method for an integrated derrick-type coiled tubing work vehicle is as follows: During operation, the work vehicle is parked at a preset position at the wellhead, and hydraulic outriggers are extended to stabilize the entire vehicle; the derrick assembly achieves four-dimensional linkage adjustment through multiple sets of hydraulic cylinders: the lifting cylinder realizes the vertical lifting of the lifting platform, the push-pull cylinder realizes the forward and backward displacement of the lifting platform, the translation cylinder realizes the left and right lateral sliding of the tilting platform, and the tilting cylinder realizes the tilting posture of the injection head assembly, quickly completing the wellhead centering.

[0012] The lifting platform is equipped with an injection head assembly. During transport and relocation, the tilting cylinder is controlled by a remote control to level the injection head assembly, and the lifting cylinder is driven to lower the lifting platform to a lower position, reducing the overall vehicle transport profile to meet highway width and height restrictions. An auxiliary winch is located behind the injection head assembly for hoisting auxiliary equipment.

[0013] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. The integrated, fully welded rigid double gantry structure provides high overall strength and excellent stability. This invention abandons the traditional multi-layered hinged and bolted splicing structure. The double gantry (two derrick frames) and the chassis are integrally welded together, with only two moving parts remaining in the entire machine. This eliminates the problems of hinge gaps, looseness, swaying, and wellhead misalignment at the source. Four sets of lifting cylinders are directly connected to the chassis beam (chassis), and the load is directly transmitted to the chassis, greatly improving the torsional and bending resistance. It can be adapted to heavy loads and deep well coiled tubing operations, completely breaking through the limitation of traditional equipment that is only suitable for shallow, small tubing operations.

[0014] 2. Modular lifting mechanism roller assembly and lifting platform roller assembly: convenient maintenance, smooth lifting, and durable. This invention uses multiple sets of independent modular roller assemblies for multi-point distributed load bearing, replacing the traditional single-piece integral slider structure with single-point force bearing. The load is evenly distributed, and there is no jamming or uneven wear throughout the lifting process. Each set of rollers is installed independently and can be disassembled and replaced individually without disassembling the main body of the derrick. The lifting mechanism slide rail has an external oil injection nozzle, which can be used for lubrication and maintenance on the ground, greatly reducing the workload of maintenance and significantly extending the service life of the equipment.

[0015] 3. The fully integrated single-vehicle system allows for independent operation without the need for crane assistance, resulting in low construction costs. This invention integrates power, control, drum, derrick, and injection head into a single chassis, eliminating the need for crane lifting and docking at the well site. This significantly reduces pre-construction preparation time, saves on crane rental and manual assembly costs, and substantially improves construction efficiency.

[0016] 4. Four-dimensional remote control and linkage alignment significantly improves docking efficiency. The equipment integrates a four-dimensional hydraulic adjustment mechanism for lifting, forward and backward pushing and pulling, left and right translation, and posture flipping. Combined with wireless remote control, a single person can complete the precise alignment of the wellhead without the need for repeated vehicle relocation and debugging, greatly improving the wellhead docking accuracy and operation efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a front view of the transportation status according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a top view of the transportation status according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is an isometric view of the transportation status according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a front view of the working state of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is an isometric view of the working state of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a front view of the power system according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a top view of the power system according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is an isometric view of the derrick assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a front view of the derrick assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 10 This is an isometric view of a fixed derrick according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 11 This is an isometric view of the lifting mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a front view of the lifting mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 13This is an isometric view of the lifting platform according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 14 This is an isometric view of the flipping platform according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 15 This is an isometric view of the adjustable support of the lifting platform according to an embodiment of the present invention; In the diagram: 1. Power system; 2. Control system; 3. Tubing drum; 4. Derrick assembly; 5. Injection head assembly; 6. Blowout preventer box; 7. Blowout preventer pipe assembly; 8. Hydraulic outrigger; 9. Maintenance pedal; 101. Chassis; 101. Power take-off; 10101. Drive shaft; 102. Drive shaft cover; 103. Transfer case; 104. Control room; 201. Fixed derrick; 401. Lifting mechanism; 402. Lifting platform; 403. Tilting platform; 404. Push-pull cylinder; 405. Lifting cylinder; 406. Tilting cylinder; 407. Translation cylinder; 408. Limit pin; 409. Adjustable support for lifting platform; 410. Derrick frame; 40101. Lifting platform support; 40102. Limit support seat; 40103. Lifting mechanism slide rail; 40104. Lifting mechanism frame; 40201. Lifting mechanism roller assembly; 40202. Side slider A; 40203. Side slider B40204, lifting cylinder connecting plate 40205, side slider C40206, lifting platform slider 40207, push-pull cylinder connecting seat 40208, adjusting bolt 40209, adjusting slider 40210, locking nut 40211, gasket 40212, lifting platform roller assembly 40213; lifting platform frame 40301, tilting cylinder ear plate seat 40302, tilting platform ear plate 40303, tilting platform limit seat 40304, hydraulic control panel 40305, anti-slip pedal 40306, control pipeline support 40307, ​​power pipeline rotary joint 40308; tilting platform body 40401, injection head base 40402, wear-resistant plate 40403; base 41001, support seat 41002, adjusting bolt 41003. Detailed Implementation Plan

[0018] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of this invention, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0019] See attached document Figure 1-15An integrated derrick-type coiled tubing work vehicle includes a power system 1, a control system 2, tubing drum 3, a derrick assembly 4, an injection head assembly 5, a blowout preventer box 6, a blowout preventer pipe assembly 7, hydraulic outriggers 8, and a maintenance pedal 9, all integrated on a single work vehicle. The power system 1 consists of a chassis 101, a power take-off (PTO) 10101, a drive shaft 102, a drive shaft cover 103, and a transfer case 104, providing stable power to all hydraulic actuators of the vehicle via the PTO 10101. The hydraulic lines of the control system 2 are pre-embedded within the work vehicle. The vehicle's frame cavity significantly reduces the number of exposed joints, lowering the probability of leakage failures, and provides independent and controllable hydraulic power to each working mechanism; the fixed derrick 401 of the derrick assembly 4 is rigidly connected to the chassis frame using a continuous full-welding process, without segmented splicing or multi-layered hinge structures, resulting in extremely strong overall structural integrity; the entire machine retains only two moving points: the roller sliding pair and the injection head flip hinge, which, compared to existing folding derricks with dozens of hinge pins, completely solves the defects of increased clearance, swaying and displacement, and insufficient rigidity during long-term operation; The derrick 401's frame 40101 is a portal frame. Four sets of lifting cylinders 406 are arranged at the four corners of the fixed derrick 401. The cylinder load is directly transferred to the chassis beam, eliminating local stress concentration, resulting in strong load-bearing capacity and high structural stability, meeting the heavy-duty operation requirements of large-tonnage coiled tubing. The derrick assembly 4's lifting mechanism 402 uses multiple sets of independent heavy-duty lifting mechanism roller assemblies 40202 and lifting platform roller assemblies 40213 arranged symmetrically on both sides, forming a multi-point distributed load-bearing structure that evenly distributes the injection head's self-weight. The tubing load and downhole operation load are addressed, solving the problems of lifting jamming and severe uneven wear caused by traditional single-point concentrated force. Each roller assembly of the derrick assembly 4 is equipped with an independent mounting base, which can be disassembled and replaced individually without disassembling the entire derrick frame, making maintenance simple and efficient. At the same time, the lifting mechanism slide rail 40104 of the derrick assembly 4 has a reserved external lubrication point on the outside, allowing operators to perform roller lubrication and maintenance directly on the ground without climbing or disassembling the machine, greatly improving the convenience of daily operation and maintenance and effectively extending the service life of moving parts.

[0020] The derrick assembly 4 includes a fixed derrick 401, a lifting mechanism 402, a lifting platform 403, a tilting platform 404, a push-pull cylinder 405, a lifting cylinder 406, a tilting cylinder 407, and a translation cylinder 408. The fixed derrick 401 is welded to the chassis vehicle, forming a portal frame structure. The four lifting cylinders 406 are located at the four corners of the portal frame structure, and the cylinder rods of the four lifting cylinders are all fixed to the chassis vehicle 101. The cylinder barrels of two of the lifting cylinders 406 are respectively connected to the lifting cylinder connecting plates 40205 of the lifting mechanism 402. The lifting platform 403 is lifted and lowered by the extension and retraction of the lifting cylinders 406.

[0021] The lifting platform 403 is equipped with push-pull cylinders 405 on both sides. The cylinder rods of the two push-pull cylinders 405 are fixed on the lifting mechanism 402. The cylinder barrels of the two push-pull cylinders 405 are respectively connected to the frame of the lifting platform 403. The lifting platform 403 moves back and forth by extending and retracting the push-pull cylinders 405.

[0022] The rear of the lifting platform 403 is provided with a rotating shaft and its bearing seat. The tilting platform 404 is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft. The lifting platform 403 is provided with a tilting cylinder 407. The cylinder rod of the tilting cylinder 407 is connected to the tilting platform 404. The extension and retraction of the tilting cylinder 407 pulls the tilting platform 404 to rotate back and forth along the rotating shaft. The tilting platform 404 is a rectangular frame structure. The lifting platform 403 is provided with a translation cylinder 408. The cylinder rod of the translation cylinder 408 is connected to the tilting platform 404. The extension and retraction of the translation cylinder 408 drives the tilting platform 404 to slide left and right along the rotating shaft in the vehicle width direction. The tilting platform 404 is provided with an injection head base 40402. The injection head of the injection head assembly 5 is fixed to the injection head base 40402 by a pin. The movement of the lifting platform 403 and the tilting platform 404 drives the injection head assembly 5 to move up and down, back and forth, and left and right along the fixed derrick 401.

[0023] A method for operating an integrated derrick-type coiled tubing workover rig involves the following steps: The workover rig is parked at a pre-set position at the wellhead, and hydraulic outriggers 8 are extended to stabilize the entire vehicle. Through the coordinated adjustment of multiple sets of hydraulic cylinders, the injection head assembly 5 is precisely aligned with the blowout preventer box 6 and the blowout preventer pipe assembly 7. The tubing drum 3 is unlocked, and the coiled tubing is lowered into the wellbore at a uniform speed via the injection head to perform operations such as sand flushing, acidizing, fishing, and logging. During the operation, the system monitors and stores operational parameters in real time, providing both end-to-end control and visibility. After the operation is completed, the tubing is retrieved in reverse and neatly stored in the tubing drum. The derrick and injection head are then retracted, and the outriggers are withdrawn, completing the entire operation process. The equipment can then be directly transferred to the next well for operation.

[0024] The derrick assembly 4 achieves four-dimensional linkage adjustment through multiple sets of hydraulic cylinders: the lifting cylinder 406 realizes the vertical lifting of the lifting platform, the push-pull cylinder 405 realizes the forward and backward displacement of the lifting platform, the translation cylinder 408 realizes the left and right lateral sliding of the tilting platform, and the tilting cylinder 407 realizes the tilting of the injection head. During operation, it can be remotely and precisely adjusted by a single person using a wireless remote control, without moving the entire vehicle, and the wellhead can be quickly aligned. When transferring the equipment, the injection head can be laid horizontally and the lifting platform can be lowered to a low position. The overall vehicle profile meets the road transport standards, realizing integrated transfer without disassembly and hoisting.

[0025] The lifting platform 403 is equipped with an injection head assembly 5. During transport and relocation, the tilting cylinder 407 is controlled by a remote control to horizontally lower the injection head, and the lifting cylinder 406 is driven to lower the lifting platform 403 back to the low position of the vehicle frame, reducing the overall vehicle transport profile and meeting the highway width and height restrictions. An auxiliary winch is provided behind the injection head assembly 5 for hoisting auxiliary equipment. The derrick assembly 4 retains only two movable connections: the roller sliding pair and the injection head tilting hinge. Compared with multi-layer hinged derricks, this significantly reduces the number of movable hinge points, reduces structural gaps and wear, and improves the overall machine operation stability.

[0026] Specific working process of this invention embodiment: 1. Transportation and relocation process First, the tilting cylinder 407 is retracted by the wireless remote control, and the tilting platform 404 together with the injection head assembly 5 is tilted forward around the rotation axis of the tilting platform ear plate 40303 to a horizontal state, so that the injection head assembly 5 lies flat above the lifting platform 403.

[0027] Subsequently, the lifting cylinder 406 retracts, causing the lifting mechanism 402 to descend along the lifting mechanism slide rail 40104 of the fixed derrick 401. The lifting mechanism 402, through the lifting platform slider 40207, drives the lifting platform 403 to descend synchronously until the lifting platform 403 sits on the lifting platform support 40102 of the fixed derrick 401. At this point, the limit pin 409 is inserted into the limit pin hole between the fixed derrick 401 and the lifting mechanism 402, mechanically locking the lifting mechanism 402 in a low position to prevent the platform from moving up and down due to bumps during travel. The limit pin 409 is finely adjusted up and down by pushing the adjusting slider 40210 through the adjusting bolt 40209 to ensure smooth insertion and removal of the limit pin. The adjusting bolt 40209 is secured with a locking nut 40211 and a washer 40212 to prevent loosening. Tighten the adjusting bolt 41003 of the adjustable support 410 of the lifting platform, causing the support base 41002 to extend downwards and rest on the lifting platform support 40102 of the fixed derrick 401. This transfers the working load of the lifting platform 403 to the fixed derrick 401 through the base 41001, adjusting bolt 41003, and support base 41002, reducing the continuous load on the lifting cylinder 406 and enhancing the platform's operational stability. Operate the push-pull cylinder 405 to retract the entire platform.

[0028] Next, all hydraulic outriggers 8 are retracted, causing their bottom ends to lift off the ground. The blowout preventer box 6 is pre-installed at the lower end of the injection head assembly 5, and the blowout preventer pipe assembly 7 is fixed to the rear of the chassis; both are transported as a unit with the vehicle and do not require disassembly or hoisting. The control room 201, hydraulic system, electrical control system, and oil pipe roller 3 of the control system 2 are all kept in a fixed, vehicle-mounted state.

[0029] Finally, after checking that all components of the vehicle are securely fixed and that there are no leaks in the hydraulic lines, the vehicle is driven as a complete unit to the target oil and gas well site. The vehicle's external profile meets the width and height restrictions for highway transportation, enabling integrated transfer without the need for crane assistance or disassembly and hoisting.

[0030] 2. Well site positioning and power start-up procedures After the vehicle arrives at the pre-designated work area at the wellhead, the engine of the chassis 101 is started first, and the power take-off (PTO) 10101 is engaged. The PTO 10101 transmits engine power to the transfer case 104 via the driveshaft 102, which then drives the hydraulic pumps to operate, establishing system pressure in the hydraulic system. The driveshaft cover 103 fully covers the driveshaft 102 to ensure safe operation.

[0031] From the control room 201, the operator issues commands via the electronic control system to control each hydraulic outrigger 8 to extend synchronously until the outrigger pads firmly contact the ground and lift the entire vehicle to level. After confirming that the vehicle is level by observing the level gauge, the hydraulic circuit of the outriggers is locked to provide a stable foundation for subsequent operations.

[0032] Pull out the limit pin 409 to release the mechanical lock between the lifting mechanism 402 and the fixed derrick 401.

[0033] 3. Derrick deployment and wellhead alignment procedures This invention achieves precise four-dimensional alignment of the injection head assembly 5 through the linkage of the lifting cylinder 406, the pushing and pulling cylinder 405, the tilting cylinder 407, and the translating cylinder 408, without the need to move the entire vehicle.

[0034] Step 1: Pushing and pulling the lifting platform forward and backward. Operate the extension and retraction of the push-pull cylinder 405. The two push-pull cylinders 405 act synchronously, and the cylinder rod pushes and pulls the push-pull cylinder connecting seat 40208 of the lifting mechanism 402. Since the lifting mechanism 402 is already positioned in the vertical direction by the lifting cylinder 406, the reaction force drives the lifting platform 403 to move forward and backward along the inner guide rail of the lifting mechanism frame 40201 through the lifting platform slider 40207, thereby adjusting the front-to-back distance between the injection head assembly 5 and the wellhead.

[0035] Step 2: Vertical Lifting of the Lifting Platform. The lifting cylinders 406 extend, and all four cylinders act synchronously on the lifting cylinder connecting plate 40205 of the lifting mechanism 402, pushing the lifting mechanism frame 40201 vertically upward along the lifting mechanism slide rail 40104 of the fixed derrick 401. The lifting mechanism roller assembly 40202 rolls on the surface of the lifting mechanism slide rail 40104. Side sliders A 40203, B 40204, and C 40206 restrict the lateral and longitudinal clearances of the lifting mechanism 402 from three directions, ensuring a smooth and stable lifting process. The lifting mechanism 402 drives the lifting platform 403 to rise synchronously via the lifting platform slider 40207 until the injection head assembly 5 reaches the required working height. When the lifting mechanism 402 reaches its limit position, it is stopped by the limiting support seat 40103 at the top of the fixed derrick 401.

[0036] Step 3: Vertical Rotation of the Injection Head. The rotating cylinder 407 extends, pushing the rotating platform 404 to rotate backward around the rotation axis of the rotating platform ear plate 40303. The rotating platform body 40401 drives the injection head base 40402 and the injection head assembly 5 fixed thereon to gradually rotate from a horizontal state to a vertical state. During the rotation process, the wear-resistant plate 40403 slides between the mating surfaces of the rotating platform 404 and the lifting platform 403, reducing wear. After rotating to the correct position, the blowout preventer 6, along with the injection head assembly 5, is in a vertical working position. The rotating platform 404 is then supported and limited by the rotating platform limit seat 40304.

[0037] Step 4: Move the tilting platform left and right. Operate the extension and retraction of the translation cylinder 408, which will drive the tilting platform 404 to slide left and right along the rotation axis in the width direction of the vehicle, thereby fine-tuning the lateral position of the injection head assembly 5, so that the central axis of the blowout preventer box 6 and the blowout preventer pipe assembly 7 are precisely aligned with the center of the wellhead.

[0038] Through the coordinated operation of the aforementioned four-dimensional hydraulic adjustment mechanism (lifting, forward and backward pushing and pulling, left and right translation, and attitude flipping), and with the assistance of a wireless remote control for single-person remote operation, wellhead alignment can be quickly completed without repeatedly moving the entire vehicle. After alignment, the blowout preventer assembly 7 is connected to the wellhead flange, and the blowout preventer box 6 is connected to the upper end of the blowout preventer assembly 7, forming a complete wellhead pressure control channel.

[0039] 4. Procedures for running coiled tubing into the well After the wellhead is aligned and connected, the locking mechanism of the tubing roller 3 is released, the tubing roller 3 is rotated, and the continuous tubing is led out from the tubing roller 3 and sent into the injection head assembly 5 through the guide.

[0040] In control room 201, operators set the injection head clamping pressure and feed rate. The clamping block of injection head assembly 5 clamps the coiled tubing, and the coiled tubing is lowered into the wellbore at a uniform speed through blowout preventer box 6 and blowout preventer assembly 7. Various downhole operations, such as sand flushing, acidizing, fishing, and logging, can be performed according to on-site operational needs.

[0041] During operation, the electrical control system of control system 2 collects and stores operational parameters such as tubing insertion depth, wellhead pressure, and injection head pull force in real time, supporting real-time viewing and control from both the control room 201 console and the wireless handheld controller. The power pipeline moves via the adaptive compensation platform through the power pipeline rotary joint 40308, and the control pipeline is neatly arranged along the control pipeline support 40307 to avoid pipeline interference and kinking. Operators can perform close-range inspections and auxiliary operations on the anti-slip pedal 40306 of the lifting platform 403.

[0042] 5. Coiled tubing recovery process After the downhole operation is completed, the reverse control injection head assembly 5 is used to clamp the coiled tubing with the injection head clamping block and lift it up at a constant speed. The synchronous drive tubing drum 3 rotates to wind up the coiled tubing, and the tubing arrangement mechanism automatically arranges the tubing layout, so that the coiled tubing is neatly wound layer by layer on the tubing drum 3 until all the tubing is completely stored.

[0043] During the recovery process, the electronic control system monitors the lifting force and recovery speed of the oil pipe in real time to ensure a safe and stable recovery process.

[0044] 6. Equipment collection and return process After the oil pipe is fully retrieved, the lifting cylinder 406 is retracted using the handheld remote control, causing the lifting mechanism 402 to descend along the lifting mechanism slide rail 40104, and the lifting platform 403 to descend simultaneously to its lowest position. The lifting mechanism roller assembly 40202 rolls downward along the slide rail, while the side sliders A40203, B40204, and C40206 maintain lateral guidance, ensuring a smooth and unobstructed descent. After the lifting platform 403 is seated on the lifting platform support 40102 of the fixed derrick 401, the limit pin 409 is inserted to mechanically lock the lifting mechanism 402 to its lowest position.

[0045] Next, operate the tilting cylinder 407 to retract, tilting the tilting platform 404 along with the injection head assembly 5 forward to a horizontal position. Operate the push-pull cylinder 405 to retract the entire platform.

[0046] Subsequently, all hydraulic outriggers 8 are retracted simultaneously, so that the bottom of the outriggers is lifted off the ground. After checking that the hydraulic hose roller 3 is locked in place, the blowout preventer box 6 and the blowout preventer assembly 7 are securely fixed, there are no leaks in the hydraulic lines, and there is no wear or damage to any components, the power system 1 is shut off, and all equipment is retracted.

[0047] Finally, the entire vehicle can be directly transferred to the next well site and put into coiled tubing operation for the next well.

[0048] 7. Maintenance and Lubrication Instructions The lifting mechanism roller assembly 40202 of this invention adopts a modular and independent design, with each set of rollers equipped with an independent mounting base. When a set of rollers needs to be replaced, only the mounting base bolts of that set of rollers need to be removed to remove and replace them individually, without disassembling the lifting mechanism frame 40201 or the entire derrick frame, making the maintenance process simple and efficient.

[0049] The lifting mechanism slide rail 40104 has a reserved external lubrication point on the outside, allowing operators to inject grease directly into the roller pair from the ground using an oil gun. This eliminates the need for climbing or disassembling the machine, greatly improving the convenience of daily operation and maintenance and effectively extending the service life of the moving parts.

[0050] The above description represents the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An integrated derrick-type coiled tubing work vehicle, comprising a power system (1), a control system (2), a tubing drum (3), a derrick assembly (4), an injection head assembly (5), a blowout preventer (6), a blowout preventer pipe assembly (7), hydraulic outriggers (8), and a maintenance pedal (9) integrated on a single work vehicle; characterized in that: The derrick assembly (4) includes a fixed derrick (401), a lifting mechanism (402), and a lifting platform (403). The fixed derrick (401) includes a derrick frame (40101), a lifting platform support (40102), a limiting support seat (40103), and a lifting mechanism slide rail (40104). The derrick frame (40101) is a rectangular frame. Two derrick frames (40101) are symmetrically fixed on the chassis of the chassis vehicle (101). Each derrick frame (40101) is equipped with a lifting cylinder (406) on its front and rear sides. The cylinder rod of the lifting cylinder (406) is fixed on the chassis of the chassis vehicle (101). The two vertical supports of the derrick frame (40101) The upper and lower parts of the support are respectively provided with a limiting support seat (40103) and a lifting platform support (40102). The outer sides of the two vertical supports of the derrick frame (40101) are provided with lifting mechanism slide rails (40104). The lifting mechanism (402) includes a lifting mechanism frame (40201), a lifting mechanism roller assembly (40202), a side slider A (40203), a side slider B (40204), a lifting cylinder connecting plate (40205), a side slider C (40206), a lifting platform slider (40207), and a lifting platform roller assembly (40213). The lifting mechanism frame (40201) is located between the limiting support seat (40103) and the lifting platform support. Between the platform support (40102), the front and rear ends of the lifting mechanism frame (40201) are provided with symmetrically arranged side sliders B (40204) and side sliders C (40206). The side sliders B (40204) and side sliders C (40206) are slidably mounted on the inner and outer sides of the vertical support of the derrick frame (40101), so that the lifting mechanism frame (40201) is slidably mounted on the derrick frame (40101). Multiple sets of lifting mechanism roller assemblies (40202) are symmetrically installed at the front and rear ends of the lifting mechanism frame (40201). The multiple sets of lifting mechanism roller assemblies (40202) are connected to the lifting mechanism slide rails on the vertical support of the derrick frame (40101). 40104) Rolling contact, two side sliders A (40203) are respectively set on the upper and lower sides of side slider C (40206) and adjacent to the side of the vertical support of the derrick frame (40101). Side sliders A (40203), B (40204) and C (40206) restrict the lateral and front-back positions of the lifting mechanism (402) on the derrick frame (40101). The cylinders of the two lifting cylinders (406) located on the same side are respectively connected to the lifting cylinder connecting plates (40205) arranged front and back on the corresponding lifting mechanism frame (40201). The lifting platform (403) is lifted and lowered by the extension and retraction of the lifting cylinders (406).

2. The integrated derrick-type coiled tubing work vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power system (1) consists of a chassis (101), a power take-off (10101), a drive shaft (102), and a transfer case (104). The chassis (101) is equipped with a transfer case (104), which is connected to the power take-off (10101) via the drive shaft (102). The power take-off (10101) provides stable power to the hydraulic actuators of the entire vehicle. The hydraulic pipelines of the control system (2) are embedded in the inner cavity of the frame of the work vehicle, providing independent and controllable hydraulic power to each work mechanism.

3. The integrated derrick-type coiled tubing work vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting mechanism frame (40201) is provided with a lifting platform slider (40207) and a lifting platform roller assembly (40213) on the upper and lower sides of both the front and rear ends. The lifting platform slider (40207) and the lifting platform roller assembly (40213) are located at the upper and lower end edges of the lifting platform (403). The lifting mechanism frame (40201) is provided with a push-pull cylinder connecting seat (40208). The cylinder rod of the push-pull cylinder (405) is connected to the push-pull cylinder connecting seat (40208). The cylinder barrel of the push-pull cylinder (405) is connected to the frame of the lifting platform (403). The lifting platform (403) moves back and forth by the extension and retraction of the push-pull cylinder (405).

4. An integrated derrick-type coiled tubing work vehicle according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: The outer side of the lifting mechanism slide rail (40104) has a reserved external lubrication point.

5. An integrated derrick-type coiled tubing work vehicle according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: The vertical support of the derrick frame (40101) is provided with multiple limit pin holes arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The lifting mechanism frame (40201) is provided with an elongated hole, and an adjusting slider (40210) is provided at the elongated hole. The adjusting slider (40210) is set on the lifting mechanism frame (40201) by adjusting bolts (40209). The adjusting slider (40210) is provided with bolt holes, which match the elongated hole and the limit pin holes. The limit pin (409) passes through the bolt hole, the elongated hole and the limit pin hole to position the lifting mechanism (402). The adjusting slider (40210) is pushed up and down by adjusting bolts (40209) to make fine adjustments, so that the limit pin (409) can be inserted and removed smoothly. The adjusting bolt (40209) is fixed to prevent loosening by locking nuts (40211) and washers (40212).

6. An integrated derrick-type coiled tubing work vehicle according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: The lifting platform (403) has a rotating shaft and its bearing seat at the rear. The tilting platform (404) is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft. The lifting platform (403) is equipped with a tilting cylinder (407). The cylinder rod of the tilting cylinder (407) is connected to the tilting platform (404). The extension and retraction of the tilting cylinder (407) pulls the tilting platform (404) to rotate back and forth along the rotating shaft. The tilting platform (404) has a rectangular frame structure. The lifting platform (403) is equipped with a translation cylinder (408). The cylinder rod of 8) is connected to the tilting platform (404). The extension and retraction of the translation cylinder (408) drives the tilting platform (404) to slide left and right along the rotation axis in the vehicle width direction. The tilting platform (404) is provided with an injection head base (40402). The injection head of the injection head assembly (5) is fixed on the injection head base (40402) by a pin. The movement of the lifting platform (403) and the tilting platform (404) drives the injection head assembly (5) to move up and down, forward and backward and left and right along the fixed derrick (401).

7. A method for operating an integrated derrick-type coiled tubing workover rig based on any one of claims 6, characterized in that: During operation, the work vehicle is parked at the preset position at the wellhead, and the hydraulic outriggers (8) are extended to stabilize the vehicle. The derrick assembly (4) achieves four-dimensional linkage adjustment through multiple sets of hydraulic cylinders: the lifting cylinder (406) realizes the vertical lifting of the lifting platform (403), the push-pull cylinder (405) realizes the front and rear displacement of the lifting platform (403), the translation cylinder (408) realizes the left and right lateral sliding of the flipping platform (404), and the flipping cylinder (407) realizes the attitude flipping of the injection head assembly (5), so as to quickly complete the wellhead centering.

8. The operating method of an integrated derrick-type coiled tubing workover rig according to claim 7, characterized in that: The lifting platform (403) is equipped with an injection head assembly (5). During transportation and transfer, the remote control controls the tilting cylinder (407) to lay the injection head assembly (5) horizontally, and synchronously drives the lifting cylinder (406) to lower the lifting platform (403) to a low position, reducing the outer contour of the vehicle and meeting the highway width and height restrictions.

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