A two-stage telescopic oil drilling derrick driven by a screw rod

Abstract

The application discloses a screw rod driving type secondary telescopic oil drilling rig derrick, which comprises two opposite first electric cylinders, two secondary electric cylinders arranged between the two first electric cylinders and a top drive frame arranged between the two secondary electric cylinders; the first electric cylinder is used for driving the secondary electric cylinder to move up and down; the opposite sides of the two secondary electric cylinders are each provided with a guiding perforated slot from top to bottom; the two sides of the top drive frame are respectively connected through the two guiding perforated slots and the moving parts of the two secondary electric cylinders; and the secondary electric cylinder is used for driving the top drive frame to move up and down. The guiding perforated slots are arranged on the side walls of the first and secondary electric cylinders, the next moving part passes through and is directly connected with the driving part, the guiding and driving functions are integrated, the structure is obviously simplified, the number of parts is reduced, and the synchronism of the multi-stage telescopic movement and the rigidity and stability of the overall structure are ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of electric cylinder technology, and particularly relates to a screw-driven two-stage telescopic oil drilling rig derrick. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of oil drilling equipment, derricks need to have a large lifting height to adapt to drilling operations at different depths, while maintaining structural stability and compactness during operation. Telescopic derricks are a common structure to meet this requirement. Existing multi-stage telescopic derricks typically use a multi-section nested sleeve structure with hydraulic cylinders for propulsion, or use multiple cylinders in parallel to directly lift each section. These traditional structures have some shortcomings: while the sleeve structure is compact, the guide contact surface between sections is large, making it prone to wear, and the overall rigidity is limited by the sleeve wall thickness; while using multiple independent cylinders to drive different stages of the derrick, although the driving force is direct, to maintain the stability and straightness of each stage of the derrick during extension and retraction, it usually requires additional complex guide rails, sliders, or linkage mechanisms. This not only increases the complexity and space occupied by the structure, but also introduces more potential failure points, and makes installation and commissioning more cumbersome. In addition, how to ensure that the two-stage telescopic drive mechanism itself and the driven top drive load can move stably, reliably, and synchronously within a compact spatial layout, while simplifying the overall structure, is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to address the shortcomings of the prior art by providing a screw-driven two-stage telescopic oil drilling rig derrick. By opening guide through-hole grooves on the side walls of the first and second stage electric cylinders, the next stage moving parts can pass through and be directly connected to the drive unit, thereby integrating the guiding and driving functions. This significantly simplifies the structure and reduces the number of parts while ensuring the synchronization of multi-stage telescopic movements and the rigidity and stability of the overall structure.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a screw-driven two-stage telescopic oil drilling rig derrick, comprising two primary electric cylinders arranged opposite each other, two secondary electric cylinders arranged between the two primary electric cylinders, and a top drive frame arranged between the two secondary electric cylinders; The two primary electric cylinders, the two secondary electric cylinders, and the top drive frame are located in the same vertical plane; Both of the two primary electric cylinders have guide through grooves formed from top to bottom on opposite sides; The root of one of the secondary electric cylinders is connected to the moving part of one of the primary electric cylinders via a guide perforation groove; The root of the other secondary electric cylinder is connected to the moving part of the other primary electric cylinder through a guide perforation groove; The primary electric cylinder is used to drive the secondary electric cylinder to move up and down; Both of the two secondary electric cylinders have guide through-hole grooves opened from top to bottom on opposite sides; The top drive frame is connected to the two guide perforated slots and the moving parts of the two secondary electric cylinders on both sides respectively; The secondary electric cylinder is used to drive the top drive frame to move up and down.

[0005] The aforementioned screw-driven two-stage telescopic oil drilling rig derrick has a dust-proof brush installed at the guide perforation groove.

[0006] The aforementioned screw-driven two-stage telescopic oil drilling rig derrick has a guide frame at the upper end of the first-stage electric cylinder. The guide frame includes at least two opposing first rollers, which respectively abut against the front and rear sides of the second-stage electric cylinder housing.

[0007] In the aforementioned screw-driven two-stage telescopic oil drilling rig derrick, the guide frames on the two primary electric cylinders are arranged opposite each other, and a second roller is provided on the opposite side of each of the two guide frames; The two second rollers, which are arranged on opposite sides of the guide frame, respectively abut against the opposite outer sides of the two secondary electric cylinders.

[0008] In the aforementioned screw-driven two-stage telescopic oil drilling rig derrick, a first coupling is installed between the two primary electric cylinders, and the power units of the two primary electric cylinders are connected by transmission through the first coupling; a second coupling is installed between the two secondary electric cylinders, and the power units of the two secondary electric cylinders are connected by transmission through the second coupling.

[0009] The aforementioned screw-driven two-stage telescopic oil drilling rig derrick includes a power unit comprising a motor, a multi-stage gear pair, and a gearbox; the multi-stage gear pair is installed inside the gearbox, and the output shaft of the motor is connected to the drive gear of the multi-stage gear pair via a transmission connection; The multi-stage gear pair is connected to the driving and driven gears of the primary electric cylinder / secondary electric cylinder by a lead screw drive. The driven gear of the multi-stage gear pair is connected to the first coupling / second coupling for transmission.

[0010] The aforementioned screw-driven two-stage telescopic oil drilling rig derrick includes a primary electric cylinder comprising a housing, a screw, and a nut assembly; the moving part is the nut assembly, the screw is supported inside the housing by bearings, the nut assembly is sleeved on the screw, and the inner wall of the housing has a structure for rotating and limiting the nut assembly.

[0011] In the aforementioned screw-driven two-stage telescopic oil drilling rig derrick, the nut assembly has first nut rollers on both sides, with the first nut rollers on both sides abutting against the front inner wall and the rear inner wall of the outer shell, respectively; second nut rollers are provided on both the left and right sides of the first nut rollers, with the two second nut rollers on the front and rear sides of the first nut roller abutting against the left inner wall and the right inner wall of the outer shell, respectively; the structure for rotating and limiting the nut assembly is a slot structure that guides the first nut rollers and the second nut rollers.

[0012] The aforementioned screw-driven two-stage telescopic oil drilling rig derrick has a first connecting frame installed between the rear sides of the two primary electric cylinders; and a second connecting frame installed between the rear sides of the two secondary electric cylinders.

[0013] Compared with existing technologies, this invention has the following advantages: By creating guide perforated slots on the sidewalls of the primary and secondary electric cylinders, and allowing the next-stage moving parts (the root of the secondary electric cylinder and both sides of the top drive frame) to directly pass through the corresponding guide perforated slots and connect with the moving part of the primary electric cylinder, the drive connection function and linear guidance function are highly integrated into the electric cylinder body structure. This design effectively simplifies the overall mechanical structure of the derrick, eliminating the need for additional and complex independent guide rails or slider mechanisms found in existing technologies. This not only reduces the number of parts and the complexity of installation and debugging, but also reduces potential failure points caused by the coexistence of multiple mechanisms. Simultaneously, all drive units and the top drive frame are constrained within the same vertical plane, forming a stable planar linkage frame through the interlocking connection of the perforated slots. This significantly improves the overall rigidity and stability of the derrick under telescopic and load-bearing conditions, resulting in a more compact and reliable structure. In addition, the root of the secondary electric cylinder is driven and constrained by two primary electric cylinders through their respective guide perforated grooves. Similarly, the top drive frame is driven by two secondary electric cylinders working together. This two-point constrained driving method fundamentally ensures the natural synchronization between the secondary electric cylinders and the top drive frame during the lifting process, making the movement more stable and reliable, and effectively solving the problem of complex synchronization control in traditional multi-stage drives.

[0014] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a diagram showing the usage state of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first-stage electric cylinder assembly.

[0018] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a single-stage electric cylinder.

[0019] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the guide frame.

[0020] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a two-stage electric cylinder assembly.

[0021] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a two-stage electric cylinder.

[0022] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the nut assembly.

[0023] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the power unit.

[0024] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the gearbox.

[0025] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the present invention in a horizontal position.

[0026] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the present invention in a vertical position.

[0027] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: Detailed Implementation

[0028] like Figure 1 As shown in Figure 10, a screw-driven two-stage telescopic oil drilling rig derrick includes two primary electric cylinders 1 arranged opposite each other, two secondary electric cylinders 2 arranged between the two primary electric cylinders 1, and a top drive frame 3 arranged between the two secondary electric cylinders 2. The two primary electric cylinders 1, the two secondary electric cylinders 2, and the top drive frame 3 are located in the same vertical plane; The two primary electric cylinders 1 are provided with guide through grooves from top to bottom on opposite sides; The root of one of the secondary electric cylinders 2 is connected to the moving part of one of the primary electric cylinders 1 through a guide perforation groove; The root of the other secondary electric cylinder 2 is connected to the moving part of the other primary electric cylinder 1 through a guide perforated groove; The primary electric cylinder 1 is used to drive the secondary electric cylinder 2 to move up and down; The two secondary electric cylinders 2 are provided with guide through grooves from top to bottom on opposite sides; The top drive frame 3 is connected to the two guide perforated slots and the moving parts of the two secondary electric cylinders 2 on both sides respectively; The secondary electric cylinder 2 is used to drive the top drive frame 3 to move up and down.

[0029] In practice, the derrick mainly consists of two primary electric cylinders 1, two secondary electric cylinders 2, and a top drive frame 3. The two primary electric cylinders 1 are vertically and fixedly mounted parallel to each other on the derrick base or drilling platform foundation. The two secondary electric cylinders 2 are arranged parallel to each other within the space between the two primary electric cylinders 1. The top drive frame 3 is located within the space between the two secondary electric cylinders 2. All these components—the two primary electric cylinders 1, the two secondary electric cylinders 2, and the top drive frame 3—are designed and installed with their centerlines or main structures aligned in the same vertical plane, forming a flat, integral planar frame structure, which improves resistance to bending in the longitudinal direction.

[0030] The key structure for integrating drive and guidance functions lies in the guide perforation groove on the cylinder body. Specifically, on the outer shell 16 of each primary cylinder 1, a vertical, elongated opening, i.e., the guide perforation groove, is machined from top to bottom through the cylinder wall, facing the inner side of the other primary cylinder 1. The lower root of a secondary cylinder 2 passes horizontally through this guide perforation groove on the corresponding primary cylinder 1 from the outside via a connecting arm, and then extends into the internal cavity of that primary cylinder 1. Inside the primary cylinder 1, there is a vertically movable component, called the moving part, such as a nut seat that mates with the lead screw 17. The root of the secondary cylinder 2 is securely connected to this moving part via the connecting arm. The other secondary cylinder 2 is connected to the moving part inside the other primary cylinder 1 in the same way, using a connecting arm to pass through the guide perforation groove of the other primary cylinder 1. In this way, when the primary electric cylinder 1 is driven, its internal moving part moves up and down, directly driving the two secondary electric cylinders 2 to move up and down as a whole through the connection point that passes through the guide perforation groove. During the lifting and lowering process of the secondary electric cylinders 2, the inner wall of the primary electric cylinder 1 naturally forms a vertical and horizontal guide for the nut, eliminating the need for a separate guide rail.

[0031] The principle of the secondary electric cylinder 2 driving the top drive frame 3 is exactly the same as described above. On the opposite sidewalls of the two secondary electric cylinders 2, each has a vertical guide perforation slot. The top drive frame 3 is a support frame for mounting drilling equipment such as the top drive, and it has horizontally extending connecting arms on both sides. The connecting arm on the left side of the top drive frame 3 passes horizontally through the guide perforation slot of the left secondary electric cylinder 2, extends into its cylinder body, and connects to the moving part inside the left secondary electric cylinder 2; similarly, the connecting arm on the right side passes through the guide perforation slot of the right secondary electric cylinder 2 and connects to the moving part inside the right secondary electric cylinder 2. When it is necessary to lift the top drive, the moving parts of the two secondary electric cylinders 2 move upward synchronously under drive, smoothly lifting the top drive frame 3 through the connecting arms passing through the guide perforation slots. During this process, the inner wall of the secondary electric cylinder 2 also guides the connecting arms of the top drive frame 3.

[0032] Through the above design, for example, in the operation scenario of a land drilling platform, the derrick is initially in a retracted state to reduce the transport height. Upon arrival at the well site, the operator first activates two primary electric cylinders 1. The motor 10 inside the primary electric cylinder 1 drives the lead screw 17 to rotate through a reduction mechanism, and the lead screw 17 drives the moving part of the nut that it is paired with to move upward. Since the roots of the two secondary electric cylinders 2 are fixed to the moving part of the primary electric cylinder 1 through guide perforated slots via connecting arms, they are simultaneously lifted upward, realizing the first stage extension of the derrick. During this process, the inner wall of the primary electric cylinder 1 constrains the nut, preventing the secondary electric cylinder 2 connected to it from swinging back and forth. When the first stage stroke is completed, the two secondary electric cylinders 2 are activated again. The moving part inside the secondary electric cylinder 2 moves upward, driving the top drive frame 3 connected through its guide perforated slot to lift upward, realizing the second stage extension, and finally making the top drive reach the predetermined working height. Throughout the extension process, due to the use of perforated slot interlocking connection, the transmission path of driving force is direct, the guidance and drive are integrated, the structure is very compact, there are no exposed complex guide rails and sliders, reducing potential failure points. More importantly, the top drive frame 3 is driven by two secondary electric cylinders 2 connected and driven at two points. This layout inherently forces the two secondary electric cylinders 2 to operate synchronously, as any asynchrony is immediately suppressed by the rigid top drive frame 3. This ensures the stability and straightness of the top drive during lifting and lowering, eliminating the need for a complex electronic synchronization control system and improving reliability. After the entire derrick is fully extended, all components are in the same vertical plane, forming a stable frame with high rigidity, capable of stably bearing the working load of the top drive.

[0033] In one embodiment, a dustproof brush 4 is provided at the guide perforation groove.

[0034] In practice, to protect the guide perforation slots and improve the equipment's durability in harsh environments, dust-proof brushes 4 can be installed at the opening edge of each guide perforation slot. Specifically, brushes 4 typically consist of dense bristle bundles and a fixed base. The fixed base is secured to the outer wall of the cylinder body surrounding the guide perforation slot using screws or clips, ensuring that the bristle bundles are tightly attached to the surface of the moving parts passing through the perforation slot. For example, at the guide perforation slot of the primary electric cylinder 1, the inner side of brush 4 is tightly attached to the connecting arm at the root of the secondary electric cylinder 2 passing through it; at the guide perforation slot of the secondary electric cylinder 2, brush 4 is tightly attached to the connecting arm of the top drive frame 3 passing through it. When the derrick is operating in a windy and sandy outdoor environment, brushes 4 can effectively sweep away or block sand, rainwater, and other impurities from entering the electric cylinder through the perforation slot gaps or accumulating on the surface of the moving parts. This prevents impurities from entering the electric cylinder and damaging the precision lead screw 17 nut pair, and also avoids impurities getting stuck between the perforated groove and the moving parts, thus aggravating wear. This significantly improves the reliability and service life of the entire drive guidance system and reduces maintenance requirements.

[0035] In one embodiment, the upper end of the primary electric cylinder 1 is provided with a guide frame 5, the guide frame 5 including at least two opposing first rollers 6, the two opposing first rollers 6 respectively abutting against the front side and the rear side of the housing 16 of the secondary electric cylinder 2.

[0036] In implementation, to further enhance the guiding stability of the secondary electric cylinder 2 during lifting and lowering, a guide frame 5 can be fixedly installed at the upper end of each primary electric cylinder 1. This guide frame 5 is a structural component independent of the cylinder body, with its main body spanning the outer side of the secondary electric cylinder 2. At least two first rollers 6 are mounted on the guide frame 5, and these two first rollers 6 are arranged opposite each other. More specifically, the two first rollers 6 have horizontal axes of rotation and are arranged one in front of the other, such that the cylindrical surface of one first roller 6 abuts against the front side of the housing 16 of the secondary electric cylinder 2, and the cylindrical surface of the other first roller 6 abuts against the rear side of the housing 16 of the secondary electric cylinder 2. During the extension and retraction of the derrick, as the secondary electric cylinder 2 moves up and down relative to the primary electric cylinder 1, these two first rollers 6 always roll against the front and rear sides of the housing 16 of the secondary electric cylinder 2, respectively. This design provides the secondary electric cylinder 2 with additional, low-friction lateral support and guidance. For example, when the top drive load produces a slight back-and-forth sway, this sway will be transmitted through the secondary electric cylinder 2. At this time, the guide frame 5 at the upper end of the primary electric cylinder 1 and its first roller 6 can effectively suppress and absorb this sway, share the lateral force borne by the guide perforated groove wall, make the movement of the secondary electric cylinder 2 smoother and more stable, and reduce the wear and noise that may be caused by hard contact between the housing and the perforated groove.

[0037] In one embodiment, the guide frames 5 on the two primary electric cylinders 1 are arranged opposite to each other, and the opposite sides of the two guide frames 5 are provided with second rollers 7; The two guide frames 5 are respectively positioned on opposite sides and their second rollers 7 abut against the opposite outer sides of the two secondary electric cylinders 2.

[0038] In implementation, to constrain the distance between the two secondary electric cylinders 2 in the horizontal plane and prevent them from moving closer or further apart due to uneven force during operation or extension, the guide frames 5 on the two primary electric cylinders 1 can be designed to be arranged opposite each other. That is, the guide frame 5 of the left primary electric cylinder 1 is installed on the right side, and its first roller 6 abuts against the left side of the left secondary electric cylinder 2; the guide frame 5 of the right primary electric cylinder 1 is installed on the left side, and its first roller 6 abuts against the right side of the right secondary electric cylinder 2. Furthermore, a second roller 7 is also installed on the opposite side of each guide frame 5 facing the other secondary electric cylinder 2. Specifically, a second roller 7 is installed on the right side of the left guide frame 5, and its cylindrical surface abuts against the left outer surface of the left secondary electric cylinder 2; similarly, a second roller 7 is also installed on the left side of the right guide frame 5, and its cylindrical surface abuts against the left outer surface of the right secondary electric cylinder 2. In this way, the two secondary electric cylinders 2 are not only constrained by the first rollers 6 of the corresponding guide frames 5 on their respective front and rear sides, but their opposite outer surfaces are also laterally abutted by the second rollers 7 on the two guide frames 5. When the derrick is under load, the two second rollers 7 form a clamping structure, ensuring that the two secondary electric cylinders 2 always maintain a parallel posture and a set spacing, which greatly enhances the torsional rigidity and overall stability of the subframe composed of the two secondary electric cylinders 2 and the top drive frame 3.

[0039] In one embodiment, a first coupling 8 is installed between the two primary electric cylinders 1, and the power units of the two primary electric cylinders 1 are connected by transmission through the first coupling 8; a second coupling 9 is installed between the two secondary electric cylinders 2, and the power units of the two secondary electric cylinders 2 are connected by transmission through the second coupling 9.

[0040] In implementation, to ensure absolute synchronization of the electric cylinder drives and avoid asynchrony caused by control errors of multiple independent motors 10, a first coupling 8 can be installed between the two primary electric cylinders 1, and a second coupling 9 can be installed between the two secondary electric cylinders 2. The first coupling 8 is a mechanical transmission shaft, with its two ends connected to the secondary driven gears 15 of the power units of the two primary electric cylinders 1 via flanges or keyways. The second coupling 9 connects to the secondary driven gears 15 of the power units of the two secondary electric cylinders 2 in the same manner. Through this connection, the power units of the two electric cylinders of the same level are rigidly coupled together. For example, when driving the primary extension, the motors 10 in the two primary electric cylinders 1 actually form a mechanically linked whole through the first coupling 8. Even if there is an extremely small difference in the speed commands of the two motors 10, the coupling will force them to rotate at the exact same speed and phase, thereby ensuring that the moving parts of the two primary electric cylinders 1 rise and fall at the exact same speed, thus driving the two secondary electric cylinders 2 to move in absolute synchronization. This mechanical rigid synchronization method fundamentally eliminates the risk of electronic control asynchrony, resulting in high motion synchronization accuracy, strong reliability, and a simple and durable structure.

[0041] In one embodiment, the power unit includes a motor 10, a multi-stage gear pair 11, and a gearbox 12; the multi-stage gear pair 11 is installed inside the gearbox 12, and the output shaft of the motor 10 is connected to the drive gear 13 of the multi-stage gear pair 11. The driving gear 14 of the multi-stage gear pair 11 is connected to the lead screw 17 of the first-stage electric cylinder 1 / second-stage electric cylinder 2; The driven gear 15 of the multi-stage gear pair 11 is connected to the first coupling 8 / second coupling 9 for transmission.

[0042] In implementation, the power unit can be specifically designed as a compact structure including a motor 10, a multi-stage gear pair 11, and a gearbox 12. The motor 10 serves as the power source, with its output shaft extending into the gearbox 12. The multi-stage gear pair 11, installed inside the sealed gearbox 12, typically consists of at least two meshing gears used for speed reduction and torque increase. The output shaft of the motor 10 is directly or via a coupling connected to the input stage gear 13 of the multi-stage gear pair 11, i.e., the driving gear 13. The final stage output gear 14 of the multi-stage gear pair 11, i.e., the driving and driven gear 14, has its central shaft coaxially fixedly connected to one end of the lead screw 17 inside the electric cylinder, thereby transmitting rotational motion to the lead screw 17. Furthermore, to drive the first / second coupling 9, a secondary output shaft is extended from one stage of the multi-stage gear pair 11, on which a secondary driven gear 15 is mounted. This secondary driven gear 15 extends through a shaft hole in the side wall of the gearbox 12 and connects to the end of the first coupling 8 or the second coupling 9. In this way, the power of a single motor 10 is distributed through the multi-stage gear pair 11 in the gearbox 12. One path drives the lead screw 17 of the same electric cylinder, while the other path drives the lead screw 17 of another electric cylinder of the same stage through the coupling. This achieves the goal of a single motor 10 driving two cylinders in absolute synchronization. The power transmission path is clear, and the structure is compact and efficient.

[0043] In one embodiment, the primary electric cylinder 1 includes a housing 16, a lead screw 17, and a nut assembly 18; the moving part is the nut assembly 18, the lead screw 17 is supported in the housing 16 by a bearing, the nut assembly 18 is sleeved on the lead screw 17, and the inner wall of the housing 16 has a structure for rotating and limiting the nut assembly 18.

[0044] In implementation, the electric cylinder mainly comprises a cylindrical outer shell 16. Inside the outer shell 16, a precision lead screw 17 is supported by bearings at both ends, allowing free rotation but preventing axial movement. A nut assembly 18 is fitted onto the lead screw 17 and precisely engages with its threads. This nut assembly 18 is the aforementioned moving part. When the lead screw 17 rotates under the drive of the power unit, the nut assembly 18, being restricted from rotation, will move linearly along the axial direction of the lead screw 17. To limit the rotation of the nut assembly 18, specific structures can be machined on the inner wall of the outer shell 16, such as a flat key, guide rail, or specific groove extending along the axial direction of the outer shell 16. The outer periphery of the nut assembly 18 is provided with protrusions, sliders, or rollers that mate with these inner wall structures. For example, two parallel guide grooves can be machined on the inner wall of the outer shell 16, and a slider that can be embedded in the guide groove is fixed on the outer periphery of the nut assembly 18. When the lead screw 17 rotates, the slider on the nut assembly 18 slides along the guide groove on the inner wall of the housing 16, thereby preventing the nut assembly 18 from rotating with the lead screw 17 and forcing it to only make vertical linear movements. Then, through its connection with the root of the secondary electric cylinder 2, the rotational motion is converted into linear drive.

[0045] In one embodiment, the nut assembly 18 is provided with first nut rollers 19 on both sides, and the first nut rollers 19 on both sides abut against the front inner wall and the rear inner wall of the housing 16, respectively; second nut rollers 20 are provided on both the left and right sides of the first nut rollers 19, and the two second nut rollers 20 on the front and rear sides of the first nut rollers 19 abut against the left inner wall and the right inner wall of the housing 16, respectively; the structure for rotating and limiting the nut assembly 18 is a slot structure for guiding the first nut rollers 19 and the second nut rollers 20.

[0046] In implementation, the structure for rotating and guiding the nut assembly 18 can specifically employ a low-friction roller guide scheme. On both sides of the nut assembly 18, i.e., in the front-to-back direction of its movement, a first nut roller 19 is installed. The shafts of these two first nut rollers 19 are horizontally positioned, and their cylindrical rolling surfaces abut against the front and rear walls of the inner side of the housing 16, respectively. Simultaneously, on the left and right sides of each first nut roller 19, a second nut roller 20 is installed. Specifically, each first nut roller 19 has a second nut roller 20 at both ends in its rotational direction. The cylindrical surfaces of the second nut rollers 20 abut against the left and right walls of the inner side of the housing 16, respectively. In this way, the nut assembly 18, through the two first nut rollers 19 and the left and right second nut rollers 20, forms at least six contact points with the inner wall of the electric cylinder housing 16, achieving omnidirectional constraint. The groove structure on the inner wall of the housing 16 for guiding these rollers can be a simple machined flat surface or a specially designed guide groove that matches the shape of the rollers. These rollers roll on the groove or flat surface, greatly reducing friction and achieving high-precision, high-smooth linear motion, while completely eliminating the possibility of rotation of the nut assembly 18.

[0047] It should be noted that the structure of the secondary electric cylinder 2 is basically the same as that of the primary electric cylinder 1, including a housing 16, a lead screw 17 and a nut assembly 18; the moving part is the nut assembly 18, the lead screw 17 is supported in the housing 16 by a bearing, the nut assembly 18 is sleeved on the lead screw 17, and the inner wall of the housing 16 has a slot structure for rotating and limiting the nut assembly 18.

[0048] In one embodiment, a first connecting frame 21 is installed between the rear sides of the two primary electric cylinders 1; and a second connecting frame 22 is installed between the rear sides of the two secondary electric cylinders 2.

[0049] In implementation, to further enhance the overall rigidity and stability of the derrick, a first connecting frame 21 can be fixedly installed between the rear sides of the two primary electric cylinders 1, and a second connecting frame 22 can be fixedly installed between the rear sides of the two secondary electric cylinders 2. The first connecting frame 21 and the second connecting frame 22 are typically robust steel profiles or welded plate structures. The two ends of the first connecting frame 21 are firmly connected to the rear sides of the cylinder bodies of the two primary electric cylinders 1 by bolts or welding, respectively, connecting the two originally independent primary electric cylinders 1 into a rigid portal frame. Similarly, the second connecting frame 22 connects the rear sides of the two secondary electric cylinders 2. For example, when the derrick is fully extended to carry the top drive for drilling operations, the load of the top drive may generate a torsional moment. At this time, the first connecting frame 21 and the second connecting frame 22 can effectively transfer and distribute the load between the two electric cylinders, preventing a single electric cylinder from bearing excessive eccentric load. This greatly enhances the bending and torsional resistance of the entire derrick structure in the horizontal plane, making the structure more stable and reliable, and improving the working accuracy and safety of the derrick under dynamic loads.

[0050] like Figure 11 and Figure 12 As shown, in one embodiment, the bottom of the two primary electric cylinders 1 is fixedly mounted with a base 23, and the bottom of the base 23 is supported on the base 25 by four legs 24, with the lower end of each leg 24 hinged to the base 25.

[0051] In practice, the base 23 is a rigid steel structure platform, with its top surface fixedly connected to the bottom of the two primary electric cylinders 1. Support legs 24 are arranged along the front and rear sides of the bottom surface of the base 23. The upper end of each support leg 24 is fixed to the base 23, and the lower end is provided with a hinge hole, which is rotatably connected to the corresponding hinge seat on the base 25 through a pin.

[0052] In one embodiment, the system further includes an erecting electric cylinder 26, which is located behind the primary electric cylinder 1. The upper end of the erecting electric cylinder 26 is hinged to the rear side of the primary electric cylinder 1, and the lower end of the erecting electric cylinder 26 is hinged to the base 25. The erecting electric cylinder 26 is used to drive the two primary electric cylinders 1 together with the base 23 to rotate between a vertical state and a horizontal state around the hinge point between the support leg 24 and the base 25.

[0053] During implementation, the lower end of the cylinder body of the erecting electric cylinder 26 is mounted on the base 25 via a hinge seat, and the upper end of the piston rod is hinged to the rear side of the first-stage electric cylinder 1 via the hinge seat. When the piston rod extends, it pushes the first-stage electric cylinder 1, together with the base 23, to rotate from horizontal to vertical around the hinge axis, thereby achieving erection; when retracting, it drives the derrick to be lowered from vertical to horizontal.

[0054] In one embodiment, four support legs 24 are respectively arranged on the front and rear sides of the bottom of the base 23. When changing from a vertical to a horizontal state, firstly, the hinge pins between the two front support legs 24 of the base 23 and the base 25 are removed, allowing the front support legs to detach from the base 25; then, the erecting electric cylinder 26 retracts, and the first-stage electric cylinder 1, together with the base 23, rotates forward and downward around the hinge axis of the two rear support legs 24 until it is laid down horizontally. After being erected from horizontal to vertical, the front support legs 24 are re-hinged with the base 25 to restore stable support for all four legs.

[0055] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not constitute any limitation on the present invention. Any simple modifications, alterations, or equivalent structural changes made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention shall still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A screw-driven two-stage telescopic oil drilling rig derrick, characterized in that, It includes two primary electric cylinders arranged opposite each other, two secondary electric cylinders arranged between the two primary electric cylinders, and a top drive frame arranged between the two secondary electric cylinders; The two primary electric cylinders, the two secondary electric cylinders, and the top drive frame are located in the same vertical plane; Both of the two primary electric cylinders have guide through grooves formed from top to bottom on opposite sides; The root of one of the secondary electric cylinders is connected to the moving part of one of the primary electric cylinders via a guide perforation groove; The root of the other secondary electric cylinder is connected to the moving part of the other primary electric cylinder through a guide perforation groove; The primary electric cylinder is used to drive the secondary electric cylinder to move up and down; Both of the two secondary electric cylinders have guide through-hole grooves opened from top to bottom on opposite sides; The top drive frame is connected to the two guide perforated slots and the moving parts of the two secondary electric cylinders on both sides respectively; The secondary electric cylinder is used to drive the top drive frame to move up and down.

2. The screw-driven two-stage telescopic oil drilling rig derrick according to claim 1, characterized in that, A dustproof brush is provided at the guide perforation groove.

3. A screw-driven two-stage telescopic oil drilling rig derrick according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper end of the primary electric cylinder is provided with a guide frame, which includes at least two opposing first rollers, which respectively abut against the front and rear sides of the secondary electric cylinder housing.

4. A screw-driven two-stage telescopic oil drilling rig derrick according to claim 3, characterized in that, The guide frames on the two primary electric cylinders are arranged opposite each other, and a second roller is provided on the opposite side of each of the two guide frames; The two second rollers, which are arranged on opposite sides of the guide frame, respectively abut against the opposite outer sides of the two secondary electric cylinders.

5. A screw-driven two-stage telescopic oil drilling rig derrick according to claim 1, characterized in that, A first coupling is installed between the two primary electric cylinders, and the power units of the two primary electric cylinders are connected by the first coupling; a second coupling is installed between the two secondary electric cylinders, and the power units of the two secondary electric cylinders are connected by the second coupling.

6. A screw-driven two-stage telescopic oil drilling rig derrick according to claim 5, characterized in that, The power unit includes a motor, a multi-stage gear pair, and a gearbox; the multi-stage gear pair is installed inside the gearbox, and the output shaft of the motor is connected to the driving gear of the multi-stage gear pair via a transmission. The multi-stage gear pair is connected to the driving and driven gears of the primary electric cylinder / secondary electric cylinder by a lead screw drive. The driven gear of the multi-stage gear pair is connected to the first coupling / second coupling for transmission.

7. A screw-driven two-stage telescopic oil drilling rig derrick according to claim 1, characterized in that, The primary electric cylinder includes a housing, a lead screw, and a nut assembly; the moving part is the nut assembly, the lead screw is supported inside the housing by a bearing, the nut assembly is sleeved on the lead screw, and the inner wall of the housing has a structure for rotating and limiting the nut assembly.

8. A screw-driven two-stage telescopic oil drilling rig derrick according to claim 7, characterized in that, The nut assembly has a first nut roller on each side, which abuts against the front inner wall and the rear inner wall of the outer shell, respectively. A second nut roller is provided on both sides of the first nut roller, which abuts against the left inner wall and the right inner wall of the outer shell, respectively. The structure for rotating and limiting the nut assembly is a slot structure that guides the first nut roller and the second nut roller.

9. A screw-driven two-stage telescopic oil drilling rig derrick according to claim 1, characterized in that, A first connecting frame is installed between the rear sides of the two primary electric cylinders; a second connecting frame is installed between the rear sides of the two secondary electric cylinders.

Images