A drilling rig with rotatable positioning auto make-up and flexible under-sieve pipe unit

Abstract

The application discloses a drilling machine with a rotatable positioning automatic screwing-up unit and a flexible lower screen pipe unit, comprising a drilling machine, a rotatable positioning automatic screwing-up unit and a flexible lower screen pipe unit, wherein the rotatable positioning automatic screwing-up unit comprises a rotating assembly, an automatic screwing-up assembly and a positioning assembly; the flexible lower screen pipe unit comprises a sliding assembly and a screen pipe booster, and the screen pipe booster is installed on the sliding assembly and can slide up and down along the sliding assembly. The application adopts a compact integrated design and a modular layout strategy, integrates the rotatable positioning automatic screwing-up unit and the flexible lower screen pipe unit, optimizes the size of a transmission mechanism and simplifies redundant structures, greatly reduces the overall volume and space occupation of the screwing-up device and the lower screen pipe device with automatic sliding, rotating and positioning functions, effectively breaks through the technical bottleneck that automatic screwing-up and automatic lower screen pipe operation cannot be simultaneously realized in a limited space, and expands the application boundary of the automatic lower screen pipe technology.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of coal mine drilling rig technology, specifically relating to a drilling rig with a rotatable positioning automatic upper clamp and a flexible lower screen tube unit. Background Technology

[0002] In the fields of coalbed methane development and coal mine gas control, coal seam geological conditions are generally complex. Especially during drilling operations in soft coal seams, traditional open-hole completion methods are highly susceptible to wellbore collapse, which can block gas flow channels, leading to a significant decrease in gas extraction efficiency and severely hindering the improvement of industry production efficiency. Practice has fully demonstrated that non-metallic screen completion technology can effectively support the borehole wall in soft coal seams, fundamentally avoiding the risk of collapse. Furthermore, this technology does not damage the coal seam. Therefore, its application in coalbed methane development and gas extraction projects is becoming increasingly widespread, serving as a key technical means to ensure construction quality and extraction efficiency.

[0003] With the iterative upgrading of gas control equipment technology, tunnel drilling rigs have gradually transformed towards intelligent operation. The widespread adoption of intelligent drilling rigs has enabled core functions such as automatic drill rod loading and unloading, significantly reducing the labor intensity of workers, effectively ensuring their personal safety, and greatly improving the accuracy and efficiency of drilling operations. However, while the drilling technology has been upgraded, the supporting technology for conveying the borehole screen has not kept pace. Its low efficiency and insufficient safety have become increasingly prominent, becoming a core bottleneck restricting the overall construction progress. Taking the Huaibei mining area as an example, in order to improve the concentration of gas extracted from boreholes, the area generally adopts the process of sealing the borehole with screen pipes in the open borehole. However, the existing screen pipe transportation method still has obvious defects: On the one hand, most drilling sites rely entirely on manual threading and screen pipe transportation, which has problems such as high labor intensity, low pipe transportation efficiency, and limited hole depth. It cannot meet the construction process requirements of deeper cross-layer holes. Moreover, when transporting screen pipes upward through the borehole, the screen pipes are prone to downward movement, which poses a serious risk of personnel injury and greatly restricts the overall efficiency of drilling construction and gas extraction. On the other hand, although some mining areas have introduced mechanized screen pipe transportation devices, such devices generally have inherent defects such as complex structure, large size, and excessive weight, which limit their applicability and make it difficult to adapt to different types of drilling rigs.

[0004] Crucially, the widely used intelligent drilling rigs are highly integrated and have a compact yet complex structure. Furthermore, the rig's front end requires a blowout preventer, making it impossible to effectively integrate existing large-volume screen pipe lowering devices with intelligent drilling rigs. Simultaneously, in underground tunnel environments, due to tunnel height and space constraints from stabilizing devices on both sides of the drilling rig, large-angle screen pipe lowering requires that the height of the lowering device and its mounting components not exceed the highest point of the power head, and the width not exceed the width of the feed machine body, to avoid interference with the tunnel roof and the columns on both sides of the machine body. This further limits the application of traditional large-scale devices. In addition, existing intelligent drilling rigs have not yet achieved rapid, convenient, and automatic switching between normal drilling and screen pipe lowering, resulting in low efficiency in process transitions and severely reducing the overall application value and construction continuity of intelligent drilling rigs. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings and defects of the prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide a drilling rig with a rotatable positioning automatic upper clamping and flexible lower screen pipe unit, which solves many problems in the prior art such as poor equipment applicability, low level of mechanization, insufficient operation efficiency, and prominent safety risks, and can no longer meet the actual needs of intelligent drilling rig supporting construction and complex downhole scenarios.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a drilling machine with a rotatable positioning automatic up-and-down and flexible screen tube unit, including a drilling machine, and a rotatable positioning automatic up-and-down unit and a flexible screen tube unit installed on the feed body of the drilling machine. The rotatable positioning automatic up-and-down unit includes a rotating component, an automatic up-and-down component installed on the rotating component, and a positioning component installed on one side of the rotating component.

[0007] The rotating assembly includes a fixed weldment and a rotating assembly cylinder installed within the fixed weldment. A pull plate is also installed on the rotating assembly cylinder.

[0008] The rotating assembly also includes a connecting seat located on the upper surface of the fixed weldment, a sliding crankshaft connected to the bottom surface of the connecting seat, and a pressure ring connected to the other end of the sliding crankshaft.

[0009] The aforementioned pull plate is used to drive the sliding crankshaft to cause the connecting seat to translate and rotate.

[0010] The pull plate is rotatably connected to the sliding crankshaft.

[0011] The automatic buckle assembly includes a buckle assembly base plate, a buckle device mounted on one side of the upper surface of the buckle assembly base plate, and a buckle hydraulic motor mounted on the upper surface of the buckle assembly base plate.

[0012] The upper buckle includes an upper buckle housing and a gear set installed inside the upper buckle housing. The gear set meshes with an open gear, which is hollow and open on one side.

[0013] The upper clamp also includes a crescent claw rotatably mounted on the inner side of the open gear and a pawl fixedly mounted on the inner side of the open gear. A torsion spring is provided between the crescent claw and the pawl. The two ends of the torsion spring are in contact with the pawl and the crescent claw respectively. Under the action of the torsion spring, the crescent claw always stays away from the pawl. Its outer edge is close to the inner surface of the open gear and can rotate with the open gear. It can also rotate around the pin.

[0014] The upper clamp also includes an upper clamping ball that is fitted into a groove in the middle of the open gear. The upper clamping ball is limited by a crescent claw and can roll freely in the gap between the groove and the crescent claw.

[0015] The upper retaining ball contacts one end of the upper retaining spring, and the other end of the upper retaining spring is fixed on the plane of the groove in the middle of the open gear.

[0016] The upper clamping hydraulic motor is connected to the gear set; the upper clamping device housing has an opening on one side of the upper clamping assembly bottom plate, which corresponds to the inner cavity of the open gear.

[0017] The upper buckle housing is also equipped with a guide groove, which is installed between the opening of the upper buckle assembly base plate and the upper buckle hydraulic motor.

[0018] The positioning assembly includes a welding frame connected to one side of the fixed weldment and a fixing sleeve mounted on the welding frame. A long shaft is inserted inside the fixing sleeve, and a first ball bearing is mounted on the end of the long shaft that extends out of the fixing sleeve via a first mounting pin.

[0019] The fixed sleeve also contains a first spring, and the long shaft can compress the first spring.

[0020] The connecting seat also has a first groove on its side wall. When the connecting seat is rotated into position, the first groove engages with the first ball.

[0021] The flexible lower screen tube unit includes a sliding assembly and a screen tube booster mounted on the sliding assembly.

[0022] The upper end of the sliding assembly is connected to a clamp mounted on the feed machine body, and the lower end of the sliding assembly is connected to the end of the feed machine body.

[0023] The screen tube booster is mounted on the sliding assembly and can slide up and down along the sliding assembly.

[0024] The present invention also has the following technical features:

[0025] The sliding assembly includes a sliding guide rail, clamp mounting bases installed at both ends of the sliding guide rail, and a feed body mounting base.

[0026] The clamp mounting base is an L-shaped bent plate, including a clamp mounting base plate and a clamp mounting side plate, the clamp mounting side plate being used to connect the clamp.

[0027] The feed body mounting base is an L-shaped bent plate, including a feed body mounting base plate and a feed body mounting side plate, which is used to connect the feed body.

[0028] The two ends of the sliding guide rail are respectively installed between the clamp mounting base plate and the feed body mounting base plate.

[0029] The sliding assembly also includes a sliding cylinder mounted on the clamp mounting base plate, the sliding cylinder being connected to the screen tube booster, and the screen tube booster being sleeved on the sliding guide rail.

[0030] The screen tube booster includes a connecting plate arranged in parallel, a screen tube booster base plate, and a mounting frame installed between the connecting plate and the screen tube booster base plate.

[0031] It also includes a pair of drive wheels and a pair of driven wheels mounted on the mounting frame, the drive wheels being driven by a booster hydraulic motor mounted on the outside of the mounting frame.

[0032] The shaft end of the booster hydraulic motor is connected to the drive sprocket via a key.

[0033] The drive wheel is sleeved on the drive shaft, and the drive shaft is also connected to a driven sprocket, which is connected to the drive sprocket via a chain.

[0034] The drive shaft is mounted on a mounting bracket at both ends via bearings.

[0035] The driven wheel passes through the driven shaft and is mounted on the mounting bracket slide groove. The driven wheel is limited on both sides by snap rings, and spring clamping assemblies are screwed to both ends of the driven shaft.

[0036] The spring clamping assembly includes an upper sleeve and a lower sleeve that are fitted together. A spring is installed inside the upper sleeve and the lower sleeve. The upper sleeve is connected to the driven shaft, and the lower sleeve is connected to the bottom plate of the screen tube booster.

[0037] The chain is also equipped with a tensioning pulley.

[0038] Both the connecting plate and the bottom plate of the screen tube booster are provided with guide rail holes, and the connecting plate and the bottom plate of the screen tube booster are sleeved on the sliding guide rail through the guide rail holes.

[0039] The connecting plate is also provided with a lifting hole, which is connected to the piston rod of the sliding cylinder.

[0040] The sliding crankshaft includes a first sliding crankshaft, a second sliding crankshaft vertically connected to one side of the end of the first sliding crankshaft, and a third sliding crankshaft vertically connected to one side of the end of the second sliding crankshaft.

[0041] The upper surface of the fixed weldment is provided with a sliding groove, and the lower surface of the fixed weldment is provided with an inclined groove. The first sliding crankshaft passes through the sliding groove and connects to the connecting seat, and the third sliding crankshaft passes through the inclined groove and connects to the pressure ring.

[0042] The pull plate is rotatably connected to the first sliding crankshaft.

[0043] The welding frame includes a welding frame base plate and a first welding frame mounting plate and a second welding frame mounting plate vertically mounted on the welding frame base plate. The first welding frame mounting plate is mounted on the side of the welding frame base plate away from the fixed welding workpiece, and the second welding frame mounting plate is mounted in the middle of the welding frame base plate.

[0044] The fixing sleeve is mounted on the first welding frame mounting plate, and the long shaft passes through the first welding frame mounting plate and the second welding frame mounting plate.

[0045] A shaft pressure plate is installed at one end of the long shaft inside the fixed sleeve, and the shaft pressure plate is in contact with the first spring.

[0046] A movable sleeve is also sleeved on the long shaft. The movable sleeve includes a movable sleeve body and a sleeve cover that covers one side of the movable sleeve body. The sleeve cover is located on the side closer to the fixed sleeve.

[0047] A second spring is installed inside the movable sleeve, and a collar is installed on the portion of the long shaft located inside the movable sleeve. The second spring is located between the movable sleeve body and the collar.

[0048] The movable sleeve is located between the first welding frame mounting plate and the second welding frame mounting plate.

[0049] The welding frame base plate is also equipped with a ball sleeve, in which a third spring and a second ball are installed. The second ball is mounted on the ball sleeve by a pin. An elongated hole is opened on the side wall of the ball sleeve, and the pin is installed in the elongated hole. The second ball is in contact with the third spring.

[0050] When the movable sleeve moves, it can drive the second ball to move and compress the third spring.

[0051] The pull plate is generally L-shaped, including a first short pull plate and a first long pull plate connected vertically, wherein the length of the first short pull plate is less than the length of the first long pull plate.

[0052] The first short pull plate is connected to the piston rod of the rotary component cylinder, and the first long pull plate is connected to the first sliding crankshaft. The extension and retraction of the piston rod of the rotary component cylinder drives the first sliding crankshaft to move.

[0053] The bottom surface of the fixed weldment is also equipped with support legs.

[0054] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial technical effects of this invention are: (I) The drilling rig of the present invention, equipped with a rotatable positioning automatic threading and flexible screen lowering unit, addresses the technical shortcomings of traditional large screen lowering devices in confined working spaces by employing a compact integrated design and modular layout strategy. The rotatable positioning automatic threading unit and the flexible screen lowering unit are integrated into a single unit. By optimizing the transmission mechanism dimensions and simplifying redundant structures, the overall volume and space occupied by the threading and screen lowering devices with automatic sliding, rotation, and positioning functions are significantly reduced. This structural design can be directly adapted to various types of drilling rigs, especially meeting the operational scenarios that traditional devices cannot reach, such as narrow tunnels (width ≤ 1.5m) and large-angle (≥ 60°) inclined hole construction. It effectively overcomes the technical bottleneck of not being able to simultaneously achieve automatic threading and automatic screen lowering operations in confined spaces, expanding the application boundaries of automated screen lowering technology.

[0055] (II) The drilling rig of the present invention, equipped with a rotatable positioning automatic upper threading and flexible lower screen pipe unit, addresses the problems of high equipment complexity and poor action coordination caused by the multiple power drives in existing lower screen pipe systems. Through innovative transmission layout and structural design, it constructs a "single power source - multiple actuators" drive system: relying solely on a single hydraulic power component, and through precise matching of linkage mechanisms and stroke control components, it synchronously drives the upper threading device to complete three core actions: automatic sliding, automatic rotation, and automatic precise positioning. Compared to existing multi-power drive solutions, this design reduces the number of equipment parts by more than 35%, reduces overall weight by 25%-30%, and reduces energy consumption by 20%, while simultaneously improving action coordination accuracy and operational reliability.

[0056] (III) The drilling rig of the present invention, equipped with a rotatable positioning automatic upper-locking unit and a flexible lower-screen pipe unit, constructs an integrated linkage control system of the rotatable positioning automatic upper-locking unit, the flexible lower-screen pipe unit, and the intelligent drilling rig. This breaks the traditional mode where drilling and lowering screen pipe operations are independent and the process switching is cumbersome. Through a preset control program and real-time sensor feedback (pressure sensor, displacement sensor, proximity switch), the drilling rig can automatically switch from normal drilling to lower-screen pipe operation. After drilling to the target depth, the drilling rig's power head automatically retracts to a safe position, and the upper-locking device and the lower-screen pipe device complete the positioning and reset actions according to the preset logic. After the lower-screen pipe operation is completed, each device automatically returns to its initial position, and the drilling rig can resume drilling without manual intervention. This collaborative process reduces the drilling-screen operation switching time from the traditional 20-30 minutes to less than 10 minutes, greatly simplifying the operation process. At the same time, by reducing the borehole exposure time, the risk of borehole wall collapse can be effectively avoided, and no close-range manual operation is required throughout the process, significantly improving the safety of downhole operations and promoting the development of drilling rig equipment towards integration and intelligence. Attached Figure Description

[0057] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the drilling rig of the present invention, which has a rotatable positioning automatic upper clamp and a flexible lower screen tube unit.

[0058] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the rotatable positioning automatic buckle unit of the present invention.

[0059] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the automatic buckle assembly of the present invention.

[0060] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the upper buckle device of the present invention.

[0061] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the rotating component of the present invention.

[0062] Figure 6 This is a side view of the rotating component of the present invention.

[0063] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the positioning component of the present invention.

[0064] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the positioning component of the present invention.

[0065] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the flexible lower screen tube unit of the present invention.

[0066] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the sliding component of the present invention.

[0067] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the screen tube booster of the present invention.

[0068] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the spring clamping assembly and the driven shaft of the present invention.

[0069] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the normal drilling state of the present invention.

[0070] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the lower sieve tube state of the present invention.

[0071] The meanings of the labels in the attached diagram are as follows: 1-Rotary positioning automatic upper clamping unit, 2-Flexible lower screen tube unit, 3-Feeding body, 4-Clamper, 5-Screen tube.

[0072] 1-1-Rotating component, 1-2-Automatic buckling component, 1-3-Positioning component.

[0073] 2-1-Sliding assembly, 2-2-Screen tube booster.

[0074] 1-1-1-Fixed weldment, 1-1-2-Rotating component cylinder, 1-1-3-Pull plate, 1-1-4-Connecting seat, 1-1-5-Sliding crankshaft, 1-1-6-Pressure ring, 1-1-7-Sliding groove, 1-1-8-Inclined groove.

[0075] 1-2-1-Upper buckle assembly base plate, 1-2-2-Upper buckle device, 1-2-3-Upper buckle hydraulic motor, 1-2-4-Guide groove.

[0076] 1-3-1-Welding frame, 1-3-2-Fixing sleeve, 1-3-3-Long shaft, 1-3-4-First mounting pin, 1-3-5-First ball, 1-3-6-First spring, 1-3-7-Shaft pressure plate, 1-3-8-Moving sleeve, 1-3-9-Second spring, 1-3-10-Shaft collar, 1-3-11-Ball sleeve, 1-3-12-Third spring, 1-3-13-Second ball.

[0077] 2-1-1-Sliding guide rail, 2-1-2-Clamping device mounting base, 2-1-3-Feeding machine body mounting base, 2-1-4-Sliding hydraulic cylinder.

[0078] 2-2-1-Connecting plate, 2-2-2-Screen tube booster base plate, 2-2-3-Mounting bracket, 2-2-4-Drive wheel, 2-2-5-Driven wheel, 2-2-6-Boosting hydraulic motor, 2-2-7-Drive sprocket, 2-2-8-Drive shaft, 2-2-9-Driven sprocket, 2-2-10-Driven shaft, 2-2-11-Spring clamping assembly.

[0079] 1-1-5-1-First sliding crankshaft, 1-1-5-2-Second sliding crankshaft, 1-1-5-3-Third sliding crankshaft.

[0080] 1-2-2-1-Upper buckle housing, 1-2-2-2-Gear set, 1-2-2-3-Open gear, 1-2-2-4-Crescent claw, 1-2-2-5-Claw, 1-2-2-6-Upper buckle ball, 1-2-2-7-Upper buckle spring.

[0081] 1-3-1-1-Welding frame base plate, 1-3-1-2-First welding frame mounting plate, 1-3-1-3-Second welding frame mounting plate.

[0082] 1-3-8-1-Moving sleeve body, 1-3-8-2-Sleeve cover.

[0083] 2-1-2-1-Clamping device mounting base plate, 2-1-2-2-Clamping device mounting side plate.

[0084] 2-1-3-1-Insert the base plate into the fuselage; 2-1-3-2-Insert the side plate into the fuselage.

[0085] 2-2-11-1-Upper sleeve, 2-2-11-2-Lower sleeve.

[0086] The specific content of the present invention will be further explained in detail below with reference to the embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0087] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, all raw materials used in this invention are those known in the prior art.

[0088] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the following specific embodiments. All equivalent modifications made based on the technical solutions of this application fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0089] Example 1: A drilling rig with a rotatable positioning automatic upper clamping and flexible lower screen tube unit, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes a drilling rig, and a rotatable positioning automatic buckling unit 1 and a flexible lower screen tube unit 2 installed on the feed body 3 of the drilling rig. The rotatable positioning automatic buckling unit 1 includes a rotating component 1-1, an automatic buckling component 1-2 installed on the rotating component 1-1, and a positioning component 1-3 installed on one side of the rotating component 1-1.

[0090] like Figures 5-6As shown, the rotating component 1-1 includes a fixed weldment 1-1-1 and a rotating component cylinder 1-1-2 installed in the fixed weldment 1-1-1. A pull plate 1-1-3 is also installed on the rotating component cylinder 1-1-2.

[0091] The rotating assembly 1-1 also includes a connecting seat 1-1-4, which is located on the upper surface of the fixed weldment 1-1-1. The bottom surface of the connecting seat 1-1-4 is connected to a sliding crankshaft 1-1-5, and the other end of the sliding crankshaft 1-1-5 is connected to a pressure ring 1-1-6.

[0092] The pull plate 1-1-3 is used to drive the sliding crankshaft 1-1-5 to drive the connecting seat 1-1-4 to translate and rotate.

[0093] The pull plate 1-1-3 is rotatably connected to the sliding crankshaft 1-1-5.

[0094] like Figure 3 As shown, the automatic buckle assembly 1-2 includes a buckle assembly base plate 1-2-1, a buckle 1-2-2 mounted on one side of the upper surface of the buckle assembly base plate 1-2-1, and a buckle hydraulic motor 1-2-3 mounted on the upper surface of the buckle assembly base plate 1-2-1.

[0095] like Figure 4 As shown, the upper buckle 1-2-2 includes an upper buckle housing 1-2-2-1 and a gear set 1-2-2-2 installed in the upper buckle housing 1-2-2-1. The gear set 1-2-2-2 meshes with an open gear 1-2-2-3. The open gear 1-2-2-3 is hollow and open on one side.

[0096] The upper buckle 1-2-2 also includes a crescent claw 1-2-2-4 rotatably mounted on the inner side of the open gear 1-2-2-3 and a clasp 1-2-2-5 fixedly mounted on the inner side of the open gear 1-2-2-3. A torsion spring is provided between the crescent claw 1-2-2-4 and the clasp 1-2-2-5. The two ends of the torsion spring are in contact with the clasp 1-2-2-5 and the crescent claw 1-2-2-4 respectively. Under the action of the torsion spring, the crescent claw 1-2-2-4 always stays away from the clasp 1-2-2-5. Its outer edge is close to the inner surface of the open gear 1-2-2-3 and can rotate with the open gear. It can also rotate around the pin.

[0097] The upper buckle 1-2-2 also includes an upper buckle ball 1-2-2-6 that is fitted into the groove in the middle of the open gear 1-2-2-3. The upper buckle ball 1-2-2-6 is limited by the crescent claw 1-2-2-4 and can roll freely in the gap between the groove and the crescent claw 1-2-2-4.

[0098] The upper retaining ball 1-2-2-6 is in contact with one end of the upper retaining spring 1-2-2-7, and the other end of the upper retaining spring 1-2-2-7 is fixed on the plane of the groove in the middle of the open gear 1-2-2-3.

[0099] The upper hydraulic motor 1-2-3 is connected to the gear set 1-2-2-2.

[0100] The upper buckle housing 1-2-2-1 has an opening on one side of the upper buckle assembly base plate 1-2-1, which corresponds to the inner cavity of the open gear 1-2-2-3.

[0101] The upper buckle housing 1-2-2-1 is also equipped with a guide groove 1-2-4, which is installed between the opening of the upper buckle assembly base plate 1-2-1 and the upper buckle hydraulic motor 1-2-3.

[0102] like Figures 7-8 As shown, the positioning component 1-3 includes a welding frame 1-3-1 connected to one side of the fixed welding part 1-1-1 and a fixing sleeve 1-3-2 mounted on the welding frame 1-3-1. A long shaft 1-3-3 is inserted inside the fixing sleeve 1-3-2. A first ball bearing 1-3-5 is mounted on the end of the long shaft 1-3-3 that extends out of the fixing sleeve 1-3-2 via a first mounting pin 1-3-4.

[0103] The fixed sleeve 1-3-2 is also equipped with a first spring 1-3-6, and the long shaft 1-3-3 can compress the first spring 1-3-6.

[0104] The connecting seat 1-1-4 is also provided with a first groove on its side wall. When the connecting seat 1-1-4 is rotated into position, the first groove engages with the first ball bearing 1-3-5.

[0105] like Figures 9-10 As shown, the flexible lower screen tube unit 2 includes a sliding assembly 2-1 and a screen tube booster 2-2 mounted on the sliding assembly 2-1.

[0106] The upper end of the sliding assembly 2-1 is connected to the clamp mounted on the feed machine body, and the lower end of the sliding assembly 2-1 is connected to the end of the feed machine body.

[0107] The screen tube booster 2-2 is mounted on the sliding assembly 2-1 and can slide up and down along the sliding assembly 2-1.

[0108] like Figure 1As shown. The lower side of the sliding assembly 2-1 is screwed to the front end of the feed body 3, and the upper side of the sliding assembly 2-1 is screwed to the front end of the clamp 3. The screen tube pusher 2-2 is installed on the sliding assembly 2-1 and can slide up and down along the sliding guide rail 2-1-1 under the push of the sliding cylinders 2-1-4 on both sides. The rotatable positioning automatic locking unit 1 is screwed between the clamp 3 and the power head.

[0109] The gear set 1-2-2-2 includes a driving gear, an intermediate gear, and a driven gear. The upper hydraulic motor 1-2-3 is connected to the driving gear via a key. The intermediate gear and the driven gear are installed in the housing of the upper clamp. The open gear 1-2-2-3 engages with the boss in the housing of the upper clamp via a groove and can rotate around its own center.

[0110] The pawl 1-2-2-5 is screwed and fixed to the open gear 1-2-2-3, and rotates synchronously with the open gear. The crescent pawl 1-2-2-4 is mounted on the open gear 1-2-2-3 through a pin. A torsion spring is provided between the crescent pawl 1-2-2-4 and the pawl 1-2-2-5. The two ends of the torsion spring are in contact with the pawl 1-2-2-5 and the crescent pawl 1-2-2-4 respectively. Under the action of the torsion spring, the crescent pawl 1-2-2-4 always stays away from the pawl 1-2-2-5. Its outer edge is close to the inner surface of the open gear 1-2-2-3, and it can rotate with the open gear 1-2-2-3. It can also rotate around the pin.

[0111] The upper retaining ball 1-2-2-6 is fitted into the groove in the middle of the open gear 1-2-2-3 and is limited by the crescent claw 1-2-2-4, allowing it to roll freely in the gap between the groove and the crescent claw 1-2-2-4; one end of the upper retaining spring 1-2-2-7 is fixed on the plane of the groove in the middle of the open gear 1-2-2-3, and the other end extends and retracts freely.

[0112] During operation, the upper hydraulic motor 1-2-3 drives the drive gear to rotate. The drive gear is transmitted through the intermediate gear and the driven gear in sequence, which in turn drives the open gear 1-2-2-3 to rotate.

[0113] When the open gear 1-2-2-3 rotates clockwise, the upper locking ball 1-2-2-6 moves away from the upper locking spring 1-2-2-7 and is positioned in the narrow gap above the groove. During the clockwise rotation of the open gear 1-2-2-3, it pushes the upper locking ball 1-2-2-6 to squeeze the crescent claw 1-2-2-4, causing the crescent claw 1-2-2-4 to rotate counterclockwise around the pin, clamping the screen tube 5. The crescent claw 1-2-2-4 then rotates clockwise along with the open gear 1-2-2-3, causing the screen tube 5 to rotate synchronously to complete the locking. When the open gear 1-2-2-3 rotates counterclockwise, the upper locking ball 1-2-2-6 moves closer to the upper locking spring 1-2-2-7 and is positioned in the wide gap below the groove. The upper locking ball 1-2-2-6 no longer squeezes the crescent claw 1-2-2-4, which resets under the restoring force of the torsion spring, releasing the screen tube 5.

[0114] This application's solution reduces overall volume by optimizing the transmission mechanism size and simplifying redundant structures, making it adaptable to various drilling rigs and confined scenarios such as narrow tunnels (width ≤ 1.5m) and large-angle (≥ 60°) inclined holes. It innovatively constructs a "single power source - multiple actuators" drive system, relying on a single hydraulic power component, matched with a linkage mechanism and stroke control components, to synchronously drive the upper threaded device to complete sliding, rotation, and precise positioning. Compared to traditional multi-power solutions, this reduces the number of parts by more than 35%, weight by 25%-30%, and energy consumption by 20%. An integrated linkage control system is established between the device and the intelligent drilling rig, combining preset programs with real-time feedback from pressure, displacement sensors, and proximity switches to achieve automatic switching between drilling and screen operations, reducing switching time from 20-30 minutes to less than 10 minutes.

[0115] As a preferred embodiment: like Figure 10 As shown, the sliding assembly 2-1 includes a sliding guide rail 2-1-1, a clamping device mounting base 2-1-2 installed at both ends of the sliding guide rail 2-1-1, and a feed body mounting base 2-1-3.

[0116] The clamp mounting base 2-1-2 is an L-shaped bent plate, including a clamp mounting base plate 2-1-2-1 and a clamp mounting side plate 2-1-2-2, which is used to connect the clamp.

[0117] The feed body mounting base 2-1-3 is an L-shaped bent plate, including a feed body mounting base plate 2-1-3-1 and a feed body mounting side plate 2-1-3-2. The feed body mounting side plate 2-1-3-2 is used to connect the feed body.

[0118] The two ends of the sliding guide rail 2-1-1 are respectively installed between the clamp mounting base plate 2-1-2-1 and the feed body mounting base plate 2-1-3-1.

[0119] The sliding assembly 2-1 also includes a sliding cylinder 2-1-4 mounted on the clamp mounting base plate 2-1-2-1. The sliding cylinder 2-1-4 is connected to the screen tube booster 2-2, which is sleeved on the sliding guide rail 2-1-1.

[0120] like Figure 10 As shown, the sliding assembly 2-1 consists of a feed body mounting base 2-1-3, a clamp mounting base 2-1-2, a sliding guide rail 2-1-1, and a sliding cylinder 2-1-4.

[0121] The feed body mounting base 2-1-3 is screwed onto the drill rig body, and the clamp mounting base 2-1-2 is screwed onto the drill rig clamp. The guide rails on both sides pass through the feed body mounting base 2-1-3 and the clamp mounting base 2-1-2 in sequence and are fixedly screwed onto them.

[0122] The base of the sliding cylinder 2-1-4 is screwed onto the feed machine mounting base 2-1-3, and the sliding assembly 2-1 is in a fixed state. The screen tube booster 2-2 is connected to the sliding guide rails 2-1-1 on both sides of the sliding assembly 2-1. The piston rod of the sliding cylinder 2-1-4 is screwed onto the screen tube booster 2-2. Under the push of the sliding cylinders 2-1-4 on both sides, the screen tube booster 2-2 can slide up and down along the sliding guide rails 2-1-1.

[0123] As a preferred embodiment: like Figures 11-12 As shown, the screen tube booster 2-2 includes a connecting plate 2-2-1 arranged in parallel, a screen tube booster base plate 2-2-2, and a mounting bracket 2-2-3 installed between the connecting plate 2-2-1 and the screen tube booster base plate 2-2-2.

[0124] It also includes a pair of drive wheels 2-2-4 and a pair of driven wheels 2-2-5 mounted on the mounting bracket 2-2-3, wherein the drive wheels 2-2-4 are driven by a booster hydraulic motor 2-2-6 mounted on the outside of the mounting bracket 2-2-3.

[0125] The shaft end of the booster hydraulic motor 2-2-6 is connected to the drive sprocket 2-2-7 via a key.

[0126] The drive wheel 2-2-4 is sleeved on the drive shaft 2-2-8, and the drive shaft 2-2-8 is also connected to the driven sprocket 2-2-9. The driven sprocket 2-2-9 is connected to the drive sprocket 2-2-7 through a chain.

[0127] The drive shaft 2-2-8 is mounted on the mounting bracket 2-2-3 at both ends via bearings.

[0128] The driven wheel 2-2-5 passes through the driven shaft 2-2-10 and is mounted on the slide groove of the mounting bracket 2-2-3. The driven wheel 2-2-5 is limited on both sides by snap rings. The driven shaft 2-2-10 is screwed with spring clamping components 2-2-11 at both ends.

[0129] The spring clamping assembly 2-2-11 includes an upper sleeve 2-2-11-1 and a lower sleeve 2-2-11-2 that are sleeved together. A spring is installed inside the upper sleeve 2-2-11-1 and the lower sleeve 2-2-11-2. The upper sleeve 2-2-11-1 is connected to the driven shaft 2-2-10, and the lower sleeve 2-2-11-2 is connected to the bottom plate 2-2-2 of the screen tube booster. There is a clamping bolt inside the lower sleeve 2-2-11-2, and the initial preload of the spring can be adjusted by the bottom clamping bolt.

[0130] The chain is also equipped with a tensioning pulley.

[0131] Both the connecting plate 2-2-1 and the screen tube booster base plate 2-2-2 are provided with guide rail holes, and the connecting plate 2-2-1 and the screen tube booster base plate 2-2-2 are sleeved on the sliding guide rail 2-1-1 through the guide rail holes.

[0132] The connecting plate 2-2-1 is also provided with a lifting hole, which is connected to the piston rod of the sliding cylinder 2-1-4.

[0133] The booster hydraulic motor 2-2-6 is fixed to the mounting bracket 2-2-3 by screws, and the shaft end of the booster hydraulic motor 2-2-6 is connected to the drive sprocket 2-2-7 by a key.

[0134] Two rows of drive wheels 2-2-4 and driven wheels 2-2-5 are symmetrically mounted on the lower side of the booster hydraulic motor 2-2-6. Bearings are embedded in both sides of the drive wheels 2-2-4. The drive wheels 2-2-4, retaining rings, and driven sprockets 2-2-9 pass through the drive shaft 2-2-8 and are mounted on the mounting bracket 2-2-3. The drive shaft 2-2-8 is covered by bearing end caps with embedded bearings on both sides of the mounting bracket 2-2-3 by screws.

[0135] Bearings are embedded in both sides of the driven wheel 2-2-5. The driven wheel 2-2-5 passes through the driven shaft 2-2-10 and is mounted on the slide groove of the mounting bracket 2-2-3. The driven wheel 2-2-5 is limited by snap rings on both sides.

[0136] Spring clamping assemblies 2-2-11 are screwed to both ends of the driven shaft 2-2-10, employing an automatic spring-adjustable clamping force. The driven shaft 2-2-10 is bolted to the upper sleeve 2-2-11-1, and the lower sleeve 2-2-11-2 is fitted to the bottom of the screen tube booster base plate 2-2-2. A clamping bolt is located inside the lower sleeve 2-2-11-2; the initial preload of the spring can be adjusted via this bottom clamping bolt to meet the initial clamping force of the screen tube. The tension wheel is used to adjust the chain tension.

[0137] Considering the automation level of the screen tube booster, the booster device uses chain drive, employing upper and lower sets of rollers to clamp the intermediate screen tube. The initial preload of the spring is adjusted by adjusting the bottom clamping bolt of the spring clamping assembly 2-2-11, thereby adjusting the clamping force of the intermediate screen tube. The driven shaft 2-2-10 is initially positioned at the upper end of the U-shaped grooves on both sides.

[0138] During operation, the booster hydraulic motor 2-2-6 drives the chain on the drive sprocket 2-2-7 to mesh with the two sets of driven sprockets 2-2-9, thereby driving the two sets of drive wheels 2-2-4 to rotate. This, combined with the two sets of driven wheels 2-2-10, transports the screen tube.

[0139] Simultaneously, the two driven wheels 2-2-10 move under the elastic force of the spring clamping components 2-2-11 on both sides, thereby changing the opening amount of the upper and lower rollers. The size of the opening amount is determined by the size of the sliding grooves on both sides of the driven shaft 2-2-10 and the elastic force of the spring clamping components 2-2-11, which can meet the passage requirements of various specifications of screen tubes. Considering the use of roller clamping, the roller groove design size covers the outer diameter of various specifications of screen tubes to increase the contact area between the roller and the screen tube. In addition, the drive wheel 2-2-4 and the driven wheel 2-2-5 are coated with rubber and designed with patterns to increase the friction with the screen tube.

[0140] As a preferred embodiment: like Figure 6 As shown, the sliding crankshaft 1-1-5 includes a first sliding crankshaft 1-1-5-1, a second sliding crankshaft 1-1-5-2 vertically connected to one side of the end of the first sliding crankshaft 1-1-5-1, and a third sliding crankshaft 1-1-5-3 vertically connected to one side of the end of the second sliding crankshaft 1-1-5-2.

[0141] The upper surface of the fixed weldment 1-1-1 is provided with a sliding groove 1-1-7, and the lower surface of the fixed weldment 1-1-1 is provided with an inclined groove 1-1-8. The first sliding crankshaft 1-1-5-1 passes through the sliding groove 1-1-7 and is connected to the connecting seat 1-1-4. The third sliding crankshaft 1-1-5-3 passes through the inclined groove 1-1-8 and is connected to the pressure ring 1-1-6.

[0142] The pull plate 1-1-3 is rotatably connected to the first sliding crankshaft 1-1-5-1.

[0143] Considering that the booster is used in conjunction with the drilling rig and to minimize manual adjustment, a set of rotating components that can rotate 90° was designed.

[0144] The fixed weldment 1-1-1 is seated in the middle of the feed machine body by a set screw. The upper surface of the fixed weldment 1-1-1 is designed with a sliding groove 1-1-7 and a pull plate guide surface, and the lower surface is designed with an inclined groove 1-1-8. The connecting seat 1-1-4 is installed on the upper end of the fixed weldment 1-1-1. The upper end of the connecting seat 1-1-4 is screwed to the screen tube booster 2-2, and the lower end is screwed to the sliding crankshaft 1-1-5. The bottom end of the sliding crankshaft 1-1-5 is screwed to the pressure ring 1-1-6. The sliding crankshaft 1-1-5 is held in the middle of the fixed weldment 1-1-1 by the pressure ring 1-1-6 and the connecting seat 1-1-4. The upper end of the sliding crankshaft 1-1-5 is nested with the pull plate 1-1-3. The other end of the pull plate 1-1-3 is screwed to the piston rod of the rotating component cylinder 1-1-2. The base of the rotating component cylinder 1-1-2 is screwed to the bottom surface of the fixed weldment 1-1-1.

[0145] During operation, the piston rod of the rotary component cylinder 1-1-2 extends, driving the pull plate 1-1-3 to move along the guide surface. The pull plate 1-1-3 then pulls the sliding crankshaft 1-1-5 to slide along the inclined groove at the bottom of the fixed weldment 1-1-1. Since the sliding direction of the pull plate 1-1-3 remains unchanged, and the bottom end of the sliding crankshaft 1-1-5 is stuck in the fixed inclined groove, when the pull plate 1-1-3 is pushed by the rotary component cylinder 1-1-2, the sliding crankshaft 1-1-5 and the booster connecting seat 1-1-4 will rotate around the hinge point between the sliding crankshaft 1-1-5 and the pull plate 1-1-3 until the stroke of the rotary component cylinder 1-1-2 ends. At this time, the connecting seat 1-1-4 has rotated 90°. The horizontal and rotational movements are achieved simultaneously through a single driving component, resulting in a compact structure and effectively reducing costs.

[0146] As a preferred embodiment: like Figures 7-8 As shown, the welding frame 1-3-1 includes a welding frame base plate 1-3-1-1 and a first welding frame mounting plate 1-3-1-2 and a second welding frame mounting plate 1-3-1-3 vertically mounted on the welding frame base plate 1-3-1-1. The first welding frame mounting plate 1-3-1-2 is mounted on the side of the welding frame base plate 1-3-1-1 away from the fixed weldment 1-1-1, and the second welding frame mounting plate 1-3-1-3 is mounted in the middle of the welding frame base plate 1-3-1-1.

[0147] The fixed sleeve 1-3-2 is installed on the first welding frame mounting plate 1-3-1-2, and the long shaft 1-3-3 passes through the first welding frame mounting plate 1-3-1-2 and the second welding frame mounting plate 1-3-1-3.

[0148] The long shaft 1-3-3 is equipped with a shaft pressure plate 1-3-7 at one end inside the fixed sleeve 1-3-2, and the shaft pressure plate 1-3-7 is in contact with the first spring 1-3-6.

[0149] As a preferred embodiment: like Figures 7-8 As shown, a movable sleeve 1-3-8 is also sleeved on the long shaft 1-3-3. The movable sleeve 1-3-8 includes a movable sleeve body 1-3-8-1 and a sleeve cover 1-3-8-2 that covers one side of the movable sleeve body 1-3-8-1. The sleeve cover 1-3-8-2 is located on the side close to the fixed sleeve 1-3-2.

[0150] A second spring 1-3-9 is installed inside the movable sleeve 1-3-8, and a collar 1-3-10 is installed on the portion of the long shaft 1-3-3 located inside the movable sleeve 1-3-8. The second spring 1-3-9 is located between the movable sleeve body 1-3-8-1 and the collar 1-3-10.

[0151] The movable sleeve 1-3-8 is located between the first welding frame mounting plate 1-3-1-2 and the second welding frame mounting plate 1-3-1-3.

[0152] As a preferred embodiment: like Figures 7-8 As shown, a ball sleeve 1-3-11 is also installed on the welding frame base plate 1-3-1-1. A third spring 1-3-12 and a second ball 1-3-13 are installed inside the ball sleeve 1-3-11. The second ball 1-3-13 is mounted on the ball sleeve 1-3-11 by a pin. An elongated hole is opened on the side wall of the ball sleeve 1-3-11, and the pin is installed in the elongated hole. The second ball 1-3-13 is in contact with the third spring 1-3-12.

[0153] When the movable sleeve 1-3-8 moves, it can drive the second ball bearing 1-3-13 to move and compress the third spring 1-3-12.

[0154] Considering that the upper fastening device is used in conjunction with the drilling rig, especially to prevent tipping when threading the screen pipe at a large angle upward hole, a set of positioning component structures was designed.

[0155] Installation method under no external force: Figure 8As shown, the welding frame 1-3-1 is screwed to the fixed welding part 1-1-1. The long shaft 1-3-3 passes through the welding frame 1-3-1, the movable sleeve 1-3-8, the second spring 1-3-9, and the collar 1-3-10 in sequence. The sleeve cover 1-3-8-2 is installed on the welding frame 1-3-1. One end of the long shaft 1-3-3 has a pin hole. The first ball bearing 1-3-5 is fixedly installed on one end of the long shaft 1-3-3 by the first mounting pin 1-3-4 and the cotter pin. The first ball bearing 1-3-5 can rotate around the first mounting pin 1-3-4.

[0156] The other end of the long shaft 1-3-3 is screwed to the shaft pressure plate 1-3-7; a collar 1-3-10 is fixedly installed in the middle section of the long shaft 1-3-3, and the collar 1-3-10 is fixed relative to the long shaft 1-3-3. The movable sleeve 1-3-8 and the sleeve cover 1-3-8-2 are screwed together and pass through the long shaft 1-3-3, and can move along the axial direction of the long shaft. A second spring 1-3-9 is installed inside the movable sleeve 1-3-8, and the second spring 1-3-9 has an initial pressure. Under no external force, this initial pressure makes the collar 1-3-10 always in contact with the movable sleeve cover 1-3-8-2, that is, under no external force, the movable sleeve 1-3-8 and the sleeve cover 1-3-8-2 are always stationary relative to the long shaft 1-3-3.

[0157] The fixed sleeve 1-3-2 is screwed onto the welding frame 1-3-1. The first spring 1-3-6 is installed between the shaft pressure plate 1-3-7 and the fixed sleeve 1-3-2. The second spring 1-3-9 is installed in the ball sleeve 1-3-11. The upper end of the ball sleeve 1-3-11 is engraved with a U-shaped closed groove, through which the second ball 1-3-13 can pass through the pin and be fixed on the ball sleeve 1-3-11. The second ball 1-3-13 can move up and down along the U-shaped closed groove by pressing the second spring 1-3-9, and can also rotate with the pin.

[0158] When the first ball bearing 1-3-5 end of the long shaft 1-3-3 is subjected to compressive force, the long shaft 1-3-3, the collar 1-3-10, and the shaft pressure plate 1-3-7 move to the right simultaneously. At this time, the collar 1-3-10 pushes the sleeve cover 1-3-8-2 and the movable sleeve 1-3-8 to the right to contact the welding frame 1-3-1. During the movement, the movable sleeve 1-3-8 compresses the second ball bearing 1-3-13, moves downward along the U-shaped closed groove, and compresses the second spring 1-3-9. At the same time, the shaft pressure plate 1-3-7 at the other end of the long shaft moves to the right and compresses the first spring 1-3-6. When the compressive force at the first ball bearing 1-3-5 end of the long shaft disappears, the shaft pressure plate 1-3-7 moves to the right. The reaction force of spring 1-3-6 drives the long shaft 1-3-3 and the collar 1-3-10 to move to the left, while compressing the second spring 1-3-9. When the long shaft 1-3-3, the shaft pressure plate 1-3-7 and the collar 1-3-10 just begin to move a small distance to the left, the collar 1-3-10 separates from the movable sleeve cover 1-3-8-2. Although the collar 1-3-10 compresses the second spring 1-3-9, the thrust of the second spring 1-3-9 pushing the movable sleeve 1-3-8 to the left is not enough to compress the second ball 1-3-13. Therefore, the movable sleeve 1-3-8 is stuck on the right side of the second ball 1-3-13 and the welding bracket 1-3-1 and stops moving. As the leftward movement distance of the long shaft 1-3-3, shaft pressure plate 1-3-7, and shaft collar 1-3-10 gradually increases, the elastic force on the second spring 1-3-9 also gradually increases until the second ball 1-3-13 is compressed and moved downward at a certain moment. The elastic force of the second spring 1-3-9 will be suddenly released, and the moving sleeve 1-3-8 and sleeve cover 1-3-8-2 will quickly move to the left side of the second ball 1-3-13 until they return to their initial state.

[0159] As a preferred embodiment: The pull plate 1-1-3 is generally L-shaped, including a first short pull plate and a first long pull plate that are vertically connected, and the length of the first short pull plate is less than the length of the first long pull plate.

[0160] The first short pull plate is connected to the piston rod of the rotary component cylinder 1-1-2, and the first long pull plate is connected to the first sliding crankshaft 1-1-5-1. The extension and retraction of the piston rod of the rotary component cylinder 1-1-2 drives the first sliding crankshaft 1-1-5-1 to move.

[0161] The fixed welding component 1-1-1 is also equipped with a support leg 1-1-9 on its bottom surface.

[0162] Example 2: Use in conjunction with drilling rigs: The rotatable positioning automatic upper clamping unit 1 and the flexible lower screen tube unit 2 of this application can be used in conjunction with a fully hydraulic tunnel drilling rig. The rotatable positioning automatic upper clamping unit 1 is mounted on the feed body 3 by a set screw, so that the rotatable positioning automatic upper clamping unit 1 is located on the side of the power head; the flexible lower screen tube unit 2 is screwed to the front end of the feed body 3, so that it is positioned between the clamp 4 and the orifice device.

[0163] During normal drilling, such as Figure 13 As shown, the rotatable positioning automatic buckle unit 1 is located on one side of the power head, and the flexible lower screen tube unit 2 is in the starting position, that is, below the axis of the power head through hole. The power head slides back and forth along the feed body 3. When it slides close to the clamp 4, the power head will squeeze the positioning component 1-3 to put it in a compressed state. When the power head moves away from the clamp 4, the positioning component 1-3 automatically returns to the initial state.

[0164] When lowering the sieve tube, if Figure 14 As shown, the power head is in a position away from the clamp 4. At this time, the rotating component cylinder 1-1-2 extends, driving the automatic locking component 1-2 to slide and rotate between the power head and the clamp 4. Simultaneously, when the positioning component 1-3 contacts the rotating component connecting seat, it will continuously and automatically adjust the compression and recovery state until the first ball bearing 1-3-5 at the end of the long shaft 1-3-3 is engaged in the groove of the rotating component connecting seat. At the same time, the screen tube booster 2-2, pushed by the sliding cylinders 2-1-4 on both sides, rises along the sliding guide rail 2-1-1 to a height coaxial with the opening of the power head and the clamp 4. The screen tube 5 is fed in through the rear end hole of the power head, and is quickly transported to the bottom of the hole by passing through the automatic locking component 1-2 and the flexible lower screen tube unit 2 in sequence. The hydraulic source of this device can be drawn from the original hydraulic system of the tunnel drilling rig. After the screen pipe completion is completed, the automatic upper clamping component 1-2 is slid to one side of the power head by rotating component 1-1, and at the same time, the screen pipe booster 2-2 is lowered to the initial position by sliding component 2-1, so that drilling can proceed normally. The whole process is completed automatically by the hydraulic system without the need for manual disassembly and intervention, which improves drilling and hole protection efficiency and ensures the safety of downhole personnel.

[0165] Fault diagnosis and fault-tolerant control This system's fault diagnosis uses "data acquisition - threshold comparison - logical judgment - source tracing" as its core logic. Based on the original hydraulic system parameters of the fully hydraulic tunnel drilling rig, it adds pressure sensors, displacement sensors, proximity switches, and speed sensors to construct a multi-dimensional monitoring network. By collecting real-time data on hydraulic circuit pressure, displacement of each actuator, component positioning status, and power head operating parameters, combined with preset thresholds and logical relationships, it achieves accurate fault identification and location. The specific method is as follows: Sensor deployment scheme (1) Pressure sensors: Pressure sensors (numbered P1-P6) are installed in the rodless chamber of the rotating component cylinder 1-1-2, the rodless chamber and rod chamber of the sliding cylinder 2-1-4, the reset circuit of the first spring 1-3-6, and the booster hydraulic motor 2-2-6 respectively to monitor the pressure changes when the actuator moves; a pressure sensor P7 is added to the main hydraulic circuit of the system to be associated with the main pressure of the system.

[0166] (2) Displacement sensor: Install linear displacement sensors (numbered S1-S2) at the fixed weldment 1-1-1 and the sliding guide rail 2-1-1 to monitor the rotation and sliding position of the upper fastening component 1-2 and the lifting height of the screen tube booster 2-2 in real time; install displacement sensor S3 at the end of the compression stroke of the positioning component 1-3 to monitor the extension and retraction status of the positioning component 1-3.

[0167] (3) Auxiliary monitoring elements: A proximity switch K1 is installed in the groove of the connecting seat 1-1-4 to detect the engagement state of the first ball 1-3-5; a proximity switch K2 is installed at the relative position of the power head and the clamp 4 to monitor the initial and working positions of the power head; a speed sensor T1 is installed at the shaft of the self-locking hydraulic motor 1-2-3 to monitor the stability of the rotation action.

[0168] Typical Fault Diagnosis Process 1. Malfunction of the upper buckle device due to rotational slippage: (1) Fault phenomenon: After the lower screen tube command is issued, the upper clamping device does not slide from the power head side to the clamping device, or it gets stuck during the rotation and sliding process.

[0169] (2) Diagnostic logic: If the pressure of sensor P1 (rotary component cylinder 1-1-2) is lower than the preset threshold (e.g., 3MPa) and the displacement sensor S1 does not change, first check the hydraulic source pressure of the tunnel drilling rig (confirmed by P7). If P7 is normal, it is determined that the oil inlet pipeline of the rotary component cylinder 1-1-2 is blocked or the solenoid directional valve is stuck. If P7 is lower than the standard value (e.g., 10MPa), it is a fault in the main hydraulic system of the drilling rig.

[0170] If the P1 pressure spikes instantaneously (e.g., exceeds 6MPa) and the S1 value fluctuates (stutters), it indicates that the rotating component is stuck, and the machine needs to be stopped to check the mechanical jamming point.

[0171] If P1 data is normal but S1 has not reached the target position (between the power head and the gripper), the proximity switch K1 will provide feedback to determine whether the positioning component has engaged prematurely, causing the stroke to terminate.

[0172] 2. Positioning component jamming failure (1) Fault phenomenon: After the upper buckle device 1-2 slides to the target area, the first ball 1-3-5 is not locked into the groove of the connecting seat 1-1-4, or it cannot be disengaged after being locked.

[0173] (2) Diagnostic logic: If the proximity switch K1 is not triggered, the displacement sensor S3 shows that the positioning component is not fully extended (the value is lower than the preset value of 50mm), and the value of P5 (the reset circuit pressure of the positioning component spring 3) is higher than the preset minimum value. It is determined that the moving sleeve is stuck or the ball 2 is stuck. It is necessary to disassemble and check the internal wear of the component.

[0174] If the ball cannot be disengaged after engagement, and the pressure of P5 remains at the preset minimum value (e.g., 1 MPa), then the ball 2 is stuck.

[0175] If the S3 indicator shows that the component has extended but K1 is not triggered, check if the position of the rotating component connector groove is offset (in conjunction with the S1 positioning data), or if the K1 proximity switch is damaged.

[0176] 3. Screen tube booster lifting and conveying malfunction (1) Fault phenomenon: The screen tube booster 2-2 does not rise to the coaxial height, or the screen tube conveyor slips or gets stuck after rising and cannot reach the bottom of the hole.

[0177] (2) Diagnostic logic: If the displacement sensor S2 does not reach the target height (aligned with the axis of the power head), and P2 and P3 (pressures of the cylinders on both sides of the booster) are inconsistent (the difference exceeds 3MPa), it is judged that there is leakage in one side of the cylinder or that the oil circuit throttle valve is unbalanced; if P2 and P3 are both below the threshold, check the electromagnetic reversing valve of the booster lifting oil circuit and the pressure of the hydraulic source branch.

[0178] If the booster is in the correct position but the screen tube is slipping, monitor the change in the hydraulic motor pressure P6 of the lower screen tube device. If P6 is normal, check whether the flexible conveying device (spring clamping assembly) inside the lower screen tube device is deformed or malfunctioning, resulting in insufficient clamping force for holding the screen tube.

[0179] If the booster is in the correct position but the screen tube is stuck, monitor the change in the hydraulic motor pressure P6 of the lower screen tube device. If P6 rises instantaneously and the screen tube conveying speed drops sharply, the hole is blocked, and the conveying should be stopped immediately.

[0180] 4. System reset failure (1) Fault phenomenon: After the screen pipe is completed, the upper buckle device does not slide back to the power head side, or the booster does not descend to the initial position.

[0181] (2) Diagnostic logic: If the upper buckle device is not reset, S1 is not returned to the initial value, and P1 pressure is reversed (rod chamber pressure) is abnormal, check whether the rotary component cylinder reversing valve is working properly, or whether there is foreign object stuck in the sliding guide rail; if the booster is not reset, S2 is abnormal and P4 (booster rod chamber pressure) is insufficient, check whether the lifting oil circuit return oil line is unobstructed.

[0182] If neither resets and the main system pressure P7 is normal, check whether the control circuit signal is transmitted properly and investigate whether the feedback of proximity switch K2 (power head position) is abnormal, causing the system to misjudge.

[0183] 5. Fault early warning and self-protection mechanism The system has two preset warning thresholds. When the data collected by the sensor approaches the lower / upper limit of the threshold, the control module issues an audible and visual warning. When the data exceeds the threshold, the system automatically cuts off the hydraulic oil circuit of the corresponding actuator, the power head stops moving, and the fault code is displayed on the operation panel to guide the maintenance direction.

[0184] This system's fault diagnosis is based on the core logic of "data acquisition - threshold comparison - logical judgment - location and tracing". It utilizes the existing hydraulic system parameters of the fully hydraulic tunnel drilling rig and adds pressure sensors, displacement sensors, proximity switches, and other sensors to construct a multi-dimensional monitoring network. By collecting real-time data on hydraulic circuit pressure, displacement of each actuator, component positioning status, and power head operating parameters, combined with preset thresholds and logical relationships, it achieves accurate fault identification and location.

[0185] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention without creative effort are covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A drilling rig with a rotatable positioning automatic upper clamping unit and a flexible lower screen tube unit, comprising a drilling rig, and a rotatable positioning automatic upper clamping unit (1) and a flexible lower screen tube unit (2) mounted on the feed body of the drilling rig, characterized in that, The rotatable positioning automatic buckle unit (1) includes a rotating component (1-1), an automatic buckle component (1-2) mounted on the rotating component (1-1), and a positioning component (1-3) mounted on one side of the rotating component (1-1). The rotating component (1-1) includes a fixed weldment (1-1-1) and a rotating component cylinder (1-1-2) installed in the fixed weldment (1-1-1). A pull plate (1-1-3) is also installed on the rotating component cylinder (1-1-2). The rotating assembly (1-1) further includes a connecting seat (1-1-4), which is located on the upper surface of the fixed weldment (1-1-1). A sliding crankshaft (1-1-5) is connected to the bottom surface of the connecting seat (1-1-4), and a pressure ring (1-1-6) is connected to the other end of the sliding crankshaft (1-1-5). The pull plate (1-1-3) is used to drive the sliding crankshaft (1-1-5) to drive the connecting seat (1-1-4) to translate and rotate; The pull plate (1-1-3) is rotatably connected to the sliding crankshaft (1-1-5); The automatic buckle assembly (1-2) includes a buckle assembly base plate (1-2-1), a buckle device (1-2-2) installed on one side of the upper surface of the buckle assembly base plate (1-2-1), and a buckle hydraulic motor (1-2-3) installed on the upper surface of the buckle assembly base plate (1-2-1). The upper buckle (1-2-2) includes an upper buckle housing (1-2-2-1) and a gear set (1-2-2-2) installed inside the upper buckle housing (1-2-2-1). The gear set (1-2-2-2) meshes with an open gear (1-2-2-3). The open gear (1-2-2-3) is hollow and open on one side. The upper buckle (1-2-2) further includes a crescent claw (1-2-2-4) rotatably mounted inside the open gear (1-2-2-3) and a clasp (1-2-2-5) fixedly mounted inside the open gear (1-2-2-3). A torsion spring is provided between the crescent claw (1-2-2-4) and the clasp (1-2-2-5). The two ends of the torsion spring are in contact with the clasp (1-2-2-5) and the crescent claw (1-2-2-4) respectively. The crescent claw (1-2-2-4) always remains away from the clasp (1-2-2-5). The upper buckle (1-2-2) further includes an upper buckle ball (1-2-2-6) that is fitted into a groove in the middle of the open gear (1-2-2-3). The upper buckle ball (1-2-2-6) is limited by a crescent claw (1-2-2-4), and the upper buckle ball (1-2-2-6) can roll freely in the gap between the groove and the crescent claw (1-2-2-4). The upper retaining ball (1-2-2-6) is in contact with one end of the upper retaining spring (1-2-2-7), and the other end of the upper retaining spring (1-2-2-7) is fixed on the plane of the groove in the middle of the open gear (1-2-2-3). The upper hydraulic motor (1-2-3) is connected to the gear set (1-2-2-2). The upper buckle housing (1-2-2-1) has an opening on the side opposite to the bottom plate (1-2-1) of the upper buckle assembly, the position of which corresponds to the inner cavity of the open gear (1-2-2-3); The upper buckle housing (1-2-2-1) is also equipped with a guide groove (1-2-4), which is installed between the opening of the upper buckle assembly base plate (1-2-1) and the upper buckle hydraulic motor (1-2-3); The positioning assembly (1-3) includes a welding frame (1-3-1) connected to one side of the fixed weldment (1-1-1) and a fixing sleeve (1-3-2) mounted on the welding frame (1-3-1). A long shaft (1-3-3) is inserted inside the fixing sleeve (1-3-2). A first ball bearing (1-3-5) is mounted on the end of a section of the long shaft (1-3-3) that extends out of the fixing sleeve (1-3-2) via a first mounting pin (1-3-4). The fixed sleeve (1-3-2) is also equipped with a first spring (1-3-6), and the long shaft (1-3-3) can compress the first spring (1-3-6). The connecting seat (1-1-4) is also provided with a first groove on its side wall. When the connecting seat (1-1-4) is rotated into position, the first groove engages with the first ball (1-3-5). The flexible lower screen tube unit (2) includes a sliding assembly (2-1) and a screen tube booster (2-2) mounted on the sliding assembly (2-1). The upper end of the sliding assembly (2-1) is connected to the clamp mounted on the feed machine body, and the lower end of the sliding assembly (2-1) is connected to the end of the feed machine body. The screen tube booster (2-2) is mounted on the sliding assembly (2-1) and can slide up and down along the sliding assembly (2-1).

2. The drilling rig with a rotatable positioning automatic upper clamp and flexible lower screen tube unit as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The sliding assembly (2-1) includes a sliding guide rail (2-1-1), a clamping device mounting base (2-1-2) installed at both ends of the sliding guide rail (2-1-1), and a feed body mounting base (2-1-3). The clamp mounting base (2-1-2) is an L-shaped bent plate, including a clamp mounting base plate (2-1-2-1) and a clamp mounting side plate (2-1-2-2). The clamp mounting side plate (2-1-2-2) is used to connect the clamp. The feed body mounting base (2-1-3) is an L-shaped bent plate, including a feed body mounting base plate (2-1-3-1) and a feed body mounting side plate (2-1-3-2). The feed body mounting side plate (2-1-3-2) is used to connect the feed body. The two ends of the sliding guide rail (2-1-1) are respectively installed between the clamp mounting base plate (2-1-2-1) and the feed machine body mounting base plate (2-1-3-1); The sliding assembly (2-1) further includes a sliding cylinder (2-1-4) mounted on the clamp mounting base plate (2-1-2-1). The sliding cylinder (2-1-4) is connected to the screen tube booster (2-2), and the screen tube booster (2-2) is sleeved on the sliding guide rail (2-1-1).

3. The drilling rig with a rotatable positioning automatic upper clamp and flexible lower screen tube unit as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The screen tube booster (2-2) includes a connecting plate (2-2-1) arranged in parallel, a screen tube booster base plate (2-2-2), and a mounting bracket (2-2-3) installed between the connecting plate (2-2-1) and the screen tube booster base plate (2-2-2). It also includes a pair of drive wheels (2-2-4) and a pair of driven wheels (2-2-5) mounted on the mounting bracket (2-2-3), wherein the drive wheels (2-2-4) are driven by a booster hydraulic motor (2-2-6) mounted on the outside of the mounting bracket (2-2-3); The shaft end of the aforementioned booster hydraulic motor (2-2-6) is connected to the drive sprocket (2-2-7) via a key. The drive wheel (2-2-4) is sleeved on the drive shaft (2-2-8), and the drive shaft (2-2-8) is also connected to a driven sprocket (2-2-9). The driven sprocket (2-2-9) is connected to the drive sprocket (2-2-7) via a chain. The drive shaft (2-2-8) is mounted on the mounting bracket (2-2-3) at both ends via bearings; The driven wheel (2-2-5) passes through the driven shaft (2-2-10) and is mounted on the slide groove of the mounting bracket (2-2-3). The driven wheel (2-2-5) is limited on both sides by snap rings. Spring clamping assemblies (2-2-11) are screwed to both ends of the driven shaft (2-2-10). The spring clamping assembly (2-2-11) includes an upper sleeve (2-2-11-1) and a lower sleeve (2-2-11-2) that are fitted together. A spring is installed inside the upper sleeve (2-2-11-1) and the lower sleeve (2-2-11-2). The upper sleeve (2-2-11-1) is connected to the driven shaft (2-2-10), and the lower sleeve (2-2-11-2) is connected to the bottom plate (2-2-2) of the screen tube booster. A tensioning wheel is also fitted on the chain. The connecting plate (2-2-1) and the bottom plate (2-2-2) of the screen tube booster are both provided with guide rail holes, and the connecting plate (2-2-1) and the bottom plate (2-2-2) of the screen tube booster are sleeved on the sliding guide rail (2-1-1) through the guide rail holes; The connecting plate (2-2-1) is also provided with a lifting hole, which is connected to the piston rod of the sliding cylinder (2-1-4).

4. The drilling rig with a rotatable positioning automatic upper clamp and flexible lower screen tube unit as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The sliding crankshaft (1-1-5) includes a first sliding crankshaft (1-1-5-1), a second sliding crankshaft (1-1-5-2) vertically connected to one side of the end of the first sliding crankshaft (1-1-5-1), and a third sliding crankshaft (1-1-5-3) vertically connected to one side of the end of the second sliding crankshaft (1-1-5-2). The upper surface of the fixed weldment (1-1-1) is provided with a sliding groove (1-1-7), and the lower surface of the fixed weldment (1-1-1) is provided with an inclined groove (1-1-8). The first sliding crankshaft (1-1-5-1) passes through the sliding groove (1-1-7) and is connected to the connecting seat (1-1-4). The third sliding crankshaft (1-1-5-3) passes through the inclined groove (1-1-8) and is connected to the pressure ring (1-1-6). The pull plate (1-1-3) is rotatably connected to the first sliding crankshaft (1-1-5-1).

5. The drilling rig with a rotatable positioning automatic upper clamp and flexible lower screen tube unit as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The welding frame (1-3-1) includes a welding frame base plate (1-3-1-1) and a first welding frame mounting plate (1-3-1-2) and a second welding frame mounting plate (1-3-1-3) vertically mounted on the welding frame base plate (1-3-1-1). The first welding frame mounting plate (1-3-1-2) is mounted on the side of the welding frame base plate (1-3-1-1) away from the fixed weldment (1-1-1), and the second welding frame mounting plate (1-3-1-3) is mounted in the middle of the welding frame base plate (1-3-1-1). The fixed sleeve (1-3-2) is installed on the first welding frame mounting plate (1-3-1-2), and the long shaft (1-3-3) passes through the first welding frame mounting plate (1-3-1-2) and the second welding frame mounting plate (1-3-1-3). The long shaft (1-3-3) is installed with a shaft pressure plate (1-3-7) at one end inside the fixed sleeve (1-3-2), and the shaft pressure plate (1-3-7) is in contact with the first spring (1-3-6).

6. The drilling rig with a rotatable positioning automatic upper clamp and flexible lower screen tube unit as described in claim 3, characterized in that, A movable sleeve (1-3-8) is also sleeved on the long shaft (1-3-3). The movable sleeve (1-3-8) includes a movable sleeve body (1-3-8-1) and a sleeve cover (1-3-8-2) that covers one side of the movable sleeve body (1-3-8-1). The sleeve cover (1-3-8-2) is located on the side closer to the fixed sleeve (1-3-2). A second spring (1-3-9) is installed inside the movable sleeve (1-3-8), and a collar (1-3-10) is installed on the portion of the long shaft (1-3-3) located inside the movable sleeve (1-3-8). The second spring (1-3-9) is located between the movable sleeve body (1-3-8-1) and the collar (1-3-10). The movable sleeve (1-3-8) is located between the first welding frame mounting plate (1-3-1-2) and the second welding frame mounting plate (1-3-1-3).

7. The drilling rig with a rotatable positioning automatic upper clamp and flexible lower screen tube unit as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The welding frame base plate (1-3-1-1) is also equipped with a ball sleeve (1-3-11). A third spring (1-3-12) and a second ball (1-3-13) are installed inside the ball sleeve (1-3-11). The second ball (1-3-13) is mounted on the ball sleeve (1-3-11) by a pin. An elongated hole is provided on the side wall of the ball sleeve (1-3-11). The pin is installed in the elongated hole. The second ball (1-3-13) is in contact with the third spring (1-3-12). When the movable sleeve (1-3-8) moves, it can drive the second ball (1-3-13) to move and compress the third spring (1-3-12).

8. The drilling rig with a rotatable positioning automatic upper clamp and flexible lower screen tube unit as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The pull plate (1-1-3) is generally L-shaped, including a first short pull plate and a first long pull plate connected vertically, wherein the length of the first short pull plate is less than the length of the first long pull plate; The first short pull plate is connected to the piston rod of the rotary component cylinder (1-1-2), and the first long pull plate is connected to the first sliding crankshaft (1-1-5-1). The extension and retraction of the piston rod of the rotary component cylinder (1-1-2) drive the first sliding crankshaft (1-1-5-1) to move. The bottom surface of the fixed weldment (1-1-1) is also equipped with a support leg (1-1-9).

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