A two-step mechanized equipment alternate operation non-pulsatory backfill mining method

Abstract

The application provides a two-step mechanized equipment alternating operation non-pulse filling mining method, which divides ore bodies into adjacent one-step stope and two-step stope and sets up an inter-column; a through-vein roadway is constructed from a vein outside transportation roadway to enter the inter-column, an upper disc pedestrian ventilation shaft and a lower disc chute are respectively constructed in the inter-column, and an inter-column rock drilling roadway is constructed; a rock drilling jumbo enters the stope through the inter-column rock drilling roadway to conduct rock drilling and blasting, and the ore is transported out through the inter-column rock drilling roadway, the through-vein roadway and the vein outside transportation roadway; after the one-step stope is mined and filled, the equipment is switched to the two-step stope mining; after the two-step stope is mined, the rock drilling jumbo is automatically climbed to the upper layer by using waste rock slope protection, and a new channel is formed by upwardly expanding the inter-column rock drilling roadway to enter the second layer of the one-step stope; the one-step stope and the two-step stope form alternating filling and mining flow operation, and the rock drilling equipment completes all layer mining in the stope, and the application has less preparation engineering and realizes continuous alternating efficient mining without the equipment out of the stope.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of mining engineering technology, specifically relating to a two-step mechanized equipment alternating operation mining method that does not leave the vein filling area, and more particularly to a mechanized and efficient mining method that achieves alternating operation of the first and second steps of the stope through a shared roadway within the pillars, while the rock drilling equipment does not leave the stope. Background Technology

[0002] For gently dipping to inclined medium-thick ore bodies, the upward horizontal layered backfilling mining method is a commonly used mining method. The traditional operation process of this method is to mine and backfill layer by layer upwards, with ore transportation and backfilling operations alternating within the stope. Equipment needs to frequently enter and exit the stope or switch layers via external ramps.

[0003] Traditional methods have the following drawbacks: First, each time drilling equipment moves to the next level, it must travel via external ramps or segmented roadways to reach the next level before entering the mining area, resulting in long transfer distances and extended auxiliary time, impacting production efficiency. Second, the first and second stage mining areas require independent preparatory work, and the roadways within the pillars cannot be shared, leading to a large preparatory workload. Third, backfilling and mining are carried out sequentially within the same mining area, resulting in long periods of equipment idle waiting for the backfill to solidify, making it difficult to achieve continuous flow operations and limiting overall production capacity. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a backfilling mining method that can reduce equipment transfers, enable alternating continuous flow operations, and improve overall mining efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art. This invention provides a two-step mechanized equipment alternating operation method for in-vein filling mining. By sharing the rock drilling roadway in the inter-pillar and using waste rock to fill the slope to realize the in-vein climbing of the rock drilling rig, the first and second step mining areas form a continuous flow operation of alternating filling and mining, thereby reducing the amount of preparation work, shortening the equipment transfer time, and improving production capacity.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this invention is as follows: A two-step mechanized mining method involving alternating operation of equipment to prevent vein filling includes the following steps: S1. Divide the ore body along the strike into adjacent first-step stopes and second-step stopes, and leave a stope pillar between the two stopes; construct the mid-section cross-vein roadway from the mid-section external transport roadway to the stope pillar; S2. Construct the upper hanging wall ventilation shaft and the lower hanging wall chute in the inter-mining pillars. The upper hanging wall ventilation shaft and the lower hanging wall chute are shared by the first and second mining steps. S3. At the middle level, construct inter-pillar rock drilling tunnels from the inter-mining pillar to the first-step and second-step mining areas on the left and right sides to form a passage for equipment to enter the mining area. S4. One-step stope mining: The drilling rig enters the one-step stope through the pillar drilling tunnel to carry out drilling, blasting to extract ore, ore extraction and backfilling. S5. Second-stage mining: During the filling of the first-stage mining area, the drilling rig moves from the inter-pillar drilling roadway into the second-stage mining area to carry out drilling, blasting, ore extraction, and ore production. After the second-stage mining area is completed, waste rock is laid on its bottom plate to form a waste rock slope, allowing the drilling rig to climb up to the next level. At the next level, the drilling rig expands the inter-pillar drilling roadway upwards, causing the top plate of the inter-pillar drilling roadway to move up to the next level, thus forming a shared passage connecting the first-stage mining area and the next level of the second-stage mining area. S6. The drilling rig enters the next layer of the first-step stope after passing through the waste rock slope and the expanded and scoured inter-pillar drilling tunnel, and performs drilling, blasting and ore extraction. When the next layer is being mined in the first-step stope, the next layer of the second-step stope is filled. Then, S5 is repeated to mine the second layer of the next layer. S7. Repeat S6 until all stratified data are collected.

[0006] In the technical solution of this application, a pillar is left between the two-step mining areas. By sharing the drilling roadway in the pillar and using waste rock to fill the slope, the drilling rig can climb within the vein, so that the first and second-step mining areas can form a continuous flow operation of alternating filling and mining, thereby reducing the amount of preparation work, shortening the equipment transfer time, and improving production capacity.

[0007] As a further improvement of the present invention, the width of the inter-stope pillar is 6m, the upper hanging wall ventilation shaft is used for personnel passage and stope ventilation, and the lower hanging wall chute is used for ore chute to the middle cross-vein roadway.

[0008] As a further improvement of the present invention, the ore that collapses in the first-step mining area and the second-step mining area is transported to the middle-section external transport roadway through the inter-pillar drilling roadway and the middle-section vein tunnel for ore extraction.

[0009] As a further improvement of the present invention, after the first-step mining is completed, backfilling is carried out. The backfilling height is lower than the mining height of this layer, and the upper space is reserved for blasting compensation and personnel operation space in the next layer.

[0010] As a further improvement of the present invention, the height of each layered mining area is 5m. After the first-stage mining area is filled, a 2m upper space is reserved as the space for blasting compensation and personnel operation in the next layer.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present invention, after the first-step stope filling is completed, a compensation slope is laid with waste rock in the part of the first-step stope filling that is close to the inter-pillar drilling roadway, for the drilling rig to travel back and forth between the inter-pillar drilling roadway and the area of ​​the first-step stope filling.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present invention, after the two-step stope filling, a 2m upper space is reserved as the space for the next layer of blasting compensation and personnel operation, and the part of the two-step stope filling and close to the inter-pillar rock drilling roadway is paved with waste rock to form a compensation slope.

[0013] In the technical solution of this application, 2m is reserved during filling as the space for blasting compensation and personnel operation in the next layer, which can better realize the mining of the previous layer. At the same time, by laying the compensation slope, it is ensured that the rock drilling rig can travel back and forth between the pillar drilling roadway and the area of ​​the mining area filling.

[0014] As a further improvement of the present invention, a filling return air shaft is constructed in the upper and middle sections of the first-step and second-step mining areas. The filling return air shaft serves as both a filling channel and a return air channel.

[0015] As a further improvement of the present invention, ventilation and sewage discharge are carried out during the mining of the first-step or second-step mining area. The ventilation line enters through the upper foot ventilation shaft and exits through the filling return air shaft after passing through the mining face.

[0016] As a further improvement of the present invention, before backfilling is carried out in the first-step stope and the second-step stope, retaining walls are constructed in the inter-pillar drilling tunnel to seal off the corresponding stope and the inter-pillar drilling tunnel.

[0017] In the technical solution of this application, the construction of the retaining wall can prevent the filling material from entering the inter-column drilling tunnel, thus ensuring the smooth flow of the ore extraction path.

[0018] In summary, the technical solution of this application has the following beneficial technical effects: 1. The rock drilling equipment completes the mining of each layer within the mining area without the need for external ramps or segmented roadways, completely eliminating the auxiliary time of frequent equipment entry and exit from the mining area, and realizing continuous operation within the vein without leaving the mining area, thus greatly improving production efficiency.

[0019] 2. The first and second step mining areas share the drilling tunnels, ventilation shafts, and ore pass systems within the pillars, which significantly reduces the amount of preparation work compared to traditional methods. The tunnels and shafts within the pillars can be reused for mining in each layer, resulting in outstanding economic benefits.

[0020] 3. Through the continuous operation mode of alternating filling and mining in the first and second steps of the stope, when one stope is being filled, the equipment can be transferred to another stope for drilling and blasting, eliminating the idle time of the equipment waiting for the filling to solidify, truly realizing continuous production, and increasing the production capacity of the stope many times over.

[0021] 4. The use of waste rock as a slope allows the drilling rig to climb within the vein on its own, replacing the traditional external ramp climbing method. This saves on the amount of ramp excavation work and simplifies the equipment transfer process. The process is simple, reliable, and adaptable. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of this application, the accompanying drawings used in this application will be briefly described below. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without any creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a diagram of the mining structure in the lowest-level, first-step mining stage.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a diagram of the mining structure in the two-step mining stage at the bottom layer.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a diagram of the mining structure in the first-step mining stage of the next level.

[0026] Figure 4 This is a diagram of the mining structure in the two-step mining stage of the next level.

[0027] Figure 5 This is a diagram of the stope structure during the first step of the cyclic mining phase.

[0028] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached diagram: 1. Ore body; 2. Inter-stop pillar; 3. Intermediate cross-vein roadway; 4. Drilling rig; 5. Blasting hole; 6. Inter-vein transport roadway; 7. Hanging wall ventilation shaft; 8. Footing wall chute; 9. Backfill; 10. Backfill return air shaft; 11. Inter-stop pillar drilling roadway; 12. Waste rock slope; 13. Compensation slope. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The embodiments of the technical solution of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of this application and are therefore merely examples, and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of this application.

[0030] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains; the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application; the terms “comprising” and “having”, and any variations thereof, in the specification, claims, and foregoing description of the drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0031] In the description of the embodiments of this application, technical terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish different objects and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number, specific order, or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly defined.

[0032] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0033] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the technical terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of this application and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments of this application.

[0034] Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0035] For ease of explanation, the following embodiments use a two-step mechanized equipment alternating operation non-vein filling mining method according to an embodiment of this application as an example.

[0036] Please refer to Figures 1-5 This application discloses a two-step mechanized equipment alternating operation method for non-vein filling mining, including the following steps: S1. Divide the ore body 1 along the strike into adjacent first-step stopes and second-step stopes, and leave a stope pillar 2 between the two stopes; construct the mid-section cross-vein roadway 3 from the mid-section external transport roadway 6 to the stope pillar 2; S2. Construct the upper hanging wall ventilation shaft 7 and the lower hanging wall chute 8 in the inter-mining pillar 2. The upper hanging wall ventilation shaft 7 and the lower hanging wall chute 8 are shared by the first and second step mining areas and serve the mining of each layer in the two mining areas. S3. At the middle level, construct the inter-pillar rock drilling tunnel 11 from the inter-mining pillar 2 to the first-step and second-step mining areas on the left and right sides respectively to form the passage for equipment to enter the mining area. S4. One-step mining: Drilling rig 4 enters the one-step mining area through the inter-pillar drilling tunnel 11 to carry out drilling, blasting ore extraction, ore extraction and backfilling. S5. Second-stage mining: During the filling of the first-stage mining area, the drilling rig 4 moves from the inter-pillar drilling roadway 11 into the second-stage mining area to carry out drilling, blasting, ore extraction, and ore production. After the second-stage mining area is completed, waste rock is laid on its bottom plate to form a waste rock slope 12, which allows the drilling rig 4 to climb up to the next level along the waste rock slope 12. At the next level, the drilling rig 4 expands the inter-pillar drilling roadway 11 upwards, so that the top plate of the inter-pillar drilling roadway 11 moves up to the next level, thereby forming a shared passage connecting the first-stage mining area and the next level of the second-stage mining area. S6. The upper layer is mined. The drilling rig 4 enters the upper layer of the first-step stope through the waste rock slope 12 and the expanded and scoured inter-pillar drilling tunnel 11 to carry out drilling, blasting and ore extraction. When the upper layer is mined in the first-step stope, the lower layer of the second-step stope is filled. Then, S5 is repeated to mine the second layer of the upper layer. S7. Repeat S6 until all stratified data are collected.

[0037] In the above embodiment, a support column 2 is left between the two-step mining areas. By sharing the drilling roadway 11 in the support column and using the waste rock slope 12 to achieve the climbing of the drilling rig within the vein, the first and second-step mining areas form a continuous flow operation of alternating filling and mining, thereby reducing the amount of preparation work, shortening the equipment transfer time, and improving production capacity.

[0038] Furthermore, in some implementation examples, the width of the inter-stop pillar 2 is 6m, the upper hanging wall ventilation shaft 7 is used for personnel passage and stope ventilation, and the lower hanging wall chute 8 is used for ore chute to the middle cross-vein roadway 3.

[0039] Furthermore, in some implementation examples, the ore that collapses in the first-stage and second-stage mining areas is transported to the middle-stage external transport roadway 6 via the pillar drilling roadway 11 and the middle-section vein crossing roadway 3 for ore extraction.

[0040] Furthermore, in some implementation examples, after the first-stage mining is completed, backfilling is carried out. The backfilling height (i.e., the formed backfill body 9) is lower than the mining height of this layer, reserving the upper space as blasting compensation and personnel operation space for the next layer.

[0041] Furthermore, in some implementation examples, the height of each layered stope is 5m, and after the first-stage stope is filled, a 2m upper space is reserved as blasting compensation and personnel operation space for the next layer.

[0042] Furthermore, in some implementation examples, after the first-step stope filling is completed, a compensation slope 13 is laid with waste rock in the part of the first-step stope filling that is close to the inter-pillar drilling roadway 11, for the drilling rig 4 to travel back and forth between the inter-pillar drilling roadway 11 and the area of ​​the first-step stope filling.

[0043] Furthermore, in some implementation examples, after the two-step stope is filled, a 2m upper space is reserved as the space for the next layer of blasting compensation and personnel operation, and the part of the two-step stope filled and close to the inter-pillar rock drilling roadway 11 is paved with waste rock to form a compensation slope 13.

[0044] In the above implementation, reserving 2m during filling as a space for blasting compensation and personnel operation in the next layer can better realize the mining of the previous layer. At the same time, by laying the compensation slope 13, it is ensured that the drilling rig 4 can travel back and forth between the inter-pillar drilling roadway 11 and the area of ​​the mining area filling.

[0045] Furthermore, in some implementation examples, a backfilling air shaft 10 is constructed in the upper and middle sections corresponding to the first-step and second-step mining areas. This backfilling air shaft 10 serves as both a backfilling channel and a return air channel.

[0046] Furthermore, in some implementation examples, ventilation and sewage discharge are carried out during the mining of the first-step or second-step mining area. The ventilation line enters through the upper foot ventilation shaft 7 and exits through the filling return air shaft 10 after passing through the working face of the mining area.

[0047] Furthermore, in some implementation examples, before backfilling is carried out in the first-step stope and the second-step stope, retaining walls are constructed in the inter-pillar drilling tunnel 11 to seal off the corresponding stope and the inter-pillar drilling tunnel 11.

[0048] In the above embodiments, the construction of the retaining wall can prevent the filling material 9 from entering the inter-column drilling tunnel 11, thus ensuring the smooth flow of the ore extraction path.

[0049] Specific embodiments are listed below. It should be noted that the embodiments described below are exemplary and are only used to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application. Where specific technologies or conditions are not specified in the embodiments, they shall be performed in accordance with the technologies or conditions described in the literature in this field or in accordance with the product manual.

[0050] like Figure 1-5 As shown in the figure, this embodiment provides a two-step mechanized equipment alternating operation non-vein filling mining method for detailed explanation.

[0051] Using a gently dipping, medium-thick phosphate deposit as an example, the ore body has an average dip angle of 25° and an average thickness of 12m. The ore grade is relatively high, and the ore and rock are moderately stable. The mine plans to adopt a mechanized upward layered filling mining method of the present invention, which involves two alternating operations within the vein without exiting the stope. The stope is arranged along the strike of the ore body, and the stope structure is shown in the attached figure.

[0052] First, the ore body 1 is divided into adjacent first-stage and second-stage stopes along its strike. A stope pillar 2 with a width of 6m is left between the first-stage and second-stage stopes. This width is sufficient to meet the passage and turning requirements of the drilling rig 4 within the stope pillar drilling roadway 11. The intermediate vein through-vein roadway 3 is constructed from the intermediate external transport roadway 6 to the stope pillar 2, providing the main passage for subsequent equipment, personnel, and ore transportation.

[0053] Within the inter-mining pillar 2, an upper hanging wall ventilation shaft 7 and a lower hanging wall chute 8 are constructed respectively. The upper hanging wall ventilation shaft 7 serves as the air intake channel for the mining area and also as a personnel passage shaft, ensuring ventilation and safe entry and exit of personnel in each working face. The lower hanging wall chute 8 is used to chute the ore that has collapsed from each layer to the level of the middle cross-vein roadway 3. Afterwards, at the middle level, inter-mining pillar drilling roadways 11 are constructed from the inter-mining pillar to the first-step mining area and the second-step mining area on the left and right sides, respectively, forming the passage for the drilling rig 4 to enter the mining area.

[0054] First step, such as Figure 1 As shown, in the first-stage mining operation, the drilling rig 4 enters the first-stage mining area through the inter-pillar drilling roadway 11 to drill the blast holes 5 and charge explosives to blast the ore. The caving ore is transported by a loader through the inter-pillar drilling roadway 11 and the middle-section cross-vein roadway 3 to the middle-section external transport roadway 6 for ore extraction. The mining height of this layer in the first-stage mining area is 5m. After the mining is completed, a retaining wall is constructed in the inter-pillar drilling roadway 11 to seal the first-stage side. At the same time, a backfilling return air shaft 10 is constructed from the upper middle section roadway into the first-stage mining area to fill the first-stage mining area. The backfill body 9 is 3m high, leaving 2m of space for blasting compensation and personnel operation space in the next layer.

[0055] The second step, as Figure 2 As shown, the second-stage stope mining is carried out. After the retaining wall of the first-stage stope is closed, the drilling rig 4 moves from the inter-pillar drilling roadway 11 into the second-stage stope to carry out drilling and blasting to extract ore. The ore is also transported out through the inter-pillar drilling roadway 11 and the middle section through-vein roadway 3. The second-stage stope also has a mining height of 5m in this layer. After the mining is completed, backfilling is not carried out. Instead, waste rock is laid on its bottom plate to form a waste rock cushion slope 12. The slope of the waste rock cushion slope 12 is controlled within the climbing ability range of the drilling rig 4, so that the drilling rig 4 can climb up to the level of the next layer along the waste rock cushion slope 12. After climbing, the drilling rig 4 expands the inter-pillar drilling roadway 11 upward at the level of the next layer, so that the top plate of the roadway moves up to the second layer, forming a shared channel connecting the second layer of the first-stage stope. During the mining process of the second-stage stope, the first-stage stope is filled. After the filling is completed, a compensation slope 13 is laid using waste rock.

[0056] The third step, as Figure 3As shown, during the second layer mining of the first-step stope, the drilling rig 4 enters the second layer working face of the first-step stope via the waste rock slope 12, the expanded and scoured pillar drilling roadway 11, and the compensation slope 13 on the first-step stope backfill 9 for drilling and blasting. At this time, the collapsed ore is slid through the corresponding lower ore pass 8 of the first-step stope to the middle cross-vein roadway 3, and then transported out through the middle cross-vein transport roadway 6. Workers can enter the second layer working face of the first-step stope through the upper footing ventilation shaft 7. The ventilation line enters through the upper footing ventilation shaft 7, passes through the stope working face, and exits through the backfill return air shaft 10 or other return air channels. During the second layer mining of the first-step stope, the first layer of the second-step stope is backfilled. After the backfilling is completed, the compensation slope 13 is laid using waste rock.

[0057] Step four, as Figure 4 As shown, the second layer of the two-step stope is mined. After the second layer of the first-step stope is mined, a 3m backfill and a 2m space are reserved in the same way. The drilling rig 4 passes through the compensation slope 13 of the first-step stope and then smoothly enters the second layer of the second-step stope through the expanded passage and the compensation slope 13 of the second-step stope for mining. The ore is extracted through the corresponding lower pass 8 of the second-step stope. After the second layer of the second-step stope is mined, the waste rock pad slope 12 is laid again for climbing and the inter-pillar drilling tunnel 11 is expanded.

[0058] This cycle repeats itself, with the first-stage and second-stage mining areas alternating between filling and mining operations: while the first-stage mining area is filling, the second-stage mining area is drilling and blasting; while the second-stage mining area is laying waste rock or filling, the first-stage mining area is excavating ore. The two form a continuous alternating flow operation of filling and mining, and the drilling rig 4 always completes all the mining work in all layers inside the mining area without having to leave the mining area for relocation.

[0059] Using the methods described above, this embodiment achieves high-efficiency mining of gently dipping, medium-thick ore bodies. The preparatory work relies on a shared pillar layout, significantly reducing roadway excavation; drilling equipment remains within the stope throughout the entire process, eliminating relocation time; and alternating operations in the first and second-stage stopes result in high production capacity. This method is particularly suitable for high-value ore deposits with good ore body continuity, medium-thickness, and gentle to dipping angles.

[0060] It should be noted that the above-described embodiments are merely examples. Any embodiments that have the same structure and achieve the same effect as the technical concept within the scope of this application are included in the scope of this application. Furthermore, without departing from the spirit of this application, various modifications that can be conceived by those skilled in the art to the embodiments, and other ways of constructing by combining some of the constituent elements of the embodiments, are also included in the scope of this application.

Claims

1. A two-step mechanized equipment alternating operation method for non-vein filling mining, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Divide the ore body along the strike into adjacent first-step stopes and second-step stopes, and leave a stope pillar between the two stopes; construct the mid-section cross-vein roadway from the mid-section external transport roadway to the stope pillar; S2. Construct the upper hanging wall ventilation shaft and the lower hanging wall chute in the inter-mining pillars. The upper hanging wall ventilation shaft and the lower hanging wall chute are shared by the first and second mining steps. S3. At the middle level, construct inter-pillar rock drilling tunnels from the inter-mining pillar to the first-step and second-step mining areas on the left and right sides to form a passage for equipment to enter the mining area. S4. One-step stope mining: The drilling rig enters the one-step stope through the pillar drilling tunnel to carry out drilling, blasting to extract ore, ore extraction and backfilling. S5. Second-stage mining: During the filling of the first-stage mining area, the drilling rig moves from the inter-pillar drilling roadway into the second-stage mining area to carry out drilling, blasting, ore extraction, and ore production. After the second-stage mining area is completed, waste rock is laid on its bottom plate to form a waste rock slope, allowing the drilling rig to climb up to the next level. At the next level, the drilling rig expands the inter-pillar drilling roadway upwards, causing the top plate of the inter-pillar drilling roadway to move up to the next level, thus forming a shared passage connecting the first-stage mining area and the next level of the second-stage mining area. S6. The drilling rig enters the next layer of the first-step stope after passing through the waste rock slope and the expanded and scoured inter-pillar drilling tunnel, and performs drilling, blasting and ore extraction. When the next layer is being mined in the first-step stope, the next layer of the second-step stope is filled. Then, S5 is repeated to mine the second layer of the next layer. S7. Repeat S6 until all stratified data are collected.

2. The two-step mechanized equipment alternating operation non-vein filling mining method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The width of the pillars between the stopes is 6m. The upper hanging wall ventilation shaft is used for personnel passage and stope ventilation, while the lower hanging wall chute is used for ore chute to the middle cross-vein roadway.

3. The two-step mechanized equipment alternating operation non-vein filling mining method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The ore that collapses in the first-stage and second-stage mining areas is transported to the external transport roadway in the middle section via the inter-pillar drilling roadway and the middle section vein roadway.

4. The two-step mechanized equipment alternating operation non-vein filling mining method according to claim 1, characterized in that, After the first-stage mining is completed, backfilling is carried out. The backfilling height is lower than the mining height of this layer, reserving the upper space for blasting compensation and personnel operation space in the next layer.

5. The two-step mechanized equipment alternating operation non-vein filling mining method according to claim 4, characterized in that, Each layer of the mining area is 5m high. After the first-stage mining area is filled, a 2m space is reserved above the site for blasting compensation and personnel operation space in the next layer.

6. A two-step mechanized equipment alternating operation non-vein filling mining method according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that, After the first-stage stope filling is completed, a compensation slope is laid with waste rock in the area of ​​the first-stage stope filling and close to the inter-pillar drilling roadway, for the drilling rig to travel between the inter-pillar drilling roadway and the area of ​​the first-stage stope filling.

7. The two-step mechanized equipment alternating operation non-vein filling mining method according to claim 6, characterized in that, After the second-stage stope is filled, a 2m upper space is reserved for the next layer of blasting compensation and personnel operation space. The area of ​​the second-stage stope filled and close to the inter-pillar drilling roadway is paved with waste rock to form a compensation slope.

8. The two-step mechanized equipment alternating operation non-vein filling mining method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the upper and middle sections of the first-step and second-step mining areas, a backfilling air shaft is constructed, which serves as both a backfilling channel and a return air channel.

9. The two-step mechanized equipment alternating operation non-vein filling mining method according to claim 8, characterized in that, Ventilation and sewage discharge are carried out during the mining of the first-step or second-step mining area. The ventilation line enters through the upper foot ventilation shaft, passes through the mining face, and is discharged through the backfilling return air shaft.

10. The two-step mechanized equipment alternating operation non-vein filling mining method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before backfilling, retaining walls are constructed in the pillar drilling tunnels of the first-stage and second-stage mining areas to seal off the corresponding mining areas and pillar drilling tunnels.

Images