A coal mine sliding type advanced support device

Abstract

The present application relates to coal mine supporting equipment technical field, especially to a kind of coal mine with sliding type advance support device.A kind of coal mine with sliding type advance support device, including first support and second support, the lifting mechanism of first support and the lifting mechanism of second support stagger and interval setting along the length direction of roadway, the roof beam of first support and the roof beam of second support stagger and interval setting along the width direction of roadway, still include first guide mechanism, second guide mechanism and third guide mechanism.First guide mechanism is installed on lifting mechanism, and it is installed to correspond roof beam, to provide orientation for roof beam.Second guide mechanism is installed between adjacent roof beam, to provide orientation for roof beam.Third guide mechanism is installed on the side wall of adjacent lifting mechanism, to provide orientation for lifting mechanism.Through setting first, second and third guide mechanism, the accuracy and stability of advance support device when striding are improved, and mining efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of coal mine support equipment technology, and in particular to a sliding advance support device for coal mines. Background Technology

[0002] A sliding pre-support device for coal mines is a hydraulically powered device that provides temporary pre-support to the roof of coal mine roadways through the coordinated action of roof beams and supports. It typically consists of two independent frames arranged in an alternating pattern, with the two frames pushing and pulling against each other to achieve self-moving movement.

[0003] However, existing sliding pre-support devices rely solely on the pushing and pulling force of jacks to move the entire structure during the relocation process. Because the jacks and the two sets of frames are hinged, there is a lack of effective lateral restraint, making the support device highly susceptible to tilting during the pushing and pulling process, leading to overall displacement. Once displaced, the structures on both sides are prone to scraping or even colliding with the roadway sidewalls, potentially causing overturning accidents, severely affecting support stability, interfering with normal mining operations, and reducing mining efficiency. Furthermore, manual correction is required after the support device shifts, which is inefficient and increases the workload of underground workers.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a sliding advance support device that can guide the support device during its self-moving process, thereby improving support stability and mining efficiency, reducing the probability of collision between the support device and the roadway, and reducing the labor intensity of the workers. Summary of the Invention

[0005] (a) Technical problems to be solved In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a sliding advance support device for coal mines, which solves the technical problems of existing sliding advance support devices for coal mines being prone to deflection during the shifting process, resulting in collisions between the support device and the roadway, poor support stability, low mining efficiency, and high labor intensity for manual correction.

[0006] (II) Technical Solution To achieve the above objectives, the main technical solutions adopted by the present invention include: This invention provides a sliding pre-support device for coal mines, comprising a first support and a second support. Both the first and second supports include a lifting mechanism and a plurality of top beams mounted on top of the lifting mechanism. The lifting mechanisms of the first and second supports are staggered and spaced apart along the length of the roadway, and the top beams of the first and second supports are staggered and spaced apart along the width of the roadway. The device also includes a first guide mechanism, a second guide mechanism, and a third guide mechanism. The first guide mechanism is mounted on the lifting mechanism and corresponds to the top beams to provide guidance for the top beams. The second guide mechanism is mounted between adjacent top beams to provide guidance for the top beams. The third guide mechanism is mounted on the sidewall of an adjacent lifting mechanism to provide guidance for the lifting mechanism.

[0007] Preferably, the lifting mechanism includes a support beam and two sets of lifting components; the support beam is horizontally arranged and extends along the width direction of the tunnel; both sets of lifting components are vertically arranged, and the two ends of the support beam are respectively connected to the top of the two sets of lifting components, and the top beam is installed on the top of the support beam along the length direction of the tunnel; the first guiding mechanism includes a support seat, the bottom of the support seat is fixedly installed on the top of the support beam, and the top of the support seat is provided with a groove extending along the length direction of the tunnel, and the top beam corresponding to the support seat is slidably placed in the groove to guide the movement of the top beam.

[0008] Preferably, the support includes a bearing plate, two first mounting plates, and two second mounting plates; the two first mounting plates and the two second mounting plates are vertically mounted on the top of the supporting beam, the two first mounting plates are spaced apart along the width direction of the tunnel, the two second mounting plates are spaced apart along the length direction of the tunnel, and the two first mounting plates and the two second mounting plates are connected end to end to form a rectangular mounting space; the top of the first mounting plate extends beyond the top of the second mounting plate, the bearing plate is vertically slidably mounted on the opposite sidewalls of the two first mounting plates, and the bearing plate and the two first mounting plates form the groove.

[0009] Preferably, the support further includes at least one first damper; at least one first damper is vertically installed in the installation space, and the two ends of at least one first damper are respectively connected to the top of the support beam and the bottom of the bearing plate, so that when the bearing plate carries its corresponding top beam, it provides buffering force and rebound force to the bearing plate and the top beam.

[0010] Preferably, the second guiding mechanism includes a guide rod and a guide seat; the guide rod and the guide seat are respectively installed on the opposite side walls of two adjacent top beams, and the guide seat has a guide groove extending along the length direction of the roadway on the side facing the guide rod, and one end of the guide rod facing the guide seat extends into the guide groove and is slidably connected to the guide seat.

[0011] Preferably, the top and bottom walls of one end of the guide rod extending into the guide groove have floating gaps with the top and bottom walls of the guide groove, respectively, and the floating gaps are the lifting distance of the top beam during the movement.

[0012] Preferably, the third guiding mechanism includes a first connecting rod, a second connecting rod, and a slide block; the lifting assembly includes a telescopic column, the outer wall of which has a vertically arranged groove, and two slide blocks are installed in the groove, and the two slide blocks can move towards or away from each other along the groove; the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod both extend along the length of the tunnel, and their two ends are respectively rotatably connected to the corresponding slide blocks on two adjacent telescopic columns along the length of the tunnel, the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod are staggered and hinged in the middle, and there is an included angle between the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod; when the first support or the second support moves, the moving telescopic column can push the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod to rotate around their hinge axis, so as to drive the two slide blocks in each groove to move towards or away from each other, thereby providing guidance for the movement of the telescopic column.

[0013] Preferably, the slide groove is further provided with an elastic component; the elastic component is fixedly installed in the slide groove and located in the middle of the slide groove, and the two ends of the elastic component facing the two slide seats are the pushing ends, which can abut against their corresponding slide seats to support and push the slide seats.

[0014] Preferably, the elastic component includes a partition, two push plates, and a plurality of second dampers; the partition is fixedly installed in the slide groove, the two push plates are the push ends, and the two push plates are respectively installed on both sides of the partition facing the two slides through the plurality of second dampers; the slides can abut against their corresponding slides, and the second dampers can provide buffering force and pushing force for the push plates and the slides.

[0015] Preferably, the third guiding mechanism further includes a plurality of rollers; each slide is rotatably mounted with a plurality of rollers on both sides along the length of the channel, and the plurality of rollers are in rolling connection with the chute.

[0016] (III) Beneficial Effects The beneficial effects of this invention are: This invention discloses a sliding pre-support device for coal mines, comprising a first guiding mechanism, a second guiding mechanism, and a third guiding mechanism. The first guiding mechanism corresponds to the top beam, thereby providing primary guidance for the movement direction of the top beam. The second guiding mechanism is installed between adjacent top beams, thereby providing secondary guidance for the movement direction of the top beam. The third guiding mechanism is installed on the side wall of the adjacent lifting mechanism to guide the lifting mechanism, thereby achieving a coordinated guiding effect on the top beam and the lifting mechanism. This provides full-process guidance and constraint on the movement direction and path of the first and second supports during the stepping process of the advanced support device. This effectively reduces the probability of the first and second supports deviating during stepping movement due to their hinged connection when the pushing jacks in the advanced support device push or pull them. This significantly improves the accuracy and stability of the movement direction and path of the first and second supports during stepping movement, preventing scraping or collision between the sides of the advanced support device and the side walls of the roadway, reducing the probability of overturning accidents, improving the safety of the advanced support device when supporting the roadway roof, reducing mining operation interruptions caused by deviation of the advanced support device, and improving the mining efficiency of the working face. Furthermore, it eliminates the need for manual correction operations, reducing the labor intensity of underground workers. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure of a sliding advance support device for coal mines according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure of a sliding advance support device for coal mines according to the present invention from another angle. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure of the first support of a sliding advance support device for coal mines according to the present invention. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure of the second support of a sliding advance support device for coal mines according to the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure of the first guide mechanism of a sliding advance support device for coal mines of the present invention, installed on a supporting beam. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional disassembly structure of the first guide mechanism of a sliding advance support device for coal mines according to the present invention. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure of the second guide mechanism of a sliding advance support device for coal mines according to the present invention. Figure 8This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the second guide mechanism of a sliding advance support device for coal mines according to the present invention. Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure of the installation of two adjacent lifting mechanisms and a third guiding mechanism in the first and second supports of a sliding advance support device for coal mines according to the present invention. Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional disassembly structure of two adjacent lifting components, a side pushing mechanism and a third guiding mechanism of a sliding advance support device for coal mines according to the present invention. Figure 11 for Figure 10 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle; Figure 12 for Figure 10 Enlarged structural diagram at point B.

[0018] [Explanation of Labels in the Attached Image] 1: First support; 11: Lifting mechanism; 111: Support beam; 112: Lifting assembly; 1121: Telescopic column; 11211: Slide rail; 1122: Lifting jack; 12: Top beam; 2: Second support; 3: First guide mechanism; 31: Support seat; 311: Bearing plate; 312: First mounting plate; 313: Second mounting plate; 314: First damper; 4: Second guide mechanism; 41: Guide rod; 42: Guide seat; 421: Guide groove; 5: Third guide mechanism; 51: First connecting rod; 52: Second connecting rod; 53: Slide; 54: Roller; 6: Elastic component; 61: Partition plate; 62: Push plate; 63: Second damper; 7: Push jack; 8: Side push mechanism; 81: Side push jack; 82: Guide cylinder; 83: Side push block; 84: Mounting box; a: Groove; b: Installation space; c: Floating clearance. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To better understand the above technical solutions, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although exemplary embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that the present invention can be understood more clearly and thoroughly, and that the scope of the present invention can be fully conveyed to those skilled in the art.

[0020] Example 1 like Figure 1As shown, this embodiment of a sliding advance support device for coal mines includes a first support 1 and a second support 2. Both the first and second supports 2 include a lifting mechanism 11 and a plurality of top beams 12 installed on the top of the lifting mechanism 11. The lifting mechanisms 11 of the first support 1 and the lifting mechanisms 11 of the second support 2 are staggered and spaced apart along the length direction of the roadway, and the top beams 12 of the first support 1 and the top beams 12 of the second support 2 are staggered and spaced apart along the width direction of the roadway. The device also includes a first guide mechanism 3, a second guide mechanism 4, and a third guide mechanism 5.

[0021] Specifically, the first guide mechanism 3 is installed on the lifting mechanism 11 and corresponding to the top beam 12 to provide guidance for the top beam 12. The second guide mechanism 4 is installed between adjacent top beams 12 to provide guidance for the top beam 12. The third guide mechanism 5 is installed on the side wall of an adjacent lifting mechanism 11 to provide guidance for the lifting mechanism 11. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, multiple first guiding mechanisms 3, second guiding mechanisms 4, and third guiding mechanisms 5 are provided. Multiple first guiding mechanisms 3 are respectively installed on at least two lifting mechanisms 11, and each first guiding mechanism 3 corresponds one-to-one with multiple top beams 12, providing primary guidance for the top beams 12. Multiple second guiding mechanisms 4 are respectively installed on the opposite sidewalls of two adjacent top beams 12, providing secondary guidance for the top beams 12. Multiple third guiding mechanisms 5 are respectively installed on the sidewalls of two adjacent sets of lifting mechanisms 11, providing guidance for the lifting mechanisms 11. The advanced support device also includes a pushing jack 7. The pushing jack 7 extends along the extension direction of the roadway, and is located between two adjacent lifting mechanisms 11 in the middle of the first support 1 and the second support 2, with its two ends hinged to the two adjacent lifting mechanisms 11 respectively. At least two pushing jacks 7 are provided, such as... Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment has two push jacks 7, but their number is not limited. When the support needs to be moved, the telescopic end of the push jack 7 can push the first support 1 or the second support 2, causing the first support 1 or the second support 2 to move one step along the extension direction of the roadway. Then, the telescopic end of the push jack 7 can pull the second support 2 or the first support 1, causing the second support 2 or the first support 1 to move one step along the extension direction of the roadway, thereby realizing that the entire advanced support device moves one step along the extension direction of the roadway. It should be noted that the push jack 7 pushing and pulling the first support 1 and the second support 2 in this embodiment is prior art, and will not be described in detail here.

[0022] By setting up a first guiding mechanism 3, a second guiding mechanism 4, and a third guiding mechanism 5, the first guiding mechanism 3 corresponds to the top beam 12, thereby providing primary guidance for the movement direction of the top beam 12. The second guiding mechanism 4 is installed between adjacent top beams 12, thereby providing secondary guidance for the movement direction of the top beam 12. The third guiding mechanism 5 is installed on the side wall of the adjacent lifting mechanism 11 to guide the lifting mechanism 11. This achieves a coordinated guiding effect on the top beam 12 and the lifting mechanism 11, providing full guidance and constraint on the movement direction and path of the first support 1 and the second support 2 during the stepping process of the advanced support device. This effectively reduces the probability of the first support 1 and the second support 2 deviating during stepping movement due to their hinged connection when the pushing jack 7 in the advanced support device pushes or pulls them. This significantly improves the accuracy and stability of the movement direction and path of the first support 1 and the second support 2 during stepping movement, avoids scraping or colliding between the two sides of the advanced support device and the two side walls of the roadway, reduces the probability of overturning accidents, improves the safety of the advanced support device when supporting the roof of the roadway, reduces the interruption of mining operations caused by the deviation of the advanced support device, and improves the mining efficiency of the working face. Moreover, it eliminates the need for manual correction operations, reducing the labor intensity of underground workers.

[0023] Furthermore, such as Figures 1-5 As shown, the lifting mechanism 11 includes a support beam 111 and two sets of lifting components 112. The support beam 111 is horizontally arranged and extends along the width direction of the roadway. Both sets of lifting components 112 are vertically arranged. The two ends of the support beam 111 are respectively connected to the top of the two sets of lifting components 112. Top beams 12 are installed on the top of the support beam 111 along the length direction of the roadway, that is, multiple top beams 12 extend along the length direction of the roadway and are installed on the top of the support beam 111. The first guiding mechanism 3 includes a support seat 31. The bottom of the support seat 31 is fixedly installed on the top of the support beam 111. The top of the support seat 31 is provided with a groove a extending along the length of the roadway. The top beam 12 corresponding to the support seat 31 is slidably placed in the groove a to guide the movement of the top beam 12 and thereby constrain the movement direction of the corresponding top beam 12, preventing the top beam 12 from deviating during movement. This improves the movement accuracy of the top beam 12 when sliding relative to the support beam 111, ensuring its straight-line movement and reducing the risk of support posture instability caused by the deviation of the top beam 12.

[0024] Furthermore, such as Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, the support 31 includes a support plate 311, two first mounting plates 312, and two second mounting plates 313. The two first mounting plates 312 and the two second mounting plates 313 are vertically mounted on the top of the support beam 111. The two first mounting plates 312 are spaced apart along the width of the tunnel, and the two second mounting plates 313 are spaced apart along the length of the tunnel. The two first mounting plates 312 and the two second mounting plates 313 are connected end-to-end to form a rectangular installation space b. The top of the first mounting plate 312 extends beyond the top of the second mounting plate 313. The support plate 311 is vertically and slidably mounted on the opposite sidewalls of the two first mounting plates 312, and the support plate 311 and the two first mounting plates 312 form a groove a. This ensures that the portion of the two first mounting plates 312 extending beyond the second mounting plates 313 limits the top beam 12, ensuring that the groove a always guides the top beam 12 and prevents it from shifting.

[0025] Furthermore, the support 31 also includes at least one first damper 314. The at least one first damper 314 is vertically installed within the installation space b. Both ends of the at least one first damper 314 are connected to the top of the support beam 111 and the bottom of the bearing plate 311, respectively. This provides buffering and rebound forces to the bearing plate 311 and the top beam 12 when the bearing plate 311 supports its corresponding top beam 12, thereby enabling the support 31 to flexibly support its corresponding top beam 12 and reducing the risk of damage or deformation due to a hard collision with the corresponding support beam 111. When the advanced support device needs to move, the top beam 12 of the first support 1 or the second support 2 that needs to be moved needs to be vertically lowered a certain distance by the drive of the lifting assembly 112. At this time, the top beam 12 descends accordingly, causing the top beam 12 to press down on the corresponding bearing plate 311. The supporting plate 311 moves downward due to the continuous downward pressure of the top beam 12, while the multiple first dampers 314 contract to provide buffering force for the supporting plate 311 and the top beam 12. In other words, the multiple first dampers 314 also provide rebound force for the supporting plate 311 and the top beam 12, thereby achieving flexible support of the top beam 12 by the supporting plate 311. When the top of the supporting plate 311 abuts against the top of the two second mounting plates 313 below it, the supporting plate 311 descends to its lowest position, thus limiting the downward stroke of the top beam 12. This not only achieves flexible support of the top beam 12 by the supporting plate 311, but also limits the downward stroke of the top beam 12, preventing excessive descent and structural damage, and reducing the structural damage rate of the top beam 12, the supporting beam 111, and the supporting seat 31. Simultaneously, as the top beam 12 continues to press down on the supporting plate 311, the depth of the groove a increases, thereby increasing the depth at which the groove a can accommodate the top beam 12, further improving the guidance of the top beam 12. When the top beam 12 is vertically raised and re-supported by the lifting assembly 112, the multiple first dampers 314 provide a restoring force to the bearing plate 311, that is, the multiple first dampers 314 are stretched, causing the bearing plate 311 to return to its initial position. Preferably, in the initial position, the bearing plate 311 is in contact with the top beam 12, thereby providing a pushing force towards the top beam 12 through the multiple first dampers 314 to assist the top beam 12 in supporting the roadway roof. Furthermore, in the initial state, there is a gap between the bearing plate 311 and the second mounting plate 313.

[0026] The support plate 311 is slidably connected to two first mounting plates 312 on both sides along the width of the roadway via T-blocks and T-slots, thereby guiding the vertical movement of the support plate 311 and preventing it from deviating. Furthermore, multiple first dampers 314 are evenly distributed to provide uniform buffering and rebound forces to the support plate 311, reducing the probability of tilting and preventing jamming during lifting and lowering. Additionally, rubber pads are fixedly installed on the top of each of the two second mounting plates 313, allowing for flexible contact between the support plate 311 and the first mounting plates 312, preventing hard contact and reducing the structural damage rate of the support 31.

[0027] Furthermore, such as Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the second guiding mechanism 4 includes a guide rod 41 and a guide seat 42. The guide rod 41 and the guide seat 42 are respectively installed on the opposite side walls of two adjacent top beams 12. The guide seat 42 has a guide groove 421 extending along the length of the roadway on the side facing the guide rod 41. The end of the guide rod 41 facing the guide seat 42 extends into the guide groove 421 and is slidably connected to the guide seat 42. It can use the guide groove 421 to accurately guide the sliding limit of the guide rod 41, ensuring that the top beam 12 that needs to be moved can move in a straight line, further improving the stepping accuracy of the advance support device and reducing the probability of movement deviation. Moreover, the length of the guide groove 421 is slightly greater than or equal to the distance that the top beam 12 moves along the extension direction of the roadway, thereby enabling control of the movement stroke of the advance support device.

[0028] Furthermore, the top and bottom walls of one end of the guide rod 41, which extends into the guide groove 421, have floating gaps c with the top and bottom walls of the guide groove 421, respectively. The floating gap c is the lifting distance of the top beam 12 during movement. This allows the top beam 12 to be vertically lowered relative to the adjacent top beam 12 in the second support 2 or the first support 1 when it needs to move, via the lifting mechanism 11 in the first support 1 or the second support 2. After reaching its position, the corresponding top beam 12 is vertically raised relative to the adjacent top beam 12 in the second support 2 or the first support 1, via the lifting mechanism 11 in the first support 1 or the second support 2, to continue supporting the roof of the roadway. By setting the floating gap c, redundant space is provided for the top beam 12 during vertical lifting, preventing the lifting top beam 12 from being unable to lift relative to the top beam 12 in the supported state, and preventing interference or jamming between the two.

[0029] Among them, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, in this embodiment, the guide rods 41 are all installed on the side wall of the top beam 12 in the second bracket 2, and the guide seats 42 are all installed on the side wall of the top beam 12 in the first bracket 1. Of course, the installation positions of the guide seats 42 and guide rods 41 depend on the specific structure of the advanced support device, and their installation positions are not limited here.

[0030] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figures 9-12 As shown, the third guiding mechanism 5 includes a first connecting rod 51, a second connecting rod 52, and a slide block 53. The lifting assembly 112 includes a telescopic column 1121, the outer wall of which has a vertically arranged slide groove 11211. Two slide blocks 53 are installed in the slide groove 11211, and the two slide blocks 53 can move towards or away from each other along the slide groove 11211. The first connecting rod 51 and the second connecting rod 52 both extend along the length of the tunnel, and their two ends are rotatably connected to the corresponding slide blocks 53 on two adjacent telescopic columns 1121 along the length of the tunnel, respectively. The first connecting rod 51 and the second connecting rod 52 are staggered and hinged at the middle, and there is an included angle between the first connecting rod 51 and the second connecting rod 52. When the first support 1 or the second support 2 moves, the moving telescopic column 1121 can push the first connecting rod 51 and the second connecting rod 52 to rotate around their hinge axis, thereby driving the two sliding blocks 53 in each sliding groove 11211 to move towards or away from each other, thus providing guidance for the movement of the telescopic column 1121.

[0031] By setting a first link 51 and a second link 52, which are staggered and hinged, and having their ends connected to the sliding blocks 53 in the grooves 11211 of adjacent telescopic columns 1121, the telescopic columns 1121 in the moving lifting mechanism 11 can push the first link 51 and the second link 52 when the second support 2 steps forward, thereby causing the two sliding blocks 53 in the same groove 11211 to move in opposite directions. After the second support 2 finishes its stepping movement, when the first support 1 steps forward, the telescopic columns 1121 in the moving lifting mechanism 11 pull the first link 51 and the second link 52, thereby causing the two sliding blocks 53 in the same groove 11211 to move towards each other. This guides the lifting mechanism 11, further guiding the path and direction of the movement of the first support 1 and the second support 2, thus providing stable geometric constraints and path guidance for the movement of the telescopic columns 1121, further improving the accuracy of the movement direction of the advanced support device during movement, and reducing the probability of the advanced support device deviating during movement.

[0032] Each slide block 53 can move a distance slightly greater than or equal to the distance the first support 1 or the second support 2 can move along the extension direction of the roadway, thereby further enabling control of the movement stroke of the advance support device.

[0033] It should be noted that the stepping distance of the advanced support device is generally 0.7m. Therefore, the length of the guide groove 421 and the distance that the slide block 53 moves within the slide groove 11211 are slightly greater than or equal to 0.7m. Of course, the stepping distance depends on the on-site construction and structural design, and its length and distance are not limited here.

[0034] Furthermore, such as Figure 11 As shown, the third guiding mechanism 5 also includes multiple rollers 54. Each slide 53 has multiple rollers 54 rotatably mounted on both sides along the length of the roadway. The multiple rollers 54 are rolledly connected to the slide groove 11211, which can convert the sliding friction between the slide 53 and the slide groove 11211 into rolling friction, thereby reducing the frictional resistance and wear of the slide 53 when it moves. This improves the flexibility of the slide 53 moving along the slide groove 11211 and the smoothness of the guiding mechanism, and reduces jamming and energy loss caused by increased frictional resistance.

[0035] Furthermore, the slide 11211 is also equipped with an elastic component 6. The elastic component 6 is fixedly installed in the slide groove 11211 and located in the middle of the slide groove 11211. The two ends of the elastic component 6 facing the two slide blocks 53 are the pushing ends. The pushing ends can abut against their corresponding slide blocks 53. During the movement of the slide blocks 53, the pushing ends apply elastic support and restoring force to the slide blocks 53 to support and push the slide blocks 53, thereby improving the positional stability of the slide blocks 53 when they move in the slide groove 11211. This prevents the first link 51 and the second link 52 from being unable to rotate when the first support 1 or the second support 2 moves due to excessive movement of the two slide blocks 53 in the same slide groove 11211. In other words, the guiding effect of the third guide mechanism 5 fails, thereby preventing the first support 1 or the second support 2 from being unable to continue moving. This improves the stability of the third guide mechanism 5, ensuring that the slide blocks 53 can move stably in the slide groove 11211, and also ensuring that the first link 51 and the second link 52 can rotate with the movement of the first support 1 or the second support 2.

[0036] Furthermore, such as Figure 12As shown, the elastic component 6 includes a partition 61, two push plates 62, and a plurality of second dampers 63. The partition 61 is fixedly installed in the slide groove 11211, the two push plates 62 are push ends, and the two push plates 62 are respectively installed on both sides of the partition 61 facing the two slide blocks 53 through the plurality of second dampers 63. The slide 53 can abut against its corresponding slide 53, and the second damper 63 can provide buffering force and pushing force for the push plate 62 and the slide 53. In this way, the compression deformation of the second damper 63 is used to absorb the impact force of the two slides 53 moving in opposite directions and to push the two slides 53 moving in opposite directions. That is, when the second support 2 moves forward relative to the first support 1 from the initial position, the two slides 53 apply pushing force to the two push plates 62 through multiple second dampers 63, so that the two push plates 62 can actively push the slides 53, so that the two slides 53 can move in opposite directions more smoothly. This avoids the angle between the first link 51 and the second link 52 in the direction of extension of the roadway being too small, which would prevent the slides 53 from moving. This ensures that the slides 53 can move along the slide groove 11211, and further ensures that the second support 2 can move, preventing it from getting stuck. When the second support 2 is in place, as the first support 1 moves forward relative to the second support 2 from its initial position, the lifting mechanism 11 in the first support 1 pulls the first connecting rod 51 and the second connecting rod 52, causing the two slides 53 to move towards each other, and the angle between the first connecting rod 51 and the second connecting rod 52 in the direction of extension of the roadway decreases. When the first support 1 is in place, the two slides 53 press against their corresponding two push plates 62, and the multiple second dampers 63 are compressed, thereby providing a buffering force for the two slides 53.

[0037] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 As shown, the lifting assembly 112 includes the aforementioned telescopic column 1121 and two lifting jacks 1122. The telescopic column 1121 includes an outer column and an inner column, with the outer column fitted over the inner column. The top of the outer column is fixedly mounted on the mounting box 84. The two lifting jacks 1122 are located on either side of the telescopic column 1121 along the extension direction of the tunnel, and both lifting jacks 1122 are vertically arranged, with their ends hinged to the inner column and the mounting box 84, respectively. The two lifting jacks 1122 can extend and retract synchronously, thereby driving the first support 1 or the second support 2 to rise and fall. The telescopic column 1121 guides the extension and retraction of the lifting jacks 1122, preventing the lifting jacks 1122 from tilting or shifting during the lifting process, thus improving the lifting accuracy and stability of the lifting jacks 1122. A groove 11211 is formed on the sidewall of the outer column facing the adjacent tunnel sidewall.

[0038] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 9 and Figure 10As shown, it also includes a side-pushing mechanism 8. The side-pushing mechanism 8 includes a side-pushing jack 81, a side-pushing block 83, a guide cylinder 82, and a mounting box 84. The mounting box 84 is horizontally arranged and fixedly connected to the top of the telescopic column 1121. The tops of the two lifting jacks 1122 are hinged to the mounting box 84. The guide cylinder 82 extends along the width direction of the roadway and is horizontally and fixedly inserted into the mounting box 84. The side-pushing jack 81 extends along the width direction of the roadway and is inserted into the guide cylinder 82. The end of the side-pushing jack 81 facing the advanced support device is hinged to the guide cylinder 82, and the end of the side-pushing jack 81 away from the advanced support device is hinged to the side-pushing block 83. The side-pushing block 83 is vertically arranged and located between the mounting box 84 and the roadway sidewall. The side-push jack 81 can drive the side-push block 83 to move horizontally towards or away from the sidewall of the roadway, thereby supporting the sidewall of the roadway. Specifically, when the advance support device is in operation, the telescopic end of the side-push jack 81 extends, driving the side-push block 83 horizontally towards the sidewall of the roadway, causing the side-push block 83 to abut against the sidewall of the roadway. The side-push jack 81 then applies a pushing force to the sidewall of the roadway, thus providing stable support for the sidewall. When the advance support device moves, the telescopic end of the side-push jack 81 retracts, driving the side-push block 83 horizontally away from the sidewall of the roadway, causing the side-push block 83 to disengage from the sidewall of the roadway, thereby enabling the advance support device to move forward. Moreover, by setting the guide cylinder 82, on the one hand, it can provide a hinge position for the side push jack 81, and on the other hand, it can also provide guidance for the extension and retraction of the extension end of the side push jack 81. This allows the extension and retraction end of the side push jack 81 to extend and retract horizontally along its own axis stably during extension and retraction, preventing it from tilting. This improves the stability and accuracy of the movement of the side push block 83.

[0039] Preferably, at least two side-push jacks 81 and guide cylinders 82 are provided, such as... Figure 10As shown, in this embodiment, there are two side-push jacks 81 and guide cylinders 82, and the two side-push jacks 81 and the two guide cylinders 82 are installed in a one-to-one correspondence. The telescopic ends of the two side-push jacks 81 can extend and retract synchronously, thereby jointly driving the side-push block 83 to move horizontally toward or away from the side wall of the roadway, further improving the stability and accuracy of the movement of the side-push block 83. Furthermore, the side of the push block 83 facing the roadway sidewall includes a vertical plate and two inclined plates. The top and bottom of the vertical plate are fixedly connected to the two inclined plates, respectively. The ends of the two inclined plates away from the vertical plate are inclined towards the direction of the advanced support device. The vertical plate and the two inclined plates can form a trapezoidal structure, and the connection between the inclined plates and the vertical plate adopts an arc-shaped transition structure. This increases the bending moment of inertia of the side push block 83 in the horizontal thrust direction, significantly improving the structural stiffness and bending strength of the side push block 83. This ensures that the side push block 83 is not prone to bending deformation or fracture under high pressure support force, thus ensuring the structural reliability of the side push block 83 while providing stable support for the roadway sidewall. Moreover, the arc-shaped transition structure between the vertical plate and the inclined plate can provide guidance for the side push block 83 when it initially hits the roadway sidewall. In other words, the hinge axis of the side-push jack 81, which is hinged to the side-push block 83 at one end, extends horizontally along the direction of the roadway. This causes the side-push block 83 to rotate vertically as the side-push jack 81 pushes it. Therefore, when the side-push block 83 initially touches the sidewall of the roadway, the inclined plate or arc-shaped structure will touch the sidewall first. Thus, the inclined surface of the inclined plate and the arc-shaped structure cause the side-push block 83 to rotate around the axis of the hinge axis, allowing the entire surface of the vertical plate to abut against the sidewall of the roadway. As the telescopic end of the side-push jack 81 continues to extend, the vertical plate can stably abut against the sidewall of the roadway, thereby providing stable support for the sidewall of the roadway.

[0040] Example 2 Based on the structure of the sliding pre-support device for coal mines in Embodiment 1, this embodiment proposes a method for moving the sliding pre-support device for coal mines, the specific steps of which are as follows: Before the frame is moved, both the first support 1 and the second support 2 are in a supported state, that is, each top beam 12 is against the roof of the roadway, and each side push block 83 is against the side wall of the roadway.

[0041] S1: When moving the frame, activate each side push jack 81 to retract its telescopic end, which will drive the side push block 83 to move horizontally away from the side wall of the roadway until the side push block 83 disengages from the side wall of the roadway.

[0042] S2: The lifting jacks 1122 in the second support 2 retract synchronously, causing the top beams 12 in the second support 2 to descend vertically and disengage from the roof of the tunnel. During the descent of the top beams 12, the corresponding bearing plates 311 move downward due to the pressure of the top beams 12. At this time, the first damper 314 is compressed, and the bearing plates 311 slide vertically along the first mounting plate 312 and move towards the top of the second mounting plates 313 until the bearing plates 311 abut against the rubber pads on the top of the two second mounting plates 313. At this time, the support 31 supports the top beams 12, and the bottom wall of the top beams 12 penetrates into the groove a formed by the bearing plates 311 and the first mounting plates 312. This achieves a primary guide for the movement direction of the top beams 12 by the groove a, preventing the top beams 12 from laterally deflecting during subsequent horizontal movement. During the vertical descent of the top beam 12, the floating gap c between the guide rod 41 and the guide groove 421 provides redundant space for the descent distance of the top beam 12. Moreover, when the support seat 31 fully supports the top beam 12, the bottom wall of the guide rod 41 fits against the bottom wall of the guide groove 421.

[0043] S3: Drive the push jack 7 located in the middle of the first support 1 and the second support 2, so that its telescopic end extends out and pushes the second support 2 to move one step along the extension direction of the roadway.

[0044] S31: During the stepping process of the second support 2, the multiple top beams 12 in the second support 2 slide relative to each other along the groove a of the corresponding support seat 31 of the first support 1, thereby achieving one-time guidance of the multiple top beams 12 in the second support 2.

[0045] S32: The guide rod 41 in the second guide mechanism 4 slides relative to the guide groove 421 in the guide seat 42 on the adjacent top beam 12, thereby providing secondary guidance for the moving top beam 12.

[0046] S33: The first link 51 and the second link 52 in the third guide mechanism 5 rotate around the hinge axis in the middle of the two, and the pushing end of the elastic component 6 actively pushes against the slide 53, and drives the two slides 53 in the same slide groove 11211 to move in opposite directions, thereby realizing the guidance of the telescopic column 1121, that is, the guidance of the lifting mechanism 11.

[0047] S4: After the second support 2 has traveled one step to its position, the lifting jacks 1122 in the second support 2 are simultaneously extended, causing the top beams 12 in the second support 2 to rise vertically and re-support the roof of the roadway. During the rising of the top beams 12, the first damper 314 provides a rebound force to the bearing plate 311 and stretches it back to its original position, causing the bearing plate 311 to push the top beams 12 upwards, providing auxiliary support force for the top beams 12.

[0048] S5: Drive the side-push jack 81 on the second support 2 to extend its telescopic end, push the side-push block 83 towards the sidewall of the roadway, so that the vertical plate of the side-push block 83 abuts against the sidewall of the roadway, restoring the support for the sidewall of the roadway. This completes the movement of the second support 2 by one step.

[0049] S6: The second support 2 moves one step, and its top beam 12 re-supports the roof of the roadway. Then, each side push jack 81 is activated, causing its telescopic end to retract, which drives the side push block 83 to move horizontally away from the roadway sidewall until the side push block 83 disengages from the roadway sidewall.

[0050] S7: The lifting jacks 1122 in the first support 1 retract synchronously, causing the top beams 12 in the first support 1 to descend vertically and disengage from the roof of the tunnel. During the descent of the top beams 12, the corresponding bearing plates 311 move downward due to the pressure of the top beams 12. At this time, the first damper 314 is compressed, and the bearing plates 311 slide vertically along the first mounting plate 312 and move towards the top of the second mounting plates 313 until the bearing plates 311 abut against the rubber pads on the tops of the two second mounting plates 313. At this time, the support 31 supports the top beams 12, and the bottom wall of the top beams 12 penetrates into the groove a formed by the bearing plates 311 and the first mounting plates 312. This achieves a primary guide for the movement direction of the top beams 12 by the groove a, preventing the top beams 12 from laterally deflecting during subsequent horizontal movement. During the vertical descent of the top beam 12, the floating gap c between the guide rod 41 and the guide groove 421 provides redundant space for the descent distance of the top beam 12. Moreover, when the support seat 31 fully supports the top beam 12, the bottom wall of the guide rod 41 fits against the bottom wall of the guide groove 421.

[0051] S8: Drive the push jack 7 located in the middle of the first support 1 and the second support 2, so that its telescopic end retracts and pulls the first support 1 to move one step along the extension direction of the roadway.

[0052] S81: During the stepping process of the first support 1, the multiple top beams 12 in the first support 1 slide relative to each other along the groove a of the upper support seat 31 in the corresponding second support 2, thereby achieving one-time guidance of the multiple top beams 12 in the first support 1.

[0053] S82: The guide seat 42 in the second guide mechanism 4 slides relative to the guide rod 41 on its adjacent top beam 12 through the guide groove 421 thereon, thereby providing secondary guidance for the top beam 12 of the first support 1 as it moves.

[0054] S83: The first link 51 and the second link 52 in the third guide mechanism 5 rotate around the hinge axis in the middle of them, and drive the two slide blocks 53 in the same slide groove 11211 to move towards each other, thereby realizing the guidance of the telescopic column 1121, that is, the guidance of the lifting mechanism 11.

[0055] S9: When the first support 1 moves one step into place, the two slide blocks 53 in the same slide groove 11211 in the first support 1 abut against the two corresponding push plates 62 respectively, and the second damper 63 is compressed at this time.

[0056] S10: The lifting jacks 1122 in the first support 1 extend synchronously, driving the top beams 12 in the first support 1 to rise vertically and re-support the roof of the roadway. During the rising of the top beams 12, the first damper 314 provides a rebound force to the bearing plate 311 and stretches it back to its original position, causing the bearing plate 311 to push the top beams 12 upwards, providing auxiliary support force for the top beams 12.

[0057] S11: Drive the side-push jack 81 on the first support 1 to extend its telescopic end, push the side-push block 83 towards the sidewall of the tunnel, so that the vertical plate of the side-push block 83 abuts against the sidewall of the tunnel, restoring the support for the sidewall of the tunnel. This completes the movement of the first support 1 by one step.

[0058] S12: Through steps S1-S11, the entire advanced support device is moved one step and the support for the roadway roof is restored.

[0059] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0060] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0061] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that they are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," or "on top" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," or "beneath" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0062] In the description of this specification, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0063] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make modifications, alterations, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sliding advance support device for coal mines, comprising a first support (1) and a second support (2), each of the first and second supports comprising a lifting mechanism (11) and a plurality of top beams (12) mounted on the top of the lifting mechanism (11); the lifting mechanisms (12) of the first support (1) and the lifting mechanisms (12) of the second support (2) are staggered and spaced apart along the length direction of the roadway, and the top beams (12) of the first support (11) and the top beams (12) of the second support (2) are staggered and spaced apart along the width direction of the roadway, characterized in that, It also includes a first guiding mechanism (3), a second guiding mechanism (4) and a third guiding mechanism (5); The first guide mechanism (3) is installed on the lifting mechanism (11) and corresponding to the top beam (12) to provide guidance for the top beam (12); The second guide mechanism (4) is installed between adjacent top beams (12) to provide guidance for the top beams (12); The third guide mechanism (5) is installed on the side wall of the adjacent lifting mechanism (11) to provide guidance for the lifting mechanism (11).

2. The sliding advance support device for coal mines as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting mechanism (11) includes a support beam (111) and two sets of lifting components (112). The supporting beam (111) is horizontally arranged and extends along the width direction of the roadway; Both sets of lifting components (112) are vertically arranged, and the two ends of the supporting beam (111) are respectively connected to the top of the two sets of lifting components (112). The top beam (12) is installed on the top of the supporting beam (111) along the length of the tunnel. The first guiding mechanism (3) includes a support seat (31), the bottom of which is fixedly installed on the top of the support beam (111). The top of the support seat (31) is provided with a groove (a) extending along the length of the tunnel. The top beam (12) corresponding to the support seat (31) is slidably placed in the groove (a) to guide the movement of the top beam (12).

3. The sliding advance support device for coal mines as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The support (31) includes a bearing plate (311), two first mounting plates (312) and two second mounting plates (313). Two first mounting plates (312) and two second mounting plates (313) are vertically mounted on the top of the supporting beam (111). The two first mounting plates (312) are spaced apart along the width direction of the tunnel, and the two second mounting plates (313) are spaced apart along the length direction of the tunnel. The two first mounting plates (312) and the two second mounting plates (313) are connected end to end to form a rectangular installation space (b). The top of the first mounting plate (312) extends beyond the top of the second mounting plate (313), and the support plate (311) is vertically slidably mounted on the opposite sidewalls of the two first mounting plates (312), and the support plate (311) and the two first mounting plates (312) form the groove (a).

4. The sliding advance support device for coal mines as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The support (31) also includes at least one first damper (314). At least one of the first dampers (314) is vertically installed in the installation space (b), and the two ends of the at least one first damper (314) are respectively connected to the top of the support beam (111) and the bottom of the bearing plate (311) so that when the bearing plate (311) carries its corresponding top beam (12), it provides buffering force and rebound force for the bearing plate (311) and the top beam (12).

5. The sliding advance support device for coal mines as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The second guiding mechanism (4) includes a guide rod (41) and a guide seat (42); The guide rod (41) and the guide seat (42) are respectively installed on the opposite side walls of two adjacent top beams (12), and the guide seat (42) has a guide groove (421) extending along the length of the roadway on the side facing the guide rod (41). One end of the guide rod (41) facing the guide seat (42) extends into the guide groove (421) and is slidably connected to the guide seat (42).

6. The sliding advance support device for coal mines as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The top and bottom walls of one end of the guide rod (41) extending into the guide groove (421) have floating gaps (c) with the top and bottom walls of the guide groove (421), respectively, and the floating gaps (c) are the lifting distance of the top beam (12) during the movement.

7. The sliding advance support device for coal mines as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The third guide mechanism (5) includes a first link (51), a second link (52), and a slide (53); The lifting assembly (112) includes a telescopic column (1121), and the outer side wall of the telescopic column (1121) is provided with a vertically arranged slide groove (11211). Two slide blocks (53) are installed in the slide groove (11211), and the two slide blocks (53) can move towards each other or away from each other along the slide groove (11211). The first connecting rod (51) and the second connecting rod (52) both extend along the length of the tunnel, and their two ends are respectively rotatably connected to the corresponding slides (53) on two adjacent telescopic columns (1121) along the length of the tunnel. The first connecting rod (51) and the second connecting rod (52) are staggered and hinged in the middle. There is an included angle between the first connecting rod (51) and the second connecting rod (52). When the first bracket (1) or the second bracket (2) moves, the moving telescopic column (1121) can push the first connecting rod (51) and the second connecting rod (52) to rotate around their hinge axis, so as to drive the two sliding blocks (53) in each of the sliding grooves (11211) to move towards or away from each other, thereby providing guidance for the movement of the telescopic column (1121).

8. The sliding advance support device for coal mines as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The slide (11211) is also provided with an elastic component (6); The elastic component (6) is fixedly installed in the slide groove (11211) and located in the middle of the slide groove (11211). The two ends of the elastic component (6) facing the two slide blocks (53) are the pushing ends. The pushing ends can abut against the corresponding slide blocks (53) to support and push the slide blocks (53).

9. The sliding advance support device for coal mines as described in claim 8, characterized in that: The elastic component (6) includes a partition (61), two push plates (62) and a plurality of second dampers (63). The partition (61) is fixedly installed in the slide groove (11211), the two push plates (62) are the push ends, and the two push plates (62) are respectively installed on both sides of the partition (61) facing the two slide blocks (53) through a plurality of second dampers (63); The slide (53) can abut against its corresponding slide (53), and the second damper (63) can provide buffering force and pushing force for the push plate (62) and the slide (53).

10. The sliding advance support device for coal mines as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The third guide mechanism (5) also includes a plurality of rollers (54); Each of the slide blocks (53) is rotatably mounted with a plurality of rollers (54) on both sides along the length of the tunnel, and the plurality of rollers (54) are in rolling connection with the slide groove (11211).

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