Air purification and cooling guarantee method for downhole operation area and mobile positive pressure rest cabin

Abstract

The present application relates to mine safety production and operation environment guarantee technical field, especially to a kind of air purification cooling guarantee method and mobile positive pressure rest cabin in underground operation area, tail gas purification treatment, refrigeration dehumidification, positive pressure rest guarantee and clean cold air external sending function are integrated in a set of method process, it is applicable to deep high temperature and high humidity roadway and ventilation difficult area. Through the collaborative design of airflow path, the polluted air is sequentially purified and refrigeration dehumidified to form clean cold air, and then supplied to the rest space in the cabin and the operation area outside the cabin by the distribution unit simultaneously, to form a functional closed loop from the air treatment process. The rest room effectively blocks the infiltration of external polluted air by maintaining micro-positive pressure, providing a good recovery space for rotating workers, reducing the risk of heat stress and harmful gas exposure. The lateral air supply port directionally delivers clean cold air to the roadway operation area, improving the micro-environment around the workers.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mine safety production and working environment protection technology, and in particular to a method for air purification and cooling protection in underground working areas and a mobile positive pressure rest cabin. Background Technology

[0002] In underground mine tunnels, trackless diesel equipment such as loaders, dump trucks, and scrapers continuously emit diesel exhaust during tunneling, mining, transportation, and auxiliary operations, accompanied by dust and heat / humidity loads. Diesel exhaust typically contains pollutants such as carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, particulate matter, hydrocarbons, VOCs, and diesel odor. Due to the narrow tunnel spaces, complex ventilation conditions, frequent work location changes, and numerous blind spots, pollutants can easily lead to short-term, high-concentration exposures around workers.

[0003] As mining depth increases, deep tunnels commonly suffer from high temperatures, high humidity, and difficulty in heat dissipation. Workers exposed to prolonged high-temperature and high-humidity environments are prone to heat stress, fatigue buildup, heatstroke, heat exhaustion, or decreased work efficiency. Traditional methods such as general ventilation, fixed chamber cooling, or ordinary local fans are insufficient to simultaneously address diesel exhaust pollution, high temperature and humidity, and personnel rotation and rest arrangements.

[0004] Existing mobile rest cabins, rescue cabins, air purification equipment, or localized cooling equipment often focus on a single function. Even when combining purification and cooling equipment, it is still necessary to address the control logic between placement, contaminated air capture, purification intensity, cold air distribution, positive pressure inside the cabin, auxiliary cooling of the work area, and abnormal safety interlocks in dynamic underground operation scenarios. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Technical objective: In order to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a method for ensuring air purification and cooling in underground work areas. Based on real-time monitoring data and according to preset priorities and operating modes, clean cold air is distributed to rest rooms and roadway work areas in a closed loop, realizing coordinated control of work environment optimization and personnel rest protection. The invention also provides a mobile positive pressure rest chamber for implementing this protection method.

[0006] Technical Solution: To achieve the above objectives, this invention discloses a method for ensuring air purification and cooling in downhole work areas, comprising the following steps:

[0007] On-site setup steps: Place the mobile positive pressure rest cabin near the underground work area, with the air inlet of the mobile positive pressure rest cabin facing the pollution accumulation area and the side air outlet facing the personnel work area.

[0008] Environmental and equipment status monitoring steps: Collect external environmental parameters, internal environmental parameters, and equipment status parameters; external environmental parameters include at least CO concentration, NOx concentration, particulate matter concentration, and temperature and humidity; internal environmental parameters include at least temperature, relative humidity, CO2 concentration, and pressure difference between inside and outside the chamber; equipment status parameters include at least filter pressure difference and catalytic reactor temperature.

[0009] Air purification and refrigeration / dehumidification steps: Based on the monitoring results of the environmental monitoring steps, polluted air from outside the cabin is drawn in and sequentially subjected to particulate matter filtration, chemical pretreatment and gaseous pollutant purification treatment. The purified air is then refrigerated and dehumidified to form clean cold air.

[0010] Clean air dual-path distribution steps: The clean air is divided into two paths. One path is sent to the rest room to maintain a slightly positive pressure and a comfortable temperature and humidity environment inside the cabin. The other path is sent to the aisle work area through the side air outlet to form a local clean air coverage area.

[0011] Closed-loop regulation and safety interlock steps: Based on the real-time data from the environmental monitoring steps, the suction air volume, cooling capacity, and dual-path air supply ratio are automatically adjusted according to preset priorities and operating modes, and a safety interlock action is executed when an abnormal state is detected; the dual-path air supply ratio prioritizes meeting the positive pressure of the rest room and the environmental protection of the cabin.

[0012] Furthermore, in the on-site setup step, the mobile positive pressure rest cabin is arranged within a range of 10m to 30m downwind of the work site.

[0013] Furthermore, in the closed-loop regulation and safety interlocking steps, the preset priorities are as follows, from high to low: safety interlocking, rest room positive pressure protection, cabin personnel comfort protection, work area auxiliary purification and cooling, and energy-saving operation.

[0014] Furthermore, the closed-loop regulation and safety interlocking steps also include performing the following mode switching based on monitoring data:

[0015] When the concentration of pollutants outside the cabin exceeds the set threshold, switch to purification priority mode to increase the suction volume and catalytic treatment intensity.

[0016] When the outside temperature is higher than 32°C or the relative humidity is higher than 80%, switch to cooling and dehumidification priority mode to increase cooling and dehumidification capacity.

[0017] When the positive pressure in the rest room is lower than the set value, the airtight door is detected to change its opening status, or the CO2 is higher than the set value, the mode is switched to positive pressure rest priority mode to increase the amount of cold air sent into the rest room.

[0018] When the positive pressure, temperature, and humidity of the rest room meet the standards and there is pollution or heat and humidity load outside the cabin, switch to the auxiliary mode of the work area to increase the lateral air supply.

[0019] Furthermore, the safety interlock action is triggered when at least one of the following abnormal states is detected: combustible gas concentration exceeding the limit, catalytic reactor overheating, battery malfunction, compressor malfunction, or filter differential pressure exceeding the limit. The safety interlock action includes at least one of the following: stopping heating, switching to bypass ventilation, switching to safe ventilation mode, or issuing an alarm prompt.

[0020] Furthermore, in the air purification and refrigeration dehumidification process, based on environmental monitoring results and the ventilation direction of the tunnel, the exhaust fan is used to adjust the suction volume so that the polluted air passes sequentially through coarse particle filtration, high-efficiency particle filtration, and chemical pretreatment to remove large dust particles, diesel engine exhaust particles, acidic gases, and irritating components, forming pretreated air. The pretreated air enters the catalytic oxidation and adsorption treatment unit to achieve catalytic oxidation of CO and some VOCs, and to treat NOx through chemical adsorption, storage reduction, or selective catalytic treatment. Odor components and residual VOCs are further treated by adsorption materials to form purified air. The purified air is sent to the refrigeration dehumidification system, where it is cooled to below the dew point at the evaporator, and the condensate is discharged, forming clean cold air.

[0021] A mobile downhole positive pressure rest chamber includes:

[0022] A mobile chassis and a cabin disposed on top of the mobile chassis, the interior of which forms a rest area;

[0023] An exhaust gas purification air intake system is installed on the outside of the cabin and is used to draw polluted air from outside the cabin and perform multi-stage purification treatment.

[0024] A refrigeration and dehumidification system is connected to the air outlet side of the exhaust gas purification and air intake system, and is used to cool and dehumidify the purified air to form clean cold air.

[0025] The clean air distribution unit includes a distribution box and an electric distribution valve. The air inlet of the distribution box is connected to the air outlet of the refrigeration and dehumidification system. The electric distribution valve is connected to the diffuser in the rest room through the rest room air supply pipe and to the alleyway work area through the air supply outlet outside the cabin.

[0026] The environmental monitoring and intelligent control system includes multiple sensors and an explosion-proof controller installed outside and inside the cabin. The explosion-proof controller is used to collect data from each sensor and drive the exhaust gas purification air intake system, the refrigeration and dehumidification system and the electric distribution valve to operate.

[0027] Furthermore, the exhaust gas purification air intake system includes an adjustable air intake hood, a coarse pre-filter, a high-efficiency particulate filter, a chemical pretreatment layer, a catalytic oxidation and adsorption reactor, an activated carbon adsorption box, and an explosion-proof induced draft fan arranged sequentially and connected along the airflow direction; the air outlet of the explosion-proof induced draft fan is connected to the air intake side of the refrigeration and dehumidification system.

[0028] Furthermore, the environmental monitoring and intelligent control system includes an external multi-gas sensor, an external temperature and humidity sensor, and a particulate matter sensor installed outside the cabin; an internal temperature and humidity sensor and a CO2 sensor installed inside the cabin; a differential pressure sensor between the cabin and the outside installed on the cabin body; a filter differential pressure sensor and a catalytic reactor temperature sensor installed in the exhaust gas purification air intake system; and a door status detection sensor installed on the airtight door. The explosion-proof controller is used to execute the closed-loop regulation and safety interlocking steps based on the data collected by each sensor.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0030] This invention integrates exhaust gas purification, refrigeration and dehumidification, positive pressure protection, and clean cold air delivery into a single process. It can be flexibly moved along with the trackless diesel equipment operating surface and is suitable for deep, high-temperature and high-humidity tunnels and areas with poor ventilation.

[0031] Through the coordinated design of airflow paths, polluted air is sequentially purified and dehumidified to form clean, cool air, which is then simultaneously supplied by the distribution unit to the rest area inside the cabin and the work area outside, forming a functional closed loop in the air handling process. The rest area effectively blocks the infiltration of external polluted air by maintaining a slight positive pressure, providing a clean, low-temperature, and low-humidity safe recovery space for rotating workers, significantly reducing the risk of heat stress and exposure to harmful gases. At the same time, the side air outlets deliver clean, cool air directionally to the roadway work area, which can dilute, purge, and cool local pollutants, improving the microenvironment around the workers.

[0032] By incorporating positive pressure maintenance within the chamber and auxiliary air supply to the work area into a single closed-loop control method, the external working environment can be improved while ensuring personnel rest safety. Dynamic adjustment of airflow, cooling capacity, purification intensity, and air supply ratio can be achieved through multi-parameter monitoring of pollutants, temperature and humidity, CO2, differential pressure, filter differential pressure, and battery status. Safety interlock priority settings can reduce operational risks arising from catalytic heating, battery, refrigeration system, and filter blockage in complex downhole environments. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall process of the protection method of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the site layout and airflow direction;

[0035] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of the closed-loop control method of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the positive pressure rest chamber;

[0037] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of exhaust gas purification air intake, refrigeration and dehumidification system and cold air distribution unit;

[0038] Figure 6 This is a block diagram of the control logic for an environmental monitoring and intelligent control system.

[0039] In the diagram: 1. Chassis; 101. Explosion-proof battery pack; 102. Wheels; 103. Leveling outriggers; 2. Cabin; 3. Airtight door; 4. Rest area; 401. Recliner; 402. Drinking water device; 403. Emergency oxygen supply interface; 404. Environmental information display screen; 405. Diffuser; 5. Exhaust gas purification air intake system; 501. Adjustable air intake hood; 502. Coarse pre-filter; 503. High-efficiency particulate filter; 504. Chemical pretreatment layer; 505. Catalytic oxidation and adsorption reactor; 506. Activated carbon adsorption box; 507. Explosion-proof induced draft fan; 508. Filter differential pressure sensor; 509. Explosion-proof electrical... 510. Heater; 6. Flame arrestor mesh; 7. Refrigeration and dehumidification system; 801. Explosion-proof compressor; 902. Condenser; 103. Throttling element; 11. Evaporator; 12. Condensate collection and discharge assembly; 13. Hot end exhaust duct; 14. Clean air distribution unit; 15. Lounge air supply duct; 16. External air supply outlet; 17. Electric distribution valve; 18. Distribution box; 19. External multi-gas sensor; 10. External temperature and humidity sensor; 10. Internal temperature and humidity sensor; 11. Explosion-proof controller; 12. Internal and external pressure differential sensor; 13. CO2 sensor; 14. Particulate matter sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1 To be continued Figure 6 The principles and features of the present invention are described, and the examples given are only for explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0041] A method for ensuring air purification and cooling in underground work areas includes steps such as site layout, environmental and equipment status monitoring, air purification and dehumidification, dual-path distribution of clean cold air, and closed-loop regulation and safety interlocking. In this embodiment, the method of the present invention is implemented using a mobile positive pressure rest chamber.

[0042] The mobile positive pressure rest cabin includes a walking chassis 1, a cabin body 2, a rest room 4, an exhaust gas purification and air intake system 5, a cooling and dehumidification system 6, a clean cold air distribution unit 7, and an environmental monitoring and intelligent control system.

[0043] The mobile chassis 1 serves as the platform for the movement and support of this equipment. The mobile chassis 1 can adopt a rubber-wheeled, steel-wheeled, or tracked structure driven by explosion-proof batteries, or it can employ a hybrid power supply structure combining tow cable power and batteries. In this embodiment, the mobile chassis 1 adopts a rubber-wheeled structure driven by explosion-proof batteries, on which are mounted an explosion-proof battery pack 101, a mobile motor, a steering mechanism, a braking mechanism, a parking mechanism, mobile wheels 102, and hydraulically or electrically driven leveling outriggers 103. The equipment can be moved to the vicinity of the target work area via remote control, manual driving, or semi-automatic following, preferably located downwind of the trackless diesel equipment work area or near areas with concentrated personnel.

[0044] The cabin 2 is fixedly installed above the mobile chassis 1, and its interior forms a rest room 4 that can accommodate two to six workers for sitting and lying down. The main body of the cabin 2 adopts a steel frame and heat-insulating and sound-insulating composite panel structure, and the inner wall can be made of stainless steel plate, flame-retardant plate or anti-condensation coating material. The cabin 2 is equipped with an airtight door 3, observation window and emergency escape mechanism that communicate with the rest room 4.

[0045] The lounge 4 is equipped with lighting, a reclining chair 401, a drinking water dispenser 402, an emergency oxygen supply interface 403, a communication interface, and an environmental information display screen 404. A diffuser 405 is installed on the top or partition of the lounge 4. The lounge 4 maintains a slight positive pressure relative to the external tunnel environment through clean, cool air supply.

[0046] The exhaust gas purification air intake system 5 is located on the outside or rear of the compartment 2, and is used to draw polluted air containing diesel exhaust gas from outside the compartment 2 and perform multi-stage purification treatment on it. The exhaust gas purification air intake system 5 includes an adjustable air intake hood 501, a coarse pre-filter 502, a high-efficiency particulate filter 503, a chemical pretreatment layer 504, a catalytic oxidation and adsorption reactor 505, an activated carbon adsorption box 506, and an explosion-proof induced draft fan 507, which are arranged and connected in sequence along the airflow direction.

[0047] The adjustable air inlet hood 501 can direct the air inlet towards areas where pollutants tend to accumulate via a telescopic tube, universal adapter, or guide hood; the coarse pre-filter 502 is used to intercept large dust particles, mud splashes, and metal particles; the high-efficiency particulate filter 503 is used to remove fine particulate matter and diesel engine exhaust particles; the chemical pretreatment layer 504 is filled with alkaline or composite chemical adsorption materials to adsorb acidic gases, NO2, and irritating components; the activated carbon adsorption box 506 is filled with coal-based, coconut shell-based, or modified activated carbon to adsorb residual VOCs and odors; the explosion-proof induced draft fan 507 is located at the airflow end of the system, and its air inlet is connected to the air outlet side of the activated carbon adsorption box 506 to provide suction power for the entire exhaust gas purification air intake system 5.

[0048] The catalytic oxidation and adsorption reactor 505 is equipped with a metal honeycomb carrier, a ceramic honeycomb carrier, or a metal fiber carrier. A noble metal catalyst, a transition metal oxide catalyst, or a combination thereof is disposed on the surface of the carrier. An explosion-proof electric heater 509 and a temperature sensor are also included to oxidize CO and some VOCs within a suitable temperature range. For NOx, synergistic reduction can be achieved through low-temperature NO2 adsorption materials, NOx storage and reduction materials, or selective catalytic treatment materials. The catalytic oxidation and adsorption reactor 505 also includes a flame arrestor 510, an over-temperature power-off switch, a temperature upper limit interlock, and a bypass ventilation duct. Furthermore, the system includes a filter differential pressure sensor 508 and a filter cartridge life timer module to provide maintenance reminders when the filter cartridge becomes clogged.

[0049] The refrigeration and dehumidification system 6 is connected to the outlet side of the exhaust gas purification and air intake system 5. It is used to cool the purified air below the dew point and discharge condensate, forming clean, dry, and cool air. The refrigeration and dehumidification system 6 can adopt an explosion-proof vapor compression refrigeration structure, including an explosion-proof compressor 601, a condenser 602, a throttling element 603, an evaporator 604, and a condensate collection and discharge assembly 605. The outlet of the explosion-proof induced draft fan 507 is connected to the air intake side of the evaporator 604 of the refrigeration and dehumidification system 6. The explosion-proof compressor 601, condenser 602, throttling element 603, and evaporator 604 are connected in a closed loop to form a vapor compression refrigeration cycle. When the purified air flows through the evaporator 604, it is cooled below the dew point. The moisture in the air condenses and is discharged through the condensate collection and discharge assembly 605, thus obtaining clean, low-temperature, and low-humidity air. The hot-end exhaust air of the condenser 602 is guided to the outside of the cabin through an independent hot-end exhaust duct 606 to avoid thermal pollution to the rest area and air supply area.

[0050] A clean air distribution unit 7 is located on the outlet side of the refrigeration and dehumidification system 6. The clean air distribution unit 7 includes a distribution box 704, a rest room air supply duct 701, an external air outlet 702, and an electric distribution valve 703. The outlet of the evaporator 604 is connected to the inlet of the distribution box 704 of the clean air distribution unit 7. The electric distribution valve 703 distributes the clean air from the refrigeration and dehumidification system 6 into at least two paths, adjusting the air supply ratio of each path as needed: one path connects to the diffuser 405 via the rest room air supply duct 701, delivering clean air to the interior of the rest room 4 to maintain a slight positive pressure and comfortable temperature and humidity; the other path delivers clean air to the tunnel work area via the adjustable external air outlet 702, locally diluting pollutants and reducing the heat and humidity load of the work area. The external air outlet 702 is located on the side or front of the cabin 2, and its air supply angle and airflow can be adjusted via electric louvers or universal nozzles.

[0051] The environmental monitoring and intelligent control system includes an external multi-gas sensor 801, an external temperature and humidity sensor 802, and a particulate matter sensor 807 installed outside the cabin; an internal temperature and humidity sensor 803, an explosion-proof controller 804, a CO2 sensor 806 installed inside the cabin; an internal and external pressure differential sensor 805 installed on the cabin body; and necessary equipment temperature sensors. The controller 804 is electrically connected to the aforementioned sensors, the explosion-proof induced draft fan 507, the explosion-proof electric heater 509, the explosion-proof compressor 601, and the electric distribution valve 703, etc., and is used to collect sensor data, determine the equipment operating status, and adjust the equipment operation accordingly.

[0052] The method steps of the present invention are described in detail below:

[0053] S1: On-site setup steps

[0054] Move the mobile positive pressure rest cabin to the vicinity of the underground trackless diesel equipment operation area, preferably within 10m to 30m downwind of the operation point, so that the polluted air inlet faces the area where exhaust gas, dust or hot and humid air are easy to accumulate, and the side air outlet faces the personnel operation area.

[0055] In this embodiment, the trackless diesel generator operates continuously in the deep mine roadway. The ambient temperature outside the chamber is 32°C, the relative humidity is 75%, the CO concentration is 80 ppm, the NOx concentration is 10 ppm, and the particulate matter concentration is 2 mg / m³. 3 The mobile positive pressure rest chamber is positioned approximately 20 meters downwind of the work site, with the polluted air inlet facing the area where diesel equipment exhaust and hot, humid air accumulate, and the side air outlet facing the area where the workers are active.

[0056] S2: Environmental and Equipment Condition Monitoring Procedures

[0057] Sensors are used to collect external CO, NOx, particulate matter, VOCs or odor indicators, temperature and relative humidity, internal temperature, relative humidity, CO2 concentration, and pressure difference between inside and outside the chamber. At the same time, filter pressure difference, battery power, fan status, refrigeration system status and catalytic reactor temperature are also collected.

[0058] After the system is started, the controller collects signals of CO, NOx, particulate matter, temperature and humidity outside the cabin, as well as temperature and humidity, CO2 and pressure difference between the inside and outside of the cabin, with a sampling period of 5 seconds.

[0059] S3: Air purification and cooling / dehumidification steps

[0060] This step includes directional extraction of polluted air, particulate matter and chemical pretreatment, purification of gaseous pollutants, and refrigeration and dehumidification.

[0061] In the directional extraction of contaminated air step, based on the concentration of pollutants outside the cabin and the ventilation direction of the tunnel, the induced draft fan is activated and the extraction air volume is adjusted to allow the contaminated air to enter the exhaust gas purification air intake system from the target area. In this embodiment, the explosion-proof induced draft fan adjusts the total processing air volume to 1500 m³ / h, of which the initial 300 m³ / h is allocated to the rest room, and 1200 m³ / h is allocated to the other 1500 m³ / h. 3 / h is allocated to the side air supply outlet.

[0062] In the particulate matter and chemical pretreatment steps, polluted air passes through coarse particulate filtration, high-efficiency particulate filtration and chemical pretreatment in sequence to remove large dust particles, diesel exhaust particles, acidic gases and irritating components, forming pretreated air.

[0063] In the purification of gaseous pollutants, pretreated air enters the catalytic oxidation and activated carbon adsorption treatment unit to reduce CO, VOCs, odor components, and NOx, thus forming purified air. In this embodiment, the drawn air sequentially passes through coarse filtration, high-efficiency particulate filtration, chemical pretreatment, catalytic oxidation, chemical adsorption / storage reduction / selective catalysis, and activated carbon adsorption treatment. The particulate matter removal rate is 95%, the CO reduction rate is 85%, the VOCs and diesel odor reduction rate is 80%, and the NOx reduction rate is 50%.

[0064] In the refrigeration and dehumidification process, purified air is introduced into the refrigeration and dehumidification system, where it is cooled to below the dew point at the evaporator. Condensate is discharged through a condensate collection and discharge assembly, forming clean, low-temperature, and low-humidity crystalline cold air. In this embodiment, the purified air enters the refrigeration and dehumidification system, with an air-side cooling capacity of approximately 15.3 kW and a condensate flow rate of approximately 13.4 kg / h. A 16 kW-class cooling capacity and a condensate handling capacity of no less than 14 kg / h are selected. The clean cold air supply temperature is approximately 20°C.

[0065] S4: Clean Cool Air Dual-Path Distribution Steps

[0066] Clean, cool air is delivered to the distribution box and distributed via an electric distribution valve to the rest room air supply path and the lateral air supply path of the aisle work area. When the positive pressure inside the cabin is below 15Pa, the controller increases the rest room air supply volume to 350m³. 3 / h, and correspondingly reduce the lateral air supply volume.

[0067] Specifically, clean, cool air is supplied to the rest area to maintain a slight positive pressure relative to the outside environment, and the temperature, humidity, and CO2 concentration inside the cabin are kept within a set range to provide a clean and comfortable environment for rotating personnel. When rotating personnel enter the rest area, the system switches to a positive pressure rest priority mode, maintaining the cabin temperature at approximately 26°C, relative humidity at approximately 60%, pressure difference between the inside and outside of the cabin at approximately 15 Pa, and CO2 concentration inside the cabin below 1200 ppm.

[0068] When the positive pressure and comfort of the rest room meet the requirements, some or excess clean, cool air is directed into the roadway work area through the side air outlets to form a local clean, cool air coverage area, which dilutes, purifies, and cools the polluted air around the personnel. When the positive pressure and temperature and humidity of the rest room meet the standards, the controller increases the proportion of side air supply, so that the clean, cool air range reaches about 10m, forming a local clean, cool air coverage area around the workers.

[0069] S5: Closed-loop regulation and safety interlock procedures

[0070] In this embodiment, the control strategy is divided into a safety layer and a normal operation layer: the safety layer has the highest unconditional priority. Once an abnormal state is detected, all normal operation adjustments are immediately stopped and safety interlock actions are executed. In the normal operation state that is not triggered by safety interlocks, the air distribution strategy takes the positive pressure guarantee of the rest room as the primary distribution constraint, and determines the minimum air supply volume of the rest room branch accordingly. After satisfying this hard constraint, the air source side processing capacity is adjusted according to the external pollution and heat and humidity load, and the surplus is distributed to the working area branch.

[0071] Specifically, based on real-time data from environmental monitoring, the system automatically adjusts the suction air volume, cooling capacity, and dual-path air supply ratio according to preset priorities and operating modes, and executes safety interlock actions when abnormal conditions are detected. The preset priorities, from highest to lowest, are: safety interlock, rest room positive pressure protection, personnel comfort protection, auxiliary purification and cooling of the work area, and energy-saving operation.

[0072] The system operating modes, their triggering conditions, and main control actions are shown in Table 1:

[0073] Table 1 System operating modes, triggering conditions, and main control actions

[0074]

[0075] The safety interlock action is triggered when at least one of the following abnormal states is detected: combustible gas concentration exceeding the limit, catalytic reactor overheating, battery malfunction, compressor malfunction, or filter differential pressure exceeding the limit. The safety interlock action includes at least one of the following: stopping heating, switching to bypass ventilation, switching to safe ventilation mode, or issuing an alarm prompt.

[0076] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for ensuring air purification and cooling in downhole work areas, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: on site Arrangement steps: Place the mobile positive pressure rest chamber near the underground work area, with the air inlet of the mobile positive pressure rest chamber facing the pollution accumulation area and the external air outlet facing the personnel work area. Environmental and equipment status monitoring steps: Collect external environmental parameters, internal environmental parameters, and equipment status parameters; external environmental parameters include at least CO concentration, NOx concentration, particulate matter concentration, and temperature and humidity; internal environmental parameters include at least temperature, relative humidity, CO2 concentration, and pressure difference between inside and outside the chamber; equipment status parameters include at least filter pressure difference and catalytic reactor temperature. Air purification and refrigeration / dehumidification steps: Based on the monitoring results of the environmental monitoring steps, polluted air from outside the cabin is drawn in and sequentially subjected to particulate matter filtration, chemical pretreatment, and catalytic oxidation treatment of gaseous pollutants. The purified air is then refrigerated and dehumidified to form clean cold air. Clean air dual-path distribution steps: The clean air is divided into two paths. One path is sent to the rest room to maintain a slightly positive pressure and a comfortable temperature and humidity environment inside the cabin. The other path is sent to the aisle work area through the external air outlet to form a local clean air coverage area. Closed-loop regulation and safety interlock steps: Based on the real-time data from the environmental monitoring steps, the suction air volume, cooling capacity, and dual-path air supply ratio are automatically adjusted according to preset priorities and operating modes, and a safety interlock action is executed when an abnormal state is detected; the dual-path air supply ratio prioritizes meeting the positive pressure of the rest room and the environmental protection of the cabin.

2. The method for ensuring air purification and cooling in downhole work areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the on-site setup steps, the mobile positive pressure rest cabin is placed within a range of 10m to 30m downwind of the work site.

3. The method for ensuring air purification and cooling in downhole work areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the closed-loop regulation and safety interlocking steps, the preset priorities are as follows, from high to low: safety interlocking, rest room positive pressure protection, cabin personnel comfort protection, work area auxiliary purification and cooling, and energy-saving operation.

4. The method for ensuring air purification and cooling in downhole work areas according to claim 3, characterized in that, The closed-loop regulation and safety interlocking steps also include performing the following mode switching based on monitoring data: When the concentration of pollutants outside the cabin exceeds the set threshold, switch to purification priority mode to increase the suction volume and catalytic treatment intensity. When the outside temperature is higher than 32°C or the relative humidity is higher than 80%, switch to cooling and dehumidification priority mode to increase cooling and dehumidification capacity. When the positive pressure in the rest room is lower than the set value, the airtight door is detected to change its opening status, or the CO2 is higher than the set value, the mode is switched to positive pressure rest priority mode to increase the amount of cold air sent into the rest room. When the positive pressure and temperature and humidity of the rest room meet the standards and there is pollution or heat and humidity load outside the cabin, switch to the work area auxiliary mode to increase the outward air supply volume outside the cabin.

5. The method for ensuring air purification and cooling in downhole work areas according to claim 3, characterized in that, The safety interlock action is triggered when at least one of the following abnormal states is detected: combustible gas concentration exceeding the limit, catalytic reactor overheating, battery malfunction, explosion-proof compressor malfunction, or filter differential pressure exceeding the limit. The safety interlock action includes at least one of the following: stopping heating, switching to bypass ventilation, switching to safe ventilation mode, or issuing an alarm prompt.

6. The method for ensuring air purification and cooling in downhole work areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the air purification and refrigeration dehumidification process, based on environmental monitoring results and the ventilation direction of the tunnel, the exhaust fan is used to adjust the suction volume so that the polluted air passes through coarse particle filtration, high-efficiency particle filtration and chemical pretreatment in sequence to remove large dust particles, diesel engine exhaust particles, acidic gases and irritating components, forming pretreated air. Pretreated air enters the catalytic oxidation and adsorption treatment unit to achieve catalytic oxidation of CO and some VOCs, and NOx is treated by chemical adsorption, storage reduction or selective catalysis. Odor components and residual VOCs are further treated by adsorption materials to form purified air. The purified air is sent to the refrigeration and dehumidification system, where it is cooled to below the dew point at the evaporator, and the condensate is discharged to form clean cold air.

7. A mobile positive pressure rest chamber for performing the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, include: A mobile chassis and a cabin disposed on top of the mobile chassis, the interior of which forms a rest area; An exhaust gas purification air intake system is installed on the outside of the cabin and is used to draw polluted air from outside the cabin and perform multi-stage purification treatment. A refrigeration and dehumidification system is connected to the air outlet side of the exhaust gas purification and air intake system, and is used to cool and dehumidify the purified air to form clean cold air. The clean air distribution unit includes a distribution box and an electric distribution valve. The air inlet of the distribution box is connected to the air outlet of the refrigeration and dehumidification system. The electric distribution valve is connected to the diffuser in the rest room through the rest room air supply pipe and to the roadway operation area through the external air supply outlet. The environmental monitoring and intelligent control system includes multiple sensors and an explosion-proof controller installed outside and inside the cabin. The explosion-proof controller is used to collect data from each sensor and drive the exhaust gas purification air intake system, the refrigeration and dehumidification system and the electric distribution valve to operate.

8. The mobile positive pressure rest cabin according to claim 7, characterized in that, The exhaust gas purification air intake system includes an adjustable air intake hood, a coarse pre-filter, a high-efficiency particulate filter, a chemical pretreatment layer, a catalytic oxidation and adsorption reactor, an activated carbon adsorption box, and an explosion-proof induced draft fan arranged sequentially and connected along the airflow direction; the air outlet of the explosion-proof induced draft fan is connected to the air intake side of the refrigeration and dehumidification system.

9. The mobile positive pressure rest cabin according to claim 7, characterized in that, The environmental monitoring and intelligent control system includes an external multi-gas sensor, an external temperature and humidity sensor, and a particulate matter sensor installed outside the cabin; an internal temperature and humidity sensor and a CO2 sensor installed inside the cabin; a differential pressure sensor between the cabin and the outside installed on the cabin body; a filter differential pressure sensor and a catalytic reactor temperature sensor installed in the exhaust gas purification air intake system; and a door status detection sensor installed on the airtight door. The explosion-proof controller is used to execute the closed-loop regulation and safety interlocking steps based on the data collected by each sensor.

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