Multi-environment intelligent oil supply method

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of multi-environment intelligent oil supply methods, it is related to internal combustion engine fuel supply control technical field, comprising the following steps: collection oil supply environment parameter and engine operating parameter, obtain current oil supply state information, wherein, oil supply environment parameter includes ambient temperature, fuel temperature and intake pressure information, engine operating parameter includes engine speed, engine load, oil supply pressure and fuel flow rate.The application is suitable for wide temperature range, multi-altitude and complex working condition environment, through intelligent perception, fuel regulation, pressure flow closed loop, self-learning optimization and fault protection, realize low temperature wax, high altitude low fuel consumption, high temperature gas block and fast response, improve power equipment reliability, economy, intelligent level and operation safety.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of internal combustion engine fuel supply control technology, specifically to a multi-environment intelligent fuel supply method. Background Technology

[0002] With the expanding application scenarios of power equipment such as construction machinery and commercial vehicles, the operating environment of internal combustion engines is becoming increasingly diversified. These power equipment frequently operates under conditions of wide temperature ranges, varying altitudes, and complex load changes. As a crucial component of internal combustion engine power output, the fuel supply system's stability directly impacts engine starting performance, combustion efficiency, power output, and emissions. Currently, internal combustion engine fuel supply systems typically employ fixed-parameter control or closed-loop control based on single sensor feedback, delivering fuel according to preset fuel parameters and operating conditions. In low-temperature environments, diesel fuel is prone to wax deposition; at high altitudes, the thin air and reduced oxygen content alter engine combustion states; and under high-temperature and heavy-load conditions, fuel temperature rises, increasing the likelihood of vapor lock. Furthermore, during transitions between idling, acceleration, hill climbing, and heavy-load conditions, the engine demands higher fuel supply response speeds. Therefore, intelligent fuel supply control for diverse environments and operating conditions has become a vital development direction for internal combustion engine fuel systems.

[0003] Existing internal combustion engine fuel supply systems still have shortcomings in adapting to complex environments. On the one hand, current fuel supply methods typically employ a single fuel tank, fixed fuel grade, and simple temperature or pressure control strategies, making it difficult to simultaneously adapt to comprehensive changes in temperature, altitude, and engine operating conditions, resulting in low reliability across different environments. On the other hand, existing control methods lack a mechanism for integrating and analyzing environmental parameters, engine operating status, and fuel characteristics, making it impossible to adjust the fuel supply strategy in real time according to environmental changes. Under low-temperature conditions, problems such as fuel wax deposition, filter clogging, starting difficulties, and accelerated component wear are prone to occur. Under high-altitude conditions, insufficient oxygen supply can lead to rich combustion, increased black smoke, reduced power, and increased fuel consumption. Under high-temperature conditions, problems such as fuel vapor lock, fuel supply pressure fluctuations, and reduced fuel atomization are prone to occur. In addition, existing technologies lack self-learning optimization and fault diagnosis and protection capabilities, resulting in problems such as fuel supply strategy lag, insufficient transient response, power jerking, and high maintenance costs during sudden changes in operating conditions, making it difficult to meet the requirements of stable, efficient, and low-emission operation of power equipment such as construction machinery and commercial vehicles in extreme environments.

[0004] The information disclosed in the background section is only intended to enhance the understanding of the background of this disclosure, and therefore may include information that does not constitute prior art known to those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a multi-environment intelligent fuel supply method to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a multi-environment intelligent fuel supply method, comprising the following steps: Collect fuel supply environment parameters and engine operating parameters to obtain current fuel supply status information. The fuel supply environment parameters include ambient temperature, fuel temperature and intake air pressure information, and the engine operating parameters include engine speed, engine load, fuel supply pressure and fuel flow. Based on the collected fuel supply status information, the current operating environment and engine operating conditions are identified, and the corresponding environmental category and operating condition category are determined. The environmental categories include low temperature environment, high temperature environment, plain environment and high altitude environment, and the operating condition categories include idling condition, acceleration condition and climbing condition. Based on the determined environmental and operating condition categories, a fuel supply adjustment strategy is generated to control the switching of fuel supply paths between the main fuel tank and the auxiliary fuel tank, and to adjust the fuel preheating or cooling state so that the fuel temperature meets the fuel supply conditions corresponding to the current environmental and operating conditions. Based on the fuel supply adjustment strategy and the real-time collected fuel supply feedback parameters, the fuel supply pressure, fuel flow and injection control parameters are dynamically closed-loop adjusted to keep the actual fuel supply state matched with the target fuel supply state corresponding to the current environmental conditions. Data on fuel consumption, emissions, power output, and fuel supply status changes under different environmental and operating conditions are collected. Based on the collected data, the control parameters in the fuel supply regulation strategy are updated, and the updated control parameters are used to implement adaptive optimization of the subsequent fuel supply process. It can detect abnormal conditions in the fuel supply process in real time, and perform fault diagnosis and redundant protection control based on the detection results. When abnormal sensor, fuel supply actuator or fuel status is detected, it switches to the corresponding protection mode to maintain stable fuel supply operation under extreme environmental conditions.

[0007] When collecting fuel supply environment parameters and engine operating parameters, the system also collects information on the main fuel tank level, auxiliary fuel tank level, fuel grade and pour point. Furthermore, it performs correlation analysis on the collected ambient temperature, fuel temperature, intake air pressure, engine speed, engine load, fuel supply pressure, fuel flow rate, fuel tank level, and fuel characteristic parameters to obtain information on the current fuel supply status.

[0008] When identifying the current operating environment and engine operating conditions, the environmental level is classified based on the altitude calculated from the ambient temperature, fuel temperature, and intake pressure. Low-temperature environments are classified into different low-temperature levels based on the ambient temperature, high-altitude environments are classified into different altitude levels based on the altitude, and high-temperature environments are identified based on the ambient temperature or fuel temperature reaching preset conditions.

[0009] When generating fuel supply adjustment strategies based on environmental and operating condition categories, the auxiliary fuel tank is controlled to use conventional fuel supply in normal temperature and low altitude environments; in low temperature environments, the fuel in the auxiliary fuel tank is controlled to enter a preheating state, and the preheating temperature is adjusted according to the low temperature level; in high temperature environments, the fuel is controlled to enter a cooling state to reduce the fuel temperature.

[0010] Fuel preheating control in low-temperature environments includes: when the ambient temperature is between -15℃ and -5℃, controlling the fuel preheating temperature to 20-30℃; when the ambient temperature is between -30℃ and -15℃, controlling the fuel preheating temperature to 30-40℃; and when the ambient temperature is below -30℃, controlling the fuel preheating temperature to 40-50℃, and initiating low-pressure circulation and pipeline heating control to reduce the risk of fuel wax precipitation.

[0011] When dynamically and closed-loop regulating the fuel supply pressure, fuel flow rate, and injection control parameters according to the fuel supply regulation strategy, corresponding target fuel supply pressure and target fuel flow rate are set according to the environmental category. Specifically, in low-temperature environments, the target fuel supply pressure is controlled at 0.3-0.5 MPa, and the target fuel flow rate is 1.1-1.3 times the base flow rate; in high-altitude environments, the target fuel supply pressure is controlled at 0.2-0.4 MPa, and the target fuel flow rate is 0.8-0.95 times the base flow rate; and in high-temperature environments, the target fuel supply pressure is controlled at 0.4-0.6 MPa, and the target fuel flow rate is 1.0-1.2 times the base flow rate.

[0012] When dynamically adjusting the fuel supply pressure, fuel flow rate, and injection control parameters in a closed loop, the fuel supply pressure is reduced by 10%-20%, the injection quantity is reduced by 5%-15%, and the injection advance angle is delayed by 1°-3° in high-altitude environments. In high-temperature environments, the fuel is cooled to below 45°C, the fuel supply pressure is increased by 5%-10%, and the return flow rate is increased to reduce fuel vapor resistance.

[0013] The operating conditions include idling, low-speed cruising, acceleration, hill climbing, heavy load, and high-speed conditions. When a change in engine speed or engine load is detected, feedforward control combined with PID feedback control is used to adjust the fuel supply status so that the fuel supply response time is less than or equal to 200ms.

[0014] When updating the control parameters in the fuel supply regulation strategy based on the collected data, fuel consumption data, emission data, power output data, pressure fluctuation data, and fuel atomization quality data are collected under different environmental categories and operating conditions. The fuel switching temperature threshold, pressure correction coefficient, and injection advance angle control parameters are updated according to the collected data. At the same time, it supports the adaptation to new fuel grades, new operating environments, and new operating conditions through cloud OTA upgrades.

[0015] Fault diagnosis and redundancy protection control include: when a sensor fault is detected, status identification is completed based on alternative parameters; when a fuel pump or valve fault is detected, the backup fuel supply circuit is switched and an alarm is output, while power limiting protection is executed; when a risk of low-temperature wax precipitation is detected, anti-gelling fuel is switched in advance and fuel preheating control is started based on the fluctuation of fuel temperature and fuel supply pressure.

[0016] The technical effects and advantages provided by the present invention in the above technical solution are as follows: This invention is applicable to wide temperature range and multi-altitude operating environments, covering a temperature range of -40℃ to 60℃ and an altitude range of 0 to 5500m. In low-temperature environments, fuel preheating, low-pressure circulation, and pipeline heating are used to reduce fuel supply anomalies caused by fuel wax precipitation. In high-altitude environments, fuel supply pressure, injection quantity, and injection advance angle are adjusted to improve combustion under lean air conditions and avoid rich fuel combustion. In high-temperature environments, fuel cooling, pressure regulation, and return flow control reduce the probability of vapor lock and maintain a stable fuel supply process, thereby improving the reliability of power equipment operation in complex environments, with an overall reliability improvement of over 50%.

[0017] This invention enables the fuel supply process to match different operating environments and engine operating conditions by identifying environmental conditions and dynamically adjusting fuel supply parameters. In high-altitude environments, by reducing fuel supply pressure, decreasing fuel injection quantity, and adjusting the injection advance angle, excessive fuel supply is reduced, achieving fuel savings of 5%-15%. During low-temperature starts, fuel preheating and fuel circulation control improve fuel flow performance and reduce fuel consumption during the start-up phase, resulting in a fuel consumption reduction of over 30% during low-temperature starts. Simultaneously, by optimizing the combustion process, emissions of carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbons (HC), and particulate matter (PM) generated from incomplete combustion are reduced, resulting in emissions reductions of 20%-40%, thus improving the environmental performance of power equipment.

[0018] This invention addresses various operating conditions, including idling, acceleration, hill climbing, heavy load, and high speed, by employing a control method combining feedforward control and PID closed-loop regulation. This allows the fuel supply pressure and fuel flow to respond rapidly to engine operating demands. When engine load or speed changes abruptly, the system can adjust the fuel supply status within ≤200ms, ensuring synchronization between fuel supply and power demand changes and reducing power fluctuations caused by fuel supply lag. Simultaneously, during transitions between acceleration and hill climbing, it maintains continuous and stable power output, reducing jerking and improving equipment smoothness and driving experience.

[0019] This invention utilizes a built-in self-learning strategy library to continuously collect and analyze operational data under different environments, operating conditions, and fuel characteristics. Based on data such as fuel consumption, emissions, power, pressure fluctuations, and atomization quality, it automatically optimizes control parameters to achieve adaptive adjustments to the fuel supply strategy. It also supports OTA upgrades, allowing for updates to the control strategy based on new fuel grades, operating environments, and new operating condition requirements. This reduces manual adjustments and maintenance, improves the system's adaptability over long-term operation, lowers maintenance costs by more than 40%, and enhances the intelligence level of the fuel supply system.

[0020] This invention improves the operational safety of the fuel supply system in extreme environments through fault diagnosis, redundancy protection, and a low-temperature wax precipitation early warning mechanism. In case of sensor malfunction, degraded control can be implemented based on existing parameters, such as using intake pressure to estimate altitude, ensuring continuous operation of the environmental identification process. In case of pump or valve malfunction, a backup circuit can be switched and an alarm prompt can be output, while simultaneously limiting power output to reduce the impact of the fault. In low-temperature environments, the risk of wax precipitation can be identified in advance by combining fuel temperature and pressure fluctuations, allowing for timely switching to anti-gel fuel and initiation of preheating control to prevent equipment downtime due to fuel supply abnormalities and extend the service life of the power equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a block diagram of the overall structure of the multi-environment intelligent oil supply system of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the multi-environment identification and fuel switching strategy of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 This is the pressure-flow closed-loop control logic diagram of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the working state of an embodiment of the present invention under low temperature and high altitude conditions. Detailed Implementation

[0026] Exemplary embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, these exemplary embodiments can be implemented in many forms and should not be construed as limited to the examples set forth herein; rather, they are provided so that the description of this disclosure will be more complete and fully convey the concept of the exemplary embodiments to those skilled in the art.

[0027] This invention provides, for example Figures 1-4 The multi-environment intelligent fuel supply method shown has the following specific steps: The system collects various status parameters during real-time operation of the fuel supply system, forming a data foundation for environmental identification, fuel condition assessment, and subsequent fuel supply control. Specific data collected includes ambient temperature. Fuel temperature Intake pressure (converting altitude) ), engine speed Engine load Speed Oil supply pressure ,flow Information on main / auxiliary fuel tank levels and fuel grade / pour point.

[0028] Among them, ambient temperature This is used to characterize the current external ambient temperature state of the power equipment. By analyzing changes in ambient temperature, it determines whether the current operating environment is under low, high, or normal temperature conditions, providing a basis for subsequent fuel preheating, fuel cooling, and fuel supply strategy adjustments. Fuel temperature This parameter reflects the actual temperature state of fuel in the fuel supply path. It can show the temperature change of fuel after being affected by the external environment and engine operating status, and provides data support for analyzing fuel flow performance, judging fuel status and matching corresponding fuel supply control methods.

[0029] Intake pressure Used to reflect the engine's intake air environment conditions, and altitude is calculated based on changes in intake pressure. .in, This indicates the current engine intake pressure parameter. Indicates based on intake pressure The calculated current operating altitude parameters are obtained by collecting intake pressure. And convert to altitude This can determine whether the power unit is operating in a high-altitude environment, thus providing an environmental basis for subsequent fuel supply parameter adjustments. Intake conditions differ at different altitudes, affecting the engine combustion process; therefore, collecting intake pressure data is crucial. and corresponding altitude It can assist in judging the environmental status.

[0030] Engine speed Used to indicate the current operating speed of the engine, by acquiring real-time changes in engine speed, it can reflect the trend of speed changes during engine operation. Engine load. Used to indicate the current working load status of the engine, through engine load. It can determine whether the equipment is currently under light load, heavy load, or a changing load state. Vehicle speed. Used to reflect the current operating speed of a vehicle or power equipment, providing reference data for comprehensively judging operating conditions. Engine speed Engine load and vehicle speed Together, these constitute the engine operating status parameters, which can be used to identify different operating conditions such as idling, acceleration, and hill climbing.

[0031] Oil supply pressure Used to indicate the pressure status during the current fuel delivery process, by real-time monitoring of fuel supply pressure. This allows us to obtain information on pressure changes during the fuel supply process. Flow rate Used to represent the amount of fuel supplied per unit time, by collecting flow rate data. It can reflect the current fuel delivery capacity and actual fuel supply status. Fuel supply pressure. With traffic These components are interconnected and work together to evaluate whether the current fuel supply process meets the engine's operating requirements, and provide feedback for subsequent fuel supply pressure adjustments and flow control.

[0032] The main / auxiliary fuel tank level information is used to obtain the fuel storage status of different storage areas. The main fuel tank level reflects the main fuel storage capacity, while the auxiliary fuel tank level reflects the fuel storage status of the auxiliary fuel supply area. By collecting the main / auxiliary fuel tank level information in real time, the current fuel supply conditions can be understood, providing a data basis for adjusting the fuel supply path and controlling fuel switching between different tanks.

[0033] Fuel grade / pour point information indicates the type of fuel currently in use and its low-temperature flow characteristics. The fuel grade distinguishes different fuel specifications, while the pour point reflects the fuel's ability to maintain its flow state at low temperatures. This is combined with ambient temperature. With fuel temperature It can comprehensively determine whether the current fuel condition meets the operating conditions and provide a reference for control processes such as fuel preheating and preventing fuel wax precipitation in low-temperature environments.

[0034] Various parameters are acquired and aggregated in real time by the ECU, forming an information set including environmental conditions, engine operating status, fuel supply status, and fuel characteristics. The ECU then uses the acquired ambient temperature... Fuel temperature Intake pressure ,altitude Engine speed Engine load Speed Oil supply pressure ,flow The system integrates information on main / auxiliary fuel tank levels and fuel grade / pour point to comprehensively analyze the current operating status, ensuring that corresponding data support is available under different environmental conditions and operating conditions.

[0035] During parameter acquisition, all parameters are updated in real time, enabling the control process to adjust synchronously with changes in the external environment and engine operating status. Environmental parameters describe the external operating conditions of the power equipment, engine parameters describe power output requirements, fuel supply parameters describe fuel supply status, and fuel tank and fuel information describe fuel source and characteristics. Through the coordinated acquisition of these multiple parameter types, a comprehensive sensing system covering environment, operating conditions, fuel supply, and fuel status can be formed, providing accurate data input for subsequent environmental identification, fuel supply adjustment, and fuel control.

[0036] Based on the collected environmental parameters, engine operating parameters, and fuel supply status parameters, the ECU comprehensively identifies the current operating environment and engine condition. Using fuzzy algorithms and threshold judgment methods, it classifies and judges different environmental and operating states to determine the environmental and operating condition categories corresponding to the current power equipment. The identification process combines altitude information calculated from ambient temperature, fuel temperature, and intake pressure, along with engine operating status parameters, to differentiate fuel supply demands under different operating conditions, providing a basis for subsequent fuel supply adjustments.

[0037] In the environmental identification process, low-temperature environments are mainly identified based on ambient temperature. The assessment is based on the range of temperature changes, classifying different low-temperature levels, specifically including: in, This parameter represents the ambient temperature, reflecting the current external temperature conditions of the power equipment. When the ambient temperature... Meeting different threshold conditions corresponds to different levels of low-temperature operation. This is achieved through... By classifying environments, we can distinguish between general low-temperature environments, moderate low-temperature environments, and extreme low-temperature environments, providing a basis for subsequent fuel condition adjustments. Specifically, the first level of low temperature corresponds to... This is used to represent the initial stage after the temperature drops from ambient temperature to a low-temperature state; the second-order correspondence for low temperature is... This is used to indicate operating environments at even lower temperatures; the three low-temperature levels correspond to... , is used to indicate operating conditions at extreme low temperatures.

[0038] High-altitude environments are mainly determined by intake pressure. Altitude converted The identification process involves classifying different levels based on changes in altitude, specifically including: in, Indicates based on intake pressure The converted current operating altitude parameters, The unit for altitude is meters. (This is used to determine altitude.) The relationship between the threshold and the data can be used to identify whether the power equipment is currently operating in a high-altitude environment. Suitable for mild high-altitude environments. For moderate to high altitude environments. This corresponds to severe high-altitude environments. Different altitudes correspond to different air environment conditions, and the classification by altitude can provide an environmental basis for fuel supply regulation.

[0039] High-temperature environment identification combined with ambient temperature and fuel temperature A comprehensive judgment will be made, and the specific judgment criteria include: or ; in, Indicates the ambient temperature parameter. This indicates the fuel temperature parameter. When the ambient temperature... achieve Above, or fuel temperature achieve If the above conditions are met, the current operating environment is determined to be in a high-temperature state. Ambient temperature Used to reflect the external environmental thermal state, fuel temperature It is used to reflect the actual temperature state of fuel during the fuel supply process. By combining the two, the temperature change of fuel after being affected by the environment can be more accurately reflected.

[0040] During the operating condition identification process, the ECU judges the current engine operating status based on data such as engine speed, engine load and vehicle operating status, and divides the operating status into different operating conditions such as idling, low-speed cruising, acceleration, climbing, heavy load and high speed.

[0041] Among them, idling condition indicates that the engine is operating at low output, and the fuel demand is low; low-speed cruising condition indicates that the power equipment is maintaining a stable operating state at a low speed; acceleration condition indicates that the engine speed and load change, and the fuel supply needs to be adjusted quickly; climbing condition indicates that the power equipment is subject to increased external resistance, and the power output needs to be increased; heavy load condition indicates that the engine is operating at a high load for a long time, which places higher demands on the stability of the fuel supply; and high-speed condition indicates that the power equipment is operating at a high speed, and the continuity and stability of the fuel supply need to be maintained.

[0042] After identifying the environmental and operating condition categories, the ECU performs a correlation analysis between environmental factors and engine operating status. Low-temperature environments, high-altitude environments, high-temperature environments, and the interactions between different operating conditions collectively determine the current fuel supply demand. For example, in a low-temperature environment, the ambient temperature... Reducing the altitude will affect fuel flow; in high-altitude environments, altitude... Increased temperature can affect engine intake conditions; in high-temperature environments, fuel temperature... Increasing fuel consumption can affect fuel supply stability; during acceleration, climbing, and heavy-load conditions, changes in engine load can affect fuel demand.

[0043] Fuzzy algorithms are used to comprehensively judge the environmental state based on the degree of change in collected parameters, enabling the environmental identification process to adapt to continuously changing operating conditions. Threshold determination is used to quickly determine the current environmental category based on preset judgment conditions, such as... , as well as The system uses corresponding thresholds to determine low-temperature, high-temperature, and high-altitude conditions. By combining fuzzy algorithms with threshold determination, it is possible to comprehensively identify environmental and operational conditions, thereby improving the accuracy of condition assessment under different operating conditions.

[0044] After identifying the environment and operating conditions, the system can obtain the status category corresponding to the current operating conditions, including low temperature level, high altitude level, high temperature state, and engine operating condition type, providing a clear data basis for subsequent fuel supply adjustment, and enabling the fuel control process to be matched according to different environmental conditions and different operating needs.

[0045] Based on environmental identification results, the current fuel supply status is intelligently adjusted. According to the control conditions corresponding to different environmental categories, the fuel status in the small fuel tank, fuel heating status, fuel cooling status, and fuel supply parameters are matched and adjusted to adapt the fuel supply status to the current operating environment. Specifically, the small fuel tank, as an environmentally adaptable fuel supply area, performs corresponding fuel handling control based on changes in ambient temperature, altitude, and fuel temperature. Through fuel preheating, low-pressure circulation, pipeline heating, fuel cooling, and fuel supply parameter adjustment, a stable fuel delivery state is maintained under different environmental conditions.

[0046] Under normal temperature conditions, when the ambient temperature meets And the altitude meets the requirements. At this time, the current operating environment is at a normal temperature and the fuel flow performance can meet the normal fuel supply requirements. At this time, the small fuel tank uses 0# diesel or +10# diesel for normal fuel supply, the fuel heating function is not activated, and the conventional fuel supply mode is maintained.

[0047] Parameter definition: Indicates the ambient temperature parameter. This indicates the altitude parameter calculated based on the intake pressure.

[0048] Operating logic: In this state, the ambient temperature is high and the altitude is low. The fuel will not be affected by low temperature wax precipitation and the thin air at high altitude. Therefore, the small fuel tank maintains normal fuel output, so that the fuel supply system maintains basic working status.

[0049] Under low-temperature Class I environmental conditions, when the ambient temperature meets the requirements At that time, the fuel temperature is affected by the low external temperature environment, and the fuel flow performance begins to decline.

[0050] Control strategy: The small fuel tank maintains a fuel supply, while the fuel pump starts to draw fuel from the fuel supply line back to the fuel tank, allowing the fuel inside the line to re-enter the heating cycle.

[0051] Turn on the fuel preheating function to raise the fuel temperature to [temperature value missing]. The range is determined, and the preheating time is calibrated and adjusted according to the current environmental conditions.

[0052] Effect: This method ensures that the fuel reaches a suitable temperature before entering the fuel supply path, reducing the impact of low-temperature environments on the fuel delivery process.

[0053] Under low-temperature secondary environmental conditions, when the ambient temperature meets the requirements At that time, the ambient temperature further decreased, and the fuel flow performance was more significantly affected.

[0054] Control strategy: The small fuel tank continues to supply fuel, while the fuel pump draws fuel from the pipeline back to the fuel tank, ensuring that the fuel can enter the preheating cycle.

[0055] Fuel preheating temperature adjusted to The range is determined, and the corresponding preheating time is calibrated based on the current environmental conditions.

[0056] Effect: Compared to the first-level low-temperature condition, the fuel temperature rise range is increased in the second-level low-temperature environment. By increasing the preheating temperature, the fuel reaches a stable flow state, ensuring the continuity of the fuel supply process.

[0057] Under low-temperature level 3 environmental conditions, when the ambient temperature meets the requirements At that time, the operating environment is in an extremely low temperature state, and the fuel is prone to wax precipitation, which affects the fuel pipeline delivery and fuel supply stability.

[0058] Control strategy: The small fuel tank maintains the fuel supply mode, and the fuel pump draws the fuel in the pipeline back to the fuel tank.

[0059] Open Fuel preheating function.

[0060] It combines low-pressure circulation anti-wax precipitation control with pipeline heating function.

[0061] Low-pressure circulation: Used to promote continuous fuel flow and reduce the risk of wax precipitation caused by prolonged fuel residence.

[0062] Pipeline heating: Used to improve the temperature of the fuel delivery path in low-temperature environments and prevent fuel from being obstructed in the pipeline area.

[0063] Effect: By combining fuel preheating, low-pressure circulation, and pipeline heating, the fuel supply remains stable under low-temperature conditions.

[0064] In high-altitude environments, when the altitude meets the requirements At this time, the operating environment enters a high-altitude state. Due to the change in air conditions caused by the increase in altitude, the engine combustion process is affected. In order to avoid a mismatch between fuel supply and air supply conditions, the fuel supply control parameters are adjusted according to the high-altitude environment.

[0065] Parameter definition: This indicates the current operating altitude.

[0066] Control strategy: The small oil tank maintains the oil supply state, while the oil pump pressure decreases, reducing the oil supply pressure by 10%-20%.

[0067] Reduce fuel injection volume by 5%-15%.

[0068] Delay the fuel injection advance angle by 1°-3°.

[0069] Parameter description: Oil supply pressure reduction ratio: indicates the adjustment range of the oil pump output pressure relative to the basic oil supply state.

[0070] Fuel injection quantity reduction percentage: indicates the range of fuel injection quantity adjustment.

[0071] Injection advance angle retarding angle: indicates the range of delay in the injection timing relative to the baseline state.

[0072] Effect: By reducing fuel supply pressure, reducing fuel injection quantity, and adjusting the injection advance angle, the fuel supply status is adapted to high-altitude operating conditions, avoiding rich combustion due to insufficient air.

[0073] Under high-temperature conditions, when the fuel temperature meets the requirements At this time, the fuel temperature is high, which can easily lead to fuel vapor lock, affecting the stability of fuel supply pressure and the fuel delivery effect. This indicates the fuel temperature parameter.

[0074] Control strategy: The small fuel tank continues to supply fuel, while fuel cooling control is activated to lower the fuel temperature to [a certain level]. scope.

[0075] Open the fuel cooling passage valve to allow the fuel to cool down through the cooling path.

[0076] The oil pump is activated to increase the fuel supply pressure by 5%-10% and increase the return flow rate, thereby improving the fuel supply in high-temperature environments by enhancing fuel circulation.

[0077] Effects: By lowering fuel temperature, increasing fuel supply pressure, and increasing return flow, the fuel supply process is kept stable, reducing the impact of vapor lock under high temperature conditions.

[0078] Different environmental conditions require different fuel regulation strategies, depending on ambient temperature. Altitude and fuel temperature The system uses parameters to determine the current operating status and matches the control methods for ambient temperature fuel supply, low temperature preheating, high altitude fuel supply correction, and high temperature cooling. By adopting corresponding fuel adjustment methods for different environmental conditions, the fuel supply process can adapt to the operating requirements under different temperatures and altitudes.

[0079] Based on target pressure and target traffic The ECU implements real-time closed-loop regulation of pressure and fuel flow during the fuel supply process, ensuring a stable match between the actual fuel supply and current environmental conditions and engine operating requirements. During control, the ECU continuously acquires fuel supply pressure and fuel flow feedback information, and combines this with the target pressure... Target traffic Through comparative analysis, corresponding pressure regulation strategies and flow regulation strategies are generated according to different environmental categories, so that the oil supply system can maintain stable operation under low temperature, high altitude, high temperature and sudden change of operating conditions.

[0080] in, This represents the target fuel supply pressure parameter, used to indicate the desired pressure state of the fuel supply system under current environmental conditions. This represents the target fuel supply flow rate parameter, used to indicate the desired fuel delivery volume of the fuel supply system under current environmental conditions. It is achieved by setting the target pressure. and target traffic By combining the actual fuel supply pressure and actual fuel flow obtained from real-time detection, a closed-loop regulation process is formed, enabling the fuel supply status to be adjusted in a timely manner according to changes in the operating environment.

[0081] Under low-temperature conditions, the target pressure and target flow rate are adjusted based on the characteristic that decreased fuel temperature leads to a decline in fuel flow performance. The control parameters corresponding to low-temperature conditions are: in, This indicates the target oil supply pressure set under low-temperature conditions. Indicates the unit of pressure; This indicates the target fuel flow rate set under low-temperature conditions; the base flow rate indicates the fuel flow rate value corresponding to the current fuel supply system under basic operating conditions. This indicates the range of flow rate adjustment ratios. By increasing the target fuel flow rate, the fuel delivery capacity is enhanced in low-temperature environments, while maintaining appropriate fuel supply pressure, improving fuel atomization, and reducing the impact of impeded fuel flow under low-temperature conditions.

[0082] In low-temperature environments, the fuel temperature decreases, and the fuel viscosity increases, which can easily affect the fuel atomization effect during the injection process. Additionally, low temperatures can easily lead to fuel wax deposition. Setting a target pressure can help mitigate this. and target traffic This ensures a high degree of stability in the fuel supply process, guarantees a continuous flow of fuel into the injection system, improves fuel atomization, and reduces the risk of wax precipitation. Pressure and flow control under low-temperature conditions is not a fixed output but is continuously adjusted based on real-time data collected from the fuel supply status, allowing the fuel supply process to adapt to temperature changes.

[0083] In high-altitude environments, changes in air conditions place different demands on the fuel supply during engine combustion, necessitating a reduced fuel supply intensity to prevent over-fuel combustion. Therefore, the control parameters for high-altitude conditions are: in, This indicates the target fuel supply pressure under high-altitude conditions. Indicates the target pressure adjustment range; This indicates the target fuel flow rate under high-altitude conditions; the base flow rate indicates the fuel flow rate value under basic fuel supply conditions. Indicates the range of flow rate adjustment ratio. This is achieved by reducing the target fuel supply pressure. and target fuel flow Adjust to base traffic This doubles the fuel supply to match the high-altitude environment.

[0084] At high altitudes, air pressure decreases with increasing altitude, altering the engine's intake configuration. Maintaining the conventional fuel supply can easily lead to an imbalance in the fuel-air ratio, resulting in rich combustion and increased emissions. Therefore, dynamically adjusting the target pressure is crucial. and target traffic This allows the fuel supply process to be adjusted according to changes in altitude, reducing excessive fuel supply and lowering emissions. Simultaneously, closed-loop control can make real-time corrections based on actual fuel pressure and flow changes, preventing fuel supply deviations caused by environmental variations.

[0085] Under high-temperature conditions, the fuel temperature rises, which can easily lead to fuel vapor lock, causing fluctuations in fuel supply pressure and unstable fuel delivery. Therefore, the control parameters corresponding to high-temperature conditions are: in, Indicates the target oil supply pressure under high temperature conditions. Indicates the target pressure adjustment range; This indicates the target fuel flow rate under high-temperature conditions; the base flow rate indicates the fuel flow rate under the basic operating conditions of the fuel supply system. This indicates the range of fuel flow adjustment ratios. By increasing the target fuel supply pressure and maintaining fuel delivery capacity above the base flow rate, the fuel supply process remains continuous and stable under high-temperature conditions.

[0086] Fuel temperature under high temperature conditions Increasing the pressure reduces the stability of the fuel supply process; therefore, a closed-loop regulation method using pressure and flow is needed to improve the stability of the fuel supply pressure and maintain fuel flow. This is achieved by setting a target pressure. for This enables the oil supply system to maintain a stronger pressure; by setting a target flow rate. for This ensures that the fuel delivery volume meets the operating requirements under high-temperature conditions, thereby reducing the probability of vapor lock and maintaining stable fuel supply pressure.

[0087] To address varying operating conditions such as idling, acceleration, hill climbing, heavy load, and high speed, a feedforward + PID control approach is employed to improve the fuel supply system's responsiveness to transient changes. Specifically, feedforward control adjusts fuel supply parameters in advance based on changes in engine operating status, while PID control provides feedback correction based on actual fuel pressure and flow deviations, ensuring the fuel supply quickly reaches the target state. Under abrupt changes in operating conditions, the control response time meets the following requirements: Response time refers to the time elapsed from the occurrence of a change in operating conditions to the completion of the adjustment of fuel supply parameters. This indicates the response time limit value. It controls the response time. This allows the fuel supply to quickly follow changes in power demand during engine transitions from idle to acceleration and from low load to high load, reducing fuel supply lag.

[0088] During sudden changes in operating conditions, engine speed, load, and fuel demand can fluctuate rapidly. If the adjustment speed of fuel supply pressure and fuel flow is insufficient, it can cause fluctuations in power output and lead to jerking in vehicle or equipment operation. A feedforward + PID joint control method is adopted, enabling the system to predict the trend of changing operating conditions in advance and make precise adjustments based on real-time feedback. Feedforward control improves response speed, while PID control reduces control errors, resulting in smoother pressure and flow adjustment processes.

[0089] Through target pressure and target traffic The dynamic settings, combined with corresponding control strategies under low temperature, high altitude, high temperature, and sudden operating conditions, enable the fuel supply system to adjust the fuel supply status in real time according to environmental changes. In low temperature environments, the focus is on ensuring fuel atomization and preventing wax deposition; in high altitude environments, the fuel supply is reduced to avoid rich fuel and increased emissions; in high temperature environments, the stability of fuel supply pressure is enhanced to prevent vapor lock; and during sudden operating conditions, feedforward + PID control is used to improve response speed and achieve smooth power output.

[0090] This pressure-flow dynamic closed-loop control process correlates environmental conditions, engine operating conditions, and fuel supply feedback conditions to achieve the target pressure. and target traffic It can adjust to changes in operating conditions, thereby ensuring a stable and reliable fuel supply process under different environmental conditions.

[0091] The ECU has a built-in self-learning strategy library that continuously acquires operational data under different environmental conditions, engine operating conditions, and fuel characteristics during the operation of the fuel supply system. Based on the collected data, it optimizes and adjusts the fuel supply control strategy. The self-learning strategy library stores the correspondence between environmental states, operating conditions, and fuel supply states. By continuously accumulating data during operation, it enables the fuel supply control parameters to be optimized based on actual operating results, improving the fuel supply adaptability under different environmental conditions.

[0092] During operation, the ECU continuously collects data on fuel consumption, emissions, power, pressure fluctuations, and atomization quality under different environmental and operating conditions. Fuel consumption data reflects the fuel consumption corresponding to the current fuel supply strategy; by recording changes in fuel consumption under different environments and operating conditions, it is possible to evaluate whether the current fuel supply parameters meet economic requirements. Emission data reflects the emissions generated during combustion; by collecting data on emission changes under different operating conditions, it provides a reference for optimizing the fuel supply strategy. Power data reflects engine output performance; by analyzing the power response under different fuel supply conditions, it is determined whether the current control strategy meets power requirements.

[0093] Pressure fluctuation data reflects the pressure stability during the fuel supply process. By continuously monitoring changes in fuel supply pressure, the pressure response characteristics of the fuel supply system under different environmental conditions can be obtained. When ambient temperature, altitude, or engine load changes, the fuel supply pressure may change. Recording pressure fluctuations provides a data basis for subsequent optimization of pressure correction parameters. Atomization quality data reflects the atomization state after fuel injection. By collecting data on fuel atomization effects under different environments and operating conditions, the control strategy can be adjusted in conjunction with the fuel injection state.

[0094] The ECU automatically updates the fuel supply strategy parameters based on continuously collected data. Updates include switching temperature thresholds, pressure correction coefficients, and injection advance angles. Specifically, the temperature threshold adjustment adjusts the triggering conditions of the fuel supply strategy under different temperature environments, making fuel preheating and cooling control methods more consistent with actual operating conditions; the pressure correction coefficient adjusts the fuel supply pressure control parameters, ensuring stable fuel supply pressure under different environments and operating conditions; and the injection advance angle adjusts the fuel injection timing, adapting the fuel injection process to different operating conditions.

[0095] During the self-learning optimization process, the ECU combines historical operating data with the current operating status to adjust existing control parameters, gradually adapting the fuel supply strategy to different fuels, environments, and operating conditions. By comprehensively analyzing fuel consumption, emissions, power, pressure fluctuations, and atomization quality under different environments / operating conditions, control parameters that better match the current operating characteristics of the power equipment can be formed, improving the operational stability of the fuel supply system.

[0096] Meanwhile, the control strategy supports OTA (Over-The-Air) upgrades in the cloud, optimizing the fuel supply strategy library through cloud updates. This allows the system to adapt to new fuel grades, new environments, and new operating conditions. Specifically, when the fuel grade changes, corresponding control parameters can be adjusted based on different fuel characteristics; when the operating environment changes, the environment identification and fuel supply adjustment relationship can be optimized based on new environmental data; and when operating conditions change, the fuel supply response mode can be adjusted based on new operating data. OTA upgrades in the cloud enable continuous updates to the fuel supply control strategy, improving the system's adaptability during long-term operation.

[0097] During the operation of the fuel supply system, the ECU simultaneously possesses fault diagnosis and redundancy protection capabilities, performing real-time monitoring of sensors, fuel pumps, valves, and fuel status. When an abnormal condition is detected, corresponding protective controls are executed based on the type of abnormality to reduce the impact of faults on the fuel supply process.

[0098] In response to sensor failures, the system implements automatic degradation control. When some sensors fail to acquire data, the ECU uses alternative methods based on existing detection parameters to determine the status. For example, when there is no altitude sensor, altitude is estimated using intake pressure; changes in intake pressure are used to infer the current operating altitude, ensuring continuous operation of the environmental identification process. This approach reduces the impact of a single sensor failure on the system control process and improves the reliability of environmental identification.

[0099] In case of pump or valve failure, the system implements backup protection control. When a pump or valve malfunctions, the control system switches to the backup circuit to maintain basic fuel supply operation. Simultaneously, the system outputs alarm messages to alert operators to the equipment status and limits power output based on the severity of the fault to prevent further escalation. Through backup circuit switching, alarm notifications, and power limiting protection, the fuel supply system maintains a certain level of operational capability even in the event of actuator malfunction.

[0100] To address the risk of wax precipitation in low-temperature environments, the system provides early warnings based on fuel temperature and pressure fluctuations. By continuously monitoring changes in fuel temperature and fuel supply pressure fluctuations, it determines whether there is a risk of wax precipitation. When the fuel temperature drops and pressure fluctuations become abnormal, the system takes proactive control measures, including switching to anti-gel fuel and activating the fuel preheating function. Switching to anti-gel fuel improves fuel flow under low-temperature conditions, while fuel preheating raises the fuel temperature and reduces the impact of wax precipitation on the fuel supply process.

[0101] During the low-temperature wax precipitation warning process, fuel temperature reflects the degree to which the fuel is affected by the low-temperature environment, while pressure fluctuation reflects abnormal changes in the fuel delivery process. By combining fuel temperature and pressure fluctuation information, trends in fuel condition changes can be detected in advance, and corresponding protective measures can be initiated before fuel supply is obstructed, avoiding problems such as filter clogging and unstable fuel supply.

[0102] Through self-learning optimization based on environment, operating conditions, and fuel characteristics, as well as fault diagnosis and redundancy protection control, the ECU can continuously accumulate data under different environments and operating conditions during operation and optimize fuel supply parameters based on the operating results. Simultaneously, in the event of sensor malfunction, fuel pump or valve malfunction, or the risk of low-temperature wax precipitation, the system can execute corresponding protective measures to ensure stable operation of the fuel supply process under complex environmental conditions. This control method combines operational data optimization with fault protection, enabling the fuel supply system to have continuous adjustment capabilities and the ability to handle abnormal states.

[0103] Example 1: Under combined operating conditions of low temperature, high altitude, and heavy-load climbing, the power equipment is simultaneously affected by the low temperature of the fuel, the high-altitude air environment, and the high-load operation of the engine. The current operating conditions are set to ambient temperature. altitude The engine is operating under heavy load while climbing a hill. The ECU first collects current operating environment parameters, fuel status parameters, and engine operating status parameters, obtaining ambient temperature, fuel temperature, intake pressure, and corresponding altitude information to provide data for subsequent environmental identification and fuel supply control.

[0104] Specific sensing states include: ambient temperature Fuel temperature Intake pressure ( ).in, Indicates the current external ambient temperature. Indicates the current fuel temperature and intake pressure. Used to reflect the current intake status and calculate altitude based on intake pressure. Due to the low ambient temperature, the fuel temperature also decreases, affecting the fuel's flow properties; simultaneously, Altitude conditions alter the intake environment, necessitating adjustments to fuel supply parameters based on high-altitude conditions. The ECU collects these parameters to make a comprehensive judgment on the current operating environment.

[0105] Based on the collected environmental parameters and engine operating status, the current condition is identified as low temperature level 2, high altitude moderate, heavy load climbing. Among these, the ambient temperature... The conditions for low temperature level 2 are met, corresponding to Range; altitude satisfy The conditions correspond to a moderate to high altitude environment; the engine is in a climbing, heavy-load condition, indicating a high engine load and the need to maintain stable power output. Due to the simultaneous presence of low temperature, high altitude, and heavy-load conditions, the fuel supply process needs to consider fuel flow performance, combustion state, and power demand.

[0106] During fuel supply regulation, the fuel pump draws fuel back to the small fuel tank and starts fuel preheating. The fuel pump draws fuel from the pipeline back into the small fuel tank, allowing the fuel to re-enter the temperature regulation zone, while simultaneously using fuel preheating to raise the fuel temperature. Due to the current fuel temperature... Low temperatures can easily affect fuel delivery; preheating is used to raise the fuel temperature to a safe level. This improves fuel flowability and reduces the risk of fuel supply disruption in low-temperature environments. The small fuel tank, serving as the fuel supply area in current low-temperature conditions, provides space for fuel preheating and fuel condition adjustment, ensuring that the fuel can meet subsequent injection requirements.

[0107] After fuel temperature regulation is complete, the fuel supply system enters a closed-loop control state for pressure and flow. The current flow control parameters are: in, This represents the target fuel flow rate, while the base flow rate represents the fuel flow rate corresponding to the basic operating state of the fuel supply system. Due to the current moderate to high altitude environment, the air quality has changed. To avoid over-supply of fuel, the fuel flow rate is reduced according to the high-altitude correction strategy, adjusting the target fuel flow rate to 0.9 times the base flow rate. Simultaneously, the injection advance angle is retarded. By adjusting the injection timing, the fuel injection process can be adapted to the current high-altitude operating environment.

[0108] During this operation, the ECU continuously records fuel consumption and emissions data under the current operating conditions and stores the collected results in a self-learning strategy library. By recording operating data under low temperature, high altitude, heavy load, and climbing conditions, a basis can be provided for optimizing fuel supply parameters under similar or identical environmental conditions. In subsequent operation, the system can adjust corresponding control parameters based on historical data, improving its adaptability to different environmental and operating conditions.

[0109] During operation and protection, the oil supply pressure fluctuation remains: Pressure fluctuation represents the range of variation in actual fuel supply pressure relative to a stable fuel supply state. This indicates the unit of pressure. The pressure fluctuation during current operation meets the following criteria: The system did not generate any alarms, and the power output remained stable, indicating that the fuel supply was sufficient to meet the operating requirements under low temperature, high altitude, and heavy load climbing conditions.

[0110] Example 2: In a high-speed cruising environment on a hot plain, the operating conditions for the power equipment are ambient temperature. altitude During high-speed cruising, this operating environment is primarily affected by high-temperature fuel conditions, requiring close monitoring of fuel temperature and fuel supply pressure stability.

[0111] During operation, the ECU collects current environmental parameters and fuel status parameters, and obtains the ambient temperature. Fuel temperature Intake pressure .in, Indicates the external ambient temperature. Indicates actual fuel temperature and intake pressure. This reflects the current air intake status in the plains area. Due to the ambient temperature reaching... At the same time, fuel temperature achieve When the fuel temperature is high, it can easily cause fuel vapor lock risk, so fuel supply adjustment is required for high temperature conditions.

[0112] Based on the collected data, the current status is identified as high temperature, plains, and high-speed cruising. It meets the criteria for judging a high-temperature environment. This indicates that we are currently in a low-altitude plain area, and the engine is in high-speed cruising mode. During high-speed cruising, the engine runs continuously, which places demands on the stability of the fuel supply. Therefore, it is necessary to reduce the impact of fuel temperature and maintain stable fuel supply pressure.

[0113] In response to high-temperature conditions, the control valve for the fuel line cooling channel is opened, and fuel cooling is activated. By opening the fuel cooling passages, the fuel temperature is lowered as it passes through the cooling path, reducing its temperature from a higher level to a lower level. This reduces the probability of fuel vapor lock occurring at high temperatures. Simultaneously, fuel cooling maintains fuel stability, ensuring a more continuous fuel delivery process.

[0114] During closed-loop control, the target flow rate is adjusted as follows: in, This represents the target fuel flow rate, the base flow rate represents the fuel flow rate under basic fuel supply conditions, and 1.1 represents the flow rate adjustment ratio. Since the engine continues to run during high-speed cruising, increasing the fuel flow rate ensures that the fuel supply capacity meets current operational needs. Simultaneously, increasing the return fuel flow rate enhances fuel circulation and further reduces fuel pressure fluctuations caused by high-temperature environments.

[0115] During the self-learning optimization process, the system records operating data under the current high-temperature plain high-speed cruising conditions and updates the high-temperature pressure correction coefficient. By updating the pressure correction parameters corresponding to the high-temperature state, the system can more accurately adjust the fuel supply pressure under similar high-temperature operating conditions in the future, improving fuel injection stability. At the same time, the system optimizes the atomization effect based on the operating status to maintain a good fuel injection process.

[0116] During operation and protection, the system maintains a zero-vapor lock state, stable fuel supply pressure, and emissions meet operational requirements. Through fuel cooling, return flow adjustment, and pressure correction, the fuel supply process remains stable under high-temperature conditions, preventing abnormal fuel supply caused by excessively high fuel temperatures.

[0117] Example 3: Under sudden changes in normal temperature operating conditions, the operating environment is set to ambient temperature. altitude The engine rapidly transitions from idle to rapid acceleration. This operating condition primarily demonstrates the responsiveness of the fuel supply system during transient changes.

[0118] During operation, the ECU collects environmental parameters and engine operating parameters, including ambient temperature. Engine speed from Change to Engine load Depend on Change to .in, Indicates the current ambient temperature. This indicates the engine speed parameter. Indicates the unit of rotational speed. This indicates engine load parameters. Since the ambient temperature is within the normal range and the fuel condition can meet normal fuel supply requirements, the main control focus is on quickly responding to changes in engine load.

[0119] Based on the collected data, the current state is identified as normal temperature with a sudden change in operating conditions. The engine is transitioning from idle to rapid acceleration, with both speed and load increasing rapidly, and fuel demand increasing accordingly. To meet the transient power demand, the small fuel tank maintains normal fuel supply, without activating additional fuel preheating or cooling control, ensuring a rapid response in the fuel supply process.

[0120] During the closed-loop regulation process, a feedforward control method is adopted to rapidly increase the oil supply pressure to [the specified level]. Simultaneously, the fuel flow rate increases. This is because the engine load... Rapidly increased to Simply relying on feedback adjustments will result in a response delay. Therefore, a feedforward approach is used to adjust the fuel supply status in advance, so that the pressure and flow can quickly match the engine's power demand.

[0121] The entire response process satisfies: The response time refers to the time it takes for the fuel supply parameters to adjust after a change in engine operating conditions. Response time indicates that the fuel supply system can quickly follow changes in engine status and provide the required fuel in a timely manner during rapid acceleration.

[0122] The final operating results showed a smooth acceleration process without significant jerking, and sustained strong power output. Through rapid pressure build-up, synchronized flow increase, and operating condition identification control, the engine maintained stable power output during the transition from idle to rapid acceleration under normal temperature conditions, improving transient performance. The three implementation environments described above respectively demonstrated the fuel supply regulation process under low-temperature, high-altitude, heavy-load conditions, high-temperature, plain cruising conditions, and sudden temperature changes, verifying the adaptability of the fuel supply control strategy under different environments and operating conditions.

[0123] This invention is applicable to wide temperature range and multi-altitude operating environments, covering a temperature range of -40℃ to 60℃ and an altitude range of 0 to 5500m. In low-temperature environments, fuel preheating, low-pressure circulation, and pipeline heating are used to reduce fuel supply anomalies caused by fuel wax precipitation. In high-altitude environments, fuel supply pressure, injection quantity, and injection advance angle are adjusted to improve combustion under lean air conditions and avoid rich fuel combustion. In high-temperature environments, fuel cooling, pressure regulation, and return flow control reduce the probability of vapor lock and maintain a stable fuel supply process, thereby improving the reliability of power equipment operation in complex environments, with an overall reliability improvement of over 50%.

[0124] This invention enables the fuel supply process to match different operating environments and engine operating conditions by identifying environmental conditions and dynamically adjusting fuel supply parameters. In high-altitude environments, by reducing fuel supply pressure, decreasing fuel injection quantity, and adjusting the injection advance angle, excessive fuel supply is reduced, achieving fuel savings of 5%-15%. During low-temperature starts, fuel preheating and fuel circulation control improve fuel flow performance and reduce fuel consumption during the start-up phase, resulting in a fuel consumption reduction of over 30% during low-temperature starts. Simultaneously, by optimizing the combustion process, emissions of carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbons (HC), and particulate matter (PM) generated from incomplete combustion are reduced, resulting in emissions reductions of 20%-40%, thus improving the environmental performance of power equipment.

[0125] This invention addresses various operating conditions, including idling, acceleration, hill climbing, heavy load, and high speed, by employing a control method combining feedforward control and PID closed-loop regulation. This allows the fuel supply pressure and fuel flow to respond rapidly to engine operating demands. When engine load or speed changes abruptly, the system can adjust the fuel supply status within ≤200ms, ensuring synchronization between fuel supply and power demand changes and reducing power fluctuations caused by fuel supply lag. Simultaneously, during transitions between acceleration and hill climbing, it maintains continuous and stable power output, reducing jerking and improving equipment smoothness and driving experience.

[0126] This invention utilizes a built-in self-learning strategy library to continuously collect and analyze operational data under different environments, operating conditions, and fuel characteristics. Based on data such as fuel consumption, emissions, power, pressure fluctuations, and atomization quality, it automatically optimizes control parameters to achieve adaptive adjustments to the fuel supply strategy. It also supports OTA upgrades, allowing for updates to the control strategy based on new fuel grades, operating environments, and new operating condition requirements. This reduces manual adjustments and maintenance, improves the system's adaptability over long-term operation, lowers maintenance costs by more than 40%, and enhances the intelligence level of the fuel supply system.

[0127] This invention improves the operational safety of the fuel supply system in extreme environments through fault diagnosis, redundancy protection, and a low-temperature wax precipitation early warning mechanism. In case of sensor malfunction, degraded control can be implemented based on existing parameters, such as using intake pressure to estimate altitude, ensuring continuous operation of the environmental identification process. In case of pump or valve malfunction, a backup circuit can be switched and an alarm prompt can be output, while simultaneously limiting power output to reduce the impact of the fault. In low-temperature environments, the risk of wax precipitation can be identified in advance by combining fuel temperature and pressure fluctuations, allowing for timely switching to anti-gel fuel and initiation of preheating control to prevent equipment downtime due to fuel supply abnormalities and extend the service life of the power equipment.

[0128] The foregoing has only described certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention by way of illustration. Undoubtedly, those skilled in the art can modify the described embodiments in various ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the foregoing drawings and descriptions are illustrative in nature and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-environment intelligent fuel supply method, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Collect fuel supply environment parameters and engine operating parameters to obtain current fuel supply status information. The fuel supply environment parameters include ambient temperature, fuel temperature and intake air pressure information, and the engine operating parameters include engine speed, engine load, fuel supply pressure and fuel flow. Based on the collected fuel supply status information, the current operating environment and engine operating conditions are identified, and the corresponding environmental category and operating condition category are determined. The environmental categories include low temperature environment, high temperature environment, plain environment and high altitude environment, and the operating condition categories include idling condition, acceleration condition and climbing condition. Based on the determined environmental and operating condition categories, a fuel supply adjustment strategy is generated to control the switching of fuel supply paths between the main fuel tank and the auxiliary fuel tank, and to adjust the fuel preheating or cooling state so that the fuel temperature meets the fuel supply conditions corresponding to the current environmental and operating conditions. Based on the fuel supply adjustment strategy and the real-time collected fuel supply feedback parameters, the fuel supply pressure, fuel flow and injection control parameters are dynamically closed-loop adjusted to keep the actual fuel supply state matched with the target fuel supply state corresponding to the current environmental conditions. Data on fuel consumption, emissions, power output, and fuel supply status changes under different environmental and operating conditions are collected. Based on the collected data, the control parameters in the fuel supply regulation strategy are updated, and the updated control parameters are used to implement adaptive optimization of the subsequent fuel supply process. It can detect abnormal conditions in the fuel supply process in real time, and perform fault diagnosis and redundant protection control based on the detection results. When abnormal sensor, fuel supply actuator or fuel status is detected, it switches to the corresponding protection mode to maintain stable fuel supply operation under extreme environmental conditions.

2. The multi-environment intelligent fuel supply method according to claim 1, characterized in that, When collecting fuel supply environment parameters and engine operating parameters, the system also collects information on the main fuel tank level, auxiliary fuel tank level, fuel grade and pour point. Furthermore, it performs correlation analysis on the collected ambient temperature, fuel temperature, intake air pressure, engine speed, engine load, fuel supply pressure, fuel flow rate, fuel tank level, and fuel characteristic parameters to obtain information on the current fuel supply status.

3. The multi-environment intelligent fuel supply method according to claim 1, characterized in that, When identifying the current operating environment and engine operating conditions, the environmental level is classified based on the altitude calculated from the ambient temperature, fuel temperature, and intake pressure. Low-temperature environments are classified into different low-temperature levels based on the ambient temperature, high-altitude environments are classified into different altitude levels based on the altitude, and high-temperature environments are identified based on the ambient temperature or fuel temperature reaching preset conditions.

4. The multi-environment intelligent fuel supply method according to claim 1, characterized in that, When generating fuel supply adjustment strategies based on environmental and operating condition categories, the auxiliary fuel tank is controlled to use conventional fuel supply in normal temperature and low altitude environments; in low temperature environments, the fuel in the auxiliary fuel tank is controlled to enter a preheating state, and the preheating temperature is adjusted according to the low temperature level; in high temperature environments, the fuel is controlled to enter a cooling state to reduce the fuel temperature.

5. The multi-environment intelligent fuel supply method according to claim 4, characterized in that, Fuel preheating control in low-temperature environments includes: when the ambient temperature is between -15℃ and -5℃, controlling the fuel preheating temperature to 20-30℃; when the ambient temperature is between -30℃ and -15℃, controlling the fuel preheating temperature to 30-40℃; and when the ambient temperature is below -30℃, controlling the fuel preheating temperature to 40-50℃, and initiating low-pressure circulation and pipeline heating control to reduce the risk of fuel wax precipitation.

6. The multi-environment intelligent fuel supply method according to claim 1, characterized in that, When dynamically and closed-loop regulating the fuel supply pressure, fuel flow rate, and injection control parameters according to the fuel supply regulation strategy, corresponding target fuel supply pressure and target fuel flow rate are set according to the environmental category. Specifically, in low-temperature environments, the target fuel supply pressure is controlled at 0.3-0.5 MPa, and the target fuel flow rate is 1.1-1.3 times the base flow rate; in high-altitude environments, the target fuel supply pressure is controlled at 0.2-0.4 MPa, and the target fuel flow rate is 0.8-0.95 times the base flow rate; and in high-temperature environments, the target fuel supply pressure is controlled at 0.4-0.6 MPa, and the target fuel flow rate is 1.0-1.2 times the base flow rate.

7. The multi-environment intelligent fuel supply method according to claim 1, characterized in that, When dynamically adjusting the fuel supply pressure, fuel flow rate, and injection control parameters in a closed loop, the fuel supply pressure is reduced by 10%-20%, the injection quantity is reduced by 5%-15%, and the injection advance angle is delayed by 1°-3° in high-altitude environments. In high-temperature environments, the fuel is cooled to below 45°C, the fuel supply pressure is increased by 5%-10%, and the return flow rate is increased to reduce fuel vapor resistance.

8. The multi-environment intelligent fuel supply method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The operating conditions include idling, low-speed cruising, acceleration, hill climbing, heavy load, and high-speed conditions. When a change in engine speed or engine load is detected, feedforward control combined with PID feedback control is used to adjust the fuel supply status so that the fuel supply response time is less than or equal to 200ms.

9. The multi-environment intelligent fuel supply method according to claim 1, characterized in that, When updating the control parameters in the fuel supply regulation strategy based on the collected data, fuel consumption data, emission data, power output data, pressure fluctuation data, and fuel atomization quality data are collected under different environmental categories and operating conditions. The fuel switching temperature threshold, pressure correction coefficient, and injection advance angle control parameters are updated according to the collected data. At the same time, it supports the adaptation to new fuel grades, new operating environments, and new operating conditions through cloud OTA upgrades.

10. The multi-environment intelligent fuel supply method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Fault diagnosis and redundancy protection control include: when a sensor fault is detected, status identification is completed based on alternative parameters; when a fuel pump or valve fault is detected, the backup fuel supply circuit is switched and an alarm is output, while power limiting protection is executed; when a risk of low-temperature wax precipitation is detected, anti-gelling fuel is switched in advance and fuel preheating control is started based on the fluctuation of fuel temperature and fuel supply pressure.

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