An oil-electric hybrid locomotive diesel engine waste heat comprehensive utilization system

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of oil-electric hybrid locomotive diesel engine waste heat comprehensive utilization system, it is related to heat exchange technical field, comprising: latch analysis module, the structure of blind cavity liquid bridge thermal latch in diesel engine exhaust waste heat branch is decomposed, cavity mouth part, cavity part and return boundary part are obtained, and thermal latch candidate unit is obtained;Shadow flow generation module, according to thermal latch candidate unit, exhaust main stream in diesel engine exhaust main pipe is shunted to obtain blind cavity wet heat shadow flow;Boundary unloading module, blind cavity wet heat shadow flow is introduced into the shadow unloading path corresponding to blind cavity wet heat shadow flow, to obtain the blind cavity wet heat shadow flow after wet heat boundary separation is completed, and dry branch flow is obtained;Main stream reconstruction module determines main heat extraction reconstruction section, and dry branch flow is introduced into main heat extraction reconstruction section, to obtain single connected main heat extraction exhaust stream;The application can improve the authenticity of diesel engine exhaust waste heat source.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of heat exchange technology, and in particular to a comprehensive system for utilizing waste heat from diesel engines in hybrid electric locomotives. Background Technology

[0002] Hybrid electric locomotives are commonly used in shunting, station traction, short-distance transportation in mining areas, and port marshalling operations. In these scenarios, the diesel engine is not usually in a stable high-load state, but rather frequently experiences low load, idling, short-term load increase, and load decrease. Especially in low-temperature environments, the diesel engine exhaust pipe, the inlet section of the main waste heat exchanger, the low-position area of ​​the elbow, the root of the sampling branch, the end of the closed side branch, and the local liquid accumulation bag are prone to being in a cold wall state. Water vapor, condensable hydrocarbon components, acidic condensable components, and soot particles in the exhaust may form condensate and wet deposits in the above-mentioned locations. The waste heat from the diesel engine exhaust usually needs to be introduced into the main waste heat exchanger and further used for waste heat power generation, battery thermal management, driver's cab heating, heat storage unit charging, and equipment compartment cold protection and anti-condensation.

[0003] Existing methods for utilizing diesel engine exhaust waste heat typically treat the exhaust gas entering the main waste heat exchanger as a continuous, open, and directly heat-exchangeable main exhaust flow. However, under low-temperature shunting and frequent start-stop conditions, a closed liquid bridge composed of condensate, soot particles, and condensable components may form in the local blind cavity, transforming the blind cavity space into a localized humid heat retention space. This causes the condensate, humid heat masses, and localized heat trapped within the blind cavity to be mistakenly incorporated into the main heat extraction path, resulting in a discrepancy between the heat source received by the main waste heat exchanger and the actual usable exhaust waste heat source. Existing technologies often focus on exhaust heat exchange efficiency, heat transfer medium flow rate, or waste heat utilization terminal distribution, but typically do not address the splitting, unloading, and reconstruction of such localized humid heat retention spaces. Therefore, it is difficult to avoid the interference of trapped humid heat substances on the comprehensive utilization process of diesel engine waste heat. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies that make it difficult to avoid interference from the comprehensive utilization of waste heat from diesel engines caused by the sealing of humid and hot substances, and to propose a comprehensive utilization system for waste heat from diesel engines in hybrid electric locomotives.

[0005] To address the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A comprehensive system for utilizing waste heat from the diesel engine of a hybrid electric locomotive includes: The latch-up analysis module performs structural decomposition on the blind cavity liquid bridge thermal latch-up in the exhaust waste heat branch of the diesel engine, obtaining the cavity opening, cavity body and reconnection boundary, and obtaining thermal latch-up candidate units; The shadow flow generation module performs diversion processing on the main exhaust flow in the diesel engine exhaust pipe based on the thermal latch-up candidate unit to obtain the blind cavity wet and hot shadow flow; The boundary unloading module guides the blind cavity humid heat shadow flow into the shadow unloading path corresponding to the blind cavity humid heat shadow flow, so as to obtain the blind cavity humid heat shadow flow after completing the humid heat boundary separation and obtain the dried tributary. The main reconstruction module determines the main heat recovery reconstruction section and introduces the dried tributary into the main heat recovery reconstruction section to obtain a single-connected main heat recovery exhaust flow. The waste heat utilization module controls the main waste heat exchanger of the hybrid electric locomotive to exchange heat with the single-connection main heat extraction exhaust flow to obtain an effective waste heat supply; based on the effective waste heat supply, it performs comprehensive utilization of the diesel engine's waste heat.

[0006] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. This invention identifies and structurally analyzes the locally enclosed humid heat areas in the diesel engine exhaust waste heat branch, separating the condensate, soot particles, condensable components, and their stored heat, which were originally mixed in the main exhaust flow, from the main heat extraction path. This avoids the localized humid heat substances directly participating in the main waste heat exchange process, thereby reducing the interference of localized humid heat clusters on the waste heat recovery object and improving the authenticity and consistency of the diesel engine exhaust waste heat source.

[0007] 2. This invention independently recovers heat trapped in localized humid heat regions by constructing a blind cavity humid heat shadow flow and a corresponding shadow unloading path. It also separates condensate, soot particles, and condensable components in the humid heat boundary from the main exhaust heat, thereby effectively utilizing locally retained heat and reducing the possibility of humid heat substances entering the main waste heat exchanger. This is beneficial for improving the stability and heat utilization efficiency of the comprehensive utilization process of diesel engine waste heat.

[0008] 3. This invention reconstructs and merges the dried tributary after the separation of wet and hot boundaries and the unloading of heat with the continuous main exhaust pipe to form a single-connected main heat extraction exhaust flow. Combined with the unified collection and utilization of the main exhaust waste heat and the shadow unloading heat, it achieves comprehensive recovery of diesel engine exhaust waste heat. This makes the heat entering the waste heat utilization unit closer to the actual distribution of diesel engine exhaust heat, thereby improving the comprehensive utilization effect in application scenarios such as waste heat power generation, heating, heat storage and thermal management. Attached Figure Description

[0009] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and, together with their description, serve to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation thereof. In the drawings: Figure 1This is a functional block diagram of a diesel engine waste heat utilization system for a hybrid electric locomotive, provided in one embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0010] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0011] This embodiment provides a comprehensive waste heat utilization system for diesel engines in hybrid electric locomotives. (See also...) Figure 1 Specifically, including: The latch-up analysis module performs structural decomposition on the blind cavity liquid bridge thermal latch-up in the exhaust waste heat branch of the diesel engine, obtaining the cavity opening, cavity body and reconnection boundary, and obtaining thermal latch-up candidate units; In an embodiment of the present invention, a thermal latch-up candidate unit is obtained, comprising: Determine the thermal latch-up of the blind cavity liquid bridge in the diesel engine exhaust waste heat branch; The diesel engine exhaust waste heat branch refers to the flow channel set between the diesel engine exhaust outlet and the main waste heat exchanger, used to transport and carry the heat of diesel engine exhaust. This flow channel includes the exhaust main pipe, transition pipe section, elbow structure, diameter reducing structure, connecting branch pipe, installation interface, and auxiliary cavity formed in a local location. The diesel engine exhaust transfers heat to the subsequent waste heat utilization device during the process of flowing through the diesel engine exhaust waste heat branch. The blind cavity liquid bridge thermal latch refers to a local closed structure formed in the local blind cavity area of ​​the diesel engine exhaust waste heat branch. This structure is formed by condensate, liquid film, and soot particles and condensable components entrained therein. After the condensate accumulates in the blind cavity opening area, it crosses the blind cavity opening to form a liquid bridge, which restricts the flow exchange between the internal space of the blind cavity and the external exhaust flow, thereby forming a closed area that can retain moist heat and local heat. Specifically, along the exhaust flow direction from the diesel engine exhaust outlet to the main waste heat exchanger inlet, the straight pipe section, elbow section, reducer section, flange connection section, sensor mounting base, sampling branch, bypass branch end, closed branch end, welded transition section, expansion section before heat exchanger inlet, and locally sunken section of the main exhaust pipe are solidly divided. Within each section, the local space that connects to the main exhaust flow but does not constitute the main exhaust channel is identified. This includes areas with open boundaries, closed ends, internal volume, lower than the adjacent main flow channel, or offset from the main exhaust pipe. The lateral space of the centerline is defined as a blind cavity. The opening edge, inner wall, bottom edge, and upstream sidewall of the blind cavity are designated as liquid bridge formation inspection sites. The continuous wetting film, droplet connectors crossing the cavity opening, condensate bands covering the bottom edge of the cavity opening, wetting deposits with attached soot particles, and liquid film arc surfaces connecting opposite edges of the cavity opening are confirmed in the liquid bridge formation inspection sites. The part that simultaneously has a blind cavity entity, a cavity opening wetting connection structure, and a cavity internal stagnant space is defined as the blind cavity liquid bridge thermal latch in the diesel engine exhaust waste heat branch.

[0012] Obtain the position data of the thermal latch of the blind cavity fluid bridge; Location data refers to information data used to characterize the spatial location of blind cavity liquid bridge thermal latches. This information data includes at least the position of the blind cavity liquid bridge thermal latches relative to the diesel engine exhaust waste heat branch, the position relative to the main exhaust flow direction, and the position relative to the main waste heat exchanger. The distribution of blind cavity liquid bridge thermal latches in the entire diesel engine exhaust waste heat branch can be determined through location data. Specifically, the exhaust outlet end face of the diesel engine is used as the starting reference for the friction position, the center line of the diesel engine exhaust main pipe is used as the axial position recording reference, and the direction of the main exhaust flow is used as the direction of increasing the friction position. For the determined blind cavity liquid bridge thermal latch, the following information is recorded: the pipe section to which it belongs, the connecting part to which it belongs, the type of the local cavity to which it belongs, the projection position of the cavity center on the direction of the diesel engine exhaust main pipe center line, the friction distance from the cavity center to the diesel engine exhaust outlet end face, the friction distance from the cavity center to the inlet end face of the main waste heat exchanger, the radial offset direction of the cavity center relative to the diesel engine exhaust main pipe center line, the radial offset distance of the cavity center relative to the diesel engine exhaust main pipe center line, the orientation of the pipe wall where the cavity is located, the direction of cavity extension, the position of the cavity closed end, the position of the reconnection boundary, the positional relationship of the reconnection boundary relative to the cavity, and the relative positional relationship between the location of the blind cavity liquid bridge thermal latch and adjacent elbows, adjacent reducing sections, adjacent flanges, adjacent sampling branches, and adjacent main waste heat exchanger inlets. The above recorded information is then summarized into the position data of the blind cavity liquid bridge thermal latch.

[0013] Determine the geometric shape data corresponding to the location data; Geometric morphology data refers to information data used to characterize the geometric features of the structure where the blind cavity liquid bridge thermal latch is located. This information data includes at least the blind cavity opening size, blind cavity depth, blind cavity extension direction, blind cavity volume, the connection method between the blind cavity and the exhaust main pipe, and the spatial relationship between the blind cavity and the exhaust mainstream. Through geometric morphology data, the structural composition of the internal space of the blind cavity and the exhaust mainstream can be determined. Specifically, using the location data of the blind cavity liquid bridge thermal latch as the positioning basis, the following are determined at the corresponding physical location of the diesel engine exhaust waste heat branch: the pipe section where the blind cavity is located, the pipe wall where the blind cavity opening is located, the boundary area between the blind cavity opening and the inner wall of the exhaust main pipe, the orientation of the blind cavity opening, the shape of the blind cavity opening edge, the upstream edge of the blind cavity opening, the downstream edge of the blind cavity opening, the bottom edge of the blind cavity opening, the top edge of the blind cavity opening, the inner wall surface of the blind cavity opening, the extension direction of the blind cavity, the bottom wall of the blind cavity, the side wall of the blind cavity, the top wall of the blind cavity, the closed end of the blind cavity, the transition wall surface between the blind cavity and the exhaust main pipe, the low-level area in the blind cavity where condensate can be retained, and the rough wall area in the blind cavity where soot particles and condensable components can adhere. The data includes the following parameters: the boundary region where hot and humid substances in the blind cavity can return to the main exhaust flow; the offset direction of the blind cavity opening relative to the center line of the main exhaust pipe; the offset distance of the blind cavity opening relative to the center line of the main exhaust pipe; the deflection relationship of the blind cavity body relative to the direction of the main exhaust flow; and the connection relationship of the blind cavity body relative to adjacent bends and adjacent diameter-changing sections. The geometric morphology data corresponding to the location data are summarized as follows: the shape of the blind cavity opening edge; the orientation of the blind cavity opening; the extension direction of the blind cavity body; the boundary of the blind cavity body; the position of the closed end of the blind cavity body; the low-position region of the blind cavity body; the connection region between the blind cavity body and the main exhaust pipe; the offset relationship of the blind cavity body relative to the main exhaust flow; and the boundary region where hot and humid substances in the blind cavity return to the main exhaust flow.

[0014] It should be noted that a blind cavity refers to a partially enclosed space formed in the exhaust waste heat branch of a diesel engine. This partially enclosed space is connected to the main exhaust flow through a cavity opening and has an internal extension area that is not in the same direction as the main exhaust flow. One end of the blind cavity is connected to the main exhaust flow, and the other end is a closed boundary. When the main exhaust flow passes through the cavity opening, flow exchange only occurs near the cavity opening and does not penetrate the entire internal space of the blind cavity. This allows condensate, liquid film, soot particles, condensable components, and local heat to accumulate, stagnate, or deposit inside the blind cavity. The blind cavity can be formed in the low-position area of ​​the elbow of the main exhaust pipe, the end of the closed branch pipe, the root of the sampling branch, the welded transition cavity, the local expansion cavity, or other spatial areas that have an open connection with the main exhaust flow and have a closed boundary inside.

[0015] Based on geometric morphology data, the structure of the blind cavity liquid bridge thermal latch is decomposed to obtain the cavity opening, cavity body and reconnection boundary. The cavity opening refers to the area where the blind cavity connects with the diesel engine exhaust waste heat branch. This area is the passageway for the main exhaust flow into the blind cavity or for substances inside the blind cavity to leave the blind cavity. When a liquid bridge is formed, it corresponds to the area covered or partially covered by the liquid bridge. The cavity body refers to the internal space area located behind the cavity opening. This internal space area is used to contain condensate, liquid film, soot particles, condensable components, and the heat carried by the above substances. The spatial range of the cavity body is defined by the actual boundary of the blind cavity. The reconnection boundary refers to the boundary area that the moist and hot substances in the cavity body pass through when re-entering the diesel engine exhaust waste heat branch. This boundary area is located between the cavity body and the main exhaust flow and is the area where substances inside the cavity body exchange with the main exhaust flow. Specifically, the following parameters are extracted from the geometric morphology data: the shape of the blind cavity opening edge, the orientation of the blind cavity opening, the upstream edge of the blind cavity opening, the downstream edge of the blind cavity opening, the bottom edge of the blind cavity opening, the top edge of the blind cavity opening, and the boundary area between the blind cavity opening and the inner wall of the exhaust pipe. These areas are then combined and defined as the cavity opening portion. The following parameters are also extracted from the geometric morphology data: the bottom wall of the blind cavity, the side wall of the blind cavity, the top wall of the blind cavity, the closed end of the blind cavity, the low-lying area of ​​the blind cavity, the inner wall surface of the blind cavity, the internal accommodating space of the blind cavity, and the transition wall surface between the blind cavity and the exhaust pipe. These areas are then combined and defined as the cavity body portion. The data extracts the boundary region where the humid heat material in the blind cavity returns to the main exhaust flow, the connection region between the blind cavity and the main exhaust pipe, the boundary of the cavity opening near the downstream side of the main exhaust flow, and the connection boundary of the cavity body near the inner wall of the main exhaust pipe. The above regions are merged and defined as the return boundary region. The cavity opening is defined as the opening region where the liquid bridge crosses and the exhaust branch flows over. The cavity body is defined as the region that contains condensate, liquid film, soot particles, condensable components and local heat. The return boundary region is defined as the boundary region where the humid heat material in the cavity body returns to the diesel engine exhaust waste heat branch. Thus, the cavity opening, the cavity body and the return boundary region are obtained.

[0016] By establishing a correspondence between the cavity opening, cavity body, and reconnection boundary and the corresponding position data, candidate thermal latch-up units are obtained.

[0017] The correspondence refers to the association established between the cavity opening, cavity body, and return boundary and the position data of the same blind cavity liquid bridge thermal latch. Through this association, it can be determined that the cavity opening, cavity body, and return boundary belong to the same blind cavity liquid bridge thermal latch. The thermal latch candidate unit refers to the structural unit composed of the cavity opening, cavity body, return boundary, and position data corresponding to the same blind cavity liquid bridge thermal latch. Each thermal latch candidate unit corresponds to an independent blind cavity liquid bridge thermal latch position in the diesel engine exhaust waste heat branch and is used for subsequent diversion of the main exhaust flow and generation of blind cavity wet heat shadow flow.

[0018] Specifically, using the location data of the same blind cavity liquid bridge thermal latch as the attribution benchmark, the cavity opening, cavity body, and reconnection boundary determined by the same location data are grouped into the same structural group. In the structural group, the cavity opening position corresponding to the cavity opening, the cavity body position corresponding to the cavity body, the reconnection position corresponding to the reconnection boundary, the communication relationship between the cavity opening and the cavity body, the communication relationship between the cavity body and the reconnection boundary, the inlet relationship of the cavity opening relative to the exhaust mainstream, and the return relationship of the reconnection boundary relative to the exhaust mainstream are recorded. The structural group is used as a thermal latch candidate unit, and the thermal latch candidate unit includes the location data, cavity opening, cavity body, and reconnection boundary.

[0019] The shadow flow generation module performs diversion processing on the main exhaust flow in the diesel engine exhaust pipe based on the thermal latch-up candidate unit to obtain the blind cavity wet and hot shadow flow; In an embodiment of the present invention, obtaining the blind cavity moist heat shadow flow includes: Obtain the main exhaust flow path in the diesel engine's exhaust manifold; The main exhaust stream refers to the high-temperature exhaust gas flow that flows continuously along the extension direction of the exhaust pipe in the diesel engine exhaust pipe. This exhaust gas flow comes from the exhaust gas after the diesel engine combustion and carries exhaust heat that can be recovered and utilized by the main waste heat exchanger. The exhaust tributary refers to a part of the exhaust gas that is separated from the main exhaust stream and flows along a designated local path. This part of the exhaust gas is not part of the continuous main exhaust stream in the complete exhaust pipe, but is used to flow close to the edge of the cavity opening and carry the humid and hot substances near the cavity opening. Specifically, the flow range of the main exhaust stream is jointly defined by the diesel engine exhaust outlet, the inner cavity of the exhaust pipe, and the inlet of the main waste heat exchanger. The starting boundary for exhaust entering the exhaust pipe is determined at the diesel engine exhaust outlet, and the ending boundary for exhaust leaving the exhaust pipe and entering the heat exchange location is determined at the inlet of the main waste heat exchanger. Between the starting and ending boundaries, the central flow region of the exhaust pipe, the near-wall flow region near the pipe wall where the cavity opening is located, the local flow region passing through the pipe section where the thermal latching candidate unit is located, and the main channel flow region bypassing the cavity are defined. The exhaust gas generated by diesel engine combustion and entering the exhaust pipe from the starting boundary, continuously flowing along the inner cavity of the exhaust pipe to the ending boundary, and not entering the blind cavity are all included. The exhaust from the internal space is identified as the main exhaust stream. The following information is recorded: the flow direction of the main exhaust stream when it passes through the pipe section where the candidate thermal latch unit is located; the upstream position of the main exhaust stream relative to the cavity opening; the downstream position of the main exhaust stream relative to the cavity opening; the outer position of the main exhaust stream relative to the opening plane of the cavity opening; the pipe wall region of the main exhaust stream near the edge of the cavity opening; the communication boundary between the main exhaust stream and the cavity opening; the non-penetrating spatial relationship between the main exhaust stream and the cavity; the continuous flow path of the main exhaust stream before entering the diversion process; and the near-wall exhaust portion of the main exhaust stream that can be guided to the edge of the cavity opening when it passes near the cavity opening. The above recorded information is taken as the main exhaust stream in the diesel engine exhaust main pipe.

[0020] Based on the cavity opening in the thermal latching candidate unit, the main exhaust flow is split to obtain an exhaust branch flowing close to the edge of the cavity opening; Diversion treatment refers to the process of guiding a portion of the main exhaust flow in the exhaust pipe to the vicinity of the cavity opening, so that this portion of exhaust flows away from the original main exhaust flow path and forms an exhaust tributary; flow close to the edge of the cavity opening refers to the exhaust tributary flowing along the opening edge of the cavity opening, near the inner wall of the opening, or the adjacent wall on the outer side of the opening, so that the exhaust tributary flows through the opening area where the blind cavity liquid bridge is located. Specifically, the cavity opening in the thermal latching candidate unit is used as the diversion and positioning object. The upstream edge, downstream edge, bottom edge, top edge, side edge, inner wall, and adjacent pipe wall of the cavity opening are used as the attachment and guiding areas for the exhaust branch. When the main exhaust flow passes through the pipe section where the cavity opening is located, the near-wall exhaust portion of the main exhaust flow that is close to the pipe wall where the cavity opening is located is drawn out from the central flow area of ​​the main exhaust pipe. This causes the near-wall exhaust portion to leave the original continuous flow path and enter the attachment and guiding area. The exhaust entering the attachment and guiding area flows along the upstream edge of the cavity opening to the bottom edge of the opening, and then flows close to the edge of the cavity opening along the bottom edge and side edge of the opening. It continues to leave the area where the cavity opening is located along the downstream edge of the opening, thus forming an exhaust branch that flows close to the edge of the cavity opening. During the formation process, the exhaust branch comes into contact with or is adjacent to the area where the liquid film, condensate, soot particles, and condensable components are located at the cavity opening, and maintains an edge flow path located between the outer side of the cavity and the inner cavity of the main exhaust pipe.

[0021] The exhaust branch that flows close to the edge of the cavity opening is controlled and enters the return boundary section along the edge of the cavity opening to obtain the blind cavity humid heat shadow flow.

[0022] "Entering the reconnection boundary along the edge of the cavity opening" refers to the exhaust branch flowing from the edge of the cavity opening and along the connection boundary between the cavity opening and the cavity body towards the reconnection boundary, causing the humid heat boundary at the cavity opening to move to the reconnection boundary with the exhaust branch. "Blind cavity humid heat shadow flow" refers to the humid heat flow formed by the exhaust branch carrying condensate, liquid film, soot particles, condensable components and local heat near the cavity opening. This humid heat flow originates from the region corresponding to the thermal latch of the liquid bridge in the blind cavity, is not directly equivalent to the main exhaust flow in the diesel engine exhaust pipe, and is used to subsequently enter the shadow unloading passage.

[0023] Specifically, the exhaust branch flowing close to the edge of the cavity opening is used as the airflow to be guided. The upstream edge, bottom edge, side edge, downstream edge, and reconnection boundary of the cavity opening are used as continuous flow paths. The exhaust branch is introduced into the adjacent area outside the cavity opening along the upstream edge of the cavity opening. The exhaust branch passes through the area where the liquid film, condensate, soot particles, and condensable components are located at the cavity opening. Then, it continues to adhere and flow along the bottom edge and side edge of the opening. The exhaust branch carries liquid film fragments, condensate droplets, soot particles, condensable components, and local heat that are peeled off or entrained from the cavity opening. Subsequently, the exhaust branch carrying the above substances and heat enters the reconnection boundary along the downstream edge of the opening. At the reconnection boundary, a flow branch that leaves the cavity opening and contains moist and hot substances is formed. This flow branch is defined as the blind cavity moist and hot shadow flow.

[0024] The boundary unloading module guides the blind cavity humid heat shadow flow into the shadow unloading path corresponding to the blind cavity humid heat shadow flow, so as to obtain the blind cavity humid heat shadow flow after completing the humid heat boundary separation and obtain the dried tributary. In an embodiment of the present invention, obtaining the blind cavity moist heat shadow flow after completing the separation of the moist heat boundary includes: Based on the flow direction of the blind cavity moist heat shadow flow, determine the shadow unloading path for receiving the blind cavity moist heat shadow flow; The flow direction refers to the direction of movement of the blind cavity humid heat shadow flow after it leaves the cavity opening and extends along the exhaust branch. This direction of movement is defined by the entry position, exit position and extension direction of the blind cavity humid heat shadow flow. The shadow unloading path refers to the independent flow channel that receives the blind cavity humid heat shadow flow and separates it from the main exhaust heat extraction path. This channel is used to carry the blind cavity humid heat shadow flow and guide it through the wall contact area. Specifically, the starting point of the path is the location where the blind cavity wet heat shadow flow leaves the return boundary. The direction of the path arrangement is the location where the blind cavity wet heat shadow flow needs to avoid the inlet of the main waste heat exchanger. The end point of the path is the connection between the outlet of the shadow unloading path and the heat exchange location of the subsequent independent heat medium branch. A flow channel independent of the main exhaust heat extraction path is formed on the outside of the diesel engine exhaust waste heat branch or on the side of the exhaust main pipe. This allows the blind cavity wet heat shadow flow to enter the flow channel from the return boundary and be transported to the subsequent heat exchange location along the flow channel, thereby determining the shadow unloading path for receiving the blind cavity wet heat shadow flow.

[0025] Identify the wall contact area in the shadow unloading path; The wall contact area refers to the inner wall area within the shadow unloading path that is in contact with the blind cavity humid heat shadow flow. This inner wall area is used to receive liquid films, condensate droplets, soot particles and condensable components in the blind cavity humid heat shadow flow. Specifically, the inlet, inner wall, and outlet of the shadow unloading passage are used as the defining objects. Within the shadow unloading passage, the inner wall region that directly contacts the blind cavity humid heat shadow flow is identified. The inner wall region near the inlet of the shadow unloading passage, the bottom inner wall region extending along the flow direction of the blind cavity humid heat shadow flow, the side inner wall region, the turning inner wall region, and the inner wall region located before the outlet of the shadow unloading passage are defined as the wall contact area. This allows the blind cavity humid heat shadow flow to pass through the wall contact area after entering the shadow unloading passage, and enables the liquid film, condensate droplets, soot particles, and condensable components in the blind cavity humid heat shadow flow to come into contact with the wall contact area.

[0026] The blind cavity humid heat shadow flow is introduced into the shadow unloading path, and the contact between the blind cavity humid heat shadow flow and the wall contact area is controlled to obtain the blind cavity humid heat shadow flow after the humid heat boundary separation is completed.

[0027] The humid heat boundary refers to the moist heat-carrying interface formed by condensate, liquid film, soot particles, condensable components, and local heat in the blind cavity humid heat shadow flow; the blind cavity humid heat shadow flow after the humid heat boundary separation refers to the flow branch formed after the blind cavity humid heat shadow flow passes through the wall contact area, in which the liquid film, condensate droplets, soot particles, and condensable components in the flow branch have been separated from the flow body to the wall contact area.

[0028] Specifically, the blind cavity humid heat shadow flow is introduced into the inlet of the shadow unloading passage from the return boundary. The blind cavity humid heat shadow flow flows along the inner cavity of the shadow unloading passage and passes sequentially through the wall contact area near the inlet, the bottom wall contact area extending along the flow direction, the side wall contact area, the turning wall contact area, and the wall contact area near the outlet. During the process of the blind cavity humid heat shadow flow passing through the wall contact area, the liquid film, condensate droplets, soot particles, and condensable components in the blind cavity humid heat shadow flow come into contact with the wall contact area and remain there. The flowing gas portion in the blind cavity humid heat shadow flow continues to flow along the shadow unloading passage, and the remaining liquid film, condensate droplets, soot particles, and condensable components separate from the continuing flowing gas portion. The flowing gas portion after the above separation is defined as the blind cavity humid heat shadow flow after the humid heat boundary separation is completed.

[0029] In an embodiment of the present invention, obtaining a dried tributary includes: Identify the independent heat medium branches in the shadow unloading path; An independent heat medium branch refers to a heat medium flow path that is located near the shadow unloading path and exchanges heat with the shadow unloading path. A heat medium for receiving heat flows in the heat medium flow path. When the heat medium flows in the independent heat medium branch, it receives heat from the blind cavity wet and hot shadow flow after the wet and hot boundary separation is completed. Specifically, the flow section in the shadow unloading path through which the blind cavity wet and hot shadow flow passes after the separation of wet and hot boundaries is taken as the corresponding heat exchange location. The heat medium flow path is determined on the outside of the flow section, the interlayer side, or the side of the adjacent heat exchange wall. The heat medium inlet, heat medium outlet, heat medium flow cavity, heat transfer wall surface, and heat medium return path are jointly determined as independent heat medium branches. The independent heat medium branches and the shadow unloading path form a heat transfer relationship through the heat transfer wall surface, and the independent heat medium branches do not mix with the blind cavity wet and hot shadow flow.

[0030] The blind cavity humid heat shadow flow after the humid heat boundary separation is controlled to exchange heat with the independent heat medium branch, so as to obtain the shadow unloading heat and the blind cavity humid heat shadow flow after heat exchange is completed. Heat exchange refers to the process of heat transfer between the blind cavity wet heat shadow flow after the separation of the wet and hot boundary and the heat medium in the independent heat medium branch. In this process, the heat in the blind cavity wet heat shadow flow is transferred to the heat medium through the heat transfer boundary of the shadow unloading path. The shadow unloading heat refers to the heat transferred from the blind cavity wet heat shadow flow to the independent heat medium branch after the separation of the wet and hot boundary. This part of the heat comes from the local heat carried by the blind cavity wet heat shadow flow and is absorbed by the heat medium in the independent heat medium branch. The blind cavity wet heat shadow flow after heat exchange refers to the flowing gas formed after the blind cavity wet heat shadow flow after the separation of the wet and hot boundary has undergone heat transfer. Part of the heat in this flowing gas has been transferred to the independent heat medium branch. Specifically, the blind cavity wet heat shadow flow after completing the separation of wet and hot boundaries is introduced into the heat exchange flow section corresponding to the independent heat medium branch in the shadow unloading path. The blind cavity wet heat shadow flow after completing the separation of wet and hot boundaries flows along one side of the heat transfer wall, and the heat medium in the independent heat medium branch flows along the other side of the heat transfer wall. The heat carried by the blind cavity wet heat shadow flow after completing the separation of wet and hot boundaries is transferred to the heat medium through the heat transfer wall. The heat received by the heat medium is determined as the shadow unloading heat. The blind cavity wet heat shadow flow that has undergone heat exchange through the heat transfer wall and leaves the heat exchange flow section is determined as the blind cavity wet heat shadow flow after heat exchange.

[0031] After heat exchange is completed, the wet and hot shadow flow in the blind cavity is discharged from the shadow unloading passage to obtain the dried tributary.

[0032] The dried tributary refers to the exhaust tributary formed after the blind cavity wet heat shadow flow leaves the shadow unloading path after heat exchange is completed. This exhaust tributary has completed the separation of wet and hot boundaries and the unloading of heat, and its interior mainly retains the continuously flowing gas portion.

[0033] Specifically, the outlet flow section of the shadow unloading passage after heat exchange with the independent heat medium branch is taken as the discharge position. The blind cavity wet heat shadow flow after heat exchange is guided along the outlet direction of the shadow unloading passage, so that the blind cavity wet heat shadow flow after heat exchange leaves the heat exchange flow section corresponding to the heat transfer wall and enters the branch transport path before the subsequent main heat extraction and reconstruction section through the discharge section of the shadow unloading passage. The exhaust branch that leaves the shadow unloading passage and has completed the separation of wet heat boundary and the transfer of shadow unloading heat is identified as the drying branch.

[0034] The main reconstruction module determines the main heat recovery reconstruction section and introduces the dried tributary into the main heat recovery reconstruction section to obtain a single-connected main heat recovery exhaust flow. In an embodiment of the present invention, obtaining a single-connected main heat extraction exhaust flow includes: Obtain the continuous mainstream of the diesel engine exhaust pipe that has not been diverted; Specifically, the exhaust pipe cavity of the diesel engine is used as the object of exhaust flow confirmation. The branching position of the blind cavity wet heat shadow flow is used as the dividing position. The exhaust that does not enter the flow path close to the edge of the cavity opening, does not enter the return boundary, does not enter the shadow unloading passage, and continues to flow along the diesel engine exhaust pipe cavity towards the main waste heat exchanger is identified as the continuous mainstream of the exhaust pipe. The inflow position, outflow position, remaining flow path after the branching position, transport path near the inlet of the main waste heat exchanger, pipe section position before merging with the drying branch, and flow boundary connected to the main heat recovery and reconstruction section are confirmed.

[0035] Position the inlet of the main waste heat exchanger in the diesel engine exhaust waste heat branch; The continuous main exhaust flow in the exhaust pipe refers to the main exhaust flow in the diesel engine exhaust pipe that does not enter the blind cavity wet heat shadow flow generation path and continues to flow along the exhaust pipe towards the main waste heat exchanger. This main exhaust flow maintains the original exhaust delivery path and carries the main heat in the diesel engine exhaust. The main waste heat exchanger refers to the heat recovery device installed in the diesel engine exhaust waste heat branch. This device is used to receive the diesel engine exhaust and transfer the heat in the exhaust to the heat medium. Specifically, taking the main waste heat exchanger in the diesel engine exhaust waste heat branch used to receive exhaust as the positioning object, the inlet end face, inlet pipe, inlet connecting pipe section, inlet flange, inlet inner cavity boundary, and connection boundary between the inlet and the upstream exhaust main pipe are determined. The location of the inlet end face is taken as the inlet position of the main waste heat exchanger, and the relative position of the inlet position with respect to the diesel engine exhaust main pipe, the main heat recovery section, the continuous mainstream outflow position of the exhaust main pipe, and the inlet position of the drying branch are confirmed.

[0036] The main heat recovery and reconstruction section is determined based on the inlet of the main waste heat exchanger; The inlet of the main waste heat exchanger refers to the fluid entry point of the supply and exhaust gas into the heat exchange area in the main waste heat exchanger. This position constitutes the boundary position of the exhaust gas entering the main waste heat exchanger. The main heat recovery section refers to the exhaust gas flow area set upstream of the inlet of the main waste heat exchanger and used to collect the drying tributary and the continuous main exhaust gas flow of the exhaust gas main. This area is used to form a unified exhaust gas flow before entering the main waste heat exchanger. Specifically, the downstream boundary is defined by the inlet end face, inlet pipe opening, and inlet connecting pipe section of the main waste heat exchanger, and the upstream boundary is defined by the upstream pipe section where the main exhaust pipe and the drying tributary can merge. In the diesel engine exhaust waste heat branch, a pipe section located upstream of the inlet of the main waste heat exchanger and connected to the main exhaust pipe is selected as the main heat recovery section. The main heat recovery section has a main pipe inlet that receives the main exhaust pipe, a tributary inlet that receives the drying tributary, an outlet that guides the merged exhaust flow to the inlet of the main waste heat exchanger, and an internal space for the two exhaust flows to form a common flow path. The outlet of the main heat recovery section is connected to the inlet of the main waste heat exchanger.

[0037] The dried tributary is introduced into the main heat recovery and reconstruction section, and the dried tributary is controlled to merge with the main exhaust pipe in the main heat recovery and reconstruction section to obtain the reconstructed exhaust flow. Confluence refers to the process by which the dried tributary and the continuous mainstream of the exhaust pipe form a common flow path in the same flow area; reconstructed exhaust flow refers to the exhaust flow formed after the dried tributary and the continuous mainstream of the exhaust pipe have completed their confluence, and this exhaust flow includes both the continuous mainstream of the exhaust pipe and the dried tributary after shadow unloading. Specifically, the dried tributary is introduced from the discharge position of the shadow unloading passage into the tributary inlet of the main heat recovery and reconstruction section, and the continuous main exhaust pipe is introduced from the diesel engine exhaust pipe into the main pipe inlet of the main heat recovery and reconstruction section, so that the dried tributary and the continuous main exhaust pipe enter the same flow channel in the internal space of the main heat recovery and reconstruction section and flow together along the outlet direction of the main heat recovery and reconstruction section. The exhaust flow that has completed the merging and flows towards the inlet of the main waste heat exchanger is determined as the reconstruction exhaust flow.

[0038] The reconstructed exhaust flow is introduced into the inlet of the main waste heat exchanger to obtain a single-connected main heat extraction exhaust flow.

[0039] The single-connection main heat recovery exhaust flow refers to the continuous exhaust flow formed after the reconstruction exhaust flow enters the inlet of the main waste heat exchanger. This continuous exhaust flow enters the main waste heat exchanger through a single connection path and serves as the exhaust source for the main waste heat exchanger to recover waste heat.

[0040] Specifically, the outlet of the main heat recovery and reconstruction section is taken as the output position of the reconstruction exhaust flow, and the inlet end face, inlet pipe opening, and inlet inner cavity boundary of the main waste heat exchanger are taken as the receiving positions of the reconstruction exhaust flow. The reconstruction exhaust flow is guided from the outlet of the main heat recovery and reconstruction section to the inlet pipe opening of the main waste heat exchanger, so that the reconstruction exhaust flow enters the inlet inner cavity of the main waste heat exchanger through the inlet end face. Before entering the main waste heat exchanger, the reconstruction exhaust flow maintains a common flow path formed by the continuous confluence of the drying tributary and the exhaust main stream. The reconstruction exhaust flow that enters the inlet inner cavity of the main waste heat exchanger and flows along the heat exchange area of ​​the main waste heat exchanger is defined as the single-connected main heat recovery exhaust flow.

[0041] The waste heat utilization module controls the main waste heat exchanger of the hybrid electric locomotive to exchange heat with the single-connection main heat extraction exhaust flow to obtain an effective waste heat supply; based on the effective waste heat supply, it performs comprehensive utilization of the diesel engine's waste heat.

[0042] In embodiments of the present invention, obtaining effective waste heat supply includes: Determine the main waste heat utilization end of the hybrid electric locomotive; The main waste heat utilization end refers to the heat collection end in the hybrid electric locomotive used to receive the waste heat from the diesel engine exhaust and transfer heat to subsequent heat-using objects. This end is connected to the main waste heat exchanger and the independent heat medium branch, and is used to receive the main exhaust waste heat and the shadow unloading heat. Specifically, taking the waste heat utilization pipeline used to receive exhaust heat from the diesel engine in a hybrid electric locomotive as the target, the heat input end connected to the heat medium outlet of the main waste heat exchanger, the heat access end connected to the shadow unloading heat input passage, the heat output end connected to the subsequent waste heat utilization unit, and the collection cavity through which the heat supply medium flows are identified in this waste heat utilization pipeline. The heat input end, heat access end, heat output end, and collection cavity are collectively identified as the main waste heat utilization end, so that the main waste heat utilization end can receive exhaust waste heat from the main waste heat exchanger and shadow unloading heat from the shadow unloading passage, and collect the received heat into heat supply that can be used subsequently.

[0043] The single-connected main heat extraction exhaust flow is introduced into the main waste heat exchanger, and the main waste heat exchanger is controlled to exchange heat with the single-connected main heat extraction exhaust flow to obtain the main exhaust waste heat. Main exhaust waste heat refers to the heat transferred from the exhaust after the single-connected main heat extraction exhaust flow enters the main waste heat exchanger. This heat comes from the continuous exhaust heat in the diesel engine exhaust pipe. Specifically, using the main waste heat exchanger as the heat exchange device, the exhaust inlet of the main waste heat exchanger is connected to the inlet of the single-connected main heat extraction exhaust flow. The single-connected main heat extraction exhaust flow is introduced into the exhaust channel of the main waste heat exchanger, allowing it to pass through the heat exchange area of ​​the main waste heat exchanger along the exhaust channel. The heat medium inlet of the main waste heat exchanger is connected to the heat medium supply pipeline, allowing the heat medium to be introduced into the heat medium channel of the main waste heat exchanger. The heat medium passes through the heat exchange area along the heat medium channel, with the single-connected main heat extraction exhaust flow in the exhaust channel and the heat medium in the heat medium channel located on opposite sides of the heat transfer wall. The exhaust heat carried by the single-connected main heat extraction exhaust flow is transferred to the heat medium through the heat transfer wall, and the heat medium that has received the exhaust heat flows out from the heat medium outlet of the main waste heat exchanger. The heat carried by the heat medium as it flows out from the heat medium outlet is determined as the main exhaust waste heat.

[0044] Input the waste heat from the main exhaust into the main waste heat utilization end; Specifically, the heat medium outlet of the main waste heat exchanger is used as the output position of the main exhaust waste heat, and the heat input end of the main waste heat utilization end is used as the receiving position. The heat medium carrying the main exhaust waste heat is introduced from the heat medium outlet of the main waste heat exchanger into the heat input end of the main waste heat utilization end, so that the main exhaust waste heat enters the main waste heat utilization end along the heat medium transport path and enters the collection cavity of the main waste heat utilization end.

[0045] The heat from the unloading of the shadow is input into the main waste heat utilization terminal; Specifically, the heat medium outlet in the independent heat medium branch that receives the shadow unloading heat is taken as the output position of the shadow unloading heat, and the heat access end in the main waste heat utilization end that receives the shadow unloading heat is taken as the receiving position. The heat medium carrying the shadow unloading heat is introduced from the heat medium outlet of the independent heat medium branch into the heat access end of the main waste heat utilization end, so that the shadow unloading heat enters the main waste heat utilization end along the independent heat medium transport path and enters the collection cavity of the main waste heat utilization end.

[0046] The main waste heat utilization end receives the main exhaust waste heat and the shadow unloading heat to obtain an effective waste heat supply.

[0047] Effective waste heat supply refers to the heat supply that can be used by subsequent waste heat utilization units after the main waste heat utilization end receives the main exhaust waste heat and the shadow unloading heat. This heat supply already includes the heat from the main heat extraction exhaust flow and the heat from the shadow unloading passage.

[0048] Specifically, the main waste heat utilization end is used as the heat collection point in the waste heat, waste gas and waste pressure utilization equipment. The heat medium carrying the main exhaust waste heat is introduced into the collection cavity through the heat input end of the main waste heat utilization end, and the heat medium carrying the shadow unloading heat is introduced into the collection cavity through the heat access end of the main waste heat utilization end. The main exhaust waste heat and the shadow unloading heat form the same heat supply source in the collection cavity through the heat medium. The heat medium in the collection cavity carries the main exhaust waste heat and the shadow unloading heat to the heat output end of the main waste heat utilization end. The heat supply output from the heat output end that includes the main exhaust waste heat and the shadow unloading heat is determined as the effective waste heat supply.

[0049] In an embodiment of the present invention, the comprehensive utilization of waste heat from a diesel engine includes: Identify the waste heat utilization unit connected to the main waste heat utilization terminal; Specifically, taking the heat output end of the main waste heat utilization end as the heat output location, and taking the heat-receiving parts in the hybrid electric locomotive as the receiving objects, the waste heat utilization unit connected to the heat output end through heat medium pipelines, heat exchange pipelines, or heat transfer channels is determined. The waste heat utilization unit includes at least one of the following: waste heat power generation unit, battery thermal management unit, driver's cab heating unit, heat storage unit, diesel engine preheating unit, and equipment compartment thermal management unit. The heat inlet, heat medium flow channel, heat receiving part, and heat return channel of the waste heat utilization unit are determined so that the waste heat utilization unit can receive effective waste heat supply from the main waste heat utilization end.

[0050] Effective waste heat is supplied to the waste heat utilization unit to perform comprehensive utilization of waste heat from the diesel engine.

[0051] Specifically, the heat output end of the main waste heat utilization end is used as the output position of the effective waste heat supply, and the heat inlet of the waste heat utilization unit is used as the receiving position of the effective waste heat supply. The heat medium carrying the effective waste heat supply is introduced from the heat output end of the main waste heat utilization end into the heat inlet of the waste heat utilization unit, so that the heat medium flows along the heat medium flow channel of the waste heat utilization unit, and the effective waste heat supply carried by the heat medium is transferred to at least one of the heat-using parts, such as the waste heat power generation unit, the battery thermal management unit, the driver's cab heating unit, the heat storage unit, the diesel engine preheating unit, or the equipment compartment thermal management unit. The exhaust waste heat of the diesel engine is converted into electrical energy, heat preservation heat, heat supply heat, stored heat, or preheating heat through the waste heat utilization unit, thereby performing comprehensive utilization of the diesel engine's waste heat.

[0052] Because hybrid locomotives operate under conditions of low-temperature shunting, frequent start-stop, and low-load operation, blind cavity liquid bridges composed of condensate, soot particles, and condensable components easily form in the low-position area of ​​the diesel engine exhaust waste heat branch, the root of the sampling branch, the end of the closed side branch, and local liquid accumulation bags. These blind cavity spaces, originally connected to the main exhaust flow, become partially enclosed humid heat retention spaces. This prevents the accumulated condensate, humid heat masses, soot particles, and local heat from participating in the normal heat exchange process according to the flow pattern of the main exhaust flow. Consequently, humid heat substances with localized retention properties mix with the exhaust heat entering the main waste heat exchanger, affecting waste heat power generation, battery thermal management, and driver... The heat source received by waste heat utilization objects such as indoor heating and thermal storage is deviated, resulting in a difference between the actual usable heat and the heat sensed by the heat exchanger. Therefore, this solution no longer simply regards such local closed humid heat spaces as part of ordinary exhaust channels. Instead, it first identifies the local closed humid heat areas formed by liquid bridges, then separates the corresponding humid heat substances from the main heat extraction path to form an independent humid heat flow. The humid heat boundary and the sealed heat are unloaded and recovered separately, and then reconstructed and merged with the main exhaust heat extraction path. This ensures that the main waste heat heat exchanger receives a continuous main heat extraction exhaust flow that has been processed, making the comprehensive utilization process of diesel engine waste heat more consistent with the actual distribution of exhaust heat.

[0053] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A comprehensive system for utilizing waste heat from the diesel engine of a hybrid electric locomotive, characterized in that, include: The latch-up analysis module performs structural decomposition on the blind cavity liquid bridge thermal latch-up in the exhaust waste heat branch of the diesel engine, obtaining the cavity opening, cavity body and reconnection boundary, and obtaining thermal latch-up candidate units; The shadow flow generation module performs diversion processing on the main exhaust flow in the diesel engine exhaust pipe based on the thermal latch-up candidate unit to obtain the blind cavity wet and hot shadow flow; The boundary unloading module guides the blind cavity humid heat shadow flow into the shadow unloading path corresponding to the blind cavity humid heat shadow flow, so as to obtain the blind cavity humid heat shadow flow after completing the humid heat boundary separation and obtain the dried tributary. The main reconstruction module determines the main heat recovery reconstruction section and introduces the dried tributary into the main heat recovery reconstruction section to obtain a single-connected main heat recovery exhaust flow. The waste heat utilization module controls the main waste heat exchanger of the hybrid electric locomotive to exchange heat with the single-connection main heat extraction exhaust flow to obtain an effective waste heat supply; based on the effective waste heat supply, it performs comprehensive utilization of the diesel engine's waste heat.

2. The comprehensive utilization system for waste heat from the diesel engine of a hybrid electric locomotive according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thermal latch-up candidate cells are obtained, including: Determine the thermal latch-up of the blind cavity liquid bridge in the diesel engine exhaust waste heat branch; Acquire the position data of the thermal latch of the blind cavity fluid bridge; Determine the geometric shape data corresponding to the location data; Based on geometric morphology data, the structure of the blind cavity liquid bridge thermal latch is decomposed to obtain the cavity opening, cavity body and reconnection boundary. By establishing a correspondence between the cavity opening, cavity body, and reconnection boundary and the corresponding position data, candidate thermal latch-up units are obtained.

3. The comprehensive utilization system for waste heat from the diesel engine of a hybrid electric locomotive according to claim 1, characterized in that, Obtaining the moist heat shadow flow in the blind cavity includes: Obtain the main exhaust flow path in the diesel engine's exhaust manifold; Based on the cavity opening in the thermal latching candidate unit, the main exhaust flow is split to obtain an exhaust branch flowing close to the edge of the cavity opening; The exhaust branch that flows close to the edge of the cavity opening is controlled and enters the return boundary section along the edge of the cavity opening to obtain the blind cavity humid heat shadow flow.

4. The comprehensive utilization system for waste heat from the diesel engine of a hybrid electric locomotive according to claim 1, characterized in that, The blind cavity humid heat shadow flow after the humid heat boundary separation is obtained includes: Based on the flow direction of the blind cavity moist heat shadow flow, determine the shadow unloading path for receiving the blind cavity moist heat shadow flow; Identify the wall contact area in the shadow unloading path; The blind cavity humid heat shadow flow is introduced into the shadow unloading path, and the contact between the blind cavity humid heat shadow flow and the wall contact area is controlled to obtain the blind cavity humid heat shadow flow after the humid heat boundary separation is completed.

5. A comprehensive waste heat utilization system for diesel engines in hybrid electric locomotives according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dried tributaries include: Identify the independent heat medium branches in the shadow unloading path; The blind cavity humid heat shadow flow after the humid heat boundary separation is controlled to exchange heat with the independent heat medium branch, so as to obtain the shadow unloading heat and the blind cavity humid heat shadow flow after heat exchange is completed. After heat exchange is completed, the wet and hot shadow flow in the blind cavity is discharged from the shadow unloading passage to obtain the dried tributary.

6. The comprehensive utilization system for waste heat from the diesel engine of a hybrid electric locomotive according to claim 1, characterized in that, The obtained single-connected main heat extraction exhaust flow includes: Obtain the continuous mainstream of the diesel engine exhaust pipe that has not been diverted; Position the inlet of the main waste heat exchanger in the diesel engine exhaust waste heat branch; The main heat recovery and reconstruction section is determined based on the inlet of the main waste heat exchanger; The dried tributary is introduced into the main heat recovery and reconstruction section, and the dried tributary is controlled to merge with the main exhaust pipe in the main heat recovery and reconstruction section to obtain the reconstructed exhaust flow. The reconstructed exhaust flow is introduced into the inlet of the main waste heat exchanger to obtain a single-connected main heat extraction exhaust flow.

7. A comprehensive waste heat utilization system for diesel engines in hybrid electric locomotives according to claim 1, characterized in that, To obtain an effective waste heat supply, including: Determine the main waste heat utilization end of the hybrid electric locomotive; The single-connected main heat extraction exhaust flow is introduced into the main waste heat exchanger, and the main waste heat exchanger is controlled to exchange heat with the single-connected main heat extraction exhaust flow to obtain the main exhaust waste heat. Input the waste heat from the main exhaust into the main waste heat utilization end; The heat from the unloading of the shadow is input into the main waste heat utilization terminal; The main waste heat utilization end receives the main exhaust waste heat and the shadow unloading heat to obtain an effective waste heat supply.

8. A comprehensive waste heat utilization system for diesel engines in hybrid electric locomotives according to claim 1, characterized in that, Implement comprehensive utilization of waste heat from diesel engines, including: Identify the waste heat utilization unit connected to the main waste heat utilization terminal; Effective waste heat is supplied to the waste heat utilization unit to perform comprehensive utilization of waste heat from the diesel engine.

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