Vertical axis wind turbine and method for braking a vertical axis wind turbine

Abstract

The application provides a vertical axis fan and a braking method of the vertical axis fan. The vertical axis fan comprises a support base and a tower, the support base is rotationally connected to the tower, and at least one set of blade mechanisms. The blade mechanism comprises a blade, a rotating connecting assembly and a driving source, the rotating connecting assembly is fixedly connected with the blade, the rotating connecting assembly is rotationally connected to the support base around a preset axis, and the preset axis passes through the blade connected with the rotating connecting assembly; the driving source is installed on the support base and is arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the rotating connecting assembly, the driving source is configured to drive the corresponding rotating connecting assembly to rotate around the preset axis and be locked at a first preset position, and when the rotating connecting assembly is located at the first preset position, the pitch angle β of the blade satisfies 45 degrees ≤ β ≤ 90 degrees. Through the application, the safety of the vertical axis fan can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of wind power generation technology, and in particular to a vertical axis wind turbine and a braking method for the vertical axis wind turbine. Background Technology

[0002] The rapid development of the power industry and artificial intelligence has placed higher demands on power generation capacity. Against the backdrop of my country’s vigorous promotion of grid connection of large wind farms, the distributed small and medium-sized “wind power + energy storage” integrated solution is showing significant advantages: on the one hand, it can effectively reduce the cost of long-distance grid connection and grid expansion and transformation; on the other hand, it can reduce the impact on the main grid and improve the reliability and resilience of energy use.

[0003] In distributed and small-to-medium power wind power scenarios, wind turbines can be categorized into horizontal-axis turbines and vertical-axis turbines based on their arrangement of the turbine's main shaft relative to the ground. Compared to the more mature horizontal-axis turbines, vertical-axis turbines offer advantages such as no need for wind deflection, lower noise, lower investment costs, easier installation and maintenance, longer service life, and easier airfoil fabrication, making them increasingly popular. Furthermore, with the widespread application of vertical-axis turbines, their operational safety and wind-resistant braking performance are receiving increasing attention. Most vertical-axis turbines rely on generators for electromagnetic braking to control costs. However, under extreme wind conditions such as strong winds and gusts, traditional electromagnetic braking methods are prone to insufficient braking force, leading to overspeed risks and resulting in relatively poor safety for these vertical-axis turbines. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a vertical axis fan and a braking method for the vertical axis fan, which can improve the safety of the vertical axis fan.

[0005] The technical solution of this application embodiment is implemented as follows:

[0006] This application provides a vertical axis fan, including:

[0007] Support base and tower, the support base being rotatably connected to the tower; and

[0008] At least one set of blade mechanisms, each blade mechanism including a blade, a transfer assembly, and a drive source. The transfer assembly is fixedly connected to the blade and is rotatably connected to a support base about a preset axis. The preset axis passes through the blade connected to the transfer assembly. The drive source is installed on the support base and is configured to correspond one-to-one with the transfer assembly. The drive source is configured to drive the corresponding transfer assembly to rotate about the preset axis and lock in a first preset position. When the transfer assembly is in the first preset position, the blade pitch angle β satisfies: 45 degrees ≤ β ≤ 90 degrees.

[0009] In some embodiments, the preset axis passes through the centroidal axis of the blade, wherein the centroidal axis of the blade is the line connecting the centroids of each cross section of the blade along its extension direction.

[0010] In some embodiments, the adapter assembly includes two adapter pieces;

[0011] The two ends of the blade along the extension direction are each rotatably connected to the support base through an adapter, and the drive end of the drive source is connected to one of the adapters.

[0012] In some embodiments, the adapter includes a first connecting portion and a second connecting portion connected to each other. The first connecting portion is connected to the blade, and the second connecting portion is rotatably supported on the support base via a bearing member about a preset axis.

[0013] In some embodiments, both ends of the blade along the extension direction include an outermost end face located in the extension direction of the blade and a side face continuing from the end face.

[0014] The first connecting part is connected to the side of the blade, and the second connecting part and the corresponding end face are arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the blade.

[0015] In some embodiments, the first connecting portion includes a first substrate and a second substrate connected to each other, the first substrate being connected to the side surface of the blade, and the second substrate being disposed opposite to the end face along the extension direction of the blade.

[0016] The second connecting part includes a flange and a connecting post. The flange is located on the side of the second substrate away from the blade and is fixedly connected to the second substrate. The connecting post is connected to the side of the flange away from the blade.

[0017] In some embodiments, the drive source is a rotary drive mechanism, and the vertical axis fan further includes a gear reduction mechanism; the flange of the adapter corresponding to the drive source is provided with external gear teeth, the gear reduction mechanism meshes with the external gear teeth, and is connected to the drive end of the drive source.

[0018] or,

[0019] The drive source is constructed as a linear drive mechanism, and the drive end of the drive source is connected to the first substrate of the corresponding adapter.

[0020] In some embodiments, the connecting column includes an inner shaft and a sleeve portion sleeved outside the inner shaft, the inner shaft being connected to the inner ring of the bearing member, and the sleeve portion bearing the axial end of the inner ring;

[0021] The second substrate has clearance holes at the positions corresponding to the inner shaft.

[0022] In some embodiments, the vertical axis fan further includes a damper connected between the support and the adapter, the damper being configured to apply a damping force to rotation of the adapter relative to the support.

[0023] In some embodiments, the vertical axis wind turbine further includes a generator and a main shaft, wherein the input shaft of the generator is drivenly connected to the main shaft, the main shaft is fixedly connected to the support base, and is rotatably connected to the tower about the axis of the main shaft.

[0024] In some embodiments, the vertical axis fan further includes a controller, which is configured to: acquire the ambient wind speed, and when the ambient wind speed is greater than the cut-out wind speed of the vertical axis fan, control the drive source to drive the adapter to rotate around a preset axis and lock it to a first preset position.

[0025] The rotational speed of the blade relative to the tower is obtained, and when the rotational speed decreases to a first preset range, the three phases of the generator are short-circuited, wherein the first preset range is 10%-30% of the rated rotational speed of the blade.

[0026] In some embodiments, the vertical axis fan also includes a mechanical braking mechanism;

[0027] The controller is also used to activate the mechanical braking mechanism to brake the main shaft of the vertical axis wind turbine after the three phases of the generator of the vertical axis wind turbine are short-circuited and the speed of the blades revolving relative to the tower drops to less than 10% of the rated speed of the blades, so as to lock the main shaft.

[0028] and / or

[0029] The controller is also used to control the drive source to drive the adapter to rotate around the preset axis and lock it in the second preset position before controlling the drive source to drive the adapter to rotate around the preset axis and lock it in the first preset position. When the adapter is in the second preset position, the blade pitch angle β satisfies: 0°≤β<45°.

[0030] This application embodiment also provides a braking method for a vertical axis fan. The vertical axis fan includes a tower, a support base rotatably connected to the tower, at least one set of blade mechanisms, and a generator. The blade mechanism includes a drive source, blades and a transfer assembly connected to each other, and the transfer assembly is rotatably connected to the support base about a preset axis.

[0031] Braking methods for vertical axis fans include:

[0032] The ambient wind speed is obtained. When the ambient wind speed is greater than the cut-out wind speed of the vertical axis fan, the drive source is controlled to drive the adapter component to rotate around the preset axis and lock it to the first preset position. When the adapter component is in the first preset position, the blade pitch angle β satisfies: 45 degrees ≤ β ≤ 90 degrees, and the preset axis passes through the blade connected by the adapter component.

[0033] The rotational speed of the blade relative to the tower is obtained, and when the rotational speed decreases to a first preset range, the three phases of the generator are short-circuited, wherein the first preset range is 10%-30% of the rated rotational speed of the blade.

[0034] In some embodiments, the vertical axis fan further includes a mechanical braking mechanism; after short-circuiting the three phases of the generator, it also includes:

[0035] When the rotational speed of the blades relative to the tower drops to less than 10% of the blades' rated speed, the mechanical braking mechanism is activated to brake the main shaft of the vertical axis wind turbine and lock it in place. The main shaft is connected to the input shaft of the generator and is fixedly connected to the support base.

[0036] and / or

[0037] Before controlling the drive source to drive the adapter assembly to rotate around a preset axis and lock it to a first preset position, it also includes:

[0038] The control drive source drives the adapter assembly to rotate around a preset axis and lock it in a second preset position. When the adapter assembly is in the second preset position, the blade pitch angle β satisfies: 0°≤β<45°.

[0039] The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of this application may include the following beneficial effects:

[0040] In this embodiment of the application, the vertical axis wind turbine includes a support base, a tower, and at least one set of blade mechanisms. The support base is rotatably connected to the tower, and the blade mechanism includes blades and a transition assembly. The transition assembly is fixedly connected to the blades, and the transition assembly is rotatably connected to the support base around a preset axis. Therefore, when the blades are exposed to wind, they can drive the support base to rotate relative to the tower in order to convert wind energy into mechanical energy.

[0041] The blade mechanism also includes a drive source, which is configured to drive the corresponding adapter component to rotate around a preset axis and lock in a first preset position. Since the adapter component is fixedly connected to the blade, when the drive source drives the adapter component to rotate, the adapter component can also drive the blade to rotate synchronously. When the adapter component rotates to the first preset position and locks in the first preset position, the blade pitch angle β satisfies: 45 degrees ≤ β ≤ 90 degrees. With this setting, in extreme wind conditions such as strong winds and gusts, the drive source can drive the adapter component to rotate the blade. When the adapter component rotates to the first preset position, the blade pitch angle β is maintained at a certain angle within the range of 45 degrees to 90 degrees, causing the blade to generate braking resistance, reducing the blade speed, and assisting the electromagnetic braking of the vertical axis fan. This avoids the risk of overspeed to a certain extent and improves the safety of the vertical axis fan.

[0042] Furthermore, since the blades are connected via the adapter assembly along the preset axis, the driving force required to drive the adapter assembly to rotate is smaller. This is because centrifugal force is generated when the blades rotate relative to the tower. When the driving source drives the adapter assembly to rotate the blades around the preset axis, it is necessary to overcome the centrifugal torque generated by this centrifugal force relative to the preset axis. If the preset axis is connected via the blades via the adapter assembly, the lever arm of this centrifugal force will be smaller, and the centrifugal torque that the driving source needs to overcome will be smaller, thus saving driving force.

[0043] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and do not limit this application. Attached Figure Description

[0044] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application.

[0045] Figure 1 This is a diagram illustrating the instantaneous velocity distribution of the flow field after 90° pitch control in a vertical axis fan based on related technologies.

[0046] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the power coefficient of a vertical axis fan at various tip speed ratios when the blade pitch angle is 90° in a vertical axis fan of related technologies.

[0047] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a vertical axis fan according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0048] Figure 4 This is an exploded structural diagram of a vertical axis fan from another angle, according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0049] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of a connecting component in a vertical axis fan, according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0050] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the interconnection of a damper and a connecting component in a vertical axis fan according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0051] Figure 7 This is a schematic flowchart illustrating a braking method for a vertical axis fan according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0052] The reference numerals and names in the figure are as follows:

[0053] 100-Vertical Axis Fan;

[0054] 10-Support base; 11-Main body; 12-Outer arm; 121-First sub-arm; 122-Second sub-arm;

[0055] 20-blade mechanism;

[0056] 30 - Adapter assembly;

[0057] 31-Adapter; 311-First connecting portion; 3111-First substrate; 3112-Second substrate; 31120-Allowing hole; 312-Second connecting portion; 3121-Flange portion; 3122-Connecting post; 31221-Inner shaft; 31222-Sleeve portion; 31223-Protrusion; 3123-Outer gear tooth; 3124-Gear;

[0058] 40 - Blade; 41 - End point; 411 - End face; 412 - Side face;

[0059] 50 - Driver source; 51 - Driver terminal;

[0060] 60 - Bearing component; 61 - Inner ring; 62 - Elastic washer;

[0061] 70-Tower;

[0062] 80-Damper;

[0063] 91-Generator; 92-Main shaft; 93-Tower bearing assembly; 94-Coupling; 95-Torque sensor; 96-Slip ring;

[0064] O1 - Preset axis. Detailed Implementation

[0065] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The described embodiments should not be regarded as limitations on this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0066] In the following description, references are made to “some embodiments,” which describe a subset of all possible embodiments. However, it is understood that “some embodiments” may be the same subset or different subsets of all possible embodiments and may be combined with each other without conflict.

[0067] In the following description, the terms "first, second, third" are used merely to distinguish similar objects and do not represent a specific ordering of objects. It is understood that "first, second, third" may be interchanged in a specific order or sequence where permitted, so that the embodiments of this application described herein can be implemented in an order other than that illustrated or described herein.

[0068] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in the embodiments of this application have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used in the embodiments of this application is for the purpose of describing the embodiments of this application only and is not intended to limit this application.

[0069] Most vertical axis wind turbines using related technologies rely on generators for electromagnetic braking to control costs. However, under extreme wind conditions such as strong winds and gusts, traditional electromagnetic braking methods are prone to insufficient braking force, which can lead to overspeed risks and make the safety of vertical axis wind turbines with related technologies poor.

[0070] Figure 1 This is a diagram illustrating the instantaneous velocity distribution of the flow field after 90° pitch adjustment in a vertical axis fan based on related technologies. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the power coefficient of a vertical axis fan at various tip speed ratios when the blade pitch angle is 90° in a vertical axis fan of related technologies.

[0071] During normal operation of a vertical axis fan, aerodynamic efficiency is highest when the blades are at their initial set angle and reach the target tip speed ratio. If braking is applied directly at this point, the high power input needs to be rapidly absorbed, potentially leading to excessive heat accumulation and component overload depending on the absorption path. Therefore, the inventors of this application conducted computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations at different blade angles. The results show that as the blade pitch angle increases, the aerodynamic performance (lift to drag ratio) of the blades significantly decreases, and the energy captured by the fan and transferred to the drivetrain also decreases accordingly. Figure 1 The velocity distribution diagram of the vertical axis fan shows that the airflow on each blade surface exhibits obvious large separation characteristics, generating irregular large-scale vortex shedding, which weakens aerodynamic performance and exacerbates turbulent dissipation.

[0072] Based on this mechanism, the inventors of this application propose rapidly rotating the blades to extreme angles during braking to maximize drag increase and minimize energy input, thus achieving front-end energy reduction at the source. Combining the airfoil lift curve, it can be seen that the lift-to-drag ratio is lowest and aerodynamic performance is worst at an angle of attack of approximately 90°, making it a suitable target angle for aerodynamic braking. Further details can be found in the following section. Figure 2 When the blade pitch angle is 90°, the vertical axis fan exhibits negative energy input under any tip speed ratio / rotational speed conditions, meaning the blades cannot maintain rotation and will gradually decay to zero or extremely low speed. This result verifies the braking principle and effectiveness of using a large blade pitch angle for aerodynamic tip-end reduction.

[0073] In view of this, this application provides a vertical axis wind turbine and a braking method for the vertical axis wind turbine. This solution drives the blades to rotate through a drive source driving the adapter assembly, and achieves braking by utilizing aerodynamic characteristics. It uses active aerodynamic intervention to achieve fast, adjustable, and redundant braking and speed limiting control. Without the need for complex mechanical structures, it achieves efficient braking by simply changing the local lift-to-drag ratio of the blades, inducing stall, or triggering vortex structure energy consumption. This can significantly improve the safety and operational reliability of vertical axis wind turbines in distributed scenarios, and provide key technical support for the large-scale promotion of distributed wind energy.

[0074] The following description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, will illustrate the vertical axis fan 100 and the braking method of the vertical axis fan according to embodiments of this application. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a vertical axis fan 100 according to an exemplary embodiment. It should be noted that, for ease of observation, portions of the two ends 41 of the blades 40 are enlarged, as shown in the illustration. Figure 3 The top left and bottom left sides of the image.

[0075] Please see Figure 3 The vertical axis fan 100 provided in this application embodiment includes: a support base 10, a tower 70, and at least one set of blade mechanisms 20. The support base 10 is rotatably connected to the tower 70. The blade mechanism 20 includes blades 40, a transition assembly 30, and a drive source 50. The transition assembly 30 is fixedly connected to the blades 40, and the transition assembly 30 is rotatably connected to the support base 10 around a preset axis O1. The preset axis O1 passes through the blades 40 connected by the transition assembly 30. The drive source 50 is installed on the support base 10 and is configured to correspond one-to-one with the transition assembly 30. The drive source 50 is configured to drive the corresponding transition assembly 30 to rotate around the preset axis O1 and lock it in a first preset position. When the transition assembly 30 is in the first preset position, the pitch angle β of the blade 40 satisfies: 45 degrees ≤ β ≤ 90 degrees.

[0076] In this embodiment of the application, the vertical axis wind turbine 100 includes a support base 10, a tower 70, and at least one set of blade mechanisms 20. The support base 10 is rotatably connected to the tower 70. The blade mechanism 20 includes blades 40 and a transition assembly 30. The transition assembly 30 is fixedly connected to the blades 40, and the transition assembly 30 is rotatably connected to the support base 10 around a preset axis O1. Therefore, when the blades 40 are in a windy state, they can drive the support base 10 to rotate relative to the tower 70, so as to convert wind energy into mechanical energy.

[0077] The blade mechanism 20 also includes a drive source 50, which is configured to drive the corresponding adapter component 30 to rotate around a preset axis O1 and lock it in a first preset position. Since the adapter component 30 is fixedly connected to the blade 40, that is, when the drive source 50 drives the adapter component 30 to rotate, the adapter component 30 can also drive the blade 40 to rotate synchronously. When the adapter component 30 rotates to the first preset position and locks in the first preset position, the pitch angle β of the blade 40 satisfies: 45 degrees ≤ β ≤ 90 degrees. With this setting, in the event of strong winds, gusts, or other extreme wind conditions, the drive source 50 can drive the adapter component 30 to rotate the blade 40. When the adapter component 30 rotates to the first preset position, the pitch angle β of the blade 40 is kept at a certain angle within the range of 45 degrees to 90 degrees, so that the blade 40 generates braking resistance, reduces the speed of the blade 40, assists the electromagnetic braking of the vertical axis fan 100, avoids the risk of overspeed to a certain extent, and improves the safety of the vertical axis fan 100.

[0078] Furthermore, since the preset axis O1 passes through the blade 40 connected by the adapter assembly 30, the driving force required when the drive source 50 drives the adapter assembly 30 to rotate will be smaller. This is because the blade 40 generates centrifugal force when rotating relative to the tower 70. When the drive source 50 drives the adapter assembly 30 to rotate the blade 40 around the preset axis O1, it needs to overcome the centrifugal torque generated by the centrifugal force relative to the preset axis O1. If the preset axis O1 passes through the blade 40 connected by the adapter assembly 30, the lever arm of the centrifugal force will be smaller, and the centrifugal torque that the drive source 50 needs to overcome will be smaller, thus saving driving force.

[0079] Furthermore, it is understandable that this application represents a fundamental difference and substantial improvement in mechanism understanding and execution methods compared to related technologies that rely solely on generator electromagnetic braking or rigid mechanical braking. Firstly, based on high-precision modeling and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) verification, this application clarifies the periodic angle-of-attack evolution, induced vortex dissipation, and energy capture mechanism of the vertical axis under unsteady inflow, extracting key flow characteristics and thresholds applicable to braking control, thus filling a gap in the industry at the mechanism level. Secondly, regarding the braking principle and execution strategy, this application addresses the characteristics of the vertical axis wind turbine 100, which exhibits significant fluctuations in angle of attack per revolution and cannot be stably linearly decoupled. It employs a large-amplitude pitch-adjustment aerodynamic braking strategy, specifically, using the drive source 50 to controllably rotate the blade 40's pitch angle to a significantly deflected position (45 degrees to 90 degrees, preferably 90 degrees), actively increasing the drag coefficient and induced stall intensity. This reduces the effective energy capture and aerodynamic efficiency of the blade 40 against the incoming flow from the source, causing a sharp decrease in available aerodynamic power, thereby achieving rapid speed limiting, deceleration, and even shutdown. This scheme achieves a nonlinear and robust braking effect through a chain of "increased resistance - energy consumption - reduced power," which is more suitable for the unsteady aerodynamic characteristics of vertical axes and low transmission inertia scenarios. Furthermore, this application achieves feedforward load limiting of the transmission chain and unloading (overload protection) unit downstream of the vertical axis fan 100 by directly reducing the usable wind energy and the input power of the blades 40, thereby solving the vicious closed loop of "inability to brake - increasing heat with braking - increasing failure with heat" from the system energy path.

[0080] Please refer to the embodiments in this application. Figure 3 The support base 10 is rotatably connected to the tower 70, meaning that the support base 10 is movably connected to the tower 70 and can rotate relative to the tower 70. Exemplarily, the vertical axis fan 100 may further include a main shaft 92 and a tower bearing assembly 93. The main shaft 92 is fixedly connected to the support base 10 and rotatably connected to the tower 70 about the axis of the main shaft 92. For example, the main shaft 92 may be rotatably supported on the tower 70 via the tower bearing assembly 93. In this embodiment, the support base 10 can rotate relative to the tower 70 about the axis of the main shaft 92. The axis of the main shaft 92 may be parallel to a preset axis O1, or the axis of the main shaft 92 may have an angle with the preset axis O1; this application does not limit this.

[0081] in addition, Figure 3 In the example, the blade mechanism 20 is divided into two groups, and the two groups of blade mechanisms 20 are symmetrically arranged with respect to the axis of the main shaft 92. This application is not limited to this. The number of blade mechanisms 20 can also be set as needed, and their arrangement around the main shaft 92 can also be set to other ways as needed.

[0082] For example, the support base 10 may include a main body 11 and a support arm 12. The main body 11 is fixedly connected to one end of the main shaft 92, and the support arm 12 may be connected to the side of the main body 11. For example, if there are two support arms 12, the two support arms 12 are respectively connected to opposite sides of the main body 11.

[0083] In some embodiments, the vertical axis fan 100 may further include a generator 91, the input shaft of which is drive-connected to a main shaft 92. Exemplarily, the vertical axis fan 100 may also include a coupling 94, a torque sensor 95, a slip ring 96, etc. The input shaft of the generator 91 is connected to the torque sensor 95 via a coupling 94, and the torque sensor 95 is connected to the main shaft 92 via another coupling 94, so that the driving force from the main shaft 92 is transmitted through a coupling 94 to the main shaft 92. Figure 3 The coupling 94 and torque sensor 95 are located on the upper side of the drawing. Figure 3 The coupling 94 on the lower side of the diagram transmits torque to the input shaft of the generator 91. A torque sensor 95 measures the torque transmitted between the main shaft 92 and the input shaft of the generator 91. A slip ring 96 can be connected to the circumferential outside of the main shaft 92 for electrical and communication connections between the drive source 50 and controllers described later.

[0084] In this embodiment, the adapter component 30 is rotatably connected to the support base 10 about a preset axis O1. This means that the adapter component 30 is movably connected to the support base 10, and the adapter component 30 can also rotate relative to the support base 10 about the preset axis O1. The preset axis O1 passes through the blade 40 connected to the adapter component 30, meaning that when the adapter component 30 drives the blade 40 to rotate, the rotation axis of the blade 40 passes through the blade 40 itself.

[0085] The drive source 50 is mounted on the support base 10, for example, the housing of the drive source 50 can be connected to the support base 10 by bolts or other fasteners. The drive source 50 and the adapter component 30 are configured in a one-to-one correspondence, meaning each drive source 50 drives one adapter component 30. The drive source 50 is configured to drive the corresponding adapter component 30 to rotate around a preset axis O1 and lock it in a first preset position. This means the drive source 50 can drive the adapter component 30 to rotate around the preset axis O1 and can lock the adapter component 30 in the first preset position when it rotates to that position. Specifically, for example, the drive source 50 can be a drive source 50 with a self-locking function, so that the drive source 50 can achieve self-locking at any angle when it drives the adapter component 30 to that angle. In other embodiments, a locking mechanism or the like can also lock the adapter component 30 in the first preset position. Further, when the adapter component 30 is in the first preset position, the blade pitch angle β of the blade 40 satisfies: 45 degrees ≤ β ≤ 90 degrees. Preferably, the angle is 70 degrees, 80 degrees, or 90 degrees. It can be understood that in the vertical axis fan 100, the pitch angle of the blade 40 is the angle between the tangent direction of the rotation circumference of the blade 40 and the airfoil chord of the blade 40. Figure 3 The example shown is the case where the pitch angle β = 0°.

[0086] In an exemplary embodiment, the preset axis O1 passes through the centroidal axis of the blade 40, where the centroidal axis of the blade 40 is the line connecting the centroids of each cross-section of the blade 40 along its extension direction. This configuration minimizes the driving force required when the drive source 50 drives the adapter assembly 30 to rotate. This is because when the drive source 50 drives the adapter assembly 30 to rotate the blade 40 around the preset axis O1, it needs to overcome the centrifugal torque generated by the centrifugal force relative to the preset axis O1. If the preset axis O1 passes through the centroidal axis of the blade 40, the lever arm of the centrifugal force will be 0, and the centrifugal torque that the drive source 50 needs to overcome will be approximately 0. At this point, the required driving force will be minimized, reducing the size of the drive source 50 and saving costs. It is understood that in this application, the example given is that the centroidal axis of the blade 40 is parallel to the rotation center of the support 10, i.e., the axis of the main shaft 92. This application is not limited to this; the centroidal axis of the blade 40 may also have a small angle relative to the rotation center of the support 10.

[0087] Figure 4 This is an exploded structural schematic diagram of a vertical axis fan 100 from another angle, according to an exemplary embodiment. Figure 3 Similarly, for easier observation, a portion of the two ends 41 of the blade 40 is magnified, as shown in the illustration. Figure 4 The top left and bottom left sides of the image.

[0088] Please combine Figure 3 and Figure 4Referring to the embodiments of this application, in order to provide better support for both ends 41 of the blade 40, the adapter assembly 30 can be made to include two adapters 31. Exemplarily, each of the two ends 41 of the blade 40 along its extension direction is rotatably connected to the support base 10 via an adapter 31, and the drive end 51 of the drive source 50 is drively connected to one of the adapters 31. With this configuration, the drive source 50 only needs to drive the adapter 31 at one end 41 of the blade 40 to rotate, thereby driving the blade 40 to rotate. The adapter 31 at the other end of the blade 40 can provide support for the rotation of the blade 40, allowing the longer blade 40 to be stably supported. It is understood that the rotation axes of the two adapters 31 are both along a preset axis O1, that is, the rotation axes of the two adapters 31 coincide.

[0089] In some embodiments, the adapter 31 includes a first connecting portion 311 and a second connecting portion 312 connected to each other. The first connecting portion 311 is connected to the blade 40, and the second connecting portion 312 is rotatably supported on the support base 10 via a bearing member 60 about a predetermined axis O1. This configuration not only allows the blade 40 to be rotatably connected to the support base 10, but also allows the bearing member 60 to support the blade 40 along a predetermined direction. Specifically, for example, the bearing member 60 can be located on the side of the support base 10 opposite to the blade 40, and the second connecting portion 312 passes through the support base 10 and is supported on the inner ring 61 of the bearing member 60 (see below). Figure 5 )superior.

[0090] Additionally, as mentioned above, the support base 10 may include a main body 11 and support arms 12. If there are two support arms 12, they are respectively connected to opposite sides of the main body 11. For example, the support arms 12 may include a first sub-arm 121 and a second sub-arm 122. The first sub-arm 121 and the second sub-arm 122 may be spaced apart along a preset axis O1, so that both ends of the blade 40 can be supported between the first sub-arm 121 and the second sub-arm 122 via a connector 31.

[0091] In some embodiments, both ends 41 of the blade 40 along its extension direction each include an outermost end face 411 and a side face 412 connected to the end face 411. A first connecting portion 311 is connected to the side face 412 of the blade 40, and a second connecting portion 312 is spaced apart from the corresponding end face 411 along the extension direction of the blade 40. This configuration allows the first connecting portion 311 and the blade 40 to overlap in the extension direction of the blade 40, saving installation space along the extension direction of the blade 40 and providing a larger contact area between the first connecting portion 311 and the end 41 of the blade 40, thus improving the structural strength of the connection between the blade 40 and the first connecting portion 311. Furthermore, the extension direction of the blade 40 can extend along a predetermined axis O1, for example, so that the centroidal axis of the blade 40 can coincide with the predetermined axis O1.

[0092] In the exemplary embodiments, please continue to refer to Figure 4 The first connecting portion 311 may include a first substrate 3111 and a second substrate 3112 connected to each other. The first substrate 3111 is connected to the side surface 412 of the blade 40, and the second substrate 3112 is disposed opposite to the end face 411 along the extending direction of the blade 40. Thus, the first substrate 3111 and the second substrate 3112 can define a mounting space in which the end 41 of the blade 40 can be disposed. Furthermore, the first substrate 3111 and the second substrate 3112 can be disposed at an angle, for example, approximately perpendicularly.

[0093] Furthermore, the second connecting portion 312 includes a flange portion 3121 and a connecting post 3122. The flange portion 3121 is located on the side of the second substrate 3112 opposite to the blade 40 and is fixedly connected to the second substrate 3112. The connecting post 3122 is connected to the side of the flange portion 3121 opposite to the blade 40. In this way, the flange portion 3121 and the second substrate 3112 have a large contact area, thereby improving the structural strength of the connection between the first connecting portion 311 and the second connecting portion 312. The connection between the flange portion 3121 and the second substrate 3112 can be achieved, for example, by using fasteners.

[0094] In some embodiments, the drive source 50 is a rotary drive mechanism, such as a rotary motor.

[0095] The vertical axis fan 100 also includes a gear reduction mechanism. The flange portion 3121 of the adapter 31 corresponding to the drive source 50 is provided with external gear teeth 3123. The gear reduction mechanism meshes with the external gear teeth 3123 and is connected to the drive end 51 of the drive source 50. This allows the adapter 31 to have low speed and high torque, facilitating improved driving accuracy of the drive source 50. Furthermore, the gear reduction mechanism may include several meshing gears to achieve speed reduction. Figure 4In the example, the gear reduction mechanism includes a gear 3124 connected to the drive end 51 of the drive source 50. It is understood that the number of gears in the gear reduction mechanism can be set according to the actual transmission ratio and speed ratio requirements, and this application does not limit it.

[0096] Alternatively, in some other embodiments, the drive source 50 can also be configured as a linear drive mechanism (not shown), with the drive end 51 of the drive source 50 connected to the first substrate 3111 of the corresponding adapter 31. With this configuration, the angle and stroke of the blade 40 rotation can be precisely controlled using a linear push-pull drive method, resulting in high adjustment accuracy.

[0097] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the adapter 31 in a vertical axis fan 100 according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0098] Please combine Figure 4 and Figure 5 Referring to some embodiments, the connecting post 3122 includes an inner shaft 31221 and a sleeve portion 31222 sleeved outside the inner shaft 31221. The inner shaft 31221 is connected to the inner ring 61 of the bearing member 60, and the sleeve portion 31222 is supported on the axial end of the inner ring 61. Compared to arranging the entire connecting post 3122 on the radially inner side of the inner ring 61, the sleeve portion 31222 being supported on the axial end of the inner ring 61 allows the inner ring 61 to provide axial support for the sleeve portion 31222. That is, the bearing inner ring 61 supports part of the structure of the second connecting portion 312, resulting in better support of the second connecting portion 312 for the blade 40 along the extension direction of the blade 40. In addition, the inner shaft 31221 and the sleeve portion 31222 can be interference-fitted to prevent them from disengaging from each other. Furthermore, a partially enlarged protrusion 31223 may be provided at the end of the inner shaft 31221 facing the blade 40. The protrusion 31223 abuts against the axial end face of the sleeve portion 31222 to limit the relative axial movement of the inner shaft 31221 and the sleeve portion 31222. In some embodiments, an elastic washer 62 may also be installed at the end of the inner shaft 31221 facing away from the blade 40. The elastic washer 62 is mounted on the inner shaft 31221 and abuts against the end face of the inner ring 61 of the bearing member 60 facing away from the blade 40 to prevent the inner shaft 31221 from disengaging from the inner ring 61 of the bearing member 60.

[0099] For example, the second substrate 3112 is also provided with a clearance hole 31120 at the position corresponding to the inner shaft 31221. This is to facilitate the inner shaft 31221 being installed into the sleeve portion 31222 from the side near the blade 40.

[0100] Figure 6This is a schematic diagram illustrating the interconnection of the damper 80 and the adapter 31 in a vertical axis fan 100 according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0101] Please see Figure 6 In this embodiment, the vertical axis fan 100 may further include a damper 80, which is connected between the support base 10 and the adapter 31. The damper 80 is configured to apply a damping force to the rotation of the adapter 31 relative to the support base 10. By providing the damper 80, the drive source 50 can assist the adapter 31 in rotating, preventing it from rotating too quickly and ensuring a smooth and reliable blade pitch angle adjustment process. The two ends of the damper 80 can be hinged to the support base 10 and the adapter 31. In addition, the two ends of the damper 80 can be connected to the second sub-arm 122 of the support base 10 and the second base plate 3112 of the adapter 31, respectively. Furthermore, the damper 80 may also be disposed beside the second connecting portion 312.

[0102] In some embodiments, the vertical axis fan 100 may further include a controller (not shown), which is used to: acquire the ambient wind speed, and when the ambient wind speed is greater than the cut-out wind speed of the vertical axis fan 100, control the drive source 50 to drive the adapter assembly 30 to rotate around the preset axis O1 and lock it to a first preset position.

[0103] The rotational speed of the blade 40 relative to the tower 70 is obtained, and when the rotational speed decreases to a first preset range, the three phases of the generator 91 are short-circuited. The first preset range is 10%-30% of the rated rotational speed of the blade 40, preferably 20%. Here, the rated rotational speed of the blade 40 refers to the rated rotational speed of the blade 40 relative to the tower 70 when the vertical axis wind turbine 100 is operating normally.

[0104] With this configuration, when encountering extreme wind conditions such as strong winds and gusts, and the ambient wind speed is greater than the cut-out wind speed, the drive source 50 can drive the adapter component 30 to rotate the blade 40. When the adapter component 30 rotates to the first preset position, the blade pitch angle β of the blade 40 is kept at a certain angle within the range of 45 degrees to 90 degrees, so that the blade 40 generates braking resistance and reduces the speed of the blade 40. Furthermore, the controller is also used to short-circuit the three phases of the generator 91 when the rotational speed of the blade 40 relative to the tower 70 is reduced to a first preset range. That is to say, after the rotational speed of the blade 40 is reduced to a certain extent by using the resistance of the blade 40, i.e., the rotational speed is reduced to the first preset range, the three phases of the generator 91 are short-circuited, so that the braking of the blade 40 and the electromagnetic braking of the generator 91 operate simultaneously, which can decelerate the vertical axis fan 100 more quickly. In the above scheme, the braking of the blade 40 is used to assist the electromagnetic braking of the vertical axis fan 100, which avoids the risk of overspeed to a certain extent and improves the safety of the vertical axis fan 100.

[0105] In some embodiments, the vertical axis wind turbine 100 also includes a mechanical braking mechanism (not shown). The controller is further configured to activate the mechanical braking mechanism after short-circuiting the three phases of the generator 91 of the vertical axis wind turbine 100, when the rotational speed of the blades 40 relative to the tower 70 is less than 10% of the rated speed of the blades 40, thereby braking the main shaft 92 of the vertical axis wind turbine 100 and locking the main shaft 92. This configuration allows the mechanical braking mechanism to form a hierarchical, coordinated, and independent redundant system with the electromagnetic braking of the generator 91 and the air braking using the blades 40. Under normal speed limits and medium-to-high wind conditions, the aerodynamic pitch control of the blades 40 is prioritized for energy reduction and smooth deceleration, reducing electromechanical and structural impact. Under extreme conditions or single-channel failures, the electromagnetic braking of the generator 91 and the mechanical braking mechanism participate as parallel redundancy, achieving a safety closed loop of "aerodynamics as the primary mechanism, electromechanical as the secondary mechanism, and fault degradation," significantly improving availability and fault tolerance, and also reducing maintenance frequency and overall life-cycle costs.

[0106] Specifically, after short-circuiting the three phases of the generator 91 of the vertical axis fan 100, the controller can activate the mechanical brake mechanism when the speed of the blade 40 drops to 0, thereby enabling the main shaft 92 to be braked.

[0107] In some other embodiments, the controller is further configured to, before controlling the drive source 50 to drive the adapter assembly 30 to rotate around the preset axis O1 and lock it in a second preset position, before controlling the drive source 50 to drive the adapter assembly 30 to rotate around the preset axis O1 and lock it in a first preset position. When the adapter assembly 30 is in the second preset position, the pitch angle β of the blade 40 satisfies: 0°≤β<45°. This enables the blade 40 to perform normal wind absorption and power generation operations.

[0108] Figure 7 This is a schematic flowchart illustrating a braking method for a vertical axis fan according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0109] Please combine Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 7 For reference, embodiments of this application also provide a braking method for a vertical axis fan, which can be used to brake the aforementioned vertical axis fan 100.

[0110] As mentioned above, the vertical axis fan 100 includes a tower 70, a support base 10 rotatably connected to the tower 70, at least one set of blade mechanisms 20, and a generator 91. The blade mechanism 20 includes a drive source 50, blades 40 and a transfer assembly 30 connected to each other. The transfer assembly 30 is rotatably connected to the support base 10 about a preset axis O1.

[0111] Braking methods for vertical axis fans include:

[0112] S10. Obtain the ambient wind speed. When the ambient wind speed is greater than the cut-out wind speed of the vertical axis fan 100, control the drive source 50 to drive the adapter assembly 30 to rotate around the preset axis O1 and lock it to the first preset position. When the adapter assembly 30 is in the first preset position, the pitch angle β of the blade 40 satisfies: 45 degrees ≤ β ≤ 90 degrees, and the preset axis O1 passes through the blade 40 connected by the adapter assembly 30.

[0113] S20. Obtain the rotational speed of the blade 40 relative to the tower 70, and when the rotational speed decreases to a first preset range, short-circuit the three phases of the generator 91, wherein the first preset range is 10%-30% of the rated rotational speed of the blade 40, preferably 20%.

[0114] In this embodiment, when the ambient wind speed is greater than the cut-out wind speed of the vertical axis fan 100, the control drive source 50 drives the adapter component 30 to rotate around the preset axis O1 and lock it to the first preset position. When the adapter component 30 is in the first preset position, the blade pitch angle β of the blade 40 satisfies: 45 degrees ≤ β ≤ 90 degrees. With this setting, when encountering extreme wind conditions such as strong winds and gusts, and the ambient wind speed is greater than the cut-out wind speed, the drive source 50 can drive the adapter component 30 to rotate the blade 40. When the adapter component 30 rotates to the first preset position, the blade pitch angle β of the blade 40 is kept at a certain angle within the angle range of 45 degrees to 90 degrees, so that the blade 40 generates braking resistance and reduces the speed of the blade 40.

[0115] Furthermore, the rotational speed of the blade 40 relative to the tower 70 is obtained, and when the rotational speed is reduced to a first preset range, the three phases of the generator 91 are short-circuited. The first preset range is 10%-30% of the rated rotational speed of the blade 40. That is to say, after the rotational speed of the blade 40 is reduced to a certain extent by using the resistance of the blade 40, the three phases of the generator 91 are short-circuited, so that the braking of the blade 40 and the electromagnetic braking of the generator 91 operate simultaneously, which can decelerate the vertical axis fan 100 more quickly. In the above scheme, the braking of the blade 40 is used to assist the electromagnetic braking of the vertical axis fan 100, which avoids the risk of overspeed to a certain extent and improves the safety of the vertical axis fan 100.

[0116] In addition, since the preset axis O1 passes through the blade 40 connected by the adapter assembly 30, the driving force required when the drive source 50 drives the adapter assembly 30 to rotate will be smaller. This is because when the blade 40 drives the support base 10 to rotate relative to the tower 70, it will generate centrifugal force. When the drive source 50 drives the adapter assembly 30 to drive the blade 40 to rotate around the preset axis O1, it needs to overcome the centrifugal torque generated by the centrifugal force relative to the preset axis O1. If the preset axis O1 passes through the blade 40 connected by the adapter assembly 30, the lever arm of the centrifugal force will be smaller, and the centrifugal torque that the drive source 50 needs to overcome will be smaller, thus saving driving force.

[0117] In some embodiments, the vertical axis fan 100 may further include a mechanical braking mechanism, and in step S20, after short-circuiting the three phases of the generator 91, the following may also be included:

[0118] When the rotational speed of the blade 40 relative to the tower 70 is less than 10% of the rated speed of the blade 40, the mechanical brake mechanism is activated to brake the main shaft 92 of the vertical axis fan 100 to lock the main shaft 92. The main shaft 92 is connected to the input shaft of the generator 91 and is fixedly connected to the support base 10.

[0119] This configuration allows the mechanical braking mechanism to form a hierarchical, coordinated, and independent redundant system with the electromagnetic braking of generator 91 and the air braking using blades 40. Under normal speed limits and medium-to-high wind conditions, the aerodynamic pitch control of blades 40 is prioritized for energy reduction and smooth deceleration, minimizing electromechanical and structural impact. In extreme conditions or single-channel failures, the electromagnetic braking and mechanical braking mechanisms of generator 91 participate as parallel redundancies, achieving a safety closed loop of "aerodynamics as the primary mechanism, electromechanical as the secondary mechanism, and fault tolerance," significantly improving availability and fault tolerance, while also reducing maintenance frequency and overall life-cycle costs.

[0120] In some embodiments, before step S10, which controls the drive source 50 to drive the adapter assembly 30 to rotate around the preset axis O1 and lock it to the first preset position, the method further includes:

[0121] The control drive source 50 drives the adapter assembly 30 to rotate around the preset axis O1 and lock it in the second preset position. When the adapter assembly 30 is in the second preset position, the pitch angle β of the blade 40 satisfies: 0°≤β<45°. This enables the blade 40 to perform normal wind absorption and power generation operations.

[0122] The braking method for the vertical axis fan of this application is illustrated below with a specific example. The method includes:

[0123] Step 1: When the wind speed sensor detects that the ambient wind speed has reached the cut-out wind speed and the wind turbine needs to be braked, the drive source 50 is controlled to drive the adapter 31 to rotate around the preset axis O1, and drive the blade 40 to pitch. When the pitch angle of the blade 40 is 90°, the drive source 50 is controlled to stop, so as to open the brake state. This causes the rotational speed of the blade 40 to gradually decrease.

[0124] Step 2: When the rotational speed of blade 40 relative to tower 70 is reduced to 10%-30% of the rated speed of blade 40, short-circuit the three phases of generator 91 to activate the electromagnetic brake and reduce the rotational speed of blade 40 to 0.

[0125] Step 3: Activate the mechanical brake mechanism to brake, lock the main shaft 92, and complete the braking.

[0126] It is understood that the vertical axis fan 100 and the braking method of the vertical axis fan provided in this application embodiment have the following beneficial effects:

[0127] 1. The pneumatic braking mechanism is clearly defined, and the braking effectiveness is significantly improved.

[0128] Based on the theoretical model and CFD verification of the unsteady aerodynamic mechanism of the vertical axis fan 100, this application extracts key flow characteristics such as periodic angle of attack variation, induced stall and vortex dissipation, and achieves front-end power reduction by using a drag-increasing strategy of large-angle rapid pitch change, such as about 90°, as the core. This allows the available aerodynamic power to decrease rapidly under conditions such as strong wind, gusts and off-grid conditions. The braking response does not depend on electrical or mechanical lock-up conditions, and the braking force is continuously adjustable and predictable, thereby significantly improving the effectiveness and stability of speed limiting, deceleration and stopping.

[0129] 2. Set up a dedicated control path to improve adaptability and robustness.

[0130] This application addresses the unsteady characteristics of vertical axis wind turbines, which exhibit drastic fluctuations in angle of attack per cycle. It employs a dedicated control strategy of "large-angle pitch adjustment - drag increase - induced stall," which fundamentally avoids control mismatch and braking fluctuations. This strategy maintains stable energy reduction and speed control under different wind conditions and flow field disturbances, significantly improving robustness to unsteady inflows and reducing the probability of overspeed and runaway.

[0131] 3. Reduced power at the front end eliminates the risk of overload in the transmission chain and unloading unit.

[0132] By rapidly deflecting the blade 40 pitch angle to significantly increase drag, this application directly reduces the wind energy capture and input power of the blade 40, forming a feedforward load limit for mechanisms located downstream of the vertical axis wind turbine 100, such as the unloading box, gears, and coupling 94. This eliminates the root cause of overload at the energy inlet, avoids the closed loop of "the more you brake, the hotter it gets; the hotter it gets, the more it fails" generated by traditional electromagnetic braking or rigid mechanical braking, significantly reduces peak load and heat accumulation, extends the life of the transmission chain and bearings, and reduces maintenance frequency.

[0133] 4. Hierarchical collaborative redundancy enhances system security and availability.

[0134] This application constructs a hierarchical, coordinated, and independent redundant system with pneumatic pitch control as the primary mechanism and electromagnetic braking and mechanical braking as secondary mechanisms. Under normal conditions, smooth deceleration is achieved by pneumatic front-end reduction, while electromagnetic braking and mechanical braking provide backup in extreme situations or when a channel failure occurs, forming a safe closed loop that can degrade, reducing dependence on a single braking channel, and significantly improving the reliability, fault tolerance, and availability of the entire system.

[0135] 5. Impact load and structural fatigue are reduced, and the overall lifespan and stability of the machine are improved.

[0136] By utilizing controllable large-angle pitch control, gradual energy dissipation and speed reduction are achieved, avoiding the impact and stress concentration caused by directly applying rigid braking at high speeds. Furthermore, by reducing the short-circuit high current and mechanical locking torque requirements of the generator 91 through front-end power reduction, the impact load and fatigue accumulation of the transmission chain and tower 70 are reduced, thereby improving long-term structural stability and overall machine life.

[0137] 6. Improved control precision and adjustability, adaptable to various wind conditions and operating condition switching.

[0138] The vertical axis fan 100 of this application supports rapid and controllable large-angle deflection of the blades 40. Combined with the control algorithm of mechanism threshold and flow feature extraction, it can realize graded speed limiting, on-demand braking and smooth response. It can output matching braking force curves in multiple scenarios such as weak wind to strong wind, normal to gust, grid-connected to off-grid, improving control accuracy, response speed and working condition adaptability.

[0139] 7. The optimized combination of various braking methods brings about a comprehensive effect of 1+1>2.

[0140] By combining "blade aerodynamic pitch braking (drag reduction and power reduction)" with "electromagnetic braking (energy dissipation on the generator side)" and "mechanical braking (final standstill and holding)" in a hierarchical, coordinated, and independently redundant manner, the power reduction at the front end significantly reduces the current and torque required at the back end, alleviates thermal and mechanical shocks, and improves the reliability of the back end. The whole system forms a smooth, fault-tolerant, and highly safe braking link, whose overall safety and availability exceed the simple superposition of individual technical means.

[0141] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0142] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0143] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0144] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0145] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A vertical axis fan, characterized in that, include: A support base and a tower, wherein the support base is rotatably connected to the tower; as well as At least one set of blade mechanisms, the blade mechanism including blades, a connecting assembly and a drive source, the connecting assembly being fixedly connected to the blades, and the connecting assembly being rotatably connected to the support base about a preset axis, the preset axis passing through the blades connected by the connecting assembly; The drive source is installed on the support base and is configured to correspond one-to-one with the adapter components. The drive source is configured to drive the corresponding adapter component to rotate around the preset axis and lock in the first preset position. When the adapter component is in the first preset position, the blade pitch angle β satisfies: 45 degrees ≤ β ≤ 90 degrees.

2. The vertical axis fan according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preset axis passes through the centroidal axis of the blade, wherein the centroidal axis of the blade is the line connecting the centroids of each cross-section of the blade along its extension direction.

3. The vertical axis fan according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adapter assembly includes two adapter components; The two ends of the blade along the extension direction are each rotatably connected to the support base via an adapter, and the driving end of the drive source is connected to one of the adapters.

4. The vertical axis fan according to claim 3, characterized in that, The adapter includes a first connecting part and a second connecting part that are connected to each other. The first connecting part is connected to the blade, and the second connecting part is rotatably supported on the support base by a bearing member about the preset axis.

5. The vertical axis fan according to claim 4, characterized in that, Both ends of the blade along its extension direction include an outermost end face located in the extension direction of the blade and a side face continuing from the end face. The first connecting portion is connected to the side surface of the blade, and the second connecting portion and the corresponding end face are arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the blade.

6. The vertical axis fan according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first connecting portion includes a first substrate and a second substrate connected to each other. The first substrate is connected to the side surface of the blade, and the second substrate is disposed opposite to the end face along the extension direction of the blade. The second connecting portion includes a flange portion and a connecting post. The flange portion is located on the side of the second substrate opposite to the blade and is fixedly connected to the second substrate. The connecting post is connected to the side of the flange portion opposite to the blade.

7. The vertical axis fan according to claim 6, characterized in that, The drive source is a rotary drive mechanism, and the vertical axis fan also includes a gear reduction mechanism; the flange portion of the adapter corresponding to the drive source is provided with external gear teeth, the gear reduction mechanism meshes with the external gear teeth, and is connected to the drive end of the drive source; or, The drive source is configured as a linear drive mechanism, and the drive end of the drive source is connected to the first substrate of the corresponding adapter.

8. The vertical axis fan according to claim 6, characterized in that, The connecting column includes an inner shaft and a sleeve portion sleeved outside the inner shaft. The inner shaft is connected to the inner ring of the bearing component, and the sleeve portion bears the axial end of the inner ring. The second substrate has a clearance hole at the position corresponding to the inner shaft.

9. The vertical axis fan according to any one of claims 3-8, characterized in that, The vertical axis fan also includes a damper connected between the support and the adapter, the damper being configured to apply a damping force to the rotation of the adapter relative to the support.

10. The vertical axis fan according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The vertical axis wind turbine also includes a generator and a main shaft. The input shaft of the generator is connected to the main shaft for transmission. The main shaft is fixedly connected to the support base and is rotatably connected to the tower about the axis of the main shaft.

11. The vertical axis fan according to claim 10, characterized in that, The vertical axis fan also includes a controller, which is used to: acquire the ambient wind speed, and when the ambient wind speed is greater than the cut-out wind speed of the vertical axis fan, control the drive source to drive the adapter to rotate around the preset axis and lock it to the first preset position; The rotational speed of the blade relative to the tower is obtained, and when the rotational speed decreases to a first preset range, the three phases of the generator are short-circuited, wherein the first preset range is 10%-30% of the rated rotational speed of the blade.

12. The vertical axis fan according to claim 11, characterized in that, The vertical axis fan also includes a mechanical braking mechanism; The controller is also used to activate the mechanical brake mechanism to brake the main shaft of the vertical axis wind turbine after the three phases of the generator of the vertical axis wind turbine are short-circuited and the rotational speed of the blades relative to the tower is reduced to less than 10% of the rated speed of the blades, so as to lock the main shaft. and / or The controller is further configured to, before controlling the drive source to drive the adapter to rotate around the preset axis and lock it to the first preset position, control the drive source to drive the adapter to rotate around the preset axis and lock it to the second preset position. When the adapter is in the second preset position, the blade pitch angle β satisfies: 0°≤β<45°.

13. A braking method for a vertical axis fan, characterized in that, The vertical axis wind turbine includes a tower, a support base rotatably connected to the tower, at least one set of blade mechanisms, and a generator. The blade mechanism includes a drive source, blades and a transfer assembly connected to each other, and the transfer assembly is rotatably connected to the support base about a preset axis. The braking method for the vertical axis fan includes: The ambient wind speed is obtained. When the ambient wind speed is greater than the cut-out wind speed of the vertical axis fan, the drive source is controlled to drive the adapter assembly to rotate around a preset axis and lock it to a first preset position. When the adapter assembly is in the first preset position, the blade pitch angle β satisfies: 45 degrees ≤ β ≤ 90 degrees, and the preset axis passes through the blade connected by the adapter assembly. The rotational speed of the blade relative to the tower is obtained, and when the rotational speed decreases to a first preset range, the three phases of the generator are short-circuited, wherein the first preset range is 10%-30% of the rated rotational speed of the blade.

14. The braking method for a vertical axis fan according to claim 13, characterized in that, The vertical axis fan also includes a mechanical braking mechanism; after short-circuiting the three phases of the generator, it also includes: When the rotational speed of the blade relative to the tower drops to less than 10% of the rated rotational speed of the blade, the mechanical brake mechanism is activated to brake the main shaft of the vertical axis fan and lock the main shaft. The main shaft is drivenly connected to the input shaft of the generator and fixedly connected to the support base. and / or Before controlling the drive source to drive the adapter assembly to rotate around the preset axis and lock it to the first preset position, the method further includes: The drive source is controlled to drive the adapter to rotate around the preset axis and lock it in the second preset position. When the adapter is in the second preset position, the blade pitch angle β satisfies: 0°≤β<45°.

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