Leak-proof spherical pump

Abstract

The patent provides a kind of anti-leakage spherical pump, and the stator of spherical pump is formed by the sealing butt joint of cylinder cover (1) and cylinder body (2) and forms spherical inner cavity;Spherical rotor is arranged in spherical inner cavity, and spherical rotor includes piston (3) and rotating disc (4), the lower end of cylinder body (2) is provided with shaft hole (201), and rotating disc shaft (401) passes through shaft hole (201) and is connected with power mechanism;Rotating disc shaft (401) and shaft hole (201) are assembled with sealing ring (7), and the stator on the front end of sealing ring (7) is provided with pressure relief channel (204) communicated to the liquid inlet groove arranged on the inner spherical surface of stator;The advantage is that the liquid at the front end of sealing ring (7) is returned to the liquid inlet of spherical pump through pressure relief channel (204), which greatly reduces the static pressure of sealing ring (7) for a long time, avoids high pressure to crack sealing lip, weakens the impact load of pressure pulse peak value in pump to sealing ring (7), and prolongs the service life of sealing ring (7).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This patent relates to a variable displacement rotor liquid pump, and more particularly to a leak-proof spherical pump. Background Technology

[0002] The spherical compressor and spherical pump are inventions based on a completely new principle. The principle involves setting up a rotor formed by a set of pistons and a turntable within the spherical inner cavity of the stator. The pistons and turntable are connected by cylindrical hinges. The rotor has a spherical surface adapted to the spherical inner cavity. The turntable shaft at the lower end of the turntable extends from the shaft hole at the lower end of the stator and connects to a motor or other power mechanism. The rotation of the motor drives the rotor to rotate, thus forming a set of alternating volume chambers within the spherical inner cavity. To prevent liquid leakage from the stator, a sealing ring is installed between the turntable shaft and the stator shaft hole.

[0003] However, due to the sliding clearance between the outer spherical surface of the rotor and the spherical inner cavity of the stator, high-pressure fluid will leak through the spherical gap to the front end area of ​​the sealing ring when the pump is working. After the leaked fluid continues to accumulate, it forms a closed high-pressure liquid cavity. The pressure inside the closed cavity continues to rise. When it exceeds the pressure bearing limit of the sealing ring, it will cause the sealing ring lip to crack and permanently fail, resulting in fluid leakage, contaminating the equipment and burning out the drive motor. At the same time, the fluid pressure will generate periodic pulse peaks during the operation of the spherical pump. The high-pressure pulses directly impact the end face of the sealing ring. Repeated alternating loads will accelerate the aging and damage of the seals, significantly shorten the replacement cycle of the seals, reduce the overall operational reliability of the spherical pump, and increase the equipment maintenance cost.

[0004] Currently, the industry only passively improves the sealing pressure resistance by replacing high-strength skeleton oil seals and thickening Y-type sealing rings. This cannot eliminate the root cause of high-pressure liquid accumulation and pulse impact at the front end of the sealing ring, and cannot completely solve the problem of easy seal failure and leakage. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems of existing spherical pumps, this invention provides a leak-proof spherical pump. The pump aims to guide the liquid accumulated at the front end of the sealing ring back to the inlet by setting a pressure relief channel on the stator, preventing the formation of a high-pressure closed cavity at the front end of the sealing ring, and mitigating the impact of pressure pulses on the sealing ring. This extends the life of the sealing ring, prevents liquid leakage, and improves the operational reliability of the spherical pump.

[0006] The technical solution of this patent is as follows:

[0007] A leak-proof spherical pump includes a stator and a spherical rotor. The stator is formed by a cylinder head and a cylinder body sealingly joined together to form a spherical inner cavity. The spherical rotor is disposed within the spherical inner cavity and includes a piston and a turntable. The piston and the turntable are hinged by a cylindrical hinge, and the outer spherical surface of the rotor slides and seals against the inner wall of the spherical inner cavity. The lower end of the cylinder body is provided with a shaft hole, and the bottom of the turntable is provided with a turntable shaft. The turntable shaft passes through the shaft hole and connects to a power mechanism. A sealing ring is assembled between the turntable shaft and the shaft hole. A pressure relief channel is provided on the stator at the front end of the sealing ring, which connects to an inlet groove provided on the inner spherical surface of the stator. The inlet opening of the pressure relief channel is located on the inner wall of the stator opposite to the front end of the sealing ring, and the outlet opening of the pressure relief channel is located on the side wall of the inlet groove or the side wall of the inlet of the spherical pump.

[0008] Furthermore, the liquid inlet groove is formed by splicing an upper liquid inlet groove set on the inner spherical surface of the cylinder head and a lower liquid inlet groove set on the inner spherical surface of the cylinder body, and the liquid inlet groove is connected to the pump body inlet; the pressure relief channel is opened on the cylinder body, the inlet opening of the pressure relief channel is opened on the inner wall of the cylinder body and faces the front end of the sealing ring, and the outlet opening of the pressure relief channel is connected to the side wall of the lower liquid inlet groove on the cylinder body.

[0009] Furthermore, a piston through hole is formed inside the piston along the central axis of the piston. One end of the piston through hole is connected to the top of the slipper at the top of the piston, and the other end is connected to the gap of the cylindrical hinge between the piston and the turntable.

[0010] Furthermore, a sliding shoe seat hole is provided on the inner wall of the cylinder head, and a rotatable sliding shoe seat is installed in the sliding shoe seat hole. A sliding groove is opened at the lower end of the sliding shoe seat, and the sliding shoe protruding from the top of the piston is slidably installed in the sliding groove. A sliding shoe seat through hole is opened at the top of the sliding shoe seat, one end of which is connected to the bottom of the sliding groove, and the other end is connected to the gap between the top of the sliding shoe seat and the sliding shoe seat hole.

[0011] Furthermore, the axis of the slipper seat hole and the axis of the turntable shaft both pass through the center of the spherical inner cavity and form an included angle; the slipper seat is placed in the slipper seat hole and can rotate around the axis of the slipper seat hole, the central axis of the slipper passes through the center of the piston spherical surface, and the slipper slides back and forth in the groove when the rotor rotates.

[0012] Furthermore, the cylinder block and cylinder head are made of metal; the piston and rotary disc are both provided with a metal substrate, and the surface of the metal substrate that comes into frictional contact with the spherical inner cavity is covered with an engineering plastic layer.

[0013] Furthermore, the liquid inlet tank is equipped with an expanded liquid storage tank, the flow cross section of which is larger than the flow cross section of the liquid inlet tank foundation.

[0014] Furthermore, the sealing ring is any one of a Y-type sealing ring, an O-type sealing ring, or a skeleton oil seal; the pressure relief channel cross-section is any one of a circle, a square, or an ellipse.

[0015] Furthermore, the cylindrical hinge is an integral engaging structure, with a piston pin seat having a semi-cylindrical concave or semi-cylindrical convex surface at the bottom of the piston, and a corresponding semi-cylindrical convex or concave semi-cylindrical turntable pin seat protruding at the top of the turntable, the semi-cylindrical convex surface and the semi-cylindrical concave surface engaging with each other to form the cylindrical hinge.

[0016] Furthermore, the rotor also includes a center pin, and the piston pin seat and the turntable pin seat are respectively provided with coaxial center holes. The center pin passes through the two sets of center holes to realize the piston and the turntable hinge to form the cylindrical hinge.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows.

[0018] 1) The pressure relief channel actively returns high-pressure leakage fluid, eliminating the closed high-pressure chamber at the front end of the sealing ring: Liquid leaking from the spherical gap between the turntable and the cylinder body to the front end of the sealing ring accumulates to a certain extent and forms a liquid pool. As the rotor continues to rotate, the liquid in the liquid pool accumulates more and more, forming a closed chamber, and the pressure gradually increases. When the pressure exceeds the pressure bearing capacity of the sealing ring, it will cause the sealing ring to fail or be damaged, resulting in pump leakage. Because a pressure relief channel with an inlet is set at the front end of the sealing ring, the liquid in the liquid pool at the front end of the sealing ring flows back to the inlet of the spherical pump through the pressure relief channel, thereby greatly reducing the static pressure that the sealing ring bears for a long time and avoiding high pressure cracking of the sealing lip.

[0019] 2) Buffering fluid pressure pulses and reducing alternating impact damage: When the instantaneous high-pressure pulse generated by the operation of the spherical pump is transmitted to the front end of the sealing ring through the spherical gap, the frequent high-pressure pulse peaks cause impact damage to the sealing ring. Since the pressure relief channel is always connected to the low-pressure inlet of the spherical pump, the pulse high pressure will be instantly relieved to the low-pressure side of the inlet through the pressure relief channel, weakening the impact load of the pulse peak on the sealing ring, delaying the fatigue aging of the seal, and extending the service life of the sealing ring by many times.

[0020] 3) The pressure relief and return fluid continuously forms a circulating lubrication circuit, reducing friction and noise: The pressure relief channel forms a fluid flow circuit between the lower end of the cylinder and the liquid inlet. The leaked liquid collects at the front end of the sealing ring through the spherical gap between the rotor and the cylinder, and then flows back to the liquid inlet through the pressure relief channel. The continuous flow of liquid lubricates and cools the rotor's rotation. Since a through hole is opened along the piston's central axis, penetrating the center of the ball and the top of the slipper, the liquid at the top of the slipper enters the piston and the cylindrical hinge of the turntable through the through hole, lubricating and cooling the cylindrical hinge. On the other hand, the through hole reduces the weight of the piston, reducing the vibration and noise caused by the inertial force during the piston's swing.

[0021] 4) Composite wear-resistant structure and liquid storage tank further optimize performance: Engineering plastic coating on the surface of metal matrix results in low friction coefficient and long wear life of friction pair; liquid inlet tank buffers the water hammer effect of fluid, stabilizes the inlet flow rate, and improves the overall pump delivery efficiency by 5%~10%. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 : Three-dimensional structural diagram of the spherical pump of the first embodiment.

[0023] Figure 2 Cross-sectional structural diagram of the spherical pump in the first embodiment.

[0024] Figure 3 : 3D structural diagram of cylinder head.

[0025] Figure 4 : Cross-sectional structural diagram of cylinder head.

[0026] Figure 5 : 3D structural diagram of the cylinder block.

[0027] Figure 6 : Cross-sectional structural diagram of the cylinder block.

[0028] Figure 7 : 3D structural diagram of the sliding shoe seat.

[0029] Figure 8 : Three-dimensional structure diagram of the piston in the first embodiment.

[0030] Figure 9 : Cross-sectional view of the piston in the first embodiment.

[0031] Figure 10 : Three-dimensional structure diagram of the turntable in the first embodiment.

[0032] Figure 11 : Cross-sectional view of the turntable in the first embodiment.

[0033] Figure 12 : Three-dimensional structure diagram of the piston in the second embodiment.

[0034] Figure 13 : Cross-sectional view of the piston in the second embodiment.

[0035] Figure 14 : Three-dimensional structure diagram of the turntable in the second embodiment.

[0036] Figure 15 : Cross-sectional view of the turntable in the second embodiment.

[0037] In the diagram: 1. Cylinder head; 101. Slipper seat hole; 102. Upper inlet groove; 103. Upper outlet groove; 104. Inlet; 105. Outlet; 2. Cylinder body; 201. Shaft hole; 202. Lower inlet groove; 203. Lower outlet groove; 204. Pressure relief channel; 3. Piston; 301. Slipper; 302. Piston pin seat; 303. Piston through hole; 304. Piston base; 305. Piston engineering plastic layer; 4. Turntable; 401. Turntable shaft; 402. Turntable pin seat; 403. Turntable base; 404. Turntable engineering plastic layer; 5. Center pin; 6. Slipper seat; 601. Slide groove; 602. Slipper seat through hole; 7. Sealing ring; 8. Retaining ring; 9. Bearing; 10. Hole elastic retaining ring. Detailed Implementation

[0038] Example 1:

[0039] like Figure 1 , 2 The diagram shown is a structural diagram of the spherical pump in the first embodiment. The leak-proof spherical pump includes a stator, which includes a cylinder head 1 and a cylinder body 2. The cylinder head 1 and the cylinder body 2 are fixedly connected by bolts to form a spherical inner cavity. A spherical rotor is provided inside the spherical inner cavity. The spherical rotor includes a piston 3 and a turntable 4. The piston 3 has a spherical top surface, and the turntable 4 has a spherical bottom surface. The piston 3 and the turntable 4 are connected by a cylindrical hinge to form a spherical rotor. The spherical outer circumference of the spherical rotor is adapted to the spherical inner cavity to form a sealed sliding fit. The piston 3 has an integrally formed slipper 301 on its top. A slipper seat 6 is installed in the slipper seat hole 101 on the inner spherical surface of the cylinder head 1. The slipper 301 is slidably disposed inside the sliding groove 601 at the lower end of the slipper seat 6. When the rotor rotates, the slipper 301 slides back and forth along the sliding groove 601 to form a swing pair.

[0040] The cylinder body 2 has a shaft hole 201 at the lower end. The bottom of the turntable 4 is integrally formed with a turntable shaft 401 that passes through the shaft hole 201. On the outer circumference of the turntable shaft 401, Y-type sealing ring 7, retaining ring 8, bearing 9, and elastic retaining ring 10 for the hole are arranged sequentially from the inside to the outside. The lip of the sealing ring 7 faces the spherical inner cavity. By aligning the lip of the Y-type sealing ring 7, i.e. the front end of the sealing ring, with the spherical inner cavity, a good sealing effect can be maintained if the sealing ring 7 does not experience severe wear.

[0041] The cylinder body 2 has an integrally machined pressure relief channel 204. The upper liquid inlet groove 102 of the cylinder head 1 and the lower liquid inlet groove 202 of the cylinder body 2 are joined together to form a complete liquid inlet groove, which is connected to the external liquid inlet 104. A pressure relief channel 204 connected to the liquid inlet groove is provided on the cylinder body 2 at the front end of the sealing ring 7. One end opening (inlet) of the pressure relief channel 204 is located on the inner wall of the cylinder body 2 opposite to the front end of the sealing ring 7, and the other end (outlet) of the pressure relief channel 204 is located on the side wall of the lower liquid inlet groove 202 of the cylinder body 2. In addition, the outlet of the pressure relief channel 204 is not limited to being located on the side wall of the lower liquid inlet groove 202, but can also be located on the side wall of the upper liquid inlet groove 102 or other positions connected to the liquid inlet 104.

[0042] As an extension, the sealing ring 7 can also be an O-ring or a skeleton oil seal; the cross-section of the pressure relief channel 204 can be any one of a circle, a square or an ellipse.

[0043] like Figure 10 , Figure 11 The diagram shown is a structural diagram of the turntable 4 in the first embodiment. The turntable 4 has a spherical bottom surface, which is adapted to the spherical inner cavity and forms a sealed dynamic fit. A turntable pin seat 402 protrudes upward from the center of the top surface of the turntable 4. The turntable pin seat 402 is a semi-cylindrical convex structure, and the two end faces of the turntable pin seat 402 are spherical surfaces adapted to the spherical inner cavity. A turntable shaft 401 protrudes from the center of the spherical bottom surface of the turntable 4. The axis of the turntable shaft 401 is perpendicular to the axis of the semi-cylindrical convex surface of the turntable pin seat 402 and both pass through the center of the spherical inner cavity.

[0044] like Figure 8 , Figure 9 The diagram shown is a structural diagram of piston 3 in the first embodiment. Piston 3 has a spherical top surface, two side surfaces at a certain angle, and piston pin seats 302 recessed in the lower part of the two side surfaces. The piston pin seat 302 is a semi-cylindrical concave structure, and the central axis of the semi-cylindrical concave surface passes through the center of the spherical inner cavity. The spherical top surface of piston 3 is adapted to the spherical inner cavity and forms a sealing dynamic fit. Piston pin seat 302 and turntable pin seat 402 are adapted to each other. The semi-cylindrical convex surface of turntable pin seat 402 is inserted into the semi-cylindrical concave surface of piston pin seat 302 to form a cylindrical hinge. The cylindrical hinge structure is a C-type cylindrical hinge, i.e., a locking structure. A protruding slipper 301 is provided in the center of the spherical top surface of piston 3. The two parallel side surfaces of slipper 301 are symmetrically arranged in the center of the spherical top surface, passing through both sides of the spherical central axis and parallel to the central axis of the cylindrical hinge. The piston 3 has a piston through hole 303 inside along the piston central axis. One end of the piston through hole 303 is connected to the top of the slipper 301 at the top of the piston 3, and the other end is connected to the cylindrical hinge gap between the piston 3 and the turntable 4.

[0045] As another form of engagement between piston pin seat 302 and turntable pin seat 402, piston pin seat 302 is a semi-cylindrical convex structure protruding from the lower part of piston 3, and the corresponding turntable pin seat 402 is a semi-cylindrical concave structure recessed in the center of the top surface of turntable 4. The semi-cylindrical convex surface of piston pin seat 302 is inserted into the semi-cylindrical concave surface of turntable pin seat 402 to engage and form a cylindrical hinge.

[0046] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 The diagram shows the structure of the cylinder head 1 in the first embodiment. A hemispherical inner cavity is provided at the lower part of the cylinder head 1. An inlet 104 and an outlet 105 are provided on the cylinder head 1. To increase the pump flow rate and facilitate design, the inlet and outlet channels are respectively located on the inner spherical surfaces of the cylinder head 1 and the cylinder body 2. An upper inlet channel 102 and an upper outlet channel 103 are provided along the end face of the hemispherical inner cavity of the cylinder head 1. The inlet 104 communicates with the upper inlet channel 102, and the outlet 105 communicates with the upper outlet channel 103. A slipper seat hole 101 is also provided at the upper part of the inner spherical surface of the cylinder head 1. The axis of the slipper seat hole 101 passes through the center of the spherical inner cavity. A cylindrical slipper seat 6 is placed in the slipper seat hole 101. The outer cylindrical surface of the slipper seat 6 is adapted to the inner cylindrical surface of the slipper seat hole 101 to form a rotational fit. A sliding groove 601 is provided on the lower end face of the slipper seat 6. Figure 7 As shown, a through hole 602 is provided at the center of the top of the slipper seat 6, which connects the top of the slipper seat 6 with the bottom of the slide groove 601, so that the liquid in the slipper seat hole 101 and the liquid in the slide groove 6 can flow together to lubricate and cool the slipper 6.

[0047] like Figure 5 , Figure 6 The diagram shows the structure of cylinder 2 in the first embodiment. A hemispherical inner cavity is formed on the upper part of cylinder 2. After cylinder head 1 and cylinder 2 are fixedly connected, the hemispherical inner cavity and the hemispherical inner cavity cooperate to form a spherical inner cavity. The lower surface of cylinder head 1 is fitted to the upper surface of cylinder 2. An annular cavity is formed on the lower surface of cylinder head 1, and an O-ring seal is placed inside the annular cavity. A lower inlet groove 202 and a lower outlet groove 203 are provided along the end face of the spherical surface inside cylinder 2. After cylinder 2 is connected to cylinder head 1, the upper inlet groove 102 and the lower inlet groove 202 are joined to form an inlet groove, and the lower outlet groove 203 and the upper outlet groove 103 are joined to form an outlet groove. A shaft hole 201 is provided at the lower end of cylinder 2, connecting the spherical inner cavity to the outside of the cylinder. The axis of the shaft hole 201 passes through the center of the spherical inner cavity and forms an angle with the axis of the slipper seat hole 101, which is typically 5 to 35 degrees.

[0048] The spherical rotor is placed in the spherical inner cavity of the stator, the slide shoe seat 6 is placed in the slide shoe seat hole 101 on the cylinder head 1, the slide shoe 301 of the piston 3 is placed in the slide groove 601 of the slide shoe seat 6, and the two parallel sides of the slide shoe 301 are in contact with the two sides of the slide groove 601 to form a sliding fit; the turntable shaft 401 extends out from the shaft hole 201 at the lower end of the cylinder body 2 and is connected to the motor output shaft or other power mechanism. The part where the turntable shaft 401 and the shaft hole 201 are fitted together is provided with a sealing ring 7 and a bearing 9 arranged sequentially from top to bottom. At the front and rear ends of the bearing 9, a retaining ring 8 and a retaining ring 10 for the hole are respectively provided to prevent the bearing from moving.

[0049] The turntable shaft 401 serves as a drive shaft, with its lower end connected to a power mechanism such as the output shaft of a motor to transmit power; its upper end protrudes directly from the spherical bottom surface of the turntable, or alternatively, it can be fixedly connected to the center of the spherical bottom surface of the turntable by snap-fit ​​or other means.

[0050] In operation, the motor drives the turntable shaft 401 to rotate, thereby causing the turntable 4, piston 3, and slide shoe seat 6 to rotate synchronously. The turntable 4 drives the piston pin seat 302 to rotate via the turntable pin seat 402, which in turn drives the piston 3 to rotate. The slide shoe 301, which protrudes from the center of the spherical top surface of the piston 3, slides back and forth within the groove 601 on the slide shoe seat 6, forming a groove swing mechanism. The piston 3 swings relative to the turntable 4. The slide shoe 301 drives the slide shoe seat 6 to rotate within the slide shoe seat hole 101 on the cylinder head 1, thereby forming two working chambers with alternating volumes between the upper end face of the turntable 4, the two sides of the piston 3, and the spherical surface inside the spherical cavity. The fluid is drawn into the working chamber through the inlet 104 and the inlet tank, pressurized, and then discharged through the outlet 105. The high-pressure fluid leaking from the gap between the rotor spherical surface and the inner spherical cavity flows downward and converges at the front end of the sealing ring 7. It then flows back to the low-pressure inlet tank through the pressure relief channel 204, continuously eliminating the high pressure and pulse impact at the front end of the sealing ring 7. The returning fluid also lubricates the rotor spherical friction pair. The fluid continuously lubricates the hinge position of the piston 3 and the turntable 4 through the piston through hole 303, cooling and lubricating the cylindrical hinge. At the same time, the piston through hole 303 reduces the weight of the piston 3, thereby reducing the vibration and noise of the piston 3's movement.

[0051] In addition, to ensure the precision and consistency of rotor manufacturing and reduce processing costs, the cylinder block 2, cylinder head 1, piston 3, and rotary disc 4 can be produced using engineering plastics through injection molding. For applications requiring a certain pressure, such as high-pressure water pumps or oil pumps, the cylinder block 2 and cylinder head 1 are made of metal materials, such as stainless steel, while the base of the piston 3, rotary disc 4, and slipper seat 6 is made of metal materials, such as stainless steel. Figure 8 , Figure 9As shown, piston 3 includes a piston base 304 made of metal and a piston engineering plastic layer 305. Wear-resistant engineering plastic is coated on the friction surface of piston 3 that mates with the spherical inner cavity, forming piston engineering plastic layer 305; as shown... Figure 10 , Figure 11 As shown, the turntable 4 includes a turntable substrate 403 made of metal and a turntable engineering plastic layer 404. Wear-resistant engineering plastic is coated on the friction surface of the turntable 4 that mates with the spherical inner cavity, forming the turntable engineering plastic layer 404; as shown... Figure 7 As shown, the friction surface where the slide shoe 6 mates with the slide shoe 301 is covered with a wear-resistant engineering plastic layer, while the two parallel surfaces of the slide shoe 301 are metal. This creates a good friction pair, reduces the coefficient of friction, lowers power consumption, and extends service life. The base materials of the piston 3, turntable 4, and slide shoe 6 are not limited to metal; they can also be ceramic, engineering plastic, or other materials depending on the specific application. The engineering plastic covering can also be replaced with other wear-resistant materials.

[0052] At a constant rotation speed, in order to increase the pump flow rate, a liquid storage tank with a flow cross section larger than the basic flow area is formed in the liquid inlet tank. The liquid storage tank can reduce the impact of the reciprocating swing of piston 3 on the water flow when the liquid in the liquid inlet tank enters the working chamber, i.e., the water hammer phenomenon. Experiments show that adding a liquid storage tank can increase the flow rate by 5-10%.

[0053] Example 2:

[0054] Example 2 is based on Example 1. The difference between Example 2 and Example 1 lies in the connection method between piston 3 and turntable 4, the structure of piston pin seat 302 and turntable pin seat 402, and the cylindrical hinge formed therein. Everything else is the same. In Example 2, the cylindrical hinge formed by piston 3 and turntable 4 also includes a center pin 5.

[0055] like Figure 14 , Figure 15 The above is a structural diagram of the turntable 4 in the second embodiment. The turntable 4 has a spherical bottom surface, which is adapted to the spherical inner cavity and forms a sealed dynamic fit. A turntable pin seat 402 protrudes upward from the center of the top surface of the turntable 4. The turntable pin seat 402 is composed of semi-cylinders protruding upward from both sides of the top surface of the turntable and a semi-cylinder concave surface that is recessed inward from the middle of the top surface. A central hole is provided at the center of the semi-cylinders at both ends of the turntable pin seat 402. The axes of the two semi-cylinders and their central holes coincide with the axis of the semi-cylinder concave surface. The outer end faces of the semi-cylinders at both ends of the turntable pin seat 402 are spherical surfaces adapted to the spherical inner cavity. A turntable shaft 401 protrudes from the center of the spherical bottom surface of the turntable 4. The axis of the turntable shaft 401 is perpendicular to the axis of the central hole of the semi-cylinder of the turntable pin seat 402 and both pass through the center of the spherical inner cavity.

[0056] like Figure 12 , Figure 13The diagram shown is a structural diagram of piston 3 in the second embodiment. Piston 3 has a spherical top surface, two side surfaces at a certain angle, and piston pin seats 302 at the lower part of the two side surfaces. Piston pin seats 302 are composed of a semi-cylinder protruding downward from the middle of the lower end of piston 3 and a semi-cylinder concave surface with both ends recessed inward. A central hole is provided at the center of the semi-cylinder. The axis of the semi-cylinder concave surface, the axis of the semi-cylinder, and the axis of the central hole of the semi-cylinder coincide and all pass through the center of the spherical inner cavity. The spherical top surface of piston 3 is adapted to the spherical inner cavity and forms a sealing dynamic fit. A protruding slipper 301 is provided at the center of the spherical top surface of piston 3. The two parallel side surfaces of slipper 301 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the central axis of the spherical top surface and are parallel to the axis of the semi-cylinder of piston pin seat 302.

[0057] The piston pin seat 302 is adapted to the turntable pin seat 402, that is, the semi-cylinder in the middle of the piston pin seat 302 is adapted to the concave surface of the semi-cylinder in the middle of the turntable pin seat 402, and the concave surfaces of the semi-cylinder at both ends of the piston pin seat 302 are adapted to the semi-cylinder at both ends of the turntable pin seat 402; the center pin 5 is sequentially inserted into the semi-cylinder center hole at one end of the turntable pin seat 402, the semi-cylinder center hole in the middle of the piston pin seat 302, and the semi-cylinder center hole at the other end of the turntable pin seat 402 to form the cylindrical hinge.

[0058] As another approach, in Embodiment 2, the piston pin seat 302 can also be composed of a semi-cylinder protruding downward on both sides of the lower end of the piston 3 and a semi-cylinder concave surface that is recessed in the middle. Correspondingly, the turntable pin seat 402 is composed of a semi-cylinder protruding upward in the middle of the top surface of the turntable 4 and a semi-cylinder concave surface that is recessed in the middle at both ends. The central pin 5 is sequentially inserted into the semi-cylinder central hole at one end of the piston pin seat 302, the semi-cylinder central hole in the middle of the turntable pin seat 402, and the semi-cylinder central hole at the other end of the piston pin seat 302 to form the cylindrical hinge.

[0059] In this patent, by setting a pressure relief channel 204, the high-pressure liquid in the closed cavity formed at the front end of the sealing ring 7 is introduced into the low-pressure inlet channel of the spherical pump, reducing the pressure and pulse peak impact on the sealing ring 7, increasing the life of the sealing ring 7, preventing liquid leakage, and improving the reliability of the spherical pump. The spherical pump differs from existing plunger pumps, gear pumps, and other traditional pump types; its internal structure and basic principle are different from traditional pumps. This patent is a targeted innovative design for the special pump body structure of the spherical pump, solving existing technical problems and achieving excellent technical results. Simultaneously, a piston through hole 303 is set on the piston 3, connecting the slipper seat 6 and the cylindrical hinge, forming a liquid channel for lubricating and cooling the cylindrical hinge. The reciprocating oscillation of the slipper 301 on the piston 3 along the sliding groove 601 is the main source of vibration and noise in the spherical pump. Reducing the weight of the piston 3 helps reduce its oscillation inertia, lowering noise and vibration during pump operation. The liquid storage tank in the inlet groove helps increase the flow rate of the spherical pump and reduce the water hammer effect.

Claims

1. A leak-proof spherical pump, comprising a stator and a spherical rotor, wherein the stator is formed by a cylinder head (1) and a cylinder body (2) sealingly joined together to form a spherical inner cavity; the spherical rotor is disposed within the spherical inner cavity, the spherical rotor comprising a piston (3) and a turntable (4), the piston (3) and the turntable (4) being hinged by a cylindrical hinge, the outer spherical surface of the rotor slidingly sealingly engaging with the inner wall of the spherical inner cavity; the lower end of the cylinder body (2) is provided with a shaft hole (201), the bottom of the turntable (4) is provided with a turntable shaft (401), the turntable shaft (401) passing through the shaft hole (201) and connecting to a power mechanism; a sealing ring (7) is assembled between the turntable shaft (401) and the shaft hole (201), characterized in that: A pressure relief channel (204) is provided on the stator at the front end of the sealing ring (7) and connected to the liquid inlet groove provided on the inner spherical surface of the stator. The inlet opening of the pressure relief channel (204) is provided on the inner wall of the stator opposite to the front end of the sealing ring (7), and the outlet opening of the pressure relief channel (204) is provided on the side wall of the liquid inlet groove or the side wall of the liquid inlet (104) of the ball pump.

2. The leak-proof spherical pump as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The liquid inlet groove is formed by splicing an upper liquid inlet groove (102) set on the inner spherical surface of the cylinder cover (1) and a lower liquid inlet groove (202) set on the inner spherical surface of the cylinder body. The liquid inlet groove is connected to the pump body inlet (104). The pressure relief channel (204) is opened on the cylinder body (2). The inlet opening of the pressure relief channel (204) is opened on the inner wall of the cylinder body (2) and faces the front end of the sealing ring (7). The outlet opening of the pressure relief channel (204) is connected to the side wall of the lower liquid inlet groove (202) on the cylinder body (2).

3. The leak-proof spherical pump as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The piston (3) has a piston through hole (303) inside along the piston central axis. One end of the piston through hole (303) is connected to the top of the slipper (301) at the top of the piston (3), and the other end is connected to the cylindrical hinge gap between the piston (3) and the turntable (4).

4. A leak-proof spherical pump as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A sliding shoe seat hole (101) is provided on the inner wall of the cylinder head (1). A rotatable sliding shoe seat (6) is installed in the sliding shoe seat hole (101). A sliding groove (601) is opened at the lower end of the sliding shoe seat (6). The sliding shoe (301) protruding from the top of the piston (3) is slidably installed in the sliding groove (601). A sliding shoe seat through hole (602) is opened at the top of the sliding shoe seat (6). One end of the sliding shoe seat through hole (602) is connected to the bottom of the sliding groove (601), and the other end is connected to the gap between the top of the sliding shoe seat (6) and the sliding shoe seat hole (101).

5. A leak-proof spherical pump as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The axis of the slipper seat hole (101) and the axis of the turntable shaft (401) both pass through the center of the spherical inner cavity and form an included angle; the slipper seat (6) is placed in the slipper seat hole (101) and can rotate around the axis of the slipper seat hole (101); the central axis of the slipper (301) passes through the center of the piston spherical surface; when the rotor rotates, the slipper (301) slides back and forth in the slide groove (601).

6. A leak-proof spherical pump as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The cylinder body (2) and cylinder head (1) are made of metal; the piston (3) and turntable (4) are both provided with metal substrates, and the surface of the metal substrates in frictional contact with the spherical inner cavity is covered with an engineering plastic layer.

7. A leak-proof spherical pump as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The liquid inlet tank is equipped with an expanded liquid storage tank, and the flow cross section of the liquid storage tank is larger than the flow cross section of the liquid inlet tank foundation.

8. A leak-proof spherical pump as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The sealing ring (7) is any one of a Y-type sealing ring, an O-type sealing ring, or a skeleton oil seal; the pressure relief channel (204) has a cross-section of any one of a circle, a square, or an ellipse.

9. A leak-proof spherical pump according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The cylindrical hinge is an integral locking structure. A piston pin seat (302) with a semi-cylindrical concave or semi-cylindrical convex surface is opened at the bottom of the piston (3). Correspondingly, a semi-cylindrical convex or concave semi-cylindrical concave turntable pin seat (402) is protruding at the top of the turntable (4). The semi-cylindrical convex surface and the semi-cylindrical concave surface engage with each other to form the cylindrical hinge.

10. A leak-proof spherical pump as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The rotor also includes a center pin (5), a piston pin seat (302), and a turntable pin seat (402), which are respectively provided with coaxial center holes. The center pin (5) passes through the two sets of center holes to realize the hinge between the piston (3) and the turntable (4) to form the cylindrical hinge.

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