Integrated full water lubrication wet type electric drive jet pump for unmanned ship

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of pump and spray devices, and discloses an integrated full-water-lubrication wet-type electric drive spray pump for an unmanned ship, which comprises an unmanned ship body; a through flow channel cavity is formed at the tail of the unmanned ship body, and a spray pump is assembled in the flow channel cavity; the spray pump comprises a water inlet flow guide cover, a pump shell base body and a contraction spray pipe which are sealed and docked in sequence along the water flow direction; and a plurality of groups of winding holders are uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction on the outer peripheral wall surface of the pump shell base body. In the application, the electronic winding is arranged on the pump shell base body to form a motor stator, and the magnetic steel is arranged on the annular rotor to form a motor rotor, and the motor stator and the motor rotor are matched to form a permanent magnet coupling driving pair, and the fan blades are integrated on the inner portion of the annular rotor, so that the deep structure integration of the motor and the pump is realized, the annular rotor is directly driven to rotate at a high speed by relying on the permanent magnet coupling electromagnetic force, intermediate mechanical transmission parts such as a transmission shaft and a shaft coupling are not needed in the whole process, and the shell wall transmission shaft and the matched rotary dynamic sealing assembly which must be arranged in the traditional scheme are completely cancelled.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of pump spraying device technology, specifically, it relates to an integrated, fully water-lubricated, wet electric-driven spray pump for unmanned surface vessels. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, mass-produced electric waterjet propulsion systems in the industry are mainly divided into two types: split type and semi-integrated type. Both adopt a series layout of "external drive motor + intermediate transmission shaft system + independent hydraulic pump body". The drive motor and impeller are connected by a mechanical transmission chain through a transmission shaft, coupling and key multi-stage transmission components. The transmission shaft needs to penetrate the pump housing to realize the power transmission across the cavity, which means that a rotary dynamic seal assembly must be set at the wall penetration position of the housing to block the external seawater from the internal motor cavity.

[0003] Based on this, under seawater conditions, firstly, the drive shaft of the unmanned surface vessel (USV) is often operating at a high speed of several thousand revolutions per minute. The continuous sliding friction between the dynamic seal lip and the journal generates heat, accelerating the aging, hardening, and elasticity decay of the sealing rubber, resulting in a rapid loss of sealing preload. Secondly, chloride ions in nearshore and inland waters easily induce pitting corrosion on the journal metal, forming microscopic uneven surfaces. Suspended sediment particles embed into the sealing friction pair, continuously scraping the mating surfaces and forming leakage channels, ultimately leading to damage. Thirdly, traditional shaft systems have extremely high requirements for the coaxiality of the motor, drive shaft, and pump impeller. Assembly deviations between multi-stage transmission components, hull deformation during navigation, and radial runout caused by shaft resonance will exacerbate uneven wear of the seals, significantly shortening their service life.

[0004] If the dynamic seal fails, seawater will infiltrate the external motor cavity along the shaft clearance, causing stator winding insulation failure, leading to short circuits or even coil burnout and catastrophic failures, paralyzing the propulsion system. Existing improvement solutions are mostly limited to passive measures such as using corrosion-resistant sealing materials, adding multi-stage seals, or external leakage monitoring sensors. These solutions cannot overcome the inherent defects of the "drive shaft through the wall + rotating dynamic seal" structure and cannot fundamentally avoid the risk of seawater intrusion, thus having certain shortcomings. Summary of the Invention

[0005] One of the objectives of this invention is to provide an integrated, fully water-lubricated, wet-type electric-driven spray pump for unmanned surface vessels (USVs), which solves the technical problems in the prior art where the inherent defect of the drive shaft of the electric-driven water jet propulsion system passing through the wall necessitates the retention of multiple transmission components in the electric-driven pump spray device for USVs, resulting in low transmission efficiency, numerous malfunctions, and mechanical losses and vibrations.

[0006] The second objective of this invention is to provide an integrated, fully water-lubricated, wet-type electric-driven jet pump for unmanned surface vessels (USVs), which solves the technical problem in the prior art where the inherent defects of the rotating dynamic seal in the electric-driven water jet propulsion system cause the drive shaft of the electric-driven pump jet device for USVs to have to pass through the pump casing, and the rotating dynamic seal on it is prone to wear and leakage under high speed and seawater corrosion.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: An integrated, fully water-lubricated, wet electric-driven spray pump for unmanned surface vessels (USVs) includes a USV body; a through-type flow channel cavity is formed at the stern of the USV body, and the spray pump is assembled inside the flow channel cavity. The spray pump includes an inlet guide cover, a pump housing base, and a converging spray pipe that are sequentially sealed and connected along the water flow direction. Multiple sets of winding frames are evenly arrayed along the circumferential direction on the outer peripheral wall of the pump casing base. Insulated enameled wire is wound around the outside of the winding frames. The enameled wire is arranged together to form the motor stator winding. The pump casing base is coaxially assembled with an annular rotating cylinder on the radial inner side of the stator winding; multiple magnets are embedded in the outer wall of the annular rotating cylinder along the circumferential direction, and the magnets and the outer stator winding form a permanent magnet coupling drive pair; multiple fan blades are integrally fixed in the inner cavity of the annular rotating cylinder.

[0008] Furthermore, the inlet of the flow channel cavity is located at the bottom of the hull and the outlet is located at the stern of the hull, so that natural water flows smoothly into the flow channel cavity from the bottom of the hull and is directed out to the stern.

[0009] Furthermore, the three-section structure, consisting of the water inlet guide shroud, the pump housing base, and the contraction nozzle, is sequentially sealed and assembled along the water flow direction.

[0010] Furthermore, the water inlet guide shroud has an integrally formed first flange at the water outlet end; the constricting nozzle has an integrally formed third flange at the water inlet end; and the pump casing base has an integrally formed second flange at both the water inlet and water outlet ends.

[0011] Furthermore, the second flange at the water inlet end is pressed and sealed to the first flange of the water inlet guide shroud by fasteners, and the second flange at the water outlet end is pressed and sealed to the third flange of the contraction nozzle.

[0012] Furthermore, the water inlet guide shroud is fixedly equipped with a grid at the water inlet end; the constriction nozzle as a whole presents a constricted structure with a smooth constriction from the water inlet end to the water outlet end.

[0013] Furthermore, the pump casing base is covered with two sets of semi-enclosed arc-shaped protective shells, which radially enclose the stator winding area.

[0014] Furthermore, sealing grooves are formed on the planes where the two sets of protective shells meet and fit together, and rubber sealing rings are embedded inside the sealing grooves.

[0015] Furthermore, the pump housing base has an integrally formed outwardly extending annular connecting parts at both axial ends, and a set of water-lubricated bearings are coaxially assembled at corresponding positions inside the pump housing base and on both sides of the extended connecting parts.

[0016] Furthermore, the stator area corresponding to the winding frame of the pump casing base is integrally formed with a corrosion-resistant, high-resistivity non-magnetic shielding sleeve, and the shielding sleeve material is Hastelloy C-276 thin plate.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. This invention places the electronic winding on the pump casing base to form the motor stator, and the magnet on the annular rotating drum to form the motor rotor. The two work together to form a permanent magnet coupling drive pair. The fan blades are then integrated into the annular rotor, achieving a deep structural integration of the motor and the pump. By relying on the electromagnetic force of permanent magnet coupling, the annular rotating drum is directly driven to rotate synchronously at high speed. No intermediate mechanical transmission parts such as drive shafts and couplings are required throughout the process. This completely eliminates the need for the housing through-wall drive shaft and matching rotating dynamic seal assembly required in traditional solutions. It avoids a series of defects such as high-speed friction aging of dynamic seals, mud and sand scraping and leakage, journal pitting and leakage, and coaxial misalignment and wear leakage from the root. It also prevents catastrophic failures such as seawater intruding into the drive motor along the shaft gap, causing short circuit and burnout of the windings and paralysis of the propulsion system.

[0018] 2. The two ends of the annular rotating drum of the present invention are supported and positioned by water-lubricated bearings. The bearings rely on the flowing water to form a complete water lubrication film, which has excellent self-lubrication and resistance to mud and sand erosion. It eliminates the need for an independent lubrication system, simplifies the overall structure, reduces the weight of the equipment, and increases the effective payload of the unmanned surface vessel.

[0019] 3. The integrated stator and rotor arrangement of this invention shortens the electromagnetic transmission link, eliminates transmission losses of the transmission shaft, improves the overall transmission efficiency, and at the same time reduces vibration and noise caused by multi-segment shaft resonance, extending the fault-free continuous operation time of the unmanned surface vessel. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the unmanned surface vessel body and the jet pump in this invention; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the unmanned surface vessel body and the jet pump in this invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the spray pump in this invention; Figure 4 This is an exploded view of the spray pump in this invention; Figure 5 This is a top view of the pump casing base in this invention.

[0021] In the diagram: 1. Unmanned surface vessel body; 2. Flow channel cavity; 3. Spray pump; 4. Water inlet guide shield; 41. First flange; 42. Grille; 5. Pump casing base; 51. Second flange; 52. Winding frame; 53. Water-lubricated bearing; 54. Protective shell; 55. Sealing groove; 6. Contracting nozzle; 61. Third flange; 7. Annular rotating drum; 71. Magnet; 72. Connecting part; 73. Fan blade. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] Please see Figures 1-2 As shown, an integrated, fully water-lubricated, wet-type electric-driven jet pump for an unmanned surface vessel (USV) is integrally installed at the stern of the USV body 1. The stern of the USV body 1 is formed with a through-type flow channel cavity 2. The inlet of the flow channel cavity 2 is located at the bottom of the hull, and the outlet is located at the stern end of the hull. Natural water can flow smoothly from the bottom of the hull into the flow channel cavity 2 and be directed out to the stern. An integrated jet pump 3 assembly is integrally installed inside the flow channel cavity 2. After the jet pump 3 is powered on, it drives the water in the flow channel cavity 2 to be jetted backward at high speed, providing stable propulsion power for the USV body 1.

[0024] Please refer to it again. Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, this spray pump 3 abandons the existing split-type, semi-integrated waterjet propulsion system's series transmission architecture of "external motor + drive shaft + independent spray pump 3". It eliminates the drive shaft that penetrates the casing and the matching rotating dynamic seal structure, thus eliminating the core defects of traditional solutions such as dynamic seal leakage and seawater intrusion into the motor from the bottom layer of the structure. Specifically, the spray pump 3 is composed of three sections: an inlet guide shroud 4, a pump casing base 5, and a contracting nozzle 6, which are sequentially sealed and assembled along the water flow direction. The three modular sections facilitate individual maintenance and replacement. The inlet guide shroud 4 is used to intercept large-sized branches, plastics, reefs, and other floating debris in the water in advance, preventing hard debris from entering the pump body and scraping the rotor blades 73, bearings, and other precision moving parts. The pump casing base 5 is an integrated carrier for the motor stator, hydraulic rotor, and water-lubricated bearing 53, simultaneously bearing electromagnetic drive and hydraulic pressurization functions. The contracting nozzle 6 accelerates the water flow at the rear end through a gradually contracting cross-section configuration, amplifying the jet thrust by relying on the fluid Bernoulli effect, thereby improving the speed and propulsion efficiency of the unmanned surface vessel 1.

[0025] Please refer to it again. Figure 4As shown, the inlet guide shroud 4 has a fixedly assembled grid 42 structure at the inlet end. The grid 42 mesh can physically intercept large floating debris in the water without significantly hindering the inlet flow, reducing the probability of impeller jamming and wear failure inside the pump body. The outlet end of the inlet guide shroud 4 has an integrally formed first flange 41 structure. The flange end face is machined with a sealing assembly surface to achieve a sealed docking assembly with the front end of the pump casing base 5.

[0026] Please refer to it again. Figure 4 As shown, the inlet end of the contraction nozzle 6 is integrally formed with a third flange 61 structure. The flange end face is provided with a matching sealing structure for sealing connection with the rear end of the pump casing base 5. The contraction nozzle 6 adopts a constricted nozzle configuration with a gradually narrowing cross section from the inlet end to the outlet end. When the water flows through the contraction nozzle 6, the flow cross section continuously decreases, which increases the water jet speed at the outlet end and obtains greater propulsion under the same motor power input conditions, thus optimizing the overall energy utilization efficiency of the machine.

[0027] Please refer to it again. Figure 4 As shown, the pump casing base 5 has an integrally formed second flange 51 at the inlet and outlet ends. The second flange 51 at the inlet end is pressed and sealed with the first flange 41 of the inlet guide shroud 4 by fasteners. The second flange 51 at the outlet end is pressed and sealed with the third flange 61 of the contraction nozzle 6, realizing the three-section structure is assembled in series without leakage, simplifying the assembly process and reducing the vibration loss caused by the coaxiality assembly deviation of the multi-section split structure.

[0028] Please refer to it again. Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, multiple sets of winding frames 52 are evenly arrayed along the circumferential direction on the outer peripheral wall of the pump casing base 5. Insulated enameled wire is evenly wound around the outside of the winding frames 52, and the enameled wire is arranged together to form the stator winding of the motor. Two sets of semi-enclosed arc-shaped protective shells 54 are wrapped around the outside of the pump casing base 5. The two sets of protective shells 54 enclose the stator winding area radially. A sealing groove 55 is opened on the plane where the two sets of protective shells 54 are mated and attached. A high seawater aging resistant rubber sealing ring is embedded in the sealing groove 55. The sealing ring is used to achieve sealing and isolation between the protective shell 54 and the pump casing base 5, preventing external seawater and mud from directly contacting the stator winding and avoiding the risk of short circuit due to moisture corrosion of the winding insulation layer. The stator area of ​​the pump casing base 5 corresponding to the winding frame 52 is integrally formed with a corrosion-resistant, high resistivity non-magnetic shielding sleeve. The shielding sleeve is made of Hastelloy C-276 thin plate, which can withstand chloride ion corrosion in near-shore and inland rivers, while blocking electromagnetic leakage between the stator and rotor, improving the electromagnetic conversion efficiency of the motor. As an isolation barrier between the stator and the water, the shielding sleeve can isolate the water and the winding without the need for an additional shaft seal.

[0029] Please refer to it again. Figure 4As shown, an annular rotating cylinder 7 is coaxially assembled inside the pump casing base 5 and on the radial inner side of the stator winding. Multiple magnets 71 are evenly embedded in the outer wall of the annular rotating cylinder 7 along the circumferential direction. The magnets 71 and the outer stator winding form a permanent magnet coupling drive pair. The two work together to form a rotor assembly of a permanent magnet motor without a drive shaft. The outer wall of the annular rotating cylinder 7 is treated with anti-corrosion shielding to resist the electrochemical corrosion of seawater. Multiple large-angle guide and pressure boosting fan blades 73 are integrally fixed in the inner cavity of the annular rotating cylinder 7. The fan blades 73 rotate synchronously with the annular rotating cylinder 7, directly driving the water flowing through the pump casing to flow backward with increased pressure. The pump casing base 5 has an integrally formed annular connecting parts 72 extending outward at both ends. Inside the pump casing base 5 and at corresponding positions of the extended connecting parts 72 on both sides, a set of water-lubricated bearings 53 are coaxially assembled. The two sets of water-lubricated bearings 53 together complete the radial limiting support and axial thrust bearing of the annular rotating cylinder 7. The bearings are selected from seawater erosion resistant ceramic sliding bearings or polymer self-lubricating bearings. During operation, they rely on the natural water flowing through the pump body to form a continuous water film lubrication. No additional lubrication is required, as it is supplied by grease, making it suitable for fully wet underwater working environments.

[0030] Working principle: When this device is working, the external power supply system supplies alternating current to the stator winding on the outside of the pump casing 5. The stator winding generates a rotating alternating magnetic field. The magnetic field penetrates the non-magnetic shielding sleeve and acts on the magnet 71 embedded in the outer wall of the annular drum 7. Relying on the permanent magnet coupling electromagnetic force, the annular drum 7 is directly driven to rotate synchronously at high speed. There is no need for intermediate mechanical transmission parts such as drive shafts and couplings throughout the process. It completely eliminates the need for the casing through-wall drive shaft and matching rotating dynamic seal assembly that are required in traditional solutions. It avoids a series of defects such as high-speed friction aging of dynamic seals, mud and sand scraping and leakage, journal pitting and leakage, and coaxial misalignment and wear leakage from the root. It also prevents seawater from entering the drive motor through the shaft gap, causing short circuit and burnout of the windings and paralysis of the propulsion system.

[0031] When the annular drum 7 rotates, the hydraulic fan blades 73 fixed to its inner cavity synchronously and at high speed agitate the water in the flow channel cavity 2. After being filtered by the grid 42 of the water inlet guide shroud 4, the water smoothly enters the pump casing base 5. After being pressurized and accelerated by the fan blades 73, it flows backward into the converging nozzle 6. The water flow is further accelerated through the converging section of the converging nozzle 6, and finally sprays backward at high speed to form a reaction force, continuously propelling the unmanned surface vessel 1 forward.

[0032] The two ends of the annular rotating drum 7 are supported and positioned by water-lubricated bearings 53. The bearings rely on the flowing water to form a complete water lubrication film, which has excellent self-lubrication and resistance to mud and sand erosion. This eliminates the need for an independent lubrication circuit system, simplifies the overall structure, reduces the weight of the equipment, and increases the effective payload of the unmanned surface vessel. The integrated stator and rotor layout shortens the electromagnetic transmission link, eliminates transmission losses of the transmission shaft, improves the overall transmission efficiency, and reduces vibration and noise caused by resonance of multiple shaft systems, thus extending the unmanned surface vessel's fault-free continuous operation time.

[0033] The stator winding outer enclosure 54, combined with the end face rubber sealing groove 55, achieves full-enclosed protection. The Hastelloy shielding sleeve is resistant to seawater chloride ion corrosion. The multiple protection structures prevent seawater and suspended sediment from eroding the motor windings. Unlike the passive protection scheme of traditional external motors that rely on a single dynamic seal barrier, this system adopts an active shaftless integrated architecture to achieve long-term waterproof and corrosion protection. It eliminates the need for frequent maintenance and replacement of seals, significantly reducing operation and maintenance costs.

[0034] The inlet guide shroud 4's grille 42 filters water debris in advance, preventing hard particles from entering the water-lubricated bearing 53 and the moving parts of the fan blade 73, reducing bearing and impeller wear, and further extending the overall service life of the spray pump 3; the three-section flange modular docking structure reduces the difficulty of assembly coaxiality control, avoids vibration and seal wear problems caused by assembly deviations of traditional long shaft systems, and is suitable for the lightweight, compact, and high reliability requirements of small and medium-sized unmanned surface vessels.

[0035] It should be noted that, in this document, terms such as “comprising,” “including,” or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0036] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention.

Claims

1. An integrated, fully water-lubricated, wet-type electric-driven injection pump for an unmanned surface vessel (USV), comprising a USV body (1); a through-type flow channel cavity (2) formed at the stern of the USV body (1), wherein an injection pump (3) is assembled inside the flow channel cavity (2); characterized in that: The spray pump (3) includes a water inlet guide shroud (4), a pump casing base (5), and a converging nozzle (6) that are sequentially sealed and connected along the water flow direction. Multiple sets of winding frames (52) are evenly arranged in a circumferential array on the outer peripheral wall of the pump casing base (5). Insulated enameled wire is wound around the outside of the winding frames (52). The enameled wire is arranged together to form the motor stator winding. The pump casing base (5) is coaxially assembled with an annular rotating cylinder (7) on the radial inner side of the stator winding; multiple magnets (71) are embedded in the outer wall of the annular rotating cylinder (7) along the circumferential direction, and the magnets (71) and the outer stator winding form a permanent magnet coupling drive pair; multiple fan blades (73) are integrally fixed in the inner cavity of the annular rotating cylinder (7).

2. The integrated, fully water-lubricated, wet-type electric-driven injection pump for unmanned surface vessels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inlet of the flow channel cavity (2) is located at the bottom of the hull and the outlet is located at the stern of the hull. Natural water flows smoothly from the bottom of the hull into the flow channel cavity (2) and is directed out to the stern.

3. The integrated, fully water-lubricated, wet-type electric-driven injection pump for unmanned surface vessels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The three-section structure, consisting of the water inlet guide shroud (4), the pump casing base (5), and the contraction nozzle (6), is assembled in sequence with sealed connections along the water flow direction.

4. The integrated, fully water-lubricated, wet-type electric-driven injection pump for unmanned surface vessels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inlet guide shroud (4) has an integrally formed first flange (41) at the outlet end; the constriction nozzle (6) has an integrally formed third flange (61) at the inlet end; and the pump casing base (5) has an integrally formed second flange (51) at both the inlet and outlet ends.

5. The integrated, fully water-lubricated, wet-type electric-driven injection pump for unmanned surface vessels according to claim 4, characterized in that: The second flange (51) at the water inlet end is pressed and sealed with the first flange (41) of the water inlet guide shroud (4) by fasteners, and the second flange (51) at the water outlet end is pressed and sealed with the third flange (61) of the contraction nozzle (6).

6. The integrated, fully water-lubricated, wet-type electric-driven injection pump for unmanned surface vessels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water inlet guide shroud (4) is fixedly equipped with a grid (42) at the water inlet end; the constriction nozzle (6) presents a constricted structure with a smooth constriction from the water inlet end to the water outlet end.

7. The integrated, fully water-lubricated, wet-type electric-driven injection pump for unmanned surface vessels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pump casing base (5) is covered with two sets of semi-enclosed arc-shaped protective shells (54) on the outside, and the two sets of protective shells (54) enclose the stator winding area radially.

8. The integrated, fully water-lubricated, wet-type electric-driven injection pump for unmanned surface vessels according to claim 7, characterized in that: The two sets of protective shells (54) have sealing grooves (55) on their mating surfaces, and rubber sealing rings are embedded inside the sealing grooves (55).

9. The integrated, fully water-lubricated, wet-type electric-driven injection pump for unmanned surface vessels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pump housing base (5) has an integrally formed annular connecting parts (72) extending outward at both ends along the axial direction. A set of water-lubricated bearings (53) are coaxially assembled at corresponding positions inside the pump housing base (5) and the two sides of the extended connecting parts (72).

10. The integrated, fully water-lubricated, wet-type electric-driven injection pump for unmanned surface vessels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stator area of ​​the pump housing base (5) corresponding to the winding frame (52) is integrally formed by a corrosion-resistant, high resistivity non-magnetic shielding sleeve, and the shielding sleeve material is Hastelloy C-276 thin plate.

Images