Air curtain control method, device and tramcar

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of air curtain control method, device and tram, it is related to vehicle door control equipment technical field, to solve the existing tram because of the opening of air curtain is seriously lagged behind the opening of vehicle door, and lack of the sensing and response ability to external airflow, leading to air penetration is serious when vehicle door opens and air curtain is easily destroyed Technical problems.The air curtain control method provided by the application determines the opening time of the air curtain generating module based on the pre-opening signal in the vehicle door state parameter, starts the air curtain generating module before the vehicle door is completely opened, to reduce air penetration and energy waste;Determine the air curtain output parameter based on the air pressure parameter of the inner and outer regions of the vehicle door, can resist the interference of external airflow by adjusting the air curtain output parameter, enhance the sensing and response ability to external airflow impact.Visible, the air curtain control method provided by the application can solve the problem of air curtain generating module response lag, and effectively maintain the continuity and stability of air curtain.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of vehicle door control equipment technology, and in particular to an air curtain control method, device, and tram. Background Technology

[0002] Trams play a vital role in urban public transportation, but their unique operating environment presents multiple technical challenges. To reduce air exchange and air conditioning energy consumption caused by frequent door opening and closing, air curtain generating modules are typically installed in the door area to create an air curtain that blocks airflow. However, existing air curtain technologies are mostly designed for fixed locations. Sensors are often mechanically triggered only when the door is fully open. After the sensor is mechanically triggered, the processor controls the fan in the air curtain generating module to produce airflow, which extends downwards from the air outlet to form a complete air curtain. This control method results in the air curtain opening lagging significantly behind the door opening, exacerbating air infiltration and energy waste during door opening. Furthermore, in some scenarios, such as open platforms, the piston-like wind generated by trams entering and exiting the station can strongly impact the air curtain. Existing air curtain technologies lack the ability to sense and respond to external airflow, making them highly susceptible to disruption of the air curtain's continuity by external airflow in tram applications, leading to poor air isolation. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide an air curtain control method, device, and tram to solve the technical problems of existing trams where the opening of the air curtain is severely delayed compared to the opening of the doors, and the lack of perception and response capabilities to external airflow leads to severe air infiltration and easy damage to the air curtain when the doors are opened.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides an air curtain control method, comprising: Determine the vehicle door status parameters, the air pressure parameters of the inner and outer areas of the door, and the door status parameters include the pre-opening signal that indicates the door is about to open; The opening time of the curtain air generation module is determined based on the door status parameters; The air curtain output parameters of the air curtain generation module are determined based on the air pressure parameters of the inner and outer regions of the door. The air curtain generation module is controlled based on the opening time and air curtain output parameters.

[0005] Optionally, determine the vehicle door status parameters, including: When the door performs the opening action and the door leaf slides to the pre-opening contact position, the pre-opening signal output by the two-stage contact limit switch is obtained; Among them, the double-stage contact limit switch is located at the door and includes a pre-opening contact and an already opened contact arranged sequentially along the door opening direction; The activation time of the curtain air generation module is determined based on the door status parameters, including: The moment when the pre-opening signal is received is determined as the start-up moment of the air curtain generation module.

[0006] Optionally, the air curtain output parameters of the air curtain generating module are determined based on the air pressure parameters of the inner and outer regions of the door, including: Determine the pressure difference between the air pressure parameters of the outer region and the air pressure parameters of the inner region; Calculate the rate of change of air pressure based on the obtained air pressure parameters of the outer region; Based on the pressure difference value and the rate of change of air pressure, the speed compensation of the fan in the air curtain generation module and the deflection angle of the flow guiding component are determined. The target speed of the fan is determined based on the fan's preset base speed and speed compensation amount; The target rotational speed and deflection angle are determined as the output parameters of the air curtain.

[0007] Optional, also includes: The system acquires the vehicle's external ambient temperature, relative humidity, and air outlet temperature from the curtain air generation module. Determine the ambient dew point temperature based on the ambient temperature and relative humidity outside the vehicle. If the difference between the outlet air temperature and the ambient dew point temperature is less than the preset first temperature threshold, the operating power of the heating unit in the air curtain generating module is adjusted so that the difference between the outlet air temperature and the ambient dew point temperature is greater than or equal to the preset second temperature threshold.

[0008] Optional, also includes: Obtain the vehicle's interior temperature and exterior temperature; Calculate the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the vehicle based on the ambient temperature inside and outside the vehicle; If the ambient temperature difference is greater than the preset third temperature threshold, the operating power of the heating unit in the air curtain generation module is adjusted to regulate the outlet air temperature until the ambient temperature difference is less than or equal to the preset fourth temperature threshold.

[0009] Optional, also includes: Determine the pedestrian density in the vehicle door area, including whether there are no people, single people, and multiple people. The speed setting of the fan in the air curtain generation module and / or the operating status of the purification and sterilization module are determined based on the population density.

[0010] Optionally, determine the pedestrian density in the door area, including: Acquire the infrared sensor's collected signals within the current processing cycle; wherein, the infrared sensor is used to emit a high-level signal toward the door area. When there is no one in the door area, the collected signal is a high level, and when a passenger passes through the door area, the collected signal is a pulse signal; If the collected signal remains at a high level, the population density is determined to be unoccupied. If the collected signal is a single pulse signal and the pulse duration of the single pulse signal is within the first preset duration range, the population density is determined to be a single person. If the collected signal is a single pulse signal and the pulse duration is longer than the second preset duration, or if the number of pulses determined based on the collected signal is greater than or equal to a preset number threshold, the crowd density is determined to be multiple people; wherein the second preset duration is greater than the upper limit of the first preset duration interval.

[0011] Optional, also includes: Obtain the vehicle's battery SOC; The operating power of the air curtain generation module and the purification and sterilization module is determined based on SOC; If the SOC is lower than the preset lower threshold, the heating unit and the purification and sterilization module in the air curtain generation module will stop operating, and the fan in the air curtain generation module will continue to operate.

[0012] To address the aforementioned technical problems, the present invention also provides an air curtain control device, comprising: Memory, used to store computer programs; A processor is used to execute computer programs to implement the steps of the air curtain control method described above.

[0013] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention also provides a tram, including a door, an air curtain generating module, and an air curtain control device as described above; wherein the air curtain generating module of the air curtain control device is disposed in the top area of ​​the door.

[0014] This invention provides an air curtain control method. By determining door state parameters, including a pre-opening signal indicating the start of door opening, and air pressure parameters of the inner and outer regions of the door, the method can specifically control the opening time of the air curtain generating module and the air curtain output parameters. Specifically, this method determines the opening time of the air curtain generating module based on the pre-opening signal in the door state parameters, enabling the air curtain generating module to open in advance before the door is fully opened, effectively reducing air infiltration and energy waste during door opening. Simultaneously, this method determines the air curtain output parameters based on the air pressure parameters of the inner and outer regions of the door, and can resist interference from external airflow by adjusting the air curtain output parameters, increasing the perception and dynamic response capability to external airflow impacts. Therefore, the air curtain control method provided by this invention, by opening the air curtain in advance and dynamically adjusting the air curtain output parameters, can solve the problem of lag in the response of the air curtain generating module, effectively maintain the continuity and stability of the air curtain, and improve the air isolation effect in the door area of ​​trams under complex operating conditions.

[0015] The present invention also provides an air curtain control device and a tram, both of which have the same beneficial effects as the air curtain control method described above. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the prior art and embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 A flowchart of an air curtain control method provided by the present invention; Figure 2 A flowchart illustrating the linkage function between the air curtain and the vehicle door opening and closing in an air curtain control method provided by the present invention; Figure 3 A flowchart illustrating the air pressure regulation function of an air curtain control method provided by the present invention; Figure 4 A flowchart illustrating the anti-condensation function of an air curtain control method provided by the present invention; Figure 5 A flowchart of the temperature difference balancing function of an air curtain control method provided by the present invention; Figure 6 A flowchart illustrating the crowd flow tiered speed regulation function of an air curtain control method provided by the present invention; Figure 7 A flowchart illustrating the energy consumption allocation function of an air curtain control method provided by the present invention; Figure 8 A structural diagram of an air curtain control device provided by the present invention; Figure 9 A structural diagram of a tram provided by the present invention; Figure 10 This invention provides an interactive structure diagram of a tram. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The core of this invention is to provide an air curtain control method, device, and tram, which aims to solve the problem of lag in the response of the air curtain generation module and resist the impact of external airflow to maintain the continuity and stability of the air curtain.

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] This invention provides a method for controlling air curtains, such as... Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1 A flowchart of an air curtain control method provided by the present invention. The air curtain control method includes: S11. Determine the vehicle door status parameters, the air pressure parameters of the inner and outer areas of the door, and the door status parameters include the pre-opening signal that indicates the door is about to open. Specifically, the processor first acquires the vehicle's door status parameters and the air pressure parameters of the inner and outer areas of the door. The door status parameters include a pre-opening signal indicating the door is about to open; this signal can be extracted as soon as the door begins its opening action, allowing the air curtain activation module to be activated in advance. Simultaneously, the processor acquires air pressure parameters through air pressure sensors distributed inside and outside the door, monitoring the current air pressure distribution characteristics at the door in real time. Through this process, the processor can obtain information that the door is about to open in advance and quantify the air pressure difference inside and outside the door, providing a data foundation for subsequent air curtain control.

[0021] It should be noted that the pre-opening signal can be obtained either using a two-stage contact limit switch or via the CAN communication bus of the vehicle's Train Control and Management System (TCMS) for door opening commands. The two-stage contact limit switch includes a pre-opening contact and an already opened contact; when the vehicle door opens, the door leaf will first touch the pre-opening contact during the sliding unlocking process, thus outputting a pre-opening signal indicating that the door is about to open. Air pressure parameters can be collected in real time by installing air pressure sensors on the top or inner and outer sides of the door.

[0022] As can be seen, step S11, by extracting the door status parameters containing the pre-opening signal and the air pressure parameters of the inner and outer areas of the door, provides a clear triggering condition for the subsequent early activation of the air curtain generation module to eliminate response lag, and establishes accurate data basis for the compensation calculation to resist the impact of external airflow.

[0023] S12. Determine the opening time of the curtain air generation module based on the door status parameters; Specifically, since the pre-opening signal is generated at the initial stage of the door opening action, after the processor obtains the door status parameters containing the pre-opening signal, it directly uses the moment when the signal is received as a time reference to control the start of the air curtain generation module. At the same time, the processor can combine the time difference from the start of the door opening to the full opening and set the start time of the air curtain generation module within this time difference, controlling the air curtain generation module to run in advance before the actual exchange of air between the inside and outside of the vehicle, ensuring that the air curtain covering the door area has been established when the door is fully opened.

[0024] As can be seen, step S12 moves the start time of the air curtain forward based on the pre-opening signal, which effectively solves the problem of response lag caused by conventional air curtains only starting after the door is opened, and avoids air infiltration at the moment the door is opened.

[0025] S13. Determine the air curtain output parameters of the air curtain generation module based on the air pressure parameters of the inner and outer regions of the door. Specifically, the processor calculates the impact intensity of the external airflow acting on the door based on the air pressure parameters of the inner and outer regions of the door. Based on this, the processor then calculates the air curtain output parameters required to maintain its stability. These output parameters primarily include the fan speed in the air curtain generation module and the deflection angle of the airflow guiding components. For example, when the air pressure in the outer region of the door is significantly higher than that in the inner region, the processor will correspondingly increase the fan speed and adjust the deflection angle of the airflow guiding components to tilt them outwards, ensuring the air curtain remains stable under the impact of external airflow.

[0026] It should be noted that determining the air curtain output parameters depends not only on the pressure difference value but also on the rate of air pressure change in the outer area of ​​the door. Furthermore, when calculating the air curtain output parameters, the processor can also obtain the vehicle's current state of charge (SOC). While ensuring basic air isolation requirements, it can limit the upper limit of the fan speed, thereby achieving a balance between resisting external airflow impact and managing overall vehicle energy consumption.

[0027] As can be seen, step S13 enhances the stability of the air curtain under complex working conditions by quantifying the difference between the internal and external air pressure at the vehicle door and controlling the air curtain generation module to dynamically adjust to the external airflow.

[0028] S14. Control the air curtain generation module based on the opening time and air curtain output parameters.

[0029] Specifically, when the time axis reaches the determined opening time, the processor generates a control command containing the aforementioned air curtain output parameters and sends this control command to the air curtain generating module. Based on the received control command, the air curtain generating module outputs airflow according to the target fan speed and the deflection angle of the airflow guide component (e.g., an electric deflector), forming an air curtain. Throughout the entire door opening cycle, the processor can update the air curtain output parameters in real time as the air pressure parameters change and continuously send them, ensuring the air curtain generating module remains stable.

[0030] As can be seen, step S14 transforms the above-mentioned opening time planning and air curtain output parameters into actual control actions, thereby achieving precise driving of the air curtain generation module.

[0031] In summary, this method avoids the problem of air infiltration caused by delayed air curtain response by acquiring the pre-opening signal at the initial stage of the door opening action and advancing the start-up time of the air curtain generation module. At the same time, by monitoring the air pressure difference inside and outside the door, the speed of the fan and the deflection angle of the air guiding component are calculated and adjusted, so that the air curtain can adaptively resist the impact of external airflows such as piston wind, effectively improving the air curtain air isolation capability of trams under complex operating conditions.

[0032] Based on the above embodiments: As an optional embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2 This invention provides a flowchart illustrating the linkage function between the air curtain and the vehicle door opening and closing in an air curtain control method. The process includes determining the vehicle door status parameters, including: When the door performs the opening action and the door leaf slides to the pre-opening contact position, the pre-opening signal output by the two-stage contact limit switch is obtained; Among them, the double-stage contact limit switch is located at the door and includes a pre-opening contact and an already opened contact arranged sequentially along the door opening direction; The activation time of the curtain air generation module is determined based on the door status parameters, including: The moment when the pre-opening signal is received is determined as the start-up moment of the air curtain generation module.

[0033] Conventional car door curtain airbags typically rely on limit switch signals or communication commands to activate after the door is fully opened. However, the fan motor inside the curtain airbag module requires a certain response time to reach its rated speed and establish an effective airflow barrier after being powered on. This traditional delayed activation method results in a vacuum period without airflow protection for the first few seconds after the door is opened, causing a large amount of convection exchange between the inside and outside of the vehicle.

[0034] Based on this, this embodiment adds a two-stage contact limit switch at the door, splitting the original single door opening detection into a pre-opening detection at the initial stage of the door opening action and an open detection at the end of the action. When the processor detects that the door leaf begins to slide and triggers the first contact (i.e., the pre-opening contact), the processor immediately marks the current moment as the start time of the air curtain generation module and sends a start command to the air curtain generation module. Since the door leaf needs a certain mechanical displacement time to slide from the pre-opening contact to the open contact, this inherent time difference allows the fan sufficient time to start and output a stable airflow. Finally, when the door leaf slides past the open contact (i.e., the door is fully open), the air curtain covering the door area has been fully established, avoiding air convection problems caused by the lag in the response of the air curtain generation module. The two-stage contact limit switch can preferably be a two-stage mechanical contact limit switch.

[0035] It should be noted that, based on the aforementioned pre-opening signal, the processor can control the opening time of the air curtain generation module to start the fan 1.0 second before the door is fully opened to establish an air curtain. This pre-opening duration can be adjusted within the range of 0.5 to 1.5 seconds. Furthermore, when the door status parameters indicate that the door is fully closed, the processor can control the fan to delay for 2.0 seconds before shutting down. This delayed shutdown duration can be adjusted within the range of 1.0 to 3.0 seconds. This delayed shutdown design effectively prevents residual air disturbance at the moment the door closes and avoids frequent start-stop of the fan during anti-pinch reopening operations.

[0036] As can be seen, this embodiment, by arranging a two-stage contact limit switch at a specific location, accurately captures the pre-opening signal at the initial stage of the door opening action, and combines it with early start and delayed stop time control, effectively ensuring the airflow isolation stability of the door throughout the entire opening and closing cycle.

[0037] As an optional embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, the door status parameters also include an opening signal indicating that the door is fully open and a closing signal indicating that the door is fully closed; Air curtain control methods also include: Based on the opening signal, when it is determined that the door is in the open state, the air curtain generating module is kept in operation. The moment when the shutdown signal is received is determined as the stop moment of the air curtain generating module.

[0038] Specifically, the processor continuously acquires the status signals of the doors. When the processor receives an opening signal indicating that the door is fully open, it determines that the door is currently in the passenger boarding / alighting phase. At this time, the processor controls the air curtain generating module to maintain the corresponding operating state, continuously outputting airflow to maintain the integrity of the air curtain. As passenger boarding / alighting ends, the door performs a closing action. When the door is fully closed, the processor receives a closing signal indicating that the door is fully closed. The processor directly uses the moment of acquiring this closing signal as the control node, issuing a stop command to the air curtain generating module to control the energy-consuming components such as the fan in the air curtain generating module to stop working.

[0039] It should be noted that the aforementioned opening and closing signals can be acquired through limit switches or physical limit switches installed on the door guide rails, or directly by the processor via the communication bus of the tram's train control and management system or the door control unit. Precisely setting the moment the closing signal is received as the stopping moment of the air curtain generating module ensures that the actual operating time of the air curtain generating module is strictly aligned with the physical opening time of the door.

[0040] As can be seen, this embodiment achieves precise control of the operating status of the air curtain generation module by introducing node signals for the complete opening and closing of the car door. While ensuring the air isolation effect when the car door is open, it effectively avoids the ineffective energy consumption and noise generation after the car door is closed.

[0041] As an optional embodiment, such as Figure 3 As shown, Figure 3 A flowchart illustrating the air pressure regulation function of an air curtain control method provided by this invention. The air curtain output parameters of the air curtain generating module are determined based on the air pressure parameters of the inner and outer regions of the vehicle door, including: Determine the pressure difference between the air pressure parameters of the outer region and the air pressure parameters of the inner region; Calculate the rate of change of air pressure based on the obtained air pressure parameters of the outer region; Based on the pressure difference value and the rate of change of air pressure, the speed compensation of the fan in the air curtain generation module and the deflection angle of the flow guiding component are determined. The target speed of the fan is determined based on the fan's preset base speed and speed compensation amount; The target rotational speed and deflection angle are determined as the output parameters of the air curtain.

[0042] Considering that trams often face complex airflow environments outside the doors during actual operation and stops, such as platform piston winds or strong natural crosswinds, if the air curtain generating module only maintains a fixed fan speed and air outlet angle, the original airflow barrier will be easily penetrated or blown away when the external airflow pressure suddenly increases, thus losing its air isolation effect.

[0043] Based on this, this embodiment performs compensation control based on the pressure difference between the inner and outer regions of the vehicle door and the rate of change of air pressure, which characterizes changes in external airflow. Specifically, the processor calculates the pressure difference between the air pressure parameters of the outer and inner regions of the vehicle door in real time to determine the intensity of the external airflow impact at the door. Simultaneously, the processor calculates the rate of change of air pressure based on continuously acquired air pressure parameters of the outer region to predict the changing trend of external airflow intensity. Finally, based on the aforementioned pressure difference and rate of change of air pressure, the processor calculates the fan speed compensation and the deflection angle of the guide assembly required to maintain the stability of the airflow barrier under the current operating conditions, and determines these as the air curtain output parameters for controlling the fan.

[0044] It should be noted that, to achieve the aforementioned adaptive flow guidance for airflows such as piston winds, the processor can employ a cyclic real-time detection method. For example, it can collect air pressure data every 100ms using a pressure sensor (with a range configured from 0 to 60 Pa) to form a continuous closed-loop feedback. When determining the air curtain output parameters, the processor uses a lookup table to match the corresponding deflection angle (15° to 45° range) and speed compensation amount of the flow guiding component according to the pressure difference value. Specifically, when the pressure difference is in the 0 to 15 Pa range, the flow guiding component deflects 15° with a speed compensation of 0 r / min; when the pressure difference is in the 15 to 30 Pa range, the flow guiding component deflects 25° with an added speed compensation of 600 r / min; when the pressure difference is in the 30 to 45 Pa range, the flow guiding component deflects 35° with an added speed compensation of 1200 r / min; and when the pressure difference is in the 45 to 60 Pa range, the flow guiding component deflects 45° with an added speed compensation of 1800 r / min. The target speed is the sum of the base speed and the speed compensation value. Since the operating speed of the fan is linearly positively correlated with the outlet wind speed, the compensation speed will be converted into compensation wind speed in sync with the deflection angle of the guide component to counteract the impact of the piston wind from the air volume and outlet angle until the air curtain is stable.

[0045] As a more specific embodiment, taking a basic fan speed of 2200 r / min as an example, the corresponding basic outlet air velocity is 3.0 m / s. At this time: if the current pressure difference is 10 Pa, the flow guide component can be deflected by 15°, the target speed is 2200 r / min, and the output air velocity is 3.0 m / s; if the current pressure difference rises to 28 Pa, the flow guide component can be deflected by 25°, the target speed is increased to 2800 r / min, and the output air velocity is correspondingly increased to 3.8 m / s; if the current pressure difference rises to 42 Pa, the flow guide component can be deflected by 35°, the target speed is increased to 3400 r / min, and the output air velocity is correspondingly increased to 4.6 m / s; if the current pressure difference rises to 55 Pa, the flow guide component can be deflected by 45°, the target speed is increased to 4000 r / min, and the output air velocity is correspondingly increased to 5.4 m / s.

[0046] As can be seen, this embodiment determines the fan speed compensation and the deflection angle of the air guide component based on the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the door and the rate of change of the external air pressure. This enables the air curtain generation module to have an adaptive resistance to the impact of external airflow, which significantly enhances the air isolation reliability of the tram under complex operating conditions.

[0047] As an optional embodiment, such as Figure 4 As shown, Figure 4 A flowchart illustrating the anti-condensation function of an air curtain control method provided by the present invention. The air curtain control method further includes: The system acquires the vehicle's external ambient temperature, relative humidity, and air outlet temperature from the curtain air generation module. Determine the ambient dew point temperature based on the ambient temperature and relative humidity outside the vehicle. If the difference between the outlet air temperature and the ambient dew point temperature is less than the preset first temperature threshold, the operating power of the heating unit in the air curtain generating module is adjusted so that the difference between the outlet air temperature and the ambient dew point temperature is greater than or equal to the preset second temperature threshold.

[0048] Considering that trams are prone to condensation on the glass and metal structure surfaces at the doors when operating in climates with large temperature differences or high humidity,

[0049] Based on this, the processor obtains the vehicle's external ambient temperature and relative humidity through temperature and humidity sensors installed on the exterior of the doors. It then calculates the ambient dew point temperature at which water vapor in the outside air reaches saturation and condenses into liquid water. Simultaneously, it monitors the outlet air temperature of the air curtain generation module using a temperature sensor. When the difference between the outlet air temperature and the ambient dew point temperature is less than a preset first temperature threshold, it indicates that the airflow from the air curtain may cause condensation in the door area. At this point, the processor generates a heating control command, actively adjusting the operating power of the heating unit in the air curtain generation module to increase the outlet air temperature until the difference between it and the ambient dew point temperature is greater than or equal to a preset second temperature threshold that prevents condensation.

[0050] It should be noted that when determining the ambient dew point temperature, the processor can use an empirical formula for calculation, such as Td=T-(100-RH) / 5, where Td is the ambient dew point temperature, T is the outside ambient temperature (specifically, dry-bulb temperature), and RH is the relative humidity of the outside environment. Alternatively, it can be obtained by looking up a built-in temperature-humidity-dew point reference table. The preset first and second temperature thresholds can be pre-calibrated based on the actual operating climate conditions of the tram. The outlet air temperature of the air curtain generating module typically needs to be consistently 2°C to 3°C higher than the ambient dew point temperature. For example, the first temperature threshold can be set to 2°C, and the second temperature threshold to 3°C, to prevent frequent start-stop of the heating unit when the outlet air temperature fluctuates near the critical point. Furthermore, the heating unit in the air curtain generating module can use a positive temperature coefficient (PTC) thermistor heater. The processor adjusts the outlet air temperature by changing the input power through a pulse width modulation (PWM) signal.

[0051] As a more specific embodiment, taking the winter open-air platform operation as an example, when the detected outside ambient temperature is 0℃ and the relative humidity is 85%, the calculated ambient dew point temperature is -3℃. When the difference between the outlet air temperature and the ambient dew point temperature (-3℃) is less than the preset first temperature threshold (2℃), that is, when the outlet air temperature is below -1℃, the processor continuously increases the operating power of the PTC thermistor heater to maintain the outlet air temperature above -1℃, and preferably stabilizes it at 0℃ corresponding to the second temperature threshold. Through this control process, condensation or icing can be effectively avoided at the outlet air of the air curtain generation module and in the door area.

[0052] As can be seen, this embodiment directly determines the ambient dew point temperature based on the ambient temperature and relative humidity outside the vehicle, and actively intervenes in the air outlet temperature by adjusting the heating power of the air curtain generation module, which effectively prevents condensation in the door area and improves the reliability of the tram.

[0053] As an optional embodiment, such as Figure 5 As shown, Figure 5 A flowchart illustrating the temperature difference balancing function of an air curtain control method provided by the present invention. The air curtain control method further includes: Obtain the vehicle's interior temperature and exterior temperature; Calculate the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the vehicle based on the ambient temperature inside and outside the vehicle; If the ambient temperature difference is greater than the preset third temperature threshold, the operating power of the heating unit in the air curtain generation module is adjusted to regulate the outlet air temperature until the ambient temperature difference is less than or equal to the preset fourth temperature threshold.

[0054] Considering that if the temperature difference between the inside and outside of a tram is too large, it will not only drastically increase the operating load of the air conditioning inside the carriage and easily induce condensation at the air outlet of the air curtain module, but also cause passengers to be exposed to cold and heat stimulation when getting on and off the tram, resulting in discomfort.

[0055] Based on this, the processor acquires the in-vehicle ambient temperature from the in-vehicle temperature sensor and the outside ambient temperature from the outside temperature sensor in real time, and calculates the current temperature difference between the inside and outside of the vehicle. If this temperature difference is greater than a preset third temperature threshold, it indicates a significant risk of convection between hot and cold air. At this time, the processor actively adjusts the operating power of the heating unit in the air curtain generation module to change the outlet air temperature until the ambient temperature difference detected by the processor is less than or equal to a preset fourth temperature threshold, thereby controlling the temperature difference within a reasonable range.

[0056] It should be noted that the comfort temperature control standard for tram carriages can be set with reference to standards such as "CJ / T 417-2012 Tram Air Conditioning System". The comfortable temperature range inside the carriage is usually maintained between 20℃ and 26℃. To prevent significant hot and cold stimulation when the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the carriage exceeds 5℃, the preset third and fourth temperature thresholds can be configured within an adjustable range of 3℃ to 7℃. For example, under normal operating conditions, the relevant temperature thresholds can be set to 5℃. In the high-temperature elevated open platform conditions of summer, the processor can set the preset third temperature threshold to 7℃ to reduce the frequent start-stop of the heating unit in the air curtain generation module, thereby reducing overall energy consumption. In the cold winter conditions of open-air platforms in northern regions, the processor can set the preset third temperature threshold to 3℃ to activate the heating unit in the air curtain generation module in advance, strongly blocking the intrusion of cold outdoor air, while also preventing condensation and freezing.

[0057] As can be seen, this embodiment actively controls the temperature difference within a reasonable range by monitoring the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the vehicle and controlling the operating power of the heating unit in the air curtain generation module, thereby effectively improving passenger comfort and vehicle operation reliability.

[0058] As an optional embodiment, such as Figure 6 As shown, Figure 6 A flowchart illustrating the crowd flow tiered speed control function of an air curtain control method provided by the present invention. The air curtain control method further includes: Determine the pedestrian density in the vehicle door area, including whether there are no people, single people, and multiple people. The speed setting of the fan in the air curtain generation module and / or the operating status of the purification and sterilization module are determined based on the population density.

[0059] Considering that the number of passengers in the door area when the tram stops is random, if the air curtain generating module or the purification and sterilization module often operates at a constant power, the constant wind speed will be difficult to effectively block the intrusion of external air when there are many passengers, and will cause unnecessary energy waste when no one is passing by; at the same time, if the purification and sterilization module continues to operate when people are passing by, it may cause potential radiation damage to passengers.

[0060] Based on this, the processor determines the pedestrian density in the vehicle door area in real time, classifying it into three states: no one, single person, and multiple people. It then adjusts the fan speed in the air curtain generation module or controls the operation of the purification and sterilization module based on this density. The fan speed and the purification and sterilization module's operation can be controlled independently by the processor, or they can be combined and linked according to actual needs. For example, when pedestrian traffic is high, priority can be given to ensuring airflow isolation and sterilization can be paused; when no one is present, fan energy consumption can be reduced and the sterilization function can be activated.

[0061] As can be seen, this embodiment achieves dynamic adjustment of the air curtain generation module and the purification and sterilization module by introducing passenger flow density as a control parameter, which effectively improves the air isolation effect and passenger safety, while reducing energy consumption.

[0062] As an optional embodiment, determining the pedestrian density in the door area includes: Acquire the infrared sensor's collected signals within the current processing cycle; wherein, the infrared sensor is used to emit a high-level signal toward the door area. When there is no one in the door area, the collected signal is a high level, and when a passenger passes through the door area, the collected signal is a pulse signal; If the collected signal remains at a high level, the population density is determined to be unoccupied. If the collected signal is a single pulse signal and the pulse duration of the single pulse signal is within the first preset duration range, the population density is determined to be a single person. If the collected signal is a single pulse signal and the pulse duration is longer than the second preset duration, or if the number of pulses determined based on the collected signal is greater than or equal to a preset number threshold, the crowd density is determined to be multiple people; wherein the second preset duration is greater than the upper limit of the first preset duration interval.

[0063] Specifically, this embodiment uses an infrared sensor for pedestrian detection. The infrared sensor emits a signal towards the door area, and the processor acquires the collected signal within the current processing cycle. When there is no one in the door area, the receiver of the infrared sensor is not blocked, and the collected signal remains at a stable high level. At this time, the processor determines that the pedestrian density is empty. When a passenger passes through, the infrared beam is blocked, and the collected signal changes to a pulse signal. If the pulse signal is a single pulse, and the pulse duration is within the first preset duration range that corresponds to a normal adult passing through once, the processor determines that the pedestrian density is single person. If a single pulse occurs but the pulse duration is longer than the second preset duration, it usually corresponds to a situation where multiple people are crowding and slowly passing through; or if multiple pulses occur consecutively within the processing cycle with a number greater than or equal to a preset number threshold, it usually corresponds to a situation where multiple people are passing through consecutively. In both cases, the processor determines that the pedestrian density is multiple people.

[0064] It should be noted that the first preset duration interval, the second preset duration, and the preset quantity threshold can be pre-calibrated based on the physical width of the tram doors and the average walking speed of passengers. Furthermore, either reflective or through-beam infrared sensors can be used, mounted on the pillars on both sides of the doors to form an infrared light curtain, thereby improving the anti-interference capability and accuracy of signal detection.

[0065] As a specific embodiment, the first preset duration interval representing a single person passing through can be set to 200 milliseconds to 800 milliseconds; for the determination of multiple people passing through, the second preset duration can be set to 1000 milliseconds, or the preset quantity threshold can be set to two or more consecutive occlusion pulses within 1 second in combination with the pulse interval.

[0066] As can be seen, this embodiment utilizes the low-level pulse signal characteristics of the infrared sensor to directly calculate the crowd density from multiple dimensions such as occlusion duration, frequency, and interval. This eliminates the need for complex image processing calculations, reduces the processor's computational load, and improves the real-time performance and reliability of crowd status detection.

[0067] As an optional embodiment, such as Figure 6 As shown, the fan speed setting of the air curtain generating module is determined based on the pedestrian flow density, including: If the crowd density is no one, determine the speed setting of the fan in the air curtain generating module as the base setting; If the population density is one person, determine the fan speed setting as the standard setting; If the population density is high, the fan speed setting should be the enhanced setting; the wind speeds corresponding to the basic setting, standard setting, and enhanced setting increase sequentially.

[0068] Considering that during the operation of the air curtain generation module, the pressure difference and wind speed inside and outside the vehicle when the doors are open will be affected by passengers blocking the airflow. When multiple people pass through the doors at the same time, their bodies will significantly obstruct and disturb the airflow, causing the air curtain at normal wind speeds to be unable to maintain a complete air isolation curtain; while when no one is passing through, maintaining a high rotation speed will cause unnecessary power consumption and noise interference.

[0069] Based on this, the processor adjusts the fan speed according to the crowd density. When there are no people, the processor sets the fan speed in the air curtain generation module to a low base level, maintaining only a basic air barrier. When there is only one person, the processor increases the fan speed to the standard level to overcome slight airflow disturbances caused by a single person passing by. When there are multiple people, the processor further increases the fan speed to the enhanced level, outputting the highest wind speed to resist severe airflow disturbances caused by crowding. The wind speeds corresponding to these three levels increase sequentially, ensuring that the air curtain strength matches the degree of external disturbance.

[0070] It should be noted that the basic, standard, and enhanced speed settings of the fan in the air curtain generation module can be segmented and controlled by the processor outputting pulse width modulation (PWM) signals with different duty cycles. During speed switching, the processor can employ smooth transition control logic, controlling the fan speed to change gradually at a certain slope, thereby avoiding unstable air pressure and mechanical shock to the equipment caused by sudden changes in wind speed. To further clarify the control parameters under different operating conditions, the air volume and wind speed of each speed setting can be pre-calibrated.

[0071] As a specific implementation example: In the basic setting, the outlet air velocity of the air curtain generating module can be set to 1.8 m / s, the rated fan speed to 1200 r / min, and the corresponding air volume to 120 m³ / min. 3 / h; In the standard setting, the outlet air velocity can be set to 3.0 m / s, the fan rated speed is 2200 r / min, and the corresponding air volume is 210 m³ / h. 3 / h; In the enhanced mode, the outlet air velocity can be set to 4.5 m / s, the fan rated speed is 3300 r / min, and the corresponding air volume is 320 m³ / h. 3 / h.

[0072] As can be seen, this embodiment controls the fan speed in the air curtain generation module in a graded manner according to the density of people, and assigns specific wind speed and air volume parameters. This not only ensures the integrity of airflow isolation under crowded conditions, but also effectively reduces operating energy consumption and equipment noise in unattended conditions.

[0073] As an optional embodiment, such as Figure 6 As shown, the operating status of the purification and sterilization module is determined based on the flow of people, including: If the crowd density is one person or multiple people, the purification and sterilization module will stop operating. If the population density is low and there are no people around, control the operation of the purification and sterilization module.

[0074] First, it should be noted that purification and sterilization modules typically use integrated filtration and sterilization technologies to purify the airflow entering or passing through the air curtain generation module, thereby reducing particulate matter and microorganisms in the air and improving the air quality and hygiene level inside the tram car. However, if it operates continuously while passengers are boarding and alighting, it can easily cause radiation damage to passengers and does not comply with public transportation safety regulations.

[0075] Based on this, the processor acquires the crowd density detected by the infrared sensor. If it detects a single or multiple people in the crowd density, i.e., passengers are detected in the door area, the processor immediately issues a stop command and automatically shuts down the sterilization component in the purification and sterilization module. Only when the processor detects that the crowd density is empty and confirms that the door area is safe and free of passengers will it automatically activate the purification and sterilization module to continuously disinfect the airflow blown out by the air curtain generation module.

[0076] It should be noted that the purification and sterilization module may include a composite filter (such as an air filter) to physically block larger particles in the air. Simultaneously, this module can integrate a UV-C germicidal lamp as the core sterilization component. To further enhance safety redundancy, a safety delay time can be set when the processor controls the UV-C germicidal lamp to start. By embedding the UV-C germicidal lamp inside the air curtain generating module's duct, continuous irradiation in unattended conditions can fully utilize the airflow circulation within the duct to achieve rapid sterilization and disinfection of the passing airflow.

[0077] As can be seen, this embodiment uses the density of people to control the start and stop of the purification and sterilization module, which effectively reduces the safety hazards to passengers while reducing particulate matter and microorganisms in the air and improving the air quality inside the vehicle.

[0078] As an optional embodiment, such as Figure 7 As shown, Figure 7 A flowchart illustrating the energy consumption allocation function of an air curtain control method provided by the present invention. The air curtain control method further includes: Obtain the vehicle's battery SOC; The operating power of the air curtain generation module and the purification and sterilization module is determined based on SOC; If the SOC is lower than the preset lower threshold, the heating unit and the purification and sterilization module in the air curtain generation module will stop operating, and the fan in the air curtain generation module will continue to operate.

[0079] Considering that the heating unit and purification and sterilization module in the air curtain generation module are high-energy-consuming components, if these components continue to operate at full load when the battery power is insufficient, it will cause the power to be depleted quickly, thereby affecting the normal operation of the vehicle.

[0080] Based on this, the processor acquires the vehicle's battery SOC in real time and dynamically determines the operating power of the air curtain generation module and the purification and sterilization module based on the acquired SOC. Specifically, when the SOC is greater than a first power threshold (e.g., 80%), the processor controls the air curtain generation module and the purification and sterilization module to operate at full power. When the SOC is between a preset lower threshold and the first power threshold (e.g., 50% to 80%), the processor actively reduces the operating power of the heating unit in the air curtain generation module and controls the purification and sterilization module to work intermittently to delay further power consumption. When the SOC is lower than the preset lower threshold, the processor prioritizes ensuring the basic function of forming an air curtain, controlling the heating unit in the air curtain generation module and the purification and sterilization module to stop operating, thereby reducing power consumption when the power is insufficient. At the same time, the processor controls the fan in the air curtain generation module to keep running, ensuring that the air curtain at the door remains continuous, preventing large-scale intrusion of cold or hot air or dust from outside the vehicle into the passenger compartment. The preset lower threshold can be calibrated according to the total capacity of the vehicle's onboard battery and emergency power supply needs, for example, preferably set to 30%.

[0081] In addition, after the heating unit and the purification and sterilization module are turned off, if the processor detects that the battery power has risen to above the preset lower limit threshold (50%), it will automatically restore the energy consumption distribution state under the corresponding power range. The entire power distribution and restoration process does not require any additional manual operation.

[0082] As can be seen, this embodiment introduces the battery SOC to participate in power distribution, ensuring the protection effect when the power is sufficient, smoothly transitioning during the power decline period, and only keeping the fan when the power is low until the power recovers and other functions are automatically restored. While maintaining the core air isolation function, it effectively reduces power consumption and avoids the operation failure caused by the vehicle battery being depleted.

[0083] The present invention also provides an air curtain control device, such as Figure 8 As shown, Figure 8 A structural diagram of an air curtain control device provided by the present invention. The air curtain control device includes: Memory 21 is used to store computer programs; The processor 22 is configured to execute a computer program to implement the steps of the curtain air control method as described in any of the embodiments above.

[0084] For a description of the air curtain control device provided by the present invention, please refer to the embodiments of the air curtain control method described above, which will not be repeated here.

[0085] The present invention also provides a tram, such as Figure 9 As shown, Figure 9 This invention provides a structural diagram of a tram. The tram includes a door, an air curtain generating module 31, and an air curtain control device 32 as described above; wherein the air curtain control device 32 is connected to the air curtain generating module 31, and the air curtain generating module 31 is disposed in the top area of ​​the door.

[0086] Specifically, such as Figure 9 As shown, in addition to doors, an air curtain generating module 31, and an air curtain control device 32, the tram also includes an onboard battery, a sensor module 33, and a purification and sterilization module 34. The air curtain generating module 31 can integrate components such as a fan, air duct, air outlet, airflow guide assembly, and heating unit as needed. The fan is preferably a brushless variable frequency fan, the airflow guide assembly is preferably an electric airflow guide plate, and the heating unit is preferably a PTC heater. Furthermore, the air curtain generating module 31 adopts an ultra-thin design, with an overall thickness of less than or equal to 45 mm, allowing it to be directly and concealed within the inner ceiling above the doors. The purification and sterilization module 34 can include a composite filter and a UV-C safety germicidal lamp, and is preferably located on the air outlet side of the air curtain generating module 31 to treat the blown airflow. Figure 10 As shown, Figure 10 This invention provides an interactive structural diagram of a tram. The sensing module 33 is used to collect air pressure parameters of the inner and outer areas of the doors, ambient temperature and humidity parameters inside and outside the vehicle, and infrared detection signals from the door area. The air curtain control device 32 is connected to the doors, battery, sensing module 33, air curtain generating module 31, and purification and sterilization module 34, respectively. It is used to acquire door status parameters, battery state of charge parameters, and the air pressure, ambient temperature and humidity parameters, and infrared detection signals collected by the sensing module 33, and accordingly adjust the various energy-consuming components.

[0087] It should be noted that for the retrofitting of existing trams, the hardware wiring within the tram can directly utilize the vehicle's existing wiring channels without altering the vehicle's original physical structure and basic circuitry. The deployment of the aforementioned hardware components relies on a matching power supply and vibration damping installation module, which provides flexible buffer support for each component structurally. Simultaneously, the air curtain control device 32, air curtain generating module 31, and purification and sterilization module 34 all utilize 24-volt on-board low-voltage power supply. Combined with the external vibration damping and waterproof design and modular component assembly, they can effectively withstand strong vibrations and high humidity interference during tram operation, ensuring reliable operation of each hardware module under complex conditions, thus facilitating rapid deployment on existing vehicles.

[0088] As can be seen, this embodiment achieves modular and modular layout of the entire electrical equipment without modification by installing an ultra-thin air curtain generating module 32 and supporting hardware such as sensing modules and purification and sterilization modules on the tram. This improves the air hygiene level inside the carriage while ensuring the reliability of the vehicle in complex operating environments.

[0089] In summary, the tram provided by this invention integrates multi-sensor collaborative control with the aforementioned modular hardware design through an air curtain control device. This enables functions such as air curtain and door opening and closing linkage, graded speed regulation based on passenger flow density, temperature difference balancing, anti-condensation control based on dew point temperature, air pressure regulation for piston wind, and power distribution and low-battery emergency control based on battery state of charge. These functions effectively overcome the technical defects of trams in the door area, such as air infiltration, condensation and icing, and high power consumption, under special operating conditions such as frequent door opening and closing, strong vibration, piston wind interference on open platforms, and fluctuations in onboard battery power. Ultimately, while maintaining the isolation stability of the door air curtain, it effectively improves the environmental protection conditions inside the tram carriage.

[0090] It should be noted that, in this specification, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0091] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A method for controlling an air curtain, characterized in that, include: Determine the vehicle door status parameters, the air pressure parameters of the inner and outer regions of the door, wherein the door status parameters include a pre-opening signal characterizing the start of door opening; The opening time of the air curtain generation module is determined based on the door status parameters. The air curtain output parameters of the air curtain generating module are determined based on the air pressure parameters of the inner and outer regions of the vehicle door. The air curtain generating module is controlled based on the opening time and the air curtain output parameters.

2. The air curtain control method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Determine the vehicle door status parameters, including: When the door is opened and the door leaf slides to the pre-opening contact position, the pre-opening signal output by the two-stage contact limit switch is obtained; The dual-stage contact limit switch is located at the vehicle door and includes a pre-opening contact and an already opened contact arranged sequentially along the opening direction of the vehicle door. Determining the opening time of the curtain air generation module based on the door status parameters includes: The moment when the pre-opening signal is received is determined as the start-up moment of the air curtain generating module.

3. The air curtain control method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The air curtain output parameters of the air curtain generating module are determined based on the air pressure parameters of the inner and outer regions of the vehicle door, including: Determine the pressure difference between the air pressure parameters of the outer region and the air pressure parameters of the inner region; The rate of change of air pressure is calculated based on the obtained air pressure parameters of the outer region; Based on the pressure difference value and the air pressure change rate, the speed compensation amount of the fan of the air curtain generation module and the deflection angle of the flow guiding component are determined. The target speed of the fan is determined based on the preset base speed of the fan and the speed compensation amount; The target rotational speed and the deflection angle are determined as the output parameters of the air curtain.

4. The air curtain control method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The vehicle's external ambient temperature, external ambient relative humidity, and air outlet temperature of the air curtain generating module are obtained. The ambient dew point temperature is determined based on the ambient temperature and relative humidity outside the vehicle. If the difference between the outlet air temperature and the ambient dew point temperature is less than a preset first temperature threshold, the operating power of the heating unit in the air curtain generating module is adjusted so that the difference between the outlet air temperature and the ambient dew point temperature is greater than or equal to a preset second temperature threshold.

5. The air curtain control method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The vehicle's interior temperature and exterior temperature are obtained. Calculate the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the vehicle based on the interior temperature and the exterior temperature. If the ambient temperature difference is greater than a preset third temperature threshold, the operating power of the heating unit in the air curtain generating module is adjusted to regulate the outlet air temperature until the ambient temperature difference is less than or equal to a preset fourth temperature threshold.

6. The air curtain control method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: Determine the pedestrian density in the vehicle door area, including unattended, single, and multi-person traffic; The speed setting of the fan in the air curtain generating module and / or the operating status of the purification and sterilization module are determined based on the population density.

7. The air curtain control method as described in claim 6, characterized in that, Determine the pedestrian density in the vehicle door area, including: Acquire the infrared sensor's acquisition signal within the current processing cycle; wherein, the infrared sensor is used to emit a high-level signal toward the door area, the acquisition signal is high-level when there is no one in the door area, and the acquisition signal is a pulse signal when a passenger passes through the door area; If the collected signal remains at a high level, the population density is determined to be unmanned. If the collected signal is a single pulse signal and the pulse duration of the single pulse signal is within the first preset duration range, the population density is determined to be a single person. If the collected signal is a single pulse signal and the duration of the pulse is greater than the second preset duration, or if the number of pulses determined based on the collected signal is greater than or equal to a preset number threshold, the crowd density is determined to be multiple people; wherein the second preset duration is greater than the upper limit of the first preset duration interval.

8. The air curtain control method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, Also includes: Obtain the SOC of the vehicle's battery; The operating power of the air curtain generating module and the purification and sterilization module is determined based on the SOC. If the SOC is lower than the preset lower threshold, the heating unit in the air curtain generating module and the purification and sterilization module are controlled to stop operating, and the fan in the air curtain generating module is controlled to keep running.

9. An air curtain control device, characterized in that, include: Memory, used to store computer programs; A processor, configured to implement the steps of the air curtain control method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8 when executing the computer program.

10. A tram, characterized in that, It includes a car door, an air curtain generating module, and an air curtain control device as described in claim 9; wherein the air curtain control device is connected to the air curtain generating module, and the air curtain generating module is disposed in the top area of ​​the car door.

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