Electromagnetic damper and vehicle

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of vehicle shock absorption, and discloses an electromagnetic shock absorber and a vehicle. The electromagnetic shock absorber comprises a cylinder, a push rod assembly, an elastic member and an electromagnetic mechanism. The push rod assembly is movably arranged in the cylinder along a first direction, and the elastic member is connected between the cylinder and the push rod assembly. The electromagnetic mechanism comprises a coil assembly and a permanent magnet assembly. The coil assembly is fixed opposite to the push rod assembly, the permanent magnet assembly is fixed opposite to the cylinder, and the permanent magnet assembly is located outside the coil assembly and spaced from the coil assembly to form an air gap. The permanent magnet assembly comprises a plurality of first magnetic pole units and a plurality of second magnetic steels which are alternately arranged along the first direction. The first magnetic pole unit comprises a first magnetic steel and a magnetic conducting block which are sequentially arranged along a second direction, and the magnetic conducting block is located on the side of the first magnetic steel close to the air gap. The electromagnetic shock absorber can reduce the amount of magnetic steels, improve the air gap side magnetic field distribution, and improve the magnetic field utilization rate and electromagnetic output performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of vehicle shock absorption technology, and more particularly to an electromagnetic shock absorber and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] As vehicle technology advances, users' demands for smooth driving and comfortable ride are constantly increasing. Vehicles typically use shock absorbers to suppress relative vibrations between the wheels and the body, thereby reducing the impact of road shocks on the vehicle body.

[0003] In the prior art, electromagnetic shock absorbers based on linear motors have been proposed. Electromagnetic shock absorbers typically include a coil assembly and a permanent magnet assembly, with an air gap formed between them. They can move relative to each other along the extension and contraction direction of the shock absorber, thereby using electromagnetic action to adjust the relative motion between the vehicle body and the wheels.

[0004] However, the arrangement of the coil and permanent magnet components in existing electromagnetic dampers still has room for improvement. If the coil and permanent magnet components only form a single-sided or small electromagnetic action area, it can easily lead to limited electromagnetic thrust output and may affect the balance of forces within the damper. Furthermore, to increase the air gap magnetic flux density and thrust density, the permanent magnet component typically requires a large number of magnets, resulting in higher magnet consumption, higher material costs, and making it difficult to further increase thrust density within limited installation space.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need to propose an electromagnetic damper to improve the problem that existing electromagnetic dampers cannot simultaneously achieve electromagnetic thrust output capacity, structural stress balance, and the amount of permanent magnet components used. Summary of the Invention

[0006] One objective of this invention is to provide an electromagnetic damper to improve the problems of large amount of permanent magnet components, insufficient utilization of the air gap side magnetic field, and limited electromagnetic output performance in existing electromagnetic dampers.

[0007] To achieve this objective, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: This invention provides an electromagnetic shock absorber, comprising: a cylindrical body; a push rod assembly movably disposed within the cylindrical body along a first direction; an elastic element, one end of which is connected to the cylindrical body, and the other end of which is connected to the push rod assembly; and an electromagnetic mechanism having a coil assembly and a permanent magnet assembly, wherein the coil assembly is fixed relative to the push rod assembly, the permanent magnet assembly is fixed relative to the cylindrical body, the permanent magnet assembly is located outside the coil assembly and spaced apart from the coil assembly to form an air gap, and the coil assembly and the permanent magnet assembly are movable relative to each other along the first direction; wherein the permanent magnet assembly includes a plurality of first magnetic pole units and a plurality of second magnets, the plurality of first magnetic pole units and the plurality of second magnets being alternately arranged along the first direction; the first magnetic pole unit includes a first magnet and a magnetically conductive block, and in a second direction, the first magnet and the magnetically conductive block are arranged sequentially, and the magnetically conductive block is located on the side of the first magnet closer to the air gap, the second direction being a direction closer to or farther from the air gap.

[0008] Optionally, the magnetization direction of the first magnet is the second direction, and the magnetization direction of the second magnet is the first direction; along the first direction, the magnetization directions of the first magnets in two adjacent first magnetic pole units are opposite; the magnetization direction of the second magnet located between two adjacent first magnetic pole units is from the side of the adjacent two first magnetic pole units where the magnetization direction is away from the first magnet in the air gap, to the side of the adjacent two first magnetic pole units where the magnetization direction is towards the first magnet in the air gap.

[0009] Optionally, the permanent magnet assembly further includes a magnetic guide plate disposed on the side of the plurality of first magnetic pole units and the plurality of second magnets away from the air gap, wherein the first magnets are located between the magnetic guide plate and the magnetic guide block.

[0010] Optionally, at least one of the magnetically conductive blocks extends from the side of the corresponding first magnet near the air gap to the periphery of the first magnet and is connected to the magnetically conductive plate, so that the first magnet is at least partially disposed within the accommodating space jointly defined by the magnetically conductive block and the magnetically conductive plate.

[0011] Optionally, in the cross section defined by the first direction and the second direction, at least a portion of the outer contour of the first magnetic pole unit and at least a portion of the outer contour of the second magnet are trapezoidal; along the direction close to the air gap, the size of the first magnetic pole unit in the first direction gradually increases, and the size of the second magnet in the first direction gradually decreases; or, along the direction close to the air gap, the size of the first magnetic pole unit in the first direction gradually decreases, and the size of the second magnet in the first direction gradually increases.

[0012] Optionally, for the trapezoidal first magnetic pole unit, the outer contour of the first magnet and the outer contour of the corresponding magnetic conductive block are both trapezoidal in the cross section defined by the first direction and the second direction; along the direction close to the air gap, the dimensions of the first magnet and the corresponding magnetic conductive block in the first direction gradually increase or gradually decrease, so that the first magnet and the corresponding magnetic conductive block together form the trapezoidal outer contour of the first magnetic pole unit.

[0013] Optionally, the push rod assembly includes a first push rod and a second push rod. The first push rod is located inside the cylinder and has a plurality of coil mounting surfaces arranged sequentially along the outer periphery of the first push rod. The number of coil assemblies is plurality of, and the plurality of coil assemblies are respectively disposed on the plurality of coil mounting surfaces. The second push rod is fixedly connected to the first push rod, and at least a portion of the second push rod extends out of the cylinder.

[0014] Optionally, the first push rod is provided with a plurality of liquid pipes, which form a cooling channel; at least a portion of the cooling channel extends along the first direction and is located inside the plurality of coil assemblies, and the cooling channel is used to supply cooling medium flow to cool the plurality of coil assemblies.

[0015] Optionally, the electromagnetic damper further includes a guide shaft and a guide ring; the guide shaft is fixed relative to the cylinder and extends along the first direction; the first push rod is provided with a guide hole, at least part of the guide shaft extends into the guide hole, and the guide ring is disposed in the guide hole and located between the guide shaft and the first push rod.

[0016] Another object of the present invention is to provide a vehicle to improve the electromagnetic output performance and shock absorption stability of the vehicle's shock absorption system.

[0017] To achieve this objective, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: The present invention also provides a vehicle comprising a body end, a wheel-side structure, and the aforementioned electromagnetic shock absorber; the cylinder is connected to the body end, and the push rod assembly is connected to the wheel-side structure.

[0018] Beneficial effects: The electromagnetic damper provided by this invention has a coil assembly and a push rod assembly that are fixed relative to each other, and a permanent magnet assembly that is fixed relative to the cylinder. The permanent magnet assembly is located outside the coil assembly and forms an air gap with the coil assembly, which is beneficial for forming a stable electromagnetic action area when the cylinder and the push rod assembly move relative to each other. Meanwhile, the first magnetic pole unit in the permanent magnet assembly includes a first magnet and a magnetic guide block. The magnetic guide block is located on the side of the first magnet near the air gap and is alternately arranged with the second magnet along a first direction. This is beneficial for replacing part of the magnet structure with the magnetic guide block and improving the magnetic field distribution on the air gap side, thereby reducing the amount of magnet used and improving the magnetic field utilization rate and the output performance of the electromagnetic damper.

[0019] The vehicle provided by the present invention includes the above-mentioned electromagnetic shock absorber, which is beneficial to improving the electromagnetic output performance and shock absorption stability of the vehicle's shock absorption system. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electromagnetic shock absorber according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 The diagram shows a cross-sectional view of the electromagnetic damper taken along the central axis of the guide shaft. Figure 3 for Figure 1 The diagram shows a top view of the electromagnetic shock absorber. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the permanent magnet assembly according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the permanent magnet assembly according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the permanent magnet assembly according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the permanent magnet assembly according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electromagnetic mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a simulated magnetic field density distribution diagram of a standard Halbach array; Figure 10 This is a simulated magnetic field density distribution diagram of a permanent magnet component according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0021] In the picture: 100. Body connecting parts; 200. Wheel connecting parts; 10. Cylinder body; 11. First support seat; 12. Second support seat; 20. Push rod assembly; 21. First push rod; 211. Guide hole; 22. Second push rod; 30. Elastic components; 40. Electromagnetic mechanism; 41. Coil assembly; 411. Iron core; 412. Winding; 42. Permanent magnet assembly; 421. First magnet; 422. Magnetic guide block; 423. Second magnet; 43. Magnetic guide plate; 50. Liquid pipelines; 60. Guide shaft; 61. Guide ring; D1, first direction; D2, second direction. Detailed Implementation

[0022] Exemplary embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that these specific descriptions are for teaching those skilled in the art how to implement the invention, and are not intended to exhaustively describe all possible embodiments of the invention, nor to limit the scope of the invention.

[0023] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected," "linked," and "fixed" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0024] In this invention, "relatively fixed" means that the two components are kept in a fixed relative position and can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate structure.

[0025] For ease of description, the direction in which the push rod assembly 20 moves relative to the cylinder 10 is defined as the first direction D1, and the direction towards or away from the air gap is defined as the second direction D2. The invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0026] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides an electromagnetic shock absorber for installation between the vehicle body and wheel side structures. The electromagnetic shock absorber includes a cylinder 10, a push rod assembly 20, an elastic element 30, and an electromagnetic mechanism 40. The push rod assembly 20 is movably disposed within the cylinder 10 along a first direction D1. One end of the elastic element 30 is connected to the cylinder 10, and the other end of the elastic element 30 is connected to the push rod assembly 20 to provide elastic support between the cylinder 10 and the push rod assembly 20. The electromagnetic mechanism 40 includes a coil assembly 41 and a permanent magnet assembly 42. The coil assembly 41 is fixed relative to the push rod assembly 20, and the permanent magnet assembly 42 is fixed relative to the cylinder 10.

[0027] Specifically, the permanent magnet assembly 42 is located outside the coil assembly 41 and is spaced apart from the coil assembly 41 to form an air gap. The coil assembly 41 and the permanent magnet assembly 42 are movable relative to each other along a first direction D1. The permanent magnet assembly 42 includes a plurality of first magnetic pole units and a plurality of second magnets 423, which are alternately arranged along the first direction D1. The first magnetic pole unit includes a first magnet 421 and a magnetically conductive block 422. In the second direction D2, the first magnet 421 and the magnetically conductive block 422 are arranged sequentially, and the magnetically conductive block 422 is located on the side of the first magnet 421 closer to the air gap.

[0028] During operation, the cylinder 10 and the push rod assembly 20 are two relatively movable components in the electromagnetic damper. When the push rod assembly 20 is excited by an external force and moves relative to the cylinder 10 along the first direction D1, the coil assembly 41 moves synchronously with the push rod assembly 20 and moves relative to the permanent magnet assembly 42, which is fixed relative to the cylinder 10. After being energized, the coil assembly 41 can generate an electromagnetic force with the permanent magnet assembly 42. This electromagnetic force acts between the cylinder 10 and the push rod assembly 20 to adjust the relative movement between them; the elastic element 30 provides elastic support between the cylinder 10 and the push rod assembly 20.

[0029] With the above configuration, the coil assembly 41 is fixed relative to the push rod assembly 20, and the permanent magnet assembly 42 is fixed relative to the cylinder 10. The permanent magnet assembly 42 is located outside the coil assembly 41 and forms an air gap with it, which is beneficial for forming a stable electromagnetic action area when the cylinder 10 and the push rod assembly 20 move relative to each other. Simultaneously, the first magnetic pole unit includes a first magnet 421 and a magnetically conductive block 422 located near the air gap side of the first magnet 421. Replacing part of the magnet structure with the magnetically conductive block 422 helps reduce the amount of magnet used and improves the magnetic field distribution of the permanent magnet assembly 42 near the air gap side, thereby improving the magnetic field utilization rate and the output performance of the electromagnetic damper.

[0030] like Figures 4 to 7 As shown, the magnetization direction of the first magnet 421 is the second direction D2, and the magnetization direction of the second magnet 423 is the first direction D1. The air gap is located above the permanent magnet assembly 42. Therefore, when the magnetization direction of the first magnet 421 is upward, it means that the first magnet 421 is magnetized towards the air gap; when the magnetization direction of the first magnet 421 is downward, it means that the first magnet 421 is magnetized away from the air gap.

[0031] Furthermore, the magnetization directions of the first magnets 421 in two adjacent first magnetic pole units along the first direction D1 are opposite. For the second magnet 423 located between two adjacent first magnetic pole units, the magnetization direction of the second magnet 423 points from the side away from the first magnet 421 magnetized in the air gap to the side towards the first magnet 421 magnetized in the air gap.

[0032] Figure 4 Two magnetization direction arrangements of the permanent magnet assembly 42 in Embodiment 1 are shown. In both arrangements, the multiple first magnetic pole units and multiple second magnets 423 have the same structural arrangement, the difference being that the magnetization directions of the first magnets 421 and the second magnets 423 are opposite.

[0033] For example, in Figure 4 In the arrangement shown above, when the first magnet 421 located to the left of the second magnet 423 is magnetized towards the air gap, and the first magnet 421 located to the right of the second magnet 423 is magnetized away from the air gap, the second magnet 423 is magnetized from right to left; when the first magnet 421 located to the left of the second magnet 423 is magnetized away from the air gap, and the first magnet 421 located to the right of the second magnet 423 is magnetized towards the air gap, the second magnet 423 is magnetized from left to right. Figure 4 The arrangement shown on the bottom is the same as Figure 4 Compared to the arrangement shown above, the magnetization directions of each first magnet 421 are reversed, and correspondingly, the magnetization directions of each second magnet 423 are also reversed.

[0034] By setting the magnetization direction as described above, the first magnet 421 and the second magnet 423 can form a magnetization direction that alternates along the first direction D1, causing the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet assembly 42 to be distributed more towards the side closer to the air gap. Simultaneously, the magnetic guide block 422, located on the side of the first magnet 421 closer to the air gap, can replace part of the magnet structure and participate in guiding the magnetic flux. This helps to improve the magnetic field utilization rate of the permanent magnet assembly 42 near the air gap and the output performance of the electromagnetic mechanism 40 while reducing the amount of magnets used.

[0035] Figure 9 and Figure 10 The simulated magnetic field density distributions of a standard Halbach array and the permanent magnet component 42 in this embodiment are shown respectively. According to the simulated magnetic field density distributions, compared to a standard Halbach array, the permanent magnet component 42 in this embodiment, even after replacing part of the magnet structure with a magnetically conductive block 422, can still form a relatively continuous high magnetic field density region near the air gap. This demonstrates that the permanent magnet component 42 in this embodiment can maintain a good magnetic field distribution on the air gap side while reducing the amount of magnets used.

[0036] like Figures 4 to 7As shown, the permanent magnet assembly 42 also includes a magnetic guide plate 43, which is disposed on the side away from the air gap of the plurality of first magnetic pole units and the plurality of second magnets 423. Specifically, the first magnets 421 and the second magnets 423 are both disposed on the side of the magnetic guide plate 43 near the air gap, and the first magnets 421 are located between the magnetic guide plate 43 and the corresponding magnetic guide blocks 422. By setting the magnetic guide plate 43, a magnetically conductive foundation can be formed on the side of the permanent magnet assembly 42 away from the air gap, so that the magnetic guide plate 43, the first magnets 421, the second magnets 423 and the magnetic guide blocks 422 cooperate to form a magnetic circuit, thereby reducing magnetic flux leakage on the side away from the air gap and improving the magnetic field utilization rate on the side near the air gap.

[0037] like Figure 5 As shown, in Embodiment 2, at least one magnetically conductive block 422 can extend from the side of the corresponding first magnet 421 near the air gap to the periphery of the first magnet 421 and connect with the magnetically conductive plate 43. That is, the magnetically conductive block 422 can not only be disposed on the side of the first magnet 421 near the air gap, but can also extend to at least a portion of the outer periphery of the first magnet 421, so that the first magnet 421 is at least partially disposed within the accommodating space jointly defined by the magnetically conductive block 422 and the magnetically conductive plate 43.

[0038] Specifically, Figure 5 Two examples of the connection between the magnetic block 422 and the magnetic plate 43 in Embodiment 2 are shown. Figure 5 upper side and Figure 5 In the structure shown below, the magnetically conductive blocks 422 all extend from the side of the first magnet 421 near the air gap to the outer periphery of the first magnet 421 and are connected to the magnetically conductive plate 43. The main difference between the two is that the magnetization directions of the first magnet 421 and the second magnet 423 are opposite. Therefore, it can be seen that, while maintaining the connection structure between the magnetically conductive blocks 422 and the magnetically conductive plate 43, the arrangement of the magnetization directions of the first magnet 421 and the second magnet 423 can be adjusted according to the magnetic circuit design requirements.

[0039] With the above configuration, the magnetic block 422 and the magnetic plate 43 can form a continuous magnetic structure, which is beneficial to optimize the magnetic flux path around the first magnet 421, reduce magnetic flux loss, and improve the magnetic field distribution of the permanent magnet assembly 42 near the air gap.

[0040] like Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown in Embodiments 3 and 4, in the cross-section defined by the first direction D1 and the second direction D2, at least a portion of the outer contour of the first magnetic pole unit and at least a portion of the outer contour of the second magnet 423 are trapezoidal. Specifically, the first magnetic pole unit and the second magnet 423 can form a complementary trapezoidal arrangement structure. That is, along the direction close to the air gap, the size of one of the first magnetic pole unit and the second magnet 423 gradually increases in the first direction D1, while the size of the other gradually decreases in the first direction D1, thereby enabling adjacent first magnetic pole units and second magnets 423 to be compactly arranged in the first direction D1.

[0041] See Figure 6 In Embodiment 3, along the direction close to the air gap, the size of the first magnetic pole unit gradually decreases in the first direction D1, and the size of the second magnet 423 gradually increases in the first direction D1. That is, the side of the first magnetic pole unit close to the air gap is narrower, and the side of the second magnet 423 close to the air gap is wider.

[0042] See Figure 7 In Embodiment 4, along the direction close to the air gap, the size of the first magnetic pole unit gradually increases in the first direction D1, and the size of the second magnet 423 gradually decreases in the first direction D1. That is, the side of the first magnetic pole unit close to the air gap is wider, and the side of the second magnet 423 close to the air gap is narrower.

[0043] Furthermore, in Embodiments 3 and 4, for the trapezoidal first magnetic pole unit, the outer contour of the first magnet 421 and the outer contour of the corresponding magnetically conductive block 422 can both be trapezoidal in the cross section defined by the first direction D1 and the second direction D2. The shape of the magnetically conductive block 422 can match the shape of the corresponding first magnet 421, so that the magnetically conductive block 422, as part of the first magnetic pole unit, jointly forms a trapezoidal magnetic pole structure.

[0044] It should be noted that in any of the trapezoidal arrangement structures mentioned above, the first magnet 421 and the second magnet 423 can be arranged in the aforementioned magnetization direction; alternatively, while keeping the trapezoidal arrangement structure unchanged, the magnetization directions of the first magnet 421 and the second magnet 423 can be reversed to meet different magnetic circuit design requirements.

[0045] With the above configuration, the first magnetic pole unit and the second magnet 423 can form a complementary trapezoidal arrangement in the first direction D1, which is beneficial to improve the structural compactness of the permanent magnet assembly 42 and improve the magnetic circuit transition effect between the first magnetic pole unit and the second magnet 423. At the same time, the first magnet 421 and the magnetic guide block 422 together form a trapezoidal magnetic pole structure, which is beneficial to reduce the amount of the first magnet 421 while maintaining the stability of the magnetic field distribution of the first magnetic pole unit near the air gap side.

[0046] Optionally, both the magnetic plate 43 and the magnetic block 422 can be made of soft magnetic materials, such as low-carbon steel, electrical pure iron, silicon steel, soft magnetic alloys, or soft magnetic composite materials. By using soft magnetic materials, the magnetic plate 43 and the magnetic block 422 can reduce the magnetic circuit resistance and improve the magnetic flux conduction efficiency, thereby improving the magnetic field distribution of the permanent magnet assembly 42 near the air gap side.

[0047] like Figure 8 As shown, the coil assembly 41 may include an iron core 411 and a winding 412, with the winding 412 wound around the iron core 411. The winding 412 may be a three-phase winding. The coil assembly 41 may be electrically connected to an external power supply or power drive module to generate a magnetic field when energized. Thus, the coil assembly 41 can cooperate with the permanent magnet assembly 42 to generate an electromagnetic force, thereby adjusting the relative movement between the cylinder 10 and the push rod assembly 20.

[0048] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the cylinder 10 serves as the relatively fixed side structure of the electromagnetic shock absorber, used for connection to the vehicle body end. Specifically, the electromagnetic shock absorber may include a body connector 100, which is connected to the cylinder 10 and used for connection to the vehicle body end. The permanent magnet assembly 42 is disposed inside the cylinder 10 and is fixed relative to the cylinder 10.

[0049] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the pushrod assembly 20 serves as the relative motion side structure of the electromagnetic damper, used for connection to the wheel-side structure of a vehicle. Specifically, the pushrod assembly 20 includes a first pushrod 21 and a second pushrod 22. The first pushrod 21 is located inside the cylinder 10 and is movable relative to the cylinder 10 along a first direction D1; the second pushrod 22 is connected to the first pushrod 21, and at least a portion of the second pushrod 22 extends out of the cylinder 10. The first pushrod 21 primarily supports the coil assembly 41, and the second pushrod 22 primarily connects to the wheel-side structure of the vehicle and transmits axial force. Optionally, the end of the second pushrod 22 away from the first pushrod 21 can be connected to a wheel connector 200, which is used for connection to the wheel-side structure of the vehicle.

[0050] It should be noted that the body connector 100 and the wheel connector 200 can both adopt connection structures commonly used in the field, as long as they can achieve reliable connection between the cylinder 10 and the body end, and between the push rod assembly 20 and the wheel side structure, respectively. Their specific structures will not be described in detail here.

[0051] Optionally, the first push rod 21 and the second push rod 22 can be coaxially arranged, and the radial dimension of the second push rod 22 can be smaller than the radial dimension of the first push rod 21, so that the second push rod 22 extends out of the cylinder 10 and connects to the external connecting structure. The first push rod 21 and the second push rod 22 can be integrally formed or separate structures and are fixedly connected by welding, threaded connection, fastener connection or interference fit.

[0052] Optionally, the first push rod 21 can be a tubular structure, and the cross-section of the first push rod 21 can be multifaceted to form multiple coil mounting surfaces on the outer periphery of the first push rod 21. See also Figure 3 Multiple coil mounting surfaces are sequentially arranged along the outer periphery of the first push rod 21, and multiple coil assemblies 41 are respectively disposed on the multiple coil mounting surfaces. Correspondingly, multiple permanent magnet mounting surfaces are formed on the inner side of the cylinder 10, and multiple permanent magnet assemblies 42 are respectively disposed on the multiple permanent magnet mounting surfaces. The multiple permanent magnet mounting surfaces are arranged one-to-one with the multiple coil mounting surfaces, and each permanent magnet mounting surface is arranged opposite to the corresponding coil mounting surface, so that a corresponding air gap is formed between each permanent magnet assembly 42 and the corresponding coil assembly 41.

[0053] It should be noted that the cylinder 10 is not limited to a cylindrical structure. The cylinder 10 can be a cylindrical structure with a polygonal or irregular cross-section, as long as its inner side can form a permanent magnet mounting surface for mounting the permanent magnet assembly 42. In this embodiment, see... Figure 3 Taking the cross-section of the first push rod 21 as a triangle as an example, three coil mounting surfaces are formed on the outer periphery of the first push rod 21, and three coil assemblies 41 are respectively set on the three coil mounting surfaces; three permanent magnet mounting surfaces are correspondingly formed on the inner side of the cylinder 10, and three permanent magnet assemblies 42 are respectively set on the three permanent magnet mounting surfaces.

[0054] In other embodiments, the first push rod 21 may also form four, five, or more coil mounting surfaces to correspondingly mount four, five, or more coil assemblies 41; the inner side of the cylinder 10 may also correspondingly form four, five, or more permanent magnet mounting surfaces to correspondingly mount four, five, or more permanent magnet assemblies 42. In this way, the number of coil assemblies 41 and permanent magnet assemblies 42 can be adjusted according to the thrust requirements of the electromagnetic damper and the installation space.

[0055] Therefore, the electromagnetic force generated by the coil assembly 41 can be transmitted to the wheel side structure of the vehicle through the first push rod 21, the second push rod 22 and the wheel connector 200; the reaction force received by the permanent magnet assembly 42 can be transmitted to the vehicle body end through the cylinder 10 and the body connector 100, thereby forming an electromagnetic adjustment effect between the vehicle body end and the wheel side structure.

[0056] like Figure 2As shown, the electromagnetic damper also includes a guide shaft 60 and a guide ring 61. The guide shaft 60 is fixed relative to the cylinder 10 and extends along the first direction D1. The first push rod 21 is provided with a guide hole 211, at least a portion of the guide shaft 60 extends into the guide hole 211, and the guide ring 61 is disposed in the guide hole 211 and located between the guide shaft 60 and the first push rod 21.

[0057] Specifically, one end of the guide shaft 60 can be fixed relative to the cylinder 10 or the vehicle body connector 100, and the other end extends into the guide hole 211 and slides in cooperation with the first push rod 21. During operation, the cooperation between the guide shaft 60 and the guide hole 211 can guide the movement direction of the first push rod 21. The guide ring 61 can reduce the friction between the guide shaft 60 and the first push rod 21 and reduce the wobble of the first push rod 21 during its movement, thereby helping to maintain the stability of the air gap between the coil assembly 41 and the permanent magnet assembly 42.

[0058] like Figure 3 As shown, the first push rod 21 has multiple liquid channels 50 inside, which form a cooling channel. At least a portion of the cooling channel extends along a first direction D1 and is located inside the multiple coil assemblies 41. The cooling channel is used for the flow of cooling medium to cool the multiple coil assemblies 41. Since the multiple coil assemblies 41 are located on the outer periphery of the first push rod 21, and the cooling channel is located inside the first push rod 21 and inside the multiple coil assemblies 41, the cooling medium can carry away the heat generated during operation from the inside of the coil assemblies 41.

[0059] Specifically, multiple liquid pipes 50 can extend axially along the first push rod 21 and correspond to multiple coil mounting surfaces, so that all coil mounting surfaces can be cooled. Optionally, the multiple liquid pipes 50 can be interconnected to form a liquid flow loop. The cooling medium can be water, coolant, or other liquid media suitable for vehicle thermal management systems. To facilitate the inflow and outflow of the cooling medium, the first push rod 21 can also be provided with an inlet and an outlet communicating with the cooling channel.

[0060] During operation, external forces are transmitted to the first push rod 21 via the wheel connector 200 and the second push rod 22. The first push rod 21 drives the coil assembly 41 to move relative to the cylinder 10 and the permanent magnet assembly 42 along the first direction D1. When the coil assembly 41 is energized, it can generate an electromagnetic force with the permanent magnet assembly 42 to adjust the relative movement between the cylinder 10 and the push rod assembly 20. The heat generated when the coil assembly 41 is energized can be transferred to the first push rod 21 and carried away by the cooling medium in the cooling channel inside the first push rod 21, thereby reducing the temperature rise of the coil assembly 41 and improving the continuous output capability and operational reliability of the electromagnetic shock absorber.

[0061] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the electromagnetic damper also includes a first support 11 and a second support 12. The first support 11 is disposed on the outer side of the cylinder 10 and is fixed relative to the cylinder 10; the second support 12 is disposed on the side of the push rod assembly 20 away from the cylinder 10 and is fixedly disposed with the second push rod 22. An elastic element 30 is sleeved on the outer side of the push rod assembly 20, with one end of the elastic element 30 supported by the first support 11 and the other end of the elastic element 30 supported by the second support 12. Thus, the elastic element 30 can connect the cylinder 10 and the push rod assembly 20 and provide elastic support when the push rod assembly 20 moves relative to the cylinder 10 along the first direction D1.

[0062] Optionally, the elastic element 30 can be a spring, such as a coil spring, compression spring, or other elastic structure capable of providing elastic support between the cylinder 10 and the push rod assembly 20. Springs are commonly used elastic support elements in the art, and their specific structures and working principles will not be described in detail here.

[0063] The electromagnetic damper provided by this invention sets the coil assembly 41 on the push rod assembly 20 and the permanent magnet assembly 42 on the cylinder 10, so that the coil assembly 41 can move relative to the permanent magnet assembly 42 along the first direction D1 with the push rod assembly 20, thereby forming an electromagnetic adjustment effect between the cylinder 10 and the push rod assembly 20. At the same time, by setting the first magnet 421, the second magnet 423, the magnetic block 422 and the magnetic plate 43 in the permanent magnet assembly 42, the magnetic field distribution on the air gap side can be improved while reducing the amount of magnets used, thereby improving the magnetic field utilization rate and electromagnetic output performance. Furthermore, by using the first push rod 21 to carry multiple coil assemblies 41 and setting a cooling channel, it is beneficial to reduce the operating temperature rise of the coil assembly 41 and improve the continuous working capacity and structural reliability of the electromagnetic damper.

[0064] This embodiment also provides a vehicle, which includes a body end, a wheel side structure, and the aforementioned electromagnetic shock absorber. The electromagnetic shock absorber is disposed between the body end and the wheel side structure, with the cylinder 10 connected to the body end and the push rod assembly 20 connected to the wheel side structure.

[0065] Specifically, the cylinder 10 can be connected to the vehicle body via the vehicle body connector 100, and the push rod assembly 20 can be connected to the wheel-side structure via the second push rod 22 and the wheel connector 200. The wheel-side structure can be a wheel, steering knuckle, suspension arm, or other structure that can move with the wheel. During vehicle operation, when the wheel-side structure moves relative to the vehicle body, the push rod assembly 20 can move relative to the cylinder 10 in the first direction D1, causing the coil assembly 41 to move relative to the permanent magnet assembly 42, thereby generating an electromagnetic adjustment effect between the vehicle body and the wheel-side structure.

[0066] The vehicle provided by this invention, by including the aforementioned electromagnetic shock absorber, is beneficial for improving the electromagnetic output performance and shock absorption stability of the vehicle's shock absorption system.

[0067] It is understood that in this invention, when the number of components or members is not specifically limited, the number can be one or more, where multiple refers to two or more. For cases where the number of components or members shown in the drawings and / or described in the specification is, for example, two, three, four, etc., this specific number is generally exemplary and not limiting, and can be understood as multiple, i.e., two or more; however, this does not mean that the invention excludes the case of one.

[0068] It should be understood that the above-described embodiments, examples, or examples are merely exemplary and are not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications and changes to the above-described embodiments, examples, or examples under the guidance of the present invention, without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electromagnetic shock absorber, characterized in that, include: cylindrical body (10); A push rod assembly (20) is movably inserted through the cylinder (10) along a first direction (D1). An elastic element (30) is provided, one end of which is connected to the cylinder (10), and the other end of which is connected to the push rod assembly (20). An electromagnetic mechanism (40) has a coil assembly (41) and a permanent magnet assembly (42). The coil assembly (41) is fixed relative to the push rod assembly (20), and the permanent magnet assembly (42) is fixed relative to the cylinder (10). The permanent magnet assembly (42) is located outside the coil assembly (41) and is spaced apart from the coil assembly (41) to form an air gap. The coil assembly (41) and the permanent magnet assembly (42) are capable of moving relative to each other along the first direction (D1). The permanent magnet assembly (42) includes a plurality of first magnetic pole units and a plurality of second magnets (423), which are alternately arranged along the first direction (D1); The first magnetic pole unit includes a first magnet (421) and a magnetic guide block (422). In the second direction (D2), the first magnet (421) and the magnetic guide block (422) are arranged in sequence, and the magnetic guide block (422) is located on the side of the first magnet (421) close to the air gap. The second direction (D2) is the direction that is close to or away from the air gap.

2. The electromagnetic shock absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that, The magnetization direction of the first magnet (421) is the second direction (D2), and the magnetization direction of the second magnet (423) is the first direction (D1). Along the first direction (D1), the magnetization directions of the first magnets (421) in two adjacent first magnetic pole units are opposite; The magnetization direction of the second magnet (423) located between two adjacent first magnetic pole units is from the side of the first magnet (421) in the two adjacent first magnetic pole units where the magnetization direction is away from the air gap, to the side of the first magnet (421) in the two adjacent first magnetic pole units where the magnetization direction is towards the air gap.

3. The electromagnetic shock absorber according to claim 2, characterized in that, The permanent magnet assembly (42) further includes a magnetic guide plate (43), which is disposed on the side away from the air gap of the plurality of first magnetic pole units and the plurality of second magnets (423), and the first magnets (421) are located between the magnetic guide plate (43) and the magnetic guide block (422).

4. The electromagnetic damper according to claim 3, characterized in that, At least one of the magnetically conductive blocks (422) extends from the side of the corresponding first magnet (421) near the air gap to the periphery of the first magnet (421) and is connected to the magnetically conductive plate (43) such that the first magnet (421) is at least partially disposed within the accommodating space defined by the magnetically conductive block (422) and the magnetically conductive plate (43).

5. The electromagnetic damper according to claim 2, characterized in that, In the cross section defined by the first direction (D1) and the second direction (D2), at least a portion of the outer contour of the first magnetic pole unit and at least a portion of the outer contour of the second magnet (423) are trapezoidal; Along the direction close to the air gap, the size of the first magnetic pole unit gradually increases in the first direction (D1), and the size of the second magnet (423) gradually decreases in the first direction (D1); Alternatively, along the direction close to the air gap, the size of the first magnetic pole unit in the first direction (D1) gradually decreases, and the size of the second magnet (423) in the first direction (D1) gradually increases.

6. The electromagnetic shock absorber according to claim 5, characterized in that, For the first magnetic pole unit that is trapezoidal, the outer contour of the first magnet (421) and the outer contour of the corresponding magnetic guide block (422) are both trapezoidal in the cross section defined by the first direction (D1) and the second direction (D2); Along the direction close to the air gap, the dimensions of the first magnet (421) and the corresponding magnetic block (422) in the first direction (D1) gradually increase or gradually decrease, so that the first magnet (421) and the corresponding magnetic block (422) together form the trapezoidal outer contour of the first magnetic pole unit.

7. The electromagnetic shock absorber according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The push rod assembly (20) includes a first push rod (21) and a second push rod (22). The first push rod (21) is located inside the cylinder (10) and has a plurality of coil mounting surfaces arranged sequentially along the outer periphery of the first push rod (21). The number of coil assemblies (41) is multiple, and the multiple coil assemblies (41) are respectively disposed on multiple coil mounting surfaces; the second push rod (22) is fixedly connected to the first push rod (21), and at least part of the second push rod (22) extends out of the cylinder (10).

8. The electromagnetic damper according to claim 7, characterized in that, The first push rod (21) is provided with a plurality of liquid pipes (50), and the plurality of liquid pipes (50) form a cooling flow channel; At least a portion of the cooling channels extend along the first direction (D1) and are located inside the plurality of coil assemblies (41), the cooling channels being used for the flow of cooling medium to cool the plurality of coil assemblies (41).

9. The electromagnetic damper according to claim 7, characterized in that, The electromagnetic damper also includes a guide shaft (60) and a guide ring (61). The guide shaft (60) is fixed relative to the cylinder (10) and extends along the first direction (D1); The first push rod (21) is provided with a guide hole (211), at least part of the guide shaft (60) extends into the guide hole (211), and the guide ring (61) is disposed in the guide hole (211) and located between the guide shaft (60) and the first push rod (21).

10. A vehicle, characterized in that, Includes the vehicle body end, wheel side structure, and electromagnetic shock absorber as described in any one of claims 1 to 9; The cylinder (10) is connected to the vehicle body end, and the push rod assembly (20) is connected to the wheel side structure.

Images