A frequency and damping ratio dynamically adjusted cylindrical TLD and a method for adjusting the same

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of frequency and damping ratio dynamic adjustment's cylindrical TLD and its adjusting method, including circular water tank and liquid being arranged in it, several cross-section dampers are vertically arranged in the inside of circular water tank, to increase the basic damping ratio of TLD;Dampers are connected with lifting driving device, the depth of immersion liquid is adjusted up and down along its axis by lifting driving device driving damper, realize the frequency and damping ratio synchronous dynamic adjustment of cylindrical TLD;Dampers can rotate freely, can automatically track the direction of wind-induced vibration of super high building or other structures, maintain the stable equilibrium position of the two blades of cross-section damper with liquid sloshing direction 45 ° angle, and keep maximum peak damping ratio;The cylindrical TLD of the application has the advantages of high basic damping ratio, frequency and damping ratio can be dynamically adjusted, self-adapting to damping direction, overcome many drawbacks of existing TLD, lay a solid technical foundation for TLD wide range popularization and application.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wind-induced vibration control technology for super high-rise buildings and other structures, specifically to a cylindrical TLD with dynamic frequency and damping ratio adjustment and its adjustment method. Background Technology

[0002] Tuned liquid dampers (TLDs) utilize the inertia and viscous damping of sloshing liquid within a container to attenuate wind-induced vibrations in supertall buildings and other structures. Due to their simple construction, low cost, and maintenance-free operation, they are widely used in supertall buildings and wind turbine towers. Traditional cylindrical TLDs primarily rely on the friction of the liquid on smooth surfaces and limited hydraulic jumps to reduce the amplitude of wind-induced vibrations in tall buildings and structures. However, their inherent damping ratio is extremely low, typically less than 0.5%, far from the theoretical optimal damping ratio of 3%-8%, thus limiting their performance. Furthermore, the operating frequency of TLDs is extremely narrow, almost a fixed value, while the frequencies of supertall buildings and other structures drift slightly due to changes in environmental loads (such as increased amplitude caused by increased wind force). When the difference between the TLD's frequency and the natural frequency exceeds a certain threshold, the vibration reduction effect decreases significantly.

[0003] To address the shortcomings of existing TLDs, current research focuses on two main aspects: first, increasing the damping ratio; and second, increasing the operating bandwidth of the TLD.

[0004] Existing technologies for increasing the damping ratio involve adding fixed baffles, grilles, or damping columns within the water tank to induce vortices and increase energy dissipation through forced water flow. However, these technologies generally suffer from the following drawbacks: 1. The damping ratio is not adjustable. Baffles or damping columns are mostly fixed, resulting in constant energy dissipation characteristics and a narrow adjustment range for the damping ratio. This makes it impossible to adjust the ratio according to changes in the actual vibration frequency of super high-rise buildings and other structures, leading to poor adaptability. 2. Poor adaptability to wind-induced load direction: The damping produced by simple vertical plates or damping columns is directly related to the wind-induced load direction. Taking a cross-shaped damping column as an example, when the direction of liquid sloshing (i.e., the direction of wind-induced vibration of supertall buildings and other structures) is parallel to a certain blade, only a single blade is effectively facing the flow, while the other blade is in a downstream state. Therefore, the damping effect is one state. When the direction of liquid sloshing changes (actually, the direction of wind-induced load changes), the damping effect will present another state, and the damping ratio will change. However, this change in the damping ratio is only related to the direction of wind-induced load and cannot be artificially controlled. Therefore, the adaptability to wind-induced load direction is poor, and wind-induced loads in different directions will lead to different vibration reduction effects of TLDs. 3. The operating frequency of existing TLDs cannot be dynamically adjusted according to actual working conditions. Their operating frequency band is extremely narrow, making it difficult to adapt to the shift in wind-induced vibration frequency of supertall buildings and other structures caused by amplitude changes.

[0005] Increasing the operating bandwidth of the TLD (Transient Liquid Depression) is used to solve frequency misalignment. The main technical solution is TLD frequency adjustment. For example, existing solutions use variable liquid depth to achieve active tuning, but this solution changes the liquid depth slowly, so the control response speed is also slow, and it fails to solve the problem of poor adaptability to wind-induced load direction.

[0006] The problems existing in the aforementioned TLDs have hindered their wider application. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a TLD device with a high basic damping ratio, the ability to adjust frequency and damping ratio characteristics in real time, and good adaptability to multi-directional vibrations. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the shortcomings of existing TLD technology, this invention provides a cylindrical TLD with high basic damping ratio, dynamic adjustment of frequency and damping ratio, and good adaptability to damping direction, laying a solid technical foundation for its wider application.

[0008] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a cylindrical TLD with dynamic adjustment of frequency and damping ratio, comprising a circular water tank and a liquid disposed therein, wherein a plurality of damping columns with cross-shaped cross sections are arranged in an array and rotated inside the circular water tank, and the damping columns with cross-shaped cross sections are connected to a lifting drive device; the lifting drive device drives the damping columns to adjust the depth of immersion in the liquid up and down along their axis, thereby realizing the dynamic adjustment of frequency and damping ratio of the cylindrical TLD.

[0009] Furthermore, the lifting drive device drives all the damping columns to adjust up and down along their axis; or the lifting drive device drives some of the damping columns to adjust up and down along their axis.

[0010] Furthermore, the cross-shaped cross section of the damping column is composed of two mutually perpendicular rectangular blades with equal width.

[0011] Furthermore, the damping column can rotate freely around its axis. When the cylindrical TLD is working, the sloshing liquid generates a hydrodynamic torque that drives its rotation, so that the rectangular blades of the cross-shaped section of the damping column automatically form a 45° angle with the direction of liquid sloshing; or the damping column is connected to a rotary drive device, which drives its rotation, so that the angle between the rectangular blades of the cross-shaped section of the damping column and the direction of liquid sloshing can be adjusted between 0° and 45°.

[0012] Furthermore, among the several cross-shaped damping columns, one damping column whose axis coincides with the axis of the circular water tank is called the central damping column, and the remaining damping columns are called auxiliary damping columns. The auxiliary damping columns are evenly distributed around the axis of the circular water tank.

[0013] Furthermore, the width of the rectangular blade of the central damping column is equal to the width of the rectangular blade of the auxiliary damping column; or the width of the rectangular blade of the central damping column is greater than the width of the rectangular blade of the auxiliary damping column.

[0014] Furthermore, it also includes an outer frame, with a cylindrical TLD fixedly mounted on the outer frame.

[0015] Furthermore, it also includes a data processing control unit; the data processing control unit includes a data acquisition unit, a computer, a controller, an interactive device, a displacement sensor, and a wave height meter. The displacement sensor is fixedly mounted on the outer frame, and the wave height meter is fixedly mounted in a circular water tank; the computer is electrically connected to the data acquisition unit, the controller, and the interactive device, and the data acquisition unit is electrically connected to the displacement sensor and the wave height meter.

[0016] A method for dynamically adjusting the frequency and damping ratio of a cylindrical TLD includes the following steps: S1: A data acquisition unit collects displacement information from a displacement sensor fixedly mounted on the outer frame of the TLD and liquid level information from a wave height gauge fixedly mounted in a circular water tank at a set frequency. The data is transmitted to a computer, and after processing, the amplitude and frequency of the low-order displacement of the TLD outer frame and the amplitude and frequency of the low-order wave height of the liquid surface are obtained; S2: The difference between the frequency of the low-order displacement of the TLD outer frame and the frequency of the low-order wave height of the liquid surface is used to control the depth of the damping column immersed in the liquid, thereby achieving synchronous control of the operating frequency and damping ratio of the cylindrical TLD.

[0017] Furthermore, after the operating frequency of the cylindrical TLD is tuned, the damping ratio of the cylindrical TLD can be independently controlled by controlling the angle between the rectangular blades of the cross-shaped damping column and the direction of liquid sloshing.

[0018] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: A cylindrical TLD with dynamic adjustment of frequency and damping ratio includes a circular water tank and a liquid disposed therein. Several damping columns with cross-shaped cross sections are vertically arranged inside the circular water tank to increase the basic damping ratio of the TLD. The damping columns are connected to a lifting drive device, which drives the damping columns to adjust their immersion depth in the liquid along their axis, thereby achieving synchronous dynamic adjustment of the frequency and damping ratio of the cylindrical TLD. The damping columns can rotate freely, and wind-induced vibrations in any direction in super-tall buildings and other structures will cause the liquid in the TLD to sway in the same direction as the vibration. When the liquid sloshes, the cross-shaped damping column automatically rotates to a stable equilibrium position where the two blades form a 45° angle with the direction of liquid sloshing. At this equilibrium position, both blades are in a highly efficient upstream state, where the vortex shedding intensity is at its maximum and the equivalent damping ratio reaches its peak. Therefore, the TLD can automatically track the direction of wind-induced vibration of super high-rise buildings and other structures, while maintaining the maximum peak damping ratio. The cylindrical TLD of this invention has the advantages of high basic damping ratio, dynamic adjustment of frequency and damping ratio, and good adaptability to damping direction. It overcomes many drawbacks of existing TLDs and lays a solid technical foundation for the widespread application of TLDs. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the initial appearance of a cylindrical TLD with dynamic adjustment of frequency and damping ratio;

[0020] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the appearance of a cylindrical TLD in dynamic frequency and damping ratio adjustment state. Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a cylindrical TLD structure (the circular water tank is partially cut out). Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the water tank assembly structure; Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the damping column Figure 1 ; Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the damping column Figure 2 ;

[0021] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the damping column;

[0022] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the control board assembly.

[0023] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the assembled cylindrical TLD and control board assembly.

[0024] Figure 10 A partial cross-sectional schematic diagram showing the assembly relationship between the cylindrical TLD and the control board assembly;

[0025] Figure 11 for Figure 10 Enlarged schematic diagram of part A in the middle;

[0026] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the outer frame.

[0027] Figure 13 A schematic diagram showing the initial state of the damping column immersed in the liquid in a cylindrical TLD. Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram showing the state of the damping column in a cylindrical TLD after the immersion depth in the liquid has been adjusted.

[0028] Figure 15 A schematic diagram of a cylindrical TLD control structure for dynamic adjustment of frequency and damping ratio.

[0029] In the diagram: 1. Cylindrical TLD; 1.1 Water tank assembly; 1.1.1 Circular water tank; 1.1.2 Water tank cover; 1.1.3 Drive shaft guide sleeve; 1.1.4 Auxiliary guide column; 1.1.5 Manhole cover; 1.1.6 Water tank fixing plate; 1.2 Damping column; 1.2.1 Cross propeller column; 1.2.2 Lifting drive shaft; 1.2.3 Auxiliary guide pipe; 1.2.4 Auxiliary guide sleeve; 2. Control board assembly; 2.1 Control board; 2.2 Drive shaft connecting mechanism; 2.2.1 Bearing seat; 2.2.2 Bearing; 2.3 Control board guide sleeve; 2.4 Control board drive nut; 3. Outer frame; 3.1 Base; 3.2 Column; 3.2.1 Frame fixing plate; 3.3 Top frame; 3.4 Control board guide column; 3.5 Drive screw; 3.5.1 Passive gear; 3.6 Drive system; 3.6.1 Servo motor; 3.6.2 Reducer; 3.6.3 Drive gear; 4. Data processing and control unit; 4.1 Data acquisition unit; 4.2 Computer; 4.3 Controller; 4.4 Interactive device; 4.5 Displacement sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The present invention will be explained in detail through the following embodiments. The purpose of disclosing the present invention is to protect all technical improvements within the scope of the present invention.

[0031] See the instruction manual appendix Figure 1 , 2 :

[0032] A cylindrical TLD with dynamically adjustable frequency and damping ratio includes a cylindrical TLD1, a control plate assembly 2, and an outer frame 3. The cylindrical TLD1 contains water and a damping column 1.2 with a cross-shaped cross section. A lifting drive device is installed on the upper part of the outer frame 3. The cylindrical TLD1 is fixedly installed in the outer frame 3, and the control plate assembly 2 is movably installed on the upper part of the cylindrical TLD1. The control plate assembly 2 is connected to the damping column 1.2 and the lifting drive device. The lifting drive device drives the damping column 1.2 to move up and down along its axis through the control plate assembly 2, adjusting the depth of the damping column 1.2 immersed in the water, thereby realizing the dynamic adjustment of the frequency and damping ratio of the cylindrical TLD1.

[0033] To facilitate the subsequent explanation of the working mechanism of this invention, a brief introduction to the working principle of the cylindrical TLD is given first: A tuned liquid damper (TLD) is a device that utilizes the inertia and viscosity of the sloshing liquid within a container to reduce wind-induced vibrations in supertall buildings and other structures. The vibration reduction mechanism of the TLD is as follows: through the sloshing of the liquid within a rigid tank, the energy of the wind-induced vibrations of supertall buildings and other structures is dissipated by the frictional force generated by the sloshing of the boundary layer liquid and the fragmented waves generated under strong excitation, thereby achieving control over the wind-induced vibrations of supertall buildings and other structures. Modal frequency is the core design parameter of the TLD. When the first-order modal frequency of the TLD is close to the natural frequency of the controlled structure and the damping ratio reaches its optimal value, the vibration reduction effect is optimal. A simple understanding of the optimal damping ratio is: for supertall buildings and other structures with small amplitude wind-induced vibrations, the required damping ratio of the TLD is relatively small; for supertall buildings and other structures with large amplitude wind-induced vibrations, the required damping ratio of the TLD is relatively large. For wind-induced vibrations of supertall buildings and other structures, the frequency remains essentially constant under small amplitude conditions. However, in strong winds, the vibration frequency decreases as the amplitude of wind-induced vibrations increases. Therefore, the optimal operating condition for a TLD (Transient Dynamic Damper) is that its first-order modal frequency and damping ratio can be adjusted according to the amplitude of wind-induced vibrations of supertall buildings and other structures, maintaining optimal coupling with the vibration amplitude and frequency to achieve the best vibration reduction effect. However, the frequency adjustment range of existing TLDs is extremely limited, failing to meet the frequency variations of supertall buildings and other structures within the range of small to large amplitudes. This is because the first-order sloshing frequency of a TLD without internal components is essentially fixed, and this frequency can be analytically solved using potential flow theory. For a rigid cylindrical water tank, when the liquid sloshes slightly, its natural frequency can be derived using potential flow theory, and the corresponding first-order natural frequency is:

[0034]

[0035] in, denoted as the first-order natural frequency; g is the acceleration due to gravity; R is the radius of the circular water tank; h is the liquid depth; that is, for a cylindrical TLD with pre-set parameters, the first-order sloshing frequency of the liquid (usually water) inside is a fixed value. Cylindrical liquid dampers (TLDs) without internal damping components often have low damping ratios, providing very limited vibration reduction for the structure. Therefore, damping components are usually installed inside the circular tank to increase the damping ratio. Cross-shaped damping columns 1.2 are a commonly used structural form. The damping ratio can be increased by changing the number, size, and arrangement of the damping columns 1.2. Numerous studies have demonstrated that the installation of damping columns 1.2 inside the tank also has a certain impact on the first-order natural frequency of the TLD. For example, this conclusion is drawn in the papers "Nonlinear modelling of tuned sloshing dampers with large internal obstructions: Damping and frequency effects" and "Modeling of tuned liquid dampers with paddles: Hydrodynamic effects and estimation." Furthermore, both papers indicate that a larger blade width of the cross-shaped damping column 1.2 can improve the damping ratio. Simultaneously, frequency shift curves show that when both the blade width and fluid response are large, the natural frequency of the TLD decreases significantly. Its frequency calculation can be performed by correcting the natural first-order sloshing frequency using empirical formulas.Furthermore, in the study of the influence of the angle between the cross-shaped damping column 1.2 and the direction of liquid sloshing on the first-order natural frequency and damping ratio of the TLD, a phenomenon was found: if the cross-shaped damping column 1.2 can rotate freely, when the sloshing liquid couples with the cross-shaped damping column 1.2, the cross-shaped damping column 1.2 will automatically rotate to a position with a 45° angle to the direction of liquid sloshing, that is, the angle between the rectangular blades of the cross-shaped section of the damping column 1.2 and the direction of liquid sloshing is 45°, and the damping ratio has its maximum value at this point. Further research found that when the damping column 1.2 can rotate freely, the shift in the first-order natural frequency of the TLD and the increase in the damping ratio are more significant. The explanation for this phenomenon is that when the freely rotating cross-shaped damping column 1.2 couples with the sloshing liquid... During operation, although the damping column 1.2 appears to be stationary at a 45° angle to the direction of liquid sloshing on a macroscopic level, it still exhibits oscillating coupling with the fluid on a microscopic level. This microscopic oscillating coupling generates additional rotational inertia, viscous energy dissipation, and frictional energy dissipation, resulting in a more significant frequency shift and a high damping ratio. Therefore, by using the automatically rotating damping column 1.2 to couple with the sloshing liquid, not only can efficient frequency and damping dual tuning be achieved, but also automatic tracking of the wind-induced vibration direction of super high-rise buildings and other structures can be realized, thereby maintaining the maximum peak damping ratio in all directions of wind-induced vibration. This characteristic of the freely rotating cross-section damping column 1.2 is particularly advantageous for TLD vibration reduction of structures such as wind turbine towers and TV towers with variable wind directions.

[0036] Example 1:

[0037] This embodiment details the specific implementation structure of a cylindrical TLD with dynamically adjustable frequency and damping ratio; see the appendix of the specification. Figure 3 The attached figure shows a cylindrical TLD structure. The circular water tank 1.1.1 is partially cut out to show the internal structure. The cylindrical TLD includes the water tank assembly 1.1 and the damping column 1.2.

[0038] See the instruction manual appendix Figure 4The water tank assembly 1.1 includes a circular water tank 1.1.1 and a water tank cover 1.1.2. The circular water tank 1.1.1 has a diameter of 2.0m and a total height of 2.22m, with an internal water filling height of 1.0m. Five auxiliary guide posts 1.1.4 are fixedly installed at the bottom of the circular water tank 1.1.1. One of the auxiliary guide posts 1.1.4 coincides with the axis of the circular water tank 1.1.1, and the other four auxiliary guide posts 1.1.4 are evenly distributed around the central auxiliary guide post 1.1.4. The peripheral auxiliary guide posts 1.1.4 and the central auxiliary guide post 1.1.4 are also included. The distance is set to 0.5m; the water tank cover 1.1.2 is fixedly installed on the upper part of the circular water tank 1.1.1, and five drive shaft guide sleeves 1.1.3 are fixedly installed on the water tank cover 1.1.2, whose axes are respectively aligned with the auxiliary guide posts 1.1.4 fixedly installed on the circular water tank 1.1.1; the water tank cover 1.1.2 is also provided with a maintenance manhole for construction or maintenance personnel to enter and exit, and a manhole cover 1.1.5 is provided at the maintenance manhole; a water tank fixing plate 1.1.6 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the circular water tank 1.1.1 for fixed connection with the outer frame 3;

[0039] See the instruction manual appendix Figure 5 , 6 7. The damping column 1.2 includes a cross-shaped propeller column 1.2.1 and a lifting drive shaft 1.2.2. The cross-shaped propeller column 1.2.1 is made of four rectangular blades welded vertically, with circular end plates welded to both the upper and lower ends. The total length of the cross-shaped propeller column 1.2.1 is 1.5m. A hollow auxiliary guide tube 1.2.3 is fixedly installed near the lower part of the four rectangular blades. An auxiliary guide sleeve 1.2.4 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the auxiliary guide tube 1.2.3. The lifting drive shaft 1.2.2 is fixedly installed at the upper end of the cross-shaped propeller column 1.2.1.

[0040] See the instruction manual appendix Figure 3The cross-shaped propeller column 1.2.1 at the lower part of the damping column 1.2 is movably installed inside the water tank assembly 1.1. The auxiliary guide column 1.1.4 is rotatably installed inside the auxiliary guide sleeve 1.2.4. The lifting drive shaft 1.2.2 passes through the drive shaft guide sleeve 1.1.3 and extends to the upper part of the water tank cover 1.1.2. The cross-shaped propeller column 1.2.1 (central damping column) located in the middle of the circular water tank 1.1.1 has a rectangular blade width of 200mm (the total width of the cross-shaped propeller column 1.2.1 is 400mm). The cross-shaped propeller columns 1.2.1 (auxiliary damping columns) evenly distributed around the central damping column have rectangular blade widths of 100mm (cross-shaped blades). The propeller column 1.2.1 has a total width of 200mm, a blade thickness of 20mm, and a sharp edge radius of 5mm. The blade size and position of the aforementioned cross propeller column 1.2.1 can maximize the damping ratio while controlling the total mass of the TLD. When the cross propeller column 1.2.1 of the damping column 1.2 moves up and down inside the water tank assembly 1.1, the upper and lower ends are respectively connected by the cooperation of the lifting drive shaft 1.2.2 and the drive shaft guide sleeve 1.1.3, and the cooperation of the auxiliary guide sleeve 1.2.4 and the auxiliary guide column 1.1.4 to form a rotational support at both ends, thus avoiding the deterioration of the stress conditions of the cross propeller column 1.2.1 due to the cantilever structure of the single-end support.

[0041] See the instruction manual appendix Figure 8 The control board assembly 2 includes a control board 2.1, a drive shaft connecting mechanism 2.2, a control board guide sleeve 2.3, and a control board drive nut 2.4. Five drive shaft connecting mechanisms 2.2 are fixedly mounted on the control board 2.1, with their central axis coinciding with the axis of the damping column 1.2. Two control board guide sleeves 2.3 and two control board drive nuts 2.4 are fixedly mounted around the control board 2.1 in a symmetrical, cross-shaped arrangement. (See attached instruction manual.) Figure 9 The control board assembly 2 is located on the upper part of the water tank cover 1.1.2. The upper end of the lifting drive shaft 1.2.2 is rotatably connected to the drive shaft connecting mechanism 2.2. When the control board assembly 2 moves up and down, the drive shaft connecting mechanism 2.2 drives the cross paddle column 1.2.1 to move up and down inside the circular water tank 1.1.1 through the lifting drive shaft 1.2.2, thereby adjusting the immersion depth of the cross paddle column 1.2.1. For the specific connection structure between the lifting drive shaft 1.2.2 and the drive shaft connecting mechanism 2.2, please refer to the appendix of the instruction manual. Figure 10 , 11The drive shaft connection mechanism 2.2 includes a bearing housing 2.2.1 and a bearing 2.2.2. The bearing housing 2.2.1 is fixedly connected to the control plate 2.1. Two sets of bearings 2.2.2 (angular contact ball bearings) are provided and are arranged back-to-back in the bearing housing 2.2.1. The upper end of the lifting drive shaft 1.2.2 is fixedly connected to the inner ring of the bearing 2.2.2 and can withstand traction forces in both vertical and horizontal directions. The above connection structure between the lifting drive shaft 1.2.2 and the drive shaft connection mechanism 2.2 allows the damping column 1.2 to rotate freely around its own axis and to move up and down under the drive of the drive shaft connection mechanism 2.2.

[0042] See the instruction manual appendix Figure 12 The outer frame 3 includes a base 3.1, columns 3.2, and a top frame 3.3. The base 3.1, columns 3.2, and top frame 3.3 are fixedly connected to form a stable frame structure. Four columns 3.2 are evenly distributed and fixedly installed around the base 3.1. A frame fixing plate 3.2.1 is installed on the inner side of each column 3.2 for fixed connection with the water tank fixing plate 1.1.6 installed on the outside of the circular water tank 1.1.1. The top frame 3.3 is fixedly installed on the top of the columns 3.2. A control plate guide post 3.4 is also fixedly installed between the columns 3.2 and the top frame 3.3, and a drive screw 3.5 is rotatably installed. A driven gear 3.5.1 is fixedly installed at the upper end of the drive screw 3.5. The top frame 3.3... The unit is also equipped with a drive system 3.6, which includes a servo motor 3.6.1 and a reducer 3.6.2. The servo motor 3.6.1 and the reducer 3.6.2 are fixedly mounted on the upper part of the top frame 3.3. The servo motor 3.6.1 and the reducer 3.6.2 are connected by a coupling. The reducer 3.6.2 has output shafts on both sides, and a drive gear 3.6.3 is fixedly mounted on the outer end of the output shaft. The drive gear 3.6.3 is meshed with the driven gear 3.5.1. When the servo motor 3.6.1 rotates, it is reduced in speed by the reducer 3.6.2, and then the drive gear 3.6.3 drives the driven gear 3.5.1 to rotate, which in turn drives the drive screw 3.5 to rotate.

[0043] See the instruction manual appendix Figure 13 , 14 The figure shows two working positions of the cross-shaped propeller 1.2.1; the cylindrical TLD1 is set on the upper part of the base 3.1 and is fixedly connected by the water tank fixing plate 1.1.6 and the frame fixing plate 3.2.1. The control plate guide sleeve 2.3 of the control plate assembly 2 is slidably connected to the control plate guide post 3.4, and the control plate drive nut 2.4 of the control plate assembly 2 is engaged with the drive screw 3.5, forming a cylindrical TLD with dynamic adjustment of frequency and damping ratio. The depth of the cross-shaped propeller 1.2.1 immersed in water of this cylindrical TLD is adjustable from 300mm to 1000mm.

[0044] Based on the structural parameters of the cylindrical TLD with dynamic frequency and damping ratio adjustment as described above, the calculation results of its operating frequency and damping ratio adjustment range are as follows:

[0045] Structural parameters:

[0046] 1.1.1 Circular water tank, diameter: 2000mm;

[0047] Water injection depth: 1000mm;

[0048] 1.2 Quantity and arrangement of damping columns: 5 units, one in the center and four evenly distributed around the perimeter, with a distribution radius of 500mm;

[0049] Total width and thickness of the central damping column: 400mm, 20mm;

[0050] Total width and thickness of auxiliary damping column: 200mm, 20mm;

[0051] Cross-shaped propeller column water immersion adjustment method: 5-unit master adjustment;

[0052] Cross-shaped propeller rotation adjustment method: 5 propellers rotate freely.

[0053] The immersion depth adjustment range of the cross-shaped propeller column is 300mm-1000mm.

[0054] Calculation results of operating frequency and damping ratio adjustment range:

[0055] When the cross-shaped propeller column is submerged in water to a depth of 300mm, the operating frequency is 0.635Hz and the damping ratio is 5.5%.

[0056] When the cross-shaped propeller column is submerged in water to a depth of 1000mm, the operating frequency is 0.568Hz and the damping ratio is 12.5%.

[0057] The cylindrical TLD with dynamic frequency and damping ratio adjustment in this embodiment has a continuously adjustable frequency range of 0.635Hz-0.568Hz, reaching 11.8%, and possesses bidirectional adjustment and tuning capabilities. The damping ratio is continuously adjustable between 5.5% and 12.5%, fully meeting the damping requirements of the TLD, especially with its high damping ratio in the high-damping range, satisfying the high damping requirements under strong winds or earthquakes. Furthermore, the synchronous change trend of the operating frequency and damping ratio perfectly meets the TLD's operating requirements under weak wind conditions. With its high frequency and low damping ratio requirement, this invention perfectly meets the control needs of wind-induced vibrations in super high-rise buildings and other structures, as it requires a low operating frequency and a high damping ratio under strong winds. In addition, the free-rotating structure design of the cross-shaped propeller column 1.2.1 allows the cylindrical TLD with dynamic frequency and damping ratio adjustment of this invention to automatically track the direction of wind-induced vibrations of super high-rise buildings and other structures, while maintaining the maximum peak damping ratio. This has outstanding advantages for vibration reduction of structures such as wind turbine towers and TV towers with variable wind direction and large vibration amplitude.

[0058] It should be noted that the above theoretical calculations introduce a series of idealized assumptions and simplifications, such as the assumptions of fluid inviscidity and irrotation, the nonlinearity of the free surface, the uncertainty of the hydrodynamic characteristics of the cross-shaped propeller column 1.2.1, the calculation errors of coupling parameters, and the influence of mechanical structures. In actual structures, the idealized assumptions and simplified conditions cannot be fully satisfied. Therefore, the calculation results can only predict the approximate range and trend of the TLD operating frequency and damping ratio, which can be used for the determination of technical solutions and initial design, but cannot perfectly meet the precise requirements of actual engineering for the TLD frequency and damping ratio. Therefore, after the product is manufactured, the TLD parameters need to be calibrated and corrected through vibration table tests. The calibration and correction of TLD parameters can be accomplished by adjusting the water injection depth in the circular water tank 1.1.1 or by modifying the total width of the central damping column or auxiliary damping column, to ensure that the cylindrical TLD with dynamically adjustable frequency and damping ratio can accurately match the dynamic characteristics of super high-rise buildings and other structures after installation, and achieve the best vibration reduction effect.

[0059] See the instruction manual appendix Figure 15 In actual operation, the cylindrical TLD with dynamic frequency and damping ratio adjustment of the present invention also requires a data processing control unit 4. The data processing control unit 4 includes a data acquisition unit 4.1, a computer 4.2, a controller 4.3, an interactive device 4.4, a displacement sensor 4.5, and a wave height meter. The displacement sensor 4.5 is fixedly mounted on the outer frame, and the wave height meter is fixedly mounted in the circular water tank. The computer 4.2 is electrically connected to the data acquisition unit 4.1, the controller 4.3, and the interactive device 4.4 respectively. The data acquisition unit 4.1 is electrically connected to the displacement sensor 4.5 and the wave height meter.

[0060] The adjustment method for a cylindrical TLD with dynamic frequency and damping ratio adjustment includes the following steps: S1: The data acquisition unit 4.1 acquires information from the displacement sensor 4.5 fixedly installed on the outer frame of the TLD at a set frequency of 1.0KHz, and acquires the liquid level information from the wave height gauge fixedly installed in the circular water tank at a set frequency of 20Hz. The data is transmitted to the computer 4.2, and after processing, the amplitude and frequency of the low-order displacement of the outer frame of the TLD (the amplitude and frequency are actually the amplitude and frequency of wind-induced vibration of high-rise buildings or other structures) and the amplitude and frequency of the low-order wave height of the liquid surface in the TLD (the amplitude and frequency are actually the amplitude and operating frequency of the liquid surface sloshing of the cylindrical TLD). S2: The difference between the low-order displacement frequency of the TLD outer frame and the high-order wave frequency of the liquid surface reflects the detuning between the wind-induced vibration frequency of high-rise buildings or other structures and the operating frequency of the cylindrical TLD; Computer 4.2 calculates the feedback control signal based on the difference between the low-order displacement frequency of the TLD outer frame and the high-order wave frequency of the liquid surface, and transmits it to controller 4.3. Controller 4.3 controls servo motor 3.6.1 to rotate by a set angle; the rotation angle output by servo motor 3.6.1 is reduced by reducer 3.6.2 and output through drive gear 3.6.3 and driven gear The engagement of 3.5.1 drives the drive screw 3.5 to rotate at a set angle. The drive screw 3.5 drives the nut 2.4 through the control board connected to it to move up and down, driving the cross propeller 1.2.1 to change the immersion depth in water, thereby realizing the synchronous control of the cylindrical TLD's operating frequency and damping ratio. The above control process adopts PID control, which ultimately realizes the tuning control of the cylindrical TLD's operating frequency and damping ratio, so that the cylindrical TLD's operating frequency is consistent with the wind-induced vibration frequency and damping ratio requirements of high-rise buildings or other structures.

[0061] Example 2: Based on Example 1, this example also includes a damping column 1.2 rotation drive device on the upper part of the control panel 2.1. This device independently controls the angle between the central damping column and the wind-induced vibration direction of the super high-rise building or other structures, thereby decoupling the frequency adjustment and damping ratio adjustment parts to increase the adjustment range of the damping ratio and more accurately control the damping ratio.

[0062] Based on the structural parameters of the cylindrical TLD with dynamic frequency and damping ratio adjustment in this embodiment, the calculation results of its working frequency and damping ratio adjustment range show that: the working frequency calculation results remain basically unchanged; when the water immersion depth of the cross propeller column 1.2.1 is 1000mm, the damping ratio adjustment range is 9.5%-11.6%; when the water immersion depth of the cross propeller column 1.2.1 is 300mm, the damping ratio adjustment range is 4.2%-5.1%, thus increasing the damping ratio adjustment range and independent adjustment flexibility; in this embodiment, because the central damping column is rotated in a controlled manner, the overall distribution of the damping ratio adjustment range is shifted downward.

[0063] In this embodiment, if the damping column 1.2 rotation drive device controls the angle between all cross-shaped propeller columns 1.2.1 and the wind-induced vibration direction of super high-rise buildings or other structures, the damping ratio adjustment range and the flexibility of independent adjustment can be further increased.

[0064] In this embodiment, the adjustment method of the cylindrical TLD with dynamic frequency and damping ratio adjustment, compared with Embodiment 1, further includes the adjustment and control of the damping ratio after the working frequency of the cylindrical TLD is tuned. Specifically, it includes the following steps: S1: The data acquisition unit 4.1 acquires the information of the displacement sensor 4.5 fixed on the outer frame of the TLD at a set frequency of 1.0KHz, and acquires the liquid level information of the wave height gauge at a set frequency of 20Hz. The data is transmitted to the computer 4.2, and after processing, the amplitude and frequency of the low-order displacement of the outer frame of the TLD (the amplitude and frequency are actually the amplitude and frequency of wind-induced vibration of high-rise buildings or other structures) and the amplitude and frequency of the low-order wave height of the liquid surface in the TLD (the amplitude and frequency are actually the amplitude and working frequency of the liquid surface sloshing of the cylindrical TLD). S2: The difference between the low-order displacement frequency of the TLD outer frame and the high-order wave frequency of the liquid surface reflects the detuning between the wind-induced vibration frequency of high-rise buildings or other structures and the operating frequency of the cylindrical TLD; Computer 4.2 calculates the feedback control signal based on the difference between the low-order displacement frequency of the TLD outer frame and the high-order wave frequency of the liquid surface, and transmits it to controller 4.3. Controller 4.3 controls servo motor 3.6.1 to rotate by a set angle; the rotation angle output by servo motor 3.6.1 is reduced by reducer 3.6.2 and output through drive gear 3.6.3 and driven gear The engagement of 3.5.1 drives the drive screw 3.5 to rotate at a set angle. The drive screw 3.5 drives the nut 2.4 through the control board connected to it to move up and down, driving the cross propeller 1.2.1 to change the immersion depth in water, thereby realizing the synchronous control of the cylindrical TLD's operating frequency and damping ratio. The above control process adopts PID control, which ultimately realizes the tuning control of the cylindrical TLD's operating frequency and damping ratio, so that the cylindrical TLD's operating frequency is consistent with the wind-induced vibration frequency and damping ratio requirements of high-rise buildings or other structures.

[0065] S3: After the working frequency of the cylindrical TLD is tuned, the coordinates of the points corresponding to the low-order wave height amplitude and frequency of the detected liquid surface are compared with the optimal damping ratio curve. Based on the difference between the wave height amplitude and the optimal damping ratio curve, the angle between the rectangular blade of the cross-shaped section of the damping column and the direction of liquid sloshing is controlled to achieve independent control of the optimal damping ratio of the cylindrical TLD.

[0066] In step S3, the optimal damping ratio curve is tested before the cylindrical TLD is installed. The relationship curve between the amplitude of the liquid surface wave height of the cylindrical TLD response caused by the vibration amplitude of the vibration test bench and the TLD damping ratio is detected by a large vibration test bench when the driving frequency of the vibration test bench is consistent with the working frequency of the cylindrical TLD. This curve is used as the optimal damping ratio curve and stored in computer 4.2.

[0067] Example 3: Compared with Example 1, all cross propellers 1.2.1 have the same dimensions. The total width of the cross propellers 1.2.1 is 200mm and the thickness is 20mm. Therefore, the overall adjustment range of the TLD damping ratio can be lowered to meet the requirements of certain operating conditions.

[0068] In Example 4, the drive shaft connection mechanism 2.2 connected to the central damping column is mounted on the control plate 2.1, and the drive shaft connection mechanism 2.2 connected to the other auxiliary damping columns is mounted on the water tank cover 1.1.2. When the control plate assembly 2 moves up and down, it only drives the central damping column to move up and down, changing the depth of the central damping column immersed in the water. This example can reduce the adjustment range of the working frequency and damping ratio while keeping the adjustment depth of the central damping column immersed in the water the same, thereby improving the adjustment accuracy of the working frequency and damping ratio.

[0069] In the above embodiments, five damping columns 1.2 are provided; however, depending on the specific usage requirements, the number of damping columns 1.2 can also be set to four, six, etc.; the central damping column coincides with the axis of the circular water tank 1.1.1, and the auxiliary damping columns are evenly distributed around the central damping column; the distance between the auxiliary damping columns and the central damping column, as well as the total width of the central damping column and the auxiliary damping columns, are calculated and determined according to the actual working conditions.

[0070] It should be understood that this solution is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. Devices and structures not described in detail herein should be understood as being implemented in a manner common to the art. Any person skilled in the art can make many possible variations and modifications to this solution, or modify it into equivalent embodiments, without departing from the scope of this solution, using the methods and techniques disclosed above. This does not affect the substantive content of this solution. Therefore, any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of this solution, without departing from its scope, still fall within the protection scope of this solution.

[0071] The parts of this invention not described in detail are prior art.

Claims

1. A cylindrical TLD with dynamically adjustable frequency and damping ratio, comprising a circular water tank and a liquid disposed therein; characterized in that: The circular water tank has several cross-shaped damping columns arranged in an array and rotating inside. The cross-shaped damping columns are connected to a lifting drive device. The lifting drive device drives the damping columns to move up and down along their axis, adjusting their immersion depth in the liquid, thereby realizing dynamic adjustment of the frequency and damping ratio of the cylindrical TLD.

2. The cylindrical TLD with dynamically adjustable frequency and damping ratio according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting drive device drives all the damping columns to adjust up and down along their axis; or the lifting drive device drives some of the damping columns to adjust up and down along their axis.

3. The cylindrical TLD with dynamic frequency and damping ratio adjustment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross-shaped section of the damping column is composed of two mutually perpendicular rectangular blades with equal width.

4. The cylindrical TLD with dynamically adjustable frequency and damping ratio according to claim 3, characterized in that: The damping column rotates freely around its axis. When the cylindrical TLD is working, the sloshing liquid generates a hydrodynamic torque that drives its rotation, so that the rectangular blades of the cross-shaped section of the damping column automatically form a 45° angle with the direction of liquid sloshing; or the damping column is connected to a rotary drive device, which drives its rotation, so that the angle between the rectangular blades of the cross-shaped section of the damping column and the direction of liquid sloshing can be adjusted between 0° and 45°.

5. The cylindrical TLD with dynamic frequency and damping ratio adjustment according to claim 3, characterized in that: Several damping columns with cross-shaped cross sections are provided. One of these columns, whose axis coincides with the axis of the circular water tank, is called the central damping column. The remaining damping columns are called auxiliary damping columns. The auxiliary damping columns are evenly distributed around the axis of the circular water tank.

6. The cylindrical TLD with dynamic frequency and damping ratio adjustment according to claim 5, characterized in that: The width of the rectangular blade of the central damping column is equal to the width of the rectangular blade of the auxiliary damping column; or the width of the rectangular blade of the central damping column is greater than the width of the rectangular blade of the auxiliary damping column.

7. The cylindrical TLD with dynamically adjustable frequency and damping ratio according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: It also includes an outer frame, with a cylindrical TLD fixedly mounted on the outer frame.

8. The cylindrical TLD with dynamically adjustable frequency and damping ratio according to any one of claims 7, characterized in that: It also includes a data processing control unit; the data processing control unit includes a data acquisition unit, a computer, a controller, an interactive device, a displacement sensor, and a wave height meter. The displacement sensor is fixedly mounted on the outer frame, and the wave height meter is fixedly mounted in a circular water tank. The computer is electrically connected to the data acquisition unit, the controller, and the interactive device, and the data acquisition unit is electrically connected to the displacement sensor and the wave height meter.

9. A method for adjusting a cylindrical TLD based on the dynamic adjustment of frequency and damping ratio as described in claim 8, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1: The data acquisition unit collects displacement information from the displacement sensor fixedly installed on the outer frame of the TLD and liquid level information from the wave height meter fixedly installed in the circular water tank at a set frequency. The data is then transmitted to the computer and processed to obtain the amplitude and frequency of the low-order displacement of the outer frame and the amplitude and frequency of the low-order wave height of the liquid surface. S2: The difference between the low-order displacement frequency of the outer frame and the high-order low-order wave frequency of the liquid surface is used to control the depth of the damping column immersed in the liquid, thereby achieving synchronous control of the working frequency and damping ratio of the cylindrical TLD.

10. The method for adjusting the frequency and damping ratio of a cylindrical TLD according to claim 9, characterized in that: After the operating frequency of the cylindrical TLD is tuned, the damping ratio of the cylindrical TLD can be independently controlled by controlling the angle between the rectangular blades with the cross-shaped cross section of the damping column and the direction of liquid sloshing.

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